Pratiyogita Darpan - Apr 2008

f^; ikBd`ks`! vkid`h ¥ksd`fiz; ,oa lokZxzx≥; if(d`k ‘^fr;ksfxrk niZ.’ d`k v^S¥ vad` vkids` le” ^Lrqr d`jrs geÍ g"Z ,oa lUrks" d`k vuqHo gks jgk gS\ ^Lrqr vad` d`ks vU; vad`kÍ d`h Hk∑fr ijh”ksi;ksxh lkexzh ls ifjiw.Z d`jus ds` geus iz;kl fd`, gß] tks vkids` f¥, ¥kHizn gkÍxs\ Hkjrh; lafo|ku ,oa jktO;oLƒk ij vkxkeh la? ,oa jkT; ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx d`h flfo¥ lsok ·^k\‚ ijh”k gsrq foæs" lkexzh bl vad` d`h foæs"rk gS\ fofHUu ^fr;ksxh ijh”kvkÍ eÍ ¥kHizn gksus d`h n~fÆV ls bl vad` eÍ vusd` egRoiw.Z fucU|kÍ d`k fo'¥s".kRed` v÷;;u d`jk;k x;k gS\ bueÍ ls dq`N ¥s[ bl izd`kj gß%phu-ikfd`Lrku ds` lUnHZ eÍ Hkjrh; lqj”k uhfr] E;kaekj # ¥ksd`ra( ds` f¥, la?"ZjrΩ ,d` nsæ] d~`"d` vkRegR;k # d`kj. vkSj fuokj. vkfn\ if(d`k ds` lokZf|d` egRoiw.Z Hkx eÍ fofHUu ^fr;ksxh ijh”kvkÍ ds` p;fur g¥ ^'u-i( vko';d` O;k“;k ,oa lads`rkÍ ds` lkƒ fn, x, gß\ bueÍ ls dq`N ^'u-i( bl izd`kj gß% oLrqfuÆB lkekU; Kku%,l\,l\lh\ lsUV_¥ iqf¥l laxBu lc-baLisDVj ijh”k] 2007, ,l\ ,l\ lh\ VSDl vflLVÍV ijh”k] 2007, bXuw ch\ ,M\ ^osæ ijh”k] 2007\ ,sfPNd` fo"; # ¥ksd` ^æklu%N®hlxÈ< ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ·^k\‚ ijh”k] 2005\ vƒZækL(%m®j iznsæ ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ·izk\‚ ijh”k] 2007. okf.T;%m®j iznsæ ih\th\Vh\ ijh{kk] 2006. rdZ`æfDr ijh”k%cßd` vkWœ` egkjkÆV_ ·ih\vks\‚ ijh{kk] 2007, m®jk[≥M xzkeh. cßd` vkWœ`hllZ ijh”k] 2007\ la“;kRed` vfH;ksX;rk%b¥kgkckn cßd` ·ih\vks\‚ ijh{kk] 2007. fd`lh Hh ”s( eÍ okafNr lœ`¥rk izkIr d`jus ds` f¥, |S;Z ,oa v÷;olk; nks egRoiw.Z o~f®;k∑ gß\ izR;sd` d`k;Z ds` f¥, lœ`¥rk-vlœ`¥rk nks ig¥w gksrs gß\ vlœ`¥ gksus ij fujkæk d`ks vius ˜ij gkoh u gksus nÍ] ojuΩ mRlkg ls vkxs iz;kl tkjh j[us d`k lad`Yi ¥Í\ rnuqÔi fuÆBkiwoZd` iz;Ru d`jÍ\ ;g rF; vuqHoxr gS fd` tks izR;kæh chp eÍ gh bl ;k(k d`ks ugÓ NksÈMrs og vUrr# lœ`¥ gks gh tkrs gß\ vr# lœ`¥rk d`h vkæk eÍ iz;kl tkjh j[Í\ vkid`h bl izfr;ksfxrk-;k(k eÍ izfr;ksfxrk niZ. lnSo vkids` lkƒ gS%,d` lgh iƒ-^næZd` ,oa vuU; fe( d`h Hk∑fr\ fu;fer Ôi ls le>nkjh ds` lkƒ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. ifÈ<,\ ;g vkid`ks vHhÆV lœ`¥rk fn¥kus ,oa vkids` mTTo¥ HfoÆ; d`k fuekZ. d`jus eÍ iw.Zr# l”e gS\ vkid`h lœ`¥rk ,oa mTTo¥ HfoÆ; d`h gkfnZd` æqHd`keukvkÍ lfgr] egsUê tSu ·lEiknd`‚

2008 ekpZ%,\,œ`\,e\lh\ iq.s ch\,l\lh\ ·uflÛx‚/lkekU; uflÛx vkSj feMokbœ`jh ·th\,u\,e\‚ ikBΩ;dz`e ijh{kk–2008 16 ekpZ%fot;k cßd` izkscsæujh D¥dZ` HrhZ ijh{kk 16 ekpZ%vksfj,aV¥ cßd` vkWœ` d`kWelZ eÍ izkscsæujh vf|d`kfj;kÍ d`h HrhZ ijh{kk 30 ekpZ%,l\,l\lh\ ·eSfV_d` Lrj‚ la;qDr izkjfEHd` ijh”k–2008 30 ekpZ%‘ukckMZ’ xzkeh. fod`kl c߯d`x lsok eÍ lgk;d` ^cU|d` xzsM-A d`h fjfDr;k∑ 30 ekpZ%e÷; ^nsæ v|huLƒ ¥s[k lsok laoxZ ·vjktif(r in ,oa chek rƒk Lƒkuh; fuf| laijh”k ·T;sÆB laijh”d`‚ p;u ijh”k–2007 30 ekpZ%N®hlxÈ< fæ{kkd`ehZ HrhZ ijh{kk ·oxZ 1, 2 ,oa 3‚ 6 v^S¥%lhch,lbZ }kjk vk;ksftr vf[¥ Hkjrh; izh-esMhd`¥ ,oa izh-MÍV¥ izkjfEHd` ijh”k–2008 6 v^S¥%e\ ^\ iqf¥l lc-baLisDVj ijh”k–2007 13 v^S¥%vkbZ\ vkbZ\ Vh\ la;qDr izosæ ijh”k–2008 13 v^S¥%jktLƒku Nk(kokl v|h{kd` izfr;ksxh ijh”k–2007 13 v^S¥%N®hlxÈ< iqf¥l d`k∑LVsfc¥ ·tuj¥ MΩ;wVh‚ ijh{kk 19-20 v^S¥%jkT; ^os'k ijh{kk–2008 ·UPTU ¥[u˜‚ 20 v^S¥%jktLFkku xzke lsod` lh|h HrhZ ijh”k ·vfUre frfƒ%5 vizS¥] 2008‚ 20 v^S¥%jkÆV_h; j”k vd`kneh ,oa ukSlsuk vd`kneh ijh”k (I), 2008 20 v^S¥%egkRek xka|h baLVhVΩ;wV] o|kZ ,e\ch\ch\,l\ ikBΩ;∂`e izosæ ijh{kk 27 v^S¥%lh\ch\,l\bZ\ vf[¥ Hkjrh; bathfu;¯jx ^osæ ijh”k (AIEEE)–2008 27 v^S¥%d`eZpkjh p;u vk;ksx twfu;j bathfu;j ·flfo¥ ,oa b¥sfDV_d`¥‚ ijh”k–2008 27 v^S¥%LVsV cßd` vkWœ` bf≥M;k ·ih\vks\‚ ijh{kk 27–29 v^S¥%m\ ^\ ikWf¥VsfDud` la;qDr ^osæ ijh”k–2008 4 ebZ%,\,œ`\,e\lh\ eÍ ,e\ch\ch\,l\ ikBΩ;dz`e eÍ izosæ gsrq izosæ ijh{kk

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1542

4 ebZ–6 ebZ%m®jk[≥M ikWf¥VsfDuDl la;qDr ^os'k ijh{kk] 2008 7 ebZ%cukjl fgUnw fo'ofo»k¥; ,e\ch\ch\,l\ ·L∂`h¯ux VsLV‚–2008 10 ebZ%vkW¥ bf≥M;k ^h-osVfjujh VsLV–2008 11 ebZ%jkÆV_h; izfrHk [kst ijh”k ·f}rh; pj.‚ 11 ebZ%lhch,lbZ }kjk vk;ksftr vf[¥ Hkjrh; izh-esMhd`¥ eq“; ijh”k–2008 11 ebZ%bf≥M;u vksojlht cßd` D¥dZ` HrhZ ijh{kk 12 ebZ%ds`Unzh; fo»k¥; laxBu ih\th\Vh\ HrhZ ijh{kk 13 ebZ%ds`Unzh; fo»k¥; laxBu Vh\th\Vh\ HrhZ ijh{kk 14 ebZ%ds`Unzh; fo»k¥; laxBu ^kbejh Vhpj HrhZ ijh{kk 14 ebZ%m®j ^ns'k d`Eckb≥M ^h-esMhd`¥ VsLV–2008 15 ebZ%NÂkhlxÈ< gkbZd`ksVZ U;kf;d` lsok ·izk\‚ ijh{kk–2008 18 ebZ%flfo¥ lsok ·izkjfEHd`‚ ijh{kk–2008 25 ebZ % ,l\,l\lh\ v|huLFk lka f “;d`h; ls o k ·lka f “;d`h; vUos " d`‚ xz s M IV ijh”k–2008 ebZ%mÂkj iznsæ izfrmifo»k¥; fujh{kd`/eq“; lsfod`k ijh{kk–2006 25 ebZ%¥[u˜ {ks(h; xzkeh. cßd` eÍ vf|d`kfj;kÍ rFkk f¥fid`h; laoxZ HrhZ ijh{kk ·vfUre frfƒ%31 ekpZ] 2008‚ 25 ebZ%cßd` vkWœ` egkjkÆV_ izkscsæujh vkWfœ`llZ HrhZ ijh{kk ·vfUre frfƒ%24 ekpZ] 2008‚ 15 twu%ch\,p\;w\ih\,e\Vh\ (Mains)–2008 15 twu%ch\,l\,u\,¥\ eÍ xzstq,V bathfu;j twfu;j Vs¥hd`kWe vkWfœ`llZ HrhZ ijh{kk ·vfUre frfƒ%23 ekpZ] 2008‚ 22 twu%lh\,l\vkbZ\vkj\-;wthlh twfu;j fjlpZ œS`¥ksfæi ,oa O;k“;krk ijh{kk 12 tq¥kbZ%Hkjrh; ou lsok ijh{kk–2008 flrEcj%m®j iznsæ eÍ lgk;d` vfH;kstu vf|d`kjh ·izk\‚ ijh{kk–2007

o"Z 1545 1546 1552 1555 1560 1564 1567 1571 1581 1584 1589 1591 1595 1597 1600

1615 1617 1619 1620 1622 1625 1628 1630

30

uoeΩ vad

lEiknd`h; jkÆV_h; ?Vukdz`e vkfFkZd` leh{kk 2007-08 eÍ Î`f"] m»ksx] O;kikj vkfn d`h fLFkfr d`k foospu ds`Unzh; ctV 2008-09 js¥ ctV 2008-09 eÍ lHh oxksÛ d`ks jkgrÍ vkfFkZd`-okf.fT;d` ifjn~'; vUrjkZÆV_h; ?Vukdz`e uohure lkekU; Kku [s¥dw`n jkT; lekpkj jkstxkj lekpkj vuq^sjd` ;qok izfrHk,a Lej.h; rF; fo'o ifjn~'; Hkjrh; lafo|ku ,oa jktO;oLFkk%vkxkeh la? ,oa jkT; ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx d`h flfo¥ lsok ·izk\‚ ijh{kk gsrq foæs" lkexzh vkfƒZd` ¥s[%(i) ekuo iw∑th fod`kl ls ˜∑ps vkfFkZd` ,oa lkekftd` fgr ¥kH d`h izkfIr (ii) foæs" vkfFkZd` {ks( d`h izklafxd`rk dS`fj;j ¥s[%(i) flfo¥ lsok ijh{kk eÍ pkfg, vfoHkftr psruk (ii) la? ¥ksd` lsok ,oa izkarh; ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ijh{kk gsrq ekuoækL( d`h rS;kjh lelkef;d` ¥s[%D;ksVks ls ck¥h rd` t¥ok;q d`k lœ`j vUrjkZÆV_h; ¥s[%phu-ikfd`Lrku ds` lUnHZ eÍ Hkjrh; lqj{kk uhfr lkef;d` ¥s[%E;kaekj # ¥ksd`ra( ds` f¥, la?"ZjrΩ ,d` nsæ izfrj{kk ¥s[%felkb¥-jks|h lqj{kk d`op

1632

vizS¥

2008

1691

lelkef;d` ¥s[%Î`"d` vkRegR;k # d`kj. vkSj fuokj. foKku ¥s[%Hkjr eÍ Hw-rkih; ˜tkZ lzksrkÍ d`k fod`kl lkj laxzg oLrqfuÆB lkekU; Kku%(i) ,l\,l\lh\ lsUV_¥ iqf¥l laxBu lc-baLisDVj ijh”k] 16-12-2007 (ii) ,l\,l\lh\ VSDl vflLVs≥V ijh”k] 25-11-2007 (iii) bXuw ch\,M\ izosæ ijh”k] 2007 m»ksx O;kikj txrΩ ,sfPNd` fo";%(i) ¥ksd` izæklu%NÂkhlxÈ< ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ·^k\‚ ijh”k] 2005 (ii) vFkZækL(%mÂkj iznsæ ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ·^k\‚ ijh”k] 30-9-2007 (iii) okf.T;%m®j iznsæ ih\th\Vh\ ijh”k] 3-9-2006 fofo| tkud`kjh%(i) miHksDrk eke¥s] [k» ,oa lkoZtfud` forj. {ks( eÍ izxfr%flagko¥ksd`u rdZ`æfDr ijh”k%(i) cßd` vkWœ` egkjkÆV_ ·ih\vks\‚ ijh”k] 4-11-2007 (ii) mÂkjk[≥M xzkeh. cßd` vkWœ`hllZ ijh”k] 9-12-

1696

la“;kRed` vfH;ksX;rk%b¥kgkckn cßd` ·ih\vks\‚ ijh{kk]

1702

D;k vki tkurs gß`= viuk Kku cÈ
1636 1638 1642 1646 1651 1664 1666 1673 1680 1683 1685

1703 1704 1705 1707 1709

2007

30-9-2007

1711 English Language–Allahabad Bank (P.O.) Exam., 30-9-2007

izfr;ksfxrk niZ. eÍ izd`kfær fd`lh Hh lkexzh vFkok fp( ds` f¥, lEiknd` d`h lgefr gksuk vko';d` ugÓ gS\ %lEiknd`

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1543

pUns d`h njÍ

✫ d`ksbZ lk”h bruk fod`V vkSj d`ksbZ vfH;ksDrk bruk æfDræk¥h ugÓ gS ftruk fd` viuk gh vUr#d`j.\ %lksœ`ksD¥ht izfr;ksfxrk niZ. ✫ ∂`ks| ds` ¯lgkluklhu gksus ij cqf* ogk∑ ls f[ld` tkrh gS\ %,e\ gsujh ewY; :\ 45·00 ✫ vid`hfrZ n≥M eÍ ugÓ] vfirq vijk| eÍ gS\ %,¥fœ`jh ,d` izfr ✫ vÎ`rKrk gh euqÆ;Ro d`k fo" gS\ %lj ih\ flMuh okf"Zd` ewY; # lk|kj. Mkd` ls :\ 420·00 ✫ pÓVh ls cÈ
f}okf"Zd` ewY; # lk|kj. Mkd` ls :\ 490·00 jftLVMZ Mkd` ls :\ 940·00 ● Î`i;k viuk lnL;rk–æqYd` euhvkWMZj

vFkok cßd` M_kŒV }kjk gh izsf"r d`jÍ\ pSd` Lohd`kj ugÓ gkÍxs\ D;k vki jkT; ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ijh{kk] ,l\ ,l\ lh\ la;qDr ijh{kk] ● vius LiÆV irs ds` lkFk ;g Hh lwfpr cßfd`ax lsok ijh{kk] Hkjrh; thou chek fuxe-iz'kklfud` vf|d`kjh ijh{kk] d`jÍ fd` vki fd`l ekg ls fd`l ekg rd` ou lsok ijh{kk] mi-fujh{kd` iqf¥l ,oa fgUnh vuqoknd`] ,e\ ch\ ,\] lh\ ds` f¥, xzkgd` cu jgs gß\ ih\,e\Vh\] lh\ch\,l\bZ\] ch\,M\ izosæ ijh{kk] js¥os vkfn ijh{kkvkÍ eÍ lfEef¥r ● iqjkus xzkgd` Î`i;k viuh xzkgd` la“;k gks jgs gß= ;fn gk∑] rks vki ,d` vkd`"Zd` iqjLd`kj izkIr d`j ld`rs gß\ d`k mY¥s[ vo'; d`jÍ\ vkid`ks d`juk flœZ` bruk gS fd` oLrqfuÆB iz'u–i(kÍ eÍ iwNs x, iz'u vki ● euhvkWMZj vFkok cßd M_kŒV ‘izfr;ksfxrk viuh Le~fr ds` vk|kj ij cgqoSd`fYid` iz'ukÍ lfgr geÍ f¥[d`j fHtok nÍ\ niZ.’ ds` uke ls gh Lohd`kj fd`, tk,axs\

ge lHh izfofÆV;kÍ d`ks izfr;ksfxrk eÍ 'kkfe¥ d`jÍxs vkSj lokZf|d` lgh iz'u Hstus ok¥s d`ks iqjLÎ`r d`jÍxs\

vkWMZj œ`keZ

iqjLd`kj

eß izfr;ksfxrk niZ./lkekU; Kku niZ.

(i)

lokZf|d` lgh iz'u Hstus ij izFke rhu d`ks ∂`e'k# 200, 100 o 60 :\ ·fgUnh ekfld`‚ d`k okf"Zd`/f}okf"Zd` fu;fer xzkgd` cuuk pkgrk gw∑/pkgrh gw∑] Î`i;k iqjLd`kj LoÔi fn, tk,axs\ esjh izfr eq>s fuEukafd`r irs ij izsf"r d`jus (ii) 75% iz'u ls d`e ij d`ksbZ iqjLd`kj ns; ugÓ gksxk\ d`h Î`ik d`jÍ\

Lej. izfr;ksfxrk izfr;ksfxrk niZ. 2/11 ,] Lons'kh chek uxj] vkxjk-2

(2) fucU| ds` lkFk izfr;ksxh viuk ikliksVZ vkd`kj d`k Nk;kfp( HstÍ\ izFke vfUre frfFk%28 vizS¥] 2008 rhu fucU|kÍ ij ge ∂`e'k# 500, 400 o 250 :i, ewY; d`h mid`kj izd`k'ku 'kCn la“;k%¥xHx 2000 'kCn\ }kjk izd`kf'kr iqLrdÍ` o izek.-i( (1) fucU| d`kxt ds` ,d` vksj gh iqjLd`kj ds` Ôi eÍ nÍxs\ vU; vuq'kaflr fucU|kÍ d`ks vkd`"Zd` izek.-i( o if(d`k Vafd`r vFkok Lo-gLrf¥f[r gksuk pkfg,\ d`h ,d` izfr iqjLd`kj ds` Ôi eÍ nÍxs\

fo";%oS'ohd`j. eÍ d`EI;wVj d`h Hwfed`k

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1544

uke irk fiu eß\\\\\\\\ :\ euhvkWMZj/cßd` M_kŒV }kjk izsf"r d`j jgk gw∑/jgh gw∑\ fnukad` izs"d` d`k uke

izfr;ksfxrk niZ. 2/11

,] Lonsæh chek uxj] vkxjk%282 002

-   

 txrΩ d`h l~fÆV d`k d`kj. cqf*xE; ugÓ gS\ ds`o¥ ;g d`gd`j larks" d`juk iÈMrk gS fd` ew¥ bd`kbZ] cz© ds` fpÂk eÍ {kksH gqvk% ,d`ksÒ© cgqL;ke%eß ,d` vusd` gks tk˜∑ vkSj txrΩ vFkok l~fÆV d`h mRifÂk gks xbZ] ijUrq cz© ds` fufoZd`kj fu'p¥ ≤n; eÍ mDr bPNk Ôih {kksH D;kÍ vkSj D;kÍ d`j mRiUu gqvk= bl iz'u d`k mÂkj ds`o¥ bl izd`kj fn;k tk ld`rk gS fd` xfr fo'o d`k fu;e ,oa mld`h vfuok;Z izf∂`;k gS rFkk l~tu thou d`h vko';d`rk gS\ ¥ksd`-O;ogkj eÍ ix-ix ij jpukRed` vFkok l~tukRed` fopkj] opu ,oa d`eZ d`h ek∑x gksrh gS\ ;gk∑ rd` fd` fojks|ew¥d` vk¥kspuk Hh jpukRed` d`kE; gksrh gS\ gels vkæk d`h tkrh gS fd` fd`lh i*fr vFkok O;oLFkk d`k fojks| d`jus ds` ig¥s geÍ mld`k fod`Yi rS;kj d`j ¥suk pkfg,\ ge ;fn fd`lh O;fDr d`k fojks| d`jrs gß] rc Hh ;g vis{kk d`h tkrh gS fd` ge fod`Yi LoÔi mld`ks ,slk ekxZ crk,axs] ftl ij p¥d`j og viuk d`Y;k. d`j lds`\ folaxfr;kÍ ds` orZeku ;qx eÍ Hh O;fDr ls l~tu|feZrk d`h vis{kk d`h tkrh gS\ og uo-fuekZ. u d`js] ijUrq bruk vo'; d`js] fd` lEidZ` eÍ vkus ok¥h oLrq ,oa txg d`ks NksÈMus ds` ig¥s mld`ks ml Ôi d`h vis{kk vf|d` vPNk cuk ns] ftl Ôi eÍ mlus ml oLrq vFkok LFkku d`ks izkIr fd`;k Fkk\ tks O;fDr ,slk ugÓ d`jrk gS] og u viuk H¥k d`j ld`rk gS vkSj u lekt ds` fd`lh d`ke d`k jg tkrk gS\ O;FkZ d`h oLrq le>d`j lekt mld`h mis{kk d`j nsrk gS\ ;g vko';d` ugÓ gS fd` l~tu d`k ¥{; d`ksbZ egkuΩ Î`fr gh gks\ gekjs lkeus ,sls mnkgj. ekStwn gß] tc ek( ,d` jpuk d`k iz.;u d`jds` jpukd`kj vej gks x, gß\ geÍ le> ¥suk pkfg, fd` fgek¥; d`k fuekZ. ,d` fnu eÍ ugÓ gqvk gS\ l~tu ds` ,d`-,d` ijek.q us ;qx-;qxhu iz;RukÍ }kjk bld`h iqfÆV d`h gS\ leLr izkf.-txrΩ%ouLifr] tUrq ,oa ekuo eÍ nks ekSf¥d` o~fÂk;k∑ (Instincts)– iztuu ,oa vkRej{kk d`h ekSf¥d` o~fÂk;k∑% leku Ôi ls ikbZ tkrh gß\ viuh ijEijk d`h o~f* ,oa mld`h lqj{kk thou vkSj thoarrk d`h igpku gß\ euksfo'¥s". ækL( ds` vxz.h iqjks|k flxe≥M ≠`k;M us rks nkEiR; izse (Sex or Mating instinct) d`ks izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1545

thou d`h loZxzklh ,oa loksZifj ekSf¥d` o~fÂk ekud`j izd`kjkUrj ls iztuu d`ks thou ds` d`k;Zd`¥kikÍ eÍ æh"Z LFkku ij izfrfÆBr d`j fn;k gS\ ;fn l~tu u gks rks leLr ouLifr txrΩ] tho txrΩ ,oa tho fuÆæs" gks tk,\ blh d`kj. œw`¥-œ`¥ iznku d`jus ok¥s gh ¥rk-xqYe fiz; gksrs gß\ bl xq. ls jfgr gksus ij mUgÍ >kÈM] >ad`kÈM] [jirokj vkfn d`gd`j m[kÈMd`j œÍ`d` fn;k tkrk gS\ BY¥ iæq d`ks d`ksbZ vius ikl ugÓ j[uk pkgrk gS\ cU÷;k ukjh vkSj ˜lj Hwfe fd`ld`ks vPNh ¥xrh gß= larku mRiUu d`jds` ijEijk d`ks vxzlj d`juk fir~-)`. ls m)`. gksuk crk;k x;k gS\ ¥kSfd`d` n~fÆV ls larkughu gksuk ,d` vfHæki ekuk tkrk gS\ Jhjke ouxeu ds` lUnHZ eÍ okYehfd` ds` Hjr vius d`ks funksZ" fl* d`jus ds` f¥, ;g d`le [krs gß fd`% ekÒÒReu# larfr nzk{khrΩ Los"q nkjs"q nq#f[r# ‰ vk;q# lexzeizkI; ;L;k;ksZÒuq ers xr# ‰ ·v;ks÷;k d`kaM 57/36‚

vFkkZrΩ ftld`h lEefr ls esjs cÈMs HkbZ Jhjke ou d`ks x, gkÍ] og lnk nq#[h jgd`j viuh |eZ iRuh ls gksus ok¥h larku d`k eq∑g u ns[s rFkk lEiw.Z vk;q d`k miHksx fd`, fcuk gh ej tk,\ izkf. txrΩ d`k oSKkfud` v÷;;u ;g rF; mtkxj d`jrk gS fd` leLr izkf.;kÍ eÍ vUrfuZfgr æfDr ;k ˜tkZ iztuu ,oa vkRej{kk%bu nks ekSf¥d` o~fÂk;kÍ d`h lUrqfÆV eÍ fuÆæs" gks tkrh gS\ ds`o¥ euqÆ; ,slk izk.h gS tks bu nksukÍ ekSf¥d` o~fÂk;kÍ ds` fuokZg ds` mijkar Hh vfrfjDr æfDr ,oa ˜tkZ d`k |uh cuk jgrk gS\ ;g vofæÆV ˜tkZ ekuo d`ks vfrfjDr lkeF;Z iznku d`jrh gS vkSj mlds` lEeq[ iw.Z ekuo cuus d`k ekxZ izæLr d`jrh gS\ bl lkeF;Z d`ks ge jpukRed` vFkok d`kjf;(h izfrHk (Genius) d`grs gß\ euksfoKku ds` euh"h bls lkSUn;kZuqHwfr (Aesthetic sense) d`grs gß\ bl vfrfjDr ˜tkZ izlwr izfrHk }kjk ekuo vius mRFkku ,oa fod`kl d`k fo|ku d`jrk gS\ blh ds` }kjk og d`¥kÎ`fr;kÍ d`k l~tu] d`kO;Î`fr;kÍ d`k iz.;u] oSKkfud` æks| ,oa vkfoÆd`kj rFkk vU;kU; v˙;qn; gsrqd` ,oa d`Y;k.d`kjh d`k;Z d`jus eÍ leFkZ gksrk gS\ iztuu ,oa vkRej{kk d`h ekSf¥d` o~fÂk;kÍ ds` fuokZg eÍ la;e }kjk og viuh mDr

lkeF;Z eÍ o~f* d`j ld`rk gS\ Hkjr ds` vk"Z )`f";kÍ us ¥ksd`-O;ogkjkFkZ iz.hr vkpkjlafgrkvkÍ d`k fo|ku blhf¥, fd`;k gS fd` euqÆ; lq[ksiHksx eÍ ds`o¥ mruh gh ˜tkZ O;; d`js ftruh thou-fuokZg ,oa ¥kSfd`d` O;ogkj d`h n~fÆV ls vfuok;Z gS\ ;ksx] ÷;ku] lk|uk vkfn ds` leLr fo|ku mDr ˜tkZ ds` lap;u ,oa mlds` l~tukRed` mi;ksxkFkZ gh LFkkfir fd`, x, gß\ bl lUnHZ eÍ ;g Hh bafxr fd`;k x;k gS fd` mi;ksxh xzaFk ds` l~tu }kjk Kku d`h ijEijk d`ks vxzlj d`jds` ekuo d`ks )`f"-)`. ls m)`. gksus d`k iz;Ru d`juk pkfg,\ xzaFk d`k ¥{;kFkZ lekt ds` d`Y;k.kFkZ jfpr Î`fr gS\ e~R;q-H; ls eqfDr izkIr d`jus d`k lj¥re mik; ;gh gS fd` O;fDr tUe ds` lkFk ftu )`.kÍ d`k Hkj
m®jkf|d`kj vf|fu;e eÍ laæks|ukÍ ds` lq>ko fn, x, gß\ m®jkf|d`kj vf|fu;e eÍ laæks|ukÍ ds` lq>ko tgk∑ 204oÓ fjiksVZ eÍ gS] ogÓ ck¥ fookg lEcU|h lq>ko 205 oÓ fjiksVZ eÍ fn, x, gß\ viuh bl fjiksVZ eÍ fof|-vk;ksx us ¥ÈMd`kÍ ds` fookg gsrq U;wure vk;q 21 o"Z ls ?Vkd`j 18 o"Z d`jus d`k lq>ko fn;k gS\ ¥ÈMfd`;kÍ ds` f¥, fookg gsrq U;wure vk;q ig¥s gh 18 o"Z fu|kZfjr gS\ bl eke¥s eÍ vk;ksx d`k ekuuk gS fd` ¥ÈMds` o ¥ÈMd`h d`h æknh d`h mez eÍ vUrj j[us d`k d`ksbZ rkfdZ`d` vk|kj ugÓ gS\ fjiksVZ eÍ 16 o"Z ls d`e mez eÍ fd`, x, fookg d`ks vekU; (Void) d`jus d`ks d`gk x;k gS rƒk 16 o"Z ls d`e mez d`h ¥ÈMd`h pkgs og fookfgr gS ;k vfookfgr] ds` lkƒ ;kSu lEcU| d`ks n≥Muh; cukus d`ks d`gk x;k gS\ lHh |eksÛ ,oa leqnk;kÍ eÍ fookg ds` lHh eke¥kÍ d`k iathd`j. vfuok;Z d`jus d`ks Hh vk;ksx us d`gk gS\ m®jkf|d`kj d`kuwu eÍ laæks|u ds` f¥, lq>ko nsrs gq, vk;ksx us viuh 204oÓ fjiksVZ eÍ d`gk gS fd` fcuk olh;r f¥[s ftu larkukÍ d`h e~R;q gks tkrh gS] mud`h lEif® eÍ ls fgLls ds` f¥, firk d`ks Hh izkƒfed`rk ok¥s m®jkf|d`kjh ekuuk pkfg,\ ekStwnk d`kuwu eÍ fd`lh lEif®|kjd` d`h e~R;q gksus ij izkƒfed`rk ok¥s m®jkf|d`kfj;kÍ eÍ lEif®|kjd` d`h fo|ok ds` vfrfjDr iq(] iq(h o ek∑ d`ks gh ækfe¥ fd`;k x;k gS rƒk firk d`k uke nwljh Js.h ds` m®jkf|d`kfj;kÍ d`h lwph eÍ ækfe¥ gS\ fjiksVZ eÍ d`gk x;k gS fd` lEif®|kjd` d`h e~R;q ds` ckn ;fn ekrk-firk nksukÍ thfor gkÍ] rks nksukÍ d`ks ,d` lkƒ lEif® d`k ,d` fgLlk fn;k tkuk pkfg,\ d`kuwu eÍ lq>k, x, bl laæks|u ls mu o~* ekrkfirk d`ks d`kuwuh laj{k. fe¥sxk] ftuds` cPpkÍ d`h ekSr gks tkus ds` ckn fj'rsnkj mUgÍ njfd`ukj d`j nsrs gß\ U;k;ewfrZ ¥{e.u us d`gk ‘firk d`ks izƒe Js.h ds` m®jkf|d`kjh d`k ntkZ nsus d`k lq>ko nsus ds` ihNs o~*kÍ ds` fgrkÍ d`h j{kk d`juk gS\ bld`k lcls vf|d` ¥kH fo|qj firkvkÍ d`ks gksxk tks lUrku d`h lEif® ds` forj. d`h fLƒfr eÍ nwljh izkƒfed`rk lwph eÍ vkrs gß\ blls lUrku d`h lEif® eÍ fo|qjkÍ d`ks fgLlk fe¥us d`h lEHkouk d`kœ`h d`e gks tkrh gS\ ,sls eÍ e~r iq( d`h iRuh] iq( rƒk iqf(;kÍ ds` thfor gksus d`h fLƒfr eÍ ekStwnk d`kuwu fo|qj firkvkÍ d`ks lEif® ij nkok d`jus d`k gd` ugÓ nsrk\ blh ifjizs{; eÍ fof|-vk;ksx d`h fjiksVZ eÍ vc izƒe Js.h m®jkf|d`kj lwph eÍ firk d`ks ækfe¥ d`jus d`h flœ`kfjæ d`h xbZ gS\ lkƒ gh bleÍ dq`N vkSj laæks|ukÍ d`h ckr d`gh xbZ gS] ftlls bls vkSj lj¥ cuk;k tk lds`\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1547/2

vk;ksx d`h bl fjiksVZ d`k mˆs'; fgUnw m®jkf|d`kj d`kuwu 1956 d`ks lj¥ cukuk gS vkSj olh;r ds` vHko eÍ e~r O;fDr d`h lEif® d`ks fofHUu d`kuwuh gd`nkjkÍ ds` chp mfpr Ôi ls forfjr d`juk gS\

xgjkrk tk jgk gS\ fgUnwoknh laxBukÍ ds` lkƒ-lkƒ i;kZoj.okfn;kÍ d`h vk¥kspukvkÍ d`h fæd`kj bl egRokd`ka{kh ifj;kstuk ds` izfr Hkjrh; rVj{kd` n¥ o ukSlsuk us Hh fpUrk trkbZ gS\ rVj{kd` c¥ (Coast Guard) ds` egkfunsæd` okbl ,Mfej¥ fMTuh¥S≥M d`k nsæh laLd`j. Ôlh d`kÍV_sDVj us bl ifj;kstuk d`ks nsæ vIiw ?j cUn loksZPp U;k;k¥; ds` vknsæ ds` p¥rs d`h lqj{kk ds` f¥, tgk∑ fpUrktud` crk;k fnY¥h d`k izfl* euksjatu ikdZ` ‘vIiw ?j’ gS] ogÓ ukSlsuk ds` iwoZ izeq[ ,Mfej¥ 18 œ`jojh] 2008 ls gesæk ds` f¥, cUn gks ·lsukfuo~®‚ v:. izd`kæ ds` vuqlkj bl x;k\ cPpkÍ ,oa cÈMkÍ] lHh ds` euksjatu ds` ifj;kstuk ds` d`kj. ukSlsuk ds` ;q*iksrkÍ bl ds`Unz d`k mnΩ?kVu 19 uoEcj] 1984 d`ks bafnjk th ds` tUe fnol ij rRd`k¥hu ij [rjk e∑Mjkrk jgsxk\ mUgkÍus d`gk gS iz|kuea(h jktho xka|h us fd`;k ƒk\ fd` fd`lh ugj ls xqtjrs gq, iksr ij 17 œ`jojh] 2008 rd` ;g d`k;ZjrΩ jgk\ ;gk∑ vkrafd`;kÍ d`h NksVh cksV Hh ge¥k d`j Hkx d`k jsu Mkal] vkbl Mkal] ekbZ œs`;j ¥sMh] ld`rh gS\ ,Mfej¥ izd`kæ ig¥s Hh bl jks¥j d`ksLVj] Hwr cax¥k] vIiw] d`ks¥Ecl] eSftd` fjoj] LVh;fjax d`kj o ds`c¥ d`kslZ eke¥s eÍ ;g d`g pqds` gß fd` ;g ifj;kstuk vkfn >w¥kÍ us 23 o"Z ls vf|d` le; rd` ukSlsuk ds` f¥, fljnnZ lkfcr gksxh\ ¥ksxkÍ d`k euksjatu fd`;k\ fo'o izfl* fMTuh- ekStwnk ukSlsuk÷;{k ,Mfej¥ lqjhæ esgrk ¥S≥M ds` nsæh laLd`j. d`gs tkus ok¥s bl us Hh xr tuojh ekg eÍ ,d` oDrO; eÍ euksjatu ikdZ` d`k uked`j. 1982 ds` ,fæ;kbZ lsrqleqnze ifj;kstuk ds` izfr ukSlsuk d`h [s¥kÍ ds` æqHad`j ‘vIiw’ ds` uke ij fd`;k vizlUurk d`ks ;g d`gd`j O;Dr fd`;k ƒk x;k ƒk\ fd` bl ugj ls cÈMs ;q*iksr ugÓ xqtj ldÍ`xs\ m|j i;kZoj.okfn;kÍ d`ks bl ifj;kstuk ds` izfr vkif® bl {ks( ds` leqnzh tUrqvkÍ ds` laj{k. d`ks ¥sd`j gS\ i;kZoj. d`k gok¥k nsrs gq, Jh¥ad`k ljd`kj Hh viuh vkæad`k Hkjr ljd`kj ls O;Dr d`j pqd`h gS\ œ`jojh 2008 eÍ Hkjrh; ukSlsuk }kjk ubZ fnY¥h eÍ vk;ksftr bf≥M;u vksæu uso¥ flEiksft;e (IONS) eÍ Hkx ¥sus vk, Jh¥ad`kbZ ukSlsuk÷;{k ,Mfej¥ olaƒ d`jfuuxksMk us vukSipkfjd` ckrphr eÍ bl ifj;kstuk ij dw`Vuhfrd` fVIi.h d`jrs gq, d`gk fd` Jh¥ad`k d`ks bl ifj;kstuk ij d`ksbZ vkif® ugÓ gS] fd`Urq vIiw ?j Hkjr ;fn bl ifj;kstuk ij vkxs cÈ
fczVsu ls [jhns x, gkWd` foeku Hkjrh; ok;q lsuk eÍ ,tsVh ds` Ôi eÍ ækfe¥ ,MokaLM tSV V_suj (AJT) foekukÍ ds` f¥, Hkjrh; ok;q lsuk d`h foxr 26 o"ksÛ d`h izrh”k iwjh gks xbZZ gS\ fczVsu ls [jhns tk jgs ‘gkWd`’ d`ks ,tsVh ds` Ôi eÍ ok;q lsuk eÍ xr 23 œ`jojh d`ks vkSipkfjd` Ôi ls 'kkfe¥ fd`;k x;k gS\ Hkjrh; ok;q lsuk us bl rjg ds` tSV V_suj foekukÍ d`ks vius csÈMs eÍ ækfe¥ d`jus d`h tÔjr 1982 eÍ crkbZ ƒh\ nks n'kd` d`h ¥Ech d`'ked`'k ds` ckn ,sls 66 foekukÍ d`h [jhn ds` f¥, fczVsu ds` ch,bZ flLVEl ds` lkƒ lkSnk ekpZ 2004 eÍ fd`;k x;k ƒk\ 1·75 vjc MkW¥j ds` bl lkSns ds` rgrΩ 24 foeku rS;kj gk¥r eÍ Hkjr d`ks mi¥C| d`jk, tkus gß] tcfd` 'ks" 42 d`ks izkS»ksfxd`h gLrkarj. le>kSrs ds` rgrΩ fgUnqLrku ,;jksukWfVDl f¥\ (HAL) }kjk vlsEc¥ fd`;k tk,xk\ rS;kj gk¥r eÍ fe¥us ok¥s gkWd` foekukÍ eÍ ls 8 foeku œ`jojh 2008 rd` Hkjr eÍ chnj ·d`ukZVd`‚ igq∑p x, ƒs\ bu izf'k”. foekukÍ d`ks ok;q lsuk ds` chnj ds`Unz ij gh rSukr fd`;k tk,xk\ ok;qlsuk÷;{k ,;j phœ` ekæZ¥ œ`¥h ,p\ estj d`h d`ukZVd` eÍ chnj ok;q lSfud` ds`Unz ij ‘gkWd`- mifLƒfr eÍ chnj eÍ 23 √jojh] 2008 d`ks ,d` lekjksg eÍ j”k ea(h ,\ ds`\ ,aVuh us gkWd` ,tsVh 132’ foekukÍ d`ks ok;q lsuk d`ks lefiZr d`jrs foekukÍ d`ks Hkjrh; ok;q lsuk d`ks lefiZr fd`;k\ izfæ{kq ik;¥VkÍ d`ks vc lw;Z fd`j. foekukÍ ij ig¥s j{kk ea(h ,\ ds`\ ,aVuh pj. ds` izfæ{k. ds` ckn gkWd` foekukÍ ij mÈMku d`k izfæ{k. fn;k tk,xk\ vHh rd` lw;Z fd`j. ds` ckn lh|s fex-21 tSV foekukÍ ij V_sfuax mUgÍ nh tkrh ƒh] fd`Urq fex-21 d`h gkbZ LihM o d`kWEi¥SDl ¥ßfMax ds` p¥rs tjk lh pwd` nq?ZVuk d`k d`kj. cu tkrh ƒh\ gkWd` foekukÍ ds` izkIr gks tkus ds` ckn fex-21 foekukÍ d`ks izfæ{k. ls gVkd`j ds`o¥ vkWijsæu mi;ksx eÍ gh ¥kus d`h ok;q lsuk d`h ;kstuk gS\ izfæ{kq ik;¥VkÍ d`ks mÈMku izf'k”. iznku d`jus ds` f¥, gkWd` foekukÍ d`k bLrsek¥ twu 2008 ls 'kqzÔ gksus d`h lEHkouk gS\ bl chp 40 vkSj gkWd` foeku [jhnus ds` ok;q lsuk ds` izLrko d`ks j”k ea(h d`h v÷;”rk ok¥h lqj”k vf|xzg. ifj"nΩ (Defence Acquisitions Council) us eatwjh iznku d`j nh gS\ j”k lEcU|h eke¥kÍ d`h eaf(eaM¥h; lfefr (Cabinet Committee on Security—CCS) d`h eatwjh ds` i'pkrΩ bl fn'kk eÍ vkxs d`h d`k;Zokgh gksxh\ (Hawk) foekukÍ

ok;q lsuk gsrq vejhd`k ls 6 lh-130 ts foekukÍ d`h [jhn gsrq lkSnk la;qDr jkT; vejhd`k ds` lkƒ ,d` cÈMk lkSnk Hkjr us tuojh 2008 eÍ fd`;k gS] ftlds` rgrΩ Hkjr d`ks 6 vR;k|qfud` ¥ÈMkdw` lqij gjD;wf¥l lh-130 ts (Super Hercules C-130 J) foeku izkIr gks ldÍ`xs\ vejhd`k d`h ¥kWd`ghM ekfVZu (Lockheed Martin) }kjk fufeZr bu foekukÍ ls lSU; d`feZ;kÍ d`ks laosnuæh¥ b¥kd`kÍ eÍ ¥kus-¥s tkus eÍ rƒk vU; egRoiw.Z lSU; vkWijsæukÍ eÍ lgk;rk fe¥sxh\ 1 vjc MkW¥j · 3943 d`jksÈM :i,‚ ds` bl lkSns ij nksukÍ nsækÍ us xr 30 tuojh d`ks gLrk{kj fd`, gß\ ,sls 6 vU; foekukÍ d`h [jhn ds` f¥, fod`Yi Hkjr ds` f¥, [q¥k jgsxk\ foekukÍ ds` lkƒ-lkƒ buds` d`¥iqtksÛ d`h vkiwfrZ Hh vejhd`h d`Eiuh ·¥kWd`ghM ekfVZu‚ }kjk d`h tk,xh\ lqij gjD;wf¥l foekukÍ d`h [jhn d`k ;g lkSnk vejhd`k ds` lkƒ j{kk lEcU|kÍ eÍ 2001 ds` i'pkrΩ vkbZ xehZ ds` ckn Hkjr d`k mlds` lkƒ ;g pkSƒk o lcls cÈMk j{kk lkSnk gS\ blls iwoZ tks rhu lkSns Hkjr us vejhd`k ds` lkƒ fd`, gß] mueÍ gfƒ;kjkÍ d`k irk ¥xkus ok¥s jMkj o lqj{kk c¥kÍ ds` f¥, foæs" mid`j.kÍ d`h [jhn rƒk vejhd`h ;q*iksr ;w,l,l V_ÍVu ·Hkjrh; ukSlsuk eÍ bld`k uke vkbZ,u,l t¥k'o gS‚ d`h [jhn ds` lkSns ækfe¥ ƒs\ xksæZd`kso d`h izkfIr eÍ fo¥Ec Ôl ls foekuokgd` iksr ,Mfej¥ xksæZd`kso (Admiral Gorshkov) izkIr d`jus d`k Hkjrh; ukSlsuk d`k liuk liuk gh jg ld`rk gS\ izkIr lads`rkÍ ds` vuqlkj ;g lkSnk jˆ gksus ls cpkus ds` f¥, Hkjr d`ks vfrfjDr |ujkfæ Ôl d`ks pqd`kuh gksxh\ lksfo;r d`k¥ ds` foekuokgd` iksr ckdw` (Baku), ftld`k uked`j. lksfo;r la? ds` fo?Vu ds` ckn ‘,Mfej¥ xksæZd`kso’ fd`;k x;k ƒk] d`ks Hkjrh; ukSlsuk d`ks mi¥C| d`jkus ds` f¥, Hkjr o Ôl ds` chp MsÈ< vjc MkW¥j ds` lkSns ij 2004 ds` nkSjku gLrk{kj fd`, x, ƒs\ Hkjr d`ks bl ;q*iksr d`h fM¥hojh vxLr 2008 eÍ lEHkfor ƒh] fd`Urq bld`h vlsEcf¥ax o vU; d`k;ksÛ ds` f¥, Ôl us 1·2 vjc MkW¥j d`h vfrfjDr ek∑x d`h gS\ bruh vf|d` jkfæ vkSj nsus ds` f¥, Hkjr bPNqd` ugÓ gS\ ubZ izLrkfor ærksÛ ls iksr d`h fM¥hojh eÍ Hh ¥xHx pkj o"Z vkSj ¥xus d`h lEHkouk gS\ le>k tkrk gS fd` Ôlh iz|kuea(h foDVj tqcd`kso d`h œ`jojh 2008 d`h Hkjr ;k(k ds` nkSjku nksukÍ iz|kueaf(;kÍ ds` chp bl eqˆs ij Hh ppkZ gqbZ ƒh\ bl eke¥s eÍ nksukÍ i{kkÍ ds` chp ckrphr fœ`¥gk¥ tkjh gS rFkk le>k tkrk gS fd` Hkjr us ¥xHx 60 ¥k[ MkW¥j vkSj nsus d`k eu cuk f¥;k gS\ 45000 Vu foLƒkiu {kerk ok¥s bl ;q*iksr d`ks Hkjrh; ukSlsuk eÍ vkbZ,u,l fodz`ekfnR; uke ls ækfe¥ d`jus d`h j{kk eU(k¥; d`h ;kstuk gS\

,Mfej¥ xksæZd`kso

2012 eÍ rS;kj gksxh Hkjr ds` f¥, ig¥h Ld`kWfiZ;u iuMqCch e>xkao eÍ œz`kalhlh d`Eiuh }kjk Hkjr ds` f¥, cukbZ tk jgh 6 Ld`kWfiZ;u (Scorpene) iuMqfCc;kÍ eÍ ls ig¥h iuMqCch 2012 eÍ Hkjr d`ks mi¥C| d`jkbZ tk,xh\ rnqijkUr vx¥s ik∑p o"ksÛ eÍ izfro"Z ,d` iuMqCch d`h vkiwfrZ œz`kalhlh d`Eiuh }kjk d`h tk,xh\ bu iuMqfCc;kÍ ij cz©ksl felkb¥Í rSukr d`jus d`h ;kstuk gS\

da`|kj ·vœ`xkfuLrku‚ ¥s tkus ds` eke¥s eÍ "MΩ;a( eÍ ækfe¥ jgs rhu vfH;qDrkÍ d`ks vkthou d`kjkokl d`h ltk ifV;k¥k d`h ,d` vnk¥r us xr 4 œ`jojh d`ks lqukbZ gS\ bueÍ ls nks vfH;qDr Hkjrh; vCnq¥ 24 fnlEcj] 1999 d`ks d`kBekaMw ls ¥rhœ` ·xqtjkr‚ o fn¥hi dq`ekj Hwts¥ fnY¥h d`h vkbZlh-814 mÈMku ok¥s bf≥M;u ·i\ caxk¥‚ o ,d` Hwi¥eu nebZ mœZ` ,;j¥kbal ds` foeku d`k vigj. d`j mls ;wlqœ` usik¥h gS\ foeku ds` okLrfod`

bf≥M;u ,;j¥kbal ds` foeku vigj. d`k≥M eÍ rhu vfH;qDrkÍ d`ks vkthou d`kjkokl

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1548

vigrkZ ;»fi vHh rd` œ`jkj gß rƒk ;s rhukÍ vfH;qDr okLrfod` vigrkZvkÍ d`ks gfƒ;kj ,oa ikliksVZ mi¥C| d`jkus ds` nks"h ik, x, gß\ lhchvkbZ us bl eke¥s eÍ 10 ¥ksxkÍ d`ks vkjksfir fd`;k ƒk\ bueÍ ik∑p vigrkZvkÍ lfgr æs" lHh lkr ikfd`Lrku eÍ crk, tkrs gß\ buds` izR;iZ. ds` f¥, d`ksbZ enn ikfd`Lrku ls ugÓ fe¥h gS\

2003-05 ds` nkSjku nsæ eÍ ou {ks(

?Vk # ou eU(k¥; d`h fjiksVZ Hkjr d`h jkÆV_h; ou uhfr eÍ nsæ ds` Hw-Hkx d`ks oukPNkfnr d`jus d`k ¥{; fu|kZfjr gS\ bl ¥{; d`ks izkIr d`jus ds` f¥, vjckÍ :i, oukÍ ds` fod`kl gsrq ljd`kj }kjk izfro"Z [pZ fd`, tk jgs gß] ftlds` ckotwn nsæ eÍ ou {ks( eÍ o~f* d`h ctk; d`eh gks jgh gS\ oukÍ d`h fLƒfr ij ds`Unzh; ou ,oa i;kZoj. eU(k¥; ds` ‘œ`kWjsLV losZ vkWœ` bf≥M;k’ d`h rktk fjiksVZ ds` vuqlkj 2005 eÍ nsæ eÍ oukPNkfnr {ks( 6,77,088 oxZ fd`eh ·dq`¥ Hw-Hkx d`k 20·60 izfrær‚ ƒk] tcfd` nks o"Z iwoZ 2003 eÍ ;g 6,78,333 oxZ fd`eh ·dq`¥ Hw-Hkx d`k 20·64 izfrær‚ ƒk\ bl izd`kj bu nks o"ksÛ eÍ ou {ks( eÍ 1245 oxZ fd`eh d`h d`eh vkbZ gS\ ou eU(k¥; d`h bl f}okf"Zd` fjiksVZ eÍ crk;k x;k gS fd` 2003–05 ds` nkSjku m®jk[≥M] vle] N®hlxÈ<] xqtjkr] e÷; iznsæ] egkjkÆV_] ef.iqj] uxk¥S≥M rƒk vaMeku-fud`ksckj eÍ tgk∑ ou {ks( ?Vk gS] ogÓ fgekp¥ iznsæ] iatkc] gfj;k.k o fnY¥h eÍ 2 ls 11 izfrær d`h o~f* bleÍ gqbZ gS\ fjiksVZ ds` vuqlkj fnY¥h eÍ 2 izfrær] gfj;k.k eÍ 11 izfrær o fgekp¥ iznsæ eÍ 10 izfrær d`h o~f* ou {ks( eÍ gqbZ gS\ m®j iznsæ] tEew-d`'ehj o p≥MhxÈ< eÍ ou {ks( eÍ 2003 d`h rq¥uk eÍ u rks o~f* gqbZ gS vkSj u gh ;g d`e gqvk gS\ fjiksVZ eÍ crk;k x;k gS fd` 2005 eÍ nsæ eÍ dq`¥ 6,77,088 oxZ fd`eh ou {ks( eÍ 54,569 oxZ fd`eh eÍ ?us ou (Dense Forests), 3,32,647 oxZ fd`eh eÍ e>ks¥s ou (Moderately Dense) o 2,89,872 oxZ fd`eh {ks( eÍ [q¥s/fNrjs ou (Open/Degraded Forests) ækfe¥ ƒs\ bl izd`kj nsæ ds` dq`¥ Hw-Hkx d`k 1·7 izfrær ?us oukÍ ls] 10·12 izfrær e>ks¥s oukÍ ls rƒk 8·82 Hkx [q¥s oukÍ ls vkPNkfnr ƒk\ ou eU(k¥; d`h bl fjiksVZ eÍ iwoksZ®j jkT;kÍ eÍ ou {ks( eÍ d`eh vkus d`k eq“; d`kj. ‘cEcw Œ¥kWofjax’ (Bamboo Flowering) crk;k x;k gS\ ¥xHx 40 o"ksÛ eÍ ,d` ckj gksus ok¥h bl izfdz`;k ds` rgrΩ o~{kkÍ d`k {kj. cÈMh la“;k eÍ gksrk gS\ fjiksVZ ds` vuqlkj v≥Meku fud`ksckj }hi lewg eÍ lqukeh (Tsunami) ds` d`kj. oukPNkfnr {ks( eÍ d`eh vkbZ gS] tcfd` e÷; iznsæ eÍ d`kœ`h ou {ks( d`h t¥fo»qrΩ ifj;kstukvkÍ ds` v|hu vk tkus ds` d`kj. ou {ks( ?Vk gS\ 33 izfrær

jkT; lHk d`h 56 lhVkÍ ds` f¥, f}okf"Zd` pquko 26 ekpZ d`ks jkT; lHk d`h fjDr gks jgh 56 lhVkÍ ds` f¥, f}okf"Zd` pquko 26 ekpZ d`ks d`jkus d`h ?ks".k pquko vk;ksx us xr 26 œ`jojh d`ks d`h gS\ fcgkj ls jkT; lHk d`h ,d` lhV ds` f¥, mipquko rƒk fcgkj ,oa izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1549

egkjkÆV_ fo|ku ifj"nΩ d`h 9-9 lhVkÍ ds` f¥, f}okf"Zd` pquko Hh blh ds` lkƒ gh d`jk, tk,axs\ jkT; lHk d`h mipquko ok¥h lhV jktn lkaln erhmjZjgeku ds` fnlEcj 2007 eÍ fu|u ds` d`kj. fjDr gqbZ ƒh\ jkT; lHk d`h ftu 56 lhVkÍ ds` f¥, f}okf"Zd` pquko d`jkus d`h ?ks".k d`h xbZ gS] mueÍ lokZf|d` lkr lhVÍ egkjkÆV_ ls gß\ rfe¥ukMq vkSj vkU|z iznsæ ls Ng-Ng] fcgkj vkSj if'pe caxk¥ ls ik∑p-ik∑p] mÈMhlk vkSj xqtjkr ls pkj-pkj] vle] jktLƒku vkSj e÷; iznsæ ls rhu-rhu] N®hlxÈ<] gfj;k.k vkSj >kj[≥M ls nks nks lhVkÍ ds` f¥, pquko d`jk, tk,axs\ lkƒ gh fgekp¥ iznsæ] es?k¥;] v:.kp¥ iznsæ vkSj ef.iqj ls ,d`-,d` lhV ds` f¥, pquko gkÍxs\ jkT; lHk d`h bu lhVkÍ ds` ekStwnk lnL; fjVk;j gks jgs gß\ d`ukZVd` ls Hh jkT; lHk d`h pkj lhVÍ fjDr gks jgh gß] ¥sfd`u jkT; fo|ku lHk Hax gksus ds` d`kj. ogk∑ pquko ugÓ d`jk, tk jgs gß\

f¥, vf|lwpuk vkB ekpZ d`ks tkjh d`h tk,xh rƒk ukekad`u nkf[¥ d`jus d`h vfUre frfƒ 15 ekpZ gksxh\ ukekad`u i(kÍ d`h tk∑p 17 ekpZ d`ks gksxh vkSj 19 ekpZ rd` uke okil f¥, tk ldÍ`xs\ ernku 26 ekpZ d`ks gksxk vkSj mlh fnu æke d`ks erkÍ d`h fxurh gksxh\

jkT; lHk ls fjVk;j gksus ok¥s lnL;kÍ eÍ xqtjkr ls ds`æqHkbZ iVs¥] egkjkÆV_ ls eqj¥h nsoÈMk] i~Fohjkt pÿk.] n®k es?s vkSj osn izd`kæ xks;¥] if'pe caxk¥ ls nsoczr fo'okl] fcgkj ls izsepan xqIrk vkSj æ(q¿u flUgk] e÷; iznsæ ls lqjsæ ipkSjh vkSj ek;k flag] jktLƒku ls uVoj flag vkSj izHk Bkdq`j o N®hlxÈ< ls eksrh¥k¥ oksjk izeq[ gß\ pquko vk;ksx }kjk ?ksf"r d`k;Zdz`ekuqlkj bu pqukokÍ ds`

pquko nsæ ds` pqukoh izcU|u vkSj ernku ds` utfj;s ls ,d` ekWM¥ lkfcr gq, gß\ mUgkÍus crk;k fd` jkT; ds` nf{k. f(iqjk ds` chjxat eÍ 95·69 izfrær ernku gqvk] tcfd` lcls d`e ernku m®j f(iqjk ds` da`puiqj eÍ 86·17 izfrær ntZ fd`;k x;k\ bu pqukokÍ d`h nwljh foæs" ckr ;g jgh fd` iwjs jkT; eÍ bl ckj ær-izfrær œ`ksVks igpku i(kÍ o œ`ksVks;qDr ernkrklwph d`h enn ls ernku gqvk vkSj d`gÓ

ds`o¥ ernkrk igpku-i( ds` vk|kj ij ernku ok¥k f(iqjk nsæ d`k ig¥k jkT; f(iqjk d`h nloÓ fo|ku lHk gsrq xr œ`jojh d`ks lEiUu pquko eÍ 91·86 izfrær ernkrkvkÍ us oksV Mk¥d`j nsæ ds` pqukoh bfrgkl eÍ ,d` u;k d`hfrZeku Lƒkfir fd`;k gS\ ernku d`k ;g izfrær nsæ eÍ vc rd` ds` pqukokÍ eÍ lEHor# lcls vf|d` jgk gS\ jkT; ds` dq`N ernku ds`UnzkÍ eÍ 99 izfrær rd` er Mk¥s x,\ jkT; ds` eq“; fuokZpu vf|d`kjh MkW\ th\ ,l\ th\ vkÚ;axj ds` vuqlkj ;s 23

ls Hh fgalk d`k d`ksbZ lekpkj ugÓ fe¥k\ ernku ds` nkSjku lqj{kk izcU| cgqr cÈMs fd`, x, ƒs vkSj ernku jkr lkÈ<s X;kjg cts rd` tkjh jgk tks vius vki eÍ [qn ,d` fjd`kWMZ gS\ f(iqjk ds` i'pkrΩ vc es?k¥; eÍ 3 ekpZ d`ks o uxk¥S≥M eÍ 5 ekpZ d`ks ubZ fo|ku lHkvkÍ ds` f¥, ernku gksuk gS\ erx.uk 7 ekpZ d`ks ·uxk¥S≥M eÍ 8 ekpZ d`ks‚ gksxh\

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;g la“;k dz`eæ# 710 o 227 ƒh\ jktLƒku eÍ 2001-02 d`h x.uk eÍ 58 ck? ntZ fd`, x, ƒs] tcfd` rktk x.uk eÍ ogk∑ 32 ck? gh crk, x, gß\ jktLƒku eÍ ;g ck? la“;k j.ƒEHkSj Vkbxj fjtoZ ls gh lEcfU|r gS] D;kÍfd` lfjLd`k eÍ vc ,d` Hh ck? ugÓ cpk crk;k x;k gS\ vU; jkT;kÍ eÍ vkU|z iznsæ eÍ 95 (2001-02 eÍ 192), egkjkÆV_ eÍ 103 (238) o mÈMhlk eÍ 45 (173), d`ukZVd` eÍ 290 (401) o ds`j¥ eÍ 46 (71) ck? rktk x.uk eÍ ntZ fd`, x, gß ·d`ksÆBd` eÍ fn, x, vk∑d`ÈMs 200102 eÍ ck? la“;k d`ks nækZ jgs gß\‚ iwoksZ®j jkT;kÍ eÍ Hh ck? la“;k eÍ Hkjh d`eh ntZ d`h xbZ gS\ 2001-02 eÍ v:.kp¥ iznsæ eÍ 61, fetksje eÍ 28 o m®j if'peh caxk¥ eÍ 349 ck? ƒs] tcfd` rktk x.uk eÍ bu {ks(kÍ eÍ ;g la“;k dz`eæ# 14, 6 o 10 gh vkd`f¥r d`h xbZ gS\ caxk¥ eÍ lqUnjcu {ks( eÍ ck?kÍ d`h la“;k bleÍ ækfe¥ ugÓ gS\ nsæ eÍ ck?kÍ d`h ?Vrh gqbZ la“;k d`ks ns[rs gq, buds` f¥, 8 u, vH;kj≥;kÍ d`h Lƒkiuk izkstsDV Vkbxj ds` rgrΩ d`jus d`k œS`l¥k ljd`kj us fd`;k gS\

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fofHUu VhekÍ ds` [krs eÍ x, f[¥kfÈM;kÍ ds` uke f[¥kÈMh

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Hkjr 2·60 d`jksÈM 80 ¥k[ n\ vœz`hd`k 90 ¥k[ Hkjr vkLV_sf¥;k 1·4 d`jksÈM

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5·3 d`jksÈM 2·8 d`jksÈM 2·7 d`jksÈM 3 d`jksÈM 70 ¥k[ 1·5 d`jksÈM 3·5 d`jksÈM 40 ¥k[ 80 ¥k[ 2·3 d`jksÈM 44 ¥k[

eqEcbZ Hkjr

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Jh¥ad`k Jh¥ad`k n\ vœz`hd`k Jh¥ad`k Hkjr Hkjr n\ vœz`hd`k

4·49 d`jksÈM 3·9 d`jksÈM 1·4 d`jksÈM 2·2 d`jksÈM 60 ¥k[ 3·4 d`jksÈM 3·2 d`jksÈM 70 ¥k[

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4·37 d`jksÈM 3·2 3·8 2·8 1·6

d`jksÈM d`jksÈM d`jksÈM d`jksÈM 1·32

d`jksÈM 2·7 d`jksÈM 1·7 d`jksÈM 68 ¥k[ 1·7 d`jksÈM 60 ¥k[ 50 ¥k[

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izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1551

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Hkjr

4·14 d`jksÈM

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New NEW Release Release

fnY¥h ohjsUnz lgokx ·vk;d`u f[¥kÈMh‚ eksgEen vkflœ` Msfu;¥ foVksjh æks,c ef¥d` fnusæ d`kfrZd` ,ch fMohf¥;lZ œ`joht egÔœ` fr¥d`jRus xkSre xEHhj eukst frokjh X¥su eSDxzk

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laf{kIrd`h jkÆV_h; ¥ksd`n¥ d`h jkT;Lrjh; n¥ ds` Ôi eÍ ekU;rk lekIr pquko vk;ksx us m®j izns'k eÍ jkT;Lrjh; n¥ ds` Ôi eÍ ekU;rk izkIr jkÆV_h; ¥ksd`n¥ d`h ;g ekU;rk jnΩn d`j nh gS\ blds` lkƒ gh pquko fpÕ ‘gS≥M iEi’ ij ls jk¥ksn d`k vf|d`kj lekIr gks x;k gS\ vc ;g pquko fpÕ vkjf”r ugÓ jgsxk rƒk blds` mEehnokjkÍ d`ks vU; 800 jktuhfrd` n¥kÍ d`h rjg iathÎ`r ikVhZ ds` mEehnokj d`h rjg pquko ¥ÈMuk gksxk\

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(According to the New Syllabus)

By : Dr. N. K. Singh Code No. 1610 Rs. 195/-

UPKAR PRAKASHAN, AGRA-2 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.upkarprakashan.com

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31·14

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o~f* nj

d~`f"* m»ksx ftleÍ% (a) fofuekZ.h (b) [uu ,oa mR[uu (c) fo»qrΩ] xSl] t¥kiwfrZ 3. lsok,a ftleÍ% (a) fuekZ. (b) O;kikj] gksV¥] ifjogu ,oa lapkj (c) fo®] chek ,oa okLrfod` ifjlEif®;k∑** (d) lkeqnkf;d`] lkekftd` ,oa oS;fDrd` lsok,a lk|u ¥kxr ij ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn vkfFkZd` leh{kk fjiksVZ ds` lkFk fo® ea(h ih\ fpnEcjeΩ 8·5 ^fr'kr] 2004-05 eÍ 7·5 ^fr'kr] 2005-06 eÍ 9·4 ^fr'kr o 2006-07 eÍ 9·6 ^fr'kr d`h o~f* ^kIr d`jus ds` i'pkrΩ 2007-08 eÍ 8·7 ^fr'kr d`h lEHkfor

o~f* nj ds` ifj^s{; eÍ bu ik∑p o"ksÛ eÍ ^fr O;fDr vk; eÍ 7·2 ^fr'kr ^fro"Z d`h vkSlr o~f* gqbZ gS] tks vHwriwoZ gS\ bld`k vFkZ ;g gS fd` vkSlr vk; vc ,d` ihÈ
* **

okfud`h ,oa efRL;d`h lfgr O;kikfjd` lsokvkÍ lfgr

2005-06 5·92 8·02

2006-07@ 3·76 10·63

8·98 4·87 4·68 11·01

12·0 5·70 5·98 11·18

9·44 3·38 7·83 10·60

16·46 11·51 11·41 7·21 9·40

11·98 11·82 13·92 6·89 9·62

9·63 12·11 11·72 6·97 8·73

@ Rofjr vkd`¥u $ vfxze vkd`¥u

2007-08$ 2·59 8·63

d~`f"xr mRiknu

41·6

^fr'kr d~`f" ls fHUu d`k;ksÛ ds` f¥, ¥h xbZ Fkh rFkk dq`¥ )`. d`k 30·6 ^fr'kr Hkx iw∑th O;; ds` f¥, Fkk] tcfd` 27·8 ^fr'kr Hkx d~`f" lEcU|h d`k;ksÛ eÍ pk¥w O;; ds` f¥, Fkk\ cd`k;k jkf'k d`k 57·7 ^fr'kr laLFkkxr pSu¥kÍ ·ljd`kj lfgr‚ ls rFkk 'ks" 42·3 ^fr'kr Hkx lkgwd`kjkÍ] O;kikfj;kÍ] fj'rsnkjkÍ vkSj fe(kÍ ls ^nku fd`;k x;k Fkk\ leh{kk eÍ crk;k x;k fd` fo'ks"K n¥ us vuqeku ¥xk;k gS fd` o"Z 2003 eÍ xSj-laLFkkxr pSu¥kÍ ls fd`lkukÍ d`ks 48,000 d`jksÈM :i, ds` )`. ^nku fd`, x, vkSj mleÍ ls 18,000 d`jksÈM :i, ij 30 ^fr'kr ^fro"Z ;k blls vf|d` d`h C;kt nj ¥xkbZ xbZ\

29642

izfr O;fDr vk; 25956

23199

18885

10 0 100

100

20895

:`i;ksa esa ·orZeku ewY;ksa ij‚

100

d~`f" mRiknu lEcU|h nwljs vfxze vkd`¥u ds` gok¥s ls 2007-08 eÍ ns'k eÍ dq`¥ [k»kUu mRiknu 219·3 fef¥;u Vu jgus d`h lEHkouk O;Dr d`h xbZ gS\ ;g 2006-07 ds` 217·3 fef¥;u ·vfUre vuqeku‚ ls dq`N vf|d` gS\ 2007-08 eÍ vuqekfur [k»kUu mRiknu eÍ [jhœ` [k»kUukÍ d`k mRiknu 2006-07 ds` eqd`kc¥s tgk∑ 5·2 fef¥;u Vu vf|d` gS] ogÓ jch [k»kUu d`k mRiknu fiN¥s o"Z ds` eqd`kc¥s 3·3 fef¥;u Vu d`e gksus d`h lEHkouk gS] vukt d`k mRiknu 2006-07 eÍ ·vfUre vuqeku‚ 203·1 fef¥;u Vu ds` eqd`kc¥s 205 fef¥;u Vu gksus d`h lEHkouk gS\ ¥sfd`u nk¥kÍ d`k mRiknu fiN¥s o"Z ds` Lrj ij gh jgus d`h lEHkouk gS\ fr¥gu d`k mRiknu Hh 2006-07 ds` 24·3 fef¥;u Vu ls cÈ
2002- 2003- 2004- 2005- 200603 04 05 06* 07**

o~f* nj (%) 1999-2000 d`h

d`herksa ij 8.1

7.9

7.1 5.5 2.0

2002- 2003- 2004- 2005- 200603 04 05 06* 07** * vuafre **

jkÆV_h;

KBK

rhoz vuqeku

^frn'kZ

losZ{k.

laxBu

(NSSO) ds` 59oÍ nkSj ds` losZ{k. ·tuojhfnlEcj 2003‚ ds` gok¥s ls fd`lkukÍ d`h

)`.xzLrrk ds` lEcU| eÍ vkfFkZd` leh{kk eÍ crk;k x;k gS fd` ns'k eÍ fd`lkukÍ ds` 48·6 ^fr'kr ifjokj )`.xzLr Fks\ )`.xzLr fd`lkukÍ d`h dq`¥ la“;k eÍ ls 61 ^fr'kr ds` ikl 1 gsDVs;j ls d`e tksr gS] ftl ij d`ke gks jgk gS\ losZ{k. eÍ ik;k x;k fd` fd`lkukÍ ij dq`¥ cd`k;k jkf'k eÍ ls

d~`f"xr mRiknu ·fef¥;u Vu eÍ‚ œ`l¥

2003- 2004- 200504 05 06

2006-07

¥{;

2007-08

vfUre vuqeku

¥{;

93·4 80·2 13·2 75·8 33·9 25·6 8·3 14·2 4·8 9·4 217·3 110·6 106·7 24·3 14·0 10·3 355·5 22·6 11·3

93·0 80·0 13·0 75·5 37·5 28·7 8·8 15·5 5·5 10·0 221·5 114·2 107·3 30·0 18·5 11·5 310·0 22·0 11·0

f}rh; vuqeku

vfUre vuqeku

pko¥ 88·5 83·1 91·8 92·8 [jhœ` 78·6 72·2 78·3 80·8 jch 9·9 10·9 13·5 12·0 xsgw∑ 72·2 68·6 69·4 75·5 eksVk vukt 37·6 33·5 34·1 36·5 [jhœ` 32·2 26·4 26·7 28·7 jch 5·4 7·1 7·3 7·8 nk¥Í 14·9 13·1 13·4 15·2 [jhœ` 6·2 4·7 4·9 5·8 jch 8·7 8·4 8·5 9·4 dq`¥ [k»kUu 213·2 198·4 208·6 220·0 [jhœ` 117·0 103·3 109·9 115·3 jch 96·2 95·1 98·7 104·8 dq`¥ fr¥gu 25·2 24·4 28·0 29·4 [jhœ` 16·7 14·1 16·8 18·1 jch 8·5 10·2 11·2 11·3 xUuk 233·9 237·1 281·2 270·0 d`ikl ·fef¥;u xk∑BÍ‚* 13·7 16·4 18·5 18·5 twV rFkk esLrk ·fef¥;u 11·2 10·3 10·8 11·3 xk∑BÍ‚** * 170 fd`xzk d`h izR;sd` xk∑B ** 180 fd`xzk d`h

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1553

izR;sd` xk∑B

94·1 81·5 12·6 74·8 36·1 28·6 7·5 14·3 5·8 8·6 219·3 115·9 103·4 27·2 17·6 9·6 340·3 23·4 11·3

m»ksx txrΩ 2007-08 ds` ig¥s 9 eghukÍ ·v^S¥fnlEcj 2007‚ ds` nkSjku m»ksx {ks( eÍ 9 ^fr'kr d`h o~f* gh ^kIr d`h xbZ gS] tcfd` fiN¥s pkj o"ksÛ eÍ bl {ks( eÍ o~f* vis{kkd~`r ˜∑ph ^kIr d`h xbZ Fkh\ m»ksxkÍ eÍ vk, bl |hesiu ij leh{kk eÍ fpUrk O;Dr d`h xbZ gS\ m»ksxkÍ eÍ lkoZtfud` {ks( ds` m»ekÍ ds` lEcU| eÍ leh{kk eÍ crk;k x;k gS fd` 31 ekpZ] 2007 d`h fLFkfr ds` vuqlkj fofHUu ea(k¥;kÍ/foHkxkÍ ds` ^'kklfud` fu;U(.k|hu 244 ds`Unzh; midz`ekÍ (CPSEs) eÍ dq`¥ lap;h fuos'k 4,21,089 d`jksÈM :i, Fkk\ bueÍ lokZf|d` fuos'k ‘vkS»ksfxd` {ks(’ eÍ Fkk\ leh{kk ds` vuqlkj 244 ds`Unzh; lkoZtfud` {ks( ds` m»ekÍ eÍ 16·14 ¥k[ O;fDr;kÍ ·vfu;fer d`kexkjkÍ o Bsds` ds` etnwjkÍ d`ks NksÈMd`j‚ d`ks jkstxkj ^kIr Fkk\ bu 244 m»ekÍ eÍ ls ds`o¥ 44 lhih,lbZ gh Hkjrh; LVkWd` ,DlpÍt eÍ lwphc* gß\

nwljh vksj ekbdz`ks ,oa ¥?q m»ekÍ ds` lEcU| eÍ leh{kk eÍ crk;k x;k gS fd` ;s m»e ns'k ds` xzkeh. ,oa 'kgjh {ks(kÍ eÍ ¥xHx 3·12 d`jksÈM ¥ksxkÍ d`ks jkstxkj mi¥C| d`jkrs gß\ 31 ekpZ] 2007 d`h fLFkfr ds` vuqlkj ns'k eÍ ¥xHx 128·44 ¥k[ ¥?q m»e (20·32 ¥k[ iathd~`r o 108·12 ¥k[ viathd~`r‚ leh{kk eÍ crk, x, gß\ vkS»ksfxd` {ks( eÍ gk¥ gh d`h eanh ds` lkFk-lkFk vk|kjHwr
ftleÍ lUnfHZr vof| eÍ ;g dz`e'k# 111·0 vjc MkW¥j o 168·8 vjc MkW¥j jgs gß rFkk 9 eghukÍ d`h bl vof| eÍ O;kikj ?kVk 57·8 vjc MkW¥j jgk gS\ leh{kk eÍ ^Lrqr fons'kh O;kikj ds` ;s vk∑d`ÈMs fuEuf¥f[r rkf¥d`k eÍ ^nf'kZr gß\ leh{kk ds` vuqlkj 2003 o 2004 ds` nkSjku Hkjr d`k oLrqxr fu;kZr fo'o fu;kZr d`k 0·8 ^fr'kr jgk Fkk] tks 2006 ,oa 2007 d`h ig¥h Nekgh ds` nkSjku 1 ^fr'kr cuk jgk gS\ MkW¥j ds` eqd`kc¥s :`i, d`h etcwrh rFkk vFkZO;oLFkk ds` le{k mifLFkr LœS`frd` ncko ds` ^fr fpUrk O;Dr d`jrs gq, bu eke¥kÍ eÍ ltx mik;kÍ d`h vis{kk ljd`kj ls d`h xbZ gS\ leh{kk eÍ vk'kk O;Dr d`h

Hkjr d`k fonsæh O;kikj ek¥
fonsæh O;kikj vkfFkZd` leh{kk eÍ crk;k x;k gS fd` ljd`kj ds` uhfrxr œzs`eodZ` o lefUor ^;klkÍ ls 2001-02 ls 2006-07 ds` nkSjku Hkjr ds` oLrqxr fu;kZr rhu xquk gq, gß\ 2006-07 eÍ MkW¥j ewY; eÍ oLrqxr fu;kZrkÍ eÍ 22·6 ^fr'kr o vk;krkÍ eÍ 24·5 ^fr'kr d`h o~f* gqbZ\ lUnfHZr o"Z eÍ lokZf|d` o~f* isV_ksf¥;e mRiknkÍ ·59·3 ^fr'kr‚ o bathfu;fjax mRiknkÍ ·38·1 ^fr'kr‚ eÍ ntZ d`h xbZ\ leh{kk eÍ ^Lrqr vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` vuqlkj 2006-07 eÍ Hkjr ds` oLrqxr fu;kZr 126·4 vjc MkW¥j o vk;kr 185·8 vjc MkW¥j ds` jgus ls O;kikj ?kVk 59·4 vjc MkW¥j d`k jgk\ :`i, ewY; eÍ 2006-07 eÍ Hkjr ds` fu;kZr 5,71,779 d`jksÈM :`i, ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1554

o vk;kr 8,40,506 d`jksÈM :`i, ds` bleÍ xbZ gS fd` isV_ks¥ o Mht¥ ds` ewY;kÍ eÍ gk¥ gh eÍ d`h xbZ o~f*;kÍ ds` ckotwn eqnzkLœ`hfr crk, x, gß\ fo®h; o"Z 2007-08 ds` ig¥s ukS d`ks fu;fU(r j[k tk lds`xk\ fons'k ls vk eghukÍ ds` fons'kh O;kikj ds` vk∑d`ÈMs ^Lrqr jgh iw∑th] fo'ks"r# MkW¥j ds` vUr^Zokg ds` d`jrs gq, leh{kk eÍ crk;k x;k gS fd` d`kj. vko';d` oLrqvkÍ ds` ewY;kÍ ij ncko v^S¥-fnlEcj 2007 d`h vof| eÍ fu;kZrkÍ iÈMus d`h fpUrk d`ks Hh leh{kk eÍ tkfgj eÍ 21·6 ^fr'kr o vk;krkÍ eÍ 25·9 ^fr'kr fd`;k x;k gS\ d`h o~f* ·MkW¥j ewY; eÍ‚ ntZ d`h xbZ gS] ●●●

ds`Unzh; ctV #

2008-09

;kstuk O;; (Plan Expenditure) o æs" 5,07,498 d`jksÈM :i, ;kstuk-fHUu O;; (Non-Plan Expenditure) gksxk\ 2,43,386 d`jksÈM :i, d`k izLrkfor ;kstuk O;; fo®h; o"Z 2007-08 eÍ 2,07,524 d`jksÈM :i, ds` ;kstuk O;; ·laæksf|r

fo®h; o"Z 2008-09 d`k ds`Unzh; ctV fo® ea(h ih\ fpnEcjeΩ us ¥ksd` lHk

ctV d`k lkj ·d`jksÈM :i, eÍ‚

jktLo izkfIr;k∑ d`j jktLo ·ds`Unz d`ks fuo¥‚ d`j-fHUu jktLo iw∑th izkfIr;k∑ (5+6+7)$ )`.kÍ d`h olw¥h vU; izkfIr;k∑ m|kj vkSj vU; ns;rk,a$ dq`¥ izkfIr;k∑ (1+4)$ vk;kstuk-fHUu O;; jktLo [krs ij ftleÍ C;kt Hqxrku iw∑th [krs ij vk;kstuk O;; jktLo [krs ij iw∑th [krs ij dq`¥ O;; (9+13) jktLo O;; (10+14) iw∑th O;; (12+15) jktLo ?kVk (17–1)

20.

jktd`ks"h; ?kVk [16 – (1+5+6)]

21.

izkƒfed` ?kVk (20 – 11)

ih\ fpnEcjeΩ

11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

eÍ 29 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks izLrqr fd`;k\ MkW\ eueksgu ¯lg ds` usr~Ro ok¥h ;wih, ljd`kj d`k ;g ik∑pok∑ vke ctV ƒk] ogÓ Jh fpnEcjeΩ }kjk izLrqr ;g lkrok∑ ·¥xkrkj ik∑ p ok∑ ‚ ctV ƒk\ ;w i h, ljd`kj ds` fo® ea(h ds` Ôi eÍ tq¥kbZ 2004 eÍ ig¥k] œ`jojh 2005 eÍ nwljk] œ`jojh 2006 eÍ rhljk o œ`jojh 2007 eÍ pkSƒk vke ctV mUgkÍus izLrqr fd`;k ƒk] tcfd` 1996-97 o 1997-98 eÍ ,p\ Mh\ nsoxkSÈMk ds` usr~Ro ok¥h la;qDr ekspkZ ljd`kj eÍ fo® ea(h jgrs gq, ds`Unzh; ctV mUgkÍus izLrqr fd`, ƒs\

2006-07

2007-08

2007-08

2008-09

okLrfod`

ctV vuqeku

laæksf|r vuqeku

ctV vuqeku

434387 351182 83205 149000 5893 534 142573 583387 413527 372191 150272 41336 169860 142418 27442 583387 514609 68778 80222 (1·9) 142573 (3·5) – 7699 – (0·2)

486422 403872 82550 194099 1500 41651 150948 680521 475421 383546 158995 91875 205100 174354 30746 680521 557900 122621 71478 (1·5) 150948 (3·3) – 8047 –(0·2)

