The Balance Between Iq And Eq A Correlative Study.docx

The Balance Between IQ and EQ: A Correlative Study

Chapter 1

The Problem and Its Background

Introduction Life is a war that is hard to battle with. In each stage of our life, we are likely to face different challenges, sorrows, and hardships which are great contribution to most of the suicide cases around the globe. Suicide is the second leading cause of death legally among people 15 to 29 years of age, according to the 2014 global report on Preventing Suicide by the World Health Organization. Some people perceive life as a difficult thing we need to battle with, in order to survive. They see life as something so difficult they don’t know how to withstand struggles and handle their emotions properly. Life is unpredictable. For decades, it was assumed that the likelihood of being triumphant is based on the level of one’s intelligence or simply said, Intelligence Quotient (IQ). This was true to people for a while. However, researchers were puzzled by the fact that while IQ could predict to a significant degree of academic performance and, to some degree professional and personal issues, there was something missing in the equation. Some of those with high IQ scores were doing poorly in life; one could say that they were wasting their potential by thinking, behaving and communicating in a way that hindered their chances to succeed. The Marshmallow Experiment revealed that Emotional Quotient is also a part of the success equation. According to Walter Mischel, people with a greater certainty about their

The balance Between IQ and EQ: A Correlative Study 2 feelings are better pilots of their lives and have a surer sense about how they feel about personal decisions. Relatively, we have not heard of a theory proposing that there is indeed a significant relationship between IQ and EQ. No theorist ever told a person that because a person is intelligent, he is more likely to be having low emotional quotient. None of these theorists have proven that happy people despite having problems are not intelligent. They have not proven that intelligent people are having emotional insecurities. That is why we have decided to conduct this study. Should we find the result of this research, it can help teachers and parents in the development of these individuals. The researchers chose the 1st year students because they were in the stage of adapting to their environment as now, college students. Because of having a drastic change from the previous atmosphere they belonged, emotional disturbances will arise. This is a perfect situation for us to test their emotional stability. The researchers of this study proceeded to understand if there is any relation between intelligence quotient of the first year students and their emotional quotient.

Background of the Study Emotional depression had always been the most prevalent mental condition among adolescents. Contrary to our belief that Filipinos are resilient to disasters and poverty, our very own Department of Health (DOH) says that the country “has the highest incidence of depression in Southeast Asia. World Health Organization (WHO) showed that “the

The balance Between IQ and EQ: A Correlative Study Philippines have the highest incidence of depression in Southeast Asia with 93 suicides for every 100,000 Filipinos. “This may be an effect of the fluctuations of people who have very low emotional quotient. People who have fabulous IQ scores are no exception to this. In fact, we have seen intelligent people feeling frustrated and not contented. Sometimes, these people let the frustration eat them whole. This is a question for most of us. We found it amusing to see these people, who excel in every subject, failing to control their emotions and taking the easy way to escape. That is why; we desired to find the answer by conducting this study that aims to discover the relationship between Intelligence Quotient and Emotional Quotient. Throughout the years, there have been many methods used that attempted to accurately quantify and measure human intelligence. Concepts and tests of Intelligence Quotient—IQ—came about in the late 19th century and evolved from a man's pure, green envy of Charles Darwin. Darwin's cousin Sir Frances Galton was a British scientist who conceived his theories that intelligence is both hereditary and measurable out of jealousy over the attention his cousin was getting for his research on evolution. People are born with an inbuilt ability to learn new things, understand new concepts and think in a logical way. The efficiency with which they accomplish these tasks depend on their natural intelligence. Some children could be very gifted, intelligent and talented in performing these entire academic, scholarly and intelligence tasks while others are just above average and or poor in similar tasks. In a way, intelligence among children is diverse and varied and it is only an indicator of how well they do in academics. IQ, or intelligence quotient, is score derived from one of several standardized tests designed to assess an

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The balance Between IQ and EQ: A Correlative Study 2 individual's intelligence. However, IQ is not just enough to make someone complete and wholesome. It is not the primary indicator of success. There is another kind of intelligence that helps a person to lead a life that is free of stress, tension and emotional problems. This type of intelligence is the emotional intelligence. For a child, who is just growing up, understanding emotions and paying attention to them is very important because it can build self-awareness, know and understand other people, and eventually understand their own mind and emotional status. Known as emotional intelligence or quotient, it is very critical skill that can help children build a wholesome personality and a successful career. Just like IQ, EQ can help children predict future success in acutely emotional situations. Some children have very good skills in managing their emotions while others are very poor in such skills. Unlike IQ, it is possible to improve and build emotional intelligence and skills with proper intervention, training and tutoring. Theoretical Framework This study “The Balance between Intelligence Quotient and Emotional Quotient: A Correlative Study “is anchored on the following theories: The Hereditarian Theory of Intelligence When Alfred Binet decided to study the measurement of intelligence, he used an age old method of measuring skulls, and flavored the conclusion set forth by his countryman Paul Broca. He collected his data by going to various schools and measuring the heads of pupils designated by the teachers as their smartest and stupidest. After three years and several publications, Binet’s research found that larger head sized favored the “good” student, but the difference between the “good” and “poor” student amounted to mere millimeters. Secondly,

