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INTRODUCTION
What is a Butterfly
Butterflies are beautiful, flying insects with large scaly wings. Like all insects, they have six jointed legs, 3 body parts, a pair of antennae, compound eyes, and an exoskeleton.
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INTRODUCTION
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B U T T E R F L Y LIFE C Y C L E
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A butterfly usually lays 200-500 eggs on plant leaves and stems. Eggs from different butterflies are different shapes and sizes. The caterpillars hatch from the eggs about 5 days later. The caterpillar is also called the larva. Caterpillars first eat their eggshell, then they eat lots of leaves. Each time the caterpillar grows, it needs to shed its old skin or molt. They usually molt 5 times. After a few weeks the caterpillar stops eating and growing and looks for a place to The caterpillar sheds its skin for the last time and change. becomes a pupa. The pupa stays inside a hard shell called a chrysalis. Inside the chrysalis, the pupa is changing from a caterpillar's body to a butterfly's body. The adult butterfly emerges from the chrysalis after several weeks. The butterfly looks for another butterfly to mate with. After mating, the female butterfly lays her eggs. Adult butterflies usually live for only 2 weeks!
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INTRODUCTION
BUTTERFLY ANATOMY
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BUTTERFLY ANATOMY
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INTRODUCTION CHRYSALIS (PUPA) The caterpillar sheds its skin for the last time and becomes a pupa. The pupa stays inside a hard shell called a chrysalis. Inside
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the chrysalis, the pupa is changing from a caterpillar's body to a butterfly's body.
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CATERPILLAR’S HEAD B U T T E R F L Y INFO
DIET BALANCE HEARING FLYING BODY PART SMELL AND TASTE
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CATERPILLAR’S HEAD
The vision of butterflies and moths changes radically in their different stages of life.
BUTTERFLY INFO
INTRODUCTION
FLYING
BUTTERFLY INFO
Butterflies are very good fliers. They have two pairs of large wings covered with colorful, iridescent scales in overlapping rows. Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) are the only insects that have scaly wings.
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The wings are attached to the butterfly's thorax (mid-section). Veins support the delicate wings and nourish them with blood.
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FLYING
Butterflies can only fly if their body temperature is above 86 degrees. Butterflies sun themselves to warm up in cool weather. As butterflies age, the color
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of the wings fades and the wings become ragged.
BUTTERFLY INFO
INTRODUCTION
DIET
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BUTTERFLY INFO
Caterpillars spend most of their time eating leaves using strong mandibles (jaws). A caterpillar's first meal, however, is its own eggshell. A few caterpillars are meat-eaters; the larva of the carnivorous Harvester butterfly eats woolly aphids.
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HEARING
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Caterpillars startle at loud noises. Butterflies and moths hear sounds through their wings. CONTACT US ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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BALANCE
BUTTERFLY INFO
Butterflies and moths: Johnston's organ is an organ at the base of a butterfly's antennae. This organ are responsible for maintaining the butterfly's sense of balance and orientation, especially during flight.
INTRODUCTION
SMELL AND TASTE
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SMELL AND TASTE
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BUTTERFLY INFO
Caterpillars: A caterpillar's maxillae (small mouth parts that are under the mandibles) have taste cells; these chemical detectors tell the caterpillar to eat when the food is appropriate, and not to eat when the food is not appropriate. The tiny antennae, which are near the mouth parts, sense smells.
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SMELL AND TASTE
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Butterflies and moths: A butterfly's antennae, pulps, legs, and many other parts of the body are studded with sense receptors that are used to smell. The sense of smell is used for finding food (usually flower nectar), and for finding mates (the female smelling the male's pheromones).
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BODY PART ANTENNA
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BUTTERFLY INFO
Antenna A butterfly has 2 antennae on its head. They are skinny with little knobs on the end. Butterflies use their antenna to smell flowers, plants, and other butterflies.
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BUTTERFLY INFO A butterfly has two compound eyes – lots of little eyeballs grouped together. Each eyeball sees a little part of what the butterfly is looking at. It's like looking through a bunch of straws bundled together. Butterflies can see colors. They look for flowers and plants and other butterflies!
EYES
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PROBOSCIS
BUTTERFLY INFO
A proboscis is like a long tongue or drinking straw. The butterfly uncoils its proboscis and sips up flower nectar or fruit juice.
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Legs Butterflies have 6 legs (3 pairs). Butterflies taste with their feet! That's how they find flower nectar and the best plants to lay their eggs. "Brush-footed" butterflies (mourning cloak, painted lady, monarch) look like they have only 4 legs. The two front legs are small and covered with small hairs.
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Body A butterfly has 3 body sections: Head, Thorax and Abdomen. The thorax has strong muscles that help the butterfly move its legs and wings. The butterfly's heart and stomach are in its abdomen. It also "breathes" through small holes on the sides of the abdomen.
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Wings Butterflies have 4 wings: 2 hind wings and 2 forewings. Butterflies with long narrow wings can fly very fast. Butterflies with larger wings can float and glide in the air. Butterflies use their wings to soak up the sun's rays when the weather is cold.
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BUTTERFLY INFO Scales Tiny colorful scales cover the both sides of a butterfly's wings. Scales with different colors make patterns and designs on the wings. These patterns are almost the same on the left and right wings, but patterns are very different on the front and back of the wing.
ACTIVITIES
INTRODUCTION BUTTERFLY LIFE CYCLE MOBILE
BUTTERFLY MOBILE
BALANCING BUTTERFLY
HANDPRINT BUTTERFLY
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PAPER PLATE BUTTERFLY PUPPET
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http://www.shrewsbury-ma.gov/schools/beal/ curriculum/butterfly/cycle/index.htm http://www.shrewsbury-ma.gov/schools/beal/ curriculum/butterfly/butterflies.html
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