Public Speaking

PUBLIC SPEAKING Lecture 2

The Power of Public Speaking Making your idea public, sharing them with others, and influence others. Oral skills ranked highest in organizations. To make difference in something you care

Differences Between Public Speaking and Conversation  Public speaking is more highly structured o Time limitation o Detailed planning and preparation

 Public speaking requires more formal language o No slang, jargon, or bad grammar o No negative language towards enemy

 Public speaking requires a different method of delivery o No “like”, “you know”, “uh”, “er”, or “um” as in conversation o Adjust voice clearly

Developing Confidence - Nervousness

Dealing with Nervousness Acquire Speaking Experience Prepare, Prepare, Prepare Think Positively Know That Most Nervousness Is Not Visible Don’t Expect Perfection

Speech Communication Process Speaker Message Channel Listener Feedback Interference Situation

Choosing a Topic Determined by occasion, the audience, and the speaker’s qualification Required to speak on certain topics Topics You Know a Lot About Topics You Want to Know More About

Determine the Purpose General Purpose o To inform o To persuade

Specific Purpose o To inform my audience about the benefits of music therapy o To persuade my audience to accept the music therapy

Analyzing the Audience Ask questions o To whom am I speaking? o What do I want them to know/believe? o What is the most effective way to accomplish that aim?

Your classmates as an audience The psychology of audiences

Demographic Audience Analysis Age Gender Racial, Ethnic, and Cultural background Religion

Getting Information About the Audience

Interviewing Questionnaires

Using Language Pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary Must be a common understanding (between countries/race/background) Using Language Clearly (Use Familiar Words)

Delivery Good delivery conveys: o Speaker’s ideas clearly and interestingly o Without distracting the audience

Audiences prefer: o Combine formality and, lively communication, and good conversation (directness, naturalness, animation, vocal, and facial expression)

Methods of Delivery

Reading from Manuscript Reciting from Memory Speaking Impromptu

The Speaker’s Body

Personal appearance Movement / Gestures Eye contact

Practicing Delivery Go through your preparation outline Prepare your speaking outline Practice your speech aloud several times using the speaking outline Polish and refine your delivery Full dress rehearsal to the actual audience

Answering Audience Questions Preparing for the Q&A session o Formulate answers to possible questions o Practice the delivery of your answers

Managing the Q&A session o o o o o o

Clarify the format Approach questions with a positive attitude Listen carefully Direct answers to the entire audience Be honest and straightforward Stay on track

Using PowerPoint Helps to communicate ideas 94% professional speakers used PowerPoint Do not allow PowerPoint to dominate your presentation Do not use PowerPoint to illustrate every point of your talk (the speaker is virtually reading the speech)

Speaking to Inform A speech designed to convey knowledge and understanding Types: o Speeches about objects o Speeches about processes o Speeches about events o Speeches about concepts

Speaking to Persuade Persuasion is the process of creating, reinforcing, or changing people’s beliefs or actions The psychology of persuasion: o The challenge of persuasive speaking o How listeners process persuasive messages o The target audience

THE END