Public Speaking
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- Pages: 30
August 3, 2009
1
PUBLIC SPEAKING
August 3, 2009
2
SCOPE
FUNCTIONS OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
TYPE OF PRESENTATION/ ACTIVITY
SELECTION OF THE TOPIC
AUDIENCE ANALYSIS
PREPARATION OF MATERIAL
SPEECH DELIVERY
August 3, 2009
3
FUNCTIONS OF A PUBLIC SPEECH
3
Main Functions:
to
inform- to increase the audience’s understanding or awareness of a topic
to
persuade- to effect some change in the audience, by accepting the speaker’s alternate view
to
celebrate or commemorate special occasions
August 3, 2009
4
ACTIVITIES REQUIRING PUBLIC SPEAKING
Prep Talk
Snap Talks
Campaign Study
Syndicate Presentations
Classroom Instructions
August 3, 2009
5
SELECTION OF THE TOPIC
August 3, 2009
6
SELECTION OF THE TOPIC The topic is either given or told to chose If assigned, adapt it to the audience The speaker must decide on a purpose or goal for the talk
Often,
the speaker will be asked to select a topic that meets some or all of the following criteria: A specific purpose A time constraint A challenge 0 August 3, 2009
7
SELECTION OF THE TOPIC
Along with choosing a general speech purpose, the speaker must select a topic that is appropriate for the audience taking in view either Personal Interests Current And Controversial Events
Local Issues
August 3, 2009
8
SELECTION OF THE TOPIC
Refine and narrow the topic to appeal to the greatest number of people in your audience
Consider time and research constraints when focusing on a specific topic
What is it that you want your audience to learn, do, reconsider, or agree with?
August 3, 2009
9
AUDIENCE ANALYSIS
August 3, 2009
10
AUDIENCE ANALYSIS
Review your topic in light of the audience’s demographic and psychological profile
How does the topic fit with the audience’s:
Age
Gender
Ethnicity
Political or religious status
Socioeconomic status
August 3, 2009
11
AUDIENCE ANALYSIS
Be aware of the audience background and qualifications
Be aware of the audience extent of knowledge of the topic selected
Keep in mind the potential questions from such an audience
August 3, 2009
12
PREPARATION OF MATERIAL
August 3, 2009
13
PREPARATION OF MATERIAL ACTIVITIES INVOLVED
Create the structure of the speech Introduction Main Body-salient aspects of various points along with supporting material Conclusion Types of Supporting Material Examples Narratives Testimony-by experts in the field Facts and Statistics
August 3, 2009
14
PREPARATION OF MATERIAL ACTIVITIES INVOLVED
Locating Supporting Material
Books, internet, interviews
Organizing and Documenting Source Material Critically Evaluating Sources for authenticity
August 3, 2009
15
SPEECH DELIVERY
August 3, 2009
16
SPEECH DELIVERY QUALITIES OF EFFECTIVE DELIVERY
Effective Delivery is Natural
Effective Delivery is Enthusiastic
Effective Delivery is Confident
Effective Delivery is Direct
August 3, 2009
17
SPEECH DELIVERY ENLISTING THE AUDIENCE Gaining Attention: The First Step Introducing the Purpose and Topic Previewing the Main Points Motivating the Audience to Accept Your Goals
August 3, 2009
18
SPEECH DELIVERY ENLISTING THE AUDIENCE GAINING ATTENTION
Tactics
Use a quotation Pose questions Say something startling Use humor Tell a story
August 3, 2009
Illuminate with images Refer to a recent event or person in the public eye Express interest in the audience
19
SPEECH DELIVERY INTRODUCING THE PURPOSE AND TOPIC
Declare why you are giving the speech What your speech is about and what you hope to accomplish.
August 3, 2009
20
SPEECH DELIVERY PREVIEWING THE MAIN POINTS Helps the audience mentally organize your speech. Helps you keep the audience’s attention.
outline main points and the order in which they will be addressed.
August 3, 2009
21
SPEECH DELIVERY MOTIVATING YOUR AUDIENCE TO ACCEPT YOUR GOALS
Make the Topic Relevant.
connect the topic to the experiences and background of your audience.
Establish Credibility as a Speaker
briefly emphasize some experience, knowledge or perspective you have that is different or more extensive than that of your audience.*
August 3, 2009
22
SPEECH DELIVERY COMMUNICATION CHANNELS
Nonverbal Channels consist of :
aural channel- the speaker’s vocalizations that form and accompany spoken words.
visual channel- the speaker’s physical actions and appearance.
The Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery
Nonverbal Behavior Clarifies Verbal Messages
Nonverbal Behavior Facilitates Feedback
Nonverbal Behavior Helps Establish a Relationship between Speaker and Audience
August 3, 2009
23
SPEECH DELIVERY
The Voice in Delivery
Volume-how loudly or quietly you speak
Pitch-the number of notes we habitually use.womenhigh, men-low
Rate-how fast or slow
Tone-emotional content in the voice
Vocal Variety-achieved by combining pitch,tone, volume and rate.
Pronunciation and Articulation-to express distinctly
August 3, 2009
24
SPEECH DELIVERY
Facial Expressions
Smile and the World Smiles with You It is a sign of mutual welcome at the start of a speech.
Make eye contact
scanning- moving from one listener to another. maintaining eye contact is mandatory for rapport.
August 3, 2009
25
SPEECH DELIVERY
Methods of Delivery
Speaking from a Manuscript Speaking from Memory Speaking Impromptu Speaking Extemporaneously
August 3, 2009
26
SPEECH DELIVERY
Practicing the Delivery
Focus on the Message
Practice Under Realistic Conditions
Try to closely simulate the actual speech setting as you practice.
Practice your speech in front of a live audience.
Does Delivery Really Make a Difference?
Delivery does affect attitude change in persuasive speeches.
Delivery does affect audience comprehension of speeches.
Delivery does affect audience perception of speaker ethos (trustworthiness and character).
August 3, 2009
27
TO SUMMARIZE Know the room-arrive early,see chair,dais placement Know the equipmentVPU,PC,Presenter,Amplifier,Mikes etc. Know the Audience-greet a few when they come Know Your Material-revise the material Learn How to Relax-stress relieving exercises Visualize Yourself Speaking
August 3, 2009
28
TO SUMMARIZE Realize People Want You To Succeed Don't apologize For Being Nervous-the audience probably did not notice it Concentrate on Your Message - not the medium Practice, practice, practice
August 3, 2009
29
THANK YOU
August 3, 2009
30
1
PUBLIC SPEAKING
August 3, 2009
2
SCOPE
FUNCTIONS OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
TYPE OF PRESENTATION/ ACTIVITY
SELECTION OF THE TOPIC
AUDIENCE ANALYSIS
PREPARATION OF MATERIAL
SPEECH DELIVERY
August 3, 2009
3
FUNCTIONS OF A PUBLIC SPEECH
3
Main Functions:
to
inform- to increase the audience’s understanding or awareness of a topic
to
persuade- to effect some change in the audience, by accepting the speaker’s alternate view
to
celebrate or commemorate special occasions
August 3, 2009
4
ACTIVITIES REQUIRING PUBLIC SPEAKING
Prep Talk
Snap Talks
Campaign Study
Syndicate Presentations
Classroom Instructions
August 3, 2009
5
SELECTION OF THE TOPIC
August 3, 2009
6
SELECTION OF THE TOPIC The topic is either given or told to chose If assigned, adapt it to the audience The speaker must decide on a purpose or goal for the talk
Often,
the speaker will be asked to select a topic that meets some or all of the following criteria: A specific purpose A time constraint A challenge 0 August 3, 2009
7
SELECTION OF THE TOPIC
Along with choosing a general speech purpose, the speaker must select a topic that is appropriate for the audience taking in view either Personal Interests Current And Controversial Events
Local Issues
August 3, 2009
8
SELECTION OF THE TOPIC
Refine and narrow the topic to appeal to the greatest number of people in your audience
Consider time and research constraints when focusing on a specific topic
What is it that you want your audience to learn, do, reconsider, or agree with?
