Respiratory System

Respiratory System By: Dr.Deny, Dr.Maria, Dr. Claudia & Dr.Jose

Respiratory System

The breathing system that includes the lungs and the air passages (trachea or "windpipe," larynx, mouth, and nose) to the air outside the body, plus the associated nervous and circulatory supply.

Respiratory System

Brings 02 in and CO2 & water vapor out of the body

AIR FLOWS THROUGH MAIN PARTS Nose, Sinus, Mouth

Trachea

Bronchi

Bronchioles

Lungs

Alveoli

The Respiratory System moves gases into & out of the blood Airs pathway after it enters the nose and mouth is Trachea~>Bronchi~>Lungs~ >Bronchioles~>Alveoli  So much surface area is needed in the Lungs to absorb enough O2 to supply the body and expel CO2.  When you inhale, the muscles of the rib cage contract, expanding the rib cage. When you exhale, rib cage and diaphragm movements produce higher pressure in the lungs, and air flows out. 

Why is it important for the Circulatory & Respiratory System to work so closely together?! The Circulatory & Respiratory systems work closely together to maintain homeostasis when your needs for oxygen and nutrients change.  The lungs need to have so many alveoli to give the lungs a massive surface area for absorbing O2 and releasing CO2 and water vapor. 

Gas Exchange 

The three principles of gas exchange.

*O2 and CO2 are carried by the blood. *Gases move by diffusion that is, they move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. *The lining of the alveoli must be moist to help gases diffuse.

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The advantage of having so many clusters of alveoli in the Lungs is that all of the alveoli together gives the lungs a surface area of about 100 square meters. Without this huge area for gas exchange, the lungs would be unable to extract enough O2from the air to keep you alive.

Respiratory Diseases 

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SMOKING- Tobacco smoke contains more than 4800 chemicals that can paralyze cilia, damage alveoli, and cause genetic mutations leading to cancer. EMPHYSEMA- Many alveoli are destroyed. This process gradually reduces the surface area for gas exchange, and not enough oxygen can enter the blood. ASTHMA- Hard to move air in and out of the lungs, severe asthma attack can kill from lack of oxygen. Attacks may be triggered by allergies, stress, exposure, to smoke and chemicals or exercise. CYSTIC FIBROSIS- Causes the lungs to produce a thick, stick mucus. This mucus blocks the airways and allows microorganisms to thrive in the lungs. Sometimes lung infections.