525098 431773 93325 184275 4497 36125 143653 709373 501849 412975 171971 88874 207524 175611 31913 709373 588586 120787 63488 (1·4) 143653 (3·1) – 28318 – (0·6)

602935 507150 95785 147949 4497 10165 133287 750884 507498 448352 190807 59146 243386 209767 33619 750884 658119 92765 55184 (1·0) 133287 (2·5) – 57520 –(1·1)

$

bleÍ cktkj fLƒjhd`j. ;kstuk ds` lEcU| eÍ izkfIr;k∑ ækfe¥ ugÓ gß] tks ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` ud`n æs" eÍ cuh jgÍxh vkSj O;; ds` f¥, mud`k mi;ksx ugÓ fd`;k tk,xk\ vuqeku‚ ls 35,862 d`jksÈM :i, vf|d` ukSoÓ ckj 29 œ`jojh d`ks isæ gqvk vke ctV gS\ bleÍ 2,09,767 d`jksÈM :i, jktLo [krs eÍ o 33,619 d`jksÈM :i, iw∑th [krs 29 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks fo® ea(h ih\ fpnEcjeΩ us laln eÍ vke ctV isæ fd`;k\ Hkjr

eÍ O;; gkÍxs\ ;kstuk O;; d`h bl jkfæ eÍ ls 1,51,417 d`jksÈM :i, ds`Unzh; ;kstuk ds` f¥, rƒk æs" 58,350 d`jksÈM :i, jkT;kÍ o ds`Unzækflr ”s(kÍ d`h ;kstuk ds` f¥, ctVh; lgk;rk ds` Ôi eÍ mi¥C| d`jk, tk,axs\ 2008-09 ds` f¥, ds`Unzh; ;kstuk d`k vkd`kj 3,75,485 d`jksÈM :i, d`k fu|kZfjr fd`;k x;k gS] tks 2007-08 d`h 2,92,337 d`jksÈM :i, d`h laæksf|r ;kstuk ls 83,148 d`jksÈM :i, vf|d` gS\ 5,07,498 d`jksÈM :i, ds` ;kstuk fHUu O;; eÍ ls 4,48,352 d`jksÈM :i, u, ctV eÍ fo®h; o"Z 2008-09 ds` d`jksÈM :i, bl ctV eÍ vuqekfur fd`;k jktLo [krs eÍ o æs" 59,146 d`jksÈM :i, nkSjku ljd`kj d`k dq`¥ O;; 7,50,884 x;k gS\ bleÍ 2,43,386 d`jksÈM :i, iw∑th [krs eÍ O;; fd`, tk,axs\ C;kt ds` bfrgkl eÍ ,slk ukSoÓ ckj gqvk tc ‘¥hi bZ;j’ eÍ œ`jojh ds` vafre fnu vke ctV isæ fd`;k x;k\ iwoZ fo® ea(h eksjkjth nslkbZ] ftud`k tUefnu Hh 29 œ`jojh d`ks euk;k tkrk gS] us vius tUefnu ij nks ckj ·1960 vkSj 1968 eÍ‚ vke ctV isæ fd`;k ƒk\ mUgkÍus lcls vf|d` 8 ckj vke ctV isæ fd`;k ƒk\ Hkjrh; turk ikVhZ ds` usrk ;æoar flUgk] eueksgu ¯lg vkSj ,u Mh frokjh Hh ds`Unz ljd`kj eÍ fo® ea(h jgrs gq, 29 œ`jojh d`ks vke ctV isæ d`j pqds` gß\ bafnjk xka|h ds` iz|kueaf(Rod`k¥ eÍ 1984 eÍ iz.c eq[thZ us Hh 29 œ`jojh d`ks ctV isæ fd`;k ƒk\ 1952 vkSj 1956 eÍ lh Mh nsæeq[ vkSj 1964 eÍ Vh Vh d~`Æ.kepkjh us 29 œ`jojh d`ks vke ctV isæ fd`;k ƒk\ Hkjr d`k nwljk vke ctV 1948 eÍ Hh 29 œ`jojh d`ks isæ gks ld`rk ƒk] ¥sfd`u jfookj gksus ds` d`kj. 28 œ`jojh d`ks gh bls rRd`k¥hu fo® ea(h vkj\ ds`\ æueq[e ps±h us isæ fd`;k ƒk\ 2004 eÍ ,uMh, ds` æklud`k¥ eÍ tloar ¯lg us ‘¥hi bZ;j’ ds` ckotwn 29 œ`jojh d`ks ctV isæ ugÓ fd`;k ƒk\ blh izd`kj 1996 eÍ rRd`k¥hu fo® ea(h eueksgu ¯lg us Hh 29 œ`jojh d`h ctk; 28 œ`jojh d`ks varfje ctV isæ fd`;k ƒk\

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1555

vnk;fx;kÍ ds` f¥, 1,90,807 d`jksÈM :i,] lqj”k ds` f¥, 1,05,600 d`jksÈM :i, o lfClMh ds` f¥, 71,431 d`jksÈM :i, d`k izko|ku bl ctV eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ iwoZ o"ksÛ d`h Hk∑fr C;kt vnk;xh gh ljd`kj ds` O;; d`h lcls cÈMh en bl o"Z Hh gS\ lqj”k ds` f¥, fd`;k x;k 1,05,600 d`jksÈM :i, d`k izko|ku iwoZ o"Z 2007-08 eÍ fd`, x, 96,000 d`jksÈM :i, ·ctV vuqeku‚ d`h rq¥uk eÍ 9600 d`jksÈM :i, vf|d` gS] tcfd` laæksf|r vuqekukÍ ls ;g 13,100 d`jksÈM :i, vf|d` gS\ 1,05,600 d`jksÈM :i, ds` lqj”k O;; eÍ 48,007 d`jksÈM :i, d`k vkoaVu iw∑thxr O;; ds` f¥, gS\

ƒk] fd`Urq laæksf|r vuqekukÍ ds` vuqlkj ;g ?kVk thMhih d`k 3·1 ^frær jgus d`h lEHkouk gS\ 2.42%

60000

50000

45,957

40000

200405

200506

1, 71, 971

1, 50, 272

1, 32, 630

1, 26, 934 200405

200607

1, 90, 807

10.95%

200708

200809

KBK

1,05,600 14.16% 1,00,000

90,000

80,000

70,000

KBK

200405

200506

200607

2007- 200808 09

fo®h; o"Z 2008-09 eÍ 7,50,884 d`jksÈM :i, ds` izLrkfor O;; d`h vkiwfrZ 6,02,935 d`jksÈM :i, d`h jktLo izkfIr;kÍ ls rƒk æs" 1,47,949 d`jksÈM :i, d`h vkiwfrZ iw∑thxr izkfIr;kÍ ls d`jus d`h ckr ctV izLrkokÍ eÍ d`gh xbZ gS\ 6,02,935 d`jksÈM :i, d`h jktLo izkfIr;kÍ eÍ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1556

200607

200708

200809

5,07,150

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;kf(;kÍ d`ks lqfo|k,a ;k(h lqfo|kvkÍ d`k foLrkj d`jus ds` f¥, tks d`ne js¥os }kjk mBk, tk jgs gß] mud`k C;ksjk izLrqr d`jrs gq, ctV eÍ crk;k x;k gS fd` vc ;k(h ?j cSBs vius d`EI;wVj] eksckb¥ ls] vius x¥h eksgY¥s eÍ gh cus d`kmaVj] LVsæukÍ ij ¥xs vkWVksesfVd` fVd`V oÍfMax eæhu ls fVd`V [jhn izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1560

ldÍ`xs\ vx¥s nks o"ksÛ eÍ ;wVh,l d`kmaVlZ d`h la“;k 3 gtkj ls cÈ
ds` f¥, lHh vk|qfud` lqfo|k,a mi¥C| gß\ js¥os us fu.Z; f¥;k gS fd` ekpZ 2010 rd` lHh jkt|kuh ,oa ekpZ 2011 rd` lHh ærkCnh xkfÈM;kÍ eÍ ,¥,pch d`ksp ¥xk fn, x, tk,axs\ es¥/,Dlizsl xkfÈM;kÍ eÍ LVsu¥sl LVh¥ ds` ,¥,pch d`kspkÍ d`k izko|ku d`jus] ;k(h xkfÈM;kÍ eÍ vkWu ¥kbu lœ`kbZ d`h O;oLƒk d`jus] pq u Ónk es¥/ ,Dlizsl xkfÈM;kÍ eÍ lokjh fMCckÍ eÍ tu mnΩ?ks".k iz.k¥h d`h O;oLƒk d`jus] Mh Js.h ds` lHh 786 I¥sVœ`keksÛ ij æsYVj d`h O;oLƒk d`jus] 30 cÈMs LVsæukÍ ij eYVh ¥so¥ ikfdÛ`x d`h O;oLƒk d`jus rƒk 50 cÈMs LVsæukÍ ij f¥ŒV ,oa ,Lds`¥sVlZ d`h O;oLƒk d`jus] vkjf{kr js¥ fVd`VkÍ ij xkÈMh ds` izLƒku ds` le; ds` lkƒ-lkƒ xUrO; LVsæu ij igq∑pus d`k le; vafd`r d`jus d`h ?ks".k,a Hh js¥ ea(h us vius ctV Hk". eÍ d`h gS\ MsfMds`VsM œzs`V d`kWfjMkWlZ ds` lEcU| eÍ js¥ ea(h us crk;k fd` ¥qf|;kuk ls d`ks¥d`krk ds` fud`V fLƒr nkud`ksuh rd` iwohZ œzs`V d`kWfjMksj vkSj fnY¥h ls ts,uihVh ds` chp cuus ok¥s if'peh d`kWfjMksj d`ks Lohd~`fr ns nh xbZ gS rƒk o"Z 2008-09 ds` nkSjku bu

ubZ js¥xkfÈM;k∑ o"Z 2008-09 ds` nkSjku 10 u, xjhc jƒ o 53 vU; ubZ xkfÈM;k∑ p¥kus d`h ?ks".k ctV eÍ d`h xbZ gS\ buds` vfrfjDr 16 xkfÈM;kÍ d`k foLrkj d`jus rƒk 11 xkfÈM;kÍ ds` œs`jkÍ eÍ o~f* d`jus d`h ?ks".k Hh bleÍ d`h xbZ gS\ izLrkfor ubZ js¥xkfÈM;kÍ d`h lwph fuEuf¥f[r gS% xjhc jƒ 1. t;iqj-p≥MhxÈ< ok;k jsokÈMh-fHokuh 4. cax¥kSj-d`kspqos¥h ·lIrkg eÍ rhu fnu‚ 7. ;æoariqj-iqçqpsjh ·lIrkg eÍ rhu fnu‚ ·lIrkg eÍ rhu fnu‚ 2. fld`Unjkckn-foæk[ki®ue ·lIrkg eÍ 5. jk∑ph-fnY¥h ·lIrkg eÍ nks fnu‚ 8. tc¥iqj-eqEcbZ ·lIrkg eÍ nks fnu‚ rhu fnu‚ 3. okjk.lh-fnY¥h ·lIrkg eÍ rhu fnu‚ 6. tEew roh-d`kBxksnke ·lkIrkfgd`‚ ·;g 9. fnY¥h-t;uxj ok;k iVuk ·lIrkg eÍ nks lsok fiN¥s ctV eÍ izLrkfor futkeqˆhufnu‚ nsgjknwu xjhc jƒ lsok ds` cn¥s gksxh‚ 10. iq.s-ukxiqj ·lIrkg eÍ rhu fnu‚ vU; js¥xkfÈM;k∑ 1. vejkorh-eqEcbZ ,Dlizsl ·lIrkg eÍ nks 19. fnY¥h-tksxcuh f¥ad` ,Dlizsl 37. jk∑ph-Hkx¥iqj ,Dlizsl ok;k D;w¥ ·lIrkg fnu‚ ·lkIrkfgd`‚ eÍ rhu fnu‚ ;g lsok jk∑ph-Hkx¥iqj oukap¥ ·lIrkg eÍ nks fnu ok;k D;w¥‚ ds` cn¥s gksxh 2. psUubZ-frÔpsUnwj ,Dlizsl ·lkIrkfgd`‚ 20. [tqjkgks-fnY¥h f¥ad` ,Dlizsl ·lIrkg 38. ¥[u˜-fnY¥h okrkuq d w ` f¥r ,Dliz s l eÍ rhu fnu‚ ·lIrkg eÍ fnu fnu‚ 3. gSnjkckn-mLekukckn ,Dlizsl ·lIrkg 21. d`kek“;k-x;k ,Dlizsl ·lkIrkfgd`‚ 39. ns g jknw u -fnY¥h okrkuq d w ` f¥r ,Dliz s l eÍ rhu fnu‚ ·lIrkg eÍ 6 fnu‚ 4. Hqous'oj-eqEcbZ ,Dlizsl ok;k lac¥iqj 22. jkeuxj-fnY¥h f¥ad` ,Dlizsl ·izfrfnu‚ 40. vgenkckn-eqEcbZ okrkuqdw`f¥r ,Dliszl ·lIrkg eÍ nks fnu‚ ·lkIrkfgd`‚ 5. ve~rlj-lgjlk tulk|kj. ,Dlizsl 23. d`ks¥d`krk-eqfæZnkckn gtkj nqvkjh 41. psUubZ-jkes'oje ,Dlizsl ok;k ef;¥knqrqjS ok;k gluiqj ·lkIrkfgd`‚ ,Dlizsl ·lkIrkfgd`‚ d`jkbzdq`çh ·izfrfnu‚ vkeku ifjorZu ds` ckn 6. jk∑ph-pksiu ,Dlizsl ·lIrkg eÍ rhu 24. eƒqjk-Nijk ,Dlizsl ·lIrkg eÍ rhu 42. ps U ubZ - f(ÔfpjkiY¥h ,Dliz s l ok;k fnu‚ fnu‚ ef;¥knqrqjS ·izfrfnu‚ vkeku ifjorZu ds` ckn 7. vklulks¥-eqEcbZ ,Dlizsl ok;k 25. Xokf¥;j-bUnkSj ,Dlizsl ·lIrkg eÍ rhu 43. psUubZ-ls¥e ,Dlizsl ok;k o~*kp¥e tlhMhg ·lkIrkfgd`‚ ·bl lsok ds` fnu‚ ·izfrfnu‚ vkeku ifjorZu ds` ckn ifjpk¥u ls gkoÈMk-eqEcbZ es¥ d`h lsok lkrkÍ fnu cjkLrs x;k iqu# mi¥C| gks tk,xh\‚ 8. d`kek“;k-xka|h|ke ,Dlizsl ·lkIrkfgd`‚ 26. mn;iqj-fnY¥h psrd` ,Dlizsl ok;k 44. enqjS-rsud`kæh iSlÍtj ·izfrfnu‚ vkeku vtesj-uhe d`k ƒkuk ·lIrkg eÍ rhu ifjorZu ds` ckn fnu‚ 9. d`kspqos¥h-nsgjknwu ,Dlizsl ·lkIrkfgd`‚ 27. iqjh-njHaxk ,Dlizsl ·lkIrkfgd`‚ 45. foY¥qjiqje-ef;¥knqrqjS iSlÍtj ·izfrfnu‚ vkeku ifjorZu ds` ckn 10. t;uxj-lgjlk tkud`h ,Dliszl ok;k 28. ;æoariqj-tks|iqj ,Dlizsl ·lkIrkfgd`‚ 46. eSlwj-uUtuxqÈMk Vk˜u iSlÍtj ·izfrfnu‚ gluiqj ·lIrkg eÍ rhu fnu‚ vkeku ifjorZu ds` ckn 11. U;w fMczqxÈ< Vk˜u-d`kek“;k ,Dlizsl 29. jkf|d`kiqj-fnY¥h ,Dlizsl ·lkIrkfgd`‚ 47. vgenkckn-ikVu iSlÍtj ·izfrfnu‚ vkeku ok;k eksjugkV ·lIrkg eÍ rhu fnu‚ ifjorZu ds` ckn 12. eN¥hi®ue-cax¥kSj ,Dlizsl ·lIrkg 30. okLd`ksfMxkek-iVuk ,Dlizsl ok;k d`kÍd`. 48. ncksbZ-izrkiuxj iSlÍtj ·izfrfnu‚ vkeku eÍ rhu fnu‚ js¥os ·lkIrkfgd`‚ ifjorZu ds` ckn 13. lwjr-eqtŒœ`jiqj ,Dlizsl ok;k 31. ijknhi-Hqous'oj ,Dlizsl ·izfrfnu‚ ;g 49. gkthiqj-œq`¥ofj;k iSlÍtj ·izfrfnu‚ ubZ vktexÈ<-Nijk ·lkIrkfgd`‚ xkÈMh ijknhi-d`Vd` ds` e÷; p¥us ok¥h ¥kbu ds` ckn ,d` tksÈMh lokjh xkÈMh d`ks fujLr d`j p¥kbZ tk,xh\ 14. ve~rlj-d`kspqos¥h ,Dlizsl ·lkIrkfgd`‚ 32. fc¥kliqj-iq.s ,Dlizsl ·lkIrkfgd`‚ 50. bVkjlh-d`Vuh iSlÍtj ·izfrfnu‚ 15. fnY¥h-iBkud`ksV ,Dlizsl ok;k ve~rlj 33. ds`Unw>jxÈ<-iqjh ,Dlizsl ·izfrfnu‚ 51. æksÔo≥.wj-uh¥kEcqj jksM iSlÍtj ·izfrfnu‚ ·lIrkg eÍ rhu fnu‚ 16. ek¥nk Vk˜u-iVuk ,Dliz s l ok;k 34. x;k-psUubZ ,Dlizsl ·lkIrkfgd`‚ 52. frÔus¥osY¥h-frÔpsUnqj iSlÍtj ·izfrfnu‚ Hkx¥iqj ·lIrkg eÍ rhu fnu‚ 17. bUnkSj-mn;iqj ,Dlizsl ok;k jr¥ke 35. cYgkjækg-eqEcbZ f¥ad` ,Dlizsl ·izfrfnu‚ 53. olbZ jksM-iuos¥ esew lsok ·izfrfnu‚ ·lIrkg eÍ rhu fnu‚ 18. okjk.lh-jkes'ojeΩ ,Dlizsl ·lkIrkfgd`‚ 36. U;w fMczqxÈ< Vk˜u-;æoariqj ,Dlizsl ok;k eksjugkV ·lkIrkfgd`‚

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1561

nksukÍ ifj;kstukvkÍ d`k fuekZ. d`k;Z izkjEH d`j fn;k tk,xk\ mUgkÍus crk;k fd` m®jnf{k.] iwoZ-if'pe] iwoZ-nf{k. vkSj nf{k.nf{k. MsfMds`VsM œzs`V d`kWfjMksj d`k O;kogkfjd` v÷;;u fd`;k tk jgk gS rƒk o"Z 2008-09 eÍ bu ifj;kstukvkÍ ds` fuekZ. d`h Lohd~`fr izkIr d`jus d`h vxzsrj d`k;Zokgh d`h tk,xh\

fotu 2025 ¥hd` ls gVd`j d`h xbZ lksp] okf.fT;d`] lapk¥fud` ,oa ewY; uhfr;kÍ eÍ fd`, x, vfHuo fu.Z; ,oa fofHUu foHkxkÍ ds` chp vkilh leUo; ,oa lkeatL; fcBkus ls js¥os d`k tks fo®h; d`k;kd`Yi foxr 4-5 o"ksÛ eÍ gqvk gS] mls fpjLƒk;h cukus ds` f¥, vx¥s 6 eghus eÍ ,d` fotu 2025 MkD;weÍV rS;kj d`jus d`h js¥os d`h ;kstuk gS] ftleÍ u, fopkjkÍ vkSj ubZ lksp d`ks ,d` u, vankt eÍ isæ fd`;k tk,xk\ bleÍ vkus ok¥s le; ds` f¥, js¥os d`h rS;kfj;kÍ vkSj j.uhfr;kÍ d`k [q¥klk fd`;k tk,xk\ ;g nLrkost vx¥s 17 o"ksÛ eÍ lapk¥fud` fuÆiknu ,oa lsok d`h xq.o®k ds` ¥{; fu|kZfjr d`jsxk rƒk bleÍ fu|kZfjr ¥{;kÍ d`ks izkIr d`jus d`h ,d` d`k;Z;kstuk ,oa mUgÍ izkIr d`jus ds` f¥, tÔjh fuosæ ;kstuk d`k foLr~r mY¥s[ jgsxk\ fd`jk, HkÈMkÍ eÍ d`eh ctV eÍ fd`jk;kÍ eÍ tks d`eh d`h xbZ gS] mlds` rgrΩ ,Dlizsl vkSj lk|kj. iSlÍtj xkfÈM;kÍ ds` nwljs ntsZ ds` fd`jk, eÍ izfr ;k(h 50 :i, rd` ds` fd`jk, eÍ ,d` :i, d`h d`eh d`h tk,xh] ij ;g d`VkSrh ds`o¥ xSj-miuxjh; js¥ lsokvkÍ eÍ ¥kxw gksxh\ ¥Ech nwjh ds` ;kf(;kÍ ds` f¥, es¥ ,Dlizsl vkSj lk|kj. iSlÍtj xkfÈM;kÍ ds` 50 :`i, ls vf|d` ds` f}rh; Js.h ds` fd`jk, eÍ ik∑p izfrær d`h d`eh d`jus d`h ?ks".k d`h xbZ gS\ ubZ fd`Le ds` d`kspkÍ eÍ L¥hij Js.h eÍ fd`jk, eÍ 4 izfrær d`h d`VkSrh fiN¥s o"Z d`h xbZ ƒh\ bl o"Z bleÍ 2 izfrær d`h vkSj d`VkSrh d`h xbZ gS\ u, fMtkbu ds` bu d`kspkÍ eÍ cƒZ d`h la“;k 72 ds` Lƒku ij 81 gS\ blh izd`kj u, fMtkbu ds` ,lh ƒzh fV;j d`ksp o ,lh ps;jd`kj d`ksp eÍ {kerk dz`eæ# 64 ls cÈ
fV;j ds` fd`jk, eÍ 1 : 7 d`k vuqikr j[us d`k fu.Z; fiN¥s o"Z fd`;k ƒk\ rnuqÔi izƒe ,lh ds` fd`jk, eÍ lkr izfrær vkSj ,lh V w fV;j ds` fd`jk, eÍ pkj izfrær d`VkSrh bl o"Z ctV eÍ d`h xbZ gS] ijUrq ;g NwV ¥ksd`fiz; Vs_ukÍ eÍ vkSj ihd` lhtu eÍ ugÓ gksxh\ bueÍ ;g NwV vk|h gks tk,xh\ blds` lkƒ gh ,lh fd`jk;kÍ d`k ;qfDrd`j. iw.Z gksus d`h ckr js¥ ea(h us d`gh gS\ ctV eÍ iklZ¥ vkSj lkeku ;krk;kr d`h orZeku vk|kj njkÍ d`ks ;ƒkor j[us d`h ?ks".k d`h xbZ gS] ij Mht¥ o isV_ks¥ ek¥HkÈMs eÍ ¥xHx ik∑p izfrær vkSj Œ¥kbZ ,æ ds` ek¥HkÈMs eÍ 14 izfrær d`h d`eh d`jus d`h ?ks".k d`h xbZ gS\

:i, vuqekfur gS\ iÍæu fuf| ds` f¥, 9590 d`jksÈM :i, rƒk ewY;Ökl (Depreciation) ds` f¥, 7000 d`jksÈM :i, d`k izko|ku d`jus ds` i'pkrΩ js¥os d`k dq`¥ lapk¥u O;; (Total Working Expenses) 66590·00 d`jksÈM :i, cSBrk gS\ bl izd`kj æq* ;krk;kr izkfIr;k∑ (Net Traffic Receipts) 15311·00 d`jksÈM :i, gkÍxh\

¥ksd`¥qHkou ?ks".kvkÍ ds` rgrΩ js¥ ea(h us ofjÆB ukxfjd`kÍ] væksd` pdz` ikus ok¥s lSU;d`feZ;kÍ] ,MΩl ihfÈMrkÍ vkSj Nk(kÍ ds` f¥, fd`jk;kÍ eÍ fj;k;rkÍ d`h ?ks".k ctV eÍ d`h gS\ fu#æqYd` ekfld` lhtu fVd`V Nk(kvkÍ ds` f¥, 12oÓ ls cÈ
1111·62 d`jksÈM :i, d`h vU; fofo| izkfIr;kÍ d`ks ækfe¥ d`jds` js¥os d`h æq* jktLo izkfIr;k∑ (Net Revenue Receipts) 16422·62 d`jksÈM :i, gkÍxh\ bleÍ ls 4635·88 d`jksÈM :i, ¥kHkaæ (Dividend) ds` Ôi eÍ ljd`kj d`ks mi¥C| d`jkus ds` i'pkrΩ 11786·74 d`jksÈM :i, d`k vkf|D; fuosæ gsrq js¥os ds` ikl mi¥C| gksxk\ 2008-09 eÍ js¥os d`k lapk¥u vuqikr (Operating Ratio) 81·4 izfrær jgus d`k vuqeku ctV eÍ ¥xk;k x;k gS\ bld`k vƒZ ;g gS fd` izfr ,d` :`i;k vftZr d`jus ds` f¥, 81·4 iSls js¥os d`ks O;; d`jus gkÍxs\ ·laæksf|r vkd`¥u eÍ 2007-08 eÍ lapk¥u vuqikr 76·3 izfrær gS\‚ fo®h; o"Z 200809 ds` f¥, js¥os d`h okf"Zd` ;kstuk d`k ifjO;; 37500 d`jksÈM :`i, d`k ¥{; fu|kZfjr fd`;k x;k gS] tks iwoZ fo®h; o"Z d`h vis{kk 21 izfrær vf|d` gS\

Traffic Receipts) 81901·00 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur d`h xbZ gS] tks 2007-08 ds` f¥, laæksf|r vuqekukÍ ls 9146 d`jksÈM :i, vf|d` gkÍxh\ 2008-09 eÍ js¥os d`k lkekU; ifjpk¥u O;; (Ordinary Working Expenses) 50,000 d`jks È M

* 12

js¥ ctV 2008-09 : eq“; fcUnq ,d` n~fÆV eÍ * miuxjh; f}rh; Js.h ds` fd`jk;kÍ eÍ ,d` ls ik∑p :i, d`h NwV\ * ,lh fd`jk;kÍ eÍ pkj ls lkr izfrær d`h d`eh\ * ek¥ HkÈMs eÍ lkekU; Ôi ls d`ksbZ cÈ
* *

* * *

ls 18 vDVwcj] 2008 rd` iq.s eÍ jkÆV_e≥M¥ ;qok [s¥kÍ ds` vk;kstu ds` f¥, iq.s rƒk fnY¥h ds` chp foæs" js¥xkfÈM;k∑\ * fnY¥h ds` ds`Unzh; js¥ vLirk¥ d`ks iwjh rjg ls okrkuqdw`f¥r cuk;k tk,xk\ ¥k¥w izlkn ;kno }kjk izLrqr bl ¥xkrkj ik∑poÍ js¥ ctV ds` izfr ld`kjkRed` :[ m»ksx O;kikj txrΩ us O;Dr fd`;k gS\ ‘fœ`Dd`h’ (FICCI) ds` v÷;{k jktho pUnzæs[j us ctV d`k Lokxr d`jrs gq, d`gk gS fd` isV_ks¥ o Mht¥ d`h
*

lHh fu;qfDr cksMZ ,oa lfefr;kÍ eÍ vYila“;d` leqnk; d`k ,d` lnL; gksuk vfuok;Z\

*

izlwfr vkWijsæu x~g ls lqlfTtr lkr cksfx;kÍ d`h enj pkbYM gsYƒ ,Dlizsl\

*

vkjih,œ` eÍ d`kaLVsc¥ vkSj lcbaLisDVj ds` fjDr inkÍ d`ks Hjus d`h ?ks".k\ d`kaLVsc¥ inkÍ d`h HrhZ eÍ efg¥kvkÍ d`ks ik∑p izfrær vkSj lcbaLisDVj d`h HrhZ eÍ nl izfrær vkj{k.\

Code No. 1611

Rs. 160/-

Upkar Prakashan, AGRA-2 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.upkarprakashan.com

d~`f"xr mitkÍ ds` U;wure leƒZu ewY;kÍ eÍ Hkjh o~f* d`h lh,lhih d`h laLrqfr O``d~`f"xr

mitkÍ ds` U;wure leƒZu ewY;kÍ eÍ Hkjh o~f* d`h lh,lhih d`h laLrqfr O``¥?q m»ksxkÍ ds` f¥, vkjf”r mRiknkÍ d`h lwph eÍ d`VkSrh O``th,e œ`l¥kÍ ds` ijh”. ij loksZPp U;k;k¥; us jksd` gVkbZ O``vejhd`h jlk;u d`Eiuh d`k VkVk dS`fed`Yl }kjk vf|xzg. O``fj¥k;al d`E;wfuds`æal }kjk vœz`hd`h d`Eiuh d`k vf|xzg. O``14 unh ifj;kstuk,a vc jkÆV_h; ifjlEif®;k∑ O``ægjh o xzkeh. ”s(kÍ eÍ vkSlr miHksx O;; eÍ Hkjh varj # ,u,l,lvks fjiksVZ O``lÍpqfj;u cßd` vkWœ` iatkc ds` ,pMh,œ`lh cßd` eÍ fo¥; d`ks lgefr O``vU; egRoiw.Z rF;

d~`f"xr mitkÍ ds` U;wure leƒZu ewY; (Minimum Support Price) ds ` lEcU| eÍ d~`f"xr ¥kxr ,oa ewY; vk;ksx (Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices—CACP) d`h laLrqfr;k∑ ;fn

ds`Unz ljd`kj }kjk Lohd`kj d`j ¥h xbÛ] rks ;g ewY; U;wure leƒZu ewY; d`h ctk; U;wure izfrœ`¥kRed` ewY;kÍ (Minimum Remunerative Prices) d`k Ôi ¥s ¥Íxs rƒk fd`lkukÍ d`ks mud`h mitkÍ d`h ¥kxr ij U;wure 50 izfrær izfrœ`¥ iznku d`jus ok¥s gkÍxs\ fd`lkukÍ d`ks mitkÍ d`h osVsM ,ojst d`kWLV (Weighted Average Cost) ij U;wure 50 izfrær izfrœ`¥ mi¥C| d`jkus d`k lq>ko MkW\ ,e\ ,l\ Lokehukƒu d`h v÷;”rk ok¥s jkÆV_h;

[jhœ` mitkÍ ds` U;wure leƒZu ewY; ·:i, izfr fDoaV¥‚ mit |ku ·lkekU;‚ |ku ·, xzsM‚ eDd`k cktjk/ Tokj rwj ·vjgj‚ ew∑x/mÈMn ew∑xœ`¥h lks;kchu ·d`k¥h‚ lks;kchu ·ih¥h‚ lwjteq[h lhlkee (Sesamum) jkefr¥ (Nigerseed) d`ikl ·ehfM;e LVsi¥‚ d`ikl ·¥kßx LVsi¥‚ oh,œ`lh VqcSd`ks ·:i, izfr fd`xzk‚ *

lh,lhih d`h flœ`kfjæ cksul lfgr

2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09* 550 580 505 505 1360 1370 1400 840 930 1250 1485 1155

560 590 525 515 1390 1410 1500 900 1000 1340 1500 1180

570 600 540 525 1400 1520 1520 900 1010 1500 1550 1200

620+ 650+ 540 540 1410 1520 1520 900 1020 1500 1560 1220

745@ 775@ 620 600 1590# 1740# 1550 910 1050 1510 1580 1240

1000 1050 840 840 2000 2520 2100 1350 1390 2215 2750 2405

1725

1760

1760

1770

1800

2500

1925

1960

1980

1990

2030

3000

31-33

32-34

32-34

32-34

32-34

43·5-45·5

+ 40 :i,

ds` cksul lfgr

vk;ksx us fn;k ƒk\ fd`lkukÍ ij jkÆV_h; vk;ksx ds` bl lq>ko d`ks ÷;ku eÍ j[rs gq, lh,lhih us vkxkeh [jhœ` mitkÍ ds` eke¥s eÍ tks flœ`kfjæÍ ds`Unz ljd`kj d`ks œ`jojh 2008 eÍ izLrqr d`h gß] mueÍ bu ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1564

mitkÍ ds` U;wure leƒZu ewY;kÍ eÍ Hkjh o~f* d`h laLrqfr;k∑ d`h xbZ gß\ bu flœ`kfjækÍ ij fopkj ds` ckn gh 2008-09 d`h [jhœ` mitkÍ ds` f¥, U;wure leƒZu ewY;kÍ d`h ?ks".k ds`Unz ljd`kj }kjk d`h tk,xh\ bl lUnHZ eÍ ;g mY¥s[uh; gS fd` lh,lhih d`h flœ`kfjæÍ ljd`kj ds` f¥, ck÷;d`kjh ugÓ gß\ 2008-09 d`h [jhœ` mitkÍ ds` f¥, tks flœ`kfjæÍ lh,lhih us nh gß] mueÍ |ku d`h lkekU; fd`Le ds` f¥, U;wure leƒZu ewY; 1000 :i, izfr fDoaV¥ o , xzsM ds` |ku ds` f¥, ;g 1050 :i, izfr fDoaV¥ r; d`jus d`ks d`gk x;k gS\ 2007-08 eÍ ;g ewY; ·cksul d`ks ækfe¥ d`jrs gq,‚ ∂`eæ# 745 :i, o 775 :i, izfr fDoaV¥ ƒs\ bl izd`kj |ku ds` ewY; eÍ
@ 100

:i, ds` cksul lfgr

# 40 :i,

ds`

cÈ
u, leƒZu ewY; foxr o"ksÛ ds` ewY;kÍ ds` lkƒ ckWDl eÍ iznfæZr gß\ vk;ksx d`h ;s flœ`kfjæÍ ;fn ljd`kj }kjk Lohd`kj d`h tkrh gß] rks nsæ eÍ d~`f" ”s( d`h ¥kHiznrk eÍ o~f* gksxh rƒk bl ”s( eÍ fuosæ d`ks i;kZIr cÈ
¥?q m»ksxkÍ ds` f¥, vkjf”r mRiknkÍ d`h lwph eÍ d`VkSrh ¥?q m»ksx ea(k¥; us ¥?q m»ksxkÍ ds` f¥, vkjf”r mRiknkÍ d`h lwph eÍ vkSj d`VkSrh xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ d`h gS\ bl lwph eÍ ækfe¥ mRiknkÍ d`h dq`¥ la“;k tuojh 2008 ds` var eÍ 114 ƒh\ 79 mRiknkÍ d`ks bl lwph ls ckgj fd`;k x;k gS\ blls 35 mRikn gh vc ¥?q m»ksxkÍ ds` f¥, vkjf”r jg x, gß\ KkrO; gS fd` 1997 eÍ ¥?q m»ksxkÍ ds` f¥, vkjf”r mRiknkÍ d`h lwph eÍ ¥xHx 800 mRikn ækfe¥ ƒs rƒk bl lwph eÍ d`VkSrh d`k fl¥fl¥k fiN¥s dq`N o"ksÛ ls tkjh gS\ 108 mRikn bl lwph ls 2005 eÍ gVk, x, ƒs] tcfd` 2006 o 2007 eÍ ∂`eæ# 180 o 212 mRiknkÍ d`ks bl lwph ls ckgj fd`;k x;k ƒk\ œ`jojh 2008 eÍ ftu mRiknkÍ d`ks bl lwph ls ckgj fd`;k x;k gS] mueÍ LVsæujh mRikn] fo»qrΩ miLd`j o eSds`fud`¥ mRikn ækfe¥ gß\

th,e œ`l¥kÍ ds` ijh”. ij loksZPp U;k;k¥; us jksd` gVkbZ loksZPp U;k;k¥; us vkuqoafæd` ifjof*Zr (Genetically Modified—GM) mitkÍ ds` ijh”. ,oa mRiknu ij vkjksfir jksd` d`ks gVkrs gq, tsusfVd` bathfu;¯jx ,izwo¥ d`esVh (GEAC) d`ks ;g funsZæ xr 13 œ`jojh d`ks tkjh fd`, gß fd` ,sls u, vuqeksnukÍ ds` f¥, vkosnukÍ ij og fopkj d`js\ blds` lkƒ gh lfefr d`ks U;k;k¥; us ;g Hh d`gk gS fd` ‘tsusfVd`¥h ekWfMœ`kbM’ (GM) œ`l¥ ds` ijh”. d`h vuqefr nsus ls iwoZ tSo lqj”k (Biosafety) lfgr lHh lEcfU|r ig¥qvkÍ ij fopkj og d`js\ blh ifjizs{; eÍ d~`f" oSKkfud` ,e\ ,l\ Lokehukƒu o ,d` vU; oSKkfud` ih\ ,u\ HkxZo d`ks bl lfefr d`h lHh cSBd`kÍ eÍ foæs" vkeaf(r ds` Ôi eÍ cq¥kus d`ks i;kZoj. ea(k¥; d`ks U;k;k¥; us d`gk gS\ th,e œ`l¥kÍ ds` ijh”. ij izfrcU| gVkus d`k ;g œS`l¥k eq“; U;k;k|hæ U;k;ewfrZ ds`\ th\ ck¥d~`Æ.u d`h v÷;”rk ok¥h rhu U;k;k|hækÍ d`h ihB us 13 œ`jojh d`ks lquk;k gS\ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1565

KkrO; gS fd` th,e œ`l¥kÍ ds` fo:* vfH;ku NsÈMus ok¥s v:.k jkWfM_Xl o i;kZoj.oknh laxBu thu d`Eisu d`h ;kfpd`kvkÍ ij loksZPp U;k;k¥; us th,e œ`l¥kÍ ds` ijh”. ij jksd` flrEcj 2006 eÍ vkjksfir d`h ƒh\ vius bl vknsæ eÍ dq`N laæks|u U;k;k¥; us ebZ 2007 eÍ fd`;k ƒk\

vejhd`h jlk;u d`Eiuh d`k VkVk dS`fed`Yl }kjk vf|xzg. ;wjksih; bLikr d`Eiuh d`ksjl ds` vf|xzg. d`h ig¥h o"Zxk∑B ij VkVk lewg us ,d` cÈMk |ekd`k rc fd`;k tc vejhd`k d`h jlk;u {ks( d`h d`Eiuh tuj¥ dS`fed`¥ b≥MfLV_;¥ ^ksMDVΩl bad` (GCIL) ds` vf|xzg. gsrq ,d` lgefr i( ij gLrk{kj mlus xr tuojh ekg eÍ fd`,\ bl d`Eiuh d`h 100 ^fr'kr bZfDoVh ds` vf|xzg. gsrq 1·005 vjc MkW¥j ·4000 d`jksÈM :i,‚ d`h jkf'k VkVk dS`fed`Yl f¥\ (TCL) }kjk pqd`kbZ tk,xh\ bl vf|xzg. ls lksMk ,s'k ds` mRiknu ds` eke¥s eÍ VkVk dS`fed`Yl fo'o d`h nwljh cÈMh d`Eiuh gks tk,xh\ thlhvkbZ,¥ d`h lksMk ,s'k d`h okf"Zd` mRiknu {kerk 25 ¥k[ Vu gS] tcfd` VkVk dS`fed`Yl d`h {kerk 30 ¥k[ Vu d`h gS \ vf|xzg. ds` ckn VkVk dS`fed`Yl d`h dq`¥ {kerk 55 ¥k[ Vu ^fro"Z gks tk,xh\ KkrO; gS fd` VsV¥h Vh ds` vf|xzg. ds` i'pkrΩ VkVk xzqi d`k Vh cSXl ds` mRiknu eÍ fo'o eÍ nwljk Lƒku gks x;k ƒk] tcfd` d`ksjl ds` vf|xzg. ls VkVk lewg d`h VkVk LVh¥ fo'o eÍ ik∑poÓ cÈMh bLikr d`Eiuh gks xbZ ƒh\

gß\ fo»qrΩ] ¯lpkbZ ,oa is;t¥ ls lEcfU|r bu ifj;kstukvkÍ ds` f¥, 90 izfrær fo®h;u ds`Unz }kjk fd`;k tk,xk rƒk jkT;kÍ d`ks ds`o¥ 10 ^frær ;ksxnku gh buds` f¥, d`juk gksxk\ 53200 d`jks È M :i, d`h ¥kxr ok¥h bu 14 ifj;kstukvkÍ ds` f¥, X;kjgoÓ iapo"hZ; ;kstuk ds` nkSjku 7000 d`jksÈM :i, d`h vko';d`rk gksxh\ bu ifj;kstukvkÍ eÍ vf|d`kaæ ,slh vUrjkZÆV_h; ifj;kstuk,a gß] ftUgÍ iÈMkslh nsækÍ ds` lkƒ lEiUu le>kSrkÍ ds` rgrΩ d`k;kZfUor fd`;k tk jgk gS\ ;k fœ`j] ,slh ifj;kstuk,a bueÍ ækfe¥ gß tks vUrjkZT;h; fooknkÍ ds` d`kj. ¥fEcr gß\ unh t¥ lEcU|h eke¥s jkT; ds` fo"; gksus ds` ckotwn bUgÍ jkÆV_h; lEif® Lohd`kjs tkus ds` ds`nzh; eaf(e≥M¥ ds` 7 œ`jojh] 2008 ds` œS`l¥s d`ks ds`Unzh; t¥ lalk|u ea(h lSœq`ˆhu lksÈt us vfr egRoiw.Z crk;k gS\ bUgÍ jkÆV_h; lEif® ?ksf"r d`jus d`k izLrko t¥ lalk|u ea(k¥; d`k gh ƒk\ lUnfHZr ifj;kstukvkÍ eÍ i\ caxk¥ d`h rksLrk cSjst] iatkc eÍ jkoh unh ij ækgiqj d`kaMh ifj;kstuk] tEew-d`'ehj eÍ fpukc ij cjlj ifj;kstuk o m> cgqmˆsæh; ifj;kstuk o fgekp¥ iznsæ eÍ fpukc ij fxIlk ifj;kstuk vkfn ækfe¥ gß\

ægjh o xzkeh. ”s(kÍ eÍ vkSlr miHksx O;; eÍ Hkjh varj # ,u,l,lvks fjiksVZ

jkÆV_h; uewuk losZ”. laxBu d`h ,d` rktk fjiksVZ ds` vuqlkj fj¥k;al d`E;wfuds`æal }kjk vœz`hd`h ns æ eÍ xz k eh. ,oa ægjh ”s(kÍ eÍ miHksx d`Eiuh d`k vf|xzg. O;; eÍ cÈ M k vUrj cuk gqvk gS\ vf[¥ vfu¥ vEckuh lewg d`h fj¥k;al Hkjrh; Lrj ij ægjh ”s(kÍ eÍ izfr O;fDr d`E;wfuds`æal f¥\ (RCL) us viuh ,d` vkS l r ekfld` miHksx O;; 1171 :i, vuq"axh d`Eiuh ds` ek÷;e ls vœz`hd`k eÍ ;qxkaMk fLƒr d`Eiuh vuqie X¥ksc¥ lkWŒV tgk∑ blus vkd`f¥r fd`;k gS] ogÓ xzkeh. ·;w‚ f¥\ d`k vf|xzg. xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ ”s(kÍ eÍ ;g 625 :i, gh ik;k x;k gS\ fd`;k gS\ vf|xzghr d`Eiuh d`ks ;qxkaMk eÍ bueÍ Hh cÈMs ”s(kÍ eÍ tula“;k vfr tu lsok,a o lEcfU|r vk|kfjd` lajpuk n;uh; fLƒfr eÍ thou;kiu d`jus d`ks lsok,a mi¥C| d`jkus ds` f¥, ogk∑ d`h etcwj gS\ fjiksVZ eÍ crk;k x;k gS fd` ljd`kj ls ¥kblÍl izkIr gS\ blls fj¥k;al xzkeh. ”s(kÍ eÍ 19 izfrær tula“;k d`k d`E;wfuds`æal ds` f¥, ;qxkaMk eÍ nwjlapkj vkSlr ekfld` O;; 365 :i, izfrekg lsok,a mi¥C| d`jkus ds` f¥, ekxZ izæLr gks ·ds`o¥ 12 :i, izfrfnu‚ ik;k x;k gS] x;k gS\ blds` f¥, ¥xHx 50 d`jksÈM MkW¥j tcfd` ægjh ”s(kÍ eÍ 22 izfrær tula“;k d`k fuosæ ogk∑ d`jus d`h d`Eiuh d`h ;kstuk 580 :i, izfrekg ·19 :i, izfrfnu‚ eÍ gS\ gh thou;kiu d`jrh gS\ fjiksVZ ds` vuqlkj ægjh ”s(kÍ eÍ dq`¥ O;; d`k vkSlru 53 14 unh ifj;kstuk,a vc jkÆV_h; ^frær o xzkeh. ”s(kÍ eÍ 40 ^frær Hkx ¥ksx Hkstu ij O;; d`jrs gß\ bleÍ crk;k ifjlEif®;k∑ x;k gS fd` jlksbZ xSl ij d`jksÈMkÍ :i, ds`Unz ljd`kj us ufn;kÍ ij fuekZ.k|hu lfClMh ds` Ôi eÍ mi¥C| d`jk, tkus ds` 14 fofHUu ifj;kstukvkÍ d`ks jkÆV_h; ckotwn ægjh ”s(kÍ eÍ 40–75 izfrær ?jkÍ ifjlEif®;k∑ xr 7 œ`jojh d`ks ?ksf"r d`h eÍ o xzkeh. ”s(kÍ eÍ 9 ^frær ?jkÍ eÍ gh (NSSO)

jlksbZ xSl mi¥C| gS\ xzkeh. ”s(kÍ eÍ 74 izfrær ?jkÍ eÍ bÛ|u ds` f¥, ¥d`fÈM;kÍ d`k mi;ksx fd`;k tkrk gS\ pquÓnk jkT;kÍ eÍ ægjh o xzkeh. ”s(kÍ eÍ vkSlr ekfld` miHksDrk O;; ds` vk∑d`ÈMs fuEuf¥f[r rkf¥d`k eÍ nækZ, x, gß%

izeq[ jkT;kÍ eÍ xzkeh. vkSj ægjh ”s(kÍ eÍ izfr O;fDr ekfld` vkSlr miHksx O;; jkT;

xzkeh. ·:`i,‚

N®hlxÈ< fcgkj m®j iznsæ mÈMhlk >kj[≥M e÷; iznsæ d`ukZVd` vf[¥ Hkjrh;

ægj ·:`i,‚

429 465 570 460 469 487 573

1214 684 908 900 1093 982 1154

625

1171

vkWœ` iatkc d`k fo¥; futh ”s( ds` gh ,d` vU; ,pMh,œ`lh cßd` eÍ gksxk\ blls ,pMh,œ`lh cßd` d`h æk[kvkÍ d`h dq`¥ la“;k 1148 ·lÍpqfj;u cßd` d`h 394 o ,pMh,œ`lh cßd` d`h 754 æk[kvkÍ d`ks ækfe¥ d`jrs gq,‚ gks tk,axh rƒk Hkjrh; c߯d`x ds` bfrgkl eÍ vc rd` d`k ;g lcls cÈMk fo¥; gksxk\ bl fo¥; ds` p¥rs æk[kvkÍ d`h la“;k d`h n~fÆV ls ,pMh,œ`lh cßd` nsæ eÍ futh ”s( eÍ lcls cÈMk cßd` gks tk,xk\ 955 æk[kvkÍ ds` lkƒ vkbZlhvkbZlhvkbZ cßd` bl eke¥s eÍ vc nwljs Lƒku ij gksxk\ d`kjksckj d`h n~fÆV ls vkbZlhvkbZlhvkbZ cßd` d`k æh"Z Lƒku ;»fi blds` ckn Hh cuk jgsxk\ fo¥; d`h Lohd`kj d`h xbZ ;kstuk ds` rgrΩ lÍpqfj;u cßd` ds` æs;j|kjd`kÍ d`ks muds` izfr 29 æs;jkÍ ds` cn¥s eÍ ,pMh,œ`lh cßd` d`k ,d` æs;j fn;k tk,xk\

vU; egRoiw.Z rF; fctusl LVS≥MMZ # fgUnh eÍ nsæ d`k ig¥k lEiw.Z vkfƒZd` v[ckj fctusl LVS≥MMZ f¥\ us fgUnh eÍ nsæ ds` ig¥s lEiw.Z vkfƒZd` v[ckj d`k izd`kæu 16 œ`jojh] 2008 ls æqÔ fd`;k gS\ d`Eiuh d`k blh uke ls vaxzsth v[ckj ig¥s gh fiN¥s 33 o"ksÛ ls izd`kfær gksrk gS\ fctusl LVS≥MMZ }kjk fgUnh eÍ izd`kæu æqÔ d`jus ls dq`N vU; izfrLi*hZ v[ckjkÍ }kjk Hh fgUnh laLd`j. d`k izd`kæu æqÔ d`jus d`h lEHkouk gS\

vkW;¥ bf≥M;k f¥\ d`h Lƒkiuk d`h Lo.Z t;arh rs¥ ”s( d`h d`Eiuh vkW;¥ bf≥M;k f¥\ us viuh Lƒkiuk ds` Lo.Z t;Urh o"Z eÍ izosæ 18 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks fd`;k gS\ Lora( Hkjr eÍ ig¥s rs¥ ”s( ·ukgjd`kfV;k] vle‚ o ckn eÍ ,d` vU; rs¥ ”s( ·eksVku] vle‚ d`h [kst ds` ckn iwoksZ®j eÍ rs¥ mR[uu d`h xfr rhoz d`jus ds` f¥, vkW;¥ bf≥M;k f¥\ d`h Lƒkiuk 18 œ`jojh] 1959 d`ks d`h xbZ ƒh\ bu 50 o"ksÛ eÍ Hkjr ds` fofHUu HkxkÍ ds` lkƒ-lkƒ ¥hfc;k] xsckWu] bZjku] ukbthfj;k] lwMku] ;eu o iwohZ freksj eÍ Hh ik∑o blus œS`¥k, gß\ (OIL)

KkrO; gS fd` ,pMh,œ`lh cßd` us futh ”s( ds` VkbEl cßd` d`k vf|xzg. 1999 eÍ fd`;k ƒk] tcfd` lÍpqfj;u cßd` vkWœ` iatkc (CBOP) us 2005 eÍ cßd` vkW œ` iatkc d`k o 2007 eÍ ¥kWMZ d~`Æ.k ”s(h; xzkeh. cßd`kÍ ds` iquiwÛthd`j. gsrq cßd` vkWœ` iatkc o ¥kWMZ d~`Æ.k cßd` 898 d`jksÈM :`i, tkjh d`jus d`k ds`Unz d`k vf|xzg. d`jus ok¥s lÍpqfj;u cßd` cßd` d`k vf|xzg. fd`;k ƒk\ d`k fu.Z; )`.kRed` usVoFkZ ok¥s 27 {ks ( h; xzkeh. rF; ,d` n~fÆV eÍ%

lÍpqfj;u cßd` vkWœ` iatkc ds` ,pMh,œ`lh cßd` eÍ fo¥; d`ks lgefr

æs;j|kjd`kÍ d`h lokZf|d` la“;k ok¥h Hkjr d`h vxz.h d`Eifu;k∑ ∂`\ la\ 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

d`Eiuh

æs;j|kjd`kÍ d`h la“;k ·¥k[‚* 42·0 22·3 20·6 19·8 16·9 15·4 12·5 9·5 8·1 7·35 7·10 6·80 6·40 6·00 5·50 5·40 5·40 5·20 4·95 4·89 4·60

fj¥k;al ikWoj ·vfu¥ vEckuh xzqi‚ fj¥k;al uspqj¥ fjlkslsZÈt f¥\ (RNRL) ·vfu¥ vEckuh xzqi‚ fj¥k;al b≥MLV_ht f¥\ ·eqds`æ vEckuh xzqi‚ fj¥k;al d`E;wfuds`æal ·vfu¥ vEckuh xzqi‚ fj¥k;al isV_ksf¥;e f¥\ (RPL) ·eqds`æ vEckuh xzqi‚ fj¥k;al ,uthZ ·vfu¥ vEckuh xzqi‚ fj¥k;al dS`fiV¥ ·vfu¥ vEckuh xzqi‚ ikWoj fxzM d`kWiksZjsæu (PGCIL) ·lkoZtfud` ”s( d`h d`Eiuh‚ eqaMk iksVZ ,≥M ,lbZtSM ·vnkuh xzqi‚ VkVk da`lYVÍlh lfoZlsÈt ·TCS-VkVk xzqi‚ jkÆV_h; rki fo»qrΩ fuxe ·NTPC-lkoZtfud` ”s( d`h d`Eiuh‚ vkbZlhvkbZlhvkbZ cßd` vkbZ,œ`lhvkbZ VkVk LVh¥ eax¥kSj fjœ`k;ujhÈt (MRPL) buœ`ksfll Hkjrh; LVsV cßd` (SBI) ts,lMCY;w LVh¥ ¥klZu ,≥M Vqczks (L&T) bLikr b≥MLV_ht VkVk Vs¥hlfoZlsÈt

* fj¥k;al

ikWoj ds` vfrfjDr vU; d`Eifu;kÍ ds` æs;j|kjd`kÍ d`h la“;k fnlEcj

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1566

2007 ds`

var d`h gS\

cßd`kÍ ds` iquiwÛthd`j. ds` f¥, 1795·97 d`jksÈM :i, d`h vko';d`rk ds ` Unz ljd`kj us vkd`f¥r d`h Fkh\ bleÍ ds`Unz o jkT;kÍ d`h fgLlsnkjh 50-50 ^fr'kr ds` vuqikr eÍ gksuh gS\ bl jkgr iSds`t eÍ ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` fgLls d`h 50 ^fr'kr jkf'k ·897·98 d`jksÈM :i,‚ tkjh d`jus d`k fu.Z; ds`Unz us ¥s f¥;k gS\ ;g œS`l¥k ^|kuea(h MkW\ eueksgu flag d`h v÷;{krk ok¥h vkfFkZd` eke¥kÍ ij efU(e≥M¥h; lfefr (CCEA) us xr 30 tuojh d`h cSBd` eÍ fd`;k\ ds`Unz ljd`kj d`h ;g fgLlsnkjh jkT;kÍ ds` fgLls ds` lkFk gh tkjh d`h tk,xh\

baVhxz¥ d`ksp œS`DV_h eÍ fufeZr d`kspkÍ d`k vaxks¥k d`ks fu;kZr Hkjrh; js¥os us ,d` cÈMh mi¥fC| xr tuojh ekg eÍ ml le; izkIr d`h tc mld`h psUubZ eÍ isjEcwj fLƒr baVhxz¥ d`ksp œS`DV_h eÍ fod`flr ,oa fufeZr 15 Mh,e;w (DMU— Diesel Multiple Units) d`kspkÍ d`k fu;kZr vaxks¥k d`ks fd`;k x;k\ js¥ jkT; ea(h vkj\ os¥w us xr 31 tuojh d`ks psUubZ canjxkg ij js¥os ds` viuh fd`Le ds` bl ig¥s fu;kZr d`ks >aMh fn[kbZ\ fu;kZfrr 15 Mh,e;w d`kspkÍ eÍ rhu d`ksp ok¥h Lopkf¥r nq?ZVuk jkgr xkÈMh Hh ækfe¥ ƒh\ bl volj ij js¥ jkT;ea(h os¥w us d`gk fd` bl fu;kZr ls ,sls vU; fu;kZrkÍ ds` f¥, ekxZ izæLr gksxk\

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fgUn egklkxj ds` rVorhZ ns'kkÍ eÍ ukSlSfud` lg;ksx gsrq laLFkkxr ra( ds` xBu d`ks lgefr O``fgUn

egklkxj ds` rVorhZ ns'kkÍ eÍ ukSlSfud` lg;ksx gsrq laLFkkxr ra( ds` xBu d`ks lgefr O``Ôlh ^|kuea(h foDVj tqcd`kso d`h Hkjr ;k(k O``MsUekdZ` ds` ^|kuea(h jkleqlsu d`h Hkjr ;k(k O``d`kslksoks }kjk lfcZ;k ls LorU(rk d`h ?ks".k # ekU;rk ij jkÆV_kÍ eÍ erHsn O``rEckdw` ds` [rjkÍ ds` ^fr fo'o LokLF; laxBu d`h fjiksVZ O``e¥sf'k;k eÍ laln Hax # nks ekg eÍ pquko O``vUrjkZÆV_h; LoPNrk o"Z eÍ LoPNrk d`k ;w,uvks d`k vkÿku O``csd`kcw tklwlh mixzg d`ks vUrfj{k eÍ gh uÆV d`jus eÍ vejhd`k d`ks lœ`¥rk O``fœ`ns¥ d`kL(ks ds` R;kxi( ds` ckn muds` NksVs HkbZ jkm¥ d`kL(ks cus D;wck ds` u, jkÆV_ifr O``ikfd`Lrku eÍ vke pquko lEiUu # xBcU|u ljd`kj gsrq ekxZ ^'kLr O``laf{kIrd`h

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1567

fgUn egklkxj ls tqÈMs ns'kkÍ d`h ukSlsukvkÍ ,oa rVj{kd` c¥kÍ ds` ^eq[kÍ d`h nks fnolh; laxksÆBh lg lEes¥u ubZ fnY¥h eÍ 14-15 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks lEiUu gqvk\ ‘bafM;u vks'ku uso¥ flaiksft;e’ (IONS) uke ls ;g laxksÆBh Hkjrh;

flafMds`VkÍ ls mUgÍ |u fe¥rk gS\ ;s leqnzkÍ d`h fo'kk¥rk d`k iwjk œ`k;nk mBkrs gß\ ,sls eÍ lHh rVorhZ ns'kkÍ ds` ukSlSfud`kÍ d`ks blds` f¥, lg;ksx d`juk gksxk\ laxksÆBh d`ks j{kk ea(h ,\ ds`\ ,aVuh us Hh lEcksf|r fd`;k\ nks fnu d`h bl laxksÆBh eÍ fgUn egklkxj ds` rVorhZ 27 ns'kkÍ us viuh ukSlsukvkÍ ds` chp lg;ksx ds` f¥, laLFkkxr rU( LFkkfir d`jus d`k œS`l¥k fd`;k gS\ ;g rU( bu ns'kkÍ ds` chp fu;fer ckrphr vkSj tkud`kjh ds` vknku-^nku ds` f¥, eap d`k d`ke d`jsxk] rkfd` iksrkÍ o leqnzh lalk|ukÍ d`h lqj{kk lqfuf'pr gks lds`\ eap d`h v÷;{krk o lfpok¥; ckjh-ckjh ls ifjofrZr gkÍxs rFkk bld`h vof| nks-nks o"Z d`h gksxh\

Ôlh ^|kuea(h foDVj tqcd`kso d`h Hkjr ;k(k Ôl ds` iz|kuea(h foDVj tqcd`kso xr 12-13 œ`jojh d`ks nks fnu d`h Hkjr d`h ;k(k ij jgs\ mud`h ;g ;k(k Hkjrh; ^|kuea(h eueksgu flag d`h Ôl ;k(k ds` rhu ekg ds` Hhrj gh lEiUu gqbZ\ f}i{kh; f'k[j okrkZ ds` f¥, fgUn egklkxj ds` rVorhZ ns'kkÍ d`h ukSlSfud` MkW\ eueksgu flag us 11-12 uoEcj] 2007 laxksÆBh eÍ ^|kuea(h eueksgu flag d`ks gh Ôl d`h ;k(k d`h Fkh\ f'k[j okrkZ ukSlsuk d`h ig¥ ij vk;ksftr d`h xbZ Fkh\ ds` rhu ekg ds` Hhrj gh Ôlh ^|kuea(h d`h ukSlsuk ^eq[ lqjh'k esgrk ds` vuqlkj bl rktk Hkjr ;k(k ls nksukÍ nsækÍ ds` chp B≥Ms laxksÆBh d`k mˆs'; d`ksbZ ukSlSfud` xBtksÈM LFkkfir d`juk ugÓ] cfYd` leqnzh vkrad`okn ds` cÈkSrs ij lgefr ¥xs ¥ksx d`kœ`h laxfBr gß vkSj vUrjkZÆV_h; nksukÍ nsækÍ eÍ cu xbZ gS rFkk blds` f¥, (Victor Zubkov)

le>kSrs ij gLrk”j gsrq vUrjkZÆV_h; ijek.q ˜tkZ ,tÍlh (IAEA) ds` lkƒ fuxjkuh le>kSrs rƒk ukfHd`h; vkiwfrZd`rkZ lewg (NSG) ds` xzhu flXu¥ d`h gh vc izrh”k gS\ f}i{kh; eqnΩnkÍ ij nksukÍ ^|kueaf(;kÍ d`h cSBd` eÍ Ôlh foekuokgd` iksr ,Mfej¥ xks'kZd`kso d`ks Hkjrh; ukSlsuk ds` f¥, mi¥C| d`jkus d`k eqnΩnk Hh mBk\ 12 œ`jojh d`ks gh ubZ fnY¥h eÍ bf≥M;k-jfæ;k œ`ksje vkWu V_sM ,≥M bUosLVeÍV (IRFTI) d`ks Ôlh iz|kuea(h us lEcksf|r fd`;k\ ‘fœ`Dd`h’ (FICCI) o Hkjrh; m»ksx egkla? (CII) }kjk vk;ksftr m»fe;kÍ ds` bl lekxe d`ks lEcksf|r d`jrs gq, Ôlh iz|kuea(h tqcd`kso us d`gk fd` f}i”h; O;kikj eÍ 30 ^frær izfro"Z d`h o~f* d`jds` 2010 rd` bls 10 vjc MkW¥j d`k fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ f}i”h; O;kikj d`ks cÈkSrs (CECA) ij fopkj d`k lads`r Hh mUgkÍus fn;k\ esgeku iz|kuea(h us crk;k fd` Ôlh :i;k )`. d`h jkfæ d`k fuosæ Hkjr eÍ mÈMhlk eÍ VkbVsfu;e ifj;kstuk eÍ fd`;k tk jgk gS\ 1 3 œ`jojh d`ks gh fnY¥h eÍ Ôlh d`¥kd`kjkÍ }kjk izLrqr ,d` lkaLd~`frd` d`k;Z∂`e eÍ Hkjrh; iz|kuea(h eueksgu ¯lg ds` lkƒ Ôlh iz|kuea(h us Hkx f¥;k rƒk Hkjr eÍ Ôl ds` o"Z (Year of Russia in India) d`k æqHkjEH nksukÍ us fd`;k\ ckn eÍ 14 œ`jojh d`ks Lonsæ okilh ls iwoZ vkxjk eÍ rkteg¥ d`k vo¥ksd`u Hh Ôlh iz|kuea(h us fd`;k\

MsUekdZ` ds` ^|kuea(h jkleqlsu d`h Hkjr ;k(k Hkjr ds` lkFk f}i{kh; lEcU|kÍ d`ks etcwr cukus ds` mˆs'; ls vius ns'k ds` mPpLrjh; f'kÆVe≥M¥ ds` lkFk MsUekdZ` ds` ^|kuea(h ,aMlZ œ`ksx jkleqlsu (Anders Fogh Rasmussen) us œ`jojh 2008 eÍ Hkjr d`h ;k(k d`h\ rhu fnu d`h mud`h bl ;k(k ds` nkSjku nksukÍ nsækÍ ds` chp rhu egRoiw.Z le>kSrkÍ ij gLrk”j fd`, x, gß\ bueÍ ls ,d` le>kSrs ds` rgrΩ ,d` f}i”h; la;qDr vk;ksx d`k xBu ikjLifjd` lg;ksx lao*Zu gsrq fd`;k tk,xk\ ;g vk;ksx jktuhfrd`] vkfƒZd`] okf.fT;d`] oSKkfud`] ^kS»ksfxd`h;] æks|] ˜tkZ] i;kZoj.h;] fæ”k ,oa laLd~`fr lfgr ikjLifjd` fgr ds` lHh ”s(kÍ eÍ lg;ksx d`ks foLr~r ,oa xgu d`jus d`h fnæk eÍ d`ke d`jsxk\ gLrk”fjr le>kSrkÍ eÍ ,d` le>kSrk ˜tkZ ds` ”s( eÍ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1568

lg;ksx o rhljk le>kSrk ikjLifjd` jktuf;d`kÍ d`ks lqfo|k,a mi¥C| d`jkus ls lEcfU|r gS\ iz|kuea(h eueksgu ¯lg ds` lkƒ esgeku iz|kuea(h d`h ckrphr eÍ Hkjr ds` f¥, MsUekdZ` d`h fod`kl lgk;rk d`ks iquthZou iznku d`jus d`k eqˆk Hh mBk\ bl eke¥s eÍ MsUekdZ` d`h ærksÛ ds` izfr cgqr :fp Hkjr us iznfæZr ug˝Ó d`h\ izLrkfor fod`kl lgk;rk d`ks ekuokf|d`kjkÍ o ¥ksd`rkaf(d` tkxÔd`rk ls lEc* d`jus d`k lq>ko MsUekdZ` us fn;k ƒk\ MsUekdZ` us Hkjr d`ks nh tkus ok¥h vkfƒZd` lgk;rk 1998 ds` iks[j. ijek.q ijh”. ds` ckn cUn d`j nh ƒh\

rEckdw` ij vadq`'k gsrq fo'o LokLF; laxBu }kjk lq>kbZ Ng lw(h; uhfr ● ● ● ● ● ●

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d`kslksoks }kjk lfcZ;k ls LorU(rk d`h ?ks".k # ekU;rk ij jkÆV_kÍ eÍ erHsn lfcZ;kbZ ^kUr d`kslksoks (Kosovo) us lfcZ;k ls v¥x gksd`j Lo;a d`ks ,d` LorU( jkÆV_ xr 17 œ`jojh d`ks ?ksf"r d`j fn;k gS\ LorU( jkÆV_ ds` Ôi eÍ ekU;rk ds` f¥, d`kslksoks us lfcZ;k lfgr la;qDr jkÆV_ la? ds` lHh 192 lnL;kÍ d`ks i( ^sf"r fd`, gß rFkk la;qDr jkÆV_ la? eÍ Hh blds` f¥, vuqjks| mlds` }kjk fd`;k x;k gS\ d`kslksoks d`h bl ?ks".k d`ks vejhd`k o ;wjksi us tgk∑ leFkZu ^nku fd`;k gS] ogÓ Ôl] phu] Lisu o Jh¥ad`k lfgr vusd` ns'kkÍ us mlds` bl œS`l¥s d`h d`ÈMh vk¥kspuk d`h gS\ d`kslksoks d`ks LorU( jkÆV_ ds` Ôi eÍ leFkZu ^nku d`jus ds` fd`lh Hh d`ne ds` ^fr d`ÈMh ^frfdz`;k O;Dr d`jrs gq, Ôl us blds` xEHhj ifj.kekÍ d`h psrkouh nh gS vkSj d`gk fd` blls fo'o ds` d`bZ ns'kkÍ eÍ {ks(h; v¥xkookn d`ks c¥ fe¥sxk\ d`kslksoks d`ks LorU( jkÆV_ ds` Ôi eÍ ekU;rk ^nku d`jus ok¥k ig¥k ns'k vejhd`k Fkk] ftlus 17 œ`jojh d`ks gh mls ekU;rk ^nku d`j nh Fkh\ ;wjksi ds` fczVsu] œz`kal] teZuh o bV¥h ds` lkFk-lkFk vœ`xkfuLrku us Hh mlh fnu ekU;rk ns nh Fkh\ Hkjr us bl eke¥s eÍ l|h gqbZ ^frfdz`;k O;Dr d`jrs gq, d`gk gS\ og d`kslksoks d`h LorU(rk d`h ?ks".k ds` d`kuwuh ig¥qvkÍ d`k v÷;;u d`j jgk gS\ fons'k ea(h ^.c eq[thZ us œ`jojh 2008 eÍ viuh czkth¥ ;k(k ds` nkSjku czkth¥h fons'k ea(h ds` lkFk la;qDr Ôi ls ;g c;ku tkjh fd`;k gS\ m|j la;qDr jkÆV_ egklfpo cku d`h-ewu us Hh bl eke¥s eÍ rVLFkrk ^nf'kZr d`jrs gq, d`gk gS fd` fd`lh ns'k d`ks ekU;rk nsuk ;k u nsuk ns'kkÍ d`k viuk vf|d`kj gS rFkk la;qDr jkÆV_ lfpok¥; d`k blls d`ksbZ ¥suk nsuk ugÓ gS\ mUgkÍus d`gk gS fd` la;qDr jkÆV_ ds` fd`lh rktk œS`l¥s d`h vuqifLFkfr eÍ lqj{kk ifj"nΩ ds` 1999 ds` ^Lrko la“;k 1244 ds` vuqÔi d`k;Zokgh tkjh jgsxh rFkk d`kslksoks eÍ la;qDr jkÆV_ fe'ku (USMIK) viuk d`k;Z tkjh j[sxk\ KkrO; gS fd` 1998-99 eÍ d`kslksoks eÍ x~g;q* d`h lekfIr ds` i'pkrΩ lqj{kk ifj"nΩ us vius bl ^Lrko ds` tfj, d`kslksoks d`ks lfcZ;kbZ lE^qHrk ds` rgrΩ Lok;® ^kUr d`k ntkZ ^nku fd`;k Fkk rFkk viuk fe'ku (USMIK) ogk∑ rSukr fd`;k Fkk\ ¥xHx 20 ¥k[ tula“;k ok¥s d`kslksoks eÍ 88 ^fr'kr tula“;k vYckfu;kbZ ew¥ d`h gS rFkk 'ks" 7 ^fr'kr tula“;k lfcZ;kbZ vkSj 5 ^fr'kr vU; gS\ vYckfu;kbZ tgk∑ lfcZ;k ls v¥x gksus d`k t'u euk jgs gß] ogÓ lcksÛ us vktknh d`h ?ks".k ds` fo:* ^n'kZu ogk∑ fd`, gß\

rEckdw` ds` [rjkÍ ds` ^fr fo'o LokLF; laxBu d`h fjiksVZ rEckdw` ds` [rjkÍ ds` ^fr tkxÔd`rk ¥kus ds` mˆs'; ls fo'o LokLF; laxBu (WHO) d`h ,d` fjiksVZ U;w;kWdZ` eÍ xr 7 œ`jojh d`ks tkjh d`h xbZ\ X¥ksc¥ VqcSd`ks ,ihMSfed`-2008 'kh"Zd` ls tkjh bl fjiksVZ eÍ crk;k x;k gS fd` fofHUu ljd`kjkÍ }kjk fo'oHj eÍ ^fr o"Z 200 vjc MkW¥j ls vf|d` jktLo rEckdw` ij d`jkÍ ls ^kIr fd`;k tkrk gS] fd`Urq bl jkf'k d`k ·002 Hkx Hh rEckdw` ds` lsou ij jksd` ¥xkus ds` f¥, [pZ ugÓ fd`;k tkrk\ fjiksVZ eÍ

rEckdw` ds` [rjkÍ ds` ^fr vkxkg d`jrs gq, jkÆV_kÍ d`h ljd`kjkÍ ls ;g vih¥ d`h xbZ gS fd` os rEckdw` ds` izlkj ij vadq`æ d`h fnæk eÍ izHkoh d`ne mBk,a\ fjikVZ eÍ crk;k x;k gS fd` 20 oÓ lnh eÍ fo'oHj eÍ 10 d`jksÈM ¥ksxkÍ d`h e~R;q rEckdw` ds` d`kj. gqbZ ƒh rƒk ;fn le; jgrs d`ne u mBk, x,] rks 21oÓ lnh eÍ ,d` vjc ¥ksx bld`k fæd`kj cu ld`rs gß\ fjiksVZ ds` vuqlkj rEckdw` ds` lsou ds` d`kj. fo'o eÍ orZeku eÍ izfro"Z 54 ¥k[ ¥ksxkÍ d`h e~R;q œs`œ`ÈMkÍ ds` dß`lj] ≤n; jksx o vU; chekfj;kÍ ls gksrh gS\ leqfpr jksd` ds` vHko eÍ 2030 rd` ,slh ekSrkÍ d`h la“;k 80 ¥k[ ls vf|d` izfro"Z gksxh\

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vUrjkZÆV_h; LoPNrk o"Z eÍ LoPNrk d`k ;w,uvks d`k vkÿku LoPNrk ds` egRo d`ks js[kafd`r d`jrs gq, la;qDr jkÆV_ la? ds` rRoko|ku eÍ pk¥w o"Z d`ks vUrjkZÆV_h; LoPNrk o"Z ds` Ôi eÍ euk;k tk jgk gS\ bl ifj^s{; eÍ la;qDr jkÆV_ la? d`h ,d` fjiksVZ eÍ d`gk x;k gS fd` fo'o eÍ fMœÍ`l ij ftruk |u [pZ fd`;k tkrk gS] mld`k ,d` ^fr'kr Hkx Hh LoPNrk ij [pZ ugÓ fd`;k tkrk\ la? d`k d`guk gS fd` fo'o eÍ 50 ^fr'kr ¥ksxkÍ d`ks lœ`kbZ lEcU|h cqfu;knh lqfo|k,a mi¥C| ugÓ gß rFkk ^fro"Z ;fn 100 d`jksÈM MkW¥j Hh LoPNrk ij [pZ fd`, tk,a] rks 2015 rd` fo'o eÍ LoPNrk d`h leL;k lekIr gks ld`rh gS\ la? ds` vuqlkj ;g jkf'k iwjs fo'o eÍ fMœÍ`l ij gksus ok¥s [pZ d`k ,d` ^fr'kr Hh ugÓ gS\ LoPNrk d`ks egRoiw.Z crkrs gq, la;qDr jkÆV_ fjiksVZ eÍ d`gk x;k gS fd` fo'o eÍ ^fro"Z xUnxh ls gksus ok¥h chekfj;kÍ ls 15 ¥k[ cPpkÍ lfgr 2·6 d`jksÈM ¥ksx ekSr d`k f'kd`kj gksrs gß\ bueÍ 18 ¥k[ ¥ksx Mk;fj;k ls ejrs gß] ftueÍ 90 ^fr'kr ik∑p o"Z ls d`e mez ds` cPps gksrs gß\ fjiksVZ ds` vuqlkj ;fn ns'k eÍ LoPNrk o lœ`kbZ d`k;e d`h tk,] rks cÈMs-cÈMs vLirk¥kÍ d`h vko';d`rk ugÓ jgsxh\ LokLF; fo'ks"KkÍ ds` gok¥s ls fjiksVZ eÍ d`gk x;k gS fd` Hkjr ljd`kj ,d` iapo"hZ; ;kstuk d`k lkjk ctV ;fn lœ`kbZ ij ¥xk ns] rks ns'k eÍ 70 ls 80 ^fr'kr chekfj;k∑ d`e gks tk,axh\ 2008

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1569

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gS] bld`k mi;ksx nq'eu ds` jkWds`VkÍ d`ks fu'kkuk cukus ds` f¥, fd`;k tkrk jgk gS\ vejhd`k ds` bl fe'ku ij ^frfdz`;k O;Dr d`jrs gq, Ôl o phu us d`gk gS fd` blh cgkus vejhd`k us vUrfj{k ;q* d`h viuh {kerk d`k ijh{k. d`j f¥;k gS\ ;g rhljk volj gS tc felkb¥ nkx d`j fd`lh mixzg d`ks vUrfj{k eÍ gh uÆV fd`;k x;k gS\ blls iwoZ flrEcj 1985 eÍ vejhd`k us viuh ok;q lsuk ds` cksbax ,œ`-15 foeku ls ,d` felkb¥ nkx d`j vius ,d` iqjkus mixzg d`ks fu'kkuk cuk;k Fkk\ fiN¥s o"Z] 11 tuojh] 2007 d`ks phu us Hh ijh{k. ds` rkSj ij vius ,d` iqjkus ekSle mixzg d`ks i~Foh ls felkb¥ ¥kap d`j uÆV fd`;k Fkk\ phu ds` bl ijh{k. d`h vejhd`k us d`ÈMh fuUnk d`h Fkh\

vlsEcf¥;kÍ ds` f¥, pquko 18 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks lEiUu gq,\ ;g pquko 8 tuojh] 2008 d`ks d`jkus d`h ?ks".k ig¥s ogk∑ d`h xbZ Fkh] fd`Urq csuthj HqVΩVks d`h gR;k ds` ckn mUgÍ Vk¥ fn;k x;k Fkk\ us'ku¥ vlsEc¥h d`h 345 lhVkÍ eÍ ls 275 lhVÍ gh pquko }kjk Hjh tkrh gß] tcfd` 'ks" 70 vkjf{kr lhVkÍ ds` f¥, euksu;u jktuhfrd` n¥kÍ }kjk fd`;k tkrk gS\ csuthj HqVΩVks d`h gR;k ds` d`kj. ¥jd`kuk eÍ] ,d` vU; ^R;k'kh d`h e~R;q ds` d`kj. ¥kgkSj ds` ,d` fuokZpu {ks( eÍ rFkk rukoiw.Z fLFkfr ds` d`kj. lkmFk othfjLrku fuokZpu {ks( eÍ pquko LFkfxr d`j fn;k x;k Fkk rFkk 272 lhVkÍ ds` f¥, gh ernku 18 œ`jojh d`ks d`jk;k x;k Fkk\ us'ku¥ vlsEc¥h d`h 70 vkjf{kr lhVkÍ eÍ ls 60 lhVÍ efg¥kvkÍ ds` f¥, o 10 vYila“;d`kÍ ds` f¥, vkjf{kr gß\ bu lhVkÍ ds` f¥, lkalnkÍ d`k euksu;u pquko eÍ fuÆiknu ds` vk|kj ij jktuhfrd` n¥kÍ }kjk fd`;k tkrk gS\

fœ`ns¥ d`kL(ks (Fidel jkm¥ d`kL(ks Castro) ds` NksVs HkbZ gß\ og ¥Ecs le; rd` ns'k ds` j{kk ea(h Hh jgs gß\ D;wck eÍ d`E;wfuLV 'kklu d`h uÓo j[us ok¥s fœ`ns¥ us vLoLFkrk ds` d`kj. ns'k ds` 'kklu d`h ckxMksj ig¥s gh vLFkk;h rkSj ij NksVs HkbZ jkm¥ d`ks lkßih gqbZ Fkh rFkk xr 19 œ`jojh d`ks jkÆV_ifr in ls viuk R;kxi( Hh mUgkÍus ^Lrqr d`j fn;k Fkk\ jkÆV_ifr ds` Ôi eÍ d`k;ZHkj xzg. d`jus ds` i'pkrΩ jkm¥ d`kL(ks us ns'k eÍ d`E;wfuLV 'kklu tkjh jgus d`h iqfÆV d`h gS\ ,d` vU; egRoiw.Z œS`l¥s ds` rgrΩ D;wckbZ us'ku¥ vlsEc¥h us iwoZ LokLF; ea(h tksl jseksu epkMks d`ks ns'k d`k ig¥k mijkÆV_ifr xr 25 œ`jojh d`ks pquk gS\ 77 o"hZ; epkMks ns'k eÍ d`E;wfuLV ikVhZ ds` laLFkkid`kÍ eÍ jgs gß\

lhVÍ funZf¥;kÍ o vU; NksVs n¥kÍ ds` [krs eÍ xbZ gß\ bu pqukokÍ ls LiÆV gS fd` xBcU|u ljd`kj d`k xBu gh ogk∑ gksuk gS\ jkÆV_ifr eq'kjZœ` d`ks VDd`j nsus ds` f¥, ,d`-nwljs d`h |qj fojks|h jgh ihihih o ih,e,¥-,u us vc vkil eÍ gkFk fe¥k;k gS\ ubZ ljd`kj eÍ ^|kuea(h d`k in ihihih ds` gkFk ¥xus d`h lEHkouk gS\ ihihih ds` usrk e“nwe vehu œ`ghe ds` ^|kuea(h cuus d`k vuqeku jktuhfrd` {ks(kÍ eÍ ¥xk;k tk jgk gS\ csuthj HqVΩVks ds` ifr vkflœ` v¥h tjnkjh o ih,e,¥-,u ds` uokt 'kjhœ` vHh ^|kuea(h ugÓ cu ld`rs] D;kÍfd` ;s nksukÍ vHh us'ku¥ vlsEc¥h ds` lnL; ugÓ gß\ pkjkÍ ^kUrkÍ eÍ Hh xBcU|u ljd`kjÍ gh cu ldÍ`xh\

ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj fotsrk jkÆV_ifr tksl jkeksl gksrkZ (Jose Ramos-Horta) ij jkt|kuh fn¥h (Dili) eÍ tku¥sok ge¥k fd`;k x;k\ r“rk i¥V ds` vlœ`¥ ^;kl ds` rgrΩ fonzksfg;kÍ us mu ij xks¥h 11 œ`jojh d`ks p¥kbZ ftlls og ?k;¥ gks x,\ mud`h fLFkfr uktqd` cuh gqbZ Fkh\

e¥sf'k;k eÍ Hkjrh; ew¥ ds` dS`fcusV ea(h d`h gR;k

e¥sf'k;k eÍ Hkjrh; ew¥ ds` ,d`ek( dS`fcusV ea(h lkeh os¥q d`h dq`N ;qod`kÍ us xr 13 œ`jojh d`ks dq`vk¥k¥Eiqj eÍ gR;k d`j nh\ e¥sf'k;u bafM;u d`kaxzsl ·,evkbZlh‚ ds` ^eq[ os¥q jkt|kuh dq`vk¥k¥Eiqj fLFkr ,d` rfe¥ Ldw`¥ d`h vk|kjf'k¥k j[us ds` f¥, vk;ksftr lekjksg eÍ fgLlk ¥sus vk, Fks\ tgk∑ lekjksg fœ`ns¥ d`kL(ks ds` R;kxi( ds` ds` lekIr gksrs gh dq`N ;qod`kÍ us ?sjd`j x¥k ckn muds` NksVs HkbZ jkm¥ nckd`j mUgÍ ekj fn;k\ dq`vk¥k¥Eiqj ds` ,d` LFkkuh; nSfud` LVkj lekpkj-i( eÍ ^d`kf'kr d`kL(ks cus D;wck ds` u, jkÆV_ifr bl pquko eÍ jkÆV_ifr ijost eq'kjZœ` fjiksVZ ds` vuqlkj ,evkbZlh usrk os¥q d`k leFkZd` ih,e,¥-D;w d`ks d`jkjh ijkt; lekjksg eÍ rfe¥ leqnk; ds` gh dq`N ;qod`kÍ ls D;wck d`h us'ku¥ vlsEc¥h us jkm¥ d`k lkeuk d`juk iÈMk gS rFkk 272 eÍ ls >xÈMk gks x;k Fkk\ os¥q vCnq¥k cnkoh d`h d`kL(ks (Raul Castro) d`ks ns'k d`k u;k 37 lhVÍ gh mls ^kIr gks ld`h gß\ csuthj usr~Ro ok¥h ljd`kj eÍ d`k;Z ea(h Fks\ nSfud` ds` jkÆV_ifr xr 24 œ`jojh vuqlkj fiN¥s dq`N fnukÍ ls rfe¥ leqnk; ds` d`ks pquk gS\ bl in gsrq HqVΩVks d`h ikfd`Lrku ihiqYl ikVhZ lokZf|d` ¥ksxkÍ us os¥q ij vkjksi ¥xk;k Fkk fd` bUgkÍus jkm¥ ,d`ek( mEehnokj 88 lhVÍ ^kIr d`j lcls cÈMh ikVhZ ds` Ôi leqnk; ds` ¥ksxkÍ ds` f¥, dq`N ugÓ fd`;k gS\ Fks\ 76 o"hZ; jkm¥ eÍ mHjh gS\ nwljs LFkku ij uokt 'kjhœ` nwljh vksj dS`fcusV ds` vU; eaf(;kÍ us bu fiN¥s 49 o"ksÛ ls l®k- d`h ikfd`Lrku eqfL¥e ¥hx-,u (PML-N) vkjksikÍ d`ks iwjh rjg ls [kfjt fd`;k gS\ ÔÈ< dz`kfUrd`kjh usrk us 66 lhVkÍ ij fot; ^kIr d`h gS\ 'ks"

ikfd`Lrku eÍ vke pquko lEiUu # xBcU|u ljd`kj gsrq ekxZ ^'kLr

laf{kIrd`h iwohZ freksj eÍ vkikrd`k¥ b≥Mksusf'k;k ls v¥x gksd`j i~FkdΩ` jkÆV_

ikfd`Lrkuh laln ds` fup¥s lnu cus iwohZ freksj eÍ vkikrd`k¥ d`h ?ks".k xr ‘us'ku¥ vlsEc¥h’ o pkjkÍ ^kUrkÍ d`h œ`jojh ekg eÍ ml le; d`h xbZ] tc ns'k ds` izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1570

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æs" i~ÆB 1566 d`k gfj;k.k o iatkc d`h okf"Zd` ;kstuk,a ftu jkT;kÍ ds` f¥, 2008-09 d`h okf"Zd` ;kstukvkÍ d`ks vafre Ôi xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ fn;k x;k] mueÍ gfj;k.k o iatkc Hh ækfe¥ gß\ ;g ;kstuk gfj;k.k ds` f¥, 6650 d`jksÈM :i, d`h o iatkc ds` f¥, 6210 d`jksÈM :i, d`h fu|kZfjr d`h xbZ gS\ bleÍ bu jkT;kÍ d`h foæs" izkƒfed`rk ok¥h ifj;kstukvkÍ ds` f¥, ,d`eq'r ds`Unzh; lgk;rk,a ækfe¥ gß\ gfj;k.k d`h okf"Zd` ;kstuk d`ks 25 œ`jojh d`ks o iatkc d`h ;kstuk d`ks 19 œ`jojh d`ks bu jkT;kÍ ds` eq“;eaf(;kÍ d`h ;kstuk vk;ksx ds` mik÷;” ekÍVsd` ¯lg vkg¥wokf¥;k ds` lkƒ cSBd`kÍ eÍ vafre Ôi fn;k x;k\ gfj;k.k eÍ X;kjgoÓ iapo"hZ; ;kstuk ds` nkSjku 11 ^frær okf"Zd` fod`kl nj d`k ¥{; ;kstuk vk;ksx us fu|kZfjr fd`;k gS\ nloÓ iapo"hZ; ;kstuk ds` f¥, ;g ¥{; 7·9 ^frær izfro"Z d`k ƒk] tcfd` 9 ^frær okf"Zd` o~f* ogk∑ izkIr d`h xbZ gS\ ●●●

'kCn la{ksi (Abbreviations)

vkbZvks,u,l ·vk;al‚%bafM;u vks'ku uso¥ flEiksfÈt;e IONS—Indian Ocean Naval Symposium

O;k“;k%fgUn egklkxj ls tqÈMs ns'kkÍ d`h ukSlsukvkÍ ,oa rjVj”d` c¥kÍ ds` izeq[kÍ d`k ;g flEiksfÈt;e ubZ fnY¥h eÍ 14 -15 √jojh] 2008 d`ks lEiUu gqvk\ Hkjr d`h ig¥ ij vk;ksftr bl ukSlSfud` lEes¥u ·vk;al–2008‚ d`ks mnΩ?kVu iz|kuea(h MkW\ eueksgu ¯lg us fd`;k\ j”k ea(h ,\ ds`\ ,aVuh Hh bl lEes¥u eÍ mifLƒr jgs\ ,√,elh%√kWjoMZ ekdsZ`V d`eh'ku FMC—Forward Market Commission

O;k“;k%d`kWeksfMVh ekdsZ`V d`k fofu;eu d`jus ok¥s bl fud`k; d`ks oS|kfud` 'kfDr;k∑ ,oa Lok;®rk iznku d`jus ds` f¥, √kWjoMZ d`kUV_SDVΩl ·jsX;w¥s'ku‚ ,eÍMeÍV vkWMZuÍl jkÆV_ifr us 31 tuojh] 2008 d`ks tkjh fd`;k gS\ v÷;kns'k ds` }kjk 1952 ds` √kWjoMZ ekdsZ`V d`kWUV_SDVΩl ·jsX;w¥s'ku‚ ,DV eÍ la'kks|u fd`;k x;k gS\ xtV eÍ vf|lwpuk ds` lkƒ gh √kjoMZ ekdsZ`V d`eh'ku d`ks ‘lsch’ d`h rjg d`h oS|kfud` 'kfDr;k∑ izkIr gks xbZ gß\ vk;ksx ds` v÷;” chlh [kVqvk gß\ ,\ ,l\ fx¥%jktLƒku ds` iqf¥l egkfuns'kd` (DGP) ,\ ,l\ fx¥ d`ks jkÆV_h; ekuokf|d`kj vk;ksx (NHRC) eÍ tk∑p foHkx d`k egkfuns'kd` (DG) xr √jojh ekg eÍ cuk;k x;k gS\ jktho xqIrk%m®jk[≥M mPp U;k;k¥; eÍ eq“; U;k;k|hæ jgs U;k;ewfrZ lh\ ch\ Hkos ‘lsch’ ds` u, v÷;” jktho xqIrk d`ks vc N®hlxÈ< mPp us'ku¥ flD;qfjVht fMikWftVjh f¥\ U;k;k¥; eÍ eq“; U;k;k|hæ cuk;k x;k gS\ (NSDL) ds` v÷;” lh\ ch\ Hkos d`ks vc U;k;ewfrZ xqIrk us bl in d`h 'kiƒ xr 2 Hkjrh; izfrHwfr ,oa √jojh d`ks xzg. d`h gS\ bl in ij fofue; cksMZ (SecuriU;k;ew f rZ txnh'k HY¥k ftUgÍ vc ties and Exchange fgekp¥ izns'k mPp U;k;k¥; eÍ eq“; Board of India— U;k;k|hæ cuk;k x;k gS] d`k Lƒku SEBI) d`k v÷;” U;k;ewfrZ jktho xqIrk us f¥;k gS\ cuk;k x;k gS\ bl in ¥h febax ckd`%iwoZ O;olk;h ¥h febax ckd` us n\ d`ksfj;k ds` jkÆV_ifr ds` Ôi eÍ d`k;ZHkj xr √jojh ekg eÍ xzg. fd`;k gS\ blds` lkƒ gh n\ d`ksfj;k eÍ ,d` n'kd` iqjkus f¥cj¥ 'kklu d`k var gks x;k gS\ vejhd`k leƒZd` da`tjosfVo usrk ¥h fl;ks¥ ds` es;j jg pqds` gß\ og n\ d`ksfj;k ds` 10oÍ jkÆV_ifr gß\ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1571

ij ,e\ nkeksnju d`k lh\ ch\ Hkos # lsch Lƒku 18 √jojh] 2008 ls mUgkÍus f¥;k ds` u, v÷;” gS\ nkeksnju] ftUgÍ 18 √jojh] 2005 d`ks lsch d`k v÷;” cuk;k x;k ƒk] d`k bl in ij rhu o"Z d`k d`k;Zd`k¥ 17 √jojh d`ks lekIr gqvk ƒk\ lsch ds` v÷;” in ij lkekU;r# d`k;Zd`k¥ rhu o"Z d`k gksrk gS] fd`Urq vf|d`re 65 o"Z d`h vk;q rd` gh d`ksbZ O;fDr bl in ij jg ld`rk gS\ lh\ ch\ Hkos ‘lsch’ ds` NBs v÷;” gß\ blls iwoZ Hh fo® ea(k¥; o ‘lsch’ eÍ og d`k;ZjrΩ jg pqds` gß\

jktho pUnz'ks[j }kjk f√Dd`h v÷;” d`k d`k;ZHkj xzg. # g"Zir ¯l?kfu;k ofjÆB mik÷;”%jkT; lHk lnL; o tqihVj dS`fiV¥ ds` eq“; d`k;Zd`kjh vf|d`kjh jktho pUnz'ks[j us ‘f√Dd`h’ (FICCI) ds` v÷;” ds` Ôi eÍ d`k;ZHkj xr 15 √jojh d`ks laxBu ds` 80 oÍ okf"Zd` lEes¥u eÍ xz g . fd`;k gS\ ;g ig¥k volj gS tc d`ksbZ laln lnL; m»ksx O;kikj txrΩ ds` bl laxBu d`k v÷;” cuk;k x;k gS\ ts\ ds`\ isij f¥\ ds` izcU| funs'kd` g"Zir ¯l?kfu;k d`ks bl laxBu d`k ofjÆB mik÷;” rƒk Hkjrh ,aVjizkbÈtst ds` izcU| funsæd` jktu Hkjrh fe®¥ d`ks bld`k mik÷;” lEes¥u eÍ pquk x;k gS\

ckaX¥k ¥s[d` lquh¥ xaxksik÷;k; lkfgR; vd`kneh ds` u, v÷;” ckaX¥k ds` iz“;kr miU;kld`kj ,oa d`fo lquh¥ xaxksik÷;k; lkfgR; vd`kneh ds` u, v÷;” o iatkch lkfgR;d`kj lfranj ¯lg uwj blds` mik÷;” xr √jojh ekg eÍ fuokZfpr gq, gß\ v÷;” pqus x, xaxksik÷;k; blls iwoZ vd`kneh ds` mik÷;” ƒs rƒk v÷;” in ds` f¥, mUgkÍus 20 √jojh d`ks ubZ fnY¥h eÍ lEiUu pquko eÍ KkuihB iqjLd`kj fotsrk vkSj e¥;k¥e ds` e'kgwj ¥s[d` ,eVh oklqnsou uk;j d`ks ikap erkÍ ls gjk;k\ fuorZeku v÷;” xksihpan ukjax ig¥s gh pquko eSnku ls gV x, ƒs\ mik÷;” in ij lafrnj ¯lg uwj d`k pquko fufoZjks| gqvk gS\ lkfgR; vd`kneh ds` v÷;” pqus x, lquh¥ xaxksik÷;k; d`h ¥xHx nks lkS iqLrdÍ` izd`kf'kr gks pqd`h gß\ og ckaX¥k if(d`k ‘ns'k’ ds` la;qDr laiknd` Hh gß\ mUgÍ 2005 eÍ ljLorh lEeku vkSj 1985 eÍ vd`kneh iqjLd`kj ,oa Mh f¥V d`h ekun mikf| fe¥ pqd`h gS\

MkW\ nqxkZHkbZ ns'keq[ iqjLd`kj%efg¥k l'kfDrd`j. ds` f¥, efg¥k ,oa ck¥ d`Y;k. ea(k¥; ds` ds`Unzh; lekt d`Y;k. cksMZ o"Z 2003 o 2004 ds` MkW\ nqxkZHkbZ ns'keq[ iqjLd`kj d`k forj. jkÆV_ifr Hou eÍ xr 5 √jojh d`ks fd`;k x;k\ o"Z 2003 ds` f¥, ;g NBk iqjLd`kj ds`j¥ d`h laLƒk vH; d`ks o o"Z 2004 d`k lkrok∑ iqjLd`kj cs¥xke ·d`ukZVd`‚ d`h oheÍl os¥œs`;j lkslk;Vh d`ks ^nku fd`;k x;k\ th\ Mh\ fcÈM¥k foKku iqjLd`kj (2007) %bafM;u baLVhVΩ;wV vkW√ lkbal ·cax¥kSj‚ ds` izks\ lkaruq HVΩVkpk;Z d`ks dS ` fed`¥ ck;ks ¥ kW t h ,oa ekW ¥ hD;w ¥ j fMtkbu ds` ”s( eÍ muds` ;ksxnku ds` f¥, o"Z 2007 d`k oSKkfud` 'kks| d`k thMh

fcÈM¥k iqjLd`kj fn;k x;k gS\ 1·50 ¥k[ ,d`-,d` ¥k[ :i, ds` mi;qZDr :i, d`k ;g iqjLd`kj 50 o"Z ls d`e mez iqjLd`kjkÍ ds` vfrfjDr ,d` ¥k[ ,d` gtkj ds` oSKkfud`kÍ d`ks muds` mRÎ`ÆV 'kks| ds` :i, ok¥k lkSgknZ lEeku ikus ok¥kÍ eÍ MkW\ f¥, ;g iqjLd`kj fn;k tkrk gS\ d`k¥hpj. pkS|jh ·mfÈM;k‚] MkW\ teh¥ glu ·mnwZ‚ MkW\ Hw". ¥k¥ d`kS¥ ·Mksxjhm®j izns'k fgUnh laLƒku ds` d`'ehjh‚] MkW\ ih\ ds`\ ck¥lqczge≥;u iqjLd`kj (2006) ·rfe¥‚] MkW\ oh\ Mh\ gsxÈMs ·d`UuÈM‚] MkW\ fgUnh lkfgR; ds` ”s( eÍ mRÎ`ÆV jkepUnz jk; ·ckaX¥k‚] flEeh gf"Zrk ;ksxnku ds` f¥, m®j izns'k fgUnh laLƒku ·iatkch‚] MkW\ nkeksnj [ÈMls ·ejkBh‚ ,oa ds` o"Z 2006 ds` iqjLd`kjkÍ d`h ?ks".k ch\ vEck ek|oh ·rs¥xw‚ ds` uke 'kkfe¥ ¥[u˜ eÍ xr 14 √jojh d`ks d`h xbZ\ gß\ 25000 :i, ok¥k ‘fgUnh fons'kh izlkj bueÍ 2·51 ¥k[ :i, d`k loksZPp Hkjr lEeku’ MkW\ ih\ t;jktu o fo'ofo»k¥; Hkjrh lEeku izfl* lkfgR;d`kj MkW\ lEeku MkW\ m"k flUgk ,oa MkW\ d`e¥k'kad`j ijekuan JhokLro d`ks ^nku fd`;k x;k gS\ f(ikBh d`ks fn;k x;k gS\ buds` vfrfjDr o"Z 2004 eÍ izd`kf'kr 20 iqLrd`kÍ ds` f¥, iqjLd`kjkÍ d`h lwph fuEuf¥f[r gS% 20,000 :i, ok¥k ukfer iqjLd`kj] ik∑p Hkjr Hkjrh lEeku iqLrd`kÍ d`ks vkB gtkj :i, jkf'k % MkW\ ijekuan JhokLro vU; ok¥k ltZuk iqjLd`kj fn;k gS\ fouhrk fgUnh xkSjo lEeku % MkW\ dq∑`oj cspSu 'kqD¥k d`h jpuk ‘vius-vius e:Lƒ¥’ d`ks ¥ksfg;k lkfgR; lEeku vkB gtkj :i, d`h jkf'k ok¥k ‘ia\ cnzh %MkW\ ';ke ¯lg 'kf'k izlkn ¯'kx¥w Le~fr’ iqjLd`kj fn;k x;k gS\ egkRek xka|h lkfgR; lEeku d`¥k ,oa laLÎ`fr ”s( ds` e÷; izns'k % MkW\ osn izrki oSfnd` 'kklu ds` iqjLd`kj ia\ nhu n;k¥ mik÷;k; lEeku ·¥rk ea x s'kd`j lEeku] fd`'kksj dq`ekj % MkW\ izHkd`j ”ksf(; lEeku] bd`ck¥ lEeku o dq`ekj xa|oZ voarh ckbZ lEeku lEeku‚ %MkW\ ·Jherh‚ fxjh'k jLrksxh o"Z 2007-08 ds` f¥, e÷; izns'k e|qf¥e;s Le~fr iqjLd`kj ljd`kj d`k izfrfÆBr jkÆV_h; ¥rk eaxs'kd`j %dS`¥k'k panz feJ lEeku ^“;kr ik'oZ xk;d` fufru eqds`'k mi;qZDr iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ Hkjr-Hkjrh d`ks vkSj fd`'kksj dq`ekj lEeku tkus-ekus lEeku ds` rgrΩ 2·51 ¥k[ :i,] e|qf¥e;s vfHusrk] funs'kd`] iVd`ƒk ¥s[d` vkSj Le~fr iqjLd`kj ds` rgrΩ 1 ¥k[ :i, o xhrd`kj eukst dq`ekj d`ks fn;k tk,xk\ jkT; vU; iqjLd`kjkÍ ds` rgrΩ 2-2 ¥k[ :i, d`h ds` laLÎ`fr vkSj tulEidZ` ea(h ¥{ehd`kar jkf'k iqjLÎ`rkÍ d`ks ^nku d`h tk,xh\ 'kekZ us bu iqjLd`kjkÍ d`h ?ks".k 15 √jojh] 2008 d`ks d`h\ jkT; ljd`kj d`k mnwZ lkfgR; lkfgR; Hw". lEeku%,d` ¥k[ ds` ”s( eÍ fn;k tkus ok¥k jkÆV_h; bd`ck¥ :i, |ujkfæ ok¥k lkfgR; Hw". lEeku lEeku iz“;kr mnwZ ¥s[d` bd`ck¥ ethn MkW\ æsjtax xxZ] MkW\ NS¥fcgkjh ¥k¥ xqIr] d`ks fe¥sxk] tcfd` 'kkL(h; laxhr ds` ”s( eÍ mesæ tksæh] vkæk JhokLro] |uat; Lƒkfir jkÆV_h; dq`ekj xa|oZ lEeku ^“;kr voLƒh] MkW\ fxfjtkæj. vxzok¥] MkW\ ok;f¥u oknd` lqJh d`¥k jkeukƒ d`ks fn;k fd`æksjh æj. æekZ] d`kSæ¥sUnz ikaMs;] tk,xk\ bu iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ ¥rk eaxs'kd`j] fd`'kksj nsod`huanu ‘ækar’] o vkseizd`kæ okYehfd` dq`ekj vkSj bd`ck¥ lEeku ds` rgrΩ nks-nks d`ks iznku fd`;k x;k gS\ ¥k[ :i, rƒk dq`ekj xa|oZ lEeku ds` rgrΩ fo»k Hw". lEeku % lR;nso feJ ,d` ¥k[ :i, d`h jkf'k lEeku ifVΩVd`k ¥ksd` Hw". lEeku % MkW\ fo»k fcUnq ¯lg vkSj 'kk¥ Jh√¥ ds` lkƒ iznku d`h tkrh gS\ d`¥k Hw". lEeku ljd`kj d`k izers'k cÔvk %MkW\ mfeZ¥ dq`ekj ƒif¥;k¥ Le~frvle ¥kb√ Vkbe iqjLd`kj%vle ljd`kj i(d`kfjrk Hw". lEeku us lqizfl* xk;d` Hwisu %e|qlwnu vkuan gtkfjd`k d`ks izers'k foKku Hw". lEeku cÔvk Le~fr ¥kb√% MkW\ lS;n vkfl√ gqlSu vkCnh Vkbe vphoeÍV iqjLd`kj ^oklh Hkjrh; fgUnh Hw". lEeku ls lEekfur fd`;k gS\ % xaxk jRu ikaMs; nknk lkgsc √k¥ds` iqjLd`kj ls lEekfur ck¥ lkfgR; Hkjrh lEeku Hw i s u gtkfjd`k gtkfjd`k d`ks muds` %ujs'k pUnz lDlsuk ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1572

;ksxnku d`ks ns[rs gq, mUgÍ ;g iqjLd`kj eq“;ea(h r:. xksxksbZ us xr 8 √jojh d`ks iznku fd`;k\ blds` lkƒ gh dS`fcusV ea(h d`k ntkZ Hh jkT; 'kklu us mUgÍ iznku fd`;k gS\

xzseh iqjLd`kj (2008) laxhr txrΩ ds` vkWLd`j d`gs tkus ok¥s ·50oÍ‚ xzseh iqjLd`kjkÍ d`k forj. ¥kWl

,eh okbugkml # lokZf|d` ik∑p xzseh

,atsYl eÍ 10 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks fd`;k x;k\ bueÍ lokZf|d` ik∑p iqjLd`kj fczVsu d`h uoksfnr ikWi xkf;d`k ,eh okbugkml (Amy Winehouse) ds` uke jgs\ bueÍ fjgkc (Rehab) ds` f¥, fjd`kWMZ vkWœ` n bZ;j] ikWi oksd`¥ ,¥ce vkWœ` n bZ;j lk∑x vkWœ` n bZ;j] loZJsÆB uoksfnr d`¥kd`kj o loZJsÆB efg¥k ikWi xk;d` ds` iqjLd`kj 'kkfe¥ gß\ M_x vksojMkst ds` d`kj. tuojh 2008 eÍ ppkZ eÍ jgh ,eh le; ls ohÈtk u fe¥ ikus ds` d`kj. iqjLd`kj lekjksg eÍ O;fDrxr Ôi ls mifLFkr ugÓ gks ld`h Fkh rFkk lSVs¥kbV ds` tfj, ¥Unu ls gh bl lekjksg eÍ ^Lrqfr mUgkÍus nh Fkh\ bl o"Z ds` xzseh iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ ,d` iqjLd`kj vejhd`h jkÆV_ifr in ds` f¥, tksj ¥xk jgs flusVj cjkd` vksckek d`ks Hh ^kIr gqvk gS\ mUgÍ ;g iqjLd`kj viuh iqLrd` ‘n vkWMsflVh vkWœ` gksi # FkkWVΩl vkWu fjD¥sfeax n ,esfjd`u M_he’ ds` vkWfM;ks laLd`j. eÍ loZJsÆB mPpfjr jpuk Js.h eÍ fn;k x;k gS\ bl o"Z izeq[ xzseh iqjLd`kj fuEuf¥f[r d`ks ^nku fd`, x,% ,¥ce vkW√ n bZ;j % fjoj (River), n tkWuh ¥SVlZ] gchZ gud`kWd` fjd`kWMZ vkW√ n bZ;j % fjgkc (Rehab), ,eh okbugkml lk∑x vkW√ n bZ;j % fjgkc lk∑xjkbVj ,eh okbugkml uoksfnr d`¥kd`kj % ,eh okbugkml jSi ,¥ce % xzstq,'ku (Graduation), d`kU;s oSLV

%bZd`ksl] lkb¥Íl] is'kÍl ,≥M xzsl] œw` √kbVlZ vkYVjusfVo E;wftd` ,¥ce bd`h ƒai (Icky Thump), n ÿkbV LV_kbIl ikWi oksd`¥ ,¥ce % cSd` Vq C¥Sd`-,eh okbugkml da`V_h ,¥ce %nhÈt MsÈt (These Days)¯olh fx¥ da`Vsijsjh vkj ,≥M ch,¥ce % fcd`kWÈt vkW√ ;w (Because of you) usU;ks √hes¥ ikWi oksd`¥ ij√kWesÛl % fjgkc-,eh okbugkml es¥ ikWi oksd`¥ ij√kWesÛl % ÿkV xksÈt vjkmaM ˙˙˙˙˙˙˙d`El vjkmaM tfLVu fVEcj¥sd` jkWd` ,¥ce

¥kWfj;l [s¥ iqjLd`kj

(2007-08)

[s¥ txrΩ ds` izfrfÆBr ukSoÍ ¥kWfj;l iqjLd`kjkÍ d`k forj. lÍVihVlZcxZ eÍ xr 18 √jojh d`ks fd`;k x;k\ ;g iqjLd`kj fuEuf¥f[r f[¥kfÈM;kÍ d`ks ^nku fd`, x,% fo'o ds` loZJsÆB iq:`" f[¥kÈMh (World Sportsman of the year) %jks t j œs ` Mjj

·fLoVΩtj¥S≥M‚ fo'o d`h loZJsÆB efg¥k f[¥kÈMh jkstj œs`Mjj # (World sports ¥xkrkj pkSƒs o"Z woman of the ¥kWfj;l ds` loZJsÆB year) %tfLVu gsfuu f[¥kÈMh

·csfYt;e‚ fo'o d`h loZJsÆB Vhe (World Team of the year)%vDVwcj 2007 eÍ ≠`kal eÍ jXch fo'od`i eÍ bax¥S≥M d`ks √kbu¥ eÍ ijkftr d`jus ok¥h nf”. v≠`hd`h jxch ;wfu;u Vhe\ loZJsÆB czsd` Fkzw (Breakthrough of the year) %¥sfol gSfeYVu ·fczVsu ds` √kewZ¥k–I pk¥d`‚ fo'o d`k loZJsÆB okilh d`jus ok¥k f[¥kÈMh (World Comeback of the year) %ikm¥k js M fD¥√ ·fcz V s u d`h eSjkƒu |kfod`k‚ thouHj d`h mi¥fC|;kÍ ds` f¥, iqjLd`kj (Lifetime Achievement Award) %lxsZbZ cqcd`k ·Ôlh ikW¥ okWYVj‚ loZJsÆB iq:" f[¥kÈMh d`k iqjLd`kj jkstj œs`Mjj d`ks ¥xkrkj pkSƒs o"Z izkIr gqvk gS] tcfd` gsfuu us ig¥h ckj gh mi;qZDr iqjLd`kj izkIr fd`;k gS\ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1573

ds`\ ds`\ fcÈM¥k √kmaMs'ku ds` o"Z 2007 ds` lkfgR; iqjLd`kj ds`\ ds`\ fcÈM¥k √kmaMs'ku ds` lkfgR; iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ ljLorh lEeku] O;kl lEeku] okpLifr iqjLd`kj] fcgkjh iqjLd`kj o 'kad`j iqjLd`kj 'kkfe¥ gß\ o"Z 2007 ds` bu iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ O;kl lEeku d`h ?ks".k tuojh 2008 eÍ d`h xbZ ƒh] tcfd` 'ks" iqjLd`kj √jojh 2008 eÍ ?ksf"r fd`, x, gß\ ;g iqjLd`kj fuEuf¥f[r lkfgR;d`kjkÍ d`ks fn, tk,axs% ljLorh lEeku%mnwZ ds` tkus-ekus lkfgR;d`kj MkW\ uS;j elwn (Naiyer Masud) d`ks muds` d`ƒk laxzg ‘rk˜l peu d`h eSuk’ ds` f¥, ds`\ ds`\ fcÈM¥k √kmaMs'ku ds` o"Z 2007 ds` ljLorh lEeku gsrq pquk x;k gS\ √kmaMs'ku d`k 5 ¥k[ :i, d`k ;g loksZPp lkfgfR;d` lEeku lafo|ku d`h vkBoÓ vuqlwph eÍ 'kkfe¥ fd`lh Hkjrh; Hk"k eÍ foxr 10 o"ksÛ eÍ izd`kf'kr fd`lh mRÎ`ÆV Î`fr ds` f¥, ^nku fd`;k tkrk gS\ o"Z 2006 d`k ;g iqjLd`kj mfÈM;k lkfgR;d`kj txUukƒ izlkn nkl d`ks mud`h mfÈM;k Î`fr ‘ifjdz`ek’ ds` f¥, ^nku fd`;k x;k ƒk\ iwoZ o"ksÛ eÍ gfjoa'k uS;j elwn jk; cPpu] jekd`kar jƒ] fot; rÍnq¥d`j gjHtu ¯lg] 'kelqj jgeku √k:d`h] bafnjk ikƒZlkjƒh] eukst nkl] egs'k ,¥dqa`pokj] lquh¥ xaxksik÷;k; o vk;Iik ikfud`j vkfn d`ks ;g lEeku fn;k tk pqd`k gS\ gfjoa'k jk; cPpu bl iqjLd`kj d`ks ikus ok¥s ig¥s lkfgR;d`kj ƒs\ 'kad`j iqjLd`kj%ds`\ ds`\ fcÈM¥k √kmaMs'ku d`k o"Z 2007 d`k 'kad`j iqjLd`kj izks\ jke 'kad`j f(ikBh d`ks mud`h iqLrd` ‘ckS* n'kZu izLƒku’ ds` f¥, iznku fd`;k tk,xk\ MsÈ< ¥k[ :i, d`k ;g iqjLd`kj Hkjrh; n'kZu] laLÎ`fr vkSj d`¥k ij foxr 10 o"ksÛ eÍ fgUnh eÍ izd`kf'kr fd`lh mRÎ`ÆV Î`fr ds` f¥, iznku fd`;k tkrk gS\ o"Z 2006 d`k ;g iqjLd`kj MkW\ 'kkafr tSu d`ks mud`h iqLrd` ‘¥ksd` xhrkÍ ds` lUnHZ vkSj vk;ke’ ds` f¥, iznku fd`;k x;k ƒk\ 1992 eÍ izkjEH fd`;k x;k ;g iqjLd`kj iwoZ o"ksÛ eÍ izks\ xksfoUn pUnz ikaMs] izks\ j?qoa'k] izks\ fo»kfuokl feJ] ;'knso 'kY;] czteksgu ikaMs] izks\ Î`Æ. ukjk;. izlkn ex|] MkW\ eqda`n ¥kB] MkW\ jk|kcY¥H f(ikBh] vkpk;Z jkeewfrZ f(ikBh] izks\ fo'oEHj ikfg] ^ks\ osn izd`k'k 'kekZ o Hxoku ¯lg vkfn d`ks ^nku fd`;k tk pqd`k gS\ okpLifr iqjLd`kj%ds`\ ds`\ fcÈM¥k √kmaMs'ku d`k o"Z 2007 d`k ·16ok∑‚ okpLifr iqjLd`kj laLÎ`r ds` izfl* d`fo Lokeh jkeHnzkpk;Z d`ks muds` egkd`kO; Jh ‘HkXoZjk?oh;e’ ds` f¥, iznku fd`;k tk,xk\ ,d` ¥k[ :`i, d`k ;g iqjLd`kj laLÎ`r Hk"k eÍ foxr 10 o"ksÛ eÍ izd`kf'kr ;k vuqfnr fd`lh mRÎ`ÆV Î`fr ds` f¥, iznku fd`;k tkrk gS\ o"Z 2006 d`k ;g iqjLd`kj HkLd`jkpk;Z f(ikBh d`ks mud`h iqLrd` ‘lkds`r lkSjHeΩ’ ds` f¥, iznku fd`;k x;k ƒk\ 1992 eÍ izkjEH fd`;k x;k ;g iqjLd`kj iwoZ o"ksÛ eÍ MkW\ txUukƒ ikBd`] izks\ jktsUnz feJ] MkW\ lR;ozr 'kkL(h] i\ vehjpan 'kkL(h] JhHkÆ;e fot;lkfjfƒ] MkW\ jsok izlkn f}osnh] MkW cus'oj ikBd`] izks\ jfld` fcgkjh tks'kh] izks\ ,u\ ,l\ jkekuqtrkrkpk;Z] MkW\ xtkuu ck¥Î`Æ. iYlq¥s] i\ eksgu ¥k¥ 'kekZ ik≥Ms; vkpk;Z ih\ jkepanqMq o izks\ jked`j. 'kekZ o jke;Ru æqD¥ d`ks fn;k tk pqd`k gS\ fcgkjh iqjLd`kj%ds`\ ds`\ fcÈM¥k √kmaMs'ku d`k o"Z 2007 d`k fcgkjh iqjLd`kj d`ƒkd`kj ;'koar O;kl d`ks muds` miU;kl ‘d`kejsM xksMls’ ds` f¥, iznku fd`;k tk,xk\ ;g iqjLd`kj jktLƒku ds` fd`lh ¥s[d` d`h foxr nl o"ksÛ eÍ izd`kf'kr fd`lh mRÎ`ÆV fgUnh jpuk ds` f¥, 1991 ls iznku fd`;k tkrk gS\ o"Z 2006 d`k ;g iqjLd`kj v¥d`k ljkoxh d`ks muds` miU;kl ‘'ks" d`knEcjh’ ds` f¥, fn;k x;k ƒk\ iwoZ o"ksÛ eÍ ;g iqjLd`kj MkW\ t;¯lg uhjt] uUn prqosZnh] gjh'k Hknkuk] MkW\ uUn fd`'kksj vkpk;Z] gehnqY¥k] fctsUnz] fjrqjkt] MkW\ fo'kEHj ukƒ mik÷;k;] MkW\ izHk [srku] c'khj vgen e;w[] izks\ d`Y;k. e¥ ¥ksÈ
cf¥Zu f√Ye egksRlo ds` iqjLd`kj cf¥Zu eÍ √jojh 2008 eÍ lEiUu f√Ye egksRlo eÍ loZJsÆB f√Ye d`k xksYMu fc;j (Golden Bear) czkth¥h f√Ye ‘,¥kbV LDokM’ (Elite Squad) d`ks izkIr gqvk\ 1997 eÍ iksi tkWu ikW¥–II d`h czkth¥ ;k(k ls iwoZ ds` iqf¥l 58oÍ vUrjkZÆV_h;

vfH;ku ij vk|kfjr bl f√Ye ds` funsZ'kd` tkÍl isfMYgk o fuekZrk ekd`ksZl izkMks gß\ ;wukuh ew¥ ds` funsZ'kd` d`ksLVk xkojkl d`h v÷;”rk ok¥h T;wjh us vejhd`h funsZ'kd` bjks¥ ekSfjl ds` o~®fp( ‘LVS≥MMZ vkWijs¯Vx izkslhtj’ d`ks flYoj ch;j iznku fd`;k\ ;g f√Ye ig¥s gh vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj thr pqd`h gß\ o~®fp( d`k

d`ƒkud` vejhd`k d`h bjkd` fLƒr vcw xjsc ts¥ eÍ dS`fn;kÍ ls nqO;Zogkj ij

lS¥h gkW¯d`l # loZJsÆB vfHus(h d`k flYoj fc;j

vk|kfjr gS\ loZJsÆB funsZ'ku ds` f¥, xksYMu fc;j vejhd`k ds` ikW¥ ,aMjlu d`ks fn;k x;k\ mUgÍ ;g iqjLd`kj ‘ns;j fo¥ ch C¥M’ ds` f¥, fn;k x;k gS\ bZjkuh funsZ'kd` ekftn ekftnh d`h f√Ye ‘n lk∑x vkW√ LiSjks’ eÍ Hwfed`k ds` f¥, jst ukth d`ks loZJsÆB vfHusrk o fczfV'k funsZ'kd` ekbd` ¥h d`h ‘gSih xks ¥d`h’ eÍ Hwfed`k ds` f¥, lS¥h gkW¯d`l (Sally Hawkins) d`ks loZ J s Æ B vfHus ( h ds ` flYoj fc;j iqjLd`kj bl egksRlo eÍ ^nku fd`;k x;k\ mY¥s[uh; gS fd` cf¥Zu f√Ye egksRlo d`h x.uk fo'o ds` rhu 'kh"Z vUrjkZÆV_h; f√Ye egksRlokÍ eÍ d`h tkrh gS\ ckŒVk iqjLd`kj%fczfV'k ,ds`Meh f√Ye ,≥M Vs¥hfotu vkVΩlZ ,okMΩlZ (BAFTA)

loZJsÆB vfHus(h # ekfj;u d`ksfV¥kMZ

loZJsÆB vfHusrk # Msfu;¥ Ms ¥qbl

d`k forj. ¥anu eÍ xr 11 √jojh d`ks fd`;k x;k\ f}rh; fo'o;q* ds` le; d`h izsed`ƒk ij vk|kfjr f√Ye ‘,VksueÍV’ d`ks loZJsÆB f√Ye bl lekjksg eÍ ?ksf"r fd`;k x;k\ ‘ns;j fo¥ ch C¥M’ eÍ Hwfed`k ds` f¥, Msfu;u Ms ¥qbl d`ks loZJsÆB vfHusrk o f√Ye ¥k oh ,u\ jkst eÍ Hwfed`k ds` f¥, ≠`kalhlh vfHus(h ekfj;u d`ksfV¥kMZ d`ks loZJsÆB vfHus(h d`k iqjLd`kj bl lekjksg eÍ ^nku fd`;k x;k\ ‘¥k oh ,u jkst’ d`ks loZJsÆB laxhr] ifj|ku o esd`vi lfgr pkj Jsf.;kÍ eÍ iqjLd`kj fe¥s\ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1574

ds` funs'kd` ·√kbuÍl‚ ,\ ds`\ ¯l?¥ us] fjlpZ ,≥M Mso¥ieÍV (R&D) ds` f¥, Hkjr gSoh b¥sfDV_d`Yl (BHEL) ds` (2007) ps Hkjrh; ^cU|d`h; laLFkku (IIM) ;jeSu lgizcU| funs'kd` ,\ ds`\ iqjh us] ¥[u˜ }kjk LFkkfir ¥{ehir fla?kfu;k i;kZoj.h; mRÎ`ÆVrk (Environmental Excellence) ds` f¥, fuos¥h f¥xukbV d`kWiksZjs'ku ds` ps;jeSu lgizcU| funs'kd` ,l\ t;jkeu us rƒk loZJsÆB izcfU|r lkoZtfud` midz`e (Best Managed Public Sector Enterprise) ds` f¥, ;g iqjLd`kj us'ku¥ l√kbZ d`eZpkjhÈt √kbuÍl ,≥M Mso¥ieÍV d`kWiksZjs'ku ds` izcU| funs'kd` ¥f¥r d`ksg¥h us ^kIr fd`;k\

vkbZvkbZ,e ·¥[u˜‚ ds` ¥{ehir ¯l?kfu;k us'ku¥ ¥hMjf'ki iqjLd`kj

ijek.q ˜tkZ vk;ksx ds` v÷;{k vfu¥ d`kd`ksnd`j jkÆV_ifr ^frHk ikfV¥ ls iqjLd`kj xzg. d`jrs gq,

jkÆV_h; tutkrh; iqjLd`kjkÍ d`h Lƒkiuk

us'ku¥ ¥hMjf'ki iqjLd`kjkÍ d`k forj. ubZ fnY¥h eÍ xr 12 œ`jojh d`ks fd`;k x;k\ ;g iqjLd`kj O;olk;] foKku vkSj ^kS»ksfxd`h rFkk lkeqnkf;d` lsok ,oa lkekftd` mRFkku ds` {ks(kÍ eÍ ^nku fd`, tkrs gß\ o"Z 2007 ds` ;g iqjLd`kj fuEuf¥f[r d`ks ^nku fd`, x,% O;olk;%lquh¥ Hkjrh fe®¥ ·Hkjrh xzqi ds` ps;jeSu‚ foKku vkSj ^kS»ksfxd`h%vfu¥ d`kd`ksnd`j ·ijek.q ˜tkZ vk;ksx ds` v÷;{k‚ lkeqnkf;d` lsok ,oa lkekftd` mRFkku%v:.k Mk¥fe;k ·v{k; ^frÆBku d`h laLFkkfid`k‚ ;ax ¥hMlZ Js.h eÍ O;olk; Js.h d`k iqjLd`kj lqfH{kk ds` ^cU| funs'kd` vkj\ lqcz©≥;e d`ks] foKku vkSj ^kS»ksfxd`h d`k ;qok oSKkfud` vkfr'k nkHks¥d`j d`ks rFkk lkeqnkf;d` lsok o lkekftd` mRFkku d`k us'ku¥ ,lksfl,'ku œ`kWj C¥kbaM ds` funs'kd` nhisUnz eukspk d`ks ^nku fd`;k x;k\ iqjLd`kjkÍ d`k forj. jkÆV_ifr Jherh ^frHk ikfV¥ us fd`;k\ Ld`ksi iqjLd`kj (2005-06)%fofHUu ”s(kÍ ds` f¥, o"Z 2005-06 ds` Ld`ksi (SCOPE) eksfjVksfj;l ,okMΩlZ d`k forj. Hkjh m»ksx ea(h larks" eksgu nso us xr √jojh ekg eÍ fd`;k\ lkekftd` nkf;Ro (Social Responsibility) ds` f¥, ;g iqjLd`kj us'ku¥ gkbM_ksb¥sfDV_d` ikWoj d`kWiksZjs'ku (NHPC) ds` ps;jeSu lg-izcU|d` funs'kd` ,l\ ds`\ xxZ us ekuo lalk|u izcU|u (Human Resource Management) eÍ loZJsÆB O;ogkjkÍ ds` f¥, ;g bafM;u vkW;¥ d`kWiksZjs'ku (IOC) ds` ps;jeSu lkƒZd` cgwfj;k rƒk funsæd` ·ekuo lalk|u‚ oh\ lh\ vxzok¥ us] JsÆB d`kWiksZjsV xousÛl (Good Corporate Governance) ds` f¥, jkÆV_h; rki fo»qrΩ fuxe (NTPC)

[s¥] f'k”k] laLÎ`fr] foKku] leqnk; lsok vkfn ”s(kÍ eÍ mRÎ`ÆV izn'kZu d`jus ok¥kÍ d`ks izksRlkfgr d`jus ds` f¥, jkÆV_h; tutkfr iqjLd`kjkÍ d`h Lƒkiuk Hkjr ljd`kj ds` tutkrh; d`k;Z ea(k¥; }kjk bl o"Z · 2008 eÍ‚ d`h xbZ gS\ buds` rgrΩ 5 ¥k[ o 3 ¥k[ :i, ds` ,d`-,d` iqjLd`kj ds` vfrfjDr 2-2 ¥k[ :i, ds` nks iqjLd`kj izfro"Z iznku fd`, tk,axs\ iqjLd`kjkÍ d`h ?ks".k izfro"Z 1 fnlEcj d`ks d`jus d`h ckr ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` vkfne tkfr d`Y;k. ea(h dq∑`oj fot; 'kkg us d`h gS\

jkÆV_h; f√Ye iqjLd`kjkÍ ds` rgrΩ iqjLd`kj jkf'k eÍ o~f* ds`Unz ljd`kj us jkÆV_h; f√Ye iqjLd`kjkÍ ds` rgrΩ nh tkus ok¥h iqjLd`kj jkf'k eÍ Hkjh o~f* d`h ?ks".k √jojh 2008 eÍ d`h gS\ lokZf|d` izfrfÆBr nknk lkgsc √kYds` iqjLd`kj ds` rgrΩ iqjLd`kj jkf'k d`ks tgk∑ 5 ¥k[ :i, ls cÈ
Hkjrh xzqi ds` ps;jeSu lquh¥ Hkjrh fe®¥ d`ks th,l,e ,lksfl,'ku ds` ps;jeSu d`k iqjLd`kj%th,l,e izkS»ksfxd`h ok¥h eksckb¥ √ksu lsok mi¥C| d`jkus ok¥h ns'k d`h lcls cÈMh d`Eiuh Hkjrh ,;jVs¥ ds` ps;jeSu lquh¥ Hkjrh fe®¥ d`ks th,l,e ,lksfl,'ku ds` ps;jeSu d`k iqjLd`kj √jojh 2008 eÍ Lisu lquh¥ Hkjrh fe®¥ eÍ cklhZ¥ksuk eÍ ^nku fd`;k x;k\ nwjlapkj ”s( d`k ;g loksZPp iqjLd`kj Hkjrh ,;jVs¥ ds` miHksDrkvkÍ d`h la“;k 6 d`jksÈM ls ˜ij fud`¥us ds` mi¥{; eÍ mUgÍ iznku fd`;k x;k\

vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj f√Ye txrΩ ds` lokZf|d` izfrfÆBr · 80oÍ‚ vkWLd`j iqjLd`kjkÍ d`k forj. ¥kWl ,atsYl ·vejhd`k‚ eÍ 24 √jojh] 2008 d`ks fd`;k x;k\ ,ds`Meh vkW√ eks'ku fiDplZ vkVΩlZ ,≥M lkbalsÈt }kjk 1929 ls fn, tk jgs lk¥kuk ds` bu iqjLd`kjkÍ d`ks ,ds`Meh vokMΩlZ uke ls Hh tkuk tkrk gS\ o"Z 2007 eÍ ^nf'kZr f√YekÍ ds` f¥, fn, x,\ bu iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ lokZf|d` pkj iqjLd`kj d`ks,u ca|qvkÍ }kjk funsZf'kr f√Ye ‘uks da`V_h √kWj vksYM eSu’ d`ks izkIr gq,\ bueÍ loZJsÆB f√Ye o loZJsÆB funsZ'ku ds` iqjLd`kj 'kkfe¥ gß\ ‘n cwusZ vYVhesVe’ d`ks rhu rƒk ¥k oh ,u jksÈt o ‘ns;j fc¥ ch C¥M’ d`ks nks-nks vkWLd`j izkIr gq, gß\ ‘ns;j fo¥ ch C¥M’ o ‘uks da`V_h √kWj vksYM eSu’ d`ks lokZf|d` 8-8 Jsf.;kÍ eÍ ukekafd`r fd`;k x;k ƒk\ fons'kh Hk"k d`h f√YekÍ d`h Js.h eÍ izfrLi*kZ ds` f¥, Hkjrh; izfofÆV ‘,d`¥O; # n jkW;¥ xkMZ’ ƒh] fd`Urq ;g f√Ye ukekafd`r 5 f√YekÍ eÍ Hh Lƒku ugÓ cuk ld`h\ bl Js.h eÍ loZJsÆB f√Ye d`k iqjLd`kj LVh√u :tksfoVΩÈTd`h }kjk funsZf'kr vkWfLV_;kbZ f√Ye ‘n d`kmaVj √hVlZ’ d`ks fe¥k\ iqjLd`kjkÍ d`h lwph fuEuf¥f[r gS% loZJsÆB f√Ye%uks da`V_h √kWj vksYM eSu ·fuekZrk%Ld`kWV ÔfMu] funsZ'kd`%tks,¥ o bƒku d`ks,u‚ loZJsÆB funsZ'ku%tks,¥ o bƒku d`ks,u ·d`ks,u ca|q] f√Ye%uks da`V_h √kWj vksYM eSu‚ loZJsÆB vfHusrk%Msfu,¥ Ms ¥sfol ·ns;j fc¥ ch C¥M‚ loZJsÆB vfHus(h%esfj;u d`ksfV¥kMZ ·¥k oh ,u jksÈt‚ loZJsÆB lgvfHusrk%tsfo;j ckMsZe ·uks da`V_h √kWj vksYM eSu‚ loZJsÆB lgvfHus(h%fVYMk ¯LoVu ·ekbds`¥ D¥sVu‚ loZJsÆB ›';kad`u (Visual Effect)%n xksYMu d`Eikl loZJsÆB ÷ofu feJ.%n cwusZ vYVhesVe ÷ofu lEiknu%n cwusZ vYVhesVe esd`vi%¥k oh ,u jksÈt ifj|ku fMtkb¯ux (Costume Design)% 'ks[j d`iwj ·,f¥tkcsƒ # n xksYMu ,t‚ laxhr ·Ld`ksj‚%,VksueÍV laxhr ·xhr‚%oal d`¥k funsZ'ku (Art Direction)%Lohuh VksM n Mseksu ckcZj vkW√ Œ¥hV LV_hV iVd`ƒk (Adapted Screen Play)%tks,¥ o bƒku d`ks,u ·uks da`V_h √kWj vksYM eSu‚ ew¥ iVd`ƒk (Original Screen Play)% fM;kC¥ks d`ksMh ·twuks‚ lEiknu%n cwusZ vYVhesVe flusesVksxzk√h%ns;j fo¥ ch C¥M fons'kh Hk"k d`h loZJsÆB f√Ye%n d`kmaVj tks,¥ o bƒku d`ks,u # ‘uks da`V_h √kWj √hVlZ ·vkfLV_;k‚ vksYM eSu’ ds` f¥, loZJsÆB funsZ'ku o o~®fp( √hpj%VSDlh Vq n MkdZ` lkbM Ldz`hu I¥s ds` nksgjs vkWLd`j ¥?q o~®fp( (Documentry Short)%≠`h gksYM ,uhesVsM √hpj f√Ye%jVkVqb¥s (Ratatouille)

,uhesVsM ¥?q f√Ye%ihVj ,≥M n oqY√

esfj;u d`ksfV¥kMZ # ¥k oh ,u jksÈt eÍ Hwfed`k gsrq loZJsÆB vfHus(h d`k vkWLd`j

Msfu;¥ Ms ¥sfol # loZJsÆB vfHusrk

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1575

¥kbo ,D'ku ¥?q f√Ye%n eksÈtkVZ vkW√ fid` ikWds`VΩl ,ds`Meh d`k ekun iqjLd`kj%jkWcVZ ,√ cks;¥s

‘cqd`j vkW√ cqd`lZ’ ds` ckn vc ‘n csLV vkW√ n cqd`j’ 22 v^S¥] 1969 ls 'kqÔ gq, cqd`j iqjLd`kj d`h 40oÓ o"Zxk∑B ds` volj ij ‘n cs L V vkW √ n cq d `j’ iq j Ld`kj blds ` vk;kstd`kÍ }kjk fn;k tk,xk\ ;g iqjLd`kj mUgÓ 41 Î`fr;kÍ eÍ ls fd`lh ,d` ds` f¥, fn;k tk,xk ftuds` f¥, cqd`j iqjLd`kj ·eku cqd`j iqjLd`kj‚ fd`lh o"Z fn;k tk pqd`k gS\ bl izd`kj l¥eku j'nh d`h ‘feMukbV fpYM_su’] v:a|fr jk; d`h ‘xkWM vkW√ LekW¥ ¯ƒXl’ o fd`j. nslkbZ d`h ‘n bugsfjVÍl vkW√ ¥kWl’ Hh bl iqjLd`kj d`h gksÈM eÍ jgÍxh\ iqjLd`kj ds` f¥, vafre Î`fr ds` p;u ls iwoZ Ng Î`fr;kÍ d`ks ebZ 2008 eÍ vYilwphc* fd`;k tk,xk\ ;g nwljk volj gS tc eku cqd`j iqjLd`kj ds` la;kstd`kÍ us fo'ks" iqjLd`kj d`h ?ks".k d`h gS\ blls ig¥s mUgkÍus 1993 eÍ eku cqd`j iqjLd`kj d`h iPphloÓ o"Zxk∑B ij ‘cqd`j vkW√ cqd`lZ’ d`h ?ks".k d`h ƒh] tks l¥eku j'nh d`h ‘feMukbV fpYM_su’ d`ks fn;k x;k ƒk\

vkW¥ bf≥M;k eSusteÍV ,lksfl,'ku ds` o"Z 2007 ds` iqjLd`kj%vkW¥ bf≥M;k eSusteÍV ,lksfl,'ku (AIMA) ds` o"Z 2007 ds` iqjLd`kjkÍ d`k forj. xr 21 √jojh d`ks ,lksfl,'ku ds` 52oÍ Lƒkiuk fnol ij ubZ fnY¥h eÍ fd`;k x;k\ bueÍ ts\ vkj\ Mh\ VkVk d`kWiksZjsV ¥hMjf'ki ,okMZ %lquh¥ Hkjrh fe®¥ ·ps;jeSu Hkjrh xzqi‚ d`ks o ifC¥d` lfoZl ,Dlh¥Íl ,okMZ%lke fi(kSnk ·v÷;” jkÆV_h; Kku vk;ksx‚ d`ks ^nku fd`;k x;k\ ukbV vkW√ n vkWMZj vkW√ MsuczkWx # MsuekdZ` d`k ukxfjd` lEeku%Hkjr o

lqjs'k d`¥ekMh d`ks jkÆV_h; vks¥fEid` lfefr la? d`k esfjV iqjLd`kj%Hkjrh; vks¥fEid` la? ds` v÷;” lqjs'k d`¥ekMh d`ks vks¥fEid` vkanks¥u ds` izfr muds` vewY; ;ksxnku ds` f¥, jkÆV_h; vks¥fEid` lfefr la ? (ANOC) ds` izfrfÆBr ,,uvkslh esfjV ,okMZ ls lEekfur fd`;k tk,xk\ jkÆV_eaM¥ [s¥ (2010) vk;kstu lfefr ds` Hh v÷;” d`¥ekMh d`ks ;g lEeku vizS¥ 2008 eÍ ch¯tx eÍ ,,uvkslh d`h 16oÓ okf"Zd` lHk eÍ fn;k tk,xk\

f√Ye œs`;j iqjLd`kj o"Z 2007 eÍ iznf'kZr f√YekÍ ds` f¥, ·53oÍ‚ f√Ye œs`;j iqjLd`kjkÍ d`k forj. xr 23 √jojh d`ks eqEcbZ eÍ ,d` lekjksg eÍ fd`;k x;k\ bueÍ izeq[ iqjLd`kj fuEuf¥f[r jgs% loZJsÆB f√Ye%rkjs teÓ ij ·funsZ'kd`%vkfej [ku‚ loZJsÆB funsZ'kd`%vkfej [ku ·rkjs teÓ ij‚ loZJsÆB vfHusrk%'kkg:[ [ku ·pd` ns bafM;k‚ loZJsÆB vfHus(h%d`jhuk d`iwj ·tc oh esV‚

d`jhuk d`iwj o 'kkg:`[ [ku # loZJsÆB vfHus(h o loZJsÆB vfHusrk ds` f√Ye œs`;j iqjLd`kj

,¥\ ,≥M Vh\ ds` v÷;” uk;d` ·ck,a‚ d`ks Msfu'k lEeku ^nku d`jrs MsuekdZ` ds` jktnwr

MsuekdZ` ds` okf.fT;d` lEcU|kÍ d`ks cÈ
loZJsÆB laxhrd`kj%,\ vkj\ jgeku ·xqÔ‚ loZJsÆB d`gkuh%veks¥ xqIrs ·rkjs teÓ ij‚ loZJsÆB iVd`ƒk%vuqjkx clq ·¥kb√ bu esV_ks‚ loZJsÆB laokn%bfEr;kt v¥h ·tc oh esV‚ ¥kb√ Vkbe ,phoeÍV iqjLd`kj% )`f" d`iwj

loZJsÆB lgk;d` vfHusrk%bj√ku [ku ·¥kb√ bu esV_ks‚ loZJsÆB lgk;d` vfHus(h%d`kÍd`.k lsu ·¥kb√ bu esV_ks‚ loZJsÆB uoksfnr d`¥kd`kj ·iq:`"‚% j.chj d`iwj ·lkaofj;k‚ loZJsÆB uoksfnr d`¥kd`kj ·efg¥k‚% nhfid`k iknqd`ks. ·lkaofj;k‚ loZJsÆB xhrd`kj%izlwu tks'kh ·ek∑ ˙˙˙˙˙, rkjs teÓ ij‚ loZJsÆB ik'oZ xk;d`%'kku ·tc ls rsjs u;uk˙˙˙˙˙‚ loZJsÆB ik'oZ xkf;d`k%Js;k ?ks"k¥ ·cjlks js˙˙˙˙˙‚

ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` v÷;kns'k ds` p¥rs izlkj Hkjrh v÷;” d`ker d`k d`k;Zd`k¥ lekIr%ds`Unz ljd`kj us xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ ,d` v÷;kns'k tkjh d`jds` ^lkj Hkjrh ds` v÷;{k d`k d`k;Zd`k¥ 6 o"Z ls ?Vkd`j 3 o"Z fd`;k gS] tcfd` eq“; d`k;Zd`kjh vf|d`kjh ds` in gsrq vk;q lhek 62 o"Z ls cÈ
lqn'kZu √kfd`j%tkus-ekus xhrd`kj ,oa xÈt¥kÍ ds` jpf;rk lqn'kZu √kfd`j d`k 72 o"Z d`h vk;q eÍ xr 20 √jojh d`ks tk¥a|j eÍ fu|u gks x;k\ muds` }kjk jfpr xÈt¥kÍ eÍ ‘;s nkS¥r Hh ¥s ¥ks] ;s 'kksgjr Hh ¥s ¥ks’ Hh 'kkfe¥ gS\ ckck vkEVs% egkjkÆV_ d s ` tkus-ekus lkekftd` d`k;Zd`rkZ ckck vkEVs d`k 94 o"Z d`h vk;q eÍ jkT; ds` panziqj ft¥s eÍ xr 9 œ`jojh d`ks fu|u gks x;k\ xka|hoknh d`k;Zd`rkZ ckck vkEVs dq`ÆB jksfx;kÍ ds` chp lar ,oa elhgk ds` Ôi eÍ fo“;kr ckck vkEVs ƒs\ mud`k iwjk uke eqj¥h|j nsohnkl vkEVs Fkk\ egkjkÆV_ ds` c|kZ ft¥s ds` fgxu?kV eÍ 26 fnlEcj] 1914 d`ks tUes ckck vkEVs inΩeJh (1971), inΩe foHw". (1986), eSXlsls iqjLd`kj (1985), la;qDr jkÆV_ ekuokf|d`kj iqjLd`kj (1988), VÍi¥Vu iqjLd`kj (1990), MkW\ vEcsMd`j vUrjkZÆV_h; iqjLd`kj (1999) o vUrjkZÆV_h; xka|h 'kkafr iqjLd`kj (1999) lfgr vusd` iqjLd`kjkÍ ls

lEekfur Fks rƒk vusd` fo'ofo»k¥;kÍ us mUgÍ Mh\ f¥VΩ d`h ekun mikf| ls lEekfur fd`;k Fkk\ vkj\ ds`\ d`jaft;k%iwoZ o"ksÛ eÍ lkIrkfgd` lekpkj-i( ‘fC¥VΩt’ ds` iz|ku lEiknd` jgs o;kso~* i(d`kj vkj\ ds ` \ d`jaft;k d`k 95 o"Z d`h vk;q eÍ xr 1 œ`jojh d`ks eqEcbZ eÍ fu|u gks x;k\ mud`h iq(h jhrk esgrk fœ`Yeh if(d`k ‘flus-fC¥VΩt’ d`h lEiknd` gß\ egs'k ;ksxh%Hkjrh; v÷;kRe d`k ijpe fo'oHj eÍ ¥gjkus ok¥s egf"Z egs'k ;ksxh d`k uhnj¥S≥M eÍ C¥ksM_kWi eÍ vius vkokl ij xr 5 œ`jojh d`ks fu|u gks x;k\ og 91 o"Z ds` Fks\ mud`k vfUre laLd`kj b¥kgkckn eÍ 'kad`jkpk;Z vkJe eÍ fd`;k x;k\ vejh'k ckxph%tkus-ekus vƒZ'kkL(h vejh'k ckxph d`k 77 o"Z d`h vk;q eÍ xr 21 √jojh d`ks ubZ fnY¥h eÍ fu|u gks x;k\ og ds`Unz ljd`kj }kjk ds`Unz jkT; lEcU|kÍ ij xfBr vk;ksx ds` lnL; ƒs\ us'ku¥ baLVhVΩ;wV vkW√ ifC¥d` √kbuÍl ,≥M ikWf¥lh ds funs'kd` jgs izks\ ckxph ¥ksd` fo® ds` fo'ks"K ƒs rƒk fo® vk;ksx ds` lnL; Hh jgs ƒs\ ik∑p ekg ls ¥kirk LVho √kWlsV e~r ?ksf"r%lkgfld` mÈMkukÍ o vU; d`kjukekÍ }kjk u,-u, fo'o fjd`kWMZ cukus ds` ækSd`hu vjcifr vejhd`h LVho √kWlsV fiN¥s ik∑p ekg ls ¥kirk gß\ 63 o"hZ; √kWlsV d`ks vafre ckj 3 flrEcj] 2007 d`ks ml le; ns[k x;k ƒk] tc ,d` ¯lx¥ batu ok¥s foeku }kjk usoknk ls dS`¥h√ksfuZ;k ds` f¥, mÈMku mUgkÍus Hjh ƒh\ blds` ckn gh og ¥kirk gks x, ƒs\ mud`h iRuh ds` vuqjks| ij xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ vejhd`k d`h ,d` vnk¥r us mUgÍ e~r ?ksf"r d`j fn;k gS\ lkgfld` mÈMkukÍ us LVho √kWlsV d`ks fo'o izfl* balku cuk fn;k ƒk\ mUgkÍus tgk∑ vusd` lkgfld` mÈMkukÍ d`ks vatke fn;k] ogÓ fo'o d`h vusd` ioZr pksfV;kÍ ij pÈaMs xkÈMs\ o"Z 2002 eÍ xqCckjs eÍ vds`¥s cSBd`j nqfu;k d`k pDd`j ¥xkus ok¥s ig¥s O;fDr og cus ƒs\

   (Persons in the News)

Mksfeuh LV_kWl-d`kgΩu%vUrjkZÆV_h; eqnzk d`ks" (IMF) ds` iz c U| funs'kd` Mksfeuh LV_kWl d`kgΩu (Dominique Strauss-Kahn) √jojh 2008 ds` iwokZ*Z eÍ rhu fnu d`h Hkjr ;k(k ij jgs\ eqEcbZ eÍ 11 √jojh d`ks fjtoZ cßd` eÍ ,d` cSBd` eÍ Jh d`kgΩu us d`gk fd` vejhd`h vƒZO;oLƒk eÍ eanh d`k izHko vHh dq`N vkSj Mksfeuh LV_kWl d`kgΩu le; rd` tkjh jgsxk\ fud`ks¥l ljd`ksth%≠`kal ds` jkÆV_ifr fud`ks¥l ljd`ksth (Nicolas Sarkozy) us iwoZ ekWM¥ jgh viuh efg¥k fe( d`k¥kZ

d`k¥kZ czwuh

fud`ks¥l ljd`ksth

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1577

czwuh (Carla Bruni) ds` lkƒ xr 2 √jojh d`ks fookg d`j f¥;k\ jkÆV_ifr Hou ,f¥lh iS¥sl (Alysee Palace) eÍ isfjl ds` es;j ≠ß`d`ksbl ¥scs¥ (Francois Lebal) ds ` le” fookg d`h vkSipkfjd`rk,a vius ikfjokfjd` lnL;kÍ o fud`VLƒ fe(kÍ d`h mifLƒfr eÍ mUgkÍus iwjh d`Ó\ 53 o"hZ; ljd`ksth d`k tgk∑ ;g rhljk fookg gS ogÓ 40 o"hZ; czwuh nwljh ckj fookg ca|u eÍ c∑|h gß\ viuh nwljh iRuh lsflf¥;k ls jkÆV_ifr ljd`ksth d`k r¥kd` vDVwcj 2007 eÍ gqvk ƒk\ ;g ig¥k volj gS tc fd`lh ≠`kalhlh jkÆV_ifr us vius d`k;Zd`k¥ ds` nkSjku fookg fd`;k gS\ jkÆV_ifr ljd`ksth us ;g fookg Hkjr d`h viuh vkf|d`kfjd` ;k(k ls Lons'k okilh ds` ,d` lIrkg ds` Hhrj gh fd`;k gS\ fud`ks¥l ljd`ksth xr 26 tuojh d`ks Hkjr ds` 59 oÍ x.ra( fnol lekjksg eÍ eq“; vfrfƒ ds` Ôi eÍ mifLƒr jgs ƒs\ ekSewu vCnq¥ x;we%ek¥nho ds` jkÆV_ifr ekSewu vCnq¥ x;we us Hkjr ds` lkFk f}i{kh; lEcU|kÍ d`ks etcwr cukus ds` fl¥fl¥s eÍ œ`jojh 2008 ds` iwokZ*Z eÍ Hkjr d`h ;k(k d`h\ 11 œ`jojh d`ks jkÆV_ifr Hou eÍ vkSipkfjd` Lokxr ds` i'pkrΩ Hkjrh; ^|kuea(h MkW\ eueksgu flag ds` lkFk mud`h okrkZ gqbZ\ ikjLifjd` lg;ksx ds` dq`N le>kSrkÍ ij gLrk{kj Hh bl volj ij fd`, x,\ rkfjd` vthtqnΩnhu%vœ`xkfuLrku eÍ ikfd`Lrkuh jktnwr rkfjd` vthtqnΩnhu xr 11 œ`jojh d`ks vœ`xkfuLrku eÍ ¥kirk rqdZ`esfuLrku

rkftfd`Lrku

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bL¥kekckn vœ`xkfuLrku esa ikd L;k¥d`ksV jktnwr d`k [Scj ¥kgkSj ds `ikl vigj. d`h vkæad`k

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vgen xr 25 √jojh–1 ekpZ d`ks Hkjr d`h ;k(k ij jgs\ bl ;k(k ds` nkSjku lSU; Lrj ij Hkjrh; led`{kkÍ ds` lkƒ mUgkÍus ckrphr d`h\ Hkjrh; lsuk izeq[ nhid` d`iwj us mUgÍ migkj eÍ vPNs uL¥ ds` Ng ?ksÈMs fn,\ mPp Lrjh; izfrfuf|e≥M¥ ds` lkƒ Hkjr vk, vgen us tuj¥ d`iwj ds` lkƒ vds`¥s eÍ ckrphr d`h\ ckn eÍ izfrfuf|e≥M¥ Lrj d`h ckrphr gqbZ\ Hkjr izokl ds` nkSjku ckaX¥knsæ ds` lsuk izeq[ us iz|kuea(h eueksgu ¯lg] j”k ea(h ,\ ds`\ ,aVuh vkSj jkÆV_h; lqj”k l¥kgd`kj ,e\ ds`\ ukjk;.u ls Hh HÍV d`h\

4 √jojh%Jh¥ad`k d`k Lora(rk fnol 14 √jojh%oS¥ÍVkbu fnol 28 √jojh%jkÆV_h; foKku fnol

phu eÍ 'kwd`j o"Z d`h lekfIr # u, ew"d` o"Z d`k 'kqHkjEH phuh T;ksfr" ds` rgrΩ 'kwd`j o"Z d`k lekiu xr 7 √jojh d`ks gqvk gS rƒk blds` lkƒ gh ew"d` o"Z (Year of Rat) d`k 'kqHkjEH ogk∑ gks x;k gS\ u, T;ksfr" o"Z ds` 'kqHkjEH ij ,d lIrkg rd` jaxkjax d`k;Zdz`e ogk∑ vk;ksftr fd`, x,\ phu ds` 12 o"Z ds` T;ksfr" pdz` eÍ lHh 12 o"ksÛ d`k uked`j. 12 v¥x-v¥x tkuojkÍ ds` uke ij fd`;k x;k gS\ 'kwd`j o"Z d`k 'kqHkjEH 18 œ`jojh] 2007 d`ks gqvk ƒk\ (Year of Pig)

24 √jojh%ds`Unzh; mRikn 'kqYd` fnol · 24 √jojh] 1944 d`ks lÍ V _ ¥

,DlkblsÈt ,≥M lkWYV ,DV ¥kxw gksus ds` ifjizs{; eÍ ^fr o"Z 24 √jojh d`ks ds`Unzh; mRikn 'kqYd` fnol ds` Ôi eÍ euk;k tkrk gS\‚

fcf¥;al vkW√ ,aVjfizU;kslZ (Billions % r:. [Uuk bafM;k Vq ch X¥ksc¥ ikWoj (India To be Global Power) % olar lkBs fjd`k∑flf¥,'ku # bL¥ke Mseksdzs`lh ,≥M n osLV (Reconciliation : Islam Democracy and the West) ·vkRe d`Fkk‚ %csuthj HqVΩVks fonkmV œ`hvj # n ¥kbœ` ,≥M V_k;¥ vkWœ` Hxr flag (Without Fear : of Entrepreneurs)

Hkjr

KBK

gks x,\ is'kkoj ls d`kcq¥ d`h vksj tkrs le; [Scj ft¥s eÍ muds` vigj. d`h vk'kad`k ehfM;k fjiksVksÛ eÍ O;Dr d`h xbZ gS\ muds` lkFk mud`k M_kboj o lqj{kkd`ehZ Hh ¥kirk crk;k x;k gS\ eksbu ;w vgen%Hkjr ds` lkƒ lSU; lEcU|kÍ d`ks vkSj etcwr cukus ds` bjkns ls The Life and Trial of Bhagat Singh) %dq`¥nhi uS;j ckaX¥kns'k ds` lsuk izeq[ tuj¥ eksbu ;w ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1578

bu fMœÍ`l vkWœ` X¥ksc¥kbts'ku (In Defense of Globalisation)

%txnh'k Hxorh bafM;kl lÍpqjh (India’s Century) %d`e¥ukFk n eSu gw fd`YM xka|h (The Man Who Killed Gandhi)

%euksgj e¥xksud`j n ,¥hœÍ`V] n Vkbxj ,≥M n lS¥œ`ksu (The Elephant, The Tiger and the Cellphone) %'kf'k FkkÔj

fouksn jk; ds` Lƒku ij v:`. jkeukƒu vc fo®h; ”s( ewY;kad`u lfefr eÍ 'kkfe¥%ns'k ds` fo®h; {ks( ds` ewY;kad`u gsrq ,d` lfefr d`k xBu fjtoZ cßd` }kjk fd`;k x;k Fkk\ ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` fo®h; {ks ( foHkx ds ` lfpo v:. jkeukFku d`ks bl lfefr eÍ lnL; ds` Ôi eÍ œ`jojh 2008 eÍ 'kkfe¥ fd`;k x;k gS\ mUgÍ fouksn jk;] ftUgÍ vc ns'k d`k d`EiV_ks¥j ,≥M vkWfMVj tuj¥ cuk;k tk pqd`k gS] ds` LFkku ij bl lfefr eÍ 'kkfe¥ fd`;k x;k gS\ lfefr ds` v÷;{k jkds`'k eksgu ·fjtoZ cßd` ds` fMIVh xouZj‚ gß\ f¥czgku vk;ksx ds` d`k;Zd`k¥ eÍ iqu# o~f*%fnlEcj 1992 eÍ v;ks÷;k eÍ ckcjh
lEesyu (Conferences)

‘f√Dd`h’ d`k okf"Zd` lEes¥u%m»ksx O;kikj txrΩ ds` vxz.h laxBu ‘f√Dd`h’

(FICCI—Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry) d`k 80 ok∑ okf"Zd` lEes¥u ubZ fnY¥h eÍ 15-16 √jojh] 2008 d`ks lEiUu gqvk\ bld`k ƒhe ƒk%Propelling India’s Growth : The Challenges Ahead—‘f√Dd`h’ ds`

uofuokZfpr v÷;” jktho pUnz'ks[j us viuk ;g d`k;ZHkj fuorZeku v÷;” gch¥ [ksjkd`h ok¥k ls bl lEes¥u eÍ xzg. fd`;k\ bZ-xousÛl ij jkÆV_h; lEes¥u%bZ-xousÛl ij 11ok∑ jkÆV_h; lEes¥u 7-8 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks gfj;k.k eÍ iapdq`¥k eÍ lEiUu gqvk\ lrr fod`kl ,oa t¥ok;q ifjorZu ij lEes¥u%lrr fod`kl ,oa t¥ok;q ifjorZu (Sustainable Development and Climate Change) ij ,d` lEes¥u d`k vk;kstu ubZ fnY¥h eÍ xr 7 œ`jojh d`ks fd`;k x;k\

vkbZ,u,l t¥k'o eÍ tgjh¥h xSl fjlus ls ik∑p ukSlSfud`kÍ d`h e~R;q% vkbZ,u,l fojkV ds` ckn Hkjrh; ukSlsuk eÍ nwljs cÈMs ;q*iksr vkbZ,u,l t¥k'o eÍ tgjh¥h xSl d`h pisV eÍ vkus ls ik∑p ukSlSfud`kÍ d`h e~R;q xr 2 √jojh d`ks gks xbZ\ vejhd`h ukSlsuk eÍ ;w,l,l V_ÍVu uke ls 'kkfe¥ jgs bl ;q*iksr d`ks dq`N ekg iwoZ gh vejhd`k ls izkIr d`j bls ukSlsuk d`h iwohZ d`eku eÍ fo'kk[ki®ue ij rSukr fd`;k x;k ƒk\ ekjs x, ukSlSfud` ekuo folftZr e¥os d`h xSl ikbi √Vus ls tgjh¥h xSl gkbM_kstu lY√kbM (H 2 S) d`h pisV eÍ vk x, ƒs\ ukSlSfud` lw(kÍ ds` gok¥s ls ehfM;k eÍ izd`kf'kr fjiksVZ ds` vuqlkj bl iksr ij ¥xHx ,d` gtkj ukSlSfud` vkSj vf|d`kjh jgrs gß\ nq?ZVuk ds` le; ekuo folftZr e¥cs d`h xSl d`k ncko bruk vf|d` gks x;k fd` ,d` xSlikbi ¥hd` gks x;k] tksfd` lEHor# ejEer ds` nkSjku √V x;k vkSj xSl ls ne ?qVus ds` d`kj. ik∑p ukSlSfud`kÍ d`h e~R;q gks xbZ\ nq?ZVuk ds` le; vkbZ,u,l t¥k'o fo'kk[ki®ue vkSj iksVZC¥s;j ds` chp p¥ jgs ukSlsuk ds` ,d` egRoiw.Z v˙;kl ‘V_hisDl’ eÍ Hkx ¥s jgk ƒk\ vejhd`k ds` ch–2 LVhYƒ ck∑cj foeku d`h ig¥h nq?ZVuk% vejhd`k d`k ,d` ch-2 LVhYƒ ck∑cj foeku xr 23 √jojh d`ks xqvke (Guam) ls mÈMku Hjus ds` rqjUr ckn nq?ZVukxzLr gks x;k\ ,sls gh rhu vU; foekukÍ ds` lkƒ nq?ZVukxzLr foeku us xqvke ij 4 ekg d`h rSukrh ds` ckn Lons'k okilh ds` f¥, mÈMku Hjh ƒh\ foeku ds` nksukÍ pk¥d` foeku ls ckgj N¥kax ¥xkd`j bl nq?ZVuk d`k f'kd`kj gksus ls cp x,\ vejhd`k ds` vfr lqjf”r ekus tkus ok¥s ch-2 foeku d`h ;g ig¥h nq?ZVuk ƒh\

vUrfj{k (Space)

i~Foh ds` fud`V ls xqtjk ‘'kfu’% lkSjeaM¥ d`k xzg ‘'kfu’ i~Foh ds` fud`V ƒk ftlls iwoZ fn'kk eÍ uaxh vk∑[kÍ ls bls ns[k tk ld`k\ ml fnu lw;Z ds` foijhr fn'kk eÍ gksus ds` d`kj. bls uaxh vk∑[kÍ ls ns[uk lEHo gks ld`k\ ‘lu viksft'ku’ d`h ml fLƒfr eÍ i~Foh ds` ,d` vksj lw;Z ƒk] rks nwljh vksj 'kfu\ [xks¥fonkÍ ds` vuqlkj ,slh fLƒfr 30 o"ksÛ eÍ 29 ckj mRiUu gksrh gS\ fiN¥h ckj ,slh fLƒfr 10 √jojh] 2007 d`ks mRiUu gqbZ ƒh rƒk vkxs ;g 9 ekpZ] 2009 d`ks gksxh\ 24 √jojh] 2008 d`ks

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1579/4

VkbVu ij gkbM_ksd`kcZUl ·isV_ksf¥;e inkƒksÛ‚ ds` fo'kk¥ HaMkj%isV_ksf¥;e inkƒksÛ d`h rsth ls cÈ< jgh [ir ds` p¥rs i~Foh ij tgk∑ buds` HaMkjkÍ d`k Ökl rsth ls gks jgk gS rƒk HfoÆ; eÍ bud`h mi¥C|rk ¯prk d`k fo"; cuh gqbZ gS\ ogÓ 'kfu ds` fo'kk¥d`k; mixzg VkbVu ij i~Foh ls d`bZ lkS xquk vf|d` gkbM_ksd`kcZUl d`h ekStwnxh d`k oSKkfud`kÍ d`ks irk ¥xk gS\ vejhd`h varfj” ,tÍlh ‘uklk’ }kjk 'kfu vfH;ku ij Hsts x, dS`fluh varfj” ;ku ls fe¥s vk∑d`ÈMs ds` vuqlkj 'kfu ds` mixzg VkbVu ij rj¥ gkbM_ksd`kcZu ds` foiq¥ HaMkj ekStwn gß\ ogk∑ ¥xkrkj rs¥ d`h ckfj'k gks jgh gS] ftlls ogk∑ d`h ntZukÍ >h¥kÍ eÍ ;s gkbM_ksd`kcZu izpqj ek(k eÍ bƒsu vkSj feƒsu ds` Ôi eÍ bd`VΩBk gks pqds` gß\ pUnz;ku–I d`k iz”si. vc tq¥kbZ 2008 eÍ%pUnzek d`h d`”k ds` f¥, Hkjr ds` ig¥s ;ku ‘pUnz;ku–I’ d`k ^”si. dq`N fo¥fEcr gks x;k gS\ ;g ^”si. vizS¥ 2008 eÍ d`jus d`h ?ks".k ig¥s d`h xbZ ƒh\ rktk fLƒfr ds` vuqlkj ;g vc tq¥kbZ 2008 eÍ lEHkfor gS\ foKku