The balance Between IQ and EQ: A Correlative Study Binet didn’t observe a large difference in anterior region of the skull, where higher intelligence was supposedly found. It is where Broca in his analysis found the greatest disparity between superior and less fortunate people . Binet concluded that even those most of the results pointed in the right direction it was still useless to asset the intelligence of an individual, because the differences between the smart and poor student was too small. He also found that poor students varied more than their smart students, because the smallest and largest value usually belongs to the poor pupil. Furthermore, Binet become aware of his own unconscious bias. “I feared,” Binet wrote, “that in making measurements on heads with the intention of finding a difference in volume between intelligence and less intelligence head, I would be led to increase, unconsciously and in good faith, the cephalic volume of intelligence heads to decrease that of unintelligence heads.” Binet was able to confirm his unconscious bias by re-measuring the heads of “idiots and imbeciles” in a hospital; where he found an average diminution of 3mm, a good deal of more average difference between the skulls of smart and poor students. In the end, Binet did recalculate his work and found an extreme average of 3 to 4 mm, but it still didn’t exceed the average potential bias. Binet’s scale and the birth of IQ Binet test was concerned with separating the natural intelligence and instruction. Binet stated, “We give him nothing to read, nothing to write, and submit him to no test in which he might succeed by means of rote learning (180-181).” Furthermore, Binet would decline to discuss the meaning of the score he assigned the children for he reminds us that intelligence isn’t a single, scalable thing like height.

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The balance Between IQ and EQ: A Correlative Study 2 What Binet feared most about an IQ number was its negative uses in society. He thought that it could be used as an indelible label rather than a tool to identify the needs of the child. Therefore, Binet declined to label IQ as inborn intelligence and refused to regard it as device for ranking individuals based on the mental capacity. Cattell-Horn-Caroll Theory The Cattell–Horn–Carroll theory, or CHC theory, is a psychological theory of human cognitive abilities that takes its name from Raymond Cattell, John L. Horn and John Bissell Carroll. Recent advances in current theory and research on the structure of human cognitive abilities have resulted in a new empirically derived model commonly referred to as the Cattell–Horn–Carroll theory of cognitive abilities. CHC theory of cognitive abilities is an amalgamation of two similar theories about the content and structure of human cognitive abilities. The first of these two theories is Gf-Gc theory (Raymond Cattell, 1941; Horn 1965), and the second is Carroll's (1993) Three-Stratum theory. Carroll's expansion of Gf-Gc theory to CHC theory was developed in the course of a major survey of research over the past 60 or 70 years on the nature, identification, and structure of human cognitive abilities. That research involved the use of the mathematical technique known as factor analysis. In comparison to other well-known theories of intelligence and cognitive abilities, CHC theory is the most comprehensive and empirically supported psychometric theory of the structure of cognitive and academic abilities.

The balance Between IQ and EQ: A Correlative Study Emotional Intelligence Theory US psychologists John Mayer and Peter Salovey published the first formal definition of emotional intelligence in 1990. Their publication also claimed that it might be possible to assess and measure a person’s emotional intelligence. Mayer and Salovey believed that emotional intelligence is a subset of social intelligence and is about a person’s ability to: •

perceive emotion in oneself and others

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integrate emotion into thought

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understand emotion in oneself and others

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manage or regulate emotion in oneself and others. They have also described emotional intelligence as being ‘knowledge of self and

others’ and, more specifically, ‘the ability to monitor one’s own and others’ feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one’s thinking’. Since 1990, Mayer, Salovey and David Caruso have developed a set of tasks that assess this four-dimensional model. These include identifying emotions in human faces. They claim their research indicates that emotional intelligence can be measured reliably and that it is related to, but independent of, standard intelligence. The Development of Emotional Intelligence Although theories of emotional intelligence have been around since the 1920s, writers such as Howard Gardner and Daniel Goleman have championed the importance of emotions

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The balance Between IQ and EQ: A Correlative Study 2 and feelings in learning more recently. Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligence pioneered the view that intra and interpersonal intelligences were as important as other forms such as linguistic and logical. Daniel Goleman, who later coined the phrase ‘emotional intelligence’, put forward the argument that emotional intelligence (EQ) mattered more than IQ (Intelligence Quotient). The Marshmallow Test The experiment began by bringing each child into a private room, sitting them down in a chair, and placing a marshmallow on the table in front of them. At this point, the researcher offered a deal to the child.The researcher told the child that he was going to leave the room and that if the child did not eat the marshmallow while he was away, then they would be rewarded with a second marshmallow. However, if the child decided to eat the first one before the researcher came back, then they would not get a second marshmallow. So the choice was simple: one treat right now or two treats later.The researcher left the room for 15 minutes. As you can imagine, the footage of the children waiting alone in the room was rather entertaining. Some kids jumped up and ate the first marshmallow as soon as the researcher closed the door. Others wiggled and bounced and scooted in their chairs as they tried to restrain themselves, but eventually gave in to temptation a few minutes later. And finally, a few of the children did manage to wait the entire time.

