Review Questions

Option 1) On your own notebook paper, answer each question in complete sentence format. Option 2) Create flashcards with the question on one side and the answers on the back.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31.

A famous experiment conducted at Yale in the early 1960’s prompted the APA to come up with a code of ethics. Who was the experimenter and what was he studying? A psychologist uses the double-blind technique in her research design in order to avoid what two things? According to Piaget, which two processes adjust or control a schema? After trying and failing to succeed over and over again, eventually a person just stops trying. Give the concept and theorist associated with this research. Alfred Binet developed procedures to identify school children who might require special help. What two aspects did Binet compare to establish intelligence. Beginning at the bottom, list Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Draw and label a scatterplot for the following types of correlations: positive, negative, no correlation Explain the difference between applied research and basic research. Explain the difference between the positions of B.F. Skinner and Noam Chomsky on language development Hans and Sybil Eysneck represented the personality as a combination of two basic dimensions. Name these dimensions. How do Prozac and other SSRI’s work at the synapse? Identify the primary area of research of each of the following social psychologists: Milgram, Asch, Zimbardo In Fritz Heider’s attribution theory, which two types of attributions do we make when explaining others’ behavior? In operant conditioning, how does punishment differ from negative reinforcement? In the initial acquisition stage of teaching a dog a new trick, what reinforcement schedule will be used to establish the behavior? Julian Rotter’s theory emphasizes what aspects of people’s lives? Julie’s therapist tells her to relax, close her eyes, and state aloud whatever comes to mind no matter how trivial or absurd. Name this technique. What type of psychologist is most known for using this technique? List the major perspectives of psychology. List the four types of schedules of partial reinforcement for Operant Conditioning. List three factors, identified by psychological research, that influence interpersonal attraction. List seven types of learning List, in order, Lawerence Kohlberg’s levels of moral development. List, in order, the four stages of Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. List, in order, the three stages of prenatal development. Name each of the 6 major divisions and subdivisions of the nervous system. Name each of the four lobes of the cerebral cortex. Name Erik Erikson’s psychosocial conflict for each of the following ages: Infancy, Adolescence, Late Adulthood Name five brain imaging techniques. Name the defense mechanisms. Name the monocular depth cues in vision. Name Gardner’s multiple intelligences.

Option 1) On your own notebook paper, answer each question in complete sentence format. Option 2) Create flashcards with the question on one side and the answers on the back.

32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63.

Name the Big Five personality traits. Name the stages children go through in the development of language. Name the three language centers of the brain. Name the three sensations that skin detects. Name the visual receptor systems in the retina and what each is used for. Name the different parenting styles. Name Gestalt’s Laws of Perceptual Organization. Name the five major categories of psychoactive drugs. Name the psychoanalytic therapy techniques. Name the structures of the Limbic System. Name five types of anxiety disorders. Name nine types of obstacles to problem-solving. Name three ways we encode information. Name two personality concepts emphasized by the Humanist Carl Rogers. Name two research-based projective personality tests. Name two theories of hearing pitch. Name five types heuristics. Name which neurotransmitter is involved in the following illnesses: Schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Major Depression The Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale has a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. What percentage of the population will receive scores between 85 and 115? What percent will fall 2 standard deviations from the mean? Trace a neural impulse through a neuron from beginning to end by naming the structures of a neuron. What are the four goals of psychology? What are the three measures of central tendency and one measure of variation. What are the two senses that monitor our body positioning and movement? What are three of the most accepted theories of emotion. What are the major theories explaining hypnosis? What are the theories of color vision? What did John Garcia’s research on taste aversion add to our understanding of Classical Conditioning? What is the difference between obsessions and compulsions? Which disorder is most likely to be treated with electro-convulsive therapy? What is possible side-effect of ECT? Who developed the first Psychology laboratory? In what country? What year? Why do you randomly sample in an experiment? Why is REM sleep known as paradoxical sleep

Option 1) On your own notebook paper, answer each question in complete sentence format. Option 2) Create flashcards with the question on one side and the answers on the back.

68%, 95%

Describe, Explain, Predict, Control

Acoustic, Semantic, Visual

Dispositional (personality/internal), Situational (external)

Amygdala, Hippocampus, Hypothalamus (or) Septum Applied Research is used to solve realworld problems. Basic is used to expand the knowledge base.

EEG, MEG, MRI, CT Scan/CAT Scan, PET Scan Evolutionary/Biological predisposition in learning

Assimilation, Accommodation

Extraverted-Introverted, Neurotic-Stable

Associative, Observational, Latent, Classical Conditioning, Operant Conditioning, Social Learning, Modeling, Vicarious

Fixation, confirmation bias, overconfidence, heuristics, framing, belief perseverance, mental set, functional fixedness, belief bias

Authoritarian/Dictatorial, Permissive, Authoritative/Democratic, Neglecting/Rejecting

Fixed Interval, Fixed Ratio, Variable Interval, Variable Ratio

Babbling, One-word Stage, Two-word Stage Blocks the reuptake of serotonin Brain/Internal body systems active, Large muscles/body inactive Broca’s Area, Wernicke’s Area, Angular Gyrus Cannon Bard, James-Lange, SchachterSinger or “two stages” or Cognitive, Opponent Process Central, Peripheral, Somatic (Skeletal), Autonomic, Sympathetic, Parasympathetic

Free association, interpretation of dreams, analysis of transference, Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), Rorschach/Inkblot Test, hypnosis, analysis of slips of the tongue, projective testing Free Association, Psychoanalysis Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital Infancy: Trust vs. Mistrust, Adolescence: Identity vs. Role Confusion, Late Adulthood: Integrity vs. Despair Internal or External, Locus of Control Kinesthetic, Vesibular

Central: Mean, Median, Mode, Variation: Range, Standard Deviation

Laws of: Proximity, Similarity, Continuity, Closure, Connectedness, Good Figure, Common Fate, Figure Ground

Continuous Reinforcement

Learned Helplessness, Martin Seligmen

Dendrite, Soma(cell body), Axon (may include myelin sheath), Axon Terminal(synaptic button, synaptic knob, terminal buttons, synaptic terminals, terminal end)

Linguistic, Logical/Mathematical, Musical, Spatial, Bodily/Kinesthetic, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Naturalist

Depressants, Stimulants, Hallucinogens / Psychedelics

Means-end Analysis, Hill-climbing, Subgoals, Availability Heuristic, Representative Heuristic

Major Depression, Memory Loss

Option 1) On your own notebook paper, answer each question in complete sentence format. Option 2) Create flashcards with the question on one side and the answers on the back.

Mental Age, Chronological Age Milgrim: obedience to authority, Asch: conformity, Zimbardo: social roles or role playing Observer bias, experimenter bias, Hawthorne effect, participant bias, subject bias Obsessions: recurring thoughts, create anxiety - Compulsions: recurring behaviors, reduce anxiety OCD, Panic Attacks, Phobias, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder

relative brightness/relative motion, aerial perspective, relative clarity, relative height, linear perspective, superposition, interposition, texture gradient, shadowing, overlapping Rods and Cones = both used for transduction, Rods = black and white, general detail, or dim light, Cones = color, detail or bright light Role Theory, Social-Cognitive Theory, State Theory, Divided Consciousness, Trance Theory, Neo-Dissociative Rorschach/Inkblot, Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), Draw A Person

Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism (emotional stability)

Schizophrenia: Dopamine, Alzheimer’s Disease: ACH, Depression: Serotonin OR Norepinephrine

Pain, Pressure, Temperature (warm/cold)

Self-concept, unconditional positive regard, ideal vs. real self, client or personcentered therapy, active listening, selfactualization, fully functioning, genetic blueprint

physiological, safety, belongingness and love, esteem, self-actualization Positive: Clusters from bottom left to top right., Negative: Clusters from top left to bottom right. , None: Points are scattered without pattern. Pre-conventional, Conventional, Postconventional Proximity/Exchange( mere exposure effect), Similarity, Physical Attractiveness

Sensorimotor, Pre-operational, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational Skinner: reinforcement imitation, environmental factors, Chomsky: Language Acquisition Device, Innate Stanley Milgrim, Obedience

Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic, Behavioral, Cognitive, Neuroscience/Biological, Socio-cultural, Evolutionary, Humanistic, BehaviorGenetics

To ensure that all members of the population are represented equally., To generalize to your population.

Punishment decreases the behavior., Neg. Reinforcement increases the rate of operant responding (behavior).

Volley Principle/Frequency, Place Theory

reaction formation, repression, displacement, sublimation, rationalization, projection, denial, undoing, regression, intellectualization, identification

Zygote (zygotic), Embryo (embryonic), Fetus (fetal)

Trichromatic/Young-Helmholtz, Hering/Opponent-Process Two Stage

Wundt, Germany, 1879