Present Perfect

Present Perfect Form and Use

Present Perfect: Introduction Read the sentences:      

I have climbed the highest mountain. She hasn’t spoken with the tongue of angels. He has scaled these city walls. Has he held the hand of a devil? It has not run through the fields. Have we found what we are looking for?

Affirmative  

I have climbed the highest mountain. He has scaled these city walls. Negative

 

⇒ Which are affirmative, negative and interrogative?

She hasn’t spoken with the tongue of angels. It has not run through the fields. Interrogative

 

Has he held the hand of a devil? Have we found what we are looking for?

Present Perfect: FORM Affirmative

I have climbed the highest mountain. subject + auxiliary verb have + main verb in the past participle Negative

I have not climbed the highest mountain. subject + auxiliary verb have + not + main verb in the past participle Interrogative

Have I climbed the highest mountains. auxiliary verb have + subject + + main verb in the past participle

Present Perfect: USE ⇒ We

 an

use the Present Perfect to talk about:

action that took place in the past but we don’t know when  past activities with consequences in the present  situations that started in the past and continue up till now

Time Markers ⇒ We

usually use these time markers with the present perfect:

 Just,

yet (negatives and interrogatives), already, for, since, ever, never, so far, recently, lately, always, how long