(Science)

fMœs`Dliks-2008%lq j ”k m»ks x kÍ d`h izkS»ks-fxd`h ,oa mRiknkÍ d`h izn'kZuh 16-19 √jojh] 2008 d`ks ubZ fnY¥h eÍ izxfr eSnku eÍ lEiUu gqbZ\ 30 ns'kkÍ ds` lqj”k midz`ekÍ us vius mRiknkÍ d`k izn'kZu bleÍ fd`;k\ VkVk lewg d`h VkVk eksVlZ us lsuk ds` f¥, 20 v¥x-v¥x Hwfed`k,a fuHkus eÍ l”e ,d` ¥kbV Lis'kf¥LV ÿhd`¥ bl izn'kZuh eÍ iznf'kZr fd`;k\ √kSth onhZ ds` jax ok¥h thiuqek bl xkÈMh d`ks ¥ÈMkdw` uSuks ds` Ôi eÍ ns[k tk jgk gS\ KkrO; gS fd` tuojh 2008 eÍ ubZ fnY¥h eÍ vkWVks ,Dliks-2008 eÍ ,d` ¥k[ :i, ewY; ok¥h viuh NksVh xkÈMh uSuks d`k izn'kZu d`j VkVk eksVlZ us iwjs fo'o d`ks vpfEHr d`j fn;k ƒk\ ikfd`Lrku }kjk gR√-3 ·xtuoh‚ felkb¥ d`k ijh”.%ikfd`Lrku us Lons'k fufeZr gR√-3 felkb¥ d`k ,d` ijh”. xr 13 √jojh d`ks fd`;k\ 290 fd`eh d`h nwjh rd` ekjd` ”erk ok¥h bl felkb¥ d`ks ‘xtuoh’ uke ls Hh tkuk tkrk gS\ rhu lIrkg ds` Hhrj ikfd`Lrku d`k ijek.q gfƒ;kj ¥s tkus eÍ l”e felkb¥kÍ d`k ;g rhljk ijh”. ƒk\ 25 tuojh] 2008 d`ks

ikfd`Lrku us 700 fd`eh d`h nwjh ok¥h gR√-IV ·'kkghu‚ felkb¥ d`k ijh”. fd`;k ƒk rƒk blds` dq`N gh fnu ckn 1300 fd`eh d`h nwjh rd` ekjd` ”erk ok¥h xkSjh cSf¥fLVd` felkb¥ d`k ijh”. mlus fd`;k ƒk\ fo'o iqLrd` es¥k%18ok∑ fo'o iqLrd` es¥k ubZ fnY¥h ds` izxfr eSnku eÍ xr 2– 10 √jojh d`ks lEiUu gqvk\ bld`k mnΩ?kVu ekuo la l k|u fod`kl ea(h vtqZu ¯lg us fd`;k\ us'ku¥ cq d ` V_ L V }kjk vk;ksftr bl 10 fnolh; es¥s eÍ 23 ns'kkÍ ds` 1200 ls vf|d` izd`k'kd`kÍ us Hkxhnkjh d`h\ es¥s eÍ vfrfƒ ns'k d`k ntkZ Ôl d`ks ^nku fd`;k x;k Fkk\ bl es¥s d`k vk;kstu ^fr nks o"ksÛ eÍ ,d` ckj gksrk gS\ Lof.Ze jƒ # d`ukZVd` d`h ig¥h ¥Dtjh js¥xkÈMh%d`ukZ V d` d`h ig¥h ¥Dtjh js¥xkÈMh d`ks jkÆV_ifr izfrHk ikfV¥ us xr 2 √jojh d`ks cax¥kSj ds` ;'koariqj LVs'ku ls jokuk fd`;k\ Lof.Ze jƒ (Golden Chariot) uke d`h bl js¥xkÈMh d`ks d`ukZVd` ds` izkphu bfrgkl ds` vk|kj ij rS;kj fd`;k x;k gS\ I¥kTek Vhoh o vfr vk|qfud` lq[ lqfo|kvkÍ ls ;qDr blds` fMCckÍ d`k uked`j. d`ukZVd` ds` jktoa'kkÍ ds` uke ij fd`;k x;k gS\ ,d` lIrkg ds` vius ,d` œs`js ds` nkSjku

vaVkdZ`fVd`k eÍ iw.Zr# jkscksV pkf¥r os|'kk¥k ‘I¥sVks’ d`h LFkkiuk [xks¥ oSKkfud`kÍ us vaVkdZ`fVd`k eÍ iw.Zr# jkscksV pkf¥r os|'kk¥k d`h LFkkiuk œ`jojh eÍ d`h gS\ Ng vUrjkZÆV_h; laLFkkukÍ vkSj phu ds` |zqoh; vuqlU|ku laLFkku ds` ^frfuf|Ro ok¥s ,d` vfH;ku n¥ us vaVkdZ`fVd`k ds` lcls ˜∑ps LFk¥ Mkse vkjxl ij I¥sVks uked` bl os|'kk¥k d`ks LFkkfir fd`;k gS\ 2008

vkbZ,l,l ij ‘d`ks¥Ecl’ iz;ksx'kk¥k vejhd`h varfj” 'kV¥ vV¥kafVl us lkr varfj” ;kf(;kÍ ds` lkƒ ds`i ds`uoj¥ ·Œ¥ksfjMk‚ fLƒr iz”si. ds`Unz ls vUrjkZÆV_h; varfj” LVs'ku (ISS) ds` f¥, mÈMku 7 √jojh] 2008 d`ks Hjh\ bl fe'ku d`k eq“; mˆs'; 1·9 vjc MkW¥j d`h ¥kxr ok¥h ;wjksih; iz;ksx'kk¥k ‘d`ks¥Ecl’ d`ks vkbZ,l,l ij Lƒkfir d`juk ƒk\ bl fe'ku ds` l√¥ d`k;kZUo;u ds` i'pkrΩ vV¥kafVl 18 √jojh d`ks okilh ;k(k ds` f¥, jokuk gqvk rƒk 20 √jojh d`ks i~Foh ij bld`h lqjf”r okilh gqbZ\ vUrjkZÆV_h; varfj” LVs'ku ds` f¥, vx¥h mÈMku ‘,aMhoj’ d`h gksxh\ ‘uklk’ d`h bl Lis'k 'kV¥ d`h ;g mÈMku 11 ekpZ] 2008 d`ks izLrkfor gS\ mY¥s[uh; gS fd` uklk d`h bl o"Z varfj” LVs'ku ds` f¥, Ng fe'ku Hstus d`h ;kstuk gS\ ftleÍ ,d` mÈMku gCc¥ varfj” nwjchu ds` ejEer d`k;Z ds` f¥, gksxh\ uklk d`ks 30 flrEcj] 2010 ds ` ig¥s bl lkS vjc MkW ¥ j ds ` vUrjkZÆV_h; varfj” LVs'ku d`k fuekZ. d`k;Z iwjk d`j ,aMhoj vkSj vV¥kafVl ;kukÍ d`ks vius csÈMs d`ks¥Ecl varfj” ¥Sc ds` lkƒ ,V¥kafVl ls ckgj d`juk gS\ d`h mÈMku

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1580

d`ukZVd` d`h ig¥h ¥Xtjh js¥ Lo.Z jƒ d`ks gjh >aMh fn[krÓ jkÆV_ifr izfrHk ikfV¥

d`ukZVd` ds` izeq[ i;ZVu Lƒ¥kÍ d`k Hze. d`jkrs gq, ;g js¥xkÈMh i;ZVd`kÍ d`ks xksok rd` ¥s tk,xh rƒk ,d` lIrkg ds` blds` œs`js ds` ckn bld`h okilh cax¥kSj eÍ gksxh\ foeku mÈMku gsrq tSo-bÛ|u d`k mi;ksx % fczVsu d`h oftZu ,V¥kafVd` ,slh ig¥h foeku lsok d`Eiuh gks xbZ gS] ftlus viuh fd`lh okf.fT;d` mÈMku eÍ tSo bÛ|u (Bio-fuel) d`k vkaf'kd` Ôi ls bLrsek¥ fd`;k gS\ fjpMZ czkalu d`h v÷;”rk ok¥h oftZu ,V¥kafVd` d`h xr 24 √jojh d`h ¥anu-,ElVMZe d`h cksbax-747 d`h ,d` mÈMku eÍ bLrsek¥ fd`, x, bÛ|u eÍ ukfj;¥ rs¥ ls cuk bÛ|u 'kkfe¥ ƒk\ jktho xka|h baLVhVΩ;wV vkW√ isV_ksf¥;e Vs D uks ¥ kW t h d`k f'k¥kU;kl% isV_ksf¥;e o ˜tkZ m»ksx d`h tÔjrkÍ d`h æs" i~ÆB 1583 ij

'krjat rhjankth ,f'k;kbZ buMksj ,Fk¥sfVDl%rhljh ,f'k;kbZ buMksj ,Fk¥sfVd` pSfEi;uf'ki d`rj d`h jkt|kuh nksgk eÍ 14–16 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks lEiUu gqbZ\ bleÍ 5 Lo.Z] 9 jtr o 3 d`kaL; ind`kÍ lfgr dq`¥ 17 ind` Hkjrh; ,Fk¥hVkÍ us thrs\ Hkjr ds` bu 5 Lo.Z ind`kÍ eÍ fluheks¥ iks¥wÈt ds` 2 ind`kÍ ·efg¥kvkÍ d`h 800 eh o 1500 eh‚ ds` vfrfjDr ih\ ts\ fouksn d`k gSIVsFk¥kWu eÍ o efg¥kvkÍ d`h fj¥s Vhe d`k 4 × 400 eh eÍ Lo.Z ind` 'kkfe¥ Fkk\ d`ks¥d`krk eSjkFku%d`ks¥d`krk eÍ xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ lEiUu pkSƒh ,;jVs¥ d`ks¥d`krk eSjkƒu nkSÈM eÍ iq:" oxZ eÍ HSjkÍ flag ¥ksu o efg¥kvkÍ eÍ iaik pank fotsrk jgs\ e÷; js¥os ds` HSjkÍ flag us 42·195 fd`eh d`h ;g nkSÈM 2 ?≥Vs 20 feuV 53 lsd`≥M eÍ iwjh d`h\ fiN¥s o"Z og bl nkSÈM eÍ mifotsrk jgs ƒs\ efg¥kvkÍ d`h nkSÈM i\ caxk¥ d`h xr fotsrk iaik pank us gh bl o"Z Hh thrh\ efg¥kvkÍ d`h buMksj iks¥okWYV eÍ bflack;sok d`k u;k fo'o fjd`kWMZ%Ôl d`h vks¥fEid` pSfEi;u ;s¥suk bflack;sok (Yelena Isinbayeva) us 17 œ`jojh] 2008

;s¥suk bflack;sok # buMksj iks¥okWYV eÍ u;k fo'o fjd`kWMZ d`ks ;wdzs`u eÍ MksusLd` (Donetsk) eÍ buMksj iks¥okWYV eÍ 4·95 eh d`h N¥kax ¥xkd`j

u;k fo'o fjd`kWMZ LFkkfir fd`;k\ bl Li*kZ eÍ 4·93 eh d`k viuk gh fiN¥k fjd`kWMZ bflack;sok us Hax fd`;k\ KkrO; gS fd` efg¥kvkÍ d`h vkmVMksj iks¥okWYV eÍ Hh fo'o fjd`kWMZ bflack;sok ds` gh uke gS\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2008/1581

jkÆV_h; pSfEi;uf'ki%teæsniqj eÍ tuojh 2008 eÍ lEiUu jkÆV_h; rhjankth izfr;ksfxrk eÍ vksoj vkW¥ pSfEi;ufæi js¥os us thrh\ nwljk o rhljk Lƒku dz`eæ# lsuk o LVh¥ I¥kaV LiksVΩlZ cksMZ (SPSB) d`k jgk\ 6 Lo.Z] 4 jtr o 4 d`kaL; ind`kÍ ds` lkFk lokZf|d` 50 vad` js¥os us bl ^fr;ksfxrk eÍ vftZr fd`,\ 4 Lo.Z] 6 jtr o 2 d`kaL; ind`kÍ ds` lkFk 42 vad` rFkk 4 Lo.Z] 5 jtr o 3 d`kaL; ind`kÍ ds` lkFk 41 vad` dz`e'k# lsuk o LVh¥ I¥kaV LiksVΩlZ cksMZ us bleÍ vftZr fd`,\ fot; dq`ekj eYgks(k Hkjrh; rhjankth la? ds` v÷;{k iqufuZokZfpr% Hkjrh; rhjankth la? (AAI) ds` v÷;{k ^ks\ fot; dq`ekj eYgks(k d`ks pkj o"Z ds` ,d` vkSj d`k;Zd`k¥ ds` f¥, bl la? d`k v÷;{k xr 16 œ`jojh d`ks ubZ fnY¥h eÍ pquk x;k gS\ ,,vkbZ d`h okf"Zd` vke lHk d`h cSBd` eÍ mud`k ;g pquko fufoZjks| gqvk gS\

dSje jkÆV_h; dS`je pSfEi;uf'ki%psUubZ eÍ xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ lEiUu 37oÓ jkÆV_h; dS`je pSfEi;ufæi eÍ iq:"kÍ d`k f[rkc isV_ksf¥;e LiksVΩlZ izeksæu cksMZ (PSPB) ds` ;ksxsæ ijnslh us gSnjkckn ds` vkj\ Mh\ fnusæ ckcw d`ks œ`kbu¥ eÍ gjkd`j thrk\ efg¥kvkÍ ds` f[rkc ds` f¥, psUubZ d`h n{ksl fotsrk vkbZ\ b¥kok>xh (I. Ilavazhagi) us jf'e dq`ekjh d`ks œ`kbu¥ eÍ ijkftr fd`;k\ b¥kok>axh us thrh fo'o pSfEi;uf'ki%psUubZ eÍ 7 œ`jojh d`ks efg¥kvkÍ d`h jkÆV_h; dS`je pSfEi;uf'ki thrus ok¥h vkbZ\ b¥kok>xh us ckn eÍ œz`kal eÍ d`ku (Cannes) eÍ efg¥kvkÍ d`h fo'o dS`je pSfEi;uf'ki thrus eÍ Hh lœ`¥rk ^kIr d`h\ 17 œ`jojh d`ks [s¥s x, œ`kbu¥ eÍ vius gh ns'k d`h ih\ fueZ¥k d`ks b¥kok>xh us 25–11, 25–11 ls ijkftr fd`;k\ lsehœ`kbu¥ eÍ b¥kok>xh us Hkjr d`h gh iwoZ fo'o pSfEi;u jf'e dq`ekjh d`ks ijkftr fd`;k\

iq:`"kÍ d`h jkÆV_h; , 'krjat pSfEi;uf'ki # lw;Z 'ks[j xkaxq¥h d`k ¥xkrkj ik∑pok∑ f[rkc%psUubZ eÍ œ`jojh 2008 eÍ lEiUu iq:"kÍ d`h jkÆV_h; , 'krjat pSfEi;uf'ki d`k f[rkc xr fotsrk xzkaM ekLVj lw;Z 'ks[j xkaxq¥h us gh thrk\ ¥xkrkj ik∑poÓ

lw;Z 'ks[j xkaxq¥h # ik∑poÓ ckj 'krjat d`k jkÆV_h; , f[rkc

ckj ;g f[rkc thrd`j Hkjr ds` ig¥s baVjus'ku¥ ekLVj eSuqv¥ vkjksu ds` fjd`kWMZ d`h cjkcjh Hh isV_ksf¥;e LiksVΩlZ ^eks'ku cksMZ (PSPB) ds` xkaxq¥h ·bafM;u vkW;¥‚ us d`h\ js¥os ds` ds`\ jRukd`j d`k nwljk LFkku bl ^fr;ksfxrk eÍ jgk\ xzkaM ekLVj xkaxq¥h o jRukd`j nksukÍ us gh 9-9 vad` bl ^fr;ksfxrk eÍ vftZr fd`,] fd`Urq VkbZ czsd` ds` vk|kj ij xkaxq¥h d`ks fotsrk ?ksf"r fd`;k x;k\

VΩoÍVh- 20 eSpkÍ d`h bax¥S≥M-U;wth¥S≥M Δk~a[¥k%U;wth¥S≥M ds` nkSjs ij bax¥S≥M d`h fdz`ds`V Vhe us nks VΩoÍVh-20 eSpkÍ d`h Δk~a[¥k œ`jojh 2008 eÍ [s¥h\ ;g nksukÍ gh eSp thr d`j bax¥S≥M us ;g Δk~a[¥k 2–0 ls thrh\ Hkjr-vkLV_sf¥;k VΩoÍVh-20 eSp% vkLV_sf¥;k ds` nkSjs ij Hkjrh; fdz`ds`V Vhe us VsLV Δk~a[¥k ds` ckn ,d` VΩoÍVh-20 eSp 1 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks [s¥k\ ;g eSp vkLV_sf¥;k us 9 fods`V ls thrk\ n\ vœz`hd`k-osLVbaMht Δk~a[¥k%n\ vœz`hd`k ds` nkSjs ij osLVbaMht d`h fdz`ds`V Vhe us 5 ,d`fnolh; eSpkÍ d`h Δk~a[¥k tuojh-œ`jojh 2008 eÍ [s¥h\ lHh ik∑p eSpkÍ eÍ osLVbaMht d`ks gjkd`j n\ vœz`hd`k us ;g Δk~a[¥k 5–0 ls vius uke d`h\ ,d`fnolh; vUrjkZÆV_h; fdz`ds`V eÍ lokZf|d` NDd`kÍ d`k fjd`kWMZ lur t;lw;kZ

ds` uke cjd`jkj%,d`fnolh; vUrjkZÆV_h; fdz`ds`V eÍ lokZf|d` NDd`kÍ ds` fjd`kWMZ ds` eke¥s eÍ ikfd`Lrku ds` 'kkfgn vœ`jhnh o Jh¥ad`k ds` lur t;lw;kZ ,d`-nwljs ds` vkxs ihNs p¥ jgs gß\ t;lw;kZ us xr 12 œ`jojh d`ks ds`ucjk eÍ Hkjr ds` fo:* ,d` eSp eÍ nks NDds` ¥xkd`j vius NDd`kÍ d`h dq`¥ la“;k 247 d`j ¥h rFkk ikfd`Lrku ds` 'kkfgn vœ`jhnh ds` 245 NDd`kÍ ls vkxs og fud`¥ x,\ 19 o"Z ds` fdz`ds`V dS`fj;j eÍ ig¥h ckj fgV fods`V gq, lfpu rÍnq¥d`j% Hkjrh; fdz`ds`V LVkj lfpu rÍnq¥d`j xr 2 œ`jojh d`ks fczlcsu eÍ f(d`ks.h; Δk~a[¥k ds` ,d` eSp eÍ vkLV_sf¥;k ds` czsV ¥h d`h xÍn ij fgV fods`V vkmV gq,\ vius 19 o"Z ds` fdz`ds`V dS`fj;j eÍ og ig¥h ckj fgV fods`V vkmV gq,\ ,d`fnolh; vUrjkZÆV_h; fdz`ds`V eÍ fgV fods`V vkmV gksus ok¥s og u;u ekÍfx;k o vfu¥ dq`Ec¥s ds` ckn rhljs Hkjrh; fdz`ds`Vj gß\ ekÍfx;k 7 v^S¥] 1995 d`ks 'kkjtkg eÍ ikfd`Lrku ds` f[¥kœ` olhe vd`je d`h xÍn ij] tcfd` dq`Ec¥s 8 tuojh] 2003 d`ks osf¥axVu eÍ U;wth¥S≥M ds` ,aM_;w ,MEl d`h xÍn ij fgV fods`V gq, Fks\ nl gtkj ls vf|d` ju cukus ok¥s nks vU; cY¥sckt czk;u ¥kjk vkSj bateke m¥ gd` Hh fgV fods`V vkmV gks pqds` gß\ bax¥S≥M-U;wth¥S≥M Δk~a[¥k%U;wth¥S≥M ds` nkSjs ij bax¥S≥M d`h fdz`ds`V Vhe us ik∑p ,d`fnolh; eSpkÍ d`h Δk~a[¥k œ`jojh 2008 eÍ [s¥h\ bl Δk~a[¥k d`k pkSFkk eSp VkbZ gqvk Fkk\ 23 œ`jojh d`ks dz`kbLVppZ eÍ o"kZ ls ckf|r vfUre eSp thrd`j U;wth¥S≥M us ;g Δk~a[¥k 3–1 ls thrus eÍ lœ`¥rk ^kIr d`h\ fn¥hi V_kWœ`h%xr fotsrk m®j {ks( us 20–23 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks eqEcbZ eÍ if'pe {ks( d`ks 6 fods`V ls gjk d`j fn¥hi V_kWœ`h ij viuk d`Ctk cjd`jkj j[k\ ik∑p fnolh; œ`kbu¥ ds` pkSFks fnu gh ;g eSp thrus eÍ lœ`¥rk m®j {ks( us ^kIr d`h\ bl fot; ls 30 ¥k[ :i, m®j {ks( d`ks iqjLd`kj eÍ ^kIr gq,] tcfd` mifotsrk if'pe {ks( d`ks 15 ¥k[ :i, fe¥s\ m®j {ks( us 17oÓ ckj ;g V_kWœ`h thrh gS\ bl VwukZesUV eÍ m®j {ks( ds` d`Irku feFkqu eUgkl Fks\

QqVcky vœz`hd`u us'kal d`i%?kuk eÍ vd`jk xr 10 œ`jojh d`ks dS`eÔu d`ks œ`kbu¥ eÍ 1–0 ls gjkd`j xr fotsrk felz us œq`Vck¥ d`k ^frfÆBr vœz`hd`u us'kal d`i NBh ckj thrus eÍ lœ`¥rk ^kIr d`h\ (Accra) eÍ

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2008/1582

MsEiks LiksVΩlZ D¥c cuk ig¥s vks,uthlh vkbZ-¥hx d`k fotsrk csgrj xks¥ vUrj ds` vk|kj ij pfpZ¥ cznlZ d`ks ihNs NksÈMrs gq, xksok ds` MsEiks LiksVΩlZ D¥c us ig¥s vks,uthlh vkbZ-¥hx œq`Vck¥ VwukZesUV d`k f[rkc xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ thr f¥;k\ vius vfUre 18oÍ eSp ls iwoZ MsEiks LiksVΩlZ D¥c o pfpZ¥ cznlZ] nksukÍ vad`kÍ d`h la“;k 33-33 Fkh\ 23 œ`jojh d`ks MsEiks us d`ks>hd`ksM eÍ vfUre eSp eÍ tgk∑ ohok ds`j¥ d`ks ijkftr fd`;k] ogÓ pfpZ¥ us Hh eMxkao eÍ ,;j bafM;k ds` fo:* fot; ntZ d`h\ blls nksukÍ vxz.h VhekÍ ds` vad` 36-36 gks x, Fks\ vUrr# csgrj xks¥ vUrj ds` vk|kj ij MsEiks d`ks fotsrk o pfpZ¥ cznlZ d`ks mifotsrk ?ksf"r fd`;k x;k\ rhljk LFkku tslhVh œ`xokÈMk d`k jgk\ bl VwukZesUV eÍ fd`, x, dq`¥ xks¥kÍ eÍ ls vf|d`ka'k xks¥ fons'kh f[¥kfÈM;kÍ us gh fd`, Fks\ VwukZesUV eÍ fofHUu VhekÍ d`h fLFkfr fuEuf¥f[r rkf¥d`k eÍ ^nf'kZr gS% eSp thrs `M_kW xks¥ xks¥ vad` ·xks¥ Vhe gkjs [s¥s fd`, [k, vUrj‚ MsEiks LiksVΩlZ D¥c 18 10 6 2 35 13 36 (+ 22) pfpZ¥ cznlZ 18 11 3 4 40 22 36 (+ 18) tslhVh 18 9 6 3 31 14 33 (+ 17) eksgu cxku 18 8 6 4 22 17 30 (+ 5) efgUnzk ;wukbVsM 18 7 7 4 24 18 28 ( + 6) bZLV caxk¥ 18 5 4 9 17 23 19 (– 6) LiksfVÛx D¥c ·xksok‚ 18 4 7 7 14 24 19 (– 10) ,;j bf≥M;k 18 7 8 7 10 20 17 (– 10) ohok ds`j¥ 18 3 3 12 13 38 12 (25) l¥xkod`j 18 1 8 9 20 37 11 (– 17)

pSfEi;al V_kWœ`h 2009 d`h estckuh vkLV_sf¥;k d`ks%o"Z 2009 eÍ iq:"kÍ o efg¥kvkÍ ds` pSfEi;al V_kWœ`h VwukZeÍVΩl d`k vk;kstu vkLV_sf¥;k eÍ gksxk\ efg¥k pSfEi;al V_kWœ`h flMuh eÍ vks¥fEid` ikdZ` eÍ 11 ls 19 tq¥kbZ rd` vkSj iq:" pSfEi;al V_kWœ`h 28 uoEcj ls 6 fnlEcj rd` es¥cuZ ds` LVsV gkWd`h lÍVj eÍ vk;ksftr d`h tk,xh\ vkLV_sf¥;k us blls iwoZ 1999 eÍ iq:" vkSj 2005 eÍ efg¥k pSfEi;al V_kWœ`h d`h estckuh efg¥kvkÍ d`h lhfu;j jkÆV_h; d`h Fkh\ pSfEi;uf'ki%tk¥a|j eÍ xr œ`jojh ekg egkjktk j.thr flag gkWd`h%ubZ eÍ efg¥kvkÍ d`h 55oÓ lhfu;j jkÆV_h; gkWd`h fnY¥h eÍ f'kokth LVsfM;e ij xr 27 œ`jojh d`ks bafM;u vkW;¥ d`ks œ`kbu¥ eÍ 5–4 ls gjk d`j Hkjr isV_ksf¥;e us ;g VwukZesUV thrus eÍ lœ`¥rk ^kIr d`h\

lqij d`i%ig¥k vkbZ-¥hx VwukZesUV thrus ds` ,d` lIrkg ds` Hhrj] 27 œ`jojh d`ks MsEiks LiksVΩlZ D¥c ·xksok‚ us xqÈMxk∑o eÍ bZLV caxk¥ d`ks œ`kbu¥ eÍ 1–0 ls gjk d`j vks,uthlh lqij d`i d`k f[rkc Hh thrus eÍ lœ`¥rk ^kIr d`h\

xksYQ bafM;u ekLVlZ f[rkc%xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ ubZ fnY¥h eÍ bafM;u ekLVlZ xksYœ` f[rkc tkus-ekus f[¥kfÈM;kÍ d`ks iNkÈMrs gq, ,l\ ,l\ ih\ pkSjfl;k us thrk\ mud`k Hkjrh; js¥os d`h d`Irku lqfjanj d`kSj 55oÓ j{kd` dq`¥ Ld`ksj 279 jgk\ vk;j¥S≥M ds` Msfe;u lhfu;j jkÆV_h; efg¥k gkWd`h ^fr;ksfxrk thrus eSd`xzsu d`k bleÍ nwljk Lƒku jgk\ ds` ckn d`i ds` lkFk pSfEi;uf'ki js¥os us œ`kbu¥ eÍ >kj[≥M LDoS'k d`ks 3 - 1 l s gjkd`j thrh\ rhljk LFkku eqEcbZ d`k jgk\ bl pSfEi;uf'ki eÍ js¥os d`h Vhe d`h d`Irku lqfjanj d`kSj FkÓ\ js¥os lhfu;j ,f'k;kbZ pSfEi;uf'ki%œ`jojh us ¥xkrkj 23oÓ ckj ;g gkWd`h pSfEi;uf'ki 2008 eÍ dq`oSr eÍ lEiUu lhfu;j ,f'k;kbZ thrh gS\ LDoS'k pSfEi;uf'ki eÍ iq:" o efg¥k] nksukÍ

f[¥kÈMh cuh rFkk 178 lIrkg rd` og 'kh"ZLFk jgÓ\ muds` 9 xzkaM L¥Se f[rkckÍ eÍ 4 vkLV_sf¥;kbZ vksiu] 3 œz`kalhlh vksiu o 2 vejhd`h vksiu f[rkc 'kkfe¥ gß\ lSi vksiu%lku tksl eÍ xr 24 œ`jojh d`ks lSi (SAP) vksiu Vsful d`k f[rkc vejhd`k ds` ,aMh jkWfMd` us œ`kbu¥ eÍ jkMsd` LVsikusd` d`ks gjk d`j thrk\ jkWfMd` us ;g f[rkc rhljh ckj thrk gS\ blls iwoZ 2004 o 2005 eÍ mUgkÍus bls thrk Fkk\ d`rj vksiu%Ôl d`h ekfj;k 'kkjkiksok us xr 24 œ`jojh d`ks nksgk eÍ d`rj vksiu Vsful d`k f[rkc œ`kbu¥ eÍ osjk Toksukjsok d`ks gjk d`j thrk\ viuh |jrh ij uk¥ ckafM;ku d`k ig¥k f[rkc%vtsZUVhuk ds` MsfoM uk¥ ckafM;ku us xr 24 œ`jojh d`ks C;wulvk;lZ eÍ ,Vhih d`ksik Vs¥esDl Vsful d`k f[rkc œ`kbu¥ eÍ tksl ,d`klqlks d`ks gjk d`j thrk\ viuh |jrh ij uk¥ ckafM;ku ,f'k;kuk vksfl;kuk xzqi-I ds` ig¥s d`k ;g ig¥k gh ,Vhih f[rkc gS\ nkSj ds` eqd`kc¥s eÍ Hkjr fot;h%xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ ubZ fnY¥h eÍ Msfol d`i Vscy Vsful Vsful ds` ,f'k;k vksfl;kuk xzqi ou ds` ig¥s nkSj ds` eqd`kc¥s eÍ Hkjr us mtcsfd`lhfu;j jkÆV_h; pSfEi;uf'ki%fl¥hLrku d`ks 3-2 ls gjkd`j nwljs nkSj eÍ xqÈMh eÍ tuojh-œ`jojh 2008 eÍ lEiUu izos'k fd`;k\ bu eqd`kc¥kÍ eÍ Hkjrh; Vhe jkÆV_h; Vsc¥ Vsful pSfEi;uf'ki eÍ ik∑pkÍ eÍ egs'k Hwifr] jksgu cksiUuk] lksenso o oS;fDrd` f[rkc isV_ksf¥;e LiksVΩlZ ^eks'ku ^d`k'k ve~rjkt 'kkfe¥ Fks] tcfd` xSj cksMZ (PSPB) ds` f[¥kfÈM;kÍ us gh thrs\ f[¥kÈMh d`Irku f¥,aMj isl Fks\ nwljs nkSj eÍ iq:`"kÍ ds` ,d`¥ f[rkc ds` f¥, ih,lihch Hkjrh; Vhe d`k eqd`kc¥k tkiku ls gksxk\ ds` ,\ 'kjr d`e¥ us js¥os ds` lkSjH ;g eSp Hkjrh; |jrh ij gh [s¥s tk,axs\ pdz`orhZ d`ks rFkk efg¥k ,d`¥ f[rkc ds` ,aVoiZ vksiu%,aVoiZ ·csfYt;e‚ eÍ f¥, ih,lihch d`h ikS¥kseh ?Vd` us js¥os xr 17 œ`jojh d`ks bV¥h d`h dS`fju uSi d`h vfuafnrk pdz`orhZ d`ks œ`kbu¥ eÍ ijkftr (Karin Knapp) d`ks œ`kbu¥ eÍ gjkd`j fd`;k\ 'kjr d`e¥ o ikS¥kseh ?Vd` d`h MCY;w\ Vh\ ,\ Vsful d`k f[rkc csfYt;e tksÈMh us gh fefJr ;qx¥ Hh thrk] tcfd` d`h tfLVu gsfuu us thrk\ fo'o d`h uEcj iq:"kÍ d`k ;qx¥ 'kjr d`e¥ o lqHthr ,d` f[¥kÈMh gsfuu d`k Lons'kh |jrh ij lkgk d`h tksÈMh us o efg¥k ;qx¥ ikS¥kseh ?Vd` o ekSek nkl d`h tksÈMh us thrk\ ;g ig¥k gh f[rkc Fkk\ eklhZ¥s vksiu%fczVsu ds` ,aMh eqjs us ikS¥kseh us efg¥kvkÍ d`k ,d`¥ tgk∑ ik∑poÓ 17 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks dz`ks,f'k;k ds` ekfj;ks ckj thrk gS] ogÓ 'kjr d`e¥ us rhljh ,afld` d`ks œ`kbu¥ eÍ gjkd`j eklhZ¥s vksiu ckj ,d`¥ pSfEi;uf'ki thrh gS\ KkrO; gS fd` bl pSfEi;uf'ki ds` iq:" ,Vhih Vsful d`k f[rkc thrk\ o efg¥k oxZ ds` Vhe f[rkc Hh ih,lihch eksfud`k ls¥sl d`k is'ksoj Vsful ls us gh thrs gß\ laU;kl% 9 xzkaM L¥Se f[rkckÍ lfgr dq`¥ fe¥kd`j 53 ,d`¥ o 6 cSMfeUVu ;qx¥ f[rkckÍ d`h fotsrk eksfud`k ls¥sl ·vejhd`k‚ us is'ksoj iokj us thrk vkfLV_;u vksiu Vsful ls œ`jojh 2008 cSMfeaVu f[rkc%Hkjr ds` ;qok f[¥kÈMh eÍ laU;kl ¥s f¥;k\ 2 vkuUn iokj us xr 23 œ`jojh d`ks ;wdzs`u ds` fnlEcj] 1973 d`ks ;wxks- ok¥fnl¥kso MwjtÍd`ks d`ks œ`kbu¥ eÍ gjkd`j eksfud`k ls¥sl L¥kfo;k eÍ tUeh eksfud`k iq:"kÍ d`h vkfLV_;u vksiu cSMfeaVu ^frus 1994 eÍ vejhd`h ukxfjd`rk ¥s ¥h Fkh\ ;ksfxrk thr ¥h gS\ fnoaxr lS;n eksnh ds` 11 ekpZ] 1991 d`ks og fo'o d`h uEcj ,d` ckn vkfLV_;u vksiu cSMfeaVu d`k f[rkc

gh oxksÛ ds` f[rkc e¥sf'k;kbZ f[¥kfÈM;kÍ us thrs\ iq:"kÍ ds` f[rkc ds` f¥, e¥sf'k;k ds` vkÍx cÍx gh (Ong Beng Hee) us œ`kbu¥ eÍ vius gh ns'k ds` eksgEen fud`ks¥ MsfoM # vÈt¥ku blda`nj d`ks fo'o d`h uEcj ,d` ijkftr fd`;k\ efg¥k LDoS'k f[¥kÈMh oxZ ds` f[rkc ds` f¥, fo'o d`h uEcj ,d` e¥sf'k;kbZ f[¥kÈMh fud`ks¥ MsfoM (Nicol David) us gkaxd`kax d`h jscsd`k fp;q d`ks œ`kbu¥ eÍ ijkftr fd`;k\ Hkjr d`h tks'kuk fpuIik bl Li*kZ eÍ lsehœ`kbu¥ rd` igq∑pus eÍ lœ`¥ jgh FkÓ] tgk∑ jscsd`k fp;q ds` le{k d`ksVZ eÍ vlqfo|k ds` p¥rs eSp v|wjk [s¥ d`j ijkt; mUgkÍus Lohd`kj d`j ¥h\

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2008/1583

thrus ok¥s iokj nwljs Hkjrh; f[¥kÈMh cus gß\ eksnh us o"Z 1984 eÍ bl f[rkc ij d`Ctk tek;k Fkk\ fofo/k

ig¥s ;qok vks¥fEid` [s¥ flaxkiqj eÍ ig¥s ;qok vks¥fEid` [s¥kÍ d`k vk;kstu eÍ fd`;k tk,xk\ bld`h estckuh flaxkiqj d`ks lkßih xbZ gS\ 2010

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æs" i~ÆB 1580 d`k iwfrZ gsrq ekuo iw∑th ds` fod`kl ds` f¥, m®j izns'k eÍ jk;cjs¥h eÍ tk;l eÍ

jktho xka|h baLVhVΩ;wV vkW√ isV_ksf¥;e Vs D uks ¥ kW t h (RGIPT) d`h Lƒkiuk isV_ksf¥;e vkSj izkÎ`frd` xSl ea(k¥; ds` v|hu d`h tk jgh gS\ bld`k f'k¥kU;kl ;wih, v÷;” Jherh lksfu;k xka|h us xr 20 √jojh d`ks fd`;k\ laLƒku eÍ ch Vsd` o ,ech, ikBΩ;dz`e 'kS”f.d` l( 2008-09 ls izkjEH gkÍxs\ chVsd` ikBΩ;dz`e eÍ vkbZvkbZVh-tsbZbZ ds` ek÷;e ls rƒk ,ech, eÍ vkbZvkbZVh-ts,ebZVh ds` ek÷;e ls izos'k bl laLƒku eÍ fd`, tk,axs\ ●●● uohu iqLrd`

¥s[d` # gjhæ ;kno d`ksM ua\ 504 ewY; # 25/E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.upkarprakashan.com

eÍ O;; 74,828·67 d`jksÈM :i, izLrkfor gS\ ctV eÍ ;kstukxr O;; (Plan Expenditure) 38,568·35 d`jksÈM :i, fu|kZfjr fd`;k x;k gS\ 5-5 ¥k[ :`i, ds` d`kaæhjke d`¥k

lEeku iqjLd`kjkÍ d`h LFkkiuk ukVΩ;] u~R;] laxhr] fp(d`¥k ,oa

;wih d`ksd`k fo|s;d` fo|ku lHk eÍ ewfrZd`¥k d`ks izksRlkfgr d`jus ds` f¥, m®j iznsæ æklu us ekU;oj Jh d`kaæhjke d`¥k iqu# ikfjr ekfœ`;k o laxfBr vijk|kÍ ij fu;a(. ds` f¥, m®j iznsæ laxfBr vijk| fu;a(. fo|s;d` d`ks iznsæ fo|ku lHk us nwljh ckj xr 13 œ`jojh d`ks ikfjr fd`;k gS\ nwljh ckj fo|ku lHk eÍ ikfjr bl fo|s;d` d`ks fo|ku ifj"nΩ }kjk vLohd`kj fd`, tkus ij Hh jkT;ik¥ ds` vuqeksnukFkZ Hstk tk ld`rk gS\ bl fo|s;d` d`ks fo|ku lHk us ig¥h ckj 5 uoEcj] 2007 d`ks ikfjr d`j fo|ku ifj"nΩ d`ks xr 6 uoEcj d`ks lUnfHZr fd`;k Fkk tgk∑ mls izoj lfefr d`ks lkßi fn;k x;k Fkk\ izoj lfefr us vius lq>ko ds` lkFk lnu d`ks mls okil d`j fn;k] fd`Urq lnu us nksckjk mls izoj lfefr ds` gok¥s d`j fn;k Fkk\ og fo|s;d` vHh Hh izoj lfefr ds` ikl fopkjk|hu gS\ iznsæ ds` lalnh; d`k;Z ,oa fo® ea(h ¥k¥th oekZ us laoS|kfud` izko|kukÍ d`k gok¥k nsrs gq, d`gk gS fd` tc d`ksbZ fo|s;d` rhu eghus ckn Hh fo|ku ifj"nΩ ls okil ugÓ ¥kSVrk] rks fo|ku lHk d`ks ;g vf|d`kj gS fd` og nksckjk mld`k ikj. d`js\ nwljh ckj ikfjr gksus ij fo|ku ifj"nΩ mls eatwjh ns ;k vLohd`kj d`js] nksukÍ nækvkÍ eÍ og ikfjr eku f¥;k tkrk gS rFkk jkT;ik¥ ds` vuqeksnukFkZ Hst fn;k tkrk gS\

mPp U;k;k¥; ds` lsokfuo~® U;k;k|hæ U;k;ewfrZ fouksn pUnz feJ jkT; fof| vk;ksx ds` v÷;{k m®j iznsæ ljd`kj us mPp U;k;k¥; ds` lsokfuo~® U;k;k|hæ U;k;ewfrZ fouksn pUnz feJ d`ks jkT; fof| vk;ksx d`k v÷;{k œ`jojh 2008 eÍ cuk;k gS\ tfLVl feJ 31 tuojh d`ks gh lsokfuo~® gq, Fks\ mY¥s[uh; gS fd` fof| vk;ksx d`ks jkT; æklu us ig¥s Hax d`j fn;k Fkk\ jkT; ds` bl egRoiw.Z vk;ksx d`ks iznsæ ljd`kj us gk¥ gh eÍ cgk¥ fd`;k gS\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1584

lEeku d`h LFkkiuk d`h gS\ 5-5 ¥k[ :i, ds` bl d`¥k lEeku ls izfro"Z ,sls nks d`¥kd`kjkÍ d`ks iqjLd~`r fd`;k tk,xk ftUgkÍus vius O;fDrxr iz;klkÍ ls jkÆV_h; ,oa vUrjkZÆV_h; Lrj ij xkSjo izkIr fd`;k gks\ ;g iqjLd`kj ækL(h; laxhr-xk;u-oknu] u~R;] ¥ksd` laxhr-xk;u] oknu] u~R;vk|qfud` ,oa ikjEifjd`] ukVΩ; fo|k¥s[u] vfHu; ,oa funsZæu vkSj vk|qfud` ,oa ijEijkxr ¥f¥r d`¥kvkÍ%fp(d`¥k ,oa ewfrZd`¥k ds` “;kfr izkIr d`¥kd`kjkÍ d`ks iznku fd`;k tk,xk\ jkT; eaf(eaM¥ }kjk xr 4 œ`jojh d`ks Lohd~`r fu;eko¥h ds` vuqlkj d`kaæhjke d`¥k lEeku ds` f¥, d`¥kd`kjkÍ d`k p;u eq“; lfpo d`h v÷;{krk ok¥h p;u lfefr }kjk fd`;k tk,xk\ izeq[ lfpo] lfpo laLd~`fr foHkx bl lfefr ds` lnL; lfpo gkÍxs rFkk ækL(h; laxhr xk;u oknu] u~R; ds` nks foæs"K rFkk ¥ksd` laxhr xk;u oknu] u~R; ds` Hh nks foæs"K bl lfefr ds` lnL; gkÍxs\ buds` vfrfjDr vk|qfud` ,oa ijEijkxr ukVΩ; fo|kvkÍ] ¥s[u] vfHu; ,oa funsZæu ds` nks foæs"K rFkk vk|qfud` ,oa ijEijkxr ¥f¥r d`¥k,a] fp(d`¥k ,oa ewfrZd`¥k ds` Hh nks foæs"K bl lfefr eÍ lnL; ds` Ôi eÍ ækfe¥ fd`, tk,axs\ 2008-09 ds` m®j izns'k ds` ctV

eÍ d`ksbZ u;k d`j ugÓ fo®h; o"Z 2008-09 gsrq m®j iznsæ ljd`kj d`k ctV jkT; ds` fo® ea(h ¥k¥th oekZ us fo|ku lHk eÍ xr 12 œ`jojh d`ks izLrqr fd`;k\ 5195·05 d`jksÈM :i, ds` vkf|D; ds` bl ctV eÍ d`ksbZ u;k d`j ;»fi ugÓ ¥xk;k x;k gS rƒk u gh fd`lh d`j d`h nj eÍ o~f* d`k bleÍ izko|ku gS\ rƒkfi MhVh,p ds` ek÷;e ls iznku fd`, tkus ok¥s euksjatu d`ks vkxs d`j ds` nk;js eÍ ¥kus d`k izLrko bleÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ ctV eÍ fo®h; o"Z 200809 ds` nkSjku jkT; ljd`kj d`k dq`¥ O;; 1,12,472·72 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur gS\ bleÍ iw∑thxr ifjO;; 37,644·05 d`jksÈM :i, jktLo ¥s[s (Revenue Account)

m®j iznsæ ljd`kj d`k ctV izLrqr d`jrs fo® ea(h ¥k¥th oekZ\ lkƒ eÍ gß eq“;ea(h ek;korh m|j 2008-09 eÍ jkT; ljd`kj d`h dq`¥ izkfIr;k∑ 1,10,827·87 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur gß\ bleÍ 85,806·35 d`jksÈM :i, jktLo izkfIr;k∑ (Revenue Receipt) o æs" 25,021·52 d`jksÈM :i, iw∑th izkfIr;k∑ (Capital Receipts) vuqekfur gß\ jktLo izkfIr;kÍ eÍ 67,019·10 d`jksÈM :i, ds`

vuqekfur d`j jktLo eÍ ds`Unzh; d`jkÍ d`k vaæ 34,706·10 d`jksÈM :i, gS\ bu vuqekukÍ ds` lkƒ jktLo [krs eÍ 10,977·68 d`jksÈM :i, d`h cpr gksxh] tks iwoZ o"Z eÍ vuqekfur 6,146·32 d`jksÈM :i, d`h jktLo cpr ls vf|d` gksxh\ 200809 eÍ jktd`ks"h; ?kVk (Fiscal Deficit) 11,698·91 d`jksÈM :i, jgus d`k vuqeku gS tks iwoZ o"Z ds` ew¥ ctV eÍ vuqekfur jktd`ks"h; ?kVs ls 785·79 d`jksÈM :i, d`e gS\ ld`¥ jkT; ?js¥w mRikn · State Domestic Product) ds` ^frær ds` Ôi eÍ bl ctV eÍ vuqekfur jktd`ks"h; ?kVk 2·98 izfrær gS tks iwoZ fo®h; o"Z ds` ew¥ ctV eÍ 3·60 ^frær ƒk\ lesfd`r fuf| d`h izkfIr;kÍ · 1,10,827·87 d`jksÈM :`i,‚ ij dq`¥ O;; · 1,12,472·72 d`jksÈM :`i,‚ ds` vkf|D; d`ks ns[rs gq, 2008-09 eÍ ?kVk 1644·85 d`jksÈM :`i, ctV eÍ vuqekfur fd`;k x;k gS\ ¥ksd` ¥s[s ls 3475·60 d`jksÈM :`i, d`h izkfIr;kÍ ds` lek;kstu ds` i'pkrΩ leLr ¥su-nsu d`k æq* ifj.ke 1830·75 d`jksÈM :`i, d`h cpr d`k jgsxk\ fo®h; o"Z 2007-08 ds ` ^kjfEHd` æs" ·3364·30 d`jksÈM :`i,‚ ds` lek;kstu ds` i'pkrΩ 2008-09 ds` var eÍ 5195·05 d`jksÈM :`i, d`k vkf|D; ctV eÍ vuqekfur gS\ ek;korh ljd`kj d`k ;g ctV iznsæ d`h X;kjgoÓ iapo"hZ; ;kstuk d`k f}rh; ctV gS\ 2008-09 eÍ fod`kl nj 10

^frær izkIr d`jus d`k ¥{; bleÍ fu|kZfjr fd`;k x;k gS\ ds`Unz izk;ksftr jkÆV_h; xzkeh. jkstxkj xkjaVh d`k;Z∂`e (NREGS), tks orZeku eÍ iznsæ ds` 39 ft¥kÍ eÍ ¥kxw gS] d`ks 2008-09 eÍ iznsæ ds` lHh 70 ft¥kÍ eÍ ¥kxw d`jus d`k ¥{; j[k x;k gS\ blds` f¥, jkT; ds` vaæ ds` Ôi eÍ 300 d`jksÈM :i, d`k izko|ku ctV eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ xjhch js[k ds` uhps thou;kiu d`j jgs 60 o"Z ls vf|d` mez ds` lHh o~*kÍ d`ks iÍæu d`k izko|ku Hh ctV eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ voLƒkiuk lqfo|kvkÍ ds` fod`kl ds` f¥, iw∑thxr ifjO;; ds` rgrΩ 22,554·10 d`jksÈM :i, d`h O;oLƒk d`h xbZ gS\ lw[s ls xzLr cqans¥[≥M ij foæs" ÷;ku nsrs gq, blds` lHh lkr tuinkÍ ds` fd`lkukÍ ds` cßd`kÍ ds` d~`f" )`.kÍ ij cd`k;k C;kt ekœ` d`jrs gq, 300 d`jksÈM :`i, d`k izko|ku blds` f¥, ctV eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ iznsæ eÍ Lojkstxkj d`ks cÈ
mÙkjk[k.M 2008-09 d`h okf"Zd` ;kstuk d`k

vkd`kj fu|kZfjr ds`Unzh; ;kstuk vk;ksx us xr 6 œ`jojh d`ks m®jk[≥M d`h o"Z 2008-09 d`h 4775 d`jksÈM :i, d`h lk¥kuk ;kstuk d`ks eatwjh nh gS\ ;kstuk d`k ;g vkd`kj 2007-08 d`h 4378 d`jksÈM :i, d`h ;kstuk d`h rq¥uk eÍ 396.37 d`jksÈM :i, izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1585

vf|d` gS\ jkT; ds` eq“;ea(h Hqou panz [aMwjh vkSj ds`Unzh; ;kstuk vk;ksx ds` mik÷;{k MkW\ ekWVsd` flag vkg¥wokf¥;k ds` chp O;kid` fopkj-foeæZ ds` ckn jkT; d`h 2008-09 d`h okf"Zd` ;kstuk ds` ifjO;; d`ks vfUre Ôi xr 6 œ`jojh d`ks fn;k x;k\ m®jk[≥M ljd`kj ds` ,d` oDrO; ds` vuqlkj \2008-09 d`h ;kstuk eÍ efg¥k fod`kl] ;qokvkÍ d`ks jkstxkj] LoPN is;t¥ vkSj lÈMd` d`h mi¥C|rk ,oa t¥fo»qrΩ ifj;kstukvkÍ ds` fuekZ. ij foæs" c¥ fn;k x;k gS\ fæ{kk] LokLF;] i;ZVu vkSj d~`f" fofo|hd`j. ds` f¥, csgrj voLFkkiuk lqfo|k fod`flr d`jus ij Hh c¥ bleÍ fn;k x;k gS\

f¥, pquk x;k\ fœ`Ye ds` fuekZrk Jhfuokl jsMΩMh gß\ Hkjr vkSj Ld`kWV¥S≥M ds` la;qDr iz;klkÍ ls cuh fœ`Ye nΩ VkW¥sLV LVksjh d`kEihfVæu d`ks fu.kZ;d` lfefr us foæs" iqjLd`kj ls lEekfur fd`;k\ bl fœ`Ye d`k funsZæu ¥sl¥h esds`Uth vkSj rkjk Mx¥l us fd`;k gS\

e÷; iznsæ d`ks i;ZVu iqjLd`kj i;ZVu ds` {ks( eÍ loZJsÆB fuÆiknu gsrq d`k jkT;kÍ d`h Js.h d`k jkÆV_h; i;ZVu iqjLd`kj e÷; iznsæ d`ks iznku fd`;k tk,xk\ ;g ig¥k gh volj gS tc e÷; iznsæ d`ks bl iqjLd`kj gsrq pquk x;k gS\

2007-08

jkT; ds` fæ{kk ea(h ¥{e. flag xkSÈM d`k fu|u e÷; iznsæ ds` fæ{kk ea(h ¥{e. flag xkSÈM d`h xr 11 œ`jojh d`ks nsokl ds` fud`V MsfLVusæu e÷; iznsæ # X¥ksc¥ ,d` lÈMd` nq?ZVuk eÍ e~R;q gks xbZ\

bUosLVlZ ehV e÷; iznsæ eÍ fuosæ d`ks izksRlkfgr d`jus ds` f¥, fuosæd`kÍ d`k nks fnolh; lekxe xr 15-16 œ`jojh d`ks tc¥iqj eÍ vk;ksftr fd`;k x;k\ e÷; iznsæ æklu ds` rRoko|ku eÍ ,slk ig¥k lEes¥u tuojh 2007 eÍ [tqjkgks eÍ o iqu# vDVwcj 2007 eÍ bankSj eÍ vk;ksftr fd`;k x;k Fkk\

e÷; iznsæ ds` vUrjkZÆV_h; tutkrh; f√Ye egksRlo ds` iqjLd`kj e÷; iznsæ eÍ bankSj eÍ xr 1–3 œ`jojh d`ks lEiUu vUrjkZÆV_h; tutkrh; fœ`Ye egksRlo eÍ 40 nsækÍ d`h 250 ls vf|d` fœ`YeÍ iznfæZr d`h xbÛ\ fuekZrk funsZæd` fot; izrki d`h fœ`Ye brsd`k¥k ikaMqaxk ‘V_kbc¥ œ`fVZf¥Vh jkbVΩl’ d`ks jkÆV_h; Lrj ij loZJsÆB fœ`Ye ds` Ôi eÍ pquk x;k] tcfd` fœ`Ye d`k fuekZ. Hh fot; izrki us fd`;k gS\ egksRlo ds` nkSjku vUrjkZÆV_h; Js.h eÍ LohMu d`h gkds`u cFksZl funsZfær fœ`Ye fFku vkbl d`ks pquk x;k\ tutkrh; d`¥kd`kj }kjk cukbZ xbZ fœ`Ye iqjLd`kj Js.h eÍ tkftZ;k d`h Lokuh d`ks pquk x;k\ bl fœ`Ye d`k funsZæu tkslsc lkslks us fd`;k gS\ e÷; iznsæ d`h izfofÆV;kÍ eÍ vxfÈM;k tutkfr d`h leL;kvkÍ d`ks fn[kus ok¥h ‘vksg ¥ksgxqaMh jktk gks’ d`ks pquk x;k\ bl fœ`Ye d`k funsZæu jfo fof¥;El us fd`;k gS\ fo»kFkhZ Js.h eÍ ;æoar jsMΩMh funsZfær vka|z iznsæ d`h i~ÆBHwfe ij cuh fœ`Ye ‘I¥ht MkWUV fMLVcZ vl’ d`ks iqjLd`kj ds`

2008-09 ds` ctV eÍ vusd` jkgrÍ e÷; ^ns'k ds` fo® ea(h jk?oth us 2008-09 ds ` f¥, jkT; ljd`kj d`k 100·46 d`jksÈM :i, ds` vkf|D; d`k ctV fo|ku lHk eÍ 27 √jojh] 2008 d`ks izLrqr fd`;k\ ctV eÍ 2008-09 eÍ jkT; ljd`kj d`k dq`¥ O;; 39442·33 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur gS] ftleÍ 15351·84 d`jksÈM :i, vk;kstuk O;; o 'ks" 24090·49 d`jks È M :i, vk;ks t us r j O;; gks x k\ vk;kstuk O;; dq`¥ izLrkfor O;; d`k 38·92 izfr'kr vuqekfur gS\ ljd`kj d`h jktLo izkfIr;k∑ 34403·78 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur d`h xbZ gS\ 31564·00 d`jksÈM :i, ds` izLrkfor jktLo O;; ds` ifjizs{; eÍ jktLo vkf|D; 2839·78 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur gS] tcfd` jktd`ks"h; ?kVs d`k vuqeku 4741·00 d`jksÈM :`i, d`k gS] ;g e÷; izns'k jktd`ks"h; m®jnkf;Ro ,oa ctV izcU|u vf|fu;e] 2005 ds` vUrxZr visf”r jkT; ds` ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn ds` vf|d`re 3 izfr'kr ds` Hhrj gh jgsxk\ ctV eÍ d`ksbZ u;k d`j vkjksfir ugÓ fd`;k x;k gS] rƒkfi l®kÔÈ< ikVhZ ds` pqukoh ?ks".k i( ds` vuqÔi Mht¥ ij oSV (VAT) d`h nj 26 ^fr'kr ls ?Vkd`j 25 izfr'kr d`h xbZ gS\ blls iwoZ 2007-08 ds` nkSjku ;g nj 28·75 izfr'kr ls ?Vk d`j 26 izfr'kr d`h xbZ ƒh] lkƒ gh] |kfeZd` fp(] izlkn gkƒ d`k d`ÈMk] fcuk ekd`kZ d`h >kÈMw] Nkrs o muds` iqtsZ o d`iwj vkfn dq`N mRiknkÍ d`ks oSV ls iwjh rjg eqDr fd`;k x;k gS\ jkT; eÍ vHh rd` 150 :i, rd` ds` [qnjk ewY; ok¥s I¥kfLVd` ds` twrs] pIi¥ d`j ls eqDr ƒs]

;g lhek cÈ
mRikn iwoZ o"Z d`h rq¥uk eÍ 4·2 izfr'kr vf|d` crk;k x;k gS] tcfd` izkƒfed`] f}rh;d` ,oa r~rh;d` ”s(kÍ eÍ v¥x-v¥x o~f* d`h njÍ dz`e'k# 2·38 izfr'kr] 3·29 izfr'kr o 5·62 izfr'kr jgh gß\

jktd`ks"h; ?kVs ls d`e gksxk\ 2008-09 eÍ ¥f{kr jktLo vkf|D; tgk∑ dq`¥ jktLo izkfIr;kÍ d`k 3.59 izfrær gS] ogÓ jktd`ks"h; ?kVk jkT; ds` ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn d`k 3 izfrær ¥f{kr fd`;k x;k gS\

efg¥k iqf¥l cVkf¥;u ds` xBu d`h jktLFkku d`h ;kstuk iqf¥l lsok eÍ 30 izfrær LFkku efg¥kvkÍ d`ks iznku d`jus ds` ¥{; d`h fnæk eÍ d`ne mBkrs gq,\ jktLƒku æklu us jkT; eÍ efg¥kvkÍ d`h ,d` iqf¥l cVkf¥;u ds` xBu d`k œS`l¥k fd`;k gS\ jktiwr jkuh gkÈMk ds` uke ij bl cVkf¥;u ds` xBu gsrq jkT; ljd`kj ds` izLrko d`ks ds`Unzh; x~g ea(k¥; us eatwjh iznku d`j nh gS\ 1100 efg¥kvkÍ d`h jkuh gkÈMk cVkf¥;u ds` f¥, efg¥kvkÍ d`h HrhZ vizS¥ 2008 eÍ æqÔ gksus d`h lEHkouk gS\ mY¥s[uh; gS fd` efg¥k læDrhd`j. gsrq 5 lw(h; d`k;Zdz`e d`h ?ks".k eq“;ea(h olqa|jk jkts us 2007-08 d`k ctV izLrqr d`jrs le; d`h Fkh\ mlh ds` rgrΩ efg¥kvkÍ d`ks jks t xkj] ftleÍ Lojkstxkj Hh ækfe¥ gS\ lao*Zu ds` f¥, foæs" d`ne ogk∑ mBk, tk jgs gß\

jktLFkku ds` 2008-09 ds` ctV eÍ 180.39 d`jksÈM :`i, d`k vkf|D;

fo|ku lHk eÍ ctV izLrqr d`jrs gq, eq“;ea(h olqa|jk jkts

jkT; ds` bl u, ctV eÍ lfCt;kÍ o œ`¥kÍ ds` NksVs fodzs`rkvkÍ d`ks jkgr iznku d`jus ds` f¥, [qnjk cktkj eÍ mrjs cÈMs d`kiksZjsV fodzs`rkvkÍ d`ks 4 izfrær d`j ds` nk;js eÍ ¥k;k x;k gS\ ekcZ¥ o d`ksVkLVksu ij ‘oSV’ d`h nj 12.5 izfrær ls ?Vk d`j 4 izfrær d`h xbZ gS\ ctV izLrkokÍ eÍ [uu m»ksx ij mid`j (Cess) d`k izLrko d`jrs gq, d`gk x;k gS fd` blls izkIr jktLo d`k bLrsek¥ [uu-izHkfor {ks(kÍ ds` ikfjfLFkfrd`h; fod`kl gsrq fd`;k tk,xk\ flusek m»ksx d`ks cÈ
fo®h; o"Z 2008-09 ds` f¥, jktLFkku ljd`kj d`k ctV NwVkÍ ,oa jkgrkÍ ls ifjiw.Z gS\ lekt ds` ¥xHx lHh oxksÛ ds` f¥, jkgr iznku d`jrs gq, 180.39 d`jksÈM :i, ds` vkf|D; d`k ctV eq“;ea(h olqa|jk jkts] tks fo® ea(k¥; d`k izHkj Hh l∑Hk¥s gq, gß] us 25 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks fo|ku lHk eÍ izLrqr fd`;k\ 40,884.77 d`jksÈM :i, ds` dq`¥ izLrkfor O;; ok¥s bl ctV eÍ 31,803.11 d`jksÈM :i, jktLo [krs eÍ o æs" 9,081.66 d`jksÈM :i, iw∑th [krs eÍ O;; fd`, tk,axs\ 2008-09 eÍ ljd`kj d`h dq`¥ jktLo ctV 2008-09 : eq“; fcUnq izkfIr;k∑ 32,986.25 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur ,d` n~fÆV eÍ gß ftlls jktLo [krs eÍ 1,183.14 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur fd`;k x;k gS\ 2008-09 eÍ ● 2008-09 eÍ jktLo vkf|D; 1,183.14 d`jksÈM :i, o jktd`ks"h; jktd`ks"h; ?kVk 5,266.90 d`jksÈM :i, ?kVk 5,266.90 d`jksÈM :i, ·ld`¥ jgus d`k vuqeku ctV eÍ ¥xk;k x;k gS] jkT; ?js¥w mRikn d`k 3 izfrær‚\ tks iwoZ o"Z ds` 5,420 d`jksÈM :i, ds`

●

jkT; ljd`kj ds` O;; d`k lokZf|d` 16 izfrær C;kt vnk;xh ij\ ● ekcZ¥ o fœ`fu'M d`ksVkLVksu ij oSV d`h nj 12.5 izfrær ls ?Vk d`j 4 izfrær\ ● lfCt;kÍ o œ`¥kÍ ds` d`kiksZjsV fodzs`rkvkÍ ds` f¥, d`j 4 izfrær\ ● ,d` ¥k[ ls d`e tula“;k ok¥s ægjkÍ eÍ flusek ?j euksjatu d`j ls eqDr\ ● vU; ægjkÍ eÍ euksjatu d`j 35 izfrær ls ?Vk d`j 30 izfrær\ ● gokbZ lsok jfgr ægjkÍ eÍ ,Vh,œ` ij d`j 28 izfrær ls ?Vkd`j 4 izfrær\ ● iqjkus eksVj okgukÍ ij okf"Zd` xzhu d`j 200 :i, ls cÈ
f¥, fo»qrΩ ;kstuk’ d`h ?ks".k d`h xbZ gS ftlds` rgrΩ xSj-vkcknh {ks( ds` ¥ksxkÍ d`ks Hh fct¥h d`usDæu fn;k tk,xk\ xzkeh. {ks(kÍ eÍ xHZorh efg¥kvkÍ ds` f¥, |Uoarfj ,Ecq¥sl lsok ;kstuk’ æqÔ d`jus rFkk xqtZj vkj{k. vkUnks¥u ds` ifjizs{; xqtZj cgq¥ b¥kd`kÍ eÍ lqfo|k,a cÈ
13,000 d`jksÈM :`i, d`h okf"Zd`

;kstuk fcgkj d`h okf"Zd` ;kstuk (2008-09) d`k vkd`kj 13,000 d`jksÈM :i, d`k fu|kZfjr fd`;k x;k gS\ bleÍ jkT; d`h foæs" egRo d`h ifj;kstukvkÍ ds` f¥, 100 d`jksÈM :i, d`h vfrfjDr ds`Unzh; lgk;rk ækfe¥ gS\ jkT; ds` eq“;ea(h uhrhæ dq`ekj d`h ;kstuk vk;ksx ds` mik÷;{k ekÍVsd` flag vkg¥wokf¥;k ds` lkFk xr 30 tuojh d`h cSBd` eÍ bl ;kstuk d`ks vfUre Ôi fn;k x;k\

mRikn (GSDP) d`k 2·89 izfr'kr gksxk\ ljd`kj ds` dq`¥ izLrkfor 38574·12 d`jksÈM :i, ds` O;; eÍ vk;kstuk O;; 15949·09 d`jksÈM :i, o vk;kstusrj O;; 22625·03 d`jksÈM :i, gS\ 2008-09 eÍ ljd`kj d`h dq`¥ vuqekfur izkfIr;kÍ ·38073·20 d`jksÈM :i,‚ o dq`¥ izLrkfor O;; (38574·12) ds` ifjizs{; eÍ lesfd`r fuf| eÍ ?kVk 500·92 d`jksÈM :i, jgsxk\ ¥ksd` ¥s[k ls 444·92 d`jksÈM :i, d`h 'kq* izkfIr;kÍ ds` lek;kstu ds` mijkUr ;g ?kVk 56·01 d`jksÈM :i, d`k jgsxk] fd`Urq 99·08 d`jksÈM :i, ds` izkjfEHd` 'ks" ds` lek;kstu ds` i'pkrΩ o"kÛr eÍ 'kq* vkf|D; 43·07 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur fd`;k x;k gS\ ctV eÍ ^Lrqr d`j izLrkokÍ eÍ lHh izd`kj ds` gLrfufeZr lkcqu d`ks d`j eqDr d`jus] gksV¥kÍ ds` foLrkjhd`j. ij ¥Dtjh VSDl eÍ 7 o"ksÛ d`h NwV nsus] chÈMh fuekZ. eÍ d`ke vkus ok¥s rEckdw` d`ks oSV ls eqDr j[us rƒk vkWVks ikVΩlZ] M_kbZ-≠w`VΩl] lHh izd`kj d`h lqrf¥;kÍ o ?h ij oSV d`h nj 12·5 izfr'kr ls ?Vk d`j 4 izfr'kr d`jus ds` izLrko 'kkfe¥ gß\ fucfU|r d`jnkrk O;olkf;;kÍ d`ks lkekftd` lqj”k ^nku d`jus ds` f¥, nq?ZVuk chek ;kstuk izkjEH d`jus d`h ?ks".k ctV eÍ d`h xbZ gS\ blds` rgrΩ nq?ZVuk ls e~R;q d`h fLƒfr eÍ 2 ¥k[ :i, d`h jkf'k vuqcaf|r chek d`Eiuh }kjk vnk d`h tk,xh\ ctV Hk". eÍ d`h xbZ vU; eq“; ?ks".k,a fuEuf¥f[r gß%

ctV ?ks".k,a ,d` ›fÆV eÍ

2008-09 ds` ctV eÍ 43·07 d`jksÈM ● o"Z 2008-09 d`ks Î`f" o"Z ds` Ôi eÍ eukus d`k fu.Z;\ :`i, d`k vkf|D; fo®h; o"Z 2008-09 ds` f¥, fcgkj ● eNqvkjkÍ ds` f¥, tuJh chek ;kstuk ds` rgrΩ 2008-09 eÍ 20 gtkj ljd`kj d`k ctV jkT; ds` mieq“;ea(h eNqvkjkÍ ds` ches d`k ¥{;\ lq'kh¥ dq`ekj eksnh] tks fo® ea(k¥; d`k izHkj l∑Hk¥s gß] us fo|ku lHk eÍ xr 25 ● gkthiqj eÍ us'ku¥ baLVhVΩ;wV vkW√ √ekZL;wVhd`¥ ,≥M fjlpZ (NIPER) √jojh d`ks izLrqr fd`;k\ ctV eÍ 2008-09 }kjk d`k;Z izkjEH\ ds` nkSjku jkT; ljd`kj d`h jktLo izkfIr;k∑ 33550·97 d`jksÈM :i, o iw∑thxr izkfIr;k∑ ● ehBkiqj ·iVuk‚ eÍ us'ku¥ baLVhVΩ;wV 4522·22 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur gß\ bl vkW√ œS`'ku VsDuks¥kWth (NIFT) eÍ izd`kj dq`¥ izkfIr;k∑ 38073·20 d`jksÈM :i, twu 2008 ls d`”k,a izkjEH d`jus d`h jgÍxh] tcfd` dq`¥ O;; 38574·12 d`jksÈM ?ks".k\ :i, jgus d`k vuqeku ¥xk;k x;k gS\ ● uk¥ank] e|siqjk] if'peh pEikj. ,oa bleÍ 28937·89 d`jksÈM :i, jktLo O;; bafnjk xka|h vk;qfoZKku laLƒku iVuk o 'ks" 9636·23 d`jksÈM i, iw∑thxr O;; eÍ u, esfMd`¥ d`kW¥stkÍ d`h Lƒkiuk gksxk\ jktLo izkfIr;kÍ ·33550·97 d`jksÈM d`h ?ks".k\ :i,‚ o jktLo O;; ·28937·89 d`jksÈM :i,‚ ds` bu vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` ifjizs{; eÍ jktLo ● fo|k;d`kÍ d`ks 31 ekpZ] 2008 ls iwoZ ¥Si VkWi mi¥C| d`jkus d`h ?ks".k\ vkf|D; 4613·08 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur fd`;k x;k gS] tcfd` jktd`ks"h; ?kVk ● uoLƒkfir panzxqIr baLVhVΩ;wV vkW√ eSusteÍV eÍ 2008-09 'kS”f.d` l( 3325·04 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur fd`;k eÍ gh d`k;Z izkjEH\ x;k gS\ ;g jkT; ds` ld`¥ jkT; ?js¥w

●

ig¥s gh nks l(kÍ ls d`k;Z d`j jgs pk.D; jkÆV_h; fof| fo'ofo»k¥; gsrq 15 d`jksÈM :i, d`k vuqnku\ vius ctV Hk". eÍ mieq“;ea(h lq'kh¥ eksnh us crk;k fd` fcgkj fod`kl nj (Growth Rate) o ekuo fod`kl lwpd`kad` (HDI) ds` eke¥s eÍ lcls uhps ik;nku ij gS\ blf¥, jkT; 'kklu us ;kstuk vk;ksx }kjk izLrkfor 13 egRoiw.Z vuq J o.h; d`lkS f V;kÍ (13 Critical Monitorable Criteria) d`ks viukus d`k œS`l¥k fd`;k gS\ jkT; ds` f¥, 11 o Ó iapo"hZ; ;kstuk ds` f¥, ;s vuqJo.h; ¥{; fuEuf¥f[r gß%

2008-09 d`h okf"Zd` ;kstuk >kj[≥M d`h o"Z 2008-09 d`h okf"Zd` ;kstuk d`k vkd`kj 8015 d`jksÈM :i, d`k fu|kZfjr fd`;k x;k gS\ ;kstuk vk;ksx ds` mik÷;{k ekÍVsd` flag vkg¥wokf¥;k ds` lkFk eq“;ea(h e|q d`kSÈMk d`h xr 8 œ`jojh d`ks ubZ fnY¥h eÍ lEiUu cSBd` eÍ bl ;kstuk d`ks vfUre Ôi fn;k x;k\ 8015 d`jksÈM :i, d`h bl ;kstuk eÍ iznsæ d`h izkFkfed`rk ok¥h ifj;kstukvkÍ ds` f¥, 50 d`jksÈM :i, d`h vfrfjDr ds`Unzh; lgk;rk ækfe¥ gS\

X;kjgoÓ iapo"hZ; ;kstuk ds` f¥, vuqJo.h; lkekftd`%vkfƒZd` ¥{; dz`\

d`k;Zdz`e

01.

ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn d`h o~f* nj ·% eÍ‚ Î`f" mRikn fod`kl nj ·% eÍ‚

02.

X;kjgoÓ iapo"hZ; ;kstuk d`k ¥{;

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8.5

0.96

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d`k;Z ds` u, voljkÍ d`k l~tu xjhch nj ·dq`¥ tula“;k d`k izfrær‚ ^kƒfed`h fo»k¥;kÍ eÍ Nhtu nj lk”jrk nj lk”jrk eÍ ¯¥x foHsn f'k'kq e~R;q nj ekr~ e~R;q nj dq`¥ iztuu nj 0-3 vk;q oxZ ds` cPpkÍ ds` dq`iks". eÍ d`eh efg¥kvkÍ ,oa ckf¥d`kvkÍ eÍ jDrkYirk ¯¥x vuqikr

N.A.

50 ¥k[

41.5 (2004-05)

28.4

78.03% (2003-04)

27.85%

46.96% (2001)

64.04%

26.6% (2001)

17.40%

61 371 ^fr

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izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1588

ctV # egRoiw.Z fcUnq ,d` ›fÆV eÍ ●

29 123 ^fr

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4.3

3.0

54.4

27.7

63.4

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>kj[≥M eÍ vc lIrkg eÍ N# fnu 2008-09 ds` ctV eÍ 820·25 d`jksÈM :`i, d`k ?kVk d`k;Z fnol >kj[≥M eÍ lHh ljd`kjh d`k;kZ¥;kÍ eÍ 1 ekpZ] 2008 ls lIrkg eÍ d`k;Z fnolkÍ d`h la“;k 6 gksxh\ bl vkæ; d`k œS`l¥k eq“;ea(h d`h v÷;{krk eÍ jkT; eaf(eaM¥ d`h 12 œ`jojh] 2008 d`h cSBd` eÍ fd`;k x;k\ jkT; eÍ 5 d`k;Z fnolkÍ ds` lIrkg d`h O;oLFkk ,d` o"Z iwoZ gh 1 ekpZ] 2007 ls viukbZ xbZ Fkh\

gS] fd`Urq 765·84 d`jksÈM :i, ds` lEHkfor ?kVs d`ks 'kkfe¥ d`jrs gq, o"kZUr eÍ ?kVk 820·25 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur fd`;k x;k gS\ 2008-09 eÍ 18285·80 d`jksÈM :i, ds` dq`¥ O;; eÍ 10154·51 d`jksÈM :i, vk;kstuk O;; o 'ks" 8131·29 d`jksÈM :i, vk;kstusrj O;; gS o"Z 2007-08 ds` f¥, la'kksf|r vkd`¥u d`h rq¥uk eÍ 2008-09 eÍ dq`¥ O;; ¥xHx 10 ^fr'kr vf|d` gS \ vk;kstuk O;; dq`¥ izLrkfor O;; d`k 56 izfr'kr cSBrk gS] tks vc rd` d`k lokZf|d` gS\ vk;kstusrj O;; dq`¥ O;; d`k 44 izfr'kr gS\ izLrkfor dq`¥ O;; eÍ 3903·46 d`jksÈM :i, iw∑thxr O;; gS ] tks iwoZ o"Z ·la'kksf|r vuqeku‚ d`h rq¥uk eÍ 10 ^fr'kr vf|d` gS\ izLrkfor iw∑thxr O;; jkT; ?js¥w mRikn d`k 6·1 ^fr'kr o dq`¥ O;; d`k 21 izfr'kr vuqekfur gS \ 2008-09 e Í vuqekfur jktLo izkfIr;k∑ 15656·16 d`jksÈM :i, iwoZ o"Z d`h rq¥uk eÍ 9 ^fr'kr vf|d` gS\ ctV eÍ jktLo vkf|D; 1777·54 d`jksÈM :i, d`k vkd`f¥r gS] tcfd` jktd`ks"h; ?kVk 1911·67 d`jksÈM :i, ·jkT; ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn d`k 3 ^fr'kr‚ vuqekfur fd`;k x;k gS\

●

●

fo®h; o"Z 2008-09 ds` f¥, N®hlxÈ< ljd`kj d`k ctV jkT; ds` eq“;ea(h jeu ¯lg] tks fo® ea(k¥; d`k d`k;ZHkj ● Hh l∑Hk¥s gq, gß] us fo|ku lHk eÍ xr 23 √jojh d`ks izLrqr ● fd`;k\ ctV eÍ 2008-09 eÍ ljd`kj d`h vuq e kfur izkfIr;k∑ 18231·39 d`jksÈM ● :i, dq`¥ O;; 18285·80 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur fd`;k x;k gS ftleÍ 54·41 d`jksÈM :i, d`k ?kVk 2008-09 eÍ vuqekfur

2008-09 eÍ

dq`¥ O;; d`k 43 izfr'kr lkekftd` ”s( gsrq ftleÍ 4 ^fr'kr izko|ku [k»kUu lqj”k gsrq] 12 izfr'kr f'k”k gsrq] 4 izfr'kr LokLF; gsrq] 7 izfr'kr vuqlwfpr tkfr/ tutkfr fod`kl gsrq] 2 izfr'kr efg¥k ,oa ck¥ fod`kl gsrq rƒk 3 izfr'kr is;t¥ gsrq\ vkfƒZd` ”s( ds` f¥, dq`¥ O;; ds` 41 izfr'kr O;; d`k izko|ku ftleÍ Î`f" rƒk Î`f" ls lEcfU|r ”s( gsrq 4 izfr'kr] ¥ksd` fuekZ. d`k;ksÛ gsrq 12 izfr'kr] ¯lpkbZ gsrq 5 ^fr'kr rƒk xzkeh. fod`kl gsrq 7 izfr'kr O;; d`k izko|ku\ 2008-09 eÍ jktLo vkf|D; 1777·54 d`jksÈM :i,] jktd`ks"h; ?kVk 1911·67 d`jksÈM :i, ·jkT; ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn d`k 3 ^fr'kr‚ jk;xÈ< eÍ u, fpfd`Rlk egkfo»k¥; d`h Lƒkiuk gsrq 18·15 d`jksÈM :i, d`k izko|ku\ vk;qosZfnd` fpfd`Rlk ds` foLrkj gsrq 25 xk∑okÍ eÍ ^k;ksfxd` rkSj ij ‘vk;qosZn xzke ;kstuk’ ¥kxw d`jus d`h ;kstuk\ ijEijkxr Ôi ls peZf'kYi O;olk; ls tqÈMs ¥ksxkÍ ds` f¥, ‘jfonkl peZ f'kYi ;kstuk\’ æs" i~ÆB 1590 ij

¥[u˜ ”s(h; xzkeh. cßd` eÍ vf|d`kfj;kÍ rƒk f¥fid`h; laoxZ d`h fjfDr;k∑

·[‚ vƒok d`e-ls-d`e 55 ^frær vad`kÍ ds` lkƒ Lukrd`ks®j ;k led`”] vƒok ·x‚ pkVZ M Z / d`kW L V ,d`kma V Í V /d`Eiuh ls ∂ s ` Vjh ·Lukrd` mikf| ds` lkƒ‚ vƒok ·?‚ iksLV xzstq,V fMI¥ksek bu eSusteÍV ·fofHUu eke¥kÍ eÍ æS”f.d` ;ksX;rk eÍ NwV‚\ vk;q lhek%1 tuojh] 2008 d`ks 21–30 o"Z\ fofHUu eke¥kÍ eÍ vk;q lhek eÍ fu;ekuqlkj NwV mi¥C| gS\ bl HrhZ gsrq vkosnu ds` f¥, v˙;fƒZ;kÍ d`ks 17 ekpZ] 2008 rd` vkWu ¥kbu iathd`j. d`jkuk gksxk\ flLVe tujsVsM fizaVsM vkosnu Lohd`kj fd`, tkus d`h vfUre frfƒ 24 ekpZ] 2008 gS\ HrhZ ds` f¥, ¥h tkus ok¥h ijh{kk eÍ oLrqfuÆB o o.ZukRed` nksukÍ gh fd`Le ds` iz'u-i( gkÍxs\ oLrqfuÆB ijh{kk eÍ rdZ`æfDr] la“;kRed` vfH;ksX;rk] lkekU; tkxÔd`rk o vaxzsth Hk"k d`h ijh{kk gksxh\ o.ZukRed` ijh{kk eÍ fgUnh vƒok vaxzsth Hk"k eÍ m®j fn, tk ldÍ`xs\ ijh{kk d`h lEHkfor frfƒ 25 ebZ] 2008 gS\ bl HrhZ ds` lEcU| eÍ vkosnu-i( ds` izkÔi o vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh ds` f¥, 23–29 œ`jojh] 2008 d`k jkstxkj lekpkj rƒk cßd` d`h osclkbV ns[Í\ mi;qZDr ijh{kk ds` f¥, mid`kj izd`kæu }kjk izd`kfær cßd` ih\ vks\ ijh{kk ls lEcfU|r iqLrd`kÍ d`k v÷;;u d`jÍ\

ch,l,u,¥ eÍ xzstq,V bathfu;j twfu;j Vs¥hd`kWe vkWfœ`llZ (JTOs) d`h HrhZ

Hkjr lapkj fuxe f¥\ (BSNL) eÍ xzstq,V bathfu;j twfu;j Vs¥hd`kWe vkWfœ`llZ (JTOs) ds` dq`¥ fe¥kd`j 3591 inkÍ ij fu;qfDr gsrq lq;ksX; mEehnokjkÍ ls fu|kZfjr ^kÔi ij vkosnu-i( fuxe }kjk 23 ekpZ] 2008 rd` vkeaf(r fd`, x, gß\ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` mEehnokjkÍ ds` f¥, fu;ekuqlkj vkj”. d`k ^ko|ku bl HrhZ ds` rgrΩ mi¥C| gS\ fjfDr;kÍ d`h la“;k ?V-cÈ< ld`rh gS\ æS”f.d` ;ksX;rk%foKkiu eÍ fufnZÆV fo";kÍ eÍ bathfu;¯jx mikf| ;k led`”\ vk;q lhek · 2 3 ekpZ] 2008 d`ks‚% vf|d`re 30 o"Z\ ·fofHUu eke¥kÍ eÍ vk;q lhek eÍ fu;ekuqlkj NwV mi¥C| gS\‚ bl HrhZ ds` f¥, vk;ksftr d`h tkus ok¥h vf[¥ Hkjrh; Lrj d`h ^fr;ksfxrk ijh”k eÍ oLrqfuÆB iz'ukÍ ok¥s rhu ?≥Vs d`h vof| ds` ^'u-i( eÍ ig¥s nks [≥MkÍ eÍ bathfu;¯jx ds` o rhljs [≥M eÍ lkekU; ;ksX;rk ds` iz'u gkÍxs\ ;g ijh”k 15 twu] 2008 d`ks lEiUu gksxh\ bl HrhZ ds` lEcU| eÍ vkosnu-i( ds` ^kÔi o vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh gsrq 1–7 ekpZ] 2008 d`k jkstxkj lekpkj ns[Í\ mi;qZDr ijh”k ds` f¥, mid`kj ^d`kæu js¥os eÍ fofHUu fu;qfDr;k∑ }kjk izd`kfær BSNL Junior Telecom Officers Exam. iqLrd` d`k v÷;;u ¥kHd`kjh js¥os eÍ lhfu;j D¥dZ` ds` 46, d`kWefæZ;¥ gksxk\ D¥dZ` ds` 18, twfu;j D¥dZ` ds` 150 o Hkjrh; ou lsok ijh”k-2008 lgk;d` ¥ksd`ks ik;¥V ·fo»qrΩ‚ ds` 337 inkÍ ij HrhZ ds` f¥, js¥os HrhZ cksMZ b¥kgkckn Hkjrh; ou lsokvkÍ eÍ izosæ ds` f¥, o"Z }kjk rƒk fVd`V d`¥sDVj ds` 103, V_sUl D¥dZ` ds` 17 o twfu;j D¥dZ` ds` 40+2 inkÍ ij HrhZ 2008 d`h Hkjrh; ou lsok (IFS) ijh{kk d`k ds` f¥, js¥os HrhZ cksMZ xksj[iqj }kjk bPNqd` vk;kstu la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx }kjk pquÓnk ,oa ik( v˙;fƒZ;kÍ ls fu|kZfjr izkÔi ij 1 ds`UnzkÍ ij 12 tq¥kbZ] 2008 ls fd`;k tk,xk\ v^S¥] 2008 rd` vkosnu-i( vkeaf(r fd`, d~`f"] okfud`h vƒok bathfu;fjax eÍ Lukrd` d`h mikf| izkIr v˙;ƒhZ vƒok iæqik¥u ,oa x, gß\ iæq fpfd`Rlk] ouLifr foKku] jlk;u foKku] cßd` vkWœ` egkjkÆV_ eÍ ^kscsæujh mi¥C| fjfDr;kÍ eÍ ls dq`N fjfDr;k∑ HwfoKku] xf.r] HkSfrd` foKku] lkaf“;d`h fofHUu oxksÛ ds` f¥, fu;ekuqlkj vkjf”r gß\ vkSj izkf. foKku fo";kÍ eÍ ls fd`lh ,d` fo"; vf|d`kfj;kÍ d`h fjfDr;k∑ bu inkÍ ds` f¥, v˙;fƒZ;kÍ d`k p;u f¥f[r ds` lkƒ Lukrd` d`h mikf| izkIr v˙;ƒhZ bl lkoZtfud` {ks( ds` cßd` vkWœ` egkjkÆV_ eÍ ijh”k ds` vk|kj ij gksxk\ bu HfrZ;kÍ ds` izfr;ksfxrk ijh{kk eÍ ækfe¥ gksus ds` ik( gß\ izkscsæujh vf|d`kfj;kÍ ds` dq`¥ 260 inkÍ ij lEcU| eÍ vko';d` æS”f.d` o rd`uhd`h vk;q lhek%1 tq¥kbZ] 2008 d`ks 21–30 HrhZ ds` f¥, ik( mEehnokjkÍ ls vkosnu-i( ;ksX;rk] vk;q lhek o vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh o"Z ·fofHUu eke¥kÍ eÍ vk;q lhek eÍ fu;ekvkefU(r fd`, x, gß\ mi¥C| fjfDr;kÍ eÍ ls ds` f¥, 23 œ`jojh] 2008 d`k VkbEl vkWœ` uqlkj NwV mi¥C| gS‚\ dq`N fjfDr;k∑ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` v˙;fƒZ;kÍ ds` bf≥M;k ns[Í\ bl izfr;ksfxrk ijh{kk ds` rgrΩ vk;ksftr f¥, fu;ekuqlkj vkjf{kr gß\ fjfDr;kÍ d`h mi;qZDr ijh”k ds` f¥, mid`kj izd`kæu d`h tkus ok¥h f¥f[r ijh{kk eÍ dq`¥ fe¥kd`j la“;k ?V-cÈ< ld`rh gS\ }kjk izd`kfær js¥os HrhZ cksMZ ijh”k d`h 6 iz'u-i( ijEijkxr fd`Le ds` gkÍxs\ bueÍ æSf{kd` ;ksX;rk%·d`‚ d`e-ls-d`e 60 fofHUu inkÍ ls lEcfU|r iqLrd`kÍ d`k v÷;;u 300-300 vad`kÍ ds` ig¥s nks iz'u-i( dz`eæ# lkekU; vaxzsth o lkekU; Kku ds` gkÍxs] tcfd` izfrær vad`kÍ ds` lkƒ Lukrd` vƒok led`{k ¥kHd`kjh gksxk\

¥[u˜ ”s(h; xzkeh. cßd` Lds`¥-I vf|d`kfj;kÍ ds` 64 rƒk f¥fid`h; laoxZ ds` 25 inkÍ ij HrhZ ds` f¥, ik( mEehnokjkÍ ls fu|kZfjr izkÔi ij 31 ekpZ ] 2008 rd` vkosnu-i( vkefU(r fd`, x, gß\ mi¥C| fjfDr;kÍ eÍ ls dq`N fjfDr;k∑ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` f¥, fu;ekuqlkj vkjf{kr gß\ æSf{kd` ;ksX;rk%Lukrd` vƒok led`{k mikf|\ f¥fid` in gsrq d`e-ls-d`e 50 izfrær vad`kÍ ds` lkƒ 10 + 2/gk;j lsd`≥Mjh/ cßfda`x fMI¥ksek vƒok d`e-ls-d`e 60 izfrær vad`kÍ ds` lkƒ eSfV_d` ;k led`{k m®h.Z Hh vkosnu ds` ik( gß\ Lƒkuh; Hk"k ·fgUnh‚ eÍ n{krk o vaxzsth d`k Kku Hh gksuk pkfg,\ d`EI;wVj d`h ;ksX;rk ok¥s v˙;fƒZ;kÍ d`ks ojh;rk nh tk,xh\ vk;q lhek%31 fnlEcj] 2007 d`ks 21– 30 o"Z ·vf|d`kfj;kÍ ds` f¥,‚ rƒk 18–26 o"Z ·f¥fid`h; laoxZ ds` f¥,‚\ fofHUu eke¥kÍ eÍ vk;q lhek eÍ fu;ekuqlkj NwV mi¥C| gS\ vf|d`kjh ds` in gsrq HrhZ ds` f¥, ¥h tkus ok¥h oLrqfuÆB ijh{kk eÍ rdZ`æfDr] la“;kRed` vfH:fp] lkekU; tkud`kjh o vaxzsth Hk"k d`h ijh{kk gksxh\ o.ZukRed` ijh{kk eÍ fgUnh rƒk vaxzsth Hk"k eÍ m®j fn, tk ldÍ`xs\ ;g ijh{kk 25 ebZ] 2008 d`ks lEiUu gksxh\ f¥fid`h; in gsrq f¥f[r ijh{kk gksxh\ oLrqfuÆB fd`Le d`h bl ijh{kk eÍ rdZ` foospu {kerk] la“;kRed` {kerk] lkekU; vaxzsth o f¥fid`h; d`kSæ¥ d`h ijh{kk gksxh\ bl HrhZ ds` lEcU| eÍ vkosnu-i( ds` izkÔi o vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh ds` f¥, 23– 29 œ`jojh] 2008 d`k jkstxkj lekpkj ns[Í\ mi;qZDr ijh{kk ds` f¥, mid`kj izd`kæu }kjk izd`kfær xzkeh. cßd` f¥fid`/dS`fæ;j HrhZ ijh{kk o xzkeh. cßd` vf|d`kjh laoxZ HrhZ ijh{kk iqLrd`kÍ d`k v÷;;u ¥kHd`kjh gksxk\

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1589

v˙;ƒhZ }kjk pqus x, fo";kÍ eÍ izR;sd` eÍ nks-nks iz'u-i( 200-200 vad`kÍ ds` gkÍxs\ lHh iz'u-i( ds`o¥ vaxzsth ek÷;e eÍ gh gkÍxs rƒk buds` m®j Hh vaxzsth eÍ gh nsus gkÍxs\ bl ijh{kk ds` lEcU| eÍ vkosnu-i( d`h mi¥fC| ,oa vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh gsrq 9–15 œ`jojh] 2008 d`k jkstxkj lekpkj ns[Í\ v˙;fƒZ;kÍ ds` iw.ZÔi ls Hjs gq, vkosnu-i( vk;ksx ds` ubZ fnY¥h fLƒr d`k;kZ¥; eÍ 10 ekpZ] 2008 rd` Lohd`kj fd`, tk,axs\ nwjnjkt ds` pquÓnk fufnZÆV LƒkukÍ ds` Mkd` ls izsf"r vkosnu-i(kÍ ds` Lohd`kj fd`, tkus d`h vfUre frfƒ 17 ekpZ] 2008 gS\

js¥os eÍ lgk;d` ¥ksd`ks ik;¥V o lgk;d` LVsæu ekLVj d`h fu;qfDr;k∑

vkfn ds` vk|kj ij gksxk\ 50 vad`kÍ d`h f¥f[r æs" i~ÆB 1588 d`k ijh”k eÍ oLrqfuÆB izd`kj d`h lkekU; Kku d`h 25 vad`kÍ d`h rƒk fucU| ¥s[u] be¥k o xf.r d`h 25 vad`kÍ d`h o.ZukRed` fd`Le d`h ● fo|ok] ifjR;Drk ,oa cslgkjk efg¥kvkÍ ijh”k gksxh\ d`ks Lojkstxkj mi¥C| d`jkus gsrq bl HrhZ ds` lEcU| eÍ vkosnu-i( ds` vuqlwfpr tutkfr ckgqY; pkj ft¥kÍ izkÔi o vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh ds` f¥, ·chtkiqj] narsokÈMk] txn¥iqj o 28 œ`jojh] 2008 d`k ‘tul®k’ ·fnY¥h‚ ns[Í\ ukjk;.iqj‚ eÍ 'kfDr LoÔi ;kstuk\ mi;qZDr ijh”k ds` f¥, mid`kj izd`k'ku }kjk izd`kf'kr iqLrd` ‘mid`kj l'kL( lhek ● N®hlxÈ
>kj[≥M eÍ jktd`h;d~`r mPp fo»k¥;kÍ eÍ fæ”d`kÍ d`h 2315 fjfDr;k∑

>kj[≥M eÍ jktd`h;d~`r mPp fo»k¥;kÍ eÍ fæ”d` in ij lh|h fu;qfDr gsrq lq;ksX; mEehnokjkÍ ls fu|kZfjr izkÔi ij vkosnu-i( >kj[≥M ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx] jk∑ph }kjk 31 ekpZ] 2008 rd` vkeaf(r fd`, x, gß\ bl HrhZ ds` fofHUu fo";kÍ ds` mi¥C| fjDr inkÍ d`h dq`¥ la“;k 2315 gS\ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` mEehnokjkÍ ds` f¥, fu;ekuqlkj vkj”. d`k izko|ku bl HrhZ ds` rgrΩ mi¥C| gS\ fjfDr;kÍ d`h la“;k ?V-cÈ< ld`rh gS\ æS”f.d` ;ksX;rk%·d`‚ fæ”d` in ij fu;qfDr gsrq jkT; ljd`kj vƒok ds`Unz ljd`kj }kjk Lƒkfir fd`lh fo'ofo¸»k¥; ls d`¥k] foKku vƒok okf.T; eÍ f}rh; Js.h eÍ lEcfU|r fo"; eÍ U;wure 50 ^frær vad`kÍ ds` lkƒ Lukrd` fMxzh vfuok;Z vgZrk gS] fd`Urq vuqlwfpr tkfr/vuqlwfpr tutkfr ds` eke¥s eÍ U;wure izkIrkad` 45 izfrær gß\ ·[‚ jkÆV_h; v÷;kid` fæ”k ifj"nΩ ·,ulhVhbZ‚ ls ekU;rk izkIr laLƒku ls ch\ ,M\ d`h fMxzh vƒok ,ulhVhbZ ds` vfLrRo eÍ vkus d`h frfƒ 17-08-1995 ls iwoZ ds` eke¥kÍ eÍ lEcfU|r jkT; ljd`kj ls ekU;rk izkIr fofHUu jkT;kÍ ls lhek lqj”k fæ”d` izfæ”. laLƒku ls ch\ ,M\ vƒok led`”\ izkP; Hk"k fæ”d` o laxhr fæ”d` c¥ eÍ d`k∑LVsfc¥ ·thMh‚ gsrq U;wure ;ksX;rk gsrq foLr~r foKkiu ns[Í\ d`h HrhZ vk;q lhek ·1 tuojh] 2008 d`ks‚% lhek lqj”k c¥ eÍ d`k∑LVsfc¥ ·lkekU; 21–35 o"Z\ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` f¥, vk;q lhek eÍ MΩ;wVh‚ ds` nks gtkj ls vf|d` fjDr inkÍ d`h fu;ekuqlkj NwV mi¥C| gS\ HrhZ ds` f¥, bPNqd` ,oa ik( iq:" v˙;fƒZ;kÍ bl HrhZ ds` f¥, vk;ksftr d`h tkus ls fu|kZfjr izkÔi ij vkosnu-i( 15 ekpZ] ok¥h f¥f[r izfr;ksfxrk ijh”k eÍ 100 vad`kÍ 2008 rd` ·dq`N HrhZ ds`UnzkÍ ds` f¥, vkosnu d`k izƒe iz'u-i( lkekU; Kku] fgUnh rƒk d`h vafre frfƒ 30 ekpZ] 2008 gS‚ vkeaf(r vaxzsth d`k rƒk 300 vad`kÍ d`k f}rh; iz'u-i( fd`, x, gß\ mi¥C| fjfDr;kÍ eÍ ls dq`N lEcfU|r fo"; d`k gksxk\ fjfDr;k∑ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` v˙;fƒZ;kÍ ds` f¥, bl HrhZ ds` lEcU| eÍ vkosnu-i( ds` fu;ekuqlkj vkjf”r gß\ izkÔi o vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh gsrq 28 œ`jojh] 2008 d`k VkbEl vkWœ` bf≥M;k ns[Í\ 'kS”f.d` ;ksX;rk%eSfV_d` ;k led`”\ mi;qZDr ijh”k ds` f¥, mid`kj izd`kæu vk;q lhek%1 vxLr] 2008 d`ks 18–23 o"Z\ fofHUu eke¥kÍ eÍ vk;q lhek eÍ fu;ekuqlkj }kjk izd`kfær jktd`h;d~`r mPp fo»k¥; NwV mi¥C| gS\ fæ”d` HrhZ ijh”k ·izƒe iz'u-i(‚ iqLrd` bu inkÍ ij v˙;fƒZ;kÍ d`k p;u 'kkjhfjd` d`k v÷;;u ¥kHd`kjh gksxk\ ●●● n”rk ijh”k] f¥f[r ijh”k o lk”kRd`kj

nf{k. e÷; js¥os (SCR) o bZLV d`ksLV js¥os eÍ lgk;d` ¥ksd`ks ik;¥V ·Mht¥/ b¥sfDV_d`¥‚ ds` dq`¥ 624 (514 + 110) inkÍ ij HrhZ ds` f¥, js¥os HrhZ cksMZ] fld`Unjkckn }kjk 17 ekpZ] 2008 rd` rƒk i\ js¥os eÍ lgk;d` LVsæu ekLVj ds` 91 o n\ e÷; js¥os eÍ lgk;d` ¥ksd`ks ik;¥V ds` 118 inkÍ ij HrhZ ds` f¥, js¥os HrhZ cksMZ] eqEcbZ }kjk 10 ekpZ] 2008 rd` vkosnu-i( vkefU(r fd`, x, gß\ mi¥C| fjfDr;kÍ eÍ ls dq`N fjfDr;k∑ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` f¥, fu;ekuqlkj vkjf{kr gß\ bu inkÍ ds` f¥, v˙;fƒZ;kÍ d`k p;u f¥f[r ijh{kk ds` vk|kj ij gksxk\ bu HfrZ;kÍ ds` lEcU| eÍ vko';d` æS{kf.d` ;ksX;rk] vk;q lhek o vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh ds` f¥, 9–15 œ`jojh] 2008 rƒk 16–22 œ`jojh] 2008 ds` jkstxkj lekpkj ns[Í\ mi;qZDr ijh{kk ds` f¥, mid`kj izd`kæu }kjk izd`kfær js¥os HrhZ cksMZ ijh{kk d`h fofHUu inkÍ ls lEcfU|r iqLrd`kÍ d`k v÷;;u ¥kHd`kjh gksxk\

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1590

vius ctV Hk". eÍ ctV izLrqfr ls ,d` fnu iwoZ eq“;ea(h jeu ¯lg us crk;k fd` 2006-07 ds` nkSjku jkT; d`k ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn (GDP) pk¥w ewY;kÍ ij 59321 d`jksÈM :i, jgk gS\ fLƒj ewY;kÍ ·19992000 ds` ewY;kÍ ij‚ ;g 44429 d`jksÈM :i, jgk] tks iwoZ o"Z d`h rq¥uk eÍ 9·41 izfr'kr vf|d` gS\ lUnfHZr o"Z eÍ iwjs ns'k d`ks thMhih eÍ vkSlr o~f* 9·6 izfr'kr vkd`f¥r d`h xbZ gS\ bl izd`kj N®hlxÈ< eÍ thMhih o~f* jkÆV_h; vkSlr ds` fud`V gh jgh gS\ leh”k eÍ izLrqr vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` vuqlkj 2006-07 eÍ jkT; eÍ izkƒfed` ”s( ·Î`f" ds` lkƒ [uu okfud`h vkfn d`ks 'kkfe¥ d`jrs gq,‚ eÍ o~f* 6·32 izfr'kr ·vds`¥s Î`f" eÍ 4·29 izfr'kr‚ jgh gS] tcfd` fofuekZ. o lsokvkÍ ds` ”s( eÍ ;g dz`e'k# 8·06 izfr'kr o 10·93 izfr'kr jgh gS\ fLƒj ewY;kÍ ij 2006-07 eÍ jkT; eÍ izfr O;fDr vk; 22605 :i, vkd`f¥r d`h xbZ gS] tks iwoZ o"Z d`h 19557 :i, d`h rq¥uk eÍ 15·59 izfr'kr vf|d` gS\ lUnfHZr o"Z eÍ jkÆV_h; Lrj ij izfr O;fDr vk; 29642 :i, jgh gS\ 200708 eÍ jkT; eÍ thMhih eÍ 7·51 izfr'kr o~f* d`h lEHkouk leh”k eÍ O;Dr d`h xbZ gS] tcfd` izfr O;fDr vk; 25415 :`i, lEHkfor gS\ 2006-07 d`h rq¥uk eÍ ;g 12·43 izfr'kr vf|d` gksxh\ 10oÓ iapo"hZ; ;kstuk (2002-07) eÍ jkT; eÍ vkSlr o~f* nj d`k ¥{; 6·10 izfr'kr d`k ƒk] tcfd` 8·68 izfr'kr d`h okf"Zd` o~f* bl ;kstuk ds` nkSjku izkIr d`h xbZ gS\ Î`f" ”s( eÍ 3 izfr'kr izfro"Z d`h o~f* nj ds` foijhr 6·26 izfr'kr o~f* jkT; eÍ izkIr d`h xbZ gS\ m»ksxkÍ eÍ ^kIr d`h xbZ lk¥kuk o~f* 14·7 izfr'kr ·¥{; 7·5 izfr'kr‚ rƒk lsok ”s( eÍ ;g 7·78 izfr'kr ·¥{; 7·5 izfr'kr‚ jgh gS\ ●●●

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vuqizsjd` ;qok izfrHk ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯

bZ'oj d`h d~`ik] ifjokj d`k lg;ksx ,oa izksRlkgu] d`fBu ifjJe] n~È< fu'p;] ld`kjkRed` lksp] lgh fnæk eÍ mfpr j.uhfr gh esjh lœ`¥rk ds` ew¥ rRo gß\ —dq`\ fefu"k >k

VkWij] e÷; iznsæ ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ijh{kk-2003 ·jßd` 5oÓ‚ e÷; iznsæ ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx d`h izfrfÆBr ijh{kk eÍ izƒe iz;kl eÍ gh ik∑poÍ tSls mPp Lƒku ij p;fur gksd`j dq`\ fefu"k >k us ,d` vR;Ur xkSjoiw.Z mi¥fC| vftZr d`h gS] ftlds` f¥, og lHh izæalk ,oa gekjh gkfnZd` c|kbZ d`h ik( gß\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ. ds` lkƒ mud`h egRoiw.Z HÍVokrkZ ;gk∑ ew¥ Ôi eÍ izLrqr gS\ ^\ n\%‘^fr;ksfxrk niZ.’ d`h vksj ls vkid`h ækunkj l√¥rk ds` f¥, gkfnZd` c|kbZ\ dq`\ fefu"k%|U;okn\ iz\ n\%geus vius ikBd` izR;kfæ;kÍ d`h nh?Zd`k¥hu ek∑x rƒk muds` foæs" vkxzg ds` n~fÆVxr izfr;ksfxrk niZ. d`k vaxszth vad` (P. D. English Edition) 1 twu] 2006 ls izkjEH fd`;k gS\ vc vkius bfPNr lœ`¥rk Hh izkIr d`j ¥h gS\ d~`i;k crk,a% (1) ;fn flfo¥ lsok d`h rS;kjh eÍ vkid`ks vaxzsth d`h izfr;ksfxrk niZ. mi¥C| gks xbZ gksrh] rks blls D;k vUrj iÈM ld`rk ƒk= dq`\ fefu"k%orZeku le; eÍ tc izfr;ksxh ijh{kkvkÍ d`k Lrj fnu-izfrfnu vkSj vf|d` JsÆBrj rƒk d`fBu gksrk tk jgk gS] rc izfr;ksfxrk niZ. d`k vaxzsth vad`] vaxzsth ek÷;e ls ijh{kk nsus ok¥kÍ ds` f¥, vR;q®e gS\ bl if(d`k ds` izkjEH gksus ls eq>s lk{kkRd`kj d`h rS;kjh eÍ cgqr lgk;rk fe¥h\ (2) P. D. English eÍ vki vkSj D;kD;k foæs"rk,a ns[uk pkgÍxh= dq`\ fefu"k%lelkef;d` ?VukvkÍ foæs"d`j rF;kÍ vkSj vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ij vk|kfjr ¥s[] fofHUu ,sfPNd` fo";kÍ ls lEcfU|r vo|kj.kRed` Comprehensive ¥s[ rƒk izfr;ksxh ijh{kkvkÍ d`h rS;kjh lEcfU|r j.uhfr] lVhd` o lkjxfHZr ekWM¥ m®j tSlh foæs"rk,a ns[uk pkgw∑xh\ ^\ n\%ijh”kœ`¥ vkus ls iwoZ VkWilZ ds` ckjs eÍ vkids` D;k fopkj ƒs= D;k vki viuh lœ`¥rk ds` ^fr vk'oLr ƒÓ= dq`\ fefu"k%esjk ekuuk gS fd` VkWilZ d`ksbZ Hh d`k;Z d`ks fd`lh Hh vU; O;fDr d`h rjg gh d`jrs gß] ij d`k;Z d`jus eÍ tks izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1591

okf.T; efg¥k egkfo»k¥; eÍ lgk;d` izk÷;kid` Hwxks¥ ds` in ij d`k;Z fd`;k gS\ ^\ n\%vkius fd`rus ^;klkÍ eÍ ;g lœ`¥rk vftZr d`h gS\ vkius lfoZlst ds` f¥, D;k ^kƒfed`rk,a nÓ= dq`\ fefu"k%;g esjk izƒe iz;kl ƒk\ e\ iz\ jkT; lsok ijh{kk 2003 eÍ eßus ‘mift¥k÷;{k’ in d`ks loksZPp ojh;rk nh ƒh\

O;fâ` ifjp; …… xq.o®k d`h n~fÆV ls izfr;ksfxrk niZ. loksZRd~`ÆV if(d`k gS\ izkekf.d`rk] æq*rk] cks|xE; æS¥h] v»ru vkSj iqÆV vk∑d`ÈMs bld`h foæs"rk,a gß\

uke%`Èdq`\ fefu"k >k firk d`k uke%Jh lqjsæ dq`ekj >k ekrk d`k uke%Jherh clUrh >k vk;q%29 o"Z

j.uhfr d`k mi;ksx d`jrs gß] og mUgÍ æSf”d` ;ksX;rk% gkbZLdw`¥%lÍV tkslœ` d`kWUosUV gk\ ls\ nwljkÍ ls JsÆB cukus eÍ egRoiw.Z Hwfed`k ·v\ ek\‚ jka>h] tc¥iqj ·e\ iz\‚ 68·76% fuHkrh gß\ gk;j lsd`≥Mjh%lsV tkslœ` d`kWUosUV th gk∑] eß viuh lœ`¥rk ds` izfr gk\ ls\ ·v\ ek\‚ jka>h] tc¥iqj ·e\ iz\‚ vk'oLr ƒh\ ^\ n\%vki viuh lœ`¥rk d`k Js; 75% ch\ ,\%ækld`h; ekudqa`oj ckbZ d`¥k fd`ls nsuk pkgÍxh= ,oa okf.T; efg¥k egkfo»k¥;] tc¥iqj dq`\ fefu"k%eß viuh lœ`¥rk d`k ·e\ iz\‚ 77·83% Js; bZ'oj d`h d~`ik] esjs ekrk-firk d`h ,\ ·Hwxks¥‚%ækld`h; ekudqa`oj izsj.k ,oa vkæhokZn] esjs HkbZ o cgu ,oa ckbZ ,e\ d`¥k ,oa okf.T; efg¥k egkfo»k¥;] muds` ifjokj ds` lnL;kÍ d`k lg;ksx] tc¥iqj ·e\ iz\‚ 86% xq:tukÍ d`h izsj.k o mud`h fæ{kk ,oa vius iwoZ p;u%;w\ th\ lh\ usV\ ·uxjh; fe(kÍ ds` lkƒ d`ks nsrh gw∑\ ,oa izknsfæd` Hwxks¥‚ m®h.Z\ ^\ n\%D;k flfo¥ lfoZlst gh vU; mi¥fC|;k∑% vkid`k ,d`ek( ¥{; ƒk vƒok lkƒ–lkƒ 1. Lukrd` eÍ egkfo»k¥; eÍ izƒe vU; dS`fj;j fod`YikÍ d`h Hh rS;kjh d`j Lƒku izkIr d`jus ij rhu Lo.Z ind`\ jgh ƒÓ= 2. Lukrd`ks®j eÍ egkfo»k¥; eÍ izƒe dq`\ fefu"k%flfo¥ lfoZlst gh esjk Lƒku izkIr d`jus ij ik∑p Lo.Z ind`\ ,d`ek( ¥{; ƒk\ eßus ;w\th\lh\ }kjk 3. egkfo»k¥; Lrj ij Nk( la? vk;ksftr usV ijh{kk m®h.Z d`j ¥sDpjfæi mik÷;{k o v÷;{k in ij euksuhr\ d`h ik(rk ‘uxjh; o izknsfæd` fu;kstu’ eÍ izkIr d`j ¥h ƒh] tks eq>s ,d` oSd`fYid` ^\ n\%orZeku eÍ vusd` vPNh lsokvkÍ dS`fj;j d`ks pquus eÍ ennxkj jgh\ eßus (IT., Telecom, Banking & Insurance/ ækld`h; Loæklh ekudqa`oj ckbZ d`¥k ,oa Media/Entertainment) vkfn eÍ vkd`"Zd`

dS`fj;j mi¥C| gksus rƒk flfo¥ lfoZlst dq`\ fefu"k%izkjfEHd` ijh{kk ds` f¥, eÍ cÈ jgk gS rƒk csgrj tkud`kjh bl viuk iznæZu lq|kj ld`rs gß] lkƒ gh fo"; ds` pquko d`k izeq[ d`kj. jgk\ ^\ n\%vkius lk”kRd`kj ds` f¥, dS`ls ruko d`ks fu;fU(r d`jds` izfr;ksxh (Competitive) cus jg ld`rs gß\ blds` f¥, eßus rS;kjh d`h= vkid`k lk”kRd`kj d`c ƒk ,d` ds`¥≥Mj rS;kj d`j izR;sd` fo"; ds` rƒk vkils D;k–D;k ^'u iwNs x,= dq`\ fefu"k%lk{kkRd`kj ds` f¥, eßus f¥, le; fu|kZfjr fd`;k] ftlls lHh fo";kÍ d`k fjohtu fu;fer Ôi ls gks\ jkÆV_h; ,oa vUrjkZÆV_h; ?Vukdz`e d`ks m®j f¥[us eÍ le; izcU|u esjs f¥, lekpkj-i(kÍ o if(d`kvkÍ d`ks iÈ
dq`\ fefu"k%eßus ijh{kk d`h rS;kjh eÍ fd`lh Lrj ij d`ksfpax laLƒku eÍ izosæ ugÓ f¥;k\ esjk ekuuk gS fd` mRd~`ÆV o ekud` d`ksfpax laLƒku rS;kjh d`ks lgh fnæk eÍ funsZfær d`jrs gß] iBuh; lkexzh mi¥C| d`jkrs gß rƒk j.uhfr d`ks izHkoh cukrs gß] ijUrq lœ`¥rk O;fDrxr le> vkSj rS;kjh d`h ;kstuk ij fuHZj d`jrh gS\ ^\ n\%flfo¥ lfoZl tSlh ijh”k d`h rS;kjh eÍ ^fr;ksxh if(d`kvkÍ ds` ;ksxnku ds` ckjs eÍ vkids` D;k fopkj gß= dq`\ fefu"k%vPNh if(d`k,a ijh{kkfƒZ;kÍ d`ks rF;kÍ o lwpukvkÍ d`ks laf{kIr Ôi eÍ mi¥C| d`jkus ds` lkƒ-lkƒ mueÍ ld`kjkRed` lksp Hh mRiUu d`jrh gß\ ^\ n\%vki mu if(d`kvkÍ] lekpkj– i(kÍ rƒk iqLrd`kÍ ds` uke crk,a] ftUgÍ vkius/rS;kjh eÍ iÈ
O;fâ`xr foæs"rk,a :`fp;k∑%

iÍfVax] ikd`d`¥k ,oa vU; gLrd`¥k,a vknæZ O;fâ`% esjs ekrk-firk lc¥ i”% ifjJeh vkSj ˜tZLoh] ld`kjkRed` lksp] n~È< fu'p;h] Exemplary communicative skills.

nqcZ¥ i”%

Hkoqd`rk

^\ n\%ekud` if(d`k d`h n~fÆV ls ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. if(d`k vkid`ks dS`lh ¥xh= blds` fu;fer vad`] vfrfjâ`kad` rƒk bZ;jcqd` ds` fo"; eÍ Î`i;k v¥x fopkj ^Lrqr d`jÍ\ æs" i~ÆB 1599 ij

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯

vuqizsjd` ;qok izfrHk ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯

›È< lad`Yi] Lo;a d`k lgh vkd`¥u] fujUrj fu;fer v÷;;u ,oa bZ'oj eÍ vlhe fo'okl esjh l√¥rk ds` ew¥ rRo gß\ —ehuk nsmik

VkWij] m®jkap¥ U;kf;d` lsok ijh”k] 2006 ·fgUnh ek÷;e ls‚ ·jßd`-22ok∑‚ m®jkap¥ efg¥k oxZ-5ok∑ m®jkap¥ U;kf;d` lsok ijh”k eÍ izƒe ^;kl eÍ gh mPpdz`e eÍ p;fur gksd`j lqJh ehuk nsmik us fu'p; gh ,d` xkSjoiw.Z mi¥fC| vftZr d`h gS] ftlds` f¥, og lHh iz'kalk ,oa gekjh gkfnZd` c|kbZ d`h ik( gß\ ‘izfr;ksfxrk niZ. ds` lkƒ mud`h egRoiw.Z HÍVokrkZ ;gk∑ ew¥Ôi eÍ izLrqr gS\ ^\ n\%lk”kRd`kj eÍ iwNs x, iz'ukÍ ^\ n\%loZizƒe vkid`ks bl l√¥rk d`ks dz `eokj mnΩ|~r d`hft,\ ds` f¥, 'kqHd`keuk,a\ lqJh ehuk% lqJh ehuk%th] |U;okn\ ^\ n\%bl ifj.ke d`ks tkuus ls iwoZ lk”kRd`kj eÍ iwNs x, iz'u vki VkWilZ ds` ckjs eÍ D;k lksprh ƒÓ = ● vius ft¥s d`h lhek,∑ crkb, rƒk D;k vki bl l√¥rk ds` izfr vk'kkoku mlls lEcfU|r vU; iz'u\ ƒÓ vkSj l√¥rk ds` lekpkj ij vkid`h ● vijk| ftud`h rS;kjh n≥Muh; gS\ D;k izfrfdz`;k jgh = ● I. P. C. d`h |kjk 309 ls lEcfU|r lqJh ehuk%eq>s ¥xrk ƒk fd` VkWilZ iz'u fof'kÆV rƒk HkX; ds` |uh gksrs gß\ eß bl ● vuqPNsn 21A D;k gS vkSj ;g fd`l ijh”k eÍ l√¥rk gsrq vk'kkoku ƒh\ bl …………^fr;ksfxrk niZ. ,d` mPpLrjh; lafo|ku la'kks|u ds` }kjk tksÈMk x;k = lekpkj d`ks lqud`j bruh vf|d` [q'kh ,oa ekud` if(d`k gS\ blds` vfrfjDrkad` ● C. P. C. d`h |kjk 151 ls lEcfU|r gqbZ fd` mls 'kCnkÍ eÍ vfHO;Dr d`juk fuf'pr rkSj ij ‘xkxj eÍ lkxj’ ds` leku iz'u eqf'd`¥ gS\ og i¥ esjs f¥, vfoLej.h; gß\ bruh vf|d` ijh”ksi;ksxh lkexzh ,d` ● nku D;k gS = blds` vko';d` rRo\ gS\ gh Lƒku ij lax~ghr d`juk okd`bZ vnΩHqr ● ¥ksd` mirki ls lEcfU|r iz'u ^\ n\%viuh l√¥rk d`k Js; gS\ ● nq?ZVuk Lo;a cks¥rh gS] le>kb,\ fd`ld`ks nsuk pkgÍxh = flfo¥ tt ·tw\ fM\‚ d`ks 'kfDr;k∑ d`h iqLrdÍ` ¥kHnk;d` jgÓ\ blds` vfrfjDr ● ,d` fd`l ,DV ds` ek÷;e ls fe¥rh gß = lqJh ehuk%vius ekrk-firk o HkbZ- eq>s izfr;ksfxrk niZ. ,oa blds` vfr● ,d` U;k;k|hæ eÍ D;k-D;k xq. gksus cgukÍ d`ks viuh l√¥rk d`k Js; nsuk fjDrkad`kÍ ls vR;f|d` ¥kH gqvk\ eß bl vko';d` gß = pkgw∑xh\ ftUgkÍus esjs thou ds` la?"Ze; nkSj if(d`k d`h fu;fer ikfBd`k jgh gw∑\ eÍ lnSo esjk mRlkgo|Zu fd`;k rƒk eq> ^\ n\%D;k vkius bl ijh”k gsrq O;fâ` ifjp; ij viuk fo'okl cuk, j[k\ d`ksbZ d`ks¯px ¥h = ;fn gk∑] rks d`kSu lh = uke%ehuk nsmik ^\ n\%vkid`h l√¥rk d`k ew¥ea( lqJh ehuk%ugÓ] eßus bl ijh”k gsrq D;k gS = d`ksbZ d`ks¯px ugÓ ¥h\ eßus Lo;a vius Lrj firk d`k uke%Jh eku¯lg nsmik lqJh ehuk%›È< lad`Yi] Lo;a d`k ls bl ijh”k d`h rS;kjh d`h\ ekrk d`k uke%Jherh iqÆik nsmik lgh vkd`¥u] fujUrj fu;fer v÷;;u ^\ n\%vkius lk”kRd`kj ds` f¥, vk;q ¥xHx%25 o"Z ,oa bZ'oj eÍ vlhe fo'okl\ æSf”d` ;ksX;rk% rS;kjh dS`ls d`h = ^\ n\%bl l√¥rk d`ks vftZr d`jus gkbZLdw`¥%;w\ ih\ cksMZ 1996 lqJh ehuk%,d` vksj eß mu U;kf;d` ds` f¥, vkid`ks fd`rus iz;kl d`jus iÈMs = vf|d`kfj;kÍ ls fe¥h] tks bl ijh”k d`ks b≥VjehfM,V%;w\ ih\ cksMZ 1998 lqJh ehuk%;g esjk izƒe iz;kl ƒk\ iwoZ eÍ m®h.Z d`j pqds` ƒs\ muls eßus ch\,l-lh\%jktd`h; Lukrd`ks®j ^\ n\%vkius ijh”k d`h rS;kjh eÍ ekxZn'kZu izkIr fd`;k\ nwljh rj√ pw∑fd` (2001) egkfo»k¥;] fiƒkSjkxÈ<\ vusd` iqLrd`kÍ o if(d`kvkÍ d`k mi;ksx lk”kRd`kj eÍ vkRefo'okl ,d` egRoiw.Z ,¥-,¥\ ch\%¥[u˜ fo'ofo»k¥;] fd`;k gksxk\ mleÍ ls lokZf|d` lgk;rk gfƒ;kj gS\ vr# eßus Lo;a ij ;g fo'okl ¥[u˜ 2004 cuk, j[k fd` fuf'pr rkSj ij lk”kRd`kj vU; mi¥fC|;k∑ fd`lls fe¥h = lqJh ehuk%bl ijh”k d`h rS;kjh ds` eÍ eq>s d`ksbZ d`fBukbZ ugÓ gksxh\ vƒkZrΩ eßus 1999-2000 eÍ Lukrd`ks®j egkfo»k¥;] f¥, eßus cs;j ,DV d`k xgu v÷;;u ld`kjkRed` jgus d`h d`ksf'k'k d`h\ fiƒkSjkxÈ< eÍ Nk(la? mik÷;” ds` in ij ^\ n\%vkid`k lk”kRd`kj d`c vkSj fuokZfpr\ fd`;k rƒk cs;j ,DV ls fof|d` fLƒfr LiÆV d`jus ds` ckn iqLrd`kÍ d`ks iÈ
lqJh ehuk%Hk"k vf|d` egRoiw.Z O;fâ`xr foæs"rk,a ugÓ gS] cfYd` egRoiw.Z gS vfHO;fDr] Hk"k ogh ¥h tkuh pkfg, ftleÍ v˙;ƒhZ lgtrk :`fp;k∑ % fnokLoIu ns[uk] d`fork,a eglwl d`j lds`] vius fopkjkÍ d`ks lgh f¥[uk rƒk izÎ`fr ds` Ôi ls vfHO;Dr d`j lds`\ lkfu÷; eÍ le; fcrkuk\ tgk∑ eq>s vlhe 'kkfUr vr# fgUnh ek÷;e ls Hh rS;kjh d`j fe¥rh gS\ l√¥rk vftZr d`h tk ld`rh gS\ ^\ n\%D;k ijh”kƒhZ ds` ifjokj d`h vkn'kZ O;fDr % esjs thou ds` vkn'kZ 'kSf”d`] vkfƒZd` vkSj tukafd`d`h; fLƒfr d`k O;fDr esjs ekrk-firk gß] izHko mlds` v÷;;u ij iÈMrk gS\ ;fn D;kÍfd` tgk∑ ,d` vksj gk∑] rks dS`ls = eq>s vius firk ls LiÆVlqJh ehuk%gk∑] dq`N gn rd`] ;fn okfnrk ,oa d`rZO;fuÆBrk ifjokj d`h vkfƒZd` o 'kSf”d` fLƒfr vPNh fojklr eÍ fe¥h gS ogÓ gS rks l√¥rk izkIr d`juk dq`N vklku gks viuh ek∑ ls ·tks tkrk gS] fd`Urq izfrHk rƒk ;ksX;rk fd`lh lektlsoh gß‚ fuLokƒZ d`h eksgrkt ugÓ gksrh ftl izd`kj d`e¥ lsok rƒk lrrΩ la?"Z'kh¥ d`hpÈM eÍ f[¥rk gS mlh izd`kj ›È< bPNk jguk lh[k gS\ 'kfDr o d`fBu ifjJe ds` }kjk lc lc¥ i” % ›È< bPNk'kfDr |kjd` gw∑ ck|kvkÍ d`ks ikj fd`;k tk ld`rk gS vkSj rƒk thou ds` izfr ld`k,slh l√¥rk fu#lUnsg vnΩHqr gksxh\ jkRed` ›fÆVd`ks.\ ^\ n\%;fn vkils ;g iz'u fd`;k vR;f|d` tk, fd` izfr;ksxh ijh”k ds` f¥, ,d` ekud` nqcZ¥ i” % d`Hh-d`Hh vkRefo'okl vkS j ,d`kxzrk if(d`k d`h D;k-D;k fo'ks"rk,a gksuh pkfg,] d`k vHko\ rks vkid`k m®j D;k gksxk = lqJh ehuk%ekud` if(d`k eÍ fo"; ls ^\ n\%Hkjr eÍ lcls T;knk iÈ
lqJh ehuk%izfr;ksfxrk niZ. ,d` mPpLrjh; if(d`k gS\ fo'ks"d`j fgUnh ek÷;e ds` ijh”kfƒZ;kÍ gsrq ,d` ekud` if(d`k eÍ tks fo'ks"rk,a gksuh pkfg, os lc izfr;ksfxrk niZ. eÍ gß\ ^\ n\%izfr;ksfxrk niZ. ds` vfrfjDrkad`kÍ ds` fo"; eÍ vki dq`N d`guk pkgrh gß = lqJh ehuk%;g fuf'pr rkSj ij ‘xkxj eÍ lkxj’ ds` leku gß\ ijh”ksi;ksxh vR;f|d` tkud`kjh ,d` gh Lƒku ij izkIr gksuk okd`bZ vnΩHqr gS\ ^\ n\%gekjs vkxkeh ikBd`-ikfBd`kvkÍ d`ks vki D;k l¥kg nsuk pkgÍxh = lqJh ehuk%vtqZu d`h rjg eN¥h d`h vk∑[ Ôih ¥{; d`ks vius euefLrÆd` ls vks>¥ u gksus nÍ rƒk ml ¥{; d`h izkfIr gsrq lnSo iz;Ru'kh¥ jgÍ\ tc rd` ¥{; izkIr u gks] ¥{; ls utj u gVs\ ^\ n\%vkius tks le; ,oa lg;ksx fn;k mlds` f¥, |U;okn\ lqJh ehuk%vkid`k Hh gkfnZd` vfHuUnu\ ●●●

New Releases

uohu izLrqfr;k∑ r;k

Uttar Pradesh Police Regulations and Police Act, 1861 (Useful for UP APO Exam.)

By : Dr. Shatrughan Tripathi Code 1591 Price : Rs. 45/Code 709 Price : Rs. 65/fgUnh laLd`j.

¥s[d`}; # MkW\ ¥k¥ ,oa tSu d`ksM ua\ 712 ewY; # 255/-

¥s[d`}; # MkW\ ¥k¥ ,oa tSu d`ksM ua\ 713 ewY; # 260/-

¥s[d`}; # MkW\ æekZ ,oa flag d`ksM ua\ 775 ewY; # 170/-

¥s[d`}; # MkW\ ¥k¥ ,oa tSu d`ksM ua\ 1341 ewY; # 198/-

mid`kj izd`kæu] vkxjk–2

E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.upkarprakashan.com

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1594

☞ The Specific Relief Act, 1963 ☞ The Indian Partnership Act, 1932 ☞ The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 ☞ The Limitation Act, 1963 (USEFUL FOR JUDICIAL SERVICES EXAMINATIONS) By : Abhinav Misra Code No. 1592 Price : 48/-

UPKAR PRAKASHAN, AGRA–2 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.upkarprakashan.com

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vle jkT; ds` og lqizfl* xk;d` ftUgÍ vle ljd`kj us fcuk fd`lh ea(k¥; ds` ds`fcusV ea(h d`k ntkZ iznku fd`;k\ % Hwisu gtkfjd`k ☛ vle ljd`kj us ogk∑ ds` lqfo“;kr xk;d` Hwisu gtkfjd`k d`ks izeFksæ c:vk eseksfj;¥ ¥kbœ`Vkbe ,phoesUV vokMZ œ`jojh 2008 eÍ iznku fd`;k\ blds` lkFk gh mUgÍ ds`fcusV ea(h d`k Lrj Hh iznku fd`;k x;k\ egkjkÆV_ ds` œ`jojh 2008 eÍ fnoaxr og lektlsoh ftud`k vkuanou vkJe dq`ÆB jksfx;kÍ d`h lsok ds` f¥, fo“;kr Fkk\ % ckck vkEVs ☛ ckck vkEVs ·eqj¥h|j nsonkl‚ us dq`ÆB jksfx;kÍ d`h lsok ,oa fpfd`Rlk ds` f¥, egkjkÆV_ ds` pUnziqj ft¥s eÍ ojksjk eÍ vkuanou vkJe LFkkfir fd`;k Fkk\ es|k ikVsd`j ds` lkFk ueZnk cpkvks vkUnks¥u eÍ Hh vkEVs us Hkx f¥;k Fkk\ inΩefoHw". lfgr vusd` iqjLd`kjkÍ ls lEekfur ckck vkEVs d`ks egkRek xka|h us ‘vH; lk|d`’ d`gk Fkk\ og LokLF; chek ;kstuk ftls Hkjr ljd`kj ds` oL( ea(k¥; us fæfYi;kÍ ds` f¥, œ`jojh 2008 eÍ izkjEH fd`;k gS\ % jktho xka|h fæYih LokLF; ;kstuk ☛ oL( ea(k¥; (Ministry of Textiles) }kjk o"Z 2007-08 eÍ vkB ¥k[ fæYih ifjokjkÍ ds` b¥kt ,oa nq?ZVuk chek ds` f¥, vkbZlhvkbZlhvkbZ (ICICI) ¥ksEckMZ tuj¥ ba';ksjÍl }kjk d`k;kZfUor jktho xka|h fæYih LokLF; chek ;kstuk izkjEH d`h gS\ og nsæ ftls Hkjrh; js¥ ds` baVhxz¥ d`ksp œS`DVjh eÍ fufeZr d`kspkÍ d`k fu;kZr tuojh 2008 eÍ fd`;k x;k\ % vaxks¥k ☛ psUubZ eÍ isjEcwj eÍ fLFkr baVhxz¥ d`ksp œS`DVjh eÍ fufeZr iUnzg Mh,e;w (Diesel Multiple Units) d`kspkÍ d`k fu;kZr 31 tuojh] 2008 d`ks vaxks¥k d`ks fd`;k x;k\ bl izd`kj ds` bl ig¥s fu;kZr eÍ rhu d`ksp ok¥h Lopkf¥r nq?ZVuk jkgr xkÈMh Hh lfEef¥r gS\ og Hkjrh; f∂`ds`V f[¥kÈMh ftlus œ`jojh 2008 rd` ,d`fnolh; vUrjkZÆV_h; eSpkÍ eÍ lokZf|d` ·16000 ls vf|d`‚ ju cuk,\ % lfpu rÍnq¥d`j ☛ lfpu us 5 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks fczLcsu eÍ Jh¥ad`k ds` fo:* [s¥rs gq, ,d`fnolh; eSpkÍ eÍ fjd`kWMZ 16000 ls vf|d` ju iwjs d`j f¥,\ nwljs LFkku ij lokZf|d` ju (12207) 5 œ`jojh d`ks Jh¥ad`k ds` lur t;lw;kZ ds` Fks\ lfpu us ;g fjd`kWMZ 409 ,d`fnolh; eSpkÍ eÍ cuk;k\ >k∑lh d`h jkuh ¥{ehckbZ ij f¥[h ,oa gk¥ gh eÍ izd`kfær og iqLrd` ftleÍ fn, x, dq`N fooj.kÍ ij cqUns¥[≥M eÍ fookn [ÈMk gks x;k gS\ % jkuh (Rani) ☛ ¥anu fuoklh t;Jh feJk }kjk f¥f[r >k∑lh d`h jkuh ij f¥f[r iqLrd` ‘jkuh’ eÍ dq`N fookfnr ,oa xSj ,sfrgkfld` rF; fn, x, gß ftud`k fojks| cqUns¥[≥M eÍ fd`;k x;k rFkk iqLrd` d`h fc∂`h ij izfrcU| ¥xkus d`h ek∑x Hh d`h xbZ\ og iqLrd` ftls o"Z 2007 ds` f¥, ds`\ ds`\ fcÈM¥k œ`km≥Msæu d`k æad`j iqjLd`kj iznku d`jus gsrq p;fur fd`;k x;k gS\ % ckS* næZu izLFkku ☛ ds`\ ds`\ fcÈM¥k œ`km≥Msæu us Hkjrh; næZu] laLÎ`fr ,oa d`¥k ds` {ks( eÍ mRÎ`ÆV ;ksxnku ds` f¥, 1·5 ¥k[ :i, d`k æad`j iqjLd`kj 2007 izksœs`lj vkj\,l\ f(ikBh d`h iqLrd` ‘ckS* næZu izLFkku’ d`ks nsus d`h ?ks".k œ`jojh 2007 eÍ d`h gS\ Hkjr d`k og ig¥k jkT; tgk∑ iwjs jkT; eÍ ær-izfrær ernkrkvkÍ d`ks œ`ksVks igpku-i( fn, x, rFkk blds` vk|kj ij fo|ku lHk pquko d`jk, x,\ % f(iqjk ☛ f(iqjk eÍ 23 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks fo|ku lHk fuokZpu ds` f¥, ernku lEiUu gqvk\ ;gk∑ ernku ær-izfrær œ`ksVks igpku i(kÍ ds` vk|kj ij gqvk\ f(iqjk bl izd`kj d`h mi¥fC| izkIr d`jus ok¥k Hkjr d`k ig¥k jkT; gS\ Hkjr d`k og tk∑p vk;ksx ftld`k d`k;Zd`k¥ lokZf|d` ¥Eck jgk gS\ % f¥czgku vk;ksx ☛ v;ks÷;k eÍ ckcjh efLtn
izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1595/ 5

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og uoksfnr ikWi xkf;d`k ftls bl o"Z xzseh iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ lokZf|d` ik∑p iqjLd`kj izkIr gq,\ % ,uh okbugkml ☛ œ`jojh 2008 eÍ ¥kWl ,atsYl eÍ forfjr fd`, x, xzseh iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ fczVsu d`h uoksfnr ikWi xkf;d`k ,uh okbugkml d`ks ik∑p iqjLd`kj izkIr gq,\ bueÍ fjgkc (Rehab) ds` f¥, ikWi oksd`¥ ,¥ce vkWœ` n bZ;j] lkax vkWœ` n bZ;j] loZJsÆB efg¥k ikWi xk;d`] loZJsÆB uoksfnr d`¥kd`kj ,oa fjd`kWMZ vkWœ` n bZ;j iqjLd`kj lfEef¥r gß\ og LFkku tgk∑ 15oÍ n{ksl fæ[j lEes¥u d`k vk;kstu izLrkfor gS\ % dß`Mh ·Jh¥ad`k‚ ☛ n{ksl (SAARC) d`k vkxkeh fæ[j lEes¥u tq¥kbZ-vxLr 2008 eÍ Jh¥ad`k eÍ dß`Mh eÍ vk;ksftr d`jus d`k fu.Z; f¥;k x;k gß] ig¥s ;g ek¥nho eÍ vk;ksftr fd`;k tkuk Fkk ftls vc cn¥ fn;k x;k gS\ vaVkdZ`fVd`k eÍ `œ`jojh 2008 eÍ LFkkfir og os|æk¥k tksfd` iw.Zr# jkscksV pkf¥r gS\ % I¥sVks ☛ N# fofHUu vUrjkZÆV_h; laLFkkukÍ ,oa phu ds` |zqoh; vuqla|ku laLFkku ds` izfrfuf|Ro ok¥s ,d` n¥ us vaVkdZ`fVd`k ds` loksZPp LFkku Mkse vkjxl ij œ`jojh 2008 eÍ iw.Zr# jkscksV pkf¥r os|æk¥k I¥sVks d`h LFkkiuk d`h gS\ og f∂`ds`V f[¥kÈMh ftlus 12 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks ,d`fnolh; vUrjkZÆV_h; eSpkÍ eÍ lokZf|d` NDds` ¥xkus d`k fjd`kWMZ cuk;k\ % lur t;lw;kZ ☛ Jh¥ad`k ds` cY¥sckt lur t;lw;kZ us ds`ucjk eÍ Hkjr-vkLV_sf¥;k-Jh¥ad`k f(d`ks.h; Δk~a[¥k ds` Hkjr ds` fo:* [s¥s x, ,d` eSp eÍ nks NDds` ¥xkd`j vius NDd`kÍ d`h dq`¥ la“;k 247 d`j ¥h\ t;lw;kZ us ikfd`Lrku ds` ækfgn vœ`jhnh ds` 245 NDd`kÍ d`k fjd`kWMZ Hax d`j u;k fjd`kWMZ cuk;k gS\ ;wjksi d`k og u;k LorU( jkT; ftlus œ`jojh 2008 eÍ Lo;a d`ks LorU( ?ksf"r d`j fn;k\ % d`kslksoks ☛ d`kslksoks ds` vYckfu;u (Albanian) leqnk; ds` usrkvkÍ us 17 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks d`kslksoks d`ks lfcZ;k ls i~FkdΩ` ,d` LorU( ,oa lEizHq jkÆV_ ?ksf"r d`j fn;k\ lfcZ;k d`h ljd`kj us bls Lohd`kj ugÓ fd`;k gS rFkk vejhd`k us bls ekU;rk ns nh gS\ og Vsful f[¥kÈMh ftls ¥xkrkj pkSFks o"Z ¥kWfj;l oYMZ LiksVZΩleSu vkWœ` n bZ;j vokMZ izkIr gqvk\ % jkstj œs`Mjj ☛ Vsful f[¥kÈMh jkstj œs`Mjj ,sls ig¥s O;fDr gß ftUgkÍus ¥xkrkj pkSFkh ckj 2008 ds` f¥, o"Z ds` loZJsÆB f[¥kÈMh ds` f¥, ¥kWfj;l iqjLd`kj thrk gS\ loZJsÆB efg¥k f[¥kÈMh ds` f¥, ;g iqjLd`kj csfYt;e d`h Vsful f[¥kÈMh tfLVu gsfuu us izkIr fd`;k\ loZJsÆB Vhe d`k iqjLd`kj nf{k. v≠`hd`k d`h ‘jxch ;wfu;u’ Vhe d`ks iznku fd`;k x;k\ og LFkku tgk∑ lqj{kk ekud` le>kSrs ij Hkjr vkSj vUrjkZÆV_h; ijek.q ˜tkZ ,tsUlh (IAEA) ds` e÷; œ`jojh 2008 eÍ okrkZ lEiUu gqbZ\ % fo,uk ☛ Hkjr-vejhd`k vlSfud` ijek.q d`jkj ds` f¥, vUrjkZÆV_h; ijek.q ˜tkZ ,tsUlh ds` lkFk lqj{kk ekud` lEcU|h le>kSrk vko';d` gS blf¥, bl lEcU| eÍ fo,uk eÍ 25 œ`jojh] 2008 ls Hkjr ds` izfrfuf|eaM¥ d`h vkj\ ch\ xzksoj d`h v÷;{krk eÍ okrkZ ,tsUlh ls lEiUu gqbZ\ blls iwoZ pkj nkSj d`h ckrphr bl lEcU| eÍ lEiUu gks pqd`h gS\ og gkW¥hoqM vfHusrk ,oa vfHus(h ftUgÍ o"Z 2007 ds` f¥, fuÎ`ÆV vfHu; ds` f¥, jsth iqjLd`kj iznku d`jus d`h ?ks".k œ`jojh 2008 eÍ d`h xbZ\ % ,Mh eœ`hZ rFkk f¥aMls ¥ksgku ☛ xksYMu jsLicsjh œ`km≥Msæu }kjk 1980 ls izR;sd` o"Z vkWLd`j iqjLd`kjkÍ d`h ?ks".k ls ,d` fnu iwoZ fœ`YekÍ eÍ œw`gÈM vfHu; ds` f¥, xksYMu jsLicsjh vokMZΩl ds` vUrxZr jsth V_kWœ`h (Razzie Trophies) iznku d`h tkrh gS ftUgÍ d`ksbZ Hh vfHusrk/vfHus(h ¥suk ugÓ pkgrs\ og LFkku tgk∑ Hkjr d`k ig¥k vUrjkZÆV_h; unh egksRlo œ`jojh 2008 eÍ vk;ksftr fd`;k x;k gS\ % ueZnk ,oa rok ufn;kÍ d`k laxe LFk¥ ☛ e÷; iznsæ eÍ gksæaxkckn ft¥k eq“;k¥; ls 10 fd`eh nwj ueZnk ,oa rok ufn;kÍ ds` laxe ij ueZnkiqje clk;k x;k gS] tgk∑ unh lalkj ds` fofo| i{kkÍ ij nsæ-fonsæ ds` 500 ls vf|d` O;fDr;kÍ us œ`jojh 2008 eÍ vk;ksftr vUrjkZÆV_h; unh egksRlo eÍ Hkx f¥;k\ ;g vk;kstu ‘ueZnk lexz’ U;kl us fd`;k gS\ Hkjr eÍ tUeh isIlhd`ks d`h og eq“; d`k;Zd`kjh vf|d`kjh ftls œ`ksClZ if(d`k us 10 izeq[ efg¥k lh\bZ\vks\ d`h lwph eÍ lfEef¥r fd`;k gS\ % banzk uw;h ☛ œ`jojh 2008 eÍ vejhd`k d`h æh"Z if(d`k œ`ksClZ (Forbes) us nl æh"Z d`Eifu;kÍ d`h efg¥k lh\bZ\vks\ d`h lwph tkjh d`h gS ftleÍ bUnzk uw;h d`ks nloÍ LFkku ij j[k gS\ blls iwoZ Hh œ`ksClZ if(d`k us banzk uw;h d`ks o"Z 2006 o 2007 ds` f¥, lokZf|d` ikWojœq`¥ fctusl oqesu ?ksf"r fd`;k Fkk\ vejhd`k d`k og vk|qfud`re ceo"Zd` foeku tks œ`jojh 2008 eÍ xqvke eÍ nq?ZVukxzLr gks x;k\ % ch–2 LVhYFk tsV ☛ vejhd`k d`k vR;k|qfud` ceo"Zd` foeku ch–2 LVhYFk tsV xqvke eÍ œ`jojh 2008 eÍ nq?ZVukxzLr gks x;k\ bl fd`Le ds` foeku d`h ;g ig¥h nq?ZVuk gS\ 1·2 fcf¥;u MkW¥j d`her d`k ;g foeku viuh mPp rd`uhd` ds` d`kj. jMkj d`h id`ÈM eÍ ugÓ vkrk\ ;g 1989 ls lsok eÍ d`k;ZjrΩ gß\ d`kslksoks] vœ`xkfuLrku ,oa bjkd` eÍ vejhd`h ok;q lsuk us bud`k iz;ksx fd`;k Fkk\ bl o"Z fd`l fœ`Ye d`ks loZJsÆB fœ`Ye d`k vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj iznku fd`;k x;k = % uks da`V_h œ`kWj vksYM eSu ☛ d`kWesZd` eSd`kFkhZ (Cormac McCarthy) ds` miU;kl ij vk|kfjr fœ`Ye ‘uks da`V_h œ`kWj vksYM eSu’ d`ks loZJsÆB fœ`Ye d`k iqjLd`kj izkIr gqvk\ blds` funsZæd` tks,¥ d`ks,u rFkk bZFkku d`ks,u d`ks loZJsÆB funsZæd`] bleÍ vfHu; ds` f¥, lgk;d` vfHusrk d`k iqjLd`kj Lisu ds` tsfo;j ckMsZe rFkk bl fœ`Ye d`ks ,MsIVsM L∂`huI¥s d`k iqjLd`kj Hh izkIr gqvk\ bl izd`kj uks da`V_h œ`kWj vksYM eSu d`ks pkj vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj izkIr gq,\ ●●●

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1596

ikfd`Lrku%pquko vkSj mlds` ckn vUrr# 18 œ`jojh d`ks ikfd`Lrku ds` ukxfjd`kÍ d`ks jkÆV_h; rƒk ^kUrh; vlsEcf¥;kÍ ds` lnL;kÍ d`ks pquus d`k volj ^kIr gks x;k\ lHh vkæad`kvkÍ d`ks fuewZ¥ fl* d`jrs gq, ernku lkekU;r# ækfUriw.Z ekgkS¥ eÍ gqvk rƒk ¯glk d`h fNV iqV ?Vuk gh ?fVr gqbZ\ gk∑] ;g vo'; gS fd` H; rƒk vkæad`k us ernku d`ks ^Hkfor fd`;k rƒk er ^frær pk¥hl ds` ¥xHx jgk\ ikfd`Lrku ds` ;g pquko ^tkrU( d`h lœ`¥rk ds` Ôi eÍ f¥, tk ld`rs gß\ gj d`ksbZ ;g ekud`j p¥ jgk ƒk fd` eqæjZœ` ds` jkÆV_ifr in ij jgrs nsæ eÍ fuÆi” pquko gksuk vlEHo gS rƒk l®k|kjh n¥ pquko urhtkÍ d`ks vius i” eÍ d`jus ds` f¥, ljd`kjh eæhujh d`k [q¥d`j nq:i;ksx d`jÍxs\ fd`Urq] ,slk ugÓ gqvk\ pquko fuÆi” ,oa LorU(
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vkxkeh la? ,oa jkT; ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx d`h flfo¥ lsok ·izkjfEHd`‚ ijh{kk gsrq foæs" lkexzh

Hkjrh; lafo|ku ,oa jktO;oLƒk - MkW\ v:`. dq`ekj jk?o Hkjr d`k lafo|ku f¥f[r ,oa fufeZr lafo|ku gS] ftld`k fuekZ. Hkjrh;kÍ d`h gh ,d` lafo|ku lHk }kjk fd`;k x;k gS\ lafo|ku lHk us lafo|ku d`ks 26 uoEcj] 1949 d`ks vf|fu;fer] vkRekfiZr rƒk vaxhd~`r fd`;k vƒkZrΩ fof|orΩ Lohd`kj fd`;k\ blh fnu ls lafo|ku ds` ukxfjd`rk] fuokZpu vkSj vUrfje laln ls lEcfU|r micU|kÍ rƒk vLƒk;h vkSj ladz`e.d`kjh micU|kÍ d`ks ¥kxw d`j fn;k x;k\ lEiw.Z lafo|ku 26 tuojh] 1950 d`ks ¥kxw fd`;k x;k rƒk blh frfƒ d`ks lafo|ku izorZu d`k fnu ekuk x;k\ blh fnu Hkjr d`ks x.rU( ?ksf"r fd`;k x;k\ blhf¥, 26 tuojh d`ks izR;sd` o"Z x.rU( fnol euk;k tkrk gS\

x.rU( x.rU( (Republic) ml O;oLƒk d`ks d`grs gß] ftleÍ jkÆV_ d`k v÷;{k fuokZfpr gksrk gS] vƒkZrΩ vkuqoafæd` ugÓ gksrk gS\ Hkjr blls iwoZ fczfVæ æklu ds` v|hu ƒk] ftlds` d`kj. ;gk∑ d`k jkÆV_ v÷;{k fczfVæ dz`kmu ƒk\ 26 tuojh] 1950 d`ks fczfVæ dz`kmu d`k æklu lekIr gks x;k rƒk Hkjr d`k jkÆV_k÷;{k ,d` fuokZfpr jkÆV_ifr gks x;k\

Hkjr d`k lafo|ku vkd`kj eÍ fo'o ds` lHh lafo|kukÍ ls cÈMk gS\ bleÍ ds`Unz ljd`kj] jkT; ljd`kj] izæklfud` lsok,a] fuokZpu vkfn fo";kÍ ij foLrkj ls f¥[k x;k gS\ ew¥ lafo|ku eÍ 395 vuqPNsn rƒk 8 vuqlwfp;k∑ ƒh\ lafo|ku eÍ fujUrj laæks|u gksus ds` d`kj. blds` vkd`kj eÍ vkSj o~f* gqbZ gS\ orZeku eÍ vuqPNsnkÍ d`h dz`ekad` la“;k 395 gh gS] ¥sfd`u dq`N vuqPNsnkÍ d`ks foLƒkfir fd`;k gS rƒk dq`N eÍ ijUrqd` tksÈMd`j foLrkj fd`;k x;k gS\ vuqlwfp;kÍ d`h la“;k 8 ls cÈ
lafo|ku d`k foLrkj ●

izƒe lafo|ku laæks|u vf|fu;e (1951) }kjk uoÓ vuqlwph tksÈMh xbZ\ ● ckouoÍ lafo|ku laæks|u vf|fu;e (1985) }kjk nloÓ vuqlwph tksÈMh xbZ\ ● frg®joÍ lafo|ku laæks|u vf|fu;e (1992) }kjk X;kjgoÓ vuqlwph tksÈMh xbZ\ ● pkSg®joÍ lafo|ku laæks|u (1992) }kjk ckjgoÓ vuqlwph tksÈMh xbZ\

lafo|ku d`h 12 vuqlwfp;kÍ eÍ fo"; gß% 1. jkT;] la? jkT;\ {ks( 2. jkÆV_ifr] izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1600

jkT;ik¥] ¥ksd` lHk ds` v÷;{k] mik÷;{k] jkT; lHk ds` lHkifr] milHkifr] jkT; d`h fo|ku lHk ds` v÷;{k] mik÷;{k rƒk fo|ku ifj"nΩ ds` lHkifr vkSj milHkifr] mPpre U;k;k¥; rƒk mPp U;k;k¥; ds` U;k;k|hæ] Hkjr d`k fu;U(d` egk¥s[k ijh{kd` ds` osru vkfn ls lEcfU|r] 3. æiƒ ;k izfrKku ds` izkÔi] 4. jkT; lHk eÍ LƒkukÍ d`k vkoaVu] 5. vuqlwfpr {ks(kÍ vkSj vuqlwfpr tutkfr;kÍ d`k iz æ klu vkSj fu;kstu] 6. vle] es?k¥;] f(iqjk vkSj fetksje jkT;kÍ ds` tutkfr {ks(kÍ d`k izæklu] 7. la? lwph] jkT; lwph] leorhZ lwph] 8. Hk"k,a] 9. dq`N vf|fu;ekÍ vkSj fofu;ekÍ d`k fof|ekU;d`j.] 10. n¥ ifjorZu ds` vk|kj ij fujgZrk] 11. iapk;rkÍ d`h æfDr;k∑] izkf|d`kj vkSj m®jnkf;Ro] 12. uxj ikf¥d`kvkÍ vkfn d`h æfDr;k∑] izkf|d`kj vkSj m®jnkf;Ro\ lkroÓ vuqlwph eÍ nh xbZ la? lwph eÍ 97, jkT; lwph eÍ 66 vkSj leorhZ lwph eÍ 47 dz`ekad` la“;k rd` fo"; lfEef¥r gß\

dq`N egRoiw.Z fo"; ,oa lwph 1. la? lwph%lsuk,a] j{kk] fonsæ] js¥] Mkd` ,oa cpr] ijek.q ˜tkZ] ;q* vkSj ækafr] ukxfjd`rk] ukSogu] ok;q ifjogu] Vs¥hfotu] Vs¥hœ`ksu] lapkj lk|u] d`jÍlh] Hkjrh; fjtoZ cßd`] O;kikj fuxe] vUrjkZÆV_h; O;kikj] cßfda`x] chek] LVkWd` ,DlpÍt] ds`Unzh; fo'ofo»k¥; tux.uk] vk;d`j] lhek æqYd`] fuxe d`j\

2. jkT; lwph %¥ksd` O;oLƒk] d`kjkxkj] Lƒkuh; æklu] ¥ksd` LokLF;] d~`f"] Hwfe] Hwfe fod`kl] Hw-jktLo] Hwfe o HoukÍ ij d`j] fo»qrΩ miHksx] iƒd`j] euksjatu d`j] o~f®;kÍ] O;kikjkÍ] vkthfod`kvkÍ vkSj fu;kstu ij d`j] LVkEi æqYd` d`h nj\ 3. leorhZ lwph%n≥M fof| ,oa izfdz`;k] fookg ,oa lEcfU|r fo";] U;kl vkSj U;klh] ou] vkfƒZd` vkSj lkekftd` ;kstuk] tula“;k fu;U(. vkSj ifjokj fu;kstu] lkekftd` lqj{kk] lkekftd` chek] fu;kstu vkSj csd`kjh] O;kikj la?] tUe ej. lkaf“;d`h] d`her fu;U(.] fo»qrΩ] lekpkj-i(] iqLrdÍ` eqnz.k¥;] fæ{kk\

vkBoÓ vuqlwph eÍ Hk"k,a 1.

vlfe;k] 2. cax¥k] 3. xqtjkrh] 4. fgUnh] 5. d`UuÈM] 6. d`'ehjh] 7. d`kÍd`.h] 8. e¥;k¥e] 9. ef.iqjh] 10. ejkBh] 11. usik¥h] 12. mfÈM;k] 13. iatkch] 14. laLd~`r] 15. flU|h] 16. rfe¥] 17. rs¥xw] 18. mnwZ] 19. Mksxjh] 20. eSfƒ¥h] 21. laƒk¥h] 22. cksMks\ lafo|ku laæks|ukÍ }kjk tksÈMh xbZ Hk"k,a bDd`hlok∑ (1967)%fla|h\ bd`g®jok∑ (1992)%ef.iqjh] d`kÍd`.h] usik¥h\ ckuosok∑ (2003)%MkÍxjh] eSfƒ¥h] laƒk¥h] cksMks\

lafo|ku ds` lzksr 11.

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 10. 11.

^ko|ku lalnh; iz.k¥h] ,d`¥ ukxfjd`rk] eaf(e≥M¥ d`k ¥ksd` lHk ds` izfr lkewfgd` mÂkjnkf;Ro] jkÆV_ifr d`h laoS|kfud` fLFkfr] fof| d`k æklu] fof| fuekZ. izf∂`;k] lalnh; foæs"kf|d`kj] ¥ksd`lsod`kÍ d`h inkof|] laln o fo|kue≥M¥ izf∂`;k la?kRed` O;oLFkk] vofæÆV æfDr] lc¥ ds`Unzh;d`j. d`h O;oLFkk la?kRed` O;oLFkk] izkUrkÍ eÍ æfDr foHktu] rhukÍ lwph] vkikr mica| ew¥ vf|d`kj] mPpre U;k;k¥;] lafo|ku d`h loksZPprk] jkÆV_ifr ij egkfH;ksx izf∂`;k] mijkÆV_ifr d`k in] U;kf;d` iqufoZ¥ksd`u] Lora( fuÆi” U;k;ikf¥d`k ekSf¥d` d`ÂkZO; jkT; ds` uhfr funsZæd` rRo] jkÆV_ifr ds` fuokZpu d`h jhfr] jkT; lHk eÍ 12 lnL;kÍ d`ks euksuhr gksuk vuqPNsn d`k izko|ku izLrkouk leorhZ lwph] æfDr foHktu` lafo|ku laæks|u x.ra( vkikrd`k¥hu mica|

lzksr fczVsu

d`ukMk Hkjr ljd`kj vf|fu;e 1935 vejhd`k iwoZ lksfo;r la? vk;j¥S≥M tkiku vkLV_sf¥;k nf{k. v≠`hd`k ≠`kal i\ teZuh ·okbej‚

lafo|ku eÍ izLrkouk ds` lkƒ-lkƒ Hkx ,oa 3 ifjfæÆV gß\ Hkx-1 eÍ la? vkSj mld`k jkT; {ks(] 2. ukxfjd`rk] 3. ew¥ vf|d`kj] 4. jkT; d`h uhfr ds` funsæd` rRo] 4 d`%ew¥ d`rZO;] 5. la?] 6. jkT;] 7. fujflr] 8. la? jkT; {ks(] 9. iapk;r] 9 d`%uxjikf¥d`k,a] 10. vuqlw f pr vkSj tutkfr {ks ( ] 11. la? vkS j jkT;kÍ ds` chp lEcU|] 12. fo®] lEif®] lafonk,a vkSj okn] 13. Hkjr ds` jkT; {ks( ds` Hhrj O;kikj] okf.T; vkSj lekxe] 14. la? vkSj jkT;kÍ ds` v|hu lsok,a] 14 d`%vfHd`j.] 15. fuokZpu] 16. dq`N oxksÛ ds` lEcU| eÍ foæs" micU|] 17. jktHk"k] 18. vkikr micU|] 19. iz d `h.Z ] 20. lafo|ku laæks|u] 21. vLƒk;h] ladz`e.d`k¥hu vkSj foæs" micU|] 22. laf{kIr uke] izkjEH] fgUnh eÍ izkf|d~`r ikB vkSj fujlu\ lafo|ku cukrs le; fo'o ds` vusd` lafo|kukÍ d`k v÷;;u fd`;k x;k rƒk ogk∑ d`h O;oLƒkvkÍ ls izsj.k ¥sd`j Hkjr ds` lafo|ku eÍ dq`N O;oLƒk,a muds` vuqÔi d`h xbZ gß\ lafo|ku d`h vf|d`kaæ O;oLƒkvkÍ d`k lzksr Hkjr ljd`kj d`k 1935 d`k vf|fu;e gS\ la?kRed` O;oLƒk rƒk ,d`kRed` O;oLƒk d`k leUo; fd`;k x;k gS%lafo|ku }kjk la?kRed`
izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1601

12.

,d` fef¥;u ;k nl ¥k[ ij ,d`‚ ^frfuf| fu|kZ f jr fd`, x,\ pquko vkuqikfrd` ^frfuf|Ro d`h ,d`¥ er la∂`e. ^.k¥h }kjk gq,\ nsæh fj;klrkÍ ls muls fopkj d`jds` ^f∂`;k fu|kZfjr d`h xbZ ^kUrkÍ eÍ eqfL¥e] fl[ rƒk lk|kj. pquko ”s( cuk, x,\ dq`¥ lnL; la“;k%389 j[h xbZ ftleÍ 292 ^kUrkÍ ls fuokZfpr lnL;] 93 nsæh fj;klrkÍ ls rƒk 4 d`fe'ujh ”s(kÍ ls fu|kZfjr fd`, x,\ ^kUrkÍ ds` lnL;kÍ ds` f¥, gq, pquko eÍ 73 lhV eqfL¥e ¥hx d`ks rƒk 208 d`kaxzsl d`ks] 8 LorU( ,oa vU; lhV fofHUu ¥?q jktuhfrd` laxBukÍ d`ks ^kIr gqbÛ\

jkT; fo|kue≥M¥kÍ }kjk ikfjr fo|s;d` jkÆV_ifr d`h vuqefr ds` f¥, vkjf”r d`juk\ 13. lqifjorZuæh¥ lafo|ku\ 14. ;kstuk vk;ksx }kjk fu;ksftr fod`kl\ 15. jkÆV_h; fod`kl ifj"nΩ d`k LoÔi\ 16. jkT;kÍ d`h vkfƒZd` lgk;rk rƒk 17. vofæÆV æfDr;k∑ ds`Unz ds` ikl gß\ la?kRed` O;oLƒk ds` ¥”. fuEuf¥f[r gß% (1) lafo|ku d`h loksZPprk\ (2) æfDr;kÍ d`k foHktu\

la?kRed` O;oLƒk ls lEcfU|r fo}kukÍ ds` er 1.

‘Hkjrh; lafo|ku us æfDræk¥h ds`Unz d`h Lƒkiuk d`h’\ %lqHk" d`';i 2. ‘iw.Z la?kRed` O;oLƒk gS\’ %ik;¥h 3. ‘lkSnsckth d`k la?okn’ gS\ %ekSfjl tksUl 4. ‘v*Z-la?’\ %ds`\ lh\ ÿh;j (3) LorU( loksZPp (4) mPp lnu d`k

lafo|ku fuekZ. ^eq[ rF; ● ● ●

U;k;k¥;\ jkT; lnu gksuk\

lafo|ku d`h foæs"rk,a 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

lalnh; ¥ksd`rU(\ la?kRed` ,d`kRed` ¥{k.kÍ ds` lkƒ\ d`Bksj ,oa ¥ph¥s d`k feJ.\ o;Ld` lkoZtfud` erkf|d`kj\ ,d`hd~`r U;k;ikf¥d`k\ f}lnukRed`\ ew¥ vf|d`kjkÍ ds` lkƒ jkT; d`h uhfr ds` funsæd` rRo\ 8. iapk;rh jkt ,oa uxj Lok;® fud`k;kÍ d`k lafo|ku eÍ mY¥s[\ 9. iaƒ fujis{k] lHh |eksÛ d`k leku laj{k.\ 10. f¥f[r ,oa fufeZr lafo|ku\

Hkjrh; lafo|ku d`k fuekZ. ●

●

lafo|ku fuekZ. eÍ 2 o"Z 11 eghus 18 fnu ¥xs\ MkW\ ch\ vkj\ vEcsMd`j d`ks lafo|ku d`k firk d`gk tkrk gS\ fofHUu lfefr;kÍ eÍ ls ^eq[ ^kÔi lfefr (Drafting Committee)] tksfd` 19 vxLr] 1947 d`ks xfBr d`h xbZ ƒh] ds` v÷;” MkW\ ch\ vkj\ vEcsMd`j d`ks cuk;k x;k\ bl lfefr ds` vU; lnL; ƒs%,u\ xksik¥\ Lokeh vk;axj] vY¥kfn Î`Æ.k Lokeh vÚ;j] eksgEen lknqY¥k] ds`\ ,e\ eqaæh] ch\ ,¥\ fe®j vkSj Mh\ ih\ [srku\ dq`N le; i'pkrΩ ch\ ,¥\ fe®j ds` Lƒku ij ,u\ ek|o jko d`ks rƒk Mh\ ih\ [srku d`h e~R;q 1948 eÍ gks tkus ds` i'pkrΩ Vh\ Vh\ Î`Æ.kekpkjh d`ks bl lfefr eÍ lfEef¥r d`j f¥;k x;k\ vU; lfefr;k∑ ,oa muds` v÷;{k% la? 'kfDr lfefr%tokgj ¥k¥ usgÔ ew¥ vf|d`kj vkSj vYila“;d` lfefr %oY¥H HkbZ iVs¥\ d`k;Z lapk¥u lfefr%ds`\ ,e\ eqa'kh\ ^kUrh; lafo|ku lfefr%oY¥H HkbZ iVs¥\ la? lafo|ku lfefr%tokgj ¥k¥ usgÔ\

lafo|ku lHk%Hkjrh; lafo|ku d`k fuekZ. ,d` lafo|ku lHk }kjk gqvk gS\ egkRek xka|h us 1922 eÍ LojkT; d`k vƒZ ● lafo|ku lHk d`k ^ƒe vf|osæu 9 le>krs gq, ;g lads`r fn;k ƒk fd` Hkjr fnlEcj] 1946 d`ks gqvk\ bl vf|osæu ds` f¥, Hkjrh; gh lafo|ku cuk,axs\ 1929 d`k eqfL¥e ¥hx us cfgÆd`kj fd`;k rƒk ds` ¥kgkSj vf|osæu eÍ d`kaxzsl us iw.Z i~ƒdΩ` lafo|ku lHk d`h ek∑x d`h xbZ\ LojkT; d`k ^Lrko ikfjr fd`;k ƒk\ loZblh fnu MkW\ lfPpnkuUn flUgk d`ks lHk ^ƒe 1934 eÍ lafo|ku lHk ds` fuekZ. d`k vLƒk;h v÷;” fu;qDr fd`;k x;k\ d`h ek∑x d`h xbZ\ Lojkt ikVhZ us ebZ 11 fnlEcj] 1946 d`ks MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn 1934 eÍ rƒk d`kaxzsl us 1936 eÍ œS`tiqj d`ks lafo|ku lHk d`k Lƒk;h v÷;” pquk vf|osæu eÍ bl ek∑x d`ks nksgjk;k\ x;k rƒk ch\ ,u\ jko d`ks lafo|ku lHk d`k laoS|kfud` l¥kgkd`kj fu;qDr fd`;k ● 1942 ds` f∂`Il ^Lrko eÍ lafo|ku lHk x;k\ 13 fnlEcj] 1946 d`ks tokgj ¥k¥ us fuekZ. d`h ek∑x d`ks Lohd`kj fd`;k\ usgÔ us mˆs'; ^Lrko ^Lrqr fd`;k lafo|ku lHk ds` fuekZ. d`h ^f∂`;k tksfd` 22 tuojh] 1947 d`ks ikfjr fd`;k 1946 ds` dS`fcusV feæu I¥ku eÍ nh xbZ x;k\ MkW\ vEcsMd`j us lHk }kjk fufeZr rƒk blh ds` vk|kj ij tq¥kbZ 1946 eÍ lafo|ku d`ks ikfjr d`jus d`k ^Lrko j[k lafo|ku lHk ds` pquko gq,\ lafo|ku vkSj ;g ^Lrko 26 uoEcj] 1949 d`ks lHk eÍ tula“;k ds` vk|kj ij ·¥xHx

ikfjr gks x;k\ lHk ds` vfUre vf|osæu eÍ lafo|ku ij 284 lnL;kÍ us gLrk”j fd`,\

}kjk lgjkT; ds` Ôi eÍ lfEef¥r fd`;k x;k\ ig¥s ;g LorU( ns'k Fkk\ 36 oÍ lafo|ku la'kks|u }kjk bls iw.Z jkT; d`k ntkZ ^nku fd`;k x;k\ mˆsf'kd`k ● jkT;kÍ d`k iquxZBu ds` f¥, uoEcj 1947 ● lafo|ku ds` ^kjEH eÍ mˆsf'kd`k vFkok eÍ lafo|ku lHk us U;k;ewfrZ ,l\ ds`\ nj ^Lrkouk fn;k gqvk gS\ ;g lafo|ku d`k d`h v÷;”rk eÍ Hk"kbZ vk;ksx xfBr fd`;k Hkx gS vkSj vR;f|d` egRoiw.Z gS\ tgk∑ ftlus 1948 eÍ viuh fjiksVZ ^Lrqr d`h\ lafo|ku d`h Hk"k lafnX| gksrh gS\ ogk∑ blus lq>ko fn;k fd` jkT;kÍ d`k iquxZBu bld`h lgk;rk ¥h tkrh gS] D;kÍfd` bleÍ ek( Hk"k ds` vk|kj ij ugha gksuk pkfg,\ lafo|ku ds` mˆs'; of.Zr gß\ ● bl vk;ksx d`h flœ`kfjækÍ ij fopkj ● mˆsf'kd`k eÍ ds`o¥ ,d` ckj 1976 eÍ 42oÍ d`jus ds` f¥, d`kaxzsl us vius t;iqj lafo|ku la'kks|u vf|fu;e }kjk la'kks|u vf|osæu eÍ 1948 eÍ f(lnL;h; lfefrfd`;k x;k gS\ ‘lektoknh’] ‘iaFk fujis{k’] ts\oh\ih\ lfefr xfBr d`h ftlds` lnL; ‘vkSj v[≥Mrk’ 'kCnkÍ d`k lekos'k fd`;k tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ] cY¥H HkbZ iVs¥ x;k\ rƒk i±kfHlhrk jeS;k ƒs\ ts\ oh\ ih\ ● lektoknh 'kCn d`k vfH^k; vehj-xjhc lfefr us d`gk fd` jkT;kÍ ds` iquxZBu eÍ ds` e÷; nwjh d`e d`juk gS\ iaFk fujis{k lcls egRoiw.Z Hwfed`k nsæ d`h lqj”k] d`k vFkZ ljd`kj }kjk lHh |eksÛ d`k leku ,d`rk ,oa vkfƒZd` le~f* d`h gksuh pkfg,\ laj{k. ,oa lEeku d`juk gS\ ,d`rk d`k d`kaxzsl d`k;Z lfefr us bld`h flœ`kfjæÍ vfH^k; HkoukRed` ,d`rk LFkkfir d`jus 1949 eÍ Lohd`kj d`j ¥Ó\ d`kaxzsl us vka|z vkSj v[≥Mrk d`k vFkZ HkSxksf¥d` ,d`rk ^nsæ jkT; ds` xBu d`ks rRd`k¥hu ifjls gS\ ∏ge Hkjr ds` ¥ksxπ d`k vFkZ ;g fLƒfr;kÍ eÍ Lohd`kj d`j f¥;k\ 29 fnlEcj] gS fd` lafo|ku d`ks Hkjrh;kÍ us Lo;a 1953 ds` lad`Yi }kjk Hkjr ljd`kj us cuk;k gS rFkk Lo;a gh Lohd`kj fd`;k gS\ jkT; iquxZBu vk;ksx d`h Lƒkiuk d`h\ vr# lafo|ku lHk lE^Hqrk ^kIr gS\ bl vk;ksx eÍ lS;n œ`t¥ v¥h]

mˆsf'kd`k ge] Hkjr ds` ¥ksx] Hkjr d`ks ,d` lEiw.Z ^HqRo-lEiUu lektoknh iaFk fujis{k ¥ksd`rU(kRed` x.jkT; cukus ds` f¥,] rFkk mlds` leLr ukxfjd`ks d`ks # lkekftd`] vkfFkZd` vkSj jktuSfrd` U;k;] fopkj] vfHO;fDr] fo'okl] |eZ vkSj mikluk d`h LorU(rk] ^frÆBk vkSj volj d`h lerk ^kIr d`jkus ds` f¥,] rFkk mu lc eÍ O;fDr d`h xfjek vkSj jkÆV_ d`h ,d`rk vkSj v[≥Mrk lqfuf'pr d`jus ok¥h cU|qrk cÈ
la? vkSj mld`k jkT; {ks( ·Hkx%1] vuqPNsn 1 ls 4‚ ●

lafo|ku ds` vuqPNsn- 1 ds` vuqlkj ∏Hkjr vFkkZrΩ bafM;k jkT;kÍ d`k la? gksxk\π lafo|ku eÍ ‘œs`Mjs'ku’ 'kCn d`k ^;ksx ugÓ fd`;k x;k gS\ ● orZeku eÍ Hkjr eÍ 28 jkT; vkSj 7 la? jkT; {ks( gß\ la? jkT; {ks(kÍ eÍ fnY¥h d`ks jkÆV_h; jkt|kuh {ks( d`k ntkZ ^nku d`j fn;k x;k gS\ la? jkT; {ks( fnY¥h rFkk ikafMpsjh eÍ fo|ku lHk,a gß\ ● tEew-d`'ehj d`ks vuqPNsn 370 eÍ fo'ks" fLFkfr ^nku d`h xbZ gS\ bld`k viuk i~FkdΩ` lafo|ku gS\ vuqPNsn 371 eÍ vkU|z ^ns'k] xqtjkr] egkjkÆV_« vuqPNsn 371A eÍ uxk¥S≥M] 371-B eÍ vle vkSj vuqPNsn 371-F eÍ flfDd`e ds` f¥, dq`N fo'ks" ^ko|ku fd`, x, gß\ ● flfDd`e ,d`ek( ,slk jkT; gS] ftls Hkjr eÍ 1974 eÍ ißrhloÍ lafo|ku la'kks|u

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1602

ukxfjd`rk ·Hkx%2] vuqPNsn 5 ls 11‚ ●

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^R;sd` O;fDr tks ukxfjd`rk fof| ds` v|hu ukxfjd` gS] og laln }kjk cukbZ xbZ fof|;kÍ ds` vUrxZr Hkjr d`k ukxfjd` cuk jgsxk\ lafo|ku ds` ^kjH ls iwoZ tks O;fDr vFkok mlds` ekrk-firk eÍ ls d`ksbZ Hkjr eÍ tUek gS vFkok ik∑p o"Z iwoZ ls ;gk∑ jg jgk gS] rks og Hkjr d`k ukxfjd` gksxk\ ;fn ekrk ;k firk d`ks Hkjr d`h ukxfjd`rk ^kIr gS vkSj ;fn mld`k cPpk fons'k eÍ iSnk gksrk gS] rks Hh mls Hkjr d`h ukxfjd`rk ^kIr gksxh\ ;fn fd`lh O;fDr us LosPNk ls fd`lh fons'kh jkT; d`h ukxfjd`rk ^kIr d`j ¥h gS] rks mls Hkjr d`h ukxfjd`rk ^kIr ugÓ gksrh\ ^oklh Hkjrh;kÍ o fonsækÍ eÍ cls Hkjrh; ew¥ ds` ¥ksxkÍ d`ks nksgjh ukxfjd`rk ^nku d`jus ds` f¥, ukxfjd`rk ·laæks|u‚ vf|fu;e 2003 d`ks ¥{ehe¥ ¯l?oh d`h v÷;”rk ok¥h lfefr d`h flœ`kfjækÍ ds` vk|kj ij rS;kj fd`;k x;k ƒk\ ftlds` }kjk flVhtufæi ,DV 1955 eÍ laæks|u d`jds` 16 nsækÍ fLoVΩtj¥S≥M] vkLV_sf¥;k] d`ukMk] btjkb¥] iqrZxk¥] ≠`kal] LohMu] U;wth¥S≥M] ;wuku] lkbizl] bV¥h] fœ`u¥S≥M] vk;j¥S≥M] uhnj¥S≥MΩl] fczVsu o la;qDr jkT; vejhd`k eÍ cls Hkjrh; ew¥ ds` ¥ksxkÍ d`ks mud`h fonsæh ukxfjd`rk ds` lkFk Hkjr d`h vksojlht ukxfjd`rk iznku d`jus d`k izko|ku fd`;k gS\ nsækÍ d`h bl lwph d`k vkxs p¥d`j foLrkj fd`;k tk lds`xk\ ,slh nksgjh ukxfjd`rk izkIr d`jus ok¥s Hkjrh; ew¥ ds` O;fDr;kÍ (PIOs) d`ks Hkjr eÍ vkus-tkus d`h Lora(rk gksxh] fd`Urq Hkjr eÍ bUgÍ erkf|d`kj izkIr ugÓ gksxk\ Hkjr eÍ fd`lh laoS|kfud` in d`ks izkIr d`jus d`k vf|d`kj Hh mUgÍ ugÓ gksxk\ lkoZtfud` ukSd`fj;kÍ ds` f¥, lafo|ku ds` vuqPNsn 16 eÍ iznÂk volj d`h lekurk d`k vf|d`kj Hh bUgÍ iznku ugÓ fd`;k tk,xk\

≤n;ukƒ dqq`∑tÔ rƒk ds`\ ,e\ if.Dd`j lfEef¥r ƒs\ vk;ksx us 1955 eÍ Hkjr ljd`kj d`ks viuh fjiksVZ nh\ vk;ksx us jkT;kÍ ds` iquxZBu ds` f¥, Hk"k ds` vk|kj d`ks Lohd`kj fd`;k rƒk blds` vk|kj ij jkT;kÍ ds` fuekZ. d`k lq>ko fn;k\ ew¥ vf|d`kj rRd`k¥hu l®kbl jkT;kÍ ds` Lƒku ij lks¥g jkT; rƒk rhu ds`Unz ækflr ”s(kÍ ·Hkx%3] vuqPNsn 12 ls 35‚ ds` xBu d`k lq>ko fn;k x;k\ bl vk;ksx d`h flœ`kfjækÍ ds` vk|kj ij jkT; iquxZBu ● lafo|ku eÍ ekSf¥d` vf|d`kj%Hkjrh; lafo|ku eÍ Hkjrh; ukxfjd`kÍ ·Hkx-3 eÍ‚ vf|fu;e 1956 cuk;k x;k\

u, jkT;kÍ ds` fuekZ. d`h ^f∂`;k lafo|ku ds` vuqPNsn 3 ds` vuqlkj laln d`ks ;g vf|d`kj ^kIr gS fd` og jkT;kÍ] ftleÍ la? jkT; ”s( Hh lfEef¥r gS] ds ` ”s(kÍ d`ks fe¥kd`j u, jkT;kÍ d`k fuekZ. d`j ld`rh gS\ laln lkekU; cgqer vƒok lkekU; laoS|kfud` ^f∂`;k }kjk u, jkT; d`k fuekZ.] lhek ifjorZu ;k uke cn¥ ld`rh gS] ¥sfd`u blls iwoZ u, jkT; ds` fuekZ. ls lEcfU|r fo|s;d` jkÆV_ifr }kjk vuqefr ^kIr gksuk pkfg,\ jkÆV_ifr lEcfU|r jkT;kÍ d`ks fo|s;d` fopkjkƒZ fHtokrk gS \ jkT; ds` fo|kue≥M¥ fo|s;d` ij fopkj-foeæZ d`jds` vius lq>kokÍ lfgr fu|kZfjr vof| eÍ okil d`j nsrk gS\ lq>kokÍ d`ks ekuuk laln ds` f¥, vko';d` ugha gS\ jkÆV_ifr }kjk fopkj-foeæZ d`h vof| d`ks cÈ
d`ks lkr ekSf¥d` vf|d`kj ^nku fd`, x, vfuok;Z f'k{kk d`k vf|d`kj Fks\ lafo|ku ds` pkSok¥hloÍ lafo|ku la'kks ·vuqPNsn 21A‚ |u (1978) }kjk lEif® ds` ekSf¥d` vf|● la f o|ku ds` 86 oÍ laæks|u vf|fu;e] d`kj d`ks ekSf¥d` vf|d`kjkÍ d`h lwph eÍ ls 2002 ds` }kjk u;k vuqPNsn 21, tksÈMk fud`k¥ fn;k x;k rFkk bls vc ds`o¥ ,d` x;k gS\ blds` }kjk ∏jkT; d`ks Ng ls d`kuwuh vf|d`kj cuk fn;k x;k gS\ orZeku 14 lk¥ rd` ds` lHh cPpkÍ d`ks fu#æqYd` eÍ fuEuf¥f[r N# vf|d`kj ekSf¥d` rƒk vfuok;Z fæ”k mi¥C| d`jkuh gksxh\ vf|d`kj ds` Ôi eÍ ^kIr gß% ;g lEcfU|r jkT; }kjk fu|kZfjr d`kuwu (1) lekurk d`k vf|d`kj\ ds` rgrΩ gksxh\π (2) LorU(rk d`k vf|d`kj\ ● ^k. vkSj nSfgd` Lora(rk d`k laj”. (3) 'kks". ds` fo:* vf|d`kj\ ·vuq\ 21‚%fd`lh O;fDr d`ks mlds` ^k. (4) |kfeZd` LorU(rk d`k vf|d`kj ;k nSfgd` Lora(rk ls fof| }kjk Lƒkfir (5) laLd~`fr rFkk f'k{kk lEcU|h vf|d`kj\ ^f∂`;k ds` vuqlkj gh oafpr fd`;k tk,xk (6) laoS|kfud` mipkjkÍ d`k vf|d`kj\ vU;ƒk ugha\

lekurk d`k vf|d`kj ·vuqPNsn 14 ls 18 rd`‚ ●

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fof| ds` le{k lekurk ·vuqPNsn-14‚ d`k vfH^k; gS \ fof| d`h n~fÆV eÍ lHh O;fDr leku gß rFkk lHh ds` f¥, ,d`leku fof| gS\ fof| d`k leku laj{k. d`k vFkZ gS\ leku ifjfLFkfr;kÍ eÍ lcds` lkFk leku O;ogkj\ |eZ] ew¥oa'k] tkfr] f¥ax ;k tUe LFkku ds` vk|kj ij foHsn d`k ^fr"s| ·vuqPNsn15‚\ ¥ksd` fu;kstu ds` fo"; eÍ volj d`h lekurk ·vuqPNsn-16‚ ^nku d`h xbZ gS] ¥sfd`u fo'ks" oxksÛ d`ks bleÍ vkj{k. nsus d`k ^ko|ku fd`;k x;k gS\ vLi~';rk d`k vUr ·vuqPNsn-17‚\ mikf|;kÍ d`k vUr ·vuqPNsn-18‚

LokraRfl; d`k vf|d`kj ·vuqPNsn 19 ls 22‚ ●

vuqPNsn-19 ^kjEH eÍ 7 LorU(rk,a ^nku d`jrk F k k ] 44oÍ la f o|ku la ' kks | u ds ` i'pkrΩ bud`h la“;k 6 gS\ ;g gß%(1) fopkj vkSj vfHO;fDr d`h LorU(rk] (2) vL('kL( jfgr rFkk 'kkfUriw.Z lEes¥u d`h LorU(rk] (3) leqnk; ,oa la? fuekZ. d`h LorU(rk] (4) Hkjr jkT; {ks( eÍ vck| Hze. d`h LorU(rk] (5) Hkjr jkT; eÍ vck| fuokl d`h LorU(rk] (6) o~f® thfod`k ;k O;olk; d`h LorU(rk] bu LorU(rkvkÍ ij ljd`kj mfpr ^frcU| ¥xk ld`rh gS\ ● ^sl d`h LorU(rk rFkk jkÆV_h; ÷ot œ`gjkuk vuqPNsn-19 ds` vUrxZ r vfHO;fDr rFkk fopkjkÍ d`h LorU(rk ds` vUrxZr vkrk gS\ ● vuqPNsn-20 vijk|kÍ ds` f¥, nks"flf* ds` lEcU| eÍ laj{k. ds` vUrxZr fd`lh O;fDr d`ks rc rd` vijk|h ugÓ Bgjk;k tk ld`rk tc rd` fd` mlus rRd`k¥hu fd`lh d`kuwu d`k mY¥a?u u fd`;k gks\ ,d` vijk| ds` f¥, ds`o¥ ,d` ckj gh n≥M fn;k tk ld`rk gS\ fd`lh O;fDr d`ks vijk| eÍ Lo;a d`ks œ∑`lkus ds` f¥, foo'k ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk\

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1603

dq`N nækvkÍ eÍ fxjŒrkjh vkSj fujks| ls laj”. ·vuq\ 22‚ (1) fxjŒrkj fd`, x, O;fDr d`ks fxjŒrkjh ds` d`kj. ls rqjUr voxr d`jkuk iÈMsxk rƒk mls viuh :fp ds` fof| O;olk;h ls ijkeæZ d`jus ,oa vius cpko d`jus ds` vf|d`kj ls oafpr ugÓ fd`;k tk,xk\ (2) fxjŒrkj fd`, x, O;fDr d`ks fxjŒrkjh ds` Lƒku ls ¥sd`j eftLV_sV ds` U;k;k¥; rd` ds` le; d`ks NksÈMd`j fxjŒrkjh ls pkSchl ?≥Vs d`h vof| eÍ fud`Vre eftLV_sV ds` le” mifLƒr d`juk vko';d` gS\ (3) [≥M (1) rƒk (2) d`h d`ksbZ ckr fd`lh ,sls O;fDr ij ¥kxw ugha gksxh tks% ·d`‚ æ(q nsæ d`k ukxfjd` gS] ;k ·[‚ fuokjd` fujks| d`k mica| d`jus ok¥h fd`lh fof| ds` vUrxZr fxjŒrkj fd`;k x;k gS\ (4) fuokjd` fujks| d`h fof| fd`lh O;fDr d`ks rhu ekl ls vf|d` vof| ds` f¥, fu:* d`jus ds` f¥, l¥kgd`kj cksMZ d`h laLrqfr vko';d` gS\

æks". ds` fo:`* vf|d`kj ·vuqPNsn 23–24‚ (1) ekuo ds` nqO;kZikj vkSj c¥krΩJe ij jksd` ·vuq\ 23‚%ekuo d`k nqO;kZikj vkSj csxkj rƒk blh ^d`kj d`k vU; c¥krΩ Je ^frf"* fd`;k tkrk gS vkSj bl mica| d`k d`ksbZ Hh mY¥a?u vijk| gksxk tks fof| ds` vuqlkj naMuh; gksxk\ bl lEcU| eÍ jkT; d`ksbZ Hh fof| cuk lds`xk rƒk jkT; lkoZtfud` ^;kstukÍ ds` f¥, d`ksbZ Hh vfuok;Z lsok fcuk fd`lh HsnHko ds` vf|jksfir d`j ld`rk gS\ (2) d`kj[kukÍ vkfn eÍ ck¥d`kÍ d`k ^fr"s| ·vuq\ 24‚%pkSng o"Z ls d`e vk;q ds` fd`lh ck¥d` d`ks fd`lh d`kj[kus ;k [ku eÍ d`ke d`jus ds` f¥, fu;ksftr ugha fd`;k tk,xk ;k fd`lh vU; lad`Ve; fu;kstu eÍ ugha ¥xk;k tk,xk\

|kfeZd` LorU(rk ·vuqPNsn 25–28‚ var#d`j. d`h vkSj |eZ ds` vck| Ôi ls ekuus] vkpj. vkSj ^pkj d`jus d`h LorU(rk ·vuq\ 25‚% (1) ¥ks d ` O;oLƒk] lnkpkj vkS j LokLF; d`ks cuk, j[rs gq, lHh O;fDr;kÍ d`ks |eZ d`ks vck| Ôi ls ekuus ,oa ^pkj d`jus d`k leku vf|d`kj gksxk\ (2) jkT; bl lEcU| eÍ ,slh fof| cuk lds`xk tks ·d`‚ |kfeZd` vkpj. ls lEcfU|r fd`lh jktuhfrd` fo®h; ;k vU; ¥kSfd`d` f∂`;kd`¥ki d`k fofu;eu ;k fucZU|u d`jrh gS] ·[‚ lq|kj ,oa lkoZtfud` d`Y;k. ds` f¥, lkoZtfud` ^d`kj d`h fgUnqvkÍ d`h |kfeZd` laLƒkvkÍ d`ks fgUnqvkÍ ds` lHh oxksÛ ds` f¥, [ks¥us d`k mica| d`jrh gS\ ·x‚ Î`ik. |kj. d`juk vkSj ¥sd`j p¥uk fl[ |eZ ds` ekuus d`k vax ekuk tk,xk\ ·?‚ fgUnqvkÍ ds` ^fr funsZæ d`k vƒZ fl[] tSu ;k ckS* |eZ ds` ekuus ok¥kÍ ds` ^fr Hh funsZæ rƒk laLƒkvkÍ ls rkRi;Z Hh bu lHh d`h laLƒkvkÍ ls gS\ |kfeZd` d`k;ksÛ ds` ^cU| d`h Lora(rk ·vuq\ 26 ‚% ¥ksd` O;oLƒk] lnkpkj ,oa LokLF; d`ks ÷;ku eÍ j[rs gq,] ^R;sd` |kfeZd` lE^nk; ;k mlds` fd`lh vuqHkx d`ks% (1) |kfeZd` vkSj iwtk ^;kstukÍ ds` f¥, laLƒkvkÍ d`h Lƒkiuk vkSj iks". d`k] (2) vius |eZ-lEcfU|r d`k;ksÛ d`k ^cU| d`jus d`k (3) p¥ vkSj vp¥ lEif® ds` vtZu vkSj LokfeRo d`k] rƒk (4) ,slh lEif® d`k fof| ds` vuqlkj ^æklu d`jus d`k vf|d`kj gksxk\ |eZ d`h vfHo~f* ds` f¥, d`jkÍ ds` lank; ds` ckjs eÍ LorU(rk ·vuq\ 27‚% fd`lh Hh O;fDr d`ks ,sls d`jkÍ d`k lank; d`jus ds` f¥, ck÷; ugha fd`;k tk,xk tks fd`lh fofæÆV |eZ d`h vfHo~f* ds` f¥, fofu;ksftr fd`, tkrs gß\ dq`N fæ”k laLƒkvkÍ eÍ |kfeZd` fæ”k ;k |kfeZd` mikluk eÍ mifLƒr gksus ds` fo"; eÍ LorU(rk ·vuq\ 28‚% (1) jkT;-fuf| ls iw.Zr# iksf"r fd`lh fæ”k laLƒk eÍ d`ksbZ |kfeZd` fæ”k ugha nh tk,xh\

(2) mi;qZDr ^ko|ku ml fæ”k laLƒk eÍ ¥kxw ugha gksxk ftld`k ^æklu jkT; d`jrk gS] ¥sfd`u og fd`lh ,sls U;kl ;k foU;kl ds` v|hu Lƒkfir gqbZ gS ftlds` vuqlkj ml laLƒk eÍ |kfeZd` fæ”k nsuk vfuok;Z gS\ (3) jkT; ls ekU;rk ^kIr ;k jkT;fuf| ls lgk;rk ^kIr fæ”k laLƒk eÍ gksus ok¥h mikluk eÍ fd`lh Hh O;fDr d`ks Hkx ¥sus ds` f¥, ck÷; ugha fd`;k tk ld`rk\

laLÎ`fr vkSj fæ”k lEcU|h vf|d`kj ·vuqPNsn 29–30‚ vYila“;d`kÍ ds` fgrkÍ d`k laj”. ·vuq\ 29‚% (1) Hkjr ds` jkT; ”s( ds` fuoklh ukxfjd`kÍ ds` fd`lh vuqHkx d`ks] ftld`h viuh f¥fi] laLÎ`fr ;k Hk"k gS] mls cuk, j[us d`k vf|d`kj gksxk\ (2) jkT;-fuf| ls lgk;rk ^kIr ;k jkT; }kjk iksf"r fd`lh fæ”k laLƒk eÍ fd`lh Hh ukxfjd` d`ks ds`o¥ tkfr] Hk"k] ew¥oaæ ;k |eZ ds` vk|kj ij ^osæ ls oafpr ugha fd`;k tk,xk\ fæ”k laLƒkvkÍ d`h Lƒkiuk vkSj ^æklu d`jus d`k vYila“;d`-oxksÛ d`k vf|d`kj ·vuq\ 30‚% (1) |eZ ;k Hk"k ds` vk|kj ij lHh vYila“;d` oxksÛ d`ks viuh :fp d`h fæ”k laLƒk,a Lƒkfir d`jus ,oa mud`k ^æklu d`jus d`k vf|d`kj gS\ (2) jkT; ,slh laLƒkvkÍ d`h lEif® d`ks vfuok;Z Ôi ls vftZr d`jrs le; ;g ÷;ku j[sxk fd` laLƒk d`ks bruh jd`e fe¥ tkuh pkfg, fd` mlds` fgr cus jgÍ\ (3) jkT; fæ”k laLƒkvkÍ d`ks ljd`kjh lgk;rk nsus eÍ bl ^d`kj d`h fæ”k laLƒkvkÍ eÍ rƒk vU; fæ”k laLƒkvkÍ eÍ d`ksbZ HsnHko ugha d`jsxk\

lkafo|kfud` mipkjkÍ d`k vf|d`kj ·vuqPNsn 32–35‚ ekSf¥d` vf|d`kjkÍ d`ks ^ofrZr d`jus ds` f¥, mipkj ·vuq\ 32‚% (1) bl Hkx }kjk ^nku fd`, x, vf|d`kjkÍ d`ks ^ofrZr d`jkus ds` f¥, leqfpr d`k;Zokfg;kÍ }kjk mPpre U;k;k¥; eÍ lekosnu d`jus d`k vf|d`kj gS\ (2) mPpre U;k;k¥; d`ks bu vf|d`kjkÍ ds` ^orZu ds` f¥, ,sls vknsæ ;k fjV] tSls%canh ^R;”hd`j.] ijeknsæ] ^fr"s|] vf|d`kj i~PNk vkSj mR^s". fjV fud`k¥us d`k vf|d`kj gS\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1604

(3) laln mPpre U;k;k¥; ds` vf|d`kj d`ks cuk, j[rs gq, mi;ZqDr vf|d`kj fd`lh ”s(h; ;k Lƒkuh; U;k;k¥; d`ks Lƒkuh; lhekvkÍ ds` Hhrj ^nku d`j ld`rh gS\

tc fd`lh ”s( eÍ ekæZ¥ ¥kW ¥kxw gks rc bl Hkx }kjk ^n® vf|d`kjkÍ ij cU|u ·vuq\ 34‚%laln ,sls ”s( eÍ lsuk fof| ds` v|hu ikfjr n≥Mknsæ fn, x, n≥M ;k vU; d`k;Z d`ks fof|ekU; d`j lds`xh\

ijekf|d`kj fjVÍ ml O;fâ` ds` vkosnu ij ftlds` vf|d`kjkÍ d`k mY¥a?u gqvk gS] U;k;ikf¥d`k jkT; ds` fd`lh ^kf|d`kjh d`ks ,sls vf|d`kjkÍ ds` ^oÆVrk ds` f¥, ijekf|d`kj fjVÍ%canh ^R;”hd`j.] ijeknsæ] ^fr"s|] mR^s".] vf|d`kj i~PNk vkfn fjVÍ tkjh d`j ld`rk gS\ bl ^d`kj d`h fLƒfr eÍ loksZPp U;k;k¥; ·vuq\ 32 ds` rgrΩ‚ vkSj jkT;kÍ ds` mPp U;k;k¥; ·vuq\ 226‚ ds` rgrΩ fuEukafd`r ik∑p ^d`kj ds` ¥s[ (Writs) tkjh d`j ld`rs gß% (i) cUnh ^R;”hd`j. (Habeas Corpus)%;g ¥s[ oS;fâ`d` Lora(rk d`k vk|kj ekuk tkrk gS\ blds` }kjk U;k;k¥; cUnh cuk, x, O;fâ` d`ks vius le” mifLƒr d`jus d`k vknsæ nsrk gS] rkfd` ;g lqfuf'pr fd`;k tk lds` fd` mls cUnh cukus ds` leqfpr d`kj. gß vƒok ugha vkSj ;fn leqfpr d`kj. ugha gß] rks U;k;k¥; mls fjgk d`jus d`k vknsæ ns ld`rk gS\ (ii) ijeknsæ (Mandamus)%;g ¥s[ U;k;k¥; }kjk rc tkjh fd`;k tkrk gS tc d`ksbZ lkoZtfud` ;k v*Z-lkoZtfud` oS|kfud` ^kf|d`kjh }kjk vius lkoZtfud` d`rZO;kÍ d`k fuokZg u fd`;k tk jgk gks\ bl ^d`kj d`k vknsæ u ds`o¥ O;fâ`;kÍ ,oa laLƒkvkÍ ojuΩ ljd`kj vkSj uhps ds` U;k;k¥;kÍ ds` fo:* Hh tkjh fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ (iii) ^fr"s| (Prohibition)%^fr"s| ,d` ^d`kj d`k vknsæ gS tks mPpre ;k mPp U;k;k¥; }kjk vius v|huLƒ U;k;k¥; d`ks tkjh fd`;k tkrk gS\ blds` rgrΩ v|huLƒ U;k;k¥; d`ks mu d`k;ksÛ d`ks d`jus gsrq ^frcaf|r fd`;k tkrk gS] tks mlds` ”s(kf|d`kj ds` ckgj gS\ (iv) mR^s " . (Certiorari)%mR^s". d`k ¥s[ Hh mPpre ;k mPp U;k;k¥; }kjk U;kf;d` ;k v|ZU;kf;d` (Quasi-Judicial) ^kf|d`kjh ds` fo:* tkjh fd`;k tkrk gS tks vius ”s(kf|d`kj d`k mY¥a?u d`j jgk gks\ ^fr"s| ,oa mR^s". ds` ¥s[ eÍ eq“; vUrj ;g gS fd` tgk∑ ^fr"s| d`k ¥s[ ml le; tkjh fd`;k tkrk gS tc U;kf;d` ^f∂`;k p¥ jgh gks] tcfd` mR^s". d`k ¥s[ ml le; tkjh fd`;k tkrk gS tc fd`lh eke¥s eÍ fu.Z; fn;k tk pqd`k gS\ (v) vf|d`kj-i~PNk (Quo-Warranto) %;g ¥s[ U;k;k¥; }kjk ml lkoZtfud` ^kf|d`kjh ds ` fo:* tkjh fd`;k tkrk gS ftlds` ckjs eÍ ;g laæ; gks fd` mlus d`ksbZ lkoZtfud` in voS|kfud` Ôi ls xzg. d`j f¥;k gS vkSj ;fn U;k;k¥; bl fuÆd`"Z ij igq∑prk gS fd` mld`k nkok iw.Zr;k voS|kfud` gS] rks mls vinLƒ d`j nsrk gS\ ærZ ;g gS fd` lEcfU|r in lkoZtfud` (Public) gksuk pkfg, vkSj lafo|ku ;k fof| }kjk l~ftr (Created) gksuk pkfg,\ vuqPNsn 32 ds` v|hu mi;qZâ` d`k;Zokgh ds`o¥ rHh d`h tk ld`rh gS tc Hkx%3 eÍ of.Zr ekSf¥d` vf|d`kj d`k mY¥a?u gksrk gS vU;ƒk ugÓ\ lkafo|kfud` mipkj] D;kÍfd` ,d` ekSf¥d` vf|d`kj gS blf¥, U;k;k¥; bu vf|d`kjkÍ ds` mY¥a?u ds` fo:* laj”. ^kIr d`jus ds` f¥, fn, x, vkosnukÍ d`ks xzg. d`jus ls bud`kj ugha d`j ld`rk\ MkW\ vEcsMd`j us bls lafo|ku d`k egRoiw.Z vax ekuk gS\ muds` vuqlkj ;g ‘lafo|ku d`k ≤n; ,oa vkRek gS\’

bl Hkx }kjk ^n® vf|d`kjkÍ d`ks] c¥kÍ vkfn d`ks ¥kxw gksus eÍ ifjorZu d`jus d`h laln d`h æfDr ·vuq\ 33‚% laln fof| }kjk (1) læL( c¥kÍ ds` lnL;kÍ d`ks ;k (2) ¥ksd` O;oLƒk cuk, j[us ok¥s c¥kÍ ds` lnL;kÍ ;k (3) jkT; }kjk Lƒkfir b≥VS¥htsUl C;wjks ;k vU; laxBukÍ eÍ fu;ksftr lnL;kÍ d`ks ;k (4) mi;qZDr ^;kstukÍ ds` f¥, Lƒkfir nwj lapkj ^.k¥h eÍ ;k mlls lEcfU|r fu;ksftr O;fDr;kÍ d`h bu vf|d`kjkÍ d`ks ¥kxw gksus eÍ lhek,a fu|kZfjr d`j ld`rh gS ftlls ;g d`k;Z fuckZ| Ôi ls lqfuf'pr Ôi ls gksrk jgs\

jkT; ds` uhfr funs'kd` rRo ·Hkx%4] vuqPNsn 36–51 ‚ bleÍ vUrfoZÆV mica| fd`lh U;k;k¥; }kjk ¥kxw ugha gkÍxs] ¥sfd`u fœ`j Hh ;g nsæ ds` æklu ds` vk|kj gß rƒk fof| cukus eÍ bu rRokÍ d`ks ¥kxw d`juk jkT; d`k d`rZO; gksxk\ ·vuq\ 37‚ (1) jkT; ¥ksd` d`Y;k. d`h vfHo~f* ds` f¥, lkekftd` O;oLƒk cuk,xk\ ·vuq\ 38‚ (2) jkT; fofæÆVr;k vk; d`h vlekurkvkÍ d`ks d`e d`jus rƒk fofHUu O;olk;kÍ eÍ ¥xs ¥ksxkÍ ds` e÷; ^frÆBk] lqfo|kvkÍ rƒk volj d`h vlekurkvkÍ d`ks lekIr d`jus d`k ^;kl d`jsxk\

(3) jkT; L(h rƒk iq:"] lHh ukxfjd`kÍ d`ks leku Ôi ls vkthfod`k ds` i;kZIr lk|u tqVk,xk\ (4) leqnk; ds` HkSfrd` lalk|ukÍ d`k fu;U(. jkT; bl ^d`kj d`js fd` og lkewfgd` fgr d`k loksZ®e Ôi ls lk|u gkÍ\ (5) jkT; ;g ^;kl d`jsxk fd` mRiknu ds` lk|u rƒk |u d`k vfgrd`kjh lads`Unz. u gks] (6) jkT; ,slh O;oLƒk d`jsxk ftlds` vUrxZr iq:" rƒk fL(;kÍ d`ks leku d`k;Z ds` f¥, leku osru fe¥uk pkfg,\ (7) jkT; bl ^d`kj d`k ^cU| d`js fd` d`eZd`kjkÍ ,oa ck¥d`kÍ ds` LokLF; ,oa æfDr d`k nq:i;ksx u gks\ (8) ck¥d`kÍ ds` LorU( ,oa xfjeke; okrkoj. eÍ LoLƒ fod`kl ds` volj ,oa lqfo|k,a nh tk,a rƒk mud`h uSfrd`] vkfƒZd` æks". ls j”k d`h tk,\ ·vuq\ 39‚ (9) lHh d`ks leku U;k; vkSj fu#æqYd` fof|d` lgk;rk ^kIr gks\ ·vuq\ 39 d`‚ (10) xzke iapk;rkÍ d`k xBu gksuk pkfg,\ ftlls Lok;® æklu etcwr gks lds`\ ·vuq\ 40‚ (11) jkT;] d`ke rƒk fæ”k ikus ds` rƒk csjkstxkjh] cqÈ
vuqPNsn 45 eÍ laæks|u 86oÍ lafo|ku laæks|u vf|fu;e 2002 }kjk vuqPNsn 45 eÍ laæks|u fd`;k x;k gS\ ftleÍ Ng lk¥ ls d`e mez ds` cPpkÍ d`h æqÔvkrh ns[Hk¥ vkSj mud`h fæ”k d`h O;oLƒk d`h xbZ gS\ vuqPNsn 45 : ∏jkT; d`ks lHh cPpkÍ d`ks rc rd` ds` f¥, æqÔvkrh ns[Hk¥ vkSj fæ”k d`h O;oLƒk d`jus ds` f¥, ^;kl d`juk gksxk tc rd` og Ng lk¥ d`h vk;q d`k ugÓ gks tkrk gS\π

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1605

(17) jkT;] vuqlwfpr tkfr;kÍ] vuq lwfpr tutkfr;kÍ vkSj vU; nqcZ¥ oxksÛ ds` fæ”k vkSj vƒZ lEcU|h fgrkÍ d`h vfHo~f* ds` f¥, ^;kl d`jsxk\ ·vuq\ 46‚ (18) jkT; ukxfjd`kÍ ds` iks"kgkj Lrj vkSj thou Lrj d`ks ˜∑pk d`jus rƒk ¥ksd` LokLF; d`ks lq|kjus ds` f¥, ^;kl d`jsxk\ ·vuq\ 47‚ (19) jkT; Î`f" vkSj iæqik¥u d`ks vk|qfud` vkSj oSKkfud`
ekSf¥d` d`rZO; 1.

2.

3. 4. 5.

6.

7. 8. 9. 10.

11.

ekSf¥d` d`rZO; ·Hkx%4d`] vuqPNsn 51d`‚ Hkjr ds` ew¥ lafo|ku eÍ] tks 26 tuojh] 1950 d`ks ¥kxw gqvk] ds`o¥ ew¥ vf|d`kjkÍ d`ks gh lfEef¥r fd`;k x;k ƒk\ ekSf¥d` d`rZO; ^kjEH eÍ lafo|ku eÍ mfY¥f[r ugha ƒs\ 42oÍ laæks|u vf|fu;e 1976 }kjk vuqPNsn 51 d`] Hkx 4 eÍ tksÈMk x;k ftleÍ nl ekSf¥d` d`rZO;kÍ d`k mY¥s[ fd`;k x;k\ 86oÍ lafo|ku laæks|u vf|fu;e 2002 }kjk ,d` ekSf¥d` d`rZO; d`h vkSj o~f* d`j nh xbZ gS\ lHh ekSf¥d` d`rZO; ckWDl eÍ ^nfæZr gß%

ekSf¥d` d`rZO;kÍ d`h laLrqfr vf[¥ Hkjrh; d`kaxzsl lfefr us 29 ebZ] 1976 d`ks ubZ fnY¥h eÍ viuh cSBd` eÍ lafo|ku eÍ tks ,sfrgkfld` d`eh ·ew¥ d`rZO;‚ jg xbZ gS ml lEcU| eÍ ,d` ^Lrko ds` ek÷;e ls d`kaxzsl ikVhZ v÷;” }kjk lkafo|kfud` lq|kj ij xfBr ljnkj Lo.Z flag lfefr ls viuh jk; nsus ds` f¥, d`gk\ bl lfefr us lafo|ku eÍ vkB ew¥ d`rZO;kÍ d`ks lekosæ d`jus d`h laLrqfr d`h] ftlds` vk|kj ij c;k¥hloÍ lafo|ku laæks|u vf|fu;e 1976 }kjk lafo|ku eÍ nl ew¥ d`rZO; tksÈMs x,\

^R;sd` ukxfjd` d`k ;g d`rZO; gksxk fd` og lafo|ku d`k ik¥u d`js vkSj mlds` vknæksÛ] laLƒkvkÍ] jkÆV_-÷ot vkSj jkÆV_xku d`k vknj d`js\ LorU(rk ds` f¥, gekjs jkÆV_h; vkUnks¥u d`ks ^sfjr d`jus ok¥s mPp vknæksÛ d`ks ≤n; eÍ latks, j[s vkSj mud`k ik¥u d`js\ Hkjr d`h ^Hqrk ,d`rk vkSj v[≥Mrk d`h j”k d`js vkSj mls v”q≥. j[s\ nsæ d`h j”k d`js\ Hkjr ds` lHh ¥ksxkÍ eÍ lejlrk vkSj leku Hzkr~Ro d`h Hkouk d`k fuekZ. d`js\ gekjh lkekftd` laLÎ`fr d`h xkSjoæk¥h ijEijk d`k egRo le rel="nofollow">s vkSj mld`k ifjj”. d`js\ ^kÎ`frd` i;kZoj. d`h j”k vkSj mld`k lao|Zu d`js\ oSKkfud` n~fÆVd`ks. vkSj KkuktZu d`h Hkouk d`k fod`kl d`js\ lkoZtfud` lEif® d`ks lqjf”r j[s\ O;fâ`xr vkSj lkewfgd` xfrfof|;kÍ ds` lHh ”s(kÍ eÍ mRd`"Z d`h vksj cÈ<us d`k lrrΩ ^;kl d`js\ 6–14 o"Z d`h vk;q ds` cPpkÍ ds` ekrk-firk ;k vfHHkod` ;k laj”d` d`ks vius cPps d`ks fæ”k fn¥kus d`k volj mi¥C| d`jkuk pkfg,\

la? d`k;Zikf¥d`k ·Hkx%5] vuqPNsn

52–151‚

jkÆV_ifr Hkjr d`k ,d` jkÆV_ifr gksxk\ ·vuq\ ftleÍ la? d`h d`k;Zikf¥d`k d`h æfDr fufgr gksxh vkSj og bld`k ^;ksx lafo|ku ds` vuqlkj Lo;a vƒok vius v|huLƒ vf|d`kfj;kÍ ds` }kjk d`jsxk\ ·vuq\ 53‚ jkÆV_ifr d`h fu;qfDr fuokZpu }kjk gksrh gS\ ;g fuokZpu ,d` fuokZpd` e≥M¥ }kjk gksrk gS ftlds` lnL;% ·d`‚ laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ ds` fuokZfpr lnL; rƒk ·[‚ jkT;kÍ d`h fo|ku lHkvkÍ ds` fuokZfpr lnL; gksrs gß\ ·vuq\ 54‚ ebZ 1992 eÍ 70oÍ lafo|ku laæks|u }kjk ikafMpsjh rƒk fnY¥h d`h fo|ku lHkvkÍ d`ks Hh bl fuokZpd` e≥M¥ eÍ lfEef¥r fd`;k x;k gS\ pquko d`h ^f∂`;k%fHUu-fHUu jkT;kÍ ds` ^frfuf|Ro ds` ekieku eÍ ,d`Ôirk rƒk jkT;kÍ vkSj la? eÍ lerqY;rk ^kIr d`jkus ds` f¥, laln vkSj ^R;sd` jkT; d`h

52‚

fo|ku lHk ds` lnL; ds` er d`k ewY; fuEuf¥f[r fof| ls fud`k¥k tkrk gS% (1) ,d` fuokZfpr ,e\ ,¥\ ,\ ds` er d`k ewY; jkT; d`h tula“;k = ÷ 1000 jkT; fo|ku lHk ds` dq`¥ fuokZfpr lnL;kÍ d`h la“;k ;fn æs" 500 ls vf|d` gks rks erkÍ d`h la“;k eÍ ,d` tksÈM fn;k tkrk gS\ (2) ,d` laln lnL; ds` er d`k ewY;% jkT;kÍ d`h fo|ku lHk ds` lnL;kÍ ds` f¥, fu;r dq`¥ erkÍ d`h la“;k = laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ ds` fuokZfpr lnL;kÍ d`h la“;k ;fn vk|s ls vf|d` fHUu vk, rks mls ,d` fxuk tkrk gS\ (3) jkÆV_ifr d`k pquko vkuqikfrd` ^frfuf|Ro ^.k¥h ds` vuqlkj ,d`¥ la∂`e.h; er }kjk xqIr ernku jhfr ls gksrk gS\ ·vuq\ 55) lHh ernkrkvkÍ d`ks er-i( ij viuh ^kƒfed`rk,a 1, 2, 3 … nsuh gksrh gß\ pquko eÍ fot;h gksus ds` f¥, ^R;sd` mEehnokj d`ks d`e-ls-d`e ,d` fuf'pr la“;k eÍ er ^kIr d`juk vfuok;Z gksrk gS\ bl fuf'pr la“;k d`ks fu|kZfjr d`ksVk d`gk tkrk gS\ ;g d`ksVk oS| erkÍ d`k LiÆV cgqer gksrk gS vƒkZrΩ vk|s ls vf|d` er gksus pkfg,\ erx.uk ds` ^ƒe p∂` eÍ ^ƒe ^kƒfed`rkvkÍ d`h fxurh d`h tkrh gS vkSj ;fn bl eÍ gh fd`lh mEehnokj d`ks fu|kZfjr d`ksVk ^kIr gks tkrk gS] rks mls fot;h ?ksf"r d`j fn;k tkrk gS\ ;fn ^ƒe p∂` eÍ fu|kZfjr d`ksVk fd`lh d`ks Hh ^kIr ugha gksrk rks f}rh; p∂`] r~rh; p∂` vƒkZrΩ tc rd` fu|kZfjr d`ksVs ds` er ugha fe¥ tkrs erx.uk tkjh jgrh gS\ f}rh; p∂` eÍ f}rh; ^kƒfed`rkvkÍ d`ks fxuk tkrk gS rƒk ftl mEehnokj ds` lcls d`e er gksrs gß rƒk ftlds` thrus ds` volj ux≥; gksrs gß mlds` er nwljs mEehnokjkÍ d`ks gLrkarfjr d`j fn, tkrs gß\ fd`lh mEehnokj d`ks fu|kZfjr d`ksVk fe¥ tkus ij erx.uk lekIr d`j nh tkrh gS\ d`k;Zd`k¥%jkÆV_ifr d`k d`k;Zd`k¥ ik∑p o"Z gksrk gS\ jkÆV_ifr mijkÆV_ifr d`ks viuk R;kxi( ns ld`rk gS\ tc rd` u;k jkÆV_ifr pquk tkrk gS] iqjkuk jkÆV_ifr rc rd` d`k;Z d`jrk jgrk gS ·vf|d`re fd`ruh ckj ,d` O;fDr jkÆV_ifr pquk tk izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1606

ld`rk gS ;k ,d` O;fDr d`k vf|d`re d`k;Zd`k¥ fd`ruk gksuk pkfg, bl fo"; eÍ lafo|ku ekSu gS\‚\ ·vuq\ 56‚ d`ksbZ O;fDr jkÆV_ifr fuokZfpr gks pqd`k gS og iqu# jkÆV_ifr fuokZfpr gksus ds` f¥, ik( gksxk\ ·vuq\ 57‚

egkfH;ksx%

(1) la f o|ku ds ` vfr∂`e. ds ` f¥, jkÆV_ifr ij egkfH;ksx p¥k;k tk ld`rk gS\ (2) laln ds` fd`lh Hh lnu%jkT; lHk ;k ¥ksd` lHk eÍ ml lnu ds` ,d` pkSƒkbZ (1/4) lnL; pkSng fnu d`h iwoZ lwpuk ds` lkƒ lad`Yi ^Lrkfor d`jus d`k vkæ; ^d`V d`jÍ\ jkÆV_ifr fuokZfpr gksus ds` f¥, (3) ;g lad`Yi ml lnu d`h dq`¥ la“;k ;ksX;rk,a% ds` d`e-ls-d`e nks-frgkbZ cgqer ls ikfjr gksuk 1. d`ksbZ Hh O;fDr jkÆV_ifr fuokZfpr gksus pkfg,\ ds` f¥, rHh ;ksX; gksxk tc og (4) laln d`k nwljk lnu bl vkjksi d`k vUos". d`jsxk\ bl tk∑p eÍ jkÆV_ifr d`ks (1) Hkjr d`k ukxfjd` gks\ mifLƒr gksus rƒk viuk ^frfuf|Ro d`jkus d`k (2) ißrhl o"Z d`h vk;q iwjh d`j pqd`k gks] vf|d`kj gksxk\ vkSj (5) ;fn jkÆV_ifr ij ¥xk, x, vkjksi (3) ¥ksd `lHk d`k lnL; fuokZfpr gksus fl* gks tkrs gß rƒk tk∑p d`jus ok¥s lnu ds` ds` f¥, vfgZr gks\ }kjk dq`¥ la“;k ds` d`e-ls-d`e nks-frgkbZ 2. d`ksbZ O;fDr ;fn ljd`kj ds` v|hu cgqer }kjk ikfjr d`j fn;k tkrk gS] rks ¥kH d`k in |kj. d`jrk gS rks og jkÆV_ifr jkÆV_ifr d`ks lad`Yi ikfjr fd`, tkus d`h frfFk fuokZfpr gksus d`k ik( ugha gksxk\ bleÍ jkT; ls mlds` in ls gVkuk gksxk\ ·vuq\ 61‚ d`k jkT;ik¥] jkÆV_ifr] mijkÆV_ifr rƒk ea(h] jkÆV_ifr ds` in eÍ fjfDr Hjus ds` f¥, ¥kH d`k in|kj. d`jus ok¥kÍ eÍ ugha gß\ ·vuq\ 58‚ fuokZpu d`k le; rƒk vkd`fLed` fjfDr

jkÆV_ifr in ds` f¥, ærsÛ% (1) jkÆV_ifr

fd`lh Hh fo|kue≥M¥ ;k laln ds` fd`lh Hh lnu d`k lnL; ugha gksxk\ ;fn d`ksbZ bl ^d`kj d`k lnL; jkÆV_ifr gks tkrk gS rks mls lnL;rk R;kxuh gksxh\ (2) jkÆV_ifr vU; d`ksbZ ¥kH d`k in |kj. ugha d`jsxk\ (3) jkÆV_ifr laln d`h fof| }kjk fu|kZfjr mi¥fC|;kÍ ,oa osru H®kÍ d`k gd`nkj gksxk rƒk fcuk fd`jk;k fn, ækld`h; vkokl d`k mi;ksx d`jsxk\ (4) jkÆV_ifr d`h mi¥fC|;k∑ vkSj H®s mld`h inkof| ds` le; d`e ugha fd`, tk,axs\ ·vuq\ 59‚

jkÆV_ifr in ij fuokZfpr O;fDr in xzg. d`jus ls ig¥s Hkjr ds` eq“; U;k;ewfrZ ;k mld`h vuqifLƒfr eÍ mPpre U;k;k¥; ds` mi¥C| T;sÆBre U;k;k|hæ ds` le” fuEuf¥f[r ^kÔi eÍ æiƒ ¥sxk rƒk ml ij gLrk”j d`jsxk\ bZ'oj d`h æiƒ ¥srk gw∑ eß veqd`\\\\ lR; fuÆBk ls ^frKku d`jrk gw∑ fd` eß Hkjr ds` jkÆV_ifr ds` in d`k d`k;Zik¥u ·vƒok jkÆV_ifr ds` Î`R;kÍ d`k fuoZgu‚ d`Ô∑xk rƒk viuh iwjh ;ksX;rk ls lafo|ku vkSj fof| d`k ifjj”.] laj”. vkSj ^frj”. d`Ô∑xk vkSj eß Hkjr d`h turk d`h lsok vkSj d`Y;k. eÍ fujr jgw∑xk\π ·vuq\ 60‚

d`ks Hjus ds` f¥, fuokZfpr O;fDr d`h inkof|%

(1) jkÆV_ifr in ij inklhu jkÆV_ifr d`h inkof| iw.Z gksus ls iwoZ gh fuokZpu d`j f¥;k tkrk gS\ (2) ;fn jkÆV_ifr d`k in vkd`fLed` Ôi ls inkof| iw.Z gksus ls iwoZ fjDr gks tkrk gS rks N# ekl ds` vUnj uo jkÆV_ifr d`k fuokZpu d`j f¥;k tk,xk rƒk mld`k d`k;Zd`k¥ in xzg. d`jus d`h frfƒ ls iwjs ik∑p o"Z ds` f¥, gksxk\ ·vuq\ 62‚ 11 oÍ jkÆV_ifr ds` pquko ds` iwoZ ,d` v÷;knsæ }kjk jkÆV_ifr in ds` mEehnokj d`ks 50 ^Lrkod` o 50 leƒZd`kÍ }kjk ^Lrko ij gLrk”j d`jkuk vko';d` d`j fn;k x;k ƒk rƒk tekur d`h jkfæ Hh 15,000 :i, d`j nh xbZ ƒh\ ;g v÷;knsæ blf¥, tkjh fd`;k x;k ƒk fd` ds`o¥ xEHhjrk ls gh d`ksbZ O;fâ` loksZPp in ds` f¥, mEehnokj cu lds`\

^ƒe jkÆV_ifr d`k fuokZpu lafo|ku lHk d`h 24 tuojh] 1950 d`h cSBd` eÍ MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn d`ks fufoZjks| Hkjr d`k ^ƒe jkÆV_ifr pqu f¥;k x;k\ MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn us 26 tuojh] 1950 d`ks Hkjrh; x.rU( ds` ^ƒe jkÆV_ifr ds` Ôi eÍ in Hkj l∑Hk¥k\ jkÆV_ifr in ds` f¥, lafo|ku ds` v|hu fof|orΩ pquko ebZ 1952 eÍ gq, ftleÍ MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn fot;h gq,\ jkÆV_ifr ds` fof|orΩ f}rh; fuokZpu eÍ Hh MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn iqu# fuokZfpr gks x,\ bl ^d`kj MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn 26 tuojh] 1950 ls 13 ebZ] 1962 rd` jkÆV_ifr in ij jgs\

jkÆV_ifr ·Lej.h; rF;‚ ●

● ●

●

MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn Hkjr ds` ^ƒe jkÆV_ifr ƒs\ ;g ¥xkrkj nks ckj jkÆV_ifr fuokZfpr gq,\ MkW\ ,l\ jk|kÎ`Æ.u ¥xkrkj nks ckj mijkÆV_ifr rƒk ,d` ckj jkÆV_ifr jgs\ ds`o¥ oh\ oh\ fxfj ds` fuokZpu ds` le; nwljs p∂` d`h erx.uk d`juh iÈMh\ vHh rd` nwljs p∂` d`h x.uk ls fxfj gh jkÆV_ifr fuokZfpr gq, gß\ Jh oh\ oh\ fxfj gh ,sls jkÆV_ifr fuokZfpr gq, ƒs ftUgkÍus d`kaxzsl d`k LiÆV cgqer gksrs gq, Hh funZ¥h; mEehnokj ds` Ôi eÍ pquko eÍ lœ`¥rk ^kIr d`h\ ds`o¥ uh¥e latho jsMΩMh ,sls jkÆV_ifr gq, tks ,d` ckj pquko eÍ ijkftr gq, rƒk ckn eÍ fufoZjks| fuokZfpr gq,\ MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn] œ`[:ˆhu v¥h vgen] uh¥e latho jsMΩMh] Kkuh tS¥flag rFkk MkW\ ,\ih\ts\ vCnq¥ d`¥ke d`ks NksÈMd`j vU; lHh jkÆV_ifr iwoZ eÍ mijkÆV_ifr ds` in ij jgs gß\ Jh ukjk;.u Hkjr ds` ^ƒe jkÆV_ifr gß tks nf¥r oxZ ds` gß\ MkW\ ,\ ih\ ts\ vCnq¥ d`¥ke Hkjr ds` izFke ,sls jkÆV_ifr gß tks oSKkfud` gß vkSj vfookfgr gß\ izfrHk ikfV¥ Hkjr d`h izFke efg¥k jkÆV_ifr gß\

(8) ds`Unz ækflr ^nsækÍ (9) Hkjr ds` fonsækÍ

ds` ^ækld`\ ls lEcfU|r vf|d`kjkÍ d`k fooj. fuEueÍ jktnwr rƒk f¥f[r gS%

mPpk;qâ`\ (10) t¥ ^nk; ls lEcfU|r (11) fo® vk;ksx\ (12) la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx\ (13) jkT;kÍ ds` lewgkÍ ds`

vk;ksx\

f¥, la;qâ`

vk;ksx\ (14) eq“; fuokZpu vk;qâ` rƒk fuokZpu vk;ksx ds` vU; lnL;\ (15) vuqlwfpr tkfr rƒk vuqlwfpr tutkfr;kÍ ds` f¥, foæs" vf|d`kjh\ (16) vuqlwfpr ”s(kÍ ds` ^æklu ij ^frosnu nsus ds` f¥, vk;ksx\ (17) fiNÈMs oxksÛ d`k v÷;;u d`jus ds` f¥, vk;ksx\ (18) jktHk"k vk;ksx\ (19) Hk"kbZ vYila“;d` vk;ksx\

·d`‚ laln fo?Vu%

d`k l(kolku rƒk

(1) laln ds` lnukÍ ds` vf|osæu cq¥kuk rƒk mud`k l(kolku d`juk\ (2) ¥ksd` lHk d`k fo?Vu d`juk\ (3) jkT; lHk rƒk ¥ksd` lHk eÍ xfrjks| mRiUu gks tkus ij laln d`k la;qâ` vf|osæu cq¥kuk\

·[‚ jkÆV_ifr d`k vfHHk". rƒk lansæ Hstuk%

(1) ¥ksd` lHk ds` ^R;sd` lk|kj. fuokZpu ds` i'pkrΩ gksus ok¥s ^ƒe vf|osæu ds` ^kjEH eÍ rƒk ^R;sd` o"Z laln ds` ^ƒe l( ds` ^kjEH eÍ jkÆV_ifr vfHHk". d`jrk gS rƒk ● l( cq¥kus d`k mˆs'; crkrk gS\ (2) blds` vfrfjâ` jkÆV_ifr d`Hh Hh laln ds` fd`lh ,d` lnu eÍ vƒok nksukÍ jkÆV_ifr d`ks fuEuf¥f[r inkf|- lnukÍ ds` la;qâ` vf|osæu d`ks vfHHk". d`j ● d`kfj;kÍ d`ks gVkus d`h æfâ` Hh ^kIr gS% ld`rk gS rƒk lnL;kÍ d`h mifLƒfr d`h vis”k d`j ld`rk gS\ (1) ea(h d`ks O;fâ`xr Ôi ls\ ● (3) jkÆV_ifr fd`lh Hh lnu eÍ ¥fEcr (2) Hkjr d`k egkU;k;oknh\ fd`lh fo|s;d` ds` lEcU| eÍ vƒok fd`lh vU; (3) jkT; d`k jkT;ik¥\ fo"; ds` lEcU| eÍ lansæ Hst ld`rk gS\ lnu ● bl ^d`kj ds` lansæ ij lqfo|kuqlkj æh?zrk ls (4) ds`Unz ækflr ^nsæ d`k ^ækld`\ fopkj d`jrk gS\ (5) mPp U;k;k¥; ds` ^frosnu ij] la? (4) jkÆV_ifr d`ks fo|k;h fo";kÍ ds` vfrfjâ` jkÆV_ifr ds` d`k;Z ,oa vf|d`kj ;k fd`lh jkT; ds` ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx d`k v÷;” vU; fo";kÍ ds` lEcU| eÍ Hh laln eÍ lansæ jkÆV_ifr Hkjrh; la? d`h d`k;Zikf¥d`k ;k lnL;\ Hstus d`k vf|d`kj gS\ (6) laln ds` lekosnu ij mPpre (5) jkÆV_ifr d`k ^frfuf|Ro laln eÍ d`k ^|ku gksrk gS\ ‘d`k;Zikf¥d`k æfâ`’ d`k U;k;k¥; d`k ;k mPp U;k;k¥; d`k U;k;k|hæ\ mlds` eaf(;kÍ }kjk fd`;k tkrk gS\ ^kƒfed` d`k;Z O;oLƒkfid`k }kjk cuk, x, (7) laln ds` lekosnu ij fuokZpu ·x‚ laln eÍ lnL;kÍ d`k euksu;u% d`kuwukÍ d`k d`k;Zik¥u d`jkuk gS\ vk;qâ`\ (1) jkÆV_ifr jkT; lHk eÍ ckjg ,sls fuEuf¥f[r ‘d`k;Zikf¥d`k æfâ`;k∑’ 2. lS U ; æfDr;k∑%lafo|ku us j”k O;fâ`;kÍ d`ks euksuhr d`j ld`rk gS tks foKku] gksrh gß% c¥kÍ d`k loksZPp leknsæ jkÆV_ifr eÍ fufgr d`¥k] lkfgR; rƒk lkekftd` fo";kÍ d`k foæs" 1. ^æklfud` æfDr%Hkjr d`k fd`;k gS] ¥sfd`u bl vf|d`kj d`k ^;ksx Kku vƒok O;ogkfjd` Kku j[rk gks\ jkÆV_ifr d`k;Zikf¥d`k d`k okLrfod` ^|ku jkÆV_ifr fof| }kjk gh fofu;fer d`j (2) jkÆV_ifr d`ks ;fn ;g ^rhr gksrk gS u gksd`j vkSipkfjd` ^|ku gS\ vr# la? lds`xk\ bl vf|d`kj ds` vUrxZr% fd` ¥ksd` lHk eÍ ,aX¥ks-Hkjrh; leqnk;kÍ d`k d`h d`k;Zikf¥d`k ds` lHh d`k;Z jkÆV_ifr ds` (1) jkÆV_ifr d`ks ;q* vƒok ækafr d`h ^frfuf|Ro leqfpr ugha gS] rks og ¥ksd` lHk uke ls fd`, tkrs gß] tcfd` ljd`kjh foHkxkÍ ?ks".k d`jus d`k vf|d`kj gS\ eÍ nks ,aX¥ks-Hkjrh;kÍ d`ks uketn d`j ld`rk gS\ vkfn d`k okLrfod` ^æklu lEcfU|r ea(h ·?‚ laln ds` le” ^frosnu j[uk% (2) j”k c¥kÍ d`ks vfHfu;ksftr d`jus d`k rƒk vU; ^æklfud` vf|d`kjh p¥krs gß] vf|d`kj gS\ jkÆV_ifr laln ds` le” dq`N ^frosnu bl ●

¥sfd`u fœ`j Hh la? ds` lHh vf|d`kjh 3. jktuf;d` æfDr;k∑%blds` vUrxZr jkÆV_ifr ds` v|hu gksrs gß\ fuEu fo";kÍ d`ks j[ ld`rs gß% ^æklfud` vf|d`kj ds` rgrΩ jkÆV_ifr (1) fonsækÍ ls laf|;k∑ d`jus\ fuEuf¥f[r mPp inkf|d`kfj;kÍ d`ks fu;qâ` (2) fonsæ uhfr d`k fu|kZj. d`jus\ d`jus rƒk gVkus d`k vf|d`kj Hh j[rk (3) fonsæ uhfr d`k lapk¥u d`jus gS% (1) Hkjr d`k ^|kuea(h (2) la?h; eaf(ifj"nΩ ds`

vU; ea(h d`k egkU;k;oknh (4) Hkjr d`k fu;a(d` egk¥s[k ijh”d` (5) mPpre U;k;k¥; ds` U;k;k|hæ (6) jkT; ds` mPp U;k;k¥;kÍ ds` U;k;k|hæ\ (7) jkT;kÍ ds` jkT;ik¥\ (3) Hkjr

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1607

vkæ; ls fd` mu ij fopkj fd`;k tk, j[okrk gS] tksfd` fuEuf¥f[r gß% (1)

okf"Zd` fo®h; fooj. vkSj vuqiwjd`

fooj.\

(2) Hkjr ds` fu;a(d` egk¥s[k ijh”d` d`k Hkjr ljd`kj ds` ¥s[kvkÍ ls lEcfU|r (4) vUrjkZÆV_h; xfrfof|;kÍ eÍ Hkjr d`k ^frosnu\ ^frfuf|Ro d`jus\ (3) fo® vk;ksx d`h flœ`kfjæÍ rƒk mu fonsæ uhfr d`k lapk¥u Hh okLrfod` ij fd`, x, d`k;Z d`k LiÆVhd`j.\ Ôi ls ^|kuea(h rƒk mld`k eaf(ifj"nΩ (4) la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx d`k ^frosnu\ gh d`jrk gS rƒk jkÆV_ifr eaf(ifj"nΩ d`h l¥kg ij gh d`k;Z d`jrk gS\ (5) vuqlwfpr tkfr;kÍ rƒk tutkfr;kÍ 4. fo|k;h æfDr%Hkjr d`k jkÆV_ifr ds` foæs" vf|d`kjh d`k ^frosnu\ (6) fiNÈMs oxZ ds` vk;ksx d`k ^frosnu\ laln d`k vax gS\ jkÆV_ifr ds` O;oLƒkiu

(7) Hk"kbZ vYila“;d`kÍ ds` foæs" vf|d`kjkÍ d`k ^frosnu\ (8) vU; fofæÆV fo";kÍ ls lEcfU|r xfBr vk;ksxkÍ ds` ^frosnu\

(2) fu¥Ecud`kjh ohVks (Suspension Veto) d`k vƒZ gksrk gS fd` fd`lh fo|s;d` d`ks

dq`N le; ds` f¥, vf|fu;e cuus ls jksd`uk gS\ Hkjr d`k jkÆV_ifr bld`k ^;ksx fo|s;d` laln ds` ikl iqufoZpkj ds` f¥, Hstd`j ·î‚ fo|s;d`kÍ d`ks iwoZ vuqefr% d`ks d`jrk gS\ fuEuf¥f[r dq`N fo|s;d` gß ftu ij (3) tsch ohVks (Pocket Veto) d`k vƒZ jkÆV_ifr d`h iwoZ vuqefr vko';d` gS% ;g fd` tc jkÆV_ifr laln }kjk ikfjr fo|s;d` (1) Hkjr la? eÍ u, jkT;kÍ ds` fuekZ. d`ks u rks iqufoZpkj ds` f¥, okil Hstrk gS] u vƒok orZeku jkT;kÍ d`h lhekvkÍ eÍ vƒok gh ml ij vuqefr nsrk gS vkSj u gh vuqefr uke eÍ ifjorZu ls lEcfU|r fo|s;d`\ nsus ls bud`kj d`jrk gS\ bl fLƒfr eÍ fo|s;d` (2) |u fo|s;d`\ jkÆV_ifr d`h tsc eÍ iÈMk jgrk gS\ Hkjr eÍ (3) d`ksbZ fo|s;d`] |u fo|s;d` u gksrs lafo|ku us jkÆV_ifr d`ks fd`lh fo|s;d` ij fd`rus gq, Hh ,slk fo|;sd` gks tks Hkjr d`h lafpr le; eÍ fu.Z; ¥suk pkfg, ;g fu|kZfjr ugha fuf| eÍ ls O;; d`jus ls lEcfU|r gks\ fd`;k gS\ bl le;-lhek ds` vHko eÍ jkÆV_ifr (4) ,slk fo|s;d` tks ,sls d`jk|ku d`ks tsch ;k ikWds`V ohVks d`k ^;ksx d`j ld`rk gS\ ^Hkfor d`jrk gS] tks jkT;kÍ ds` |u forj. ds` 1986 eÍ ikfjr Hkjrh; Mkd` ·laæks|u‚ fo|s;d` fl*kUr vk;d`j ds` ^;kstukÍ ds` f¥, ‘Î`f" d`ks rRd`k¥hu jkÆV_ifr Kkuh tS¥ flag us u rks vk;’ ds` vƒZ eÍ ifjorZu d`jus ok¥k gks\ vuqefr nh vkSj u gh bud`kj fd`;k\ (5) O;kikj d`h LorU(rk d`ks lhfer jkT; ds` fo|s;d`kÍ ls lEcfU|r d`jus ok¥s jkT;kÍ ds` fo|s;d`\ vf|d`kj%Hkjrh; lafo|ku us jkT;ik¥ (6) ,sls fo|s;d` tks lafo|ku ds` Hkx%12 d`ks ;g vf|d`kj fn;k x;k fd` og jkT; ds` v÷;k;%1 ds` vUrxZr la? ds` f¥, ds dq`N fo|s;d`kÍ d`ks ftUgÍ og lqjf”r vf|Hkj ¥xkrk gS\

·p‚ laln }kjk ikfjr fo|s;d`kÍ ij jkÆV_ifr d`h vuqefr%d`ksbZ Hh fo|s;d` nksukÍ lnukÍ%¥ksd` lHk rƒk jkT; lHk eÍ ikfjr gksus ds` i'pkrΩ jkÆV_ifr d`h vuqefr ds` i'pkrΩ gh vf|fu;e ;k fo|ku curk gS\ tc nksukÍ lnukÍ }kjk ikfjr fo|s;d` jkÆV_ifr ds` le” ^Lrqr fd`;k tkrk gS rks jkÆV_ifr% (1) ml fo|s;d` d`ks vuqefr nsus d`h ?ks".k d`j ld`rk gS\ (2) ml fo|s;d` ij vuqefr jksd`us d`h ?ks".k d`j ld`rk gS\ (3) |u fo|s;d` rƒk lafo|ku laæks|u fo|s;d`kÍ ds` vfrfjâ` vU; fo|s;d`kÍ d`ks og laln d`ks okil iqufoZpkj rƒk laæks|u ds` f¥, Hst ld`rk gS\ ;fn iqu# og laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ }kjk og fo|s;d` ikfjr d`jds` jkÆV_ifr d`h vuqefr ds` f¥, Hstk tkrk gS rks jkÆV_ifr d`ks vfuok;Z Ôi ls ml ij vuqefr nsuh iÈMrh gS\

jkÆV_ifr d`h ohVks æfDr%Hkjr ds` jkÆV_ifr d`ks ohVks æfâ` vkR;kafrd`] (Absolute), fu¥Ecud`kjh (Suspension) rƒk tsch ohVks (Pocket Veto) d`k fe¥ktq¥k LoÔi gS\ (1) vkR;kafrd` ;k iw.Z ohVks d`k vƒZ gS fd`lh ikfjr fo|s;d` d`ks vuqefr u nsuk\ Hkjr eÍ jkÆV_ifr bl ohVks d`k ^;ksx vf|d`kaær# ^kbosV lnL;kÍ ds` fo|s;d`kÍ ij d`jrk gS\ vƒok tc d`Hh ,slh fLƒfr mRiUu gks tkrh gS fd` ljd`kjh fo|s;d` ds` ifjr gksus ds` i'pkrΩ vkSj jkÆV_ifr d`h vuqefr fe¥us ls iwoZ gh eaf(e≥M¥ R;kxi( ns ns vkSj nwljk u;k eaf(e≥M¥ ml fo|s;d` d`ks vuqefr u nsus d`h flœ`kfjæ d`js\

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1608

le; lhek fu|kZfjr ugha d`h gS\ vr# jkÆV_ifr bl jkT; fo|kue≥M¥ ds` fo|s;d` d`ks vius fopkj ^d`V fd`, fcuk vfuf'pr d`k¥ ds` f¥, vius ikl j[ ld`rk gS\

·N‚ v÷;knsæ vf|d`kj%

tkjh

d`jus

d`k

(1) tc laln d`k l( u p¥ jgk gks vkSj fd`lh fo|ku d`h rqjUr gh vko';d`rk gks] rks jkÆV_ifr v÷;knsæ tkjh d`j ld`rk gS\ (2) ,sls v÷;knsækÍ d`k ogh ^Hko gksrk gS] tksfd` lalnh; vf|fu;ekÍ d`k gksrk gS\ (3) bu v÷;knsækÍ ij Hh ogh laoS|kfud` lhek,a ¥kxw gksrh gß tks lalnh; vf|fu;ekÍ ij ¥kxw gksrh gß\ (4) ;g v÷;kns æ vLƒk;h gks r s gß ] D;kÍfd` tSls gh laln d`k l( ^kjEH gksrk gS vƒkZrΩ laln vf|fu;e cukus eÍ d`k;ZÔi eÍ l”e gks tkrh gS rks ;g laln ds` lkeus j[k tkrk gS\ ;fn laln bl v÷;knsæ d`ks ikfjr d`j nsrh gS rks ;g Lƒk;h fo|ku cu tkrk gS vkSj ;fn laln fujLr d`j nsrh gS rks fujLr gks tkrk gS\ ;fn laln l( ^kjEH gksus ds` i'pkrΩ Hh bl v÷;knsæ ij d`ksbZ d`k;Zokgh j[uk mfpr le>rk gS] jkÆV_ifr d`h ugha d`jrh rks ;g v÷;knsæ Lor# gh laln ds` vuqefr ds` f¥, lqjf”r j[ ld`rk\ ,sls vf|osæu ds` ^kjEH gksus d`h frfƒ ls ·;fn fo|s;d` tc jkÆV_ifr ds` vuqeksnu ds` f¥, nksukÍ lnukÍ ds` vf|osæu fofHUu frfƒ;kÍ eÍ ^Lrqr fd`, tkrs gß] rks jkÆV_ifr ,sls ^kjEH gksrk rks ckn eÍ ^kjEH gksus ok¥s lnu ds` l( ls‚ N# lIrkg d`h lekfIr ds` i'pkrΩ fo|s;d`kÍ ij% fuÆ^Hkoh gks tkrk gS\ (1) viuh vuqefr ns u s ls bud`kj d`j (5) bl v÷;knsæ d`k rkRi;Z vuqPNsn ld`rk gS\ 352 ds` v|hu ?ksf"r vkikr fLƒfr ls ugha gS\ (2) jkT;ik¥ d`ks ;g funsZæ Hh ns ld`rk (6) ,slh ifjfLƒfr mRiUu gks xbZ gS fd` gS fd` og ml fo|s;d` d`ks iqufoZpkj ds` f¥, vfo¥Ec fo|ku cukuk vko';d` gS\ bld`k fo|kue≥M¥ d`ks ¥kSVk ns\ ;fn fo|kue≥M¥ iqu# fu.Z ; ds ` o¥ jkÆV_ifr gh d`jrk gS rƒk v÷;knsæ ml fo|s;d` d`ks ikfjr d`jds` jkÆV_ifr ds` ikl ds ` lkƒ mu ifjfLƒfr;kÍ d`h O;k“;k d`h tkrh gS\ Hstrk gS ] rks Hh jkÆV_ifr mls vuqeksnu nsus ds` 5. ”eknku d`k vf|d`kj%fo'o ds` f¥, ck÷; ugha gS\ og mls iqu# vuqeksnu ds` vU; la f o|kukÍ d`h Hk∑ f r Hkjr ds` lafo|ku f¥, bud`kj d`j ld`rk gS vkSj bud`kj d`jus d`h fLƒfr eÍ og fo|s;d` lekIr gks tkrk gS\ us Hh d`k;Zikf¥d`k ds` ^eq[ d`ks ,sls (3) lafo|ku us jkÆV_ifr d`ks bl ^d`kj O;fâ`;kÍ d`ks ”ek ^nku d`jus d`k vf|d`kj ds` fo|s;d`kÍ ij vuqefr nsus ds` f¥, d`ksbZ fn;k gS%

{keknku jkÆV_ifr d`h ”eknku d`h æfâ` eÍ fuEuf¥f[r lfEef¥r gß% (1) ”ek (Pardon)%fd`lh O;fâ` d`ks vijk| ds` f¥, fn;k x;k n≥M iwjh rjg lekIr gks tkrk gS rƒk og O;fâ` lHh n≥M] vkjksikÍ ,oa fujgZrkvkÍ ls eqâ` gks tkrk gS\ (2) ¥?qd`j. (Commutation)% bleÍ ,d` ^d`kj ds` fn, x, n≥M ds` Lƒku ij mlls gYds` n≥M d`ks fn;k tkrk gS\ mnkgj. ds` f¥, e~R;q-n≥M d`ks fuokZlu] fuokZlu d`ks d`Bksj d`kjkokl] d`Bksj d`kjkokl d`ks lknk d`kjkokl rƒk lknk d`kjkokl d`ks tqekZus eÍ ¥?qd`j. fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ (3) ifjgkj (Remission)%blds` vUrxZr n≥Mknsæ d`h ^Î`fr d`ks cn¥s fcuk mls d`e fd`;k tk ld`rk gS tSls d`kjkokl d`ks gh d`e le; d`k d`kjkokl d`j fn;k tk,\ mnkgj. ds` f¥, N# o"Z ds` d`kjkokl d`ks ,d` o"Z d`k d`kjkokl d`j fn;k tk,\ (4) fojke (Respite)%blds` vUrxZr fd`lh foæs" ifjfLƒfr d`ks ns[rs gq, n≥M d`h fd`lh d`k;Zokgh d`ks lekIr d`j nsuk vƒok d`e d`ÈMs n≥M d`k vknsæ nsuk\ mnkgj. ds` f¥, vijk|h xHZorh L(h d`k n≥M d`e d`juk\ (5) ^fo¥Ecu (Reprieve)%bld`k vƒZ gS fd`lh ifjfLƒfr ds` d`kj. vijk|h d`ks fn, x, n≥M d`ks ik¥u d`jus ls jksd`uk\ ;g ds`o¥ n≥M ds` ik¥u d`jus eÍ fo¥Ec d`jus ds` f¥, fd`;k tkrk gS\

(i) ftud`ks fd`lh vijk| ds` f¥, U;k;k- d`j ld`rk gS\ laln jkÆV_ifr ds` bl d`k;Z eÍ laæks|u d`j ld`rh gS\ ¥; us fof|orΩ n≥M fn;k gS\ (ii) mu lHh eke¥kÍ eÍ ftueÍ d`ksV-Z osru ·ekfld`‚ ekæZ¥ }kjk n≥M fn;k x;k gS\ jkÆV_ i fr% 100000 :i, (iii) rƒk mu lHh eke¥kÍ eÍ tgk∑ e~R;q mijkÆV_ i fr% 85000 :i, n≥M fn;k x;k gks\

6.

,d`¥ la∂`e. er }kjk xqIr ernku ls gksrk gS\

;ksX;rk,a% d`ksbZ Hh O;fDr mijkÆV_ifr fuokZfpr gksus d`k ik( rHh gksxk tc og% (1) Hkjr

d`k ukxfjd` gks]

fofo| æfDr;k∑%jkÆV_ifr d`k;Z(2) ißrhl o"Z d`h vk;q iwjh d`j pqd`k gks] (ii) fd`lh ,sls jkT; eÍ tutkfr ifj"nΩ ikf¥d`k d`k ^|ku gksrk gS\ blf¥, lafo|ku Lƒkfir d`h tk ld`rh gS tgk∑ vuqlwfpr tu(3) jkT; lHk d`k lnL; fuokZfpr gksus ds` fofHUu vuqPNsnkÍ eÍ mlds` d`k;Z `,oa tkfr;k∑ rks gß] ¥sfd`u vuqlwfpr ”s( ugha gS\ ds` f¥, ;ksX;rk j[rk gks] æfâ`;k∑ f¥f[r gß\ mueÍ ls dq`N ^eq[ æfâ`;k∑ fuEuf¥f[r gß% jkÆV_ifr d`h vkikr fLFkfr ls lEcfU|r 'kfDr;k∑ (1) vusd` fo";kÍ ds` lEcU| eÍ fu;e vkikrd`k¥ ls lEcfU|r jkÆV_ifr d`ks rhu ^d`kj d`h æfâ`;k∑ ^kIr gß% vkfn cukus d`k vf|d`kj jkÆV_ifr d`ks gS (1) jkÆV_h; vkikr ·vuqPNsn%352‚ d`h] ;q*] ckÌ vk∂`e. ;k læL( fonzksg ls tSls% mRiUu ifjfLƒfr ls mnΩ?ks".k d`jus d`h æfâ`\ (i) Hkjr ds` ¥ksd` ¥s[kvkÍ eÍ |u tek d`jus vkSj okil ¥sus] (ii) la? rƒk laln ds` lfpok¥; eÍ lsok d`jus ok¥s O;fâ`;kÍ d`h HrhZ vkSj lsok d`h ærsÛ] (iii) mPpre U;k;k¥; ds` vknsækÍ d`ks ^ofrZr d`jus d`h ^f∂`;k] (iv) nks ;k vf|d` jkT;kÍ ds ` f¥, jkT;ik¥ d`h fu;qfâ` (v) fd`lh ,slh vkd`fLed`rk ftld`k lafo|ku eÍ mY¥s[ gks] (vi) vuqlwfpr tkfr rƒk vuqlwfpr tutkfr;kÍ d`ks lwphc* d`juk] vkfn\

(2) jkÆV_ i fr] jkT;ik¥ d`ks ml mica| ds` lEcU| eÍ ftleÍ fd`lh fo|s;d` d`ks lafo|ku ds` v|hu jkÆV_ifr d`h iwoZ eatwjh vko';d` gksrh gS] v÷;knsæ tkjh d`jus d`ks d`g ld`rk gS\ (3) fd`lh vR;f|d` egRoiw.Z fo"; ds` fd`lh ^'u d`ks jkÆV_ifr fopkj ds` f¥, loksZPp U;k;k¥; d`ks fufnZÆV d`j ld`rk gS\ (4) og fd`lh foæs" fo"; ij vk;ksx xfBr d`j ld`rk gS\ mnkgj. ds` f¥,] vuqlwfpr ”s(kÍ ds` ^æklu rƒk vuqlwfpr tkfr;kÍ] tutkfr;kÍ] fiNÈMs oxksÛ vkfn ds` d`Y;k. ds` f¥, rƒk fof| vk;ksx] jktHk"k vk;ksx] vUrjkZT; ifj"nΩ vkfn d`k xBu d`j ld`rk gS\ (5) la? jkT; ”s(kÍ vƒok la? }kjk lh|s ^ækflr jkT; ”s(kÍ d`k ^æklu jkÆV_ifr }kjk ;k mlds` ^fr m®jnk;h ^ækld` }kjk fd`;k tkrk gS\ jkÆV_ifr d`ks vaMeku fud`ksckj }hi lewg] ¥”}hi] nknjk vkSj uxj gos¥h ds` jkT; ”s(kÍ ds` lEcU| eÍ vfUre fofue; ;k fo|k;h æfâ` ^kIr gS\ (6) jkÆV_ifr d`ks vuqlwfpr ”s(kÍ rƒk tutkfr;kÍ vkSj vle ds` tutkfr ”s(kÍ ds` ^æklu ds` lEcU| eÍ fuEuf¥f[r vf|d`kj ^kIr gß% (i) jkÆV_ifr fd`lh Hh ”s( d`ks vuqlwfpr ”s( ?ksf"r d`j ld`rk gS rƒk vuqlwfpr ”s( d`h lhek ifjorZu ;k mls lkekU; ”s( ?ksf"r

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1609

(2) fd`lh jkT; eÍ lkafo|kfud` rU( ds` foœ`¥ gks tkus] ds`Unz d`h vkKk d`k vuqik¥u u d`jus] vƒok lafo|ku ds` vuqcU|kÍ d`k ik¥u u d`jus d`h fLƒfr eÍ ·vuqPNsn%356‚ vkikrd`k¥ d`h ?ks".k d`j ld`rk gS rƒk jkT; d`k æklu Lo;a vius gkƒ eÍ ¥s ¥srk gS\ fo|kue≥M¥ d`h æfâ`;k∑ laln d`ks lkßi nh tkrh gß\ (3) Hkjr eÍ fo®h; lad`V mRiUu gksus ij jkÆV_ifr fo®h; vkikr d`h mnΩ?ks".k ·vuqPNsn%360 ‚ d`j ld`rk gS ftlds` vUrxZr jkT;kÍ ds` O;; d`ks fu;fU(r d`jds` vkSj ¥ksd` lsod`kÍ ds` osru ?Vkd`j rƒk vU; mik; d`jds` fo®h; Lƒkf;Ro ^nku d`jus d`k ^;kl d`jrk gS\

mijkÆV_ifr Hkjr d`k ,d` mijkÆV_ifr gksxk\ ·vuq\ 63‚ mijkÆV_ifr jkT; lHk d`k insu lHkifr gksrk gS rƒk og vU; d`ksbZ ¥kH d`k in |kj. ugha d`jsxk\ bl le; og lHkifr d`ks fe¥us ok¥s osru H®s ^kIr d`jsxk] ¥sfd`u tc og jkÆV_ifr in ds` d`k;ksÛ d`ks d`jrk gS rc og jkT; lHk ds` lHkifr ds` fe¥us ok¥s osru vkfn d`k gd`nkj ugha gksxk\ ·vuq\ 64‚ jkÆV_ifr ds` in ij vkd`fLed` fjfDr gksus ij ;k mld`h vuqifLƒfr eÍ mijkÆV_ifr d`k jkÆV_ifr ds` Ôi eÍ d`k;Z d`juk% (1) jkÆV_ifr d`h e~R;q ;k inR;kx ;k in ls gVk, tkus d`h fLƒfr eÍ mijkÆV_ifr ml frfƒ ls ¥sd`j uofuokZfpr jkÆV_ifr ds` in xzg. d`jus rd` jkÆV_ifr ds` in ij jgd`j d`k;Z d`jsxk\ (2) tc jkÆV_ifr chekjh vkfn ds` d`kj. d`k;Z d`jus eÍ vleƒZ gksrk gS rc mijkÆV_ifr mlds` iqu# in |kj. d`jus rd` jkÆV_ifr in ij d`k;Z d`jrk gS\ (3) mijkÆV_ifr tc jkÆV_ifr ds` in ij d`k;Z d`jrk gS] rks og jkÆV_ifr d`ks fe¥us ok¥s osru H®s] mUeqfDr;k∑ rƒk foæs"kf|d`kjkÍ d`ks ^kIr d`jus d`k vf|d`kjh gksrk gS\ ·vuq\ 65‚ mijkÆV_ifr%mijkÆV_ifr d`k fuokZpu gksrk gS\ ;g fuokZpu laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ ds` lnL;kÍ ls fe¥d`j cus fuokZpu e≥M¥ }kjk gksrk gS\ ;g pquko xqIr ernku rƒk vkuqikfrd` ^frfuf|Ro i*fr ds` vuqlkj

(4) ljd`kj ds` v|hu fd`lh ¥kH ds` in ij vklhu u gks] jkT;ik¥ ;k ea(h ,oa jkÆV_ifr] mijkÆV_ifr mlds` vUrxZr ugha vkrs\ ·vuq\ 66‚

inkof|% (1) mijkÆV_ifr ik∑p o"Z ds` f¥, in |kj. d`jrk gS rƒk ik∑p o"Z iwjs gks tkus ij rc rd` in ij cuk jgrk gS tc rd` uofuokZfpr mijkÆV_ifr in xzg. d`jrk gS\ (2) ik∑p o"Z ls iwoZ Hh og viuk R;kxi( jkÆV_ifr d`ks gLrk”j lfgr ¥s[ }kjk ns ld`rk gS\ (3) mijkÆV_ifr d`ks pkSng fnu d`h iwoZ lwpuk nsd`j jkT; lHk ds` rRd`k¥hu leLr lnL;kÍ ds` cgqer ls ikfjr lad`Yi ij ¥ksd` lHk d`h lgefr ls in eqDr fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ ·vuq\ 67‚

mijkÆV_ifr ds` in eÍ fjfDr d`ks Hjus ds` f¥, fuokZpu d`k le; rƒk vkd`fLed` fjfDr d`ks Hjus ds` f¥, fuokZfpr O;fDr d`h inkof|% (1) mijkÆV_ifr d`k d`k;Zd`k¥ iwjk gksus ls iwoZ gh u, mijkÆV_ifr d`k pquko iwjk d`j f¥;k tkrk gS\ (2) mijkÆV_ifr d`h e~R;q] inR;kx ;k in ls gVk, tkus ij in fjDr gksus ij ;ƒkæh?z u, mijkÆV_ifr d`k fuokZpu fd`;k tk,xk rƒk ;g uofuokZfpr O;fDr in xzg. ls ¥sd`j iwjs ik∑p o"Z rd` in |kj. d`jsxk\ ·vuq\ 68‚

æiƒ xzg.% ^R;sd` mijkÆV_ifr viuk in xzg. d`jus ls ig¥s jkÆV_ifr vƒok mlds` }kjk fu;qDr fd`lh O;fDr ds` le” æiƒ xzg. d`jrk gS rƒk ml ij gLrk”j d`jrk gS\ ·vuq\ 69‚

laln] jkÆV_ifr ds` Î`R;kÍ ds` fuoZgu ds` f¥, ,slh fd`lh vkd`fLed`rk eÍ micU| d`j lds`xh] tksfd` ;gk∑ mfY¥f[r ugha gS\ ·vuq\ 70‚ jkÆV_ifr ;k mijkÆV_ifr ds` fuokZpu ls lEcfU|r fookn% (1) jkÆV_ifr ;k mijkÆV_ifr ds` fuokZpu ls mRiUu lHh æad`kvkÍ rƒk fooknkÍ d`h tk∑p rƒk fu.Z; d`k vfUre vf|d`kj loksZPp U;k;k¥; d`ks gksxk\ (2) ;fn fd`lh d`kj. ls loksZPp U;k;k¥; jkÆV_ifr ;k mijkÆV_ifr ds` fuokZpu d`ks vekU; ?ksf"r d`j nsrk gS] rks mlds` }kjk ml vof| eÍ fd`, x, d`k;ksÛ d`ks vekU; ?ksf"r ugha fd`;k tk,xk\ (3) jkÆV_ifr rƒk mijkÆV_ifr ds` fuokZpu lEcU|h fd`lh fo"; d`k fofu;eu laln fof| }kjk d`j ld`rh gS\ (4) jkÆV_ifr ;k mijkÆV_ifr ds` fuokZpu d`ks fuokZpd` e≥M¥ eÍ fd`lh fjfDr ds` gksus ij ^'uxr ugha fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ ·vuq\ 71‚

mijkÆV_ifr ds` mEehnokj d`ks ukekad`ui( Hjrs le; 20 ^Lrkod` rƒk 20 vuqeksnd` lnL;kÍ d`h vko';d`rk gksrh gS\ tekur jkfæ Hh 2500 :\ ls cÈ
d`ks l¥kg nsus ds` f¥, ,d` efU(ifj"nΩ gksxh\ eaf(ifj"nΩ eÍ rhu ^d`kj ds` ea(h gksrs gß% (1) eaf(e≥M¥h; Lrj ds` ea(h ;k eaf(e≥M¥ ds` lnL; (Cabinet Minister) %;g vius-vius foHkx ds` ^eq[ gksrs gß\ ^|kuea(h Hh bueÍ ls ,d` gksrk gS\ eaf(e≥M¥ d`h cSBd`kÍ d`h v÷;”rk ^|kuea(h d`jrk gS rƒk ;g okLrfod` uhfr fu|kZjd` laLƒk gS\ bld`h cSBd`kÍ d`h d`k;Zokgh xqIr j[h tkrh gS\ (2) jkT; ea(h (State Minister)% ;g eaf(e≥M¥ Lrj ls uhps Lrj d`k ea(h gksrk gS\ bls LorU( foHkx Hh fn;k tk ld`rk gS\ ;g eaf(e≥M¥ d`h cSBd`kÍ eÍ rHh mifLƒr gksrs gß tc mUgÍ vkeaf(r fd`;k tkrk gS\ (3) miea(h (Deputy Minister)%;g rhljs Lrj ds` ea(h gksrs gß ;g foHkxkÍ eÍ ^æklfud` d`k;ksÛ d`k Hkj mBk, jgrs gß\ ;g efU(e≥M¥ d`h cSBd`kÍ eÍ Hkx ugha ¥srs\ eaf(e≥M¥h; fopkj-foeæZ eÍ mud`h d`ksbZ Hkxhnkjh ugha gksrh\ eaf(;kÍ ds` H®s vkfn lalnh; vf|fu;ekÍ ds` rgrΩ ns; gksrs gß\

mijkÆV_ifr ,d` le; ij ,d` gh in ds` d`k;ksÛ d`k fuoZgu d`jrk gS\ (3) tc mijkÆV_ifr jkÆV_ifr ds` in ij d`k;Z d`jrk gS] rks og jkÆV_ifr ds` okLrfod` vf|d`kjkÍ d`k ik¥u d`jrk gS rƒk jkÆV_ifr d`ks fe¥us ok¥s leLr osru H®s lqfo|kvkÍ vkfn d`ks ^kIr d`jrk gS\ (4) lkekU; fLƒfr eÍ mijkÆV_ifr jkT; lHk d`h v÷;”rk d`jrk gS rƒk mlh in ds` osru H®s ,oa ifj¥fC|;k∑ ^kIr d`jrk gS\

efU(ifj"nΩ

91oÍ lafo|ku laæks|u vf|fu;e 2003 }kjk ds`Unz rƒk jkT; ljd`kj d`h eaf(ifj"nΩ eÍ lnL;kÍ d`h la“;k fuf'pr d`j nh xbZ gS\ fo|s;d` ds` ^ko|kukÍ ds` rgrΩ ds`Unz ,oa jkT;kÍ eÍ eaf(ifj"nΩ d`k vf|d`re vkd`kj fup¥s lnu d`h dq`¥ lnL; la“;k d`k 15 ^frær rd` gh gks lds`xk\ ·bl ckjs eÍ laln eÍ ew¥r# ^Lrqr fo|s;d` eÍ eaf(;kÍ d`h la“;k nksukÍ lnukÍ ds` lnL;kÍ d`h dq`¥ la“;k ds` 10 ^frær rd` j[us d`k ^Lrko ƒk\ laln d`h Lƒk;h lfefr d`h laLrqfr;kÍ ds` vk|kj ij bl ^ko|ku eÍ laæks|u fo|s;d` eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\‚ flfDd`e o fetksje vkfn NksVs jkT;kÍ eÍ tgk∑ fo|ku lHk eÍ lnL;kÍ d`h dq`¥ la“;k ∂`eæ# 32 o 40 gh gS] eaf(;kÍ d`h la“;k 7 j[us d`k ^ko|ku ig¥s fo|s;d` eÍ fd`;k x;k ƒk] fd`Urq Lƒk;h lfefr d`h laLrqfr;kÍ ds` vk|kj ij NksVs jkT;kÍ ds` f¥, 12 eaf(;kÍ d`k ^ko|ku laln }kjk ikfjr laæksf|r fo|s;d` eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\

Hkjr eÍ lalnh; O;oLƒk d`ks viuk;k x;k gS ftleÍ jkÆV_ifr ukeek( d`k ;k vkSipkfjd` d`k;Zikf¥d`k gS rƒk ^|kuea(h rƒk mld`h eaf(ifj"nΩ okLrfod` d`k;Z(4) ea(h fd`lh Hh lnu jkT; lHk vƒok ikf¥d`k gS\ lafo|ku ds` vuqlkj jkÆV_ifr ¥ksd` lHk ds` lnL;kÍ eÍ ls pquk tk ld`rk gS\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1610

eaf(;kÍ d`k m®jnkf;Ro

(1) eaf(ifj"nΩ ¥ksd` lHk ds` ^fr lkewfgd` Ôi ls m®jnk;h gksrh gS\ bld`k vƒZ ;g gS fd` lHh ea(h ,d` lkƒ ds`o¥ ¥ksd` lHk ds` ^fr m®jnk;h gß] jkT; lHk eaf(;kÍ d`h fu;qfDr ds` ^fr ugha\ m®jnkf;Ro d`k rkRi;Z ;g gS (1) ^|kuea(h in ij jkÆV_ifr ml O;fâ` fd` ;fn ¥ksd` lHk eÍ fd`lh Hh ,d` ea(h d`ks fu;qâ` d`jrk gS ftls ¥ksd` lHk ds` cgqer ds` ^fr vfo'okl ^Lrko ikfjr gksrk gS d`k fo'okl er ^kIr gksrk gS\ vƒok ¥ksd` vƒok ^|kuea(h ds` ^fr vfo'okl ikfjr lHk eÍ fuokZfpr cgqer n¥ d`k usrk gksrk gS\ gksrk gS] rks iwjh eaf(ifj"nΩ d`ks R;kxi( (2) vU; eaf(;kÍ d`h fu;qfâ` jkÆV_ifr] nsuk iÈMrk gS\

mijkÆV_ifr ds` vf|d`kj ,oa d`rZO;% jkÆV_ifr ds` i'pkrΩ Hkjr d`k loksZPp vf|d`kjh mijkÆV_ifr gS\ mijkÆV_ifr d`k in ,d` ,slk in gS fd` ftlds` vius d`ksbZ ^|kuea(h d`h l¥kg ls d`jrk gS\ foæs" d`k;Z ugha gksrs] ¥sfd`u og nks inkÍ (3) ^|kuea(h gh eaf(;kÍ ds` foHkxkÍ d`k ij d`k;Z d`jrk gS vr# mlds` d`k;Z nksukÍ forj. d`jrk gS\ inkÍ ij vklhu jgrs gq, fd`, x, d`k;Z gß% eaf(ifj"nΩ d`h la“;k fu|kZfjr (1) mijkÆV_ifr jkT; lHk d`k insu lHkifr gksrk gS\ (2) ;fn jkÆV_ifr d`h e~R;q gks tk,] in R;kx ;k vU; fd`lh d`kj. ls jkÆV_ifr d`k in fjâ` gks tk, rks mijkÆV_ifr] jkÆV_ifr ds` Ôi eÍ d`k;Z d`jus ¥xrk gS\

(5) fd`lh ,sls O;fâ` d`ks Hh ea(h ;k ^|kuea(h fu;qâ` fd`;k tk ld`rk gS tks fd`lh Hh lnu d`k lnL; ugÓ gS] ¥sfd`u og rHh ea(h cuk jg ld`rk gS] tcfd` og N# ekl ds` Hhrj fd`lh Hh lnu ¥ksd` lHk ;k jkT; lHk d`k fuokZpu }kjk ;k euksu;u }kjk lnL; ugha cu tkrk\ mPpre U;k;k¥; }kjk vxLr 2001 eÍ rst izd`kæ flag ds` eke¥s eÍ fn, x, ,d` fu.Z; eÍ LiÆV fd`;k gS fd` bl izd`kj cuk, x, ea(h d`ks N# ekl rd` fd`lh lnu d`k lnL; cuus esa vleFkZ jgus ij mls iqu# N# ekl ds` f¥, ea(h ugÓ cuk;k tk ld`rk\ (6) ea(h nksukÍ lnukÍ ¥ksd` lHk rƒk jkT; lHk eÍ cks¥ ld`rk gS rƒk d`k;Zokgh eÍ Hh Hkx ¥s ld`rk gS] ¥sfd`u og ml lnu eÍ ernku eÍ Hkx ugha ¥s ld`rk ftld`k og lnL; ugha gksrk gS\ vƒkZrΩ og ds`o¥ mlh lnu eÍ er ns ld`rk ftld`k og lnL; gS\

^|kuea(h ●

tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ] vUrfje eaf(e≥M¥ (1946) eÍ ^|kuea(h cuk, x, ƒs\ og ·1950 ds` ckn Hh‚ 27 ebZ] 1964 rd` ·e~R;q rd`‚ ¥xkrkj ^|kuea(h jgs\ ● tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ Hkjr ds` ,sls ^ƒe ^|kuea(h ƒs ftuds` fo:* ¥ksd` lHk eÍ vfo'okl ^Lrko ¥k;k x;k\ vfo'okl ^Lrko ts\ ch\ Î`i¥kuh }kjk ¥k;k x;k\ ;g 22 vxLr] 1963 d`ks ¥ksd` lHk eÍ cgl ds` f¥, j[k x;k] tks ikfjr u gks ld`k\ ● bafnjk xka|h tc loZ^ƒe 24 tuojh] 1966 d`ks Hkjr d`h ^ƒe efg¥k ^|kuea(h cuÓ rc og jkT; lHk d`h lnL; ƒÓ\ ● eueksgu ¯lg Hkjr ds` ^ƒe fl[ ^|kuea(h gß\ og ^eq[ vƒZækL(h Hh gß\

laln Hkjrh; lafo|ku eÍ ds`Unzh; O;oLƒkfid`k d`ks ‘laln’ d`gk x;k\ laln eÍ nks lnu%jkT; lHk rƒk ¥ksd` lHk gß\ jkÆV_ifr Hh bld`k vfHUu vax gS\ jkT; lHk%;g mPp vƒok f}rh; lnu gS\ bleÍ jkT;kÍ d`k ^frfuf|Ro gksrk gS\

jkT;kÍ d`k ^frfuf|Ro lekurk ds` vf|d`kj lafo|ku lHk rƒk laln ij ugha gS] vfirq tula“;k ds` vk|kj ij la f o|ku lHk d`k xBu nks mˆs';kÍ d`ks gksrk gS\ cÈMs jkT;kÍ ds` ^frfuf| vf|d` rƒk ¥sd`j fd`;k x;k ƒk%,d` lafo|ku d`k fuekZ. tula“;k eÍ NksVs jkT;kÍ ds` d`e ^frfuf| rƒk nwljk ^ƒe laln ds` pquko rd` jkÆV_h; gksrs gß\ mld`h dq`¥ vf|d`re lnL; la“;k O;oLƒkfid`k ·laln‚ ds` Ôi eÍ d`k;Z d`juk\ 250 gS\ bleÍ ls 12 lnL; jkÆV_ifr }kjk 17 uoEcj] 1947 d`ks lafo|ku lHk d`h ,sls ¥ksxkÍ eÍ ls euksuhr fd`, tkrs gß ftUgÍ cSBd` d`h v÷;”rk MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn us d`h blh fnu th\oh\ eko¥ad`j d`ks fufoZjks| lkfgR;] foKku] d`¥k vkSj lkekftd` lsok rƒk Lihd`j pquk x;k\ th\oh\ eko¥ad`j us blh ds` lEcU| eÍ foæs" Kku ;k O;kogkfjd` fnu in |kj. fd`;k\ ;g lHk jkÆV_h; laln vuqHo gS\ æs" 238 lnL; ^R;sd` jkT; d`h ds` Ôi eÍ d`k;Z d`jus ¥xh\ 26 tuojh] 1950 fo|ku lHk ds` fuokZfpr lnL;kÍ }kjk vkuq- ls ;gh lHk iwjh rjg ls vLƒk;h laln ds` ikfrd` ^frfuf|Ro i*fr d`k ,d`¥ la∂`e- Ôi eÍ d`k;Z d`jus ¥xh\ ;g lafo|ku ds rgrΩ Hkjr d`h laln ds` ^ƒe pquko 1952 .h; er ^.k¥h }kjk fd`;k tkrk gS\ la? LorU( rd` d`k;Z d`jrh jgh\ jkT; ”s(kÍ ds` ^frfuf| ml fof| ls fuokZfpr gksrs gß ftls laln fof| }kjk fu|kZfjr ¥ksd` lHk d`k d`k;Zd`k¥ ik∑p o"Z gS d`js\ orZeku eÍ jkT; lHk d`h dq`¥ lnL; ftls vkikrd`k¥ eÍ laln Lo;a fof| }kjk la“;k 245 gS ftleÍ 12 lnL; ukfer gß\ blds` d`k;Zd`k¥ eÍ ,d` ckj eÍ ,d` o"Z rd` d`h o~f* d`j ld`rh gS\ 1976 eÍ ¥ksd` lHk 1. jkT; lHk d`k lHkifr (Chairman)% d`k d`k;Zd`k¥ nks ckj ,d`-,d` o"Z ds` f¥, eksgEen gkfen valkjh ·insu cÈ
laln ●

loZ^ƒe pkSƒh ¥ksd` lHk d`ks ^|kuea(h bafnjk xka | h ds` ijkeæZ ij 27 fnlEcj] 1970 d`ks jkÆV_ifr oh\ oh\ fxfj }kjk Hax fd`;k x;k rƒk ^ƒe e÷;kof| pquko 1971 eÍ d`jk, x,\ ● laln d`k loZ^ƒe la;qDr vf|osæu 6 o 9 ebZ] 1961 d`ks ngst ^frca| fo|s ;d` ·,DV 1959‚ ds` f¥, cq¥k;k x;k\ bleÍ ;g fo|s;d` ikfjr gks x;k ƒk\

jkT; lHk ,d` Lƒk;h lnu gS ftld`k fo?Vu ugha gksrk gS\ blds` ,d`-frgkbZ lnL; ^R;sd` nwljs o"Z fuo~® gks tkrs gß] ¥sfd`u ,d` lnL; d`k d`k;Zd`k¥ N# o"Z gksrk gS\ jkT; lHk ds` lnL;kÍ d`h fuo~f® d`k ∂`e jkT; lHk vknsæ 1952 }kjk ækflr gksrk gS\ ¥ksd` lHk%¥ksd` lHk eÍ turk d`k ^frfuf|Ro gksrk gS\ blds` lnL; turk }kjk ^R;” Ôi ls xqIr ernku }kjk pqus tkrs gß\ ¥ksd` lHk d`h dq`¥ vf|d`re lnL; la“;k 552 gks ld`rh gS\ ftleÍ jkT;kÍ ds` 530 lnL; rƒk la? jkT; ”s(kÍ ls 20 lnL; rƒk nks lnL; jkÆV_ifr }kjk ,aX¥ks bf≥M;u leqnk; ls euksuhr fd`, tk ld`rs gß\ orZeku eÍ ¥ksd` lHk eÍ dq`¥ 545 lnL; gß ftueÍ nks lnL; ,aX¥ks-bafM;u leqnk; ls ukfer gß ;g lnL; la“;k luΩ 2026 rd` vifjorZuh; jgsxh\ vuqlwfpr tkfr;kÍ ,oa tutkfr;kÍ ds` f¥, dq`N lhVkÍ d`k vkj”. fd`;k x;k gS] vYila“;d`kÍ ds` f¥, d`ksbZ vkj”. ugha fd`;k x;k gS\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1611/6

(1) jkT; lHk ds` lnL; cuus ds` f¥, O;fâ` d`h vk;q d`e-ls-d`e 30 o"Z rƒk ¥ksd` lHk ds` f¥, 25 o"Z gksuh pkfg,\ (2) og Hkjr d`k ukxfjd` gksuk pkfg,\

lnL;kÍ ds` f¥, v;ksX;rk,a % (1) ;fn og ljd`kj ds` v|hu fd`lh ¥kH ds` in ij gS\ (2) ;fn og ikx¥ gS\ (3) ;g og fnokf¥;k gS\ (4) ;fn og Hkjr d`k ukxfjd` ugha gS\ (5) laln d`h fd`lh fof| ds` vUrxZr v;ksX; gS\

fujgZrk ;k vgZrk lEcU|h fookn% ;g ^'u jkÆV_ifr ds` le” j[k tkrk gS\ jkÆV_ifr pquko vk;ksx ls ijkeæZ d`jds` viuk fu.Z; nsrk gS rƒk mld`k fu.Z; vfUre gksrk gS\ ;fn d`ksbZ lnL; lnu d`h vuqefr ds` fcuk 60 fnu d`h vof| ls vf|d` le; rd` vuqifLƒr jgrk gS] rks lnu mld`k Lƒku fjâ` ?ksf"r d`j ld`rk gS\ laln ds` lnukÍ d`h x.iwfrZ ,d` cVk nl (1/10) gksrh gS\

¥ksd` lHk v÷;{k/mik÷;{k v÷;” d`k in Hkjr eÍ 1921 ls p¥k vk jgk gS tc ekaVsX;w-psElœ`ksMZ lq|kjkÍ ds` vUrxZr loZ^ƒe ds`Unzh; fo|ku lHk cuh ƒh\ 1947 rd` ;g in ‘lHkifr’ d`g¥krk ƒk\ loZ^ƒe bl in ij lj ≠s`Mfjd` OgkbV d`ks euksuhr fd`;k x;k ƒk\ Hkjrh; lafo|ku ds` vuqPNsn 93 eÍ ¥ksd` lHk ds` v÷;” ,oa mik÷;” inkÍ d`h O;oLƒk d`h xbZ gS\ ¥ksd` lHk v÷;” jkÆV_ifr }kjk fuf'pr frfƒ d`ks ¥ksd` lHk lnL;kÍ }kjk

¥ksd` lHk lnL;kÍ eÍ ls gh pquk tkrk gS\ blh ^d`kj mik÷;” v÷;” }kjk fu;r frfƒ d`ks ¥ksd` lHk lnL;kÍ eÍ ls ¥ksd` lHk lnL;kÍ }kjk fuokZfpr fd`;k tkrk gS\ v÷;” ;k mik÷;” ds` f¥, ^R;kæh jktuhfrd` n¥ gh [ÈMk d`jrs gß] ¥sfd`u fd`lh Hh ¥ksd` lHk lnL; ds` v÷;” cu tkus ds` i'pkrΩ mlls ;g vkæk d`h tkrh gS fd` og n¥xr-jktuhfr ls ˜ij mBd`j fuÆi” Ôi ls iwjs lnu ds` ‘foosd` ^gjh’ d`h rjg d`k;Z d`jsxk\ d`k;Zd`k¥%v÷;” d`k d`k;Zd`k¥ mlds` fuokZpu ls ¥sd`j ¥ksd` lHk ds` fo?Vu ds` i'pkrΩ uofuokZfpr ¥ksd` lHk d`h ^ƒe cSBd` ds` Bhd` iwoZ rd` gksrk gS\ uofuokZfpr ¥ksd` lHk d`h ^ƒe cSBd` d`h v÷;”rk ¥ksd` lHk d`k ofjÆBre lnL; d`jrk gS rƒk mlh eÍ ls u;k v÷;” pqu f¥;k tkrk gS\ v÷;” d`h chekjh ;k vU; d`kj. ls vuqifLƒfr d`h fLƒfr eÍ mik÷;” v÷;” d`k d`k;Z d`jrk gS\ ;fn mik÷;” Hh fd`lh d`kj.oæ vuqifLƒr jgrk gS] rks v÷;” }kjk cuk, x, ¥ksd` lHk lnL;kÍ ds` iSu¥ eÍ ls d`ksbZ Hh lnL; lnu d`h v÷;”rk d`jrk gS rƒk lHh vf|d`kjkÍ d`k ^;ksx d`jrk gS\ v÷;” mik÷;” d`ks rƒk mik÷;” v÷;” d`ks viuk R;kxi( nsd`j ineqâ` gks ld`rk gS\ æiƒ%¥ksd` lHk d`k v÷;” rƒk mik÷;” in |kj. d`jrs le; v÷;” ;k mik÷;” ds` Ôi eÍ d`ksbZ æiƒ ugha ¥srs] og ds`o¥ laln-lnL; gksus d`h æiƒ ¥srs gß\ in ls gVkuk%14 fnu d`h iwoZ lwpuk nsd`j ,d` lad`Yi }kjk v÷;” d`ks ¥ksd` lHk ds` rRd`k¥hu lnL;kÍ ds` cgqer }kjk ^Lrko ikfjr d`jds` in ls gVk;k tk ld`rk gS\

lnL;kÍ d`h v;ksX;rk,a (1) d`ksbZ Hh O;fDr laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ d`k ,d` lkƒ lnL; ugha gks ld`rk\ (2) d`ksbZ Hh O;fDr ,d` lkƒ laln ds` fd`lh lnu rƒk fd`lh jkT; ds` fo|kue≥M¥ d`k lnL; ugha gks ld`rk\ ;fn mlus jkÆV_ifr }kjk fu|kZfjr le; eÍ fo|kue≥M¥ d`h lnL;rk ugha R;kxh gS rks laln d`h lnL;rk lekIr le>h tk,xh\ (3) ;fn d`ksbZ lnL; viuk R;kxi( lHkifr ;k v÷;” d`ks tSlh fLƒfr gks] ns vkSj og Lohd`kj d`j f¥;k tk,] rks mld`h lnL;rk lekIr gks tkrh gS\ (4) ;fn d`ksbZ laln lnL; lnu d`h vkKk ds` fcuk ¥xkrkj lkB fnu rd` mlds` lHh vf|osæukÍ ls vuqifLƒr jgrk gS] rks mld`h laln lnL;rk lekIr d`h tk ld`rh gS\ bl lkB fnu d`h vof| eÍ og le; lfEef¥r ugha gS ftlds` nkSjku lnu

l(koflr ;k fujUrj pkj ls vf|d` fnukÍ ds` f¥, Lƒfxr jgrk gS\ ·vuq\ 101‚ (5) d`ksbZ Hh O;fDr laln lnL; gksus ds` f¥, v;ksX; gksxk ;fn% ·d`‚ og ds`Unz ljd`kj rƒk jkT; ds` v|hu d`ksbZ ¥kH d`k in |kj. d`jrk gS\ ·[‚ og ekufld` Ôi ls fof”Ir gS vkSj l”e U;k;k¥; d`h ,slh ?ks".k fo»eku gS\ ·x‚ og vuqUeksfpr fnokf¥;k gS] ·?‚ og Hkjr d`k ukxfjd` ugha gS ;k mlus fd`lh vU; fonsæh jkT; d`h ukxfjd`rk LosPNk ls xzg. d`j ¥h gS ;k og fd`lh fonsæh jkT; ls fd`lh ^d`kj vuqcfU|r gS\ ·î‚ og laln }kjk cukbZ xbZ fd`lh fof| }kjk mlds` v|hu v;ksX; ?ksf"r d`j fn;k tkrk gS\ ·vuq\ 102‚ (6) ;fn ;g ^'u mBrk gS fd` d`ksbZ laln lnL; mi;qZDr micU|kÍ ds` v|hu v;ksX; gS ;k ugha] rks ;g ^'u jkÆV_ifr d`ks fu.Z; ¥sus ds` f¥, Hstk tk,xk rƒk jkÆV_ifr d`k fu.Z; vfUre gksxk\ ,slh fLƒfr eÍ jkÆV_ifr ig¥s fuokZpu vk;ksx ls jk; ¥sxk rƒk mlds` ckn fu.Z; ¥sxk\ ·vuq\ 103‚ (7) ;fn d`ksbZ O;fDr laln lnL; gksus ds` ;ksX; ugha gS vkSj fœ`j Hh og lnL; ds` Ôi eÍ lnu eÍ cSBrk gS] rks og ik∑p lkS :i, ^frfnu ds` fglkc ls n≥M d`k Hkxh gksxk tks mlls la? ds` )`. ds` Ôi eÍ olw¥ fd`;k tk,xk\ ·vuq\ 104‚

(6) fd`lh Hh lalnh; lfefr ds` le” fn;k x;k lk{; vkSj bld`h fjiksVZ rƒk d`k;Zokgh d`ks d`ksbZ Hh rc rd` ^d`V ;k ^d`kfær ugha d`j ld`rk] tc rd` og lHk iV¥ ij u j[ fn, x, gkÍ ·¥ksd` lHk ^f∂`;k rƒk d`k;Z lapk¥u fu;ekÍ d`k fu;e 275‚\ (7) laln ds` ^R;sd` lnu d`ks ;g æfâ` gS fd` og viuh d`k;Zokfg;kÍ d`ks fu;fU(r o fofu;fer d`js vkSj lnu d`h d`k;Zokgh ds` eke¥kÍ d`ks U;k;k¥; ds` gLr”si ds` fcuk fofuf'pr d`js\ (8) v÷;” o lHkifr ^f∂`;k ds` fu;ekÍ ds` v|hu vtufc;kÍ d`ks lnu ds` fd`lh Hkx ls ckgj tkus d`k vknsæ ns ld`rs gß\ (9) lnL;kÍ d`ks vkSj ckgjh O;fâ`;kÍ d`ks lnu ds` foæs"kf|d`kjkÍ d`ks Hax d`jus ds` f¥, nf≥Mr d`jus d`k vf|d`kj\ (10) œ`kStnkjh eke¥kÍ eÍ lnL; d`h fxjŒrkjh ls iwoZ bld`h lwpuk ¥ksd` lHk v÷;” ;k lHkifr d`ks nsuk vfuok;Z gS\ lnu ds` ”s( ls Hh fd`lh lnL; d`ks fcuk v÷;” ;k lHkifr d`h vuqefr ds` fxjŒrkj ugha fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\

lEiw.Z d`k;Zokgh d`k lœ`¥ lapk¥u mlh ds` }kjk lEiUu gksrk gS\ mlds` d`k;Z vf|d`kaær# lalnh; d`k;Zokgh ,oa lapk¥u fu;e rƒk lafo|ku eÍ f¥[s gß\ dq`N d`k;Z v÷;” d`ks vius foosd` ls Hh` lEiUu d`jus iÈMrs gß\ v÷;” ds` egRoiw.Z d`k;Z fuEuf¥f[r gß% (1)

¥ksd` lHk d`h cSBd` d`h v÷;”rk

d`jrk gS\

(2) ¥ksd` lHk eÍ ¥ksd` lHk v÷;” loksZPp vf|d`kjh gksrk gS\ (3) ¥ksd` lHk v÷;” ;g fu.Z; d`jrk gS fd` ^Lrqr fo|s;d` fo®h; fo|s;d` gS vƒok ugha] rƒk mld`k fu.Z; vfUre gksrk gS\ (4) laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ eÍ erHsn gks tkus d`h fLƒfr eÍ tc ¥ksd` lHk rƒk jkT; lHk d`h la;qâ` cSBd` cq¥kbZ tkrh gS] rks mld`h v÷;”rk ¥ksd` lHk v÷;” gh d`jrk gS\ (5) lnu eÍ fd`lh fo"; ij i” rƒk foi” ds` er leku gksrs gß] rks v÷;” i” foæs"kf|d`kj d`k Hax%d`ksbZ Hh d`k;Z vƒok foi” eÍ viuk er nsrk gS ftls ;k ¥ksi] ftlls laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ ds` fu.kZ;d` er Hh d`grs gß\ (6) ¥ksd` lHk d`h cSBd` Lƒfxr d`jus d`k;Zd`j. ;k mlds` Î`R;kÍ eÍ ck|k igq∑prh gS ;k vÈMpu vkrh gS] ;k laln ds` fd`lh vƒok x.iwfrZ u gksus ij lnu d`h cSBd` lnu ds` lnL; ;k vf|d`kjh d`ks vius fu¥fEcr d`j ld`rk gS\ d`rZO;kÍ d`k fuoZgu d`jus eÍ ck|k igq∑pkrh (7) v÷;” fd`lh Hh lnL; d`ks vius gß] voeku le>k tk ld`rk gS\ foosd` ds` vk|kj ij mls viuh ekr~ Hk"k eÍ foæs"kf|d`kjkÍ ds` Hax d`jus ;k laln cks¥us d`k vf|d`kj ^nku d`j ld`rk gS\ (8) v÷;” lnu eÍ jktuhfrd` n¥kÍ d`ks }kjk voeku ij n≥M nsus d`h æfDr ekU;rk ^nku d`jrk gS\ laln d`k ^R;sd` lnu Lo;a gh vius laln lnL;kÍ ds` fo'ks"kf|d`kj (9) lnu ds` lnL;kÍ ds` f¥, Lƒku Hh "kf|d`kjkÍ d`k laj”d` gS\ fof| U;k;k¥;kÍ fu;r d`j ld`rk gS\ lkalnkÍ ds` foæs"kf|d`kjkÍ d`k mY¥s[ foæs d`h gS fd` laln d`k d`ksbZ Hh lafo|ku ds` vuqPNsn 105 eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ lnu;g;gekU;rk (10) n¥-cn¥ fojks|h vf|fu;e d`k fofuf'pr d`jus ds` f¥, ,d`ek( bl ^d`kj ;s foæs"kf|d`kj nks Jsf.;kÍ eÍ ^kf|d`kjh gS fd` fd`lh ik¥u d`jokrk gS rƒk Lo;a fu.Z; ¥srk gS\ " eke¥s eÍ vkrs gß # ^ƒe os tks ^R;sd` lnL; }kjk lHk ds` foæs"kf|d`kjkÍ d`kfoæs (11) ¥ksd` lHk d`h d`k;Zokgh d`k ;k voeku O;fâ`xr Ôi ls miHksx fd`, tkrs gß rƒk gqvk gS vƒok ugha\ lnu d`hHaxn≥M la p k¥u d`jrk gS\ nsus d`h f}rh; tks laln ds` ^R;sd` lnu eÍ ;g æfâ` lnu d`h leLr voekuukvkÍ (12) lnu d`h d`k;Zokgh d`k le; fu;r ] lkewfgd` Ôi ls vkrs gß\ d`jrk gS \ pkgs os lnL;kÍ }kjk d`h xbZ gkÍ ;k ,sls O;fâ`xr miHksx o lkewfgd` miHksx O;fâ`;kÍ }kjk] tks lnu ds` lnL; ugha gß] (13) laln d`h lfefr;kÍ ij mld`k iw.Z ds` vf|d`kj fuEuf¥f[r gß% fu;U(. jgrk gS\ lnL;kÍ ,oa lHkifr d`h vkSj pkgs vijk| lHk ds` Hhrj fd`;k x;k fu;qfâ`] lfefr ds` d`k;Z d`jus d`h ^f∂`;k rƒk (1) okdΩ` LorU(rk%^R;sd` lnL; lnu gS vƒok lHk ds` ckgj ij] ¥kxw gksrh gS\ foæs" funsZæ ns ld`rk gS\ ds` fopkj-foeæZ eÍ LorU(rkiwoZd` Hkx ¥srk gS\ fo'ks " kf|d`kj guu ij rhu ^d`kj ds ` lnu eÍ mlds` }kjk d`gh xbZ ckr ij mls (14) lnu ds` usrk ls fopkj-foeæZ d`jds` n≥M fn, tk ld`rs gß%(1) d`kjkokl%;g ctV vkfn fo|s;d`kÍ ij fopkj d`jus ds` f¥, U;k;k¥; eÍ nks"h ughaa Bgjk;k tk ld`rk gS\ (2) fd`lh Hh O;fâ` d`ks laln eÍ fd`lh vof| l(kolku rd` gksrh gS] (2) psrkouh frfƒ o le; fuf'pr d`jrk gS\ lnu ds` ^kf|d`kj }kjk ;k mlds` v|hu fd`lh ;k HRlZuk] (3) lHk ls fuÆd`klu ;k (15) jkÆV_ifr rƒk laln ds` e÷; lEiw.Z fjiksVZ] i(] erkÍ ;k d`k;Zokgh ds` ^d`kæu ds` fu¥Ecu\ i(-O;ogkj v÷;” }kjk gh gksrk gS\ fo"; eÍ fd`lh U;k;k¥; d`h d`k;Zokgh ls mUeqfâ`\ (16) fd`lh Hh lkoZtfud` fo"; ij ^Lrqr ^Fke Lihd`j ds` fo:`* egkfH;ksx (3) U;k;k¥;kÍ d`ks laln d`h d`k;Zokgh d`h d`k;Z Lƒxu ^Lrko mld`h vuqefr fe¥us ij tk∑p d`jus d`k fu"s|\ gh lnu eÍ ^Lrqr fd`, tk ld`rs gß\ ● loZ^ƒe ¥ksd` lHk ds` ^ƒe Lihd`j x.sæ oklqnso eko¥ad`j ds` fo:* (4) lHk ds` l( ds` nkSjku rƒk mlds` (17) ¥ksd` lHk fu;ekÍ ds` vuqlkj v÷;” mUgÍ in ls gVkus ds` f¥, ^Lrko 18 40 fnu ig¥s vkSj 40 fnu ckn rd` nhokuh ikfjr fo|s;d` d`h ^R;” x¥fr;kÍ d`ks ^Lrkfor fnlEcj] 1954 d`ks ¥k;k x;k ƒk] tks eke¥kÍ eÍ lnL;kÍ d`h fxjŒrkjh ls mUeqfâ` laæks|ukÍ ds` vuqÔi æq* d`jrk gS\ ikfjr ugÓ gks ld`k\ [flfo¥ ^f∂`;k lafgrk d`h |kjk 135 ·d`‚ ]\ (18) laln }kjk fo|s;d` ikfjr gks tkus (5) tc laln d`k l( p¥ jgk gks rc ds` i'pkrΩ jkÆV_ifr d`h vuqefr ds` f¥, ^sf"r v÷;” ds` d`k;Z%v÷;” ds` d`k;Z fd`, tkus ls iwoZ v÷;” ml fo|s;d` d`ks lnu d`h vuqefr ds` fcuk lnL; d`ks lk{; nsus ds` f¥, lEeu ugha fn;k tk ld`rk gS\ vR;f|d` egRoiw.Z gß] D;kÍfd` laln d`h gLrk”j d`jds` ^ekf.r d`jrk gS\

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1612

(8) ¥ksd` lHk] jkT; lHk }kjk d`h xbZ (19) ¥ksd` lHk lfpok¥; ¥ksd` lHk v|huLFk fo|ku v÷;” ds` v|hu d`k;Z d`jrk gS\ ¥ksd` lHk ds` laLrqfr;kÍ d`ks Lohd`kj d`jus ds` f¥, ck÷; ugha leLr d`eZpkjh] ¥ksd` lHk ifjlj rƒk lqj”k gS\ vƒkZrΩ og laLrqfr;kÍ d`ks Lohd`kj Hh d`j (Subordinate Legislation or ld`rh gS rƒk vLohd`kj Hh d`j ld`rh gS\ ds` lEcU| eÍ mls iw.Z vf|d`kj fe¥s gq, gß\ Delegated Legislation) (9) ;fn ¥ksd` lHk jkT; lHk }kjk d`h fof| fuekZ. fof| fuekZ. d`k d`k;Z laln d`k gS] xbZ laLrqfr;kÍ d`ks Lohd`kj d`j ¥srh gS] rks og ¥sfd`u laln ds` ikl vf|d` d`k;Z ,oa d`e |u fo|s ; d` flœ`kfjækÍ lfgr ikfjr le>k laln nsæ d`h loksZPp O;oLƒkfid`k le; gksus ds` d`kj. laln dq`N fof| fo|kukÍ gS\ bld`k ^eq[ d`k;Z fof| fuekZ. d`juk gS\ tkrk gS\ d`h ds`o¥ Ôijs[k rS;kj d`j ikfjr d`j (10) ;fn ¥ksd` lHk jkT; lHk }kjk d`h fof| fuekZ. ds` f¥, ^Lrqr fd`, tkus ok¥s nsrh gS\ ml fo|ku d`h lw{e ,oa foLr~r xbZ laLrqfr;kÍ d`ks Lohd`kj ugha d`jrh] rks og Ôijs[k rS;kj d`jus d`k nkf;Ro d`k;Zikf¥d`k fo|s;d` nks ^d`kj ds` gksrs gß% |u fo|s;d` mlh Ôi eÍ ikfjr le>k tkrk gS vƒkZrΩ rRlEcfU|r foHkxkÍ d`ks lkßi fn;k 1. ljd`kjh fo|s;d`] tksfd` efU(;kÍ }kjk ftl Ôi eÍ ¥ksd` lHk us ikfjr fd`;k ƒk\ tkrk gS\ vƒkZrΩ ljd`kj }kjk ^Lrqr fd`, tkrs gß\ (11) |u fo|s;d`kÍ d`ks jkÆV_ifr lkekU; 2. xSj-ljd`kjh fo|s;d`] tksfd` eaf(;kÍ ds` ^'u-d`k¥ (Question Hour)%laln vfrfjâ` vU; lkalnkÍ eÍ ls fd`lh ds` }kjk fo|s;d`kÍ d`h Hk∑fr laln d`ks okil iqufoZpkj d`h d`k;Z okgh eÍ ,d` le; laln lnL;kÍ ds ` f¥, ugha Hs t ld`rk\ la l n }kjk ikfjr ^Lrqr fd`, tkrs gß\ gksus ds` i'pkrΩ jkÆV_ifr ml ij gLrk”j }kjk lEcfU|r ea(h ls ^'u iwNus ds` f¥, mi;qZDr oxhZd`j. ds` vfrfjDr fo|s- d`jds` mls vuqefr ^nku d`j nsrk gS\ fu|kZfjr fd`;k tkrk gS\ ;gh le; ^'u-

;d`kÍ d`ks fuEuf¥f[r Ôi ls Hh oxhZÎ`r fd`;k tk ld`rk gS% (1) |u

fo|s;d` (2) lk|kj. fo|s;d` 1. |u fo|s;d` (Money Bills)%|u fo|s;d` d`k rkRi;Z ml fo|s;d` ls gS ftlds` }kjk d`ksbZ d`j ¥xk;k ;k gVk;k tkrk gS] Hkjr d`h lafpr fuf| ;k vkd`fLed` fuf| ls |u d`h fud`klh] okf"Zd` ctV vkfn ls lEcfU|r gksrk gS\ d`ksbZ Hh fo|s;d` |u fo|s;d` gS ;k ugha] bld`k vfUre fu.Z; ¥ksd` lHk v÷;” d`jrk gS rƒk mld`k ;g fu.Z; pqukSrh ;ksX; ;k okn ;ksX; ugha gksrk\ lafo|ku ds` vuqPNsn 110 eÍ |u fo|s;d` d`h ifjHk"k nh xbZ gS\ |u fo|s;d` ikfjr d`jus lEcU|h eq“; ckrÍ fuEuf¥f[r gß% (1) |u fo|s;d` ^Lrqr d`jus ls ig¥s ml fo|s;d` d`ks ^Lrqr d`jus ds` f¥, jkÆV_ifr d`h vuqefr ¥suh vko';d` gS\ (2) |u fo|s;d` ds`o¥ ¥ksd` lHk eÍ ^Lrqr fd`, tk ld`rs gß] jkT; lHk eÍ ugha\ (3) d`ksbZ Hh |u fo|s;d` nksukÍ lnukÍ% ¥ksd` lHk rƒk jkT; lHk d`h%fd`lh la;qâ` lalnh; lfefr d`ks ugha lkßik tkrk gS\ (4) ¥ksd` lHk }kjk ikfjr fd`, tkus ds` i'pkrΩ |u fo|s;d` jkT; lHk d`ks ^sf"r fd`;k tkrk gS\ (5) jkT; lHk ls ;g vkæk d`h tkrh gS fd` og ¥ksd` lHk }kjk ikfjr |u fo|s;d` d`ks viuh flœ`kfjækÍ ds` lkƒ 14 fnu ds` vUnj ¥ksd` lHk d`ks okil d`j nsxk\ (6) ;fn jkT; lHk }kjk fu|kZfjr 14 fnu d`h vof| ds` vUnj okil ¥ksd` lHk d`ks ugha ¥kSVkrh gS] rks og |u fo|s;d` nksukÍ lnukÍ }kjk ikfjr le>k tkrk gS\ (7) jkT; lHk 14 fnu d`h vof| eÍ viuh laLrqfr;kÍ lfgr |u fo|s;d` d`ks ¥ksd` lHk d`ks ¥kSVk ld`rh gS] ¥sfd`u mleÍ d`ksbZ laæks|u vƒok d`VkSrh ugha d`j ld`rh\

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1613

2.

lk|kj. fo|s;d`%

(1) tks fo|s;d` |u fo|s;d` ugha gksrs] og lHh lk|kj. fo|s;d` d`g¥krs gß\ (2) lk|kj. fo|s;d` fd`lh Hh lnu ¥ksd` lHk vƒok jkT; lHk eÍ ^Lrqr fd`, tk ld`rs gß\ (3) lk|kj. fo|s;d` efU(;kÍ }kjk ;k fd`lh Hh lkaln }kjk ^Lrqr fd`, tk ld`rs gß\

laln d`k la;qDr vf|os'ku ;fn fd`lh fo|s;d` d`ks ¥sd`j nksukÍ lnukÍ eÍ erHsn mRiUu gks tk,] rks jkÆV_ifr nksukÍ lnukÍ d`k la;qâ` vf|osæu cq¥k ld`rk gS\ la;qâ` vf|osæu d`h v÷;”rk ¥ksd` lHk d`k v÷;” d`jrk gS\ ;fn og vuqifLƒr gks] rks ¥ksd` lHk d`k mik÷;” v÷;”rk d`jrk gS\ ;fn og Hh vuqifLƒr gks] rks jkT; lHk d`k milHkifr bld`h v÷;”rk d`jrk gS\ ;fn og Hh vuqifLƒr gks] rks ml le; mifLƒr fd`lh ofjÆB lnL; vƒok cuk, x, ukekÍ ds` iSu¥kÍ eÍ ls fd`lh O;fâ` d`ks mld`k ihBklhu vf|d`kjh cuk;k tk ld`rk gS\ la;qâ` vf|osæu eÍ fooknkLin fo|s;d` d`ks j[k tkrk gS rƒk ernku gksrk gS] tks Hh fu.Z; ernku }kjk gks tkrk gS] og eku f¥;k tkrk gS fd` mls nksukÍ lnukÍ us ikfjr d`j fn;k gS\ lafo|ku laæks|u fo|s;d`kÍ ij nksukÍ lnukÍ d`k la;qâ` vf|osæu cq¥kus d`k ^ko|ku ugha gS\ la;qâ` vf|osæu ds` f¥, x.iwfrZ lnukÍ ds` lnL;kÍ d`h leLr la“;k d`k nlok∑ Hkx gksxh\ (4) lk|kj. fo|s;d`kÍ d`ks ikfjr gksus ds` f¥, fuEuf¥f[r LrjkÍ ls xqtjuk iÈMrk gS% (i) ^Fke okpu ;k ^Lrqrhd`j.] (ii) f}rh; okpu] (iii) lfefr Lrj] (iv) ^frosnu Lrj] (v) r~rh; okpu\

d`k¥ d`g¥krk gS\ nksukÍ lnukÍ eÍ ^R;sd` cSBd` ds` ig¥s ?≥Vs ds` le; d`ks ^'ud`k¥ d`gk tkrk gS ftleÍ ^'u iwNs tkrs gß rƒk mud`k m®j fn;k tkrk gS\ lkekU;r# ^'u eaf(;kÍ vƒkZrΩ ljd`kjh lnL;kÍ ls gh iwNs tkrs gß\ d`Hh-d`Hh xSjljd`kjh lnL;kÍ ls Hh ^'u iwNs tk ld`rs gß\ ;fn bud`k fo"; fd`lh ,sls fo|s;d`] lad`Yi ;k vU; fd`lh fo"; ls lEcfU|r gks] ftlds` f¥, og lnL; m®jnk;h gks\ ^'ukÍ ds` ^d`kj%lk|kj.r# ^'u fuEuf¥f[r rhu ^d`kj ds` gksrs gß% (i) rkjkafd`r (Starred) (ii) vrkjkafd`r (Un-starred) (iii) vYi-lwpuk ^'u (Short Notice Question)

rkjkafd`r ^'u (Starred Question)%;fn lnu eÍ d`ksbZ laln lnL; vius fd`lh ^'u d`k m®j ekSf[d` Ôi (Oral) ls pkgrk gS] rks og vius ^'u d`ks rkjkad` (Star) ¥xkd`j foæs"kafd`r d`jrk gS\ ,sls ^'u rkjkafd`r ^'u d`gs tkrs gß\ rkjkafd`r ^'ukÍ d`k m®j fn, tkus ds` le; lnL;kÍ }kjk mlls lEcfU|r iwjd` ^'u (Supplementary Question) Hh iwNs tk ld`rs gß\ vrkjkafd`r ^'u (Un-starred Question)%tks ^'u rkjkad` (Star) }kjk foæs"kafd`r ugha gksrs] og vrkjkafd`r ^'u d`g¥krs gß\ ;g og ^'u gksrs gß ftud`k m®j lnL; f¥f[r Ôi eÍ pkgrk gS\ lnu eÍ bud`k m®j ekSf[d` Ôi ls ugÓ fn;k tkrk vr# bleÍ d`ksbZ iwjd` ^'u Hh ugha iwNk tk ld`rk\ bld`k m®j f¥f[r eÍ Vsc¥ ij NksÈM fn;k tkrk gS\ vYi-lwpuk ^'u (Short Notice Question)% vYi lwpuk ^'u fd`lh ¥ksd` egRo ds` fo"; ls lEcfU|r gksrk gS ftls

lkekU; ^'u ds` f¥, fu|kZfjr nl fnu iwoZ d`h lwpuk fn, tkus d`h d`e vof| eÍ lwpuk nsd`j iwNk tk ld`rk gS\ vkSj ;fn v÷;” d`h jk; eÍ ^'u d`k m®j rRd`k¥ nsuk vko';d` gks rks og funsZæ ns lds`xk fd` lEcfU|r ea(h ls iwNrkN d`h tk, fd` og m®j nsus d`h fLƒfr eÍ gS ;k ugha vkSj ;fn gS rks fd`l frfƒ d`ks\

vk|s ?≥Vs d`h ppkZ v÷;” lIrkg eÍ rhu fnu ;k rhu cSBd`kÍ eÍ vk|k ?≥Vk ,sls i;kZIr ¥ksd` egRo ds` fo"; ij ppkZ mBkus ds` f¥, fu;r d`j ld`rk gS] tks gk¥ gh eÍ fd`lh ekSf[d` ;k f¥f[r ^'u d`k fo"; jg pqd`k gS vkSj ftlds` m®j d`k fd`lh rF; fo"; ds` lEcU| eÍ LiÆVhd`j. vko';d` gks\ lnL; ml frfƒ ls ftl fnu ds` og fo"; d`ks mBkuk pkgrk gS mlls rhu fnu ig¥s egklfpo d`ks f¥f[r lwpuk nsrk gS rƒk la”si eÍ fo"; d`ks mBk, tkus ds` d`kj.kÍ d`ks Hh crkrk gS\ vk|s-?≥Vs d`h ppkZ eÍ lHk ds` lkeus u rks d`ksbZ vkSipkfjd` ^Lrko j[k tkrk gS vkSj u gh fd`lh ^d`kj d`k ernku gksrk gS\ æwU; d`k¥ (Zero Hour)%laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ eÍ ^'u d`k¥ ds` rRd`k¥ ckn d`k le; æwU; d`k¥ d`g¥krk gS\ æwU; d`k¥ ds` i'pkrΩ nksigj ds` Hkstu d`k le; gks tkrk gS\ (1) æwU; d`k¥ eÍ ,sls eke¥kÍ d`ks mBk;k tk ld`rk gS ftud`h d`ksbZ iwoZ lwpuk ugha nh tkrh rƒk ftud`k vfo¥Ecuh; egRo gksrk gS\ (2) æwU; d`k¥ eÍ mBk, x, eke¥kÍ ds` lEcU| eÍ fu;ekÍ d`k d`ksbZ foæs" micU| ugha gS\ (3) æwU; d`k¥ eÍ O;oLƒk cukbZ j[h tkrh gS rƒk ,d`-,d` lnL; d`ks cks¥us d`k le; fn;k tkrk gS\

vYid`k¥hu ppkZ %blds` }kjk lnu ds` lnL; ¥ksd` egRo ds` ,sls eke¥kÍ d`h vksj ljd`kj d`k ÷;ku vkd`f"Zr d`jrs gß ftUgÍ Vk¥k ugha tk ld`rk gS\ v÷;” vYid`k¥hu ppkZvkÍ ds` f¥, lIrkg eÍ nks cSBdÍ` fu|kZfjr d`j ld`rk gS\ d`k;Z-ea(.k lfefr lkekU;r# ppkZ ds` f¥, fo"; d`k p;u d`jrh gS rƒk le; fu|kZfjr d`jrh gS\ vioknkRed` fLƒfr;kÍ d`ks NksÈMd`j ^k;# ;s ppkZ,a eax¥okj o c~gLifrokj ds` fnu d`h tkrh gß\ Lƒxu ^Lrko%bl ^Lrko }kjk ,sls xEHhj eke¥kÍ ij lnu d`k ÷;ku vkd`f"Zr fd`;k tkrk gS] ftl fo"; ;k eke¥kÍ ij æh?z fopkj u gksus ij xEHhj ifj.ke gks ld`rs gß\ blf¥, lkekU; d`k;Z d`ks jksd`d`j mu eke¥kÍ ij rqjUr fopkj d`juk vko';d` ekuk tkrk gS\ ^k;# ,sls ^LrkokÍ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1614

}kjk ds`Unzh; ljd`kj d`h vlœ`¥rk d`h vksj lads`r fd`;k tkrk gS\ Lƒxu ^Lrko d`ks æke ds` 4 cts fopkjkƒZ f¥;k tkrk gS\ ¥ksd` lHk v÷;” Lƒxu ^Lrko ij ppkZ æqÔ d`jkus ds` ckn ml fnu rd` lHk d`ks Lƒfxr ugha d`j ld`rk] tc rd` fd` Lƒxu ^Lrko d`k fuiVkjk u gks tk,\ tc Lƒxu ^Lrko LohÎ`r gks tkrk gS] rc lHk Lor# gh Lƒfxr gks tkrh gS\ Lƒxu ^Lrko d`h LohÎ`fr ds` f¥, U;wure 50 lnL;kÍ d`h lgefr vko';d` gS\ ÷;kukd`"Z. ^Lrko%lnu d`k lnL; vfo¥Ech; ¥ksd` egRo ds` fo"; d`h vksj lEcfU|r ea(h d`k ÷;ku vkd`f"Zr d`j ld`rk gS] ij bl gsrq lnu d`h iwoZ vuqKk vko';d` gS\ ea(h ml fo"; ij mlh fnu lnu eÍ oâ`O; ns ld`rk gS ;k ckn eÍ oâ`O; nsus d`k le; ek∑x ld`rk gS\ ÷;kukd`"Z. ^Lrko d`h lwph f¥f[r Ôi eÍ egklfpo d`ks lEcksf|r d`h tkrh gS vkSj mld`h ^fr;k∑ v÷;” o lEcfU|r ea(h d`ks Hsth tkrh gß\ ¥s[kuqnku%vfxze vuqnku nsus d`h ¥ksd` lHk d`h æfâ` d`ks ¥s[kuqnku d`gk tkrk gS] ftlls ljd`kj vuqnkukÍ d`h ek∑xkÍ ij ernku gksus rƒk fofu;ksx o fo® fo|s;d` ds` ikfjr gksus rd` viuk d`k;Z p¥k lds`\ ¥s[kuqnku d`ks vkSipkfjd` eke¥k ekuk tkrk gS\ blf¥, ¥ksd` lHk bls fcuk fd`lh ppkZ ds` gh Lohd`kj d`jrh gS\ fofu;ksx fo|s;d`%tc lHh vuqnkukÍ d`h ek∑xÍ ikfjr d`j ¥h tkrh gß] rc vuqnkukÍ vkSj Hkjr d`h lafpr fuf| eÍ ls fofu;ksx d`jus d`h O;oLƒk d`jus ds` f¥, tks fo|s;d` j[k tkrk gS] og fofu;ksx fo|s;d` d`g¥krk gS\ ;g fo|s;d` fcuk fd`lh fojks| ds` ikfjr d`j fn;k tkrk gS\ fo® fo|s;d`%fo® fo|s;d` ctV isæ fd`, tkus ds` rqjUr ckn j[k tkrk gS\ bls ¥kus d`k fojks| ugha fd`;k tkrk\ bleÍ lkekU;r# vx¥s fo®h; o"Z ds` f¥, Hkjr ljd`kj ds` fo®h; ^Lrko gksrs gß\ ctV%^R;sd` fo®h; o"Z ds` lEcU| eÍ Hkjr ljd`kj d`k okf"Zd` fo®h; fooj. ;k vuqekfur vk; vkSj O;; d`k fooj. vke rkSj ij ctV d`g¥krk gS\ ¥ksd` lHk eÍ ctV nks ÔikÍ eÍ vkrk gS\ ^ƒe js¥ fo® ls lEcfU|r js¥ ctV vkSj f}rh; Hkjr ljd`kj d`h lewph fo®h; fLƒfr d`ks nækZus ok¥k\ lkekU; ctV ^fro"Z œ`jojh ds` vfUre d`k;Z fnol d`ks æke d`ks 5 cts vkSj js¥ ctV œ`jojh ds` rhljs lIrkg eÍ fd`lh Hh fnu ^Lrqr fd`;k tkrk gS\ rnƒZ ctV (Vote on Account)% ctV d`h ^Lrqfr vkSj ctV ds` ikfjr gksus

eÍ i;kZIr vUrjk¥ gksrk gS\ d`Hh-d`Hh ,slk Hh gksrk gS fd` vifjgk;Z d`kj.kÍ ls ctV fu|kZfjr le; ij ugha ^Lrqr gks ikrk\ bl vUrjk¥ d`h vof| eÍ O;; d`h iwfrZ ds` f¥, vuqekfur O;; ds` vuqÔi vfxze vuqnku d`h laln }kjk LohÎ`fr d`jk ¥h tkrh gS\ bls rnƒZ ctV ;k ‘oksV vkWu ,d`kmaV’ d`grs gß\ o"Z 1991-92 ds` f¥, pUnzæs[j ljd`kj }kjk ctV d`h ^Lrqfr eÍ fo¥Ec gksus ds` d`kj. mi;qZâ` mik; d`k vkJ; f¥;k x;k ƒk\ d`VkSrh ^Lrko (Cut-Motion)%ftl ^Lrko ds` }kjk ljd`kj ;k mlds` fd`lh foHkx }kjk |u ds` f¥, ^Lrkfor ek∑x eÍ d`VkSrh d`k ^Lrko fd`;k tkrk gS mls d`VkSrh ^Lrko d`grs gß\ bl ^d`kj d`k ^Lrko v÷;” vius foosd` ds` vk|kj ij LohÎ`r d`jrk gS\ d`VkSrh ^Lrko rhu ^d`kj ds` gksrs gß% ·d`‚ uhfrxr d`VkSrh (Disapproval of Policy Cut)%bl ^Lrko d`k mˆs'; fd`lh [kl ek∑x d`h i~ÆBHwfe eÍ fo»eku uhfr d`ks vLohÎ`r d`juk gksrk gS\ bl ^d`kj d`k fo|s;d` ^Lrqr d`jrs le; lnL; d`ks ;g crkuk gksrk gS fd` og ljd`kj d`h fd`l uhfr eÍ d`VkSrh pkgrk gS\ ·[‚ vƒZxr d`VkSrh (Economy Cut)%bl ^Lrko d`k mˆs'; fd`lh en eÍ ek∑xh xbZ jkfæ eÍ d`VkSrh gksrk gS\ ·x‚ ^rhd` d`VkSrh (Token Cut)%bl vkæ; ds` ^Lrko ds` vUrxZr fd`lh jkfæ eÍ 100 :i, d`VkSrh d`k ^Lrko j[k tkrk gS\ bld`k mˆs'; ljd`kj d`h fd`lh uhfr foæs" ds` ^fr fojks| ^d`V d`juk gksrk gS\ O;oLƒk lEcU|h ^'u (Point of Order) %O;oLƒk d`k ^'u ml fLƒfr eÍ mBk;k tkrk gS tc ^f∂`;k fo";d` fd`lh fu;e d`h vuns[h d`h tk jgh gks] ijUrq bld`k lEcU| mlh d`k;Z ls gksuk pkfg, tks lnu }kjk ml le; fd`;k tk jgk gks\ d`ksbZ vkif® O;oLƒk d`k ^'u gS ;k ugha] ;g fu|kZfjr d`juk lnu ds` v÷;” d`k nkf;Ro gS\

laln lnL;kÍ ds` osru-H®s laln lnL; osru] H®k vkSj iÍæu vf|fu;e 1954 ·;ƒk laæksf|r–2006 ‚ ds` rgrΩ lkaln inkof| ds` le; 16,000 :i, ekfld` osru rƒk laln lnL; ds` Ôi eÍ d`k;Z fd`, tkus ok¥s le; eÍ 1000 :\ ^frfnu d`h nj ls H®k ikus ds` vf|d`kjh gß\ 1976 ds` laæks|u }kjk ,d` ekieku ds` vuqlkj iÍæu ikus d`k vf|d`kjh gS\ vf|fu;ekuqlkj og ;k(k H®k] LVhej] js¥] ok;q;ku vkfn eÍ fu#æqYd` ;k(k d`jus d`k vf|d`kjh gS\

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ekuo iw∑th fod`kl ls ˜∑ps vkfƒZd` ,oa lkekftd` fgr ¥kH d`h izkfIr - MkW\ ';ke lqUnj ¯lg pkSgku ikjEifjd` Ôi ls Hwfe] Je ,oa iw∑th d`ks mRif® ds` lk|u ekuk tkrk ƒk\ ckn eÍ lkglh d`ks Hh ,d` lk|u ds` Ôi eÍ Lohd`kj d`j f¥;k x;k\ lq^fl* lektoknh fopkjd` d`k¥Z ekDlZ us Je d`ks gh mRif® d`k ,d` ek( lk|u ekurs gq, bls lokZf|d` egRo ^nku fd`;k\ blh Hkouk ds` rgrΩ iwoZ ds` lksfo;r la?] iwohZ ;wjksih; nsækÍ] phu] m®jh d`ksfj;k] fo;ruke ,oa D;wck tSls nsækÍ eÍ loZgkjk oxZ vkfƒZd` ,oa jktuhfrd` l®k ds` fæ[j ij igq∑pk] ¥sfd`u iw∑thoknh vƒZO;oLFkkvkÍ eÍ Je ·ekuo æfâ`‚ d`ks iw∑th d`h vis”k xkS. egRo gh ^nku fd`;k x;k\ foxr dq`N o"ksÛ ls Je ·ekuo æfâ`‚ d`ks ekuo iw∑th ds` Ôi eÍ Lohd`kj fd`;k tkus ¥xk gS\ vf|d`kaæ nsæ viuh ekuo iw∑th ds` fod`kl gsrq ^;Ruæh¥ gß\ vkokxeu ,oa lapkj ds` lk|ukÍ eÍ fod`kl rƒk rsth ls cÈ
ekuo iw∑th ds` ik∑p vfuok;Z rRo ekuokÍ d`k ,d` lewg ek( mUgÍ ekuo iw∑th ugÓ cuk nsrk\ ekuokÍ ds` lewg d`ks ekuo iw∑th ds` Ôi eÍ ÔikUrfjr d`jus ds` f¥, mud`h fo»eku fuiq.rk ,oa d`kSæ¥ d`ks cÈ
vfuok;Z Ôi ls ik∑p rRokÍ d`h vko';d`rk gksrh gS\ bueÍ ls dq`N d`ks jkT; }kjk rks dq`N d`k;ZLƒ¥ ij m»e }kjk mi¥C| d`jk, tkrs gß\ iks". ,oa LokLF; fæ”k ,oa d`kSæ¥ ls tqÈMs d`kjd`kÍ d`k fod`kl lkekU; Ôi ls jkT; }kjk iksf"r uhfr;kÍ ,oa lalk|ukÍ ls fofHUu d`k;Z∂`ekÍ vkSj ;kstukvkÍ ds` ek÷;e ls fd`;k tkrk gS\ csgrj LokLF; ds` lkƒ d`k;Z d`jus d`h æfâ` fod`flr gksrh gS] rks nwljh vksj csgrj fæ”k ,oa ^fæ”. ls O;fâ` ds` ckSf*d` Lrj eÍ rƒk d`k;ksÛ d`ks csgrj ¥ ns;rk ls mls ,d` ewY;oku vfLr cu ld`rh gS\ tula“;k ds` c~gr vkd`kj d`ks lalk|ukÍ d`ks [k¥h d`jus ;k mUgÍ vuqRiknd` rjhds` ls voæksf"r d`jus ok¥h cuus ds` ctk, mls ,d` ewY;– of*Zr ekuo æfâ` d`k foæk¥ H≥Mkj cuk;k tk ld`rk gS\ (2) vfH:`fp;kÍ d`h igpku ,oa d`kSæ¥ le~f*d`j.%lHh ekuo ,d`leku Lƒk;h fuf| ,oa vfH:fp ugÓ j[rs\ ^R;sd` O;fâ` ls] ,d` mRiknd` d`k;Z d`jus ok¥s d`ehZ ds` Ôi eÍ] loksZ®e mi¥fC| rHh gkfl¥ d`h tk ld`rh gS] tc mud`h Lo;a d`h æfâ` ækjhfjd` ,oa ckSf*d` rƒk eukso~f® d`k ¥{;kÍ vkSj d`k;ksÛ ds` lkƒ csgrj rk¥–es¥ gks\ os ekuo æfâ` ls lkekftd` æfâ` ds` Ôi eÍ f[¥ ld`rs gß\ cærsZ fd` mud`h vfH:fp;kÍ d`ks ÷;ku eÍ j[rs gq, mi;qâ` O;kolkf;d` ^fæ”. fn;k tk, rƒk usr~Ro]

lapkj] cspus d`h d`¥k] foi.u rƒk eks¥– Hko d`jus d`h rd`uhd` tSls ckSf*d` ,oa fofæÆVhÎ`r d`kSæ¥kÍ lfgr muds` vYi– nksfgr d`kSæ¥ eÍ o~f* d`jus ds` f¥, mUgÍ fu;fer Ôi ls ^sfjr fd`;k tk,\ (3) ^fæ”.%lwpuk ^kS»ksfxd`h lapkj ∂`kfUr] d`EI;wVj vuq^;ksxkÍ ,oa rhoz xfr ds` lkƒ fopkjkÍ d`ks d`k;ZÔi nsus ds` f¥, cÈ
^R;sd` d`k;Z leku d`kSæ¥ vkSj JsÆBrk ds` lkƒ ugÓ d`j ld`rk\ ,d` vPNs laxBu d`h JsÆBrk blh eÍ gS fd` og vius ;gk∑ d`k;ZjrΩ O;fâ`;kÍ ls ogh d`ke ¥Í ftls og loksZ®e n”rk rƒk xq.o®k ls d`j ld`rk gks\ fæ”k d`h ^.k¥h] ^fæ”. d`h fof|;k∑ ,oa laxBukRed` mˆs';kÍ d`ks lgk;rk nsus d`h rRijrk] lkfƒ;kÍ d`h HkoukvkÍ d`k vknj d`jus] tokcnsgh] foosd`] KkuktZu d`h ¥¥d` rƒk oSKkfud` lksp tSls ¥”.kÍ d`ks ewrZ Ôi nsrs gq, ekuo O;fâ`Ro fod`kl d`h vksj mUeq[ gksuk pkfg,\ (5) fopkjkÍ ,oa vuqHokÍ d`k vknku– ^nku%vius vki eÍ dw`i–e≥Mwd` u cud`j leku rjg ds` f∂`;kd`¥kikÍ eÍ ¥xs vU; O;fâ`;kÍ ds` lkƒ fopkjkÍ ,oa vuqHokÍ d`k vknku–^nku d`jus gsrq ,d` usVodZ` cukd`j Kku d`h ubZ ˜∑pkb;kÍ d`ks Nqvk tk ld`rk gS rƒk viuh ”erkvkÍ d`ks fod`flr fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ vkt foæs"KkÍ] fo}kukÍ] fopkjd`kÍ rƒk blh ^d`kj ds` ”s(kÍ eÍ d`k;Z d`jus ok¥s ¥ksxkÍ d`h laxksfÆB;kÍ rƒk lEes¥ukÍ eÍ lgHkfxrk }kjk ekuo mRœq`Y¥u d`k eqnΩnk Nk;k jgrk gS\

Hkjr eÍ ekuo fod`kl }kjk ekuo iw∑th fod`kl d`h j.uhfr Hkjr d`h x.uk fo'o ds` mu nsækÍ eÍ ls d`h tkrh gS tks oS'ohd`j. d`h vksj cÈ
bleÍ d`ksbZ lUnsg ugÓ fd` if'pe ds` fod`flr nsækÍ ,oa Hkjr ds` etcwr ^fr}U}h phu eÍ ‘o~*koLƒk d`h vksj cÈ
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Hkjr eÍ o;Ld` lk”jrk nj 39 ^frær gS] tks jok≥Mk ·35·1 ^frær‚ rƒk ek¥koh ·35·9 ^frær‚ tSls vfr fiNÈMs nsækÍ d`h rq¥uk eÍ Hh d`e gS\ ☛ ¯¥x ew¥d` fo"erkvkÍ ds` eke¥s eÍ Hh Hkjr d`h mi¥fC|;k∑ cgqr [jkc gß\ 15 o"Z ls vf|d` vk;q ok¥h o;Ld` efg¥kvkÍ d`h lk”jrk nj] iq:"kÍ d`h rq¥uk eÍ ds`o¥ 65·2 ^frær rƒk lfEef¥r ^kƒfed`–f}rh;d`–r~rh;d` ld`¥ ukekad`u vuqikr 87·7 ^frær gS\ Hkjr d`ks Kkuoku lekt cukus ds` f¥, ljd`kj d`h ^frc*rk fæ”k ds` vf|d`kj d`ks ekSf¥d` vf|d`kj cuk, tkus] fu#æqYd` e÷;kÕ Hkstu mi¥C| d`jkd`j vfHHkod`kÍ d`ks vius cPpkÍ eÍ Hstus ds` f¥, ^sfjr d`jus rƒk loZfæ”k vfH;ku p¥k, tkus ds` Ôi eÍ ifj¥f”r gks jgh gS] ¥sfd`u vHh Hh fæ”k ds` fijSfeM ds` vk|kj% ^kƒfed` fæ”k ,oa f}rh;d` fo»k¥;kÍ d`ks fæ”d`kÍ ds` osru eÍ lq|kj d`j rƒk csgrj xq.o®k ds` v÷;kid`kÍ ds` læfâ`d`j. fd`, tkus d`h vko';d`rk gS\ ^kƒfed` Lrj ij ukekad`u nj eÍ cÈ
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foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( d`h ^klafxd`rk - MkW\ujsUnzik¥ ¯lg gekjh vƒZO;oLƒk fujUrj fod`kl d`h vksj vxzlj jgh gS rƒk ljd`kj d`h uhfr Hqxrku lUrq¥u d`ks i” eÍ d`jus ds` f¥,] vk;kr eÍ d`eh rƒk mld`k ^frLƒkiu <w∑È<us d`h jgh gS] tcfd` ge fu;kZr ds` ”s( eÍ ihNs jg x,\ ¥ksxkÍ d`ks jkstxkj Hh i;kZIr ek(k eÍ mi¥C| ugÓ gks ik, vkSj vUrjkZÆV_h; ^fr;ksfxrk eÍ Hh rd`uhd`h d`eh ds` d`kj. ihNs jg x,] tcfd` fu;kZr eÍ o~f* bu lHh ds` f¥, vko';d` gS\ o"Z 1991 ds` vkfƒZd` lq|kj rƒk ubZ vkS»ksfxd` uhfr ds` ¥kxw gksus ds` ckn ls ifjn~'; eÍ ifjorZu vk;k gS vkSj fu;kZr o~f* d`h vksj ÷;ku ds`fUnzr fd`;k x;k\ fu;kZr o~f* ds` ¥{; d`ks ¥sd`j 1 v^S¥] 2000 d`ks foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( d`h Lƒkiuk d`h ;kstuk] rRd`k¥hu okf.T; ea(h eqjklks¥h ekju us ^Lrqr d`h ƒh\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( nsæ d`h ?js¥w lhek ds` vUnj fLƒr ,slk fofæÆV æqYd`-eqDr ”s( gS ftls O;kikj lapk¥u] æqYd` rƒk ^æqYd`kÍ d`h n~fÆV ls fonsæh ”s(kÍ ds` leku ekuk tkrk gS\ ;g ,d` ,slk vkS»ksfxd` ”s( gS tks lkekU; Ôi ls fuosæd`kÍ d`ks vkd`f"Zr d`jus ds` f¥, mnkj vkfƒZd` uhfr;kÍ ,oa vUrjkZÆV_h; Lrj d`h vk|kjHwr lqfo|kvkÍ ls lEiUu gS\ bu ”s(kÍ d`k ^eq[ mˆs'; nsæ ds` fu;kZr eÍ o~f* d`j fonsæh eqnzk vftZr d`juk gksrk gS\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ d`h Lƒkiuk ,sls LƒkukÍ ij d`h tkrh gS tgk∑ cUnjxkg] gokbZ vMΩMs o ;krk;kr d`h ^eq[ lqfo|k mi¥C| gks] rkfd` fu;kZr vklkuh ls fd`;k tk lds`\ ?js¥w O;kikfjd` ”s( ls ;fn d`ksbZ oLrq foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( eÍ vkrh gS] rks mls ?js¥w O;kikj ”s( ds` f¥, fu;kZr ekuk tk;sxk vkSj ;fn bld`k mYVk gksrk gS] rks vk;kr ekuk tk;sxk\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( eÍ vkus ok¥h oLrqvkÍ d`ks d`j-eqDr j[k x;k gS rƒk lkƒ gh bl ”s( ds` f¥, Hwfe mi¥C| d`jkus d`h ftEes n kjh jkT; ljd`kjkÍ d`ks lkßih xbZ gS\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ d`h Lƒkiuk d`k ^eq[ mˆs';] ds`Unzh; fcdz`h d`j rƒk lsokd`j vkfn eÍ NwV nsd`j] buds` }kjk mRikfnr ek¥ d`ks lLrk d`j] vUrjkZÆV_h; cktkj eÍ viuh id`ÈM etcwr cukus d`h gS\ bleÍ m»ksx txrΩ ds` f¥, Hwfe ds` lkƒ-lkƒ vkoklh;] æS”f.d`] d`k;kZ¥;h;] nwjlapkj o euksjatu d`h lqfo|kvkÍ d`k Hh ^ko|ku gS\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1617

d`ks lHh d`j ,oa vf|HkjkÍ] tS l s%fcdz`h d`j] oSV] pqaxh] LVkEi-MΩ;wVh] e≥Mh ^Hkj] fct¥h vf|Hkj rƒk jkT; ljd`kjkÍ }kjk ¥xk;s x;s lHh d`jkÍ ls eqDr j[k x;k gS\ lHh foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ d`ks vkil eÍ oLrqvkÍ vƒok lsokvkÍ d`h [jhn o csp d`h NwV ^nku d`h x;h gS rƒk lHh Hqxrku fonsæh eqnzk eÍ fd`;s tkrs gß\ bu ”s(kÍ eÍ vkoklh;] fæ”k ,oa æks| lqfo|kvkÍ ds` fod`kl gsrq Lopkf¥r ekxZ ls fonsæh fuosæ d`ks lkS ^frær d`h lqfo|k fod`kld`rkZvkÍ d`ks ^n® d`h x;h gS] lkƒ gh Lƒkiuk ds` 15 o"ks Û ds ` Hhrj] ^kjfEHd` 5 o"ksÛ rd` 100 ^frær] mlds` vx¥s 5 o"ksÛ rd` 50 ^frær d`h vk;d`j d`h NwV fe¥sxh] mlds` ckn 5 o"ksÛ rd` fu;kZr ls ^kIr ¥kH eÍ 50 ^frær d`h NwV Hh ^kIr gksxh rƒk foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( eÍ fofu;ksftr vk|kjHwr iw∑th d`ks" rƒk oS;fDrd` fofu;ksx ij ^kIr vk; d`ks Hh vk;d`j ls eqDr j[k x;k gS\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( }kjk ?js¥w O;kikj ls d`Ppk ek¥ iw∑thxr oLrq,a] eæhu ,oa vkStkj] d`k;kZ¥k; rƒk mi;ksx d`h oLrqvkÍ d`ks ^kIr d`jus gsrq fd`lh ¥kblÍl vƒok vuqefr d`h vko';d`rk ugÓ gksxh vkSj u gh bu ij fd`lh ^d`kj d`k d`j nsuk gksxk\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( fcuk fd`lh ifjiDork ærZ ds` 500 fef¥;u MkW¥j d`k ckÌ )`. ^kIr d`j ld`rk gS rƒk tks Hh fu;kZr ”s( ls vk; ^kIr gksxh mld`ks fonsækÍ eÍ fuosæ d`h NwV Hh nh x;h gS\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( d`ks c߯d`x bd`kb;kÍ d`h Lƒkiuk d`h vuqefr ^nku d`h xbZ gS\ bu ”s(kÍ }kjk fd`lh oLrq ds` vk;kr d`ks d`jus ds` f¥, ¥kblÍl eqDr j[k x;k gS\ fd`lh midz`e d`ks ægjh ”s( ds` foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( eÍ ¥s tkus ij iw∑thxr ¥kH eÍ NwV nh xbZ gS\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( eÍ fod`kld`rkZvkÍ d`ks ¥kHkaæ forj. d`j ls Hh eqDr j[k x;k gS\ vkWœ` æksj c߯d`x bd`kb;kÍ d`ks ik∑p o"Z rd` 100 ^frær rƒk vx¥s ik∑p o"ksÛ eÍ 50 ^frær vk;d`j ls eqDr j[k x;k gS\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( eÍ vUrjkZÆV_h; fo®h; lsok ds`Unz Lƒkfir d`jus d`k Hh ^ko|ku j[k x;k gS\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( ds` vUnj gq, vijk|kÍ ij Rofjr d`k;Zokgh vkSj tk∑p gsrq fofufnZÆV U;k;k¥;kÍ vkSj ,d`¥ ^orZu ,tsUlh d`h Lƒkiuk d`h ckr Hh d`gh x;h gS\ o"Z 2006 eÍ ,d`¥ f[ÈMd`h fuiVku tSls ^ko|kukÍ d`ks tksÈMd`j ljd`kj us bl ”s( ds` f¥, fu;ekÍ d`ks d`kœ`h lj¥ cuk fn;k gS\

foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( d`k U;wure ,fj;k 1000 gsDVsvj gksuk pkfg,] tcfd` ,d`¥ oLrq foæS" vkfƒZd` ”s( d`k ,fj;k 100 gsDVsvj gksrk gS] bleÍ 10 gsDVs;j ,fj;k ds` feuh tksu Hh ækfe¥ gß] tcfd` igkÈMh ”s( ds` jkT;kÍ eÍ cÈMs Hw[≥M ,d` lkƒ mi¥C| u gksus ds` d`kj. foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( d`ks cgqmRikn gsrq 200 gsDVs;j rƒk ”s( fofufnZÆV ds` f¥, 50 gsDVs;j ”s( d`h vfuok;Zrk j[h x;h gS\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( d`h Lƒkiuk fonsæh d`Eifu;kÍ ds` lkƒ-lkƒ ifC¥d` lsDVj rƒk ^kbosV lsDVj rƒk la;qDr Ôi ls] jkT; ljd`kj ;k mld`h fd`lh ,tsUlh }kjk d`h tk ld`rh gS] ¥sfd`u U;wure 1000 gsDVs;j ”s( j[us d`k ^ko|ku mRikn foæs" vkSj gokbZ vMΩMk vk|kfjr foæs" ”s(kÍ ij ¥kxw ugÓ gksxk\ dq`¥ ”s( ds` d`e-ls-d`e 25 ^frær Hkx ij mRikn rƒk vkS»ksfxd` xfrfof|;k∑ gksuh pkfg, tks vius leLr mRikn d`ks fu;kZr ds` Ôi eÍ cspsxh rƒk ckd`h cph Hwfe ij vkokl] Ldw`¥] d`k;kZ¥;] cktkj vkfn cuk, tk;Íxs\ bl ”s( eÍ ˜tkZ] ifjogu] lapkj] lqj”k tSlh lqfo|k,a Hh bl ”s( }kjk gh fod`flr d`h tk,axh\ Hkjr eÍ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( d`ks cÈ
^Lrqr fd`;k tkrk gS ftleÍ jkT; ljd`kj fopkjksijkUr] D;kÍfd` Hwfe ^cU| jkT; ljd`kj d`h gh ftEesnkjh gksrh gS] okf.T; ea(k¥;] Hkjr ljd`kj ds` ikl vuqeksnu gsrq ^sf"r d`jrh gS\ bl vkosnu ij okf.T; ea(k¥; d`h ,d` eaf(Lrjh; lfefr fopkj d`j vfUre Lohd~`fr ^nku d`jrh gS] tcfd` vko';d` vk|kjHwr
d`h vof| eÍ 53740 d`jksÈM :i;s ds` ^R;” d`j ·vk;d`j rƒk d`kWiksZjsV d`j‚] 48881 d`jksÈM :i;s ds` v^R;” d`j ·mRikn æqYd`] lhek æqYd`‚ d`k uqd`lku mBkuk iÈMsxk\ nwljh vksj ;kstuk vk;ksx Hh foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ d`ks D¥hu fpV ugÓ ns jgk gS\ X;kjgoÓ iapo"hZ; ;kstuk ds` f¥, ^Lrkfor elkSns eÍ vk;ksx d`k d`guk gS fd` oSls rks bl ;kstuk eÍ futh fofu;ksx d`kœ`h ek(k eÍ gks jgk gS] ¥sfd`u lkƒ gh d`bZ ^'u Hh [ÈMs fd`;s tk jgs gß ftu ij ÷;ku fn;k tkuk tÔjh gS\ d`gÓ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( flœZ` jh;¥ ,LVsV xfrfof| cud`j u jg tk, vkSj d`j fj;k;rkÍ ls Hkjh jktLo d`k uqd`lku u gks tk, ,slh vkæad`k,a O;Dr d`h tk jgh gß\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ d`k fojks| os fd`lku Hh d`j jgs gß] ftUgÍ eqvkots ds` Ôi eÍ ekew¥h |u nsd`j tehu ls csn[¥ fd`;k tk jgk gS] D;kÍfd` gekjs nsæ eÍ lhekUr fd`lkukÍ d`h la“;k vf|d`re gS vkSj mud`h tehu d`k vf|xzg. d`jds` muds` iquokZl d`h O;oLƒk Hh mfpr rjhds` ls ugÓ d`h tkrh gS rƒk fd`lku vkRegR;k d`ks etcwj gks tkrs gß\ gk¥k∑fd` ljd`kj d`k d`guk gS fd` foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( catj vkSj [srh ds` v;ksX; Hwfe ij gh cuk, tk,axs] ¥sfd`u ,slk ugÓ gks jgk gS\ ftld`k ifj.ke ;g gksxk nsæ eÍ [srh ;ksX; Hwfe ?V tk;sxh vkSj ftl ”s( eÍ xgu [srh lEHo gS] ogk∑ rks vkSj Hh vf|d` uqd`lku gksxk\ geÍ vius fod`kl ds` lkƒ-lkƒ i;kZoj. d`ks Hh vuns[k ugÓ d`juk gksxk] D;kÍfd` ;fn ge foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ d`h Lƒkiuk gfj;k¥h ”s( eÍ d`jrs gß] rks mlls fuf'pr Ôi ls gekjk i;kZoj. ^nw". cÈ<sxk ftld`k ifj.ke ge orZeku eÍ Hqxr jgs gß rƒk vkus ok¥k le; vkSj Hh H;kog gks tk,xk\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ d`h vkÈM eÍ Hw e kfœ`;k tehukÍ d`ks vkokl] fæ”k laLƒku] okf.T; ikWf¥lh ds` uke ij gÈMius eÍ lfdz`; gks tk,axs\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ d`ks cukus ls tks ¥ksx xzkeh. ”s(kÍ eÍ foLƒkfir gkÍxs mud`k i¥k;u ægjkÍ d`h vksj] jkstxkj <w∑È<us eÍ gksxk ftlls ægjkÍ d`h vkcknh eÍ csrgkæk o~f* gks tk;sxh vkSj bld`k nqÆ^Hko >s¥uk iÈMsxk vkSj d`kœ`h ¥ksx csjkstxkj gks tk,axs\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( ds` lEcU| eÍ fopkj.h; fo"; ;g Hh gS fd` blls ”s(h; vlekurk Hh cÈ<sxh] D;kÍfd` ;fn vHh rd` fLƒfr ij ge n~fÆV Mk¥Í rks vf|d`kaæ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( ,sls LƒkukÍ ij [ks¥s x;s gß ;k ^Lrkfor gß tks ”s( ig¥s ls gh fod`flr gß vr# fiNÈMs ”s(kÍ ds` fod`kl d`k ¥{; rks ek( liuk cud`j gh jg tk;sxk\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( eÍ m»fe;kÍ }kjk NwV ds` uke

ij d`j pksjh ,oa rLd`jh d`ks cÈs¥uk iÈMsxk\ ;fn ge ;g le>rs gß fd` foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ eÍ cÈMs iSekus ij jkstxkj iSnk gkÍxs] rks ;g Hh gekjh ukle>h gh gksxh] D;kÍfd` mRiknd`rk ,oa xq.o®k ds` uke ij vk|qfud`re VsDuks¥kWth d`k ^;ksx gksus ls ds`o¥ eqVΩBh-Hj ¥ksxkÍ d`ks gh jkstxkj mi¥C| gks ik,xk\ ge bl ckr d`ks Hh lqfuf'pr d`jus eÍ vleƒZ gkÍxs fd` foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ eÍ ukxfjd` lqfo|k] tSls% lÈMd`] fct¥h] ikuh] Ldw`¥] vLirk¥] vPNs vkokl] ekf¥d`kÍ }kjk ^nku d`j nh tk,axh] cfYd` ogk∑ gq, ^nw". d`k ^Hko ogk∑ ds` vU; ”s( d`ks Hh >s¥uk iÈMsxk\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( ls geÍ ¥xkrkj uqd`lku gh gksxk] ,slk ugÓ gS\ bu ”s(kÍ ls dq`N oxksÛ d`ks uqd`lku gqvk gS] rks ,d` cÈMs oxZ d`ks œ`k;nk Hh vo'; igq∑psxk\ ¥ksxkÍ eÍ œS`¥h vkæad`k fd` foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ ls fd`lkukÍ d`ks uqd`lku gksxk] mud`h Hwfe tcju vf|xzfgr d`j ¥h tk;sxh] ljd`kj d`ks jktLo d`h gkfu gks tk;sxh] i;kZoj. ^nw". cÈ<sxk] ¥ksx csjkstxkj gks tk,axs] ¥sfd`u blds` lkƒ-lkƒ dq`N œ`k;ns Hh bu ”s(kÍ d`ks ig∑qpÍxs\ ljd`kj }kjk dq`¥ d~`f" Hwfe d`k ,d` cgqr NksVk Hkx ek( 0·001 ^frær foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ d`ks vkcafVr fd`;k x;k gS vkSj ^;kl jgk gS fd` mUgÍ mfpr eqvkotk fn;k tk,\ tgk∑ rd` jkstxkj d`k ^'u gS] vkæk gS bl o"Z ds` vUr rd` foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ eÍ ^R;” Ôi eÍ 5 ¥k[ ¥ksxkÍ d`ks jkstxkj eqgS;k d`jk fn;s tk,axs rƒk v^R;” Ôi ls tqÈMs ¥ksxkÍ d`ks Hh 10 ¥k[ vfrfjDr jkstxkj mi¥C| gksus d`h mEehn gS\ d~`f" ,oa [k» ^laLd`j. ”s( eÍ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ ds` vkus ls fd`lkukÍ ds` gk¥kr ij Hh fuf'pr Ôi ls lq|kjkRed` ^Hko gksxk] tgk∑ rd` ljd`kj ds` d`j gkfu d`h ckr gS] D;kÍfd` iw∑th fuosæ futh ”s( d`k gksxk] vr# ljd`kj d`ks iw∑th d`h cpr gksxh vkSj buls tqÈMs vU; ”s(kÍ ij d`j ¥xkd`j ljd`kj dq`N gn rd` d`j ^kfIr d`j lds`xh vkSj NwV d`h le; lekfIr ds` ckn Hjiwj vk; ljd`kj d`ks ^kIr gksxh\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ eÍ tks Hh ^Lrko Lohd`kj fd`;s tk,a mud`h p;u ^fdz`;k LoLƒ ,oa ikjnæhZ gks rƒk fu;ekÍ d`ks vkSj vf|d` ^Hkoh cukus d`h vko';d`rk gS\ vkS»ksfxd` ,oa xSj-vkS»ksfxd` æs" i~ÆB 1631 ij

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flfo¥ lsok ds` fojks| eÍ rdZ` tqVkus ds` f¥, fd`lh ^d`kj ds` vknæZ d`h tÔjr ugÓ jg xbZ gß\ vkids` lkeus ;ƒkƒZ ds` gh brus v¥x–v¥x Vqd`ÈMs pkjkÍ vksj fc[js iÈMs gß fd` vki mueÍ ls d`ksbZ Hh Vqd`ÈMk mBkd`j mls flfo¥ lsok ds` flj ij ekj ld`rs gß vkSj fo'okl tkfu, fd` blls mlds` flj ls [wu Hh fud`¥us ¥xsxk] ¥sfd`u lok¥ ;g gS fd` vkid`ks bu rd`ksÛ d`h tÔjr gh D;kÍ iÈMuh pkfg, = ;fn flfo¥ lsok ijh”k eÍ cSBus d`h vkid`h vkd`ka”k mƒ¥h vkSj lrgh gS] rks vkid`ks esjh ;g fouez l¥kg gS fd` vki osctg viuk le; vkSj Je [jkc u d`jÍ vkSj vius vkid`ks blls v¥x d`j ¥Í\ eß v¥x d`jus d`h ckr blf¥, d`g jgk gw∑] D;kÍfd` ijh”k ek( eÍ cSB tkus ls vkid`ks fd`lh rjg d`k d`ksbZ ,slk lVhZfœ`ds`V ugÓ fe¥us ok¥k] ftls fn[kd`j vki d`gÓ ,d` D¥dZ` d`h Hh ukSd`jh ik tk,a\ u rks vkids` ck;ksMkVk eÍ d`ksbZ btkœ`k gksxk vkSj u gh vuqHo d`h lwph eÍ ,d` Hh æCn tqÈMsxk\ vkid`h mƒ¥h vkd`ka”k vkid`ks d`gÓ d`k ugÓ NksÈMsxh%u rks b|j d`k vkSj u gh m|j d`k\ vkt ds` ;qokvkÍ ds` lkeus flfo¥ lsok ds` ckgj brus lkjs volj ekStwn gß fd` lpeqp muds` cx¥ eÍ [ÈMk flfo¥ lsod` d`Hh–d`Hh d`kœ`h ckSuk ¥xus ¥xrk gS\ vki osru d`h gh ckr d`ks ¥s ¥Í\ vki bathfu;lZ] MkWDVlZ] ^cU|d`] ehfM;kd`ehZ] foKkiu rƒk lsok ”s( d`h vU; cgqr-lh ,slh Jsf.;k∑ gß] ftuds` osru d`h æqÔvkr flfo¥ lsok ijh”k ds` ek÷;e ls HrhZ gq, vf|d`kfj;kÍ ds` vUr ls Hh d`bZ xquk vf|d` gS\ fœ`j ogk∑ bruh d`fBu ^fr;ksfxrk Hh ugÓ gS\ ,d` ^ksœs`æu¥ d`kslZ d`j ¥hft,] vkid`ks d`gÓ–u–d`gÓ txg fe¥ gh tk,xh\ vkxs vkid`h viuh ”erk ij fuHZj d`jsxk fd` vki fd`ruh ˜∑pkbZ rd` tk ikrs gß\ ;fn vki eÍ ”erk gS] rks mld`k mi;ksx d`jus ds` vis”kÎ`r vPNs volj Hh ogk∑ ekStwn gß\ blhf¥,] flfo¥ lsok eÍ d`ke d`j jgs ge tSls ¥ksxkÍ ds` lkeus tc chl–ckbZl lk¥ ds` ¥ÈMds` vius fe¥us ok¥s iSds`t d`h ckr d`jrs gß] rks ,d` ckj rks vius d`kukÍ ij gh fo'okl ugÓ gksrk] ¥sfd`u ,slk gS] vkSj ;g lks¥gkÍ vkus lp gS\ blds` lkƒ gh] futh d`Eifu;kÍ eÍ vc tks lqfo|k,a fe¥us ¥xh gß] d`ke d`jus

d`k tks okrkoj. fe¥us ¥xk gS vkSj fœ`j ,d` d`Eiuh d`ks NksÈMd`j nwljh d`Eiuh eÍ vklkuh ls tkd`j viuh uhjlrk ls mcj tkus d`h tks lqfo|k,a fe¥h gqbZ gß] os Hh flfo¥ lsok d`h vis”k d`e vkd`"Zd` ugÓ gß\ bleÍ d`ksbZ nks er ugÓ fd` bu lkjh fLƒfr;kÍ us ^frHkæk¥h ;qokvkÍ d`ks flfo¥ lsok ijh”k ls d`kœ`h dq`N foeq[ Hh fd`;k gS\ esjs vusd` ofjÆB vkSj led`” flfo¥ lsod`kÍ ds` csVs vkSj csfV;kÍ us vius firkvkÍ ds` jkLrs ij p¥us ls lkœ` bud`kj d`jds` ,d` ^d`kj ls fonzksg d`h nqanqHh ctk nh gS] ftueÍ Lo;a esjk viuk csVk Hh ækfe¥ gS\ buds` ekrk–firkvkÍ d`ks Hh æqÔvkrh nq[ ds` ckn vc muls d`ksbZ fæd`k;r ugÓ jg xbZ gS\ blds` ckotwn ;fn vki flfo¥ lsok ijh”k eÍ tkus d`k fu.Z; ¥srs gß] rks eß le>rk gw∑ fd` vkid`ks ;g fu.Z; cgqr lksp–le>d`j f¥;k x;k fu.Z; gksuk pkfg,\ eß vkids` vius bl fu.Z; ds` i” eÍ tks ,d` cgqr Bksl ckr d`gus tk jgk gw∑ og ;g fd` d`Hh Hh flfo¥ lsok d`h rq¥uk cÈMh ls cÈMh d`Eiuh }kjk fn, tkus ok¥s cÈMs ls cÈÈMs iSds`t ls ugÓ d`h tkuh pkfg,\ ;g rq¥uk vius vkieÍ lgh ugÓ gS\ ,slk blf¥,] D;kÍfd` d`ksbZ Hh d`Eiuh vkids` ds`o¥ |u Hj nsrh gS\ blds` vfrfjâ` dq`N ,slk foæs" ugÓ] tks vkid`ks ,d` ,slk fofæÆV cuk lds`\ ftleÍ vki lpeqp eÍ vkRelarks" d`k vuqHo d`j ldÍ`\ flfo¥ lsok ijh”k H¥s gh vkid`ks bruk cÈMk iSds`t ugÓ nsrh vkSj lp rks ;g gS fd` og ,slk d`j Hh ugÓ ld`rh] D;kÍfd` og d`ksbZ cfu;k d`h nqd`ku ugÓ gS\ mld`k rks mˆs'; gh fcYdq`¥ v¥x gS\ mld`k mˆs'; gS% tu–thou d`ks ,d` O;oLƒk ^nku d`juk gS\ tc vki ¥ksx` ¥ksd` lsod` ds` Ôi eÍ d`ke d`jrs gß] rks vki iwjs fgUnqLrku d`h ^æklfud` O;oLƒk ds` œS`¥s gq, latk¥ d`h ,d` etcwr d`ÈMh gksrs gß\ vki bl ra( eÍ d`gÓ Hh cSBd`j vius vkid`ks iwjs nsæ ds` ,d` ?Vd` ds` Ôi ns[ ld`rs gß] ¥sfd`u ,d` cÈMh-ls-cÈMh d`Eiuh ds` cÈMs ls cÈMs vf|d`kjh gksd`j Hh vki [qn d`k foLrkj iwjs fgUnqLrku ds` ˜ij œS`¥s vkd`kæ d`h rjg ugÓ d`j ld`rs\ Lo;a ds` bruk foLr~r gks tkus d`h Hkouk d`ks eß flfo¥ lsok d`h ,d` cgqr vgeΩ nsu ekurk gw∑\ fœ`j] tc vki fd`lh d`Eiuh ds` f¥, d`ke d`jrs gß] rks mlds` ds`Unz eÍ equkœ`k d`ekuk gh gksrk gS\ ;g ckr v¥x gS fd` nsæ ds` vkfƒZd` fod`kl ds` ml d`Eiuh d`k æs" i~ÆB 1635 ij

dS`fj;j ¥s[

la? ¥ksd` lsok ,oa izkarh; ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ijh{kk gsrq ekuoækL( (Anthropology) d`h rS;kjh - fot; izlkn flag ekuoækL( la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ds` lkFk-lkFk jkT; ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ·ch\ih\ ,l\lh\] ts\ih\,l\lh\] ,e\ih\ih\,l\lh\ vkfn‚ eÍ lœ`¥rk ds` f¥, ,d` ¥ksd`fiz; ,oa vf|d` vad`nk;h ,sfPNd` fo"; jgk gS\ ekuoækL( ,d` ,slk fo"; gS ftleÍ ekuo d`k v÷;;u lexzrk eÍ fd`;k tkrk gS\ ekuoækL( ekuo ds` tSfod`] lkekftd`] lkaLÎ`frd`] vkfFkZd` ,oa jktuSfrd` ig¥wvkÍ d`k v÷;;u d`jrk gS\ ekuo ds` tSfod` ig¥w lEcU|h rF; tho foKku ls] lkekftd` ig¥w lektækL( ls] vkfFkZd` ig¥w vFkZækL( ls] jktuSfrd` ig¥w jktuSfrd` foKku ,oa ,sfrgkfld` ig¥w bfrgkl ls tqÈMk gS\ ;gh d`kj. gS fd` Nk( pkgs tho foKku ds` gkÍ ;k ouLifr foKku ds`] lektækL( ds` gkÍ ;k bfrgkl ds`] vFkZækL( ds` gkÍ ;k jktuhfrækL( ds`] mUgÍ eglwl gksrk gS fd` ekuoækL( ds` cgqr lkjs VkWfid` d`h tkud`kjh mUgÍ gS vkSj blf¥, mUgÍ ekuoækL( d`k v÷;;u d`juk vklku izrhr gksrk gS\ pw∑fd` ekuoækL( ekuo ls lEcfU|r ig¥qvkÍ d`k v÷;;u d`jrk gS] blf¥, ekuoækL( d`h fo";-oLrq vR;ar :`fpd`j gS\ fookg] ifjokj] ukrsnkjh] |eZ] tknw] VksVe ,oa Vscq bR;kfn ,sls VkWfid` gß] ftuls Nk( ifjfpr gksrs gß vkSj Lo;a d`ks lgt eglwl d`jrs gß\ tutkrh; Nk(kÍ ds` f¥, ;s VkWfid` cgqr gh vklku gß] D;kÍfd` ;s VkWfid` tutkfr lekt ds` lUnHZ eÍ gh iÈ
izkarh; ¥ksd` lsok ijh{kk eÍ d`e le; eÍ rS;kjh d`k ,d` vkSj d`kj. ikBΩ;∂`e d`k NksVk gksuk Hh gS\ la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx eÍ ,UFkzksiks¥ksth d`k ikBΩ;∂`e d`kœ`h cÈMk gS] ¥sfd`u izkarh; ¥ksd` lsok tSls%ch\ih\,l\lh] ts\ih\,l\lh\] ,e\ih\ih\,l\lh\ eÍ ,UFkzksiks¥ksth d`k ikBΩ;∂`e d`kœ`h NksVk gS\ gk¥kafd` 2008 eÍ la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx eÍ tgk∑ vU; fo";] tSls bfrgkl] Hwxks¥] ¥ksd` izcU|u bR;kfn ds` ikBΩ;∂`e cÈMs d`j fn, x, gß] ogÓ ekuoækL( d`k ikBΩ;∂`e d`e rks ugÓ fd`;k x;k] ijUrq dq`N O;ofLFkr tÔj fd`;k x;k gS\ rq¥ukRed` n~fÆVd`ks. ls ekuoækL( d`k ikBΩ;∂`e vc nwljs fo";kÍ ds` ikBΩ;∂`e ls cÈMk ugÓ d`gk tk ld`rk gS\ ;gh d`kj. gS fd` Nk(kÍ d`k :>ku ekuoækL( d`h vksj gksus ¥xk gS\ ekuoækL( ekuo ds` tSfod`h; ig¥w d`k v÷;;u mnΩfod`kl] izkbesV] œ`ksfl¥] tsusfVDl] iztkfr] iks". ,oa iztuu ls d`jrk gS\ tho foKku d`h i~ÆBHwfe ds` Nk( bl VkWfid` d`ks lgt eglwl d`jrs gß] tcfd` d`¥k lad`k; ds` Nk( bl VkWfid` d`ks FkksÈMk d`fBu ekurs gß] ijUrq okLro eÍ lgh ekxZnæZu ¥sd`j d`¥k lad`k; ds` Nk( Hh bl VkWfid` d`h rS;kjh vklkuh ls d`j ld`rs gß\ bl VkWfid` eÍ foæs"Î`r tSfod`h; Kku d`h tÔjr ugÓ gS\ izkbesV vkSj œ`ksfl¥ ds` v÷;;u eÍ fd`Muh] œs`œ`ÈMk] fnekx bR;kfn d`k v÷;;u ugÓ d`juk gS] cfYd` egt rhu foæs"rkvkÍ%[ÈMk gksus lEcfU|r lajpuk eÍ ifjorZu] nk∑r vkSj Ld`¥ (Skull) ds` ckjs eÍ gh v÷;;u d`juk gS\ ekuoækL( d`k p;u HkSfrd`h] jlk;u ,oa thofoKku ds` Nk(kÍ ds` f¥, Hh lgt jgk gS\ d`kj. ;g gS fd` ekuoækL( ds` v÷;;u d`k utfj;k Hh oSKkfud` gS\ ftl izd`kj xf.r eÍ ,d` œ`kWewZ¥k d`bZ iz'ukÍ d`ks g¥ d`jus eÍ enn d`jrk gS mlh izd`kj ekuoækL( eÍ lexzrk fl*kUr ,d` ,slk œ`kWewZ¥k gS] tks d`bZ iz'ukÍ ds` mÂkj f¥[us eÍ d`kœ`h mi;ksxh gS\ ftl izd`kj ekuoækL( ekuo ds` ik∑p ig¥w%tSfod`] lkekftd`] lkaLÎ`frd`] vkfFkZd` ,oa jktuSfrd` d`ks ÷;ku eÍ j[d`j ekuo d`k v÷;;u d`jrk gS] mlh izd`kj ekuo ds` fofHUu ig¥qvkÍ ls lEcfU|r iz'u tSls |eZ ds`

d`k;Z] tutkfr eÍ VksVe d`k egRo] Vscq d`k egRo] tutkfr ij xSj-tutkfr d`k izHko bR;kfn ds` mÂkj Hh ik∑p ig¥wvkÍ%tSfod`] lkekftd`] lkaLÎ`frd`] vkfFkZd` ,oa jktuSfrd` n~fÆVd`ks. ls f¥[k tk ld`rk gS\ bu ik∑p ig¥qvkÍ eÍ ,d` ;k nks d`ks NksÈMd`j d`kSuls vU; ig¥w ds` ckjs eÍ f¥[uk gS ;g D¥kl eÍ gh vPNh rjg le>k;k tk ld`rk gS\ fuEuf¥f[r ckWDl eÍ lexzrk fl*kUr d`h mi;ksfxrk d`k ,d` laf{kIr fp(. fd`;k x;k gS% 1. 2. 3. 4.

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|eZ d`k egRo D;k gS=%tSfod`] lkekftd`] euksoSKkfud`] vkfFkZd`] jktuSfrd`\ VksVe d`k egRo D;k gS=%tSfod`] lkekftd`] euksoSKkfud`] vkfFkZd`] jktuSfrd`\ Vscq d`k egRo D;k gS=%tSfod`] lkekftd`] |kfeZd`] vkfFkZd`] jktuSfrd`\ xSj-tutkfr d`k tutkfr ij izHko crk,a %tSfod`] lkekftd`] lkaLÎ`frd`] vkfFkZd`] jktuSfrd`\ tutkrh; leL;k,a f¥[Í%tSfod`] lkekftd`] lkaLÎ`frd`] vkfFkZd`] jktuSfrd`\ vuqlwfpr tutkfr d`h leL;k f¥[Í% tSfod`] lkekftd`] lkaLÎ`frd`] vkfFkZd`] jktuSfrd`\ tax¥ ds` d`Vko d`k tutkfr ij izHko crk,a%tSfod`] lkekftd`] lkaLÎ`frd`] vkfFkZd`] jktuSfrd`\ ukrsnkjh ds` d`k;Z f¥[Í%tSfod`] lkekftd`] lkaLÎ`frd`] vkfFkZd`] jktuSfrd`\ laLÎ`fr ds` d`k;Z f¥[Í%tSfod`] lkekftd`] vkfFkZd`] jktuSfrd`\

;fn mi;qZDr ckWDl ds` nh?Z fo";kÍ ij iz'u u iwNd`j ¥?q iz'u 200 æCnkÍ eÍ iwNs tk,a] rks ;g Hh tkuuk gS fd` ik∑p ig¥w eÍ f¥[uk fd`ls cgqr tÔjh gS= ik∑p ig¥w eÍ vxj rhu ig¥w f¥[ ikuk lEHo gS rc tSfod`] lkekftd`] lkaLÎ`frd` f¥[Í\ ;fn nks ig¥w f¥[uk gS rc tSfod` ,oa lkaLÎ`frd` f¥[Í\ bu ik∑p ig¥qvkÍ eÍ lcls egRoiw.Z ig¥w laLÎ`fr gS\ ekuoækL( eÍ lexzrk fl*kUr ,oa laLÎ`fr ij foæs" ÷;ku j[rs gq, iz'ukÍ ds` mÂkj f¥[us d`h tÔjr gS] ijUrq izk;# Nk( ekuoækL( ds` ig¥qvkÍ d`ks gYds`
eq“; ijh{kk ds` f¥, ekuoækL( d`h rS;kjh d`jrs gß] rks x¥rœ`geh ds` fæd`kj gksrs gß fd` mUgÍ dq`N VkWfid` d`h vPNh tkud`kjh gS vkSj f¥[d`j vPNs vad` izkIr d`j ¥Íxs] ¥sfd`u okLro eÍ lgh rF; f¥[d`j Hh mUgÍ vPNk vad` ugÓ fe¥ ikrk gS] D;kÍfd` os ekuoækL(h; utfj;k ls ugÓ f¥[ ikrs gß\ lgh f¥[uk vkSj lkFkZd` f¥[uk nksukÍ nks phtÍ gß\ mnkgj. ds` f¥, tax¥ ds` d`Vko d`k tutkfr ij izHko\ ;fn ;g iz'u lkekU; v÷;;u eÍ iwNk tk,] rks bleÍ oSKkfud` izHko] tSls%okrkoj. vlUrq¥u lEcU|h d`kj. nsus ls vad` fe¥ ld`rs gß\ okrkoj.h; d`kj. nsuk lgh gS vkSj lkFkZd` Hh] D;kÍfd` bld`ks f¥[d`j vPNs vad` ik, tk ld`rs gß] ijUrq ;gh iz'u ekuoækL( eÍ f}rh; iz'u-i( eÍ iwNk tk,] rks okrkoj. vlUrq¥u lEcU|h d`kj. lgh gksrs gq, Hh lkFkZd` ugÓ d`gk tk ld`rk gS] D;kÍfd` bleÍ vad` fn, tkus d`h lEHkouk cgqr gS\ ekuoækL( eÍ tax¥ ds` d`Vko d`k ‘lkaLÎ`frd` thou d`k Ökl’ ·VksVe] Vscq] lkaLÎ`frd` ig¥w d`k Ökl‚ lEcU|h d`kj. nsus ls gh vad` vPNs fe¥ ld`rs gß] blhf¥, f}rh; iz'u-i( eÍ Hh vPNs ekxZnæZu d`h tÔjr gS] rkfd` ekuoækL(h; utfj;k viukrs gq, mÂkj f¥[k tk lds`\ Hwxks¥ ds` Nk( ds` f¥, Hh ekuoækL( ,d` mi;qDr ,sfPNd` fo"; gS] D;kÍfd` Hwxks¥ ,oa ekuoækL( d`kœ`h tqÈMs fo"; gß\ Hwxks¥

eq “ ;r# okrkoj. d`k v÷;;u d`jrk gS\ nwljh rjœ` okrkoj. gh ekuo ds` tSfod`] lkekftd`] lkaLÎ`frd`] vkfFkZd` ,oa jktuSfrd` ig¥w d`ks izHkfor d`jrk gS\ fo'o ds` ¥ksxkÍ eÍ jax] ukd` ds` vkd`kj] d`n] osæHw"k] jgu-lgu] laLÎ`fr ,oa l˙;rk eÍ tks fofHUurk ,oa fofo|rk gS\ mld`k eq“; d`kj. okrkoj. lek;kstu gS\ bl izd`kj ekuoækL( ekuo ds` ftu ik∑p ig¥qvkÍ d`k v÷;;u d`jrk gS] mlds` f¥, okrkoj. d`h le rel="nofollow"> d`kœ`h tÔjh gS\ okLro eÍ Hwxks¥ ·okrkoj.‚ d`k Kku ekuoækL( d`h dqa`th gS\ ;gh d`kj. gS fd` Hwxks¥ fo"; d`h i~ÆBHwfe ds` ekuoækL(h] tSls izks\ ,¥\ih\ fo»kFkhZ us ifo( æadq`¥ d`h vo|kj.k ,oa izÎ`fr-ekuo-vkRek-lfEeJ. d`h vo|kj.k d`k izfriknu d`jrs gq, Hkjrh; ekuoækL( d`ks Hkjrh;rk iznku d`h\ izks\ fo»kFkhZ d`h vo|kj.k tutkrh; thou i*fr d`ks le>us ds` f¥, d`kœ`h mi;ksxh gS\

f}rh; iz'u-i( tutkrh; Hkjr # unhe gluSu vk|qfud` Hkjr eÍ lkekftd` ifjorZu # ,e\,l\ Jhfuokl Hkjrh; ekuo foKku # unhe gluSu Hkjrh; ekuo foKku # fi;ql izd`kæu V_k;c¥ d`Ypj vkWœ` bafM;k # ,¥\ih\ fo»kFkhZ Hkjr eÍ izkxSfrgkfld` laLÎ`fr # HVΩVkpk;Z ●●●

æs" i~ÆB 1616 d`k

bleÍ d`ksbZ lUnsg ugÓ fd` X;kjgoÓ iapo"hZ; ;kstuk eÍ fæ”k ij vf|d` [pZ d`jus ls ekuo iw∑th fod`kl d`ks ,d` ubZ fnæk fe¥sxh] fd`Urq ds`o¥ ifjO;; eÍ o~f* d`juk gh i;kZIr ugÓ gksxk] D;kÍfd` ;kstukvkÍ rƒk d`k;Z∂`ekÍ ds` f∂`;kUo;u Lrj lalk|ukÍ eÍ cÈMs iSekus ij gksus ok¥s fjlko ls ¥{;kÍ d`ks vuqeksfnr iqLrdÍ` mi¥fC|;kÍ eÍ cn¥us eÍ d`fBukbZ gksrh gS\ tc rd` Hkjr d`k ^R;sd` cPpk fo»k¥; izFke iz'u-i( eÍ ^osæ ¥sd`j ogk∑ Bgjrk gS rƒk ;qok lkekftd` ekuoækL( ·Hkx 1 ‚ # fi;ql Hkjrh;kÍ d`k ,d` cÈMk ^frær mPp fæ”k izd`kæu ,oa fofæÆVhÎ`r ^fæ”./d`kSæ¥ rd` igq∑p ekuoækL(h; fopkjd` # lgk; ,oa mik÷;k; ikrk gS ] rc rd` f}–vad`h; lao~f* d`k d`ksbZ ækjhfjd` ekuoækL( # :iqenu flag vƒZ ugÓ gS] D;kÍfd` mPp Lrj d`h ;g lao~f* u rks lkekftd` lerk ¥k,xh vkSj u lHh ækjhfjd` ekuoækL( # fi;ql izd`kæu ●●● oxksÛ d`k læfâ`d`j. d`jsxh\ ækjhfjd` ekuoækL( # ch\,e\ nkl

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izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1621

By : Abhinav Misra Code No. 1601 Price : 45/-

UPKAR PRAKASHAN, AGRA–2 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.upkarprakashan.com

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MkbvkDlkbZM voæksf"r d`jrs gß] ¥sfd`u buds` fujUrj d`Vku ls bl ”erk eÍ d`eh vkbZ gS\ bl ckj ds` lEes¥u eÍ oukap¥ d`h lqj”k ij tksj fn;k x;k gS\ Lej. jgs fd` 10 lk¥ ig¥s 11 fnlEcj] 1997 d`ks tkiku ds` D;ksVks ægj eÍ D;ksVks izksVksd`ks¥ ij gLrk”j fd`, x, ƒs ftl ij Hkjr lfgr nqfu;k ds` 89 nsæ ækfe¥ ƒs\ vejhd`k us bl ckj ds` ck¥h lEes¥u d`h Hk∑fr ml le; Hh D;ksVks ^ksVksd`ks¥ d`k fojks| fd`;k ƒk] D;kÍfd` mls vejhd`h jkstxkj ij iÈMus ok¥s ^frdw`¥ ^Hko d`h fpUrk ƒh] tcfd` gd`hd`r ;g gS fd` 27 vjc Vu xzhu gkml xSlkÍ d`k mRltZu d`jus ok¥s fo'o ds` leLr nsækÍ eÍ vds`¥k vejhd`k 6 vjc Vu] phu 5 vjc Vu vkSj Hkjr ek( 1 vjc Vu mRltZu d`jrk gS vkSj mlus Hh fiN¥s dq`Nsd` lk¥kÍ eÍ dS`Vjhuk gfjds`u] œ`ksjsLV œ`k;j d`k naæ >s¥k gS\ bleÍ nks jk; ugÓ fd` vejhd`k ds`
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·v:.kp¥‚ ij phuh nkok d`j v:.kp¥ d`s phu d`k fgLlk ekuk] ¥sfd`u gw fturkvks fookfnr eqnΩnkÍ ij tokc nsus ls cprs jgs\ bl ;k(k ds` nkSjku gw fturkvks us ;g Hh LiÆV d`gk fd` Hkjr ds` lkƒ nksLrh d`ks ^kƒfed`rk nh tk,xh\ gekjs lEcU|kÍ d`k oSf'od` egRo gS\ nksukÍ i” vkB ckj d`h ckrphr eÍ lhek fookn ij vkxs cÈ<us eÍ ukd`ke jgs] MsÈ< lk¥ ds` nkSjku Jh fturkvks vkSj Jh eueksgu ¯lg us 5 ckj eq¥kd`krÍ d`Ó\ f}i”h; O;kikj d`ks ¥sd`j vusd` le>kSrs gq,] ¥sfd`u lhek lEcU|h eke¥kÍ ij fd`lh Hh rjg d`k vk'oklu ugÓ fn;k\ phu us v:.kp¥ ^nsæ ds` iwohZ b¥kds` eÍ 90,000 oxZ ehVj rƒk tEew d`'ehj d`h 38,000 oxZ ehVj Hwfe ij voS| d`Ctk d`j j[k gS lkƒ gh ikd` vf|Î`r d`'ehj d`k 5180 oxZ ehVj ”s( Hh voS| Ôi ls ikfd`Lrku ls ^kIr d`j j[k gS\ bruk gh ugÓ ijek.q æfDr lEiUu nsækÍ d`h fcjknjh eÍ Hkjr d`ks ækfe¥ d`jus] lqj”k ifj"nΩ eÍ Hkjr d`h nkosnkjh ,oa ikfd`Lrku lefƒZr vkrad`okn ds` eqnΩns ij og pqi jgk\ ;»fi Hkjr vkSj phu ds` e÷; tks O;kikfjd` le>kSrs gq, gß mls Hkjr d`h vƒZO;oLƒk eÍ d`kœ`h vUrj vk ld`rk gS] D;kÍfd` 26 o"Z iwoZ Hkjr vkSj phu d`h ^fr O;fDr d`k vk; leku ƒh vkt phu d`h ^fr O;fDr vk; Hkjr ds` eqd`kc¥s
miegk}hi eÍ phu d`h lkefjd` mifLƒfr cÈkus ds` f¥, lger gks x;s\ orZeku eÍ phu d`k 60 ^frær ls vf|d` rs¥ œ`kjl d`h [kÈMh ds` jkLrs vkrk gS\ e¥Dd`k d`h [kÈMh vkSj fgUnegklkxj ds` jkLrs vk|s ls vf|d` O;kikj gksrk gS\ phu us bu t¥ekxksÛ eÍ Hkjrh; ukSlsuk d`h mifLƒfr d`k lkeuk d`jus ds` f¥, E;kaekj] ckaX¥knsæ vkSj ikfd`Lrku eÍ ukSlSfud` vMΩMs cuk f¥, gß\ v≠`hd`k eÍ Hh phu Hkjh ek(k eÍ fofuosæ d`j jgk gS\ nksukÍ nsækÍ ds` chp 50 ^frær okf"Zd` d`h nj ls O;kikj eÍ o~f* gks jgh gS\ 1990 ls 2006 ds` e÷; nksukÍ ds` chp O;kikj eÍ 700 ^frær d`h o~f* gqbZ\ orZeku le; eÍ ;g O;kikj 30 fof¥;u Mk¥j gS\ phu d`ks vius vkfƒZd` fod`kl ds` f¥, rs¥] xSl] ¯Vcj] v;Ld` tSls laæk|ukÍ d`h vko';d`rk gS\ v≠`hd`k ds` ^kÎ`frd` H≥MkjkÍ ij mld`h utj gS\ blf¥, v≠`hd`u ¥ks x kÍ d`ks Vh\oh\] jsf≠`tjsVj] d`kj vkfn mi¥C| d`jkd`j muls rk∑ck] ¯td`] d`ksckYV] rs¥ vkfn ^kIr d`j jgk gS\ ;fn phu d`ks fod`kl ds` f¥, ˜tkZ vkSj ^kÎ`frd` lalk|ukÍ rƒk cktkj d`h vko';d`rk gS rks v≠`hd`h nsækÍ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1626

ds` ikl bld`h d`eh ugÓ gS mUgÍ fuosæ vkSj nksgu d`h vko';d`rk gS] tksfd` phu iwjh d`j jgk gS\ E;kaekj ls mlds` O;kikfjd` lEcU|kÍ d`k vanktk blls gh ¥xk;k tk ld`rk gS E;kaekj d`k 3/4 fef¥V_h gkMZos;j phu fufeZr gS\ foxr nks næd`kÍ ls mlus E;kaekj d`ks vkfƒZd`] jktuhfrd`] lSfud`] xBca|u eÍ td`ÈM j[k gS\ E;kaekj d`ks vjkd`u ds` rV ij ukSlsuk vkSj mlds` vMΩMkÍ d`ks vk|qfud` rd`uhfd` ls lfTtr d`jus eÍ lgk;rk ^nku d`j jgk gS\ Hkjr ds` ds`Unz ækflr ^nsæ v≥Meku fud`ksckj }hi lewg eÍ E;kaekj fu;af(r ‘d`ksd`ks’ }hi d`ks phu us Vksgh vkSj [qfœ`;k LVsæu ds` Ôi eÍ fod`flr d`j f¥;k gS\ E;kaekj ds` ^eq[ xSl H≥MkjkÍ d`k phu nksgu d`j jgk gS\ phu d`ks fgUn egklkxj] v≠`hd`k vkSj nf”. ,fæ;k rd` igq∑pus eÍ E;kaekj d`h egRoiw.Z Hwfed`k jgh gS\ blf¥, gj eap ij E;kaekj d`ks lgk;rk igq∑pkus ok¥s phu d`ks og cÈMk HkbZ ekuus ¥xk gS\ ckaX¥knsæ eÍ phuh joS;s d`ks utjvankt ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ ckaX¥knsæ d`k m®j-iwohZ jkT;kÍ eÍ ^osæ vkSj ftgknh vkrad`okn tSls eqnΩnkÍ ij Hkjr ,oa ckaX¥knsæ ds` chp fookn d`ks phu us vius ¥kH ds` f¥, Hquk;k gS\ phu-ckaX¥knsæ ds` pVxk∑o canjxkg rd` ukS-lSfud` igq∑p cukus ds` lkƒ gh ogk∑ ds` ^kÎ`frd` xSl H≥MkjkÍ ij viuk ^HqRo trkus gsrq ,d` lÈMd` ekxZ cukuk pkgrk gS] tks E;kaekj ds` jkLrs phu eÍ tkrk gS\ phu-ckaX¥knsæ d`ks gfƒ;kj mi¥C| d`jus ok¥k lcls ^eq[ jkÆV_ gS\ phu d`h fgUn egklkxj ij utj gksus ds` d`kj. og ek¥nho eÍ Hh vMΩMk cukus ds` f¥, ^;kljr gS\ xro"Z Hkjr }kjk ek¥nho d`ks ;q*iksr vkSj j”k lkexzh nsus d`h ?ks".k ds` ihNs ;gh d`kj. ƒk fd` phu d`h vksj ek¥nho d`k >qd`ko u gks lds`\ ikfd`Lrku vkSj phu ds` lEcU| rks txtkfgj gß\ ikfd`Lrku ds` gj rjg ds` fod`kl eÍ phu d`h vxz.h; Hwfed`k jgh gS\ ijek.q ce ds` C¥w¯^V ls ¥sd`j ,œ`% 7 ¥ÈMkdw` ce cukus] mUur rd`uhd`h ds` Vßd`] felkb¥Í] ,;j ∂`kŒV jks|h flLVe phu ds` lg;ksx ls ikfd`Lrku ^kIr d`j pqd`k gS\ phu gesæk ls ikfd`Lrku d`ks Hkjr ds` lkƒ m¥>k;s j[us eÍ lgk;rk d`jrk jgk gS\ œ`kjl d`h [kÈMh rd` igq∑p cuk;s j[us eÍ phu us ikfd`Lrku ds` c¥wfpLrku ^kUr eÍ Xoknj canjxkg fod`flr d`jus ds` f¥, rd`uhd`h ,oa vkfƒZd` lgk;rk ^nku d`h\ Xoknj ds` tfj, phu d`ks u ds`o¥ œ`kjl d`h [kÈMh rd` lkefjd` igq∑p fe¥sxh] cfYd` [kÈMh nsækÍ ls vkus ok¥s rs¥ fæiesUV d`h lqj”k ds` f¥, fgUn egklkxj

eÍ ,d` egRoiw.Z vMΩMk Hh fe¥ tk,xk\ ;»fi Hkjr us Xoknj canjxkg d`k tokc bZjku eÍ pkgcgkj canjxkg cukd`j nsus d`k ^;kl fd`;k gS\ usik¥ ftl vfLƒjrk o vækfUr ds` nkSj ls xqtj jgk gS mlds` ihNs phuh lefƒZ r ekvks o kfn;kÍ d`h xfrfof|;k∑ txtkfgj gß\ ekvksokfn;kÍ us u ds`o¥ usik¥ d`ks gh] cfYd` Hkjr eÍ Hh viuh xfrfof|;k∑ æqÔ d`j j[h gß\ frCcr ij d`Ctk d`jus ds` ckn usik¥ ds` jkLrs phu Hkjr d`h lhekvkÍ ds` fud`V vk x;k gS\ phu Hkjr ds` lhekorhZ ”s( usik¥ ds` iƒ¥fguk ls ckaX¥knsæ d`h lhek d`kd`jehVΩBk rd` œ`ksj¥su V_sfœ`d` iƒ d`k fuekZ. d`j pqd`k gS\ frCcr fLƒr ”s( eÍ phu vius gokbZ vMΩMkÍ ,oa gokbZ ifVΩV;kÍ d`h ¥EckbZ 3000 œ`hV ls cÈ
phu-ikd` ds` e÷; iuirs lkefjd` lEcU| vkSj Hkjrh; lqj”k uhfr Hkjrh; lqj”k ds` f¥, lcls cÈMk [rjk phu ikd` xBtksÈM jgk gS\ ikd` phu ds` e÷; lkefjd` lEcU|kÍ d`ks Hh geÍ utjvankt ugÓ d`juk pkfg,\ phu }kjk ikfd`Lrku ds` lkƒ lEcU| cÈ
phu] ikfd`Lrku vkSj Hkjr d`h lSU;æfDr d`h rq¥uk-1 eq“; lSU; c¥ ƒ¥lsuk lkefjd` c¥ lsuk/d`ekUM d`ksj/baVhxzsVsM c¥ vkeZMZ fMohtu eSds`ukbTM fMohtu bUœß`V_hekmaVsu fMohtu ,;jcksuZ V_Il Lora( fczxsM eq“; ;q*d` Vßd` c“rjcan ;q*d` okgu/tokukÍ d`ks ¥s tkus ok¥s okgu vkfVZ¥jh Vqd`fÈM;k∑ ok;qlsuk

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phu ikfd`Lrku Hkjr 7 fMohtu ·U;wfD¥j 5 fMohtu ijEijkxr 5 fMohtu ijEijkxr ”erk lfgr‚ 7 lSfud` ”s( — 5 d`ekUM 24 10 10 76

9 2 — 19

10 2 1 21 + 11 = 32

3 fMohtu 10 10,000 5,000

1 fczxsM 12 2,800 800

2 fczxsM 15 3,200 900

15,000 lSfud` 4,70,000 200 ¥ÈMkdw` LDokM_u

1,400 38,000 8 ¥ÈMkdw`bZVj

lSŒVj LDokM_u 120 LV_kbd` LDokM_u 10 œ`kbVj xzkmaM rƒk 42 vU; ceo"Zd` vVSd` LDokM_u 1 fjd`ukblÍl LDokM_u 2 ifjogu LDokM_u

2,500 1,15,000 13 œ`kbVj

/ baVjlSŒVj LDokM_u 19 ,;j fMœß`l 3 LDokM_u fjd`ukblÍl LDokM_u 13 ifjogu LDokM_u

2,60,000 (38,000 eSfjuj‚

30,000

47,000 (1,000 eSfjuj‚

phu Hkjr ds` fo:* fcuk gfƒ;kj p¥k;s gh] gfƒ;kjkÍ d`h vkiwfrZ ds` ek÷;e ls Hkjr ds` lkƒ ;q* NsÈMs gq, gß\ 1962 ds` ckn ls gh phu Hkjr d`ks ?sjus ds` f¥, ^;kljr jgk gS\ Hkjr d`h lksfo;r la? ds` lkƒ fe(rk phu d`h jkg eÍ vojks|d` ƒh\ blf¥, 70 ds` næd` ls gh æhr ;q* d`h ekStwnxh eÍ phu us vejhd`k ls lEcU| cÈ
lHh fu;ekÍ d`h vuns[h d`j ijek.q rd`uhd`h laæks|u ifjÆd`j.] ^fæ”.] d`¥iqtsZ rƒk mid`j. Hh ^nku fd`,\ 1990 eÍ phu o ikd` us iwjs næd` ds` f¥, le>kSrk d`j Mk¥k ftleÍ gfƒ;kjkÍ d`h vkiwfrZ ds` lkƒ gh lkƒ æks| ,oa rd`uhd`h fod`kl ds` LƒkukUrj. d`k ^ko|ku Hh ækfe¥ ƒk\ ikfd`Lrku ls ^kIr ,e%9 vkSj ,e%11 d`ks Hkjrh; lhek ij rSukr d`j j[k gS\ ikfd`Lrku ds` ikl vuqekur# 84 ,e%11 felkb¥ gS tksfd` 800 fd`xzk d`h foLœ`ksVd` lkexzh ¥sd`j 950 fd`eh d`h nwjh rd` ekj d`jus eÍ l”e gS\ ,e% 11 felkb¥kÍ eÍ laæks|u d`jds` bUgÍ U;wfD¥;j okjgsM ·ijek.q ;q* æh"Z‚ ¥s tkus ¥k;d` cuk fn;k x;k gS\ bUgÍ ,;j∂`kŒV ls Hh nkxk tk ld`rk gS\ lkefjd` ;kstukvkÍ ds` ckjs eÍ LiÆV gksrk gS fd` phu d`h Hkjh Hjd`e t¥ƒ¥-uH lsukvkÍ ij œ`kSth ctV eÍ Hkjh o~f* ds` tfj, vkSj T;knk O;; fd`;k tk jgk gS\ vejhd`h lh\vkbZ\,\ }kjk tkjh rF; iqfLrd`k ds` eqrkfcd` dq`¥ O;; d`h n~fÆV ls phu d`k O;; lokZf|d` (67·50 vjc‚ vejhd`h Mk¥j gS tks mlds` dq`¥ thMhih d`k 4·30 œ`hlnh gS\ th\Mh\ih\ d`h n~fÆV ls ikd` lokZf|d` O;; d`jrk gS tks

4·90

^frær gS\ nwljh vksj tkiku d`k dq`¥ th\Mh\ih\ 2·93 ^frær gS\ blls LiÆV gksrk gS fd` phu vkSj Hkjr j”k O;; eÍ fd`ruk vUrj gS\ HfoÆ; eÍ og vejhd`k ds` ckn lokZf|d` etcwr æfDr cu ld`rk gS\ phu d`h ,fæ;kbZ ds` cÈMs fgLlkÍ eÍ nkosnkjh ge¥koj lkezkT;okn d`h vksj |ds`¥ jgh gS\ foæs"KkÍ d`k vkd`¥u gS fd` if'peh ^ækUr egklkxj vkSj nf”.h phu lkxj eÍ 2010 rd` phu d`k ^HqRoæk¥h leqnzh ?sjk tkiku rkboku fœ`¥hihUl vkSj ,sls vU; nsækÍ ftud`k if'peh ^'kkar ”s( eÍ ,d` la^Hw vfLrRo gS vius Hhrj lesV ¥sxk\ blds` ckn phuh leqnzh æfDr ds` e¥Dd`k t¥MeÔe÷; ls gksrs gq, caxk¥ d`h [kÈMh rd` igq∑pus eÍ cgqr d`e le; ¥xsxk\ ,slh gk¥r eÍ vaMeku fLƒr Hkjrh; ukSlSfud` vMΩMs d`h lqj”k d`ks [rjk gks tk,xk\ ml gk¥r eÍ fgUn egklkxj eÍ Hkjr d`h leqnzh egRokd`ka”k,a |w¥ eÍ fe¥ tk,axh\ mi;qZDr fo'¥s". ls LiÆV gksrk gS fd` dq`¥ fe¥kd`j vius iÈMkslh æ(q ikfd`Lrku o phu ds` lkƒ Hkjr ds` lEcU|kÍ eÍ d`ksbZ [kl lj¥hd`j. ugÓ vk ik;k gS\ Hkjr ds` iÈMkslh æ(q phu] ikfd`Lrku ,d`tqVrk ds` lkƒ Hkjr fojks|h xfrfof|;kÍ ls Hkjr ds` vUrjkZÆV_h; jktuhfr eÍ cÈ
New NEW Release Release

(According to the New Syllabus)

By : Dr. M. P. Sinha Code No. 1602 Rs. 210/-

UPKAR PRAKASHAN, AGRA-2 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.upkarprakashan.com

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E;kaekj # ¥ksd`ra( ds` f¥, la?"Zjr ,d` nsæ - cchrk 1962 ls gh lSU; æklu ds` v|hu jgus ok¥s E;kaekj eÍ ¥ksd`ra( ds` f¥, vkUnks¥u ;»fi ig¥s Hh gq, gß vkSj mud`k [wuh neu Hh gqvk gS\ 1998 eÍ rks ,sls neu eÍ 3000 vkUnks¥ud`kjh ekjs x, ƒs] exj flrEcj 2007 eÍ tks ¥ksd`ra( leƒZd` vkUnks¥u gq, og d`bZ ek;us eÍ ig¥s ls v¥x gß\ ig¥h ckj bruh cÈMh la“;k eÍ vke turk ekStwnk lSfud` ljd`kj ds` fojks| vkSj ¥ksd`ra( ds` leƒZu eÍ lÈMd`kÍ ij vkbZ\ bueÍ v¯glk ds` ^fr lefiZr ckS* fH”q Hh cÈMh la“;k eÍ ƒs\ bu ækfUriw.Z ^næZukÍ ds` ¯gld` neu ds` f[¥kœ` fo'o leqnk; us Hh ig¥s ls d`ÈMk :[ viuk;k gS\ rktk ?Vuk∂`e eÍ 26 flrEcj d`ks ckS* fH”qvkÍ ds` ækfUriw.Z fojks| ^næZu d`ks frrj–fcrj d`jus ds` f¥, d`h xbZ lSU; d`k;Zokgh eÍ 11 ckS* fH”q ,oa ,d` fonsæh ·tkikuh‚ i(d`kj ekjk x;k] ¥sfd`u blls vkUnks¥u ncus ds` ctk, vkSj HÈMd` x;k rƒk 27 flrEcj d`ks d`Œ;wZ ds` ckotwn jkt|kuh ;kaxwu eÍ fœ`j ^næZu gq,\ fojks| vkUnks¥u vU; ægjkÍ rd` Hh œS`¥k\ 28 flrEcj d`ks ljd`kj }kjk baVjusV lsok ij Hh jksd` ¥xk nh xbZ] ¥sfd`u O;kid` fojks| ds` ckn vx¥s gh fnu bl vknsæ d`ks okil ¥s f¥;k x;k\ ¥ksd`ra( leƒZd` ækfUriw.Z vkUnks¥ud`kfj;kÍ ds` neu d`h fo'o Hj eÍ O;kid` vk¥kspuk gqbZ\ nf”.–iwoZ ,fæ;kbZ nsækÍ ds` laxBu vkfl;ku us bl ij d`ÈMh ^frf∂`;k O;â` d`h\ vejhd`k vkSj fczVsu us E;kaekj ds` j”k ea(h] lsuk÷;” vkSj d`k;Zokgd` ^|kuea(h lfgr pkSng ofjÆB vf|d`kfj;kÍ ds` f[¥kœ` vkfƒZd` ^frcU| ¥xk;k rƒk phu ls Hh ,slk d`jus d`k vkxzg fd`;k\ vejhd`k ds` vf|d`kj ”s( eÍ vkus ok¥s buds` cßd` [krs ,oa vU; lEif®;kÍ d`ks lh¥ d`jus d`ks d`gk x;k\ vkLV_sf¥;k us Hh E;kaekj ds` f[¥kœ` vkfƒZd` ^frcU| ?ksf"r d`j fn;k\ la;qâ` jkÆV_ la? us E;kaekj ds` eke¥s d`ks lq¥>kus ds` f¥, bczkfge xkEcjh d`ks viuk foæs" nwr fu;qâ` fd`;k\ bu nckokÍ ds` d`kj. ljd`kj us Je miea(h vkax d`h d`ks ¥ksd`ra( leƒZd` foi”h usrk vkax lku lw d`h] tksfd` fiN¥s 17 o"ksÛ ls vius ?j eÍ utjcUn gß] ls okrkZ ds` f¥, eq“;

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1628

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E;kaekj d`h usrk vkax lku lw d`h o la;qDr jkÆV_ la? ds` foæs" nwr bczkfge xkEcjh

bfrgkl 1937 eÍ fczfVæ ljd`kj us bls Hkjr ls v¥x d`j fn;k ƒk\ jkÆV_okfn;kÍ ds` usr~Ro eÍ 4 tuojh] 1948 d`ks cekZ ,d` Lora( x.ra( ?ksf"r gqvk ij blds` æh?z ckn cekZ ds` lkE;oknh vkSj nwljs Lƒkuh; d`ch¥kÍ us fonzksg d`j fn;k\ nsæ eÍ ,d` rjg ls x~g;q* p¥rk jgk\ ij lalnh; ^tkra( d`k;e jgk\ ig¥h ckj 1958 eÍ ;gk∑ lsuk us l®k gfƒ;k ¥h rƒk iqu# 2 ekpZ] 1962 d`ks tuj¥ us fou ds` usr~Ro eÍ lsuk us l®k gfƒ;k ¥h\ blus laln d`ks Hax d`j fjoksY;wæu d`kWfUl¥ d`h Lƒkiuk d`h] us fou ds` æklud`k¥ eÍ cekZ d`h vkfƒZd` gk¥r rsth ls fcxÈMrh xbZ\ 1981 eÍ us fou d`h txg lku ;w cekZ ds` jkÆV_ifr gq,\ cekZ d`h loZ^eq[ jktuhfrd` ikVhZ ‘cehZt lksæf¥LV ^ksxzke ikVhZ’ ds` ps;jeSu ds` Ôi eÍ us fou d`k æklu eÍ n[¥ jgk\ bl chp us fou vkSj lku ;w ds` f[¥kœ` nsæ eÍ fonzksg gksus ¥xs\ œ`¥r# nksukÍ us tq¥kbZ 1988 eÍ vius– vius inkÍ ls R;kxi( ns fn;k\ ;»fi mud`k æklu ij ijks” Ôi ls ^Hko cuk jgk\ tuj¥ lks ekÍx nsæ ds` u, jkÆV_k÷;” vkSj ækluk÷;” cus\ ftUgkÍus cÈMh csjgeh ls fonzksfg;kÍ d`ks dq`p¥k\ ekÍx us æklu p¥kus ds` f¥, ‘LVsV ¥kW ,≥M vkWMZj jsLVksjsæu d`kmafl¥’ (SLORC) d`h Lƒkiuk d`h vkSj iwjs nsæ d`k æklu vius gkƒ eÍ ¥s f¥;k\ ubZ lSfud` ljd`kj us lektoknh O;oLƒk d`k vUr d`j eqâ` O;kikj d`h vkfƒZd` i*fr d`ks

viuk;k vkSj fonsæh iw∑th vkd`f"Zr d`jus d`k ^;kl fd`;k\ bl lSfud` ljd`kj us nsæ eÍ ebZ 1990 eÍ nsæ eÍ vke pquko d`jok;k ftleÍ vkax lku d`h iq(h vkax lku lw d`h ds` usr~Ro ok¥h ‘usæu¥ ¥hx œ`kWj Mseks∂s`lh ikVhZ’ d`h Hkjh fot; gqbZ] ¥sfd`u lSfud` æklu us l®k gLrkarj. ls bud`kj d`j fn;k rƒk vkax lku lw d`h d`ks utjcan d`j fn;k\ vUrjkZÆV_h; ncko ds` d`kj. 1995 ds` tq¥kbZ eÍ lw d`h d`ks utjcanh ls eqâ` d`j fn;k\ ij mUgÍ fonsfæ;kÍ ls fe¥us vkSj jktuhfrd` xfrfof|;k∑ tkjh j[us ij ^frcU| ¥xk fn;k x;k\ ckn eÍ fœ`j mUgÍ ?j eÍ gh utjcUn d`j fn;k x;k\ chp eÍ dq`N le; d`h eqfâ` ·nksukÍ i”kÍ eÍ okrkZ ds` f¥, lærZ eqâ` fd`;k x;k ƒk‚ ds` ckn 2003 ls vHh rd` lw d`h vius ?j eÍ utjcan gß\ lw d`h d`ks ækfUr ds` f¥, uksc¥ lfgr vusd` vUrjkZÆV_h; iqjLd`kjkÍ ls lEekfur d`j mUgÍ uSfrd` leƒZu H¥s gh fn;k gks ij] E;kaekj eÍ ¥ksd`ra( d`h okilh ds` f¥, vUrjkZÆV_h; leqnk; us O;ogkfjd` Ôi ls vf|d` dq`N ugÓ fd`;k gS\ bld`k ,d` d`kj. E;kaekj d`k vU; nsækÍ ls d`e lEidZ` Hh gS\ uoEcj 1997 eÍ ,d` u, ^æklfud` laxBu d`k mn; gqvk ftld`k uke ‘LVsV ihl ,≥M Mso¥ieÍV d`kmafl¥’ (SPDC) j[k x;k\

Hkjr ds` f¥, E;kaekj d`k egRo Hkjr vkSj E;kaekj d`h lhek 1600 fd`eh ¥Ech Hw–lkefjd` n~fÆV ls E;kaekj Hkjr d`h ml fnæk eÍ fLƒr gS tks d`bZ vk;kekÍ ls Hkjr ds` f¥, vR;ar egRoiw.Z gS\ Hkjr ds` iwoksZ®j jkT;kÍ uxk¥S≥M vkSj ef.iqj ls E;kaekj d`h lhek ¥xrh gS\ bu jkT;kÍ eÍ v¥xkooknh xfrfof|;k∑ p¥kus ok¥kÍ ds` lhek ikj E;kaekj ds` mxziaƒh xqVkÍ ls lEidZ` gß\ nksukÍ ds` chp Hk"kbZ vkSj tkrh; fj'rs Hh gß\ E;kaekj d`ks Hh vius vjkd`kuh ,oa d`kpsu fonzksfg;kÍ ls ¥xkrkj [rjk cuk jgrk gS\ ftuds` uxk fonzksfg;kÍ ls xgjs lEcU| gß\ bu fonzksfg;kÍ ls fuiVus ds` f¥, nksukÍ ds` chp fNViqV lg;ksx rks jgk gS] ij bl leL;k ls fuiVus ds` f¥, vkSj vf|d` lg;ksx d`h tÔjr gS\ uæh¥s inkƒksÛ d`h rLd`jh ds` ‘xksYMu V_k;ax¥’ d`ks Hh vkilh lg;ksx ls gh fu;a(. eÍ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ E;kaekj ls Hkjr ^kÎ`frd` xSl Hh vk;kr d`juk pkgrk gS\ E;kaekj ds` d`¥nku ƒk¥s ls vle vkSj es?k¥; rd` xSl ikbi ¥kbu fcNkbZ tk ld`rh gS\ fod`Yi ds` rkSj ij Hh ,d` vU; ¥kbu E;kaekj eÍ v÷;kc ·færck‚ ls i\ caxk¥ rd` vk ld`rh gS\ vHh rd` Hkjr–E;kaekj d`k O;kikj ekew¥h

Lrj ij gh gS\ Hkjr E;kaekj ds` lkƒ d`jhc ikSus ukS d`jksÈM MkW¥j d`k fu;kZr vkSj d`jhc 21 d`jksÈM MkW¥j d`k vk;kr d`jrk gS\ Hkjr ;fn E;kaekj eÍ ^kÎ`frd` xSl] iufct¥h ifj;kstuk vkSj
d`h E;kaekj ;k(k ds` nkSjku Hkjr us dq`u¯ex– ¥kfæ;ks–ekaM¥s lÈMd` ds` lekukarj rkew– d`¥sck lÈMd` ds` fuekZ. d`k mnΩ?kVu fd`;k x;k ƒk\ vc bl lÈMd` d`ks nf”. d`h rjœ` vkSj cÈqd`ko cÈkSrk gqvk ƒk\ E;kaekj nf”.–iwoZ ds` nsækÍ ds` f¥, nsgjh gS\ caxk¥ d`h [kÈMh rƒk blds` ikj Hkjrh; O;kikj ds` f¥, egRoiw.Z leqnzh ekxksÛ d`h lqj”k lqfuf'pr d`jus ds` f¥, Hh lg;ksx vko';d` gS\

Hkjr-E;kaekj lEcU| vius lHh iÈMksfl;kÍ eÍ lcls d`e leL;k vHh rd` Hkjr d`ks E;kaekj ds` lkƒ gh jgh gS\ tc 1988 eÍ lSfud` ækld`kÍ }kjk l®k gfƒ;kus d`h Hkjr us vk¥kspuk d`h rks Hh mUgkÍus d`ksbZ rh[h ^frf∂`;k O;â` ugÓ d`h\ vejhd`k] fczVsu] teZuh vkSj tkiku tSls nsækÍ us lSfud` ljd`kj ij lw d`h d`ks l®k lkSius ds` f¥, ncko Mk¥us d`h d`ksfææ d`h] rks mUgkÍus Hkjr ls Hh blds` f¥, vuqjks| fd`;k ƒk fd` lSfud` ækld`kÍ d`ks ;kaxwu eÍ vkSipkfjd` fojks| i( nsus ds` f¥, muds` nwrkoklkÍ ds` lkƒ ækfe¥ gks\ Hkjr ml fojks| eÍ rks ækfe¥ ugÓ gqvk] ij mlus vius lh|s jktuf;d` jkLrs ls ækld`kÍ rd` viuh ukjktxh igq∑pk nh\ bld`k d`kj. ;g ƒk fd` ;s vkS»ksfxd` nsæ lSfud` l®k d`k jktuhfrd` Ôi ls rks fojks| d`j jgs ƒs] ¥sfd`u mUgkÍus E;kaekj eÍ iw∑th ¥xkuk rƒk mls viuk ek¥ fu;kZr d`juk ugÓ NksÈMk ƒk\ ^kjEH eÍ Hkjr cekZ eÍ ¥ksd`rkaf(d` ljd`kj d`ks l®k eÍ vkus nsus ls jksd`us ok¥s lSfud` ljd`kj ls lEcU| j[us eÍ uSfrd`rk vkSj vknæZ ds` f¥gkt ls fgpfd`pkrk jgk\ ij 1992 ds` ckn |hjs–|hjs lEcU| lkekU; gksus d`h vksj cÈ<us ¥xs\ blds` d`kj. ƒs%

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Hkjr ds` jktuhfrd` vkSj lkefjd` fgr E;kaekj ljd`kj ls vPNs lEcU| d`h ek∑x d`jrs gß H¥s gh ljd`kj d`k LoÔi dq`N Hh gks\ 2. ¥ksd`ra( ds` f¥, Hkjr d`h ^frc*rk gS] ¥sfd`u fd`lh nwljs nsæ eÍ ¥ksd`ra( Lƒkfir d`jus d`k nkf;Ro mld`k ugÓ gS\ iÈMkslh d`ks ¥ksd`ra( d`k ikB iÈ
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felkb¥-jks|h lqj{kk d`op - MkW\ ¥{eh æad`j ;kno Hkjr us 6 fnlEcj] 2007 d`ks mUur Js.h d`h ,aVh cS¥sfLVd` baVjlsIVj felkb¥ d`k lœ`¥ ijh”. d`jds` ;g fn[k fn;k gS fd` og nq'eu d`h felkb¥ d`ks gok eÍ gh uÆV d`jus eÍ l”e gS\ caxk¥ d`h [kÈMh eÍ fd`, x, ^”sikL(-jks|h felkb¥ ds` ijh”. ds` lkƒ gh Hkjr us vius felkb¥-jks|h d`op d`ks etcwr d`jus ds` lads`r ns fn, gß\ ;g Hkjr ds` f¥, vR;Ur xkSjo d`h ckr gS fd` mlds` oSKkfud`kÍ us nsæ d`h lqj”k ^.k¥h eÍ ,d` vkSj lqj”k d`op tksÈM fn;k gS\ bl ijh”. d`h lœ`¥rk ls ;g vkæk c¥orh gks xbZ gS fd` Hkjr viuh ^frj”k tÔjrkÍ d`ks iwjk d`jus eÍ l”e gS\ if'pe caxk¥ d`h [kÈMh eÍ mÈMhlk ds` iwohZ rV fLƒr ,d`hÎ`r ijh”. jÍt ·vkbZ\ Vh\vkj\‚ pk∑nhiqj leqnz rV fLƒr ^”si. ifjlj–3 ls eksckb¥ ¥kapj ds` tfj, ge¥koj felkb¥ ds` Ôi eÍ nsæ eÍ rS;kj d`h xbZ lrg-ls-lrg ij ekj d`jus ok¥h mUur fd`Le d`h i~Foh felkb¥ d`ks nkxk x;k\ ;g ¥f”r felkb¥ ƒh\ blds` nks feuV 40 lsd`≥M ckn ;gk∑ ls 70 ukWfVd`¥ eh¥ nwj fLƒr gΩoh¥j }hi ls Lonsæh vojks|d` ·baVjlsIVj‚ ,Mokal ,;j fMœs`Ul ·,\,\Mh\‚ felkb¥ nkxh xbZ\ bls gok eÍ 15 fd`eh d`h ˜∑pkbZ ij ¥f”r felkb¥ d`ks Hsnuk ƒk\ baVjlsIVj ,\,\Mh\ felkb¥ us viuh ”erk fl* d`jrs gq, ge¥koj felkb¥ d`ks ekj fxjk;k\ nsæ d`h vxz.h laLƒk j”k vuqla|ku ,oa fod`kl laxBu ds` oSKkfud` bl ifj;kstuk ij fiN¥s d`bZ o"ksÛ ls d`ke d`j jgs ƒs\ vc ijh”.kÍ ds` urhtkÍ ls bld`h ekjd` ”erk d`k fo'¥s". fd`;k tk,xk\ fœ`¥gk¥ bld`k uked`j. ugÓ fd`;k x;k gS] ¥sfd`u ·,\,\Mh\-02‚ ds` uke ls tkuh tkus ok¥h ;g felkb¥ ok;qe≥M¥ ds` vUnj ge¥s d`ks ukd`ke d`jus ds` f¥, fod`flr d`h xbZ gS\ bl ijh”. ls iwoZ] 2 fnlEcj] 2007 d`ks bld`k Meh ijh”. fd`;k x;k ƒk\ bl ijh”. eÍ ge¥koj felkb¥ pkanhiqj ijh”. jÍt ls nkxh xbZ] tcfd` mls fuækuk cukrh gqbZ nwljh felkb¥ Hnzd` ft¥s ds` lehi caxk¥ d`h [kÈMh eÍ fLƒr gΩoh¥j }hi ls 60 lsd`≥M ckn ^”sfir d`h xbZ\ ;g ijh”. lœ`¥ jgk ƒk\ blh ds` ckn 6 fnlEcj ds` ijh”. d`k fu.Z; f¥;k x;k\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1630

baVjlsIVj ,\,\Mh-02 felkb¥ ¥xHx lkr ehVj ¥Ech gksus ds` lkƒ-lkƒ d`bZ vU; foæs"rkvkÍ ls ifjiw.Z gS\ Bksl bÛ|u ls lapkf¥r ;g jkWds`V fufnZÆV felkb¥ vkUrfjd` lapk¥u ^.k¥h] vR;k|qfud` d`EI;wVj vkSj b¥sDV_ks-eSds`fud`¥ ,DVhosVj ls ¥Sl gS\ bld`k viuk MkVk f¥ad`] flD;ksj MkVkf¥ad` vkSj viuk jsMkj Hh gS\ bl ¥{;Hsnh felkb¥ d`k viuk eksckb¥ ¥kapj gS\ bleÍ gkbZVsd` d`EI;wVj o fnæklwpd` ^.k¥h Hh ¥xh gS\ varfj” eÍ mixzg eÍ ¥xs ba≠`kjsM lÍljkÍ vkSj laosnuæh¥ dS`ejkÍ }kjk æ(q-felkb¥ d`h tkud`kjh jsMkj d`ks nh tkrh gS\ |jkr¥ ij fLƒr jsMkj ge¥koj felkb¥ d`h xfr] fnæk ,oa le; d`h lw{e x.ukvkÍ d`ks lsd`≥MkÍ eÍ iwjk d`jds` baVjlsIVj] ,Mokal ,;j fMœs`Ul ·,\,\Mh\–02‚ felkb¥ ^.k¥h d`ks nsrk gS\ vx¥s gh dq`N i¥kÍ eÍ ,\,\Mh\–02 felkb¥ ¥{; d`ks gok eÍ ÷oLr d`j mls bl ;ksX; ugÓ jgus nsrh fd` og |jrh ij fd`lh Hh txg ls Vd`jkd`j fd`lh ^d`kj d`k lagkjd` d`k;Z d`j lds`\ ;g felkb¥ var#ok;qeaM¥h; ·,aMks ,VeksLœs`;j‚ næk vƒkZrΩ 50 fd`eh d`h ˜∑pkbZ ls d`e d`h fLƒfr eÍ d`ke d`jsxh\ blls ¥xHx ,d` o"Z ig¥s 27 uoEcj] 2006 d`ks Hkjr us okgΩ; ok;qeaM¥h; ·,Dlks ,VeksLœs`;j‚ næk vƒkZrΩ 50 fd`eh ls T;knk d`h ˜∑pkbZ d`h fLƒfr eÍ ge¥koj felkb¥ d`ks ÷oLr d`jus d`k lœ`¥ ijh”. fd`;k ƒk\ ;g Hh gkbZ lqijlksfud` felkb¥ gS\ blf¥, ;g æ(q d`h fd`lh Hh ge¥koj felkb¥ d`h xfr ls vf|d` rst xfr ls tkd`j mls fuækuk cuk ld`rh gS vkSj ;fn æ(q d`h felkb¥ fd`lh Hh ^d`kj d`k |ks[k nsus d`h d`ksfææ d`jrh gS] rks baVjlsIVj mld`k ihNk d`j mls ÷oLr d`jus eÍ l”e gS\ bl felkb¥ d`k Hh viuk eksckb¥ ¥kapj] baVjlsIæu ds` f¥, lqjf”r MkVk f¥ad`] gksfeax o V_sfda`x ds` f¥, viuh jsMkj ^.k¥h gS\ vc Hkjr ds` ikl nq'eu d`h felkb¥kÍ d`ks ^Hkoghu d`jus d`h ”erk ^kIr gks xbZ gS rƒk ,d` felkb¥-jks|h lqj”k d`op rS;kj gks x;k gS\ bu ijh”.kÍ ds` ckn Hkjr nqfu;k d`k ,slk pkSƒk nsæ cu x;k gS] ftlds` ikl felkb¥-jks|h lqj”k ^.k¥h gS] tcfd` Lonsæ fufeZr felkb¥-jks|h ^.k¥h fod`flr

d`jus ok¥k Hkjr vc lalkj d`k rhljk nsæ cu x;k gS\ baVjlsIVj] mPp rd`uhd` ok¥k f}Lrjh; felkb¥-jks|h ra( gS\ Hkjr ds` lhekar nsækÍ d`h rjœ` ls felkb¥ ge¥kÍ ds` [rjkÍ d`ks ns[rs gq, felkb¥-jks|h lqj”k d`op cuk, tkus d`h l“r tÔjr Hh gS\ lE^fr Hkjr ds` iÈMkslh nsæ phu rƒk ikfd`Lrku ls lqj”k [rjkÍ d`h vkæad`k,a T;knk ^c¥ gß\ phu o ikfd`Lrku nksukÍ us vusd` rjg d`h felkb¥kÍ d`ks fod`flr d`jds` lhekUr ”s(kÍ eÍ rSukr d`j j[h gß\ phu ds` ikl vR;k|qfud` fd`Le d`h vR;Ur [rjukd` felkb¥Í gß\ mlus MkÍx œ`kÍx-31 o tq¥Íx–2 uke d`h vR;k|qfud` felkb¥kÍ d`k ijh”. d`j f¥;k gS\ ;s nksukÍ felkb¥Í vUrj egk}hih; rƒk iuMqCch ls NksÈMh tk ld`us ok¥h cSf¥fLVd` felkb¥Í gß\ blh rjg] ikfd`Lrku ds` ikl ijek.q gfƒ;kj gß ftUgÍ felkb¥kÍ }kjk NksÈMk tk ld`rk gS\ blds` f¥, ikfd`Lrku us d`bZ rjg d`h felkb¥Í fod`flr d`j j[h gß« mld`h ;s felkb¥Í Hkjrh; lhek ij rSukr d`h tk pqd`h gß\ ikfd`Lrku d`h xkSjh o ækghu felkb¥Í bu d`k;ksÛ ds` f¥, ^eq[ gß\ buds` vfrfjDr ikfd`Lrku us phu ls ‘flYd` okWeZ’ felkb¥Í ¥h gß] tks Hkjr ds` f¥, [rjk cu ld`rh gß\ phu o ikfd`Lrku us tks felkb¥Í rSukr d`j j[h gß os Hkjrh; lhek ds` vR;Ur fud`V gß\ blf¥, Hkjr ds` ikl ifjÆÎ`r felkb¥-jks|h lqj”k d`op d`k gksuk foæs"Ôi ls vko';d` gks x;k ƒk\ æ(q d`h felkb¥ ds` ekxZ d`k irk d`jds` ml ij tokch ge¥k d`jus ds` f¥, le; d`e gksrk gS\ bl lqj”k d`op ls ubZ mEehnÍ ca| xbZ gß\ Hkjr ds` ikl nq'eu ds` foeku d`ks jksd`us ds` f¥, ¥ÈMkdw` foeku felkb¥Í ƒÓ] ijUrq æ(q d`h vksj ls NksÈMh xbZ felkb¥kÍ d`ks vkleku eÍ jksd`us ;k ogÓ mls ÷oLr d`jus d`k ra( ugÓ ƒk\ vc bl ubZ rd`uhd` ls Hkjr var# ok;qe≥M¥ rƒk ckÌ ok;qe≥M¥ eÍ æ(q d`h felkb¥kÍ d`ks ^Hkoæk¥h
ds` ek÷;e ls felkb¥ d`ks xkbMsUl d`ekaM nh tkrh gS\ bl rjg lgh fnæk id`ÈMus ds` ckn tc felkb¥ nq'eu d`h felkb¥ d`h rjœ` cÈ
d`jsxh\ ;g ”s( jkÆV_h; jkt|kuh ”s( ds` cjkcj gS\ MkW\ lkjLor ds` vuqlkj ch\,e\ Mh\ d`k jsMkj ,d` lkƒ 200 ¥{;kÍ d`ks id`ÈM lds`xk vkSj nq'eu d`h gj felkb¥ d`ks uÆV d`jus ds` f¥, pkj baVjlsIVj felkb¥kÍ d`h tÔjr gksxh\ mUgkÍus ;g Hh d`gk fd` 50 fd`eh ls ˜ij ckÌ ok;qe