August 3, 2009
9
AUDIENCE ANALYSIS
August 3, 2009
10
AUDIENCE ANALYSIS
Review your topic in light of the audience’s demographic and psychological profile
How does the topic fit with the audience’s:
Age
Gender
Ethnicity
Political or religious status
Socioeconomic status
August 3, 2009
11
AUDIENCE ANALYSIS
Be aware of the audience background and qualifications
Be aware of the audience extent of knowledge of the topic selected
Keep in mind the potential questions from such an audience
August 3, 2009
12
PREPARATION OF MATERIAL
August 3, 2009
13
PREPARATION OF MATERIAL ACTIVITIES INVOLVED
Create the structure of the speech Introduction Main Body-salient aspects of various points along with supporting material Conclusion Types of Supporting Material Examples Narratives Testimony-by experts in the field Facts and Statistics
August 3, 2009
14
PREPARATION OF MATERIAL ACTIVITIES INVOLVED
Locating Supporting Material
Books, internet, interviews
Organizing and Documenting Source Material Critically Evaluating Sources for authenticity
August 3, 2009
15
SPEECH DELIVERY
August 3, 2009
16
SPEECH DELIVERY QUALITIES OF EFFECTIVE DELIVERY
Effective Delivery is Natural
Effective Delivery is Enthusiastic
Effective Delivery is Confident
Effective Delivery is Direct
August 3, 2009
17
SPEECH DELIVERY ENLISTING THE AUDIENCE Gaining Attention: The First Step Introducing the Purpose and Topic Previewing the Main Points Motivating the Audience to Accept Your Goals
August 3, 2009
18
SPEECH DELIVERY ENLISTING THE AUDIENCE GAINING ATTENTION
Tactics
Use a quotation Pose questions Say something startling Use humor Tell a story
August 3, 2009
Illuminate with images Refer to a recent event or person in the public eye Express interest in the audience
19
SPEECH DELIVERY INTRODUCING THE PURPOSE AND TOPIC
Declare why you are giving the speech What your speech is about and what you hope to accomplish.
August 3, 2009
20
SPEECH DELIVERY PREVIEWING THE MAIN POINTS Helps the audience mentally organize your speech. Helps you keep the audience’s attention.
outline main points and the order in which they will be addressed.
August 3, 2009
21
SPEECH DELIVERY MOTIVATING YOUR AUDIENCE TO ACCEPT YOUR GOALS
Make the Topic Relevant.
connect the topic to the experiences and background of your audience.
Establish Credibility as a Speaker
briefly emphasize some experience, knowledge or perspective you have that is different or more extensive than that of your audience.*
August 3, 2009
22
SPEECH DELIVERY COMMUNICATION CHANNELS
Nonverbal Channels consist of :
aural channel- the speaker’s vocalizations that form and accompany spoken words.
visual channel- the speaker’s physical actions and appearance.
The Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery
Nonverbal Behavior Clarifies Verbal Messages
Nonverbal Behavior Facilitates Feedback
Nonverbal Behavior Helps Establish a Relationship between Speaker and Audience
August 3, 2009
23
SPEECH DELIVERY
The Voice in Delivery
Volume-how loudly or quietly you speak
Pitch-the number of notes we habitually use.womenhigh, men-low
Rate-how fast or slow
Tone-emotional content in the voice
Vocal Variety-achieved by combining pitch,tone, volume and rate.
Pronunciation and Articulation-to express distinctly
August 3, 2009
24
SPEECH DELIVERY
Facial Expressions
Smile and the World Smiles with You It is a sign of mutual welcome at the start of a speech.
Make eye contact
scanning- moving from one listener to another. maintaining eye contact is mandatory for rapport.
August 3, 2009
25
SPEECH DELIVERY
Methods of Delivery
Speaking from a Manuscript Speaking from Memory Speaking Impromptu Speaking Extemporaneously
August 3, 2009
26
SPEECH DELIVERY
Practicing the Delivery
Focus on the Message
Practice Under Realistic Conditions
Try to closely simulate the actual speech setting as you practice.
Practice your speech in front of a live audience.
Does Delivery Really Make a Difference?
Delivery does affect attitude change in persuasive speeches.
Delivery does affect audience comprehension of speeches.
Delivery does affect audience perception of speaker ethos (trustworthiness and character).
August 3, 2009
27
TO SUMMARIZE Know the room-arrive early,see chair,dais placement Know the equipmentVPU,PC,Presenter,Amplifier,Mikes etc. Know the Audience-greet a few when they come Know Your Material-revise the material Learn How to Relax-stress relieving exercises Visualize Yourself Speaking
August 3, 2009
28
TO SUMMARIZE Realize People Want You To Succeed Don't apologize For Being Nervous-the audience probably did not notice it Concentrate on Your Message - not the medium Practice, practice, practice
August 3, 2009
29
THANK YOU
August 3, 2009
30
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