The balance Between IQ and EQ: A Correlative Study

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The Power of Delayed Gratification As the years rolled on and the children grew up, the researchers conducted follow up studies and tracked each child’s progress in a number of areas. What they found was surprising. The children who were willing to delay gratification and waited to receive the second marshmallow ended up having higher SAT scores, lower levels of substance abuse, lower likelihood of obesity, better responses to stress, better social skills as reported by their parents, and generally better scores in a range of other life measures. The researchers followed each child for more than 40 years and over and over again, the group who waited patiently for the second marshmallow succeed in whatever capacity they were measuring. In other words, this series of experiments proved that the ability to delay gratification was critical for success in life.

Conceptual Framework Independent Intelligence Quotient 1. Cattell- Horn- Caroll Theory 2. The Hereditarian Theory of IQ

Dependent Emotional Quotient 1.Emotional Intelligence Theory    

Self-awareness Self-management Social Awareness Self-control

2. Marshmallow Theory

The balance Between IQ and EQ: A Correlative Study 2

Figure 1 shows the research paradigm depicting the interplay of the independent and dependent variables and the theories in which they are anchored to. There are two frames presented in this figure, one for the independent on the left while the other frame on the right side shows the dependent variable. The independent variable pertains to the intelligence Quotient of the students. The dependent variable refers to the emotional quotient of the respondents. The arrow connecting the frame denotes relationship between them. The conceptual framework was based on the assumption that the respondent’s IQ and EQ are significantly related to each other. Statement of the Problem This study will determine the relationship of Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and Emotional Quotient (EQ) of the first year students of PUP San Pedro. Specifically, it will answer the following question: 1.) What is the profile of the respondents in terms of the following: a.)Age b.)Gender c.) year/ level 2.) What is the respondent’s level of Intelligence Quotient? 3.) What is the respondent’s level of Emotional Quotient?

The balance Between IQ and EQ: A Correlative Study 4.) Is there any significant relationship between the respondent’s IQ and EQ?

Hypothesis There is no significant relationship between the respondent’s Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and Emotional Quotient (EQ). Scope and Limitations of the Study This study will include two variables: the Intelligence Quotient and Emotional Quotient of the first year students of Polytechnic University of the Philippines enrolled in SY (2015-2016). This study will focus on the relationship between Intelligence Quotient of selected 1st year students and the Emotional Quotient. This involved the participation of 1st year students of Polytechnic University of the Philippines enrolled in SY 2015-2016.The study will be limited to the use of intelligence quotient and emotional quotient of the respondents. Significance of the Study The results of the study may be beneficial to the following: Student This study will benefit the students for this can help them to determine the areas which are the indicators of success. If they will improve their IQ and EQ, they are going to be fruitful citizens of this society

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The balance Between IQ and EQ: A Correlative Study 2 Teachers/Advisers Through this research, teachers may understand the condition of their students and provide counseling for students who need attention and care the most. It can also help them integrate values in every cognitive lesson. School Administrator This study can be used in enhancing the curriculum so that it will not focus on IQ alone which can improve the cognitive and appetitive faculty of the mind of the students. Parents To emphasize the significance of the efforts that parents should put in at home to ensure that their children are academically-competent and emotionally stable. Future researchers This can serve as a reference to future researchers who would want to study cases along the line. Definition of Terms Intelligence – is the capacity or set of capacities which enable an individual to learn or cope with his environment or to solve problem: the ability to perceive and understand relationship. Intelligence Quotient – ability of a person to perform some tasks characterized by difficulty, complexity, originality, abstractness, adaptiveness to a goal with social value in a manner that reflects accuracy and speed.

The balance Between IQ and EQ: A Correlative Study IQ Test – it gives a fairly accurate index of the intelligence. Instruction, scoring instruction and explanation are provided to the users. Emotional Stability – the ability to attend to situations without any fluctuations in the mood or emotion. Self-esteem - the inner perception people have as being more or less valuable, worthy and powerful in the world Emotional literacy - the practice of being aware of, understanding and managing emotional states in both oneself and other people. EQ Test - it gives a fairly accurate index of the emotion. Instruction, scoring instruction and explanation are provided to the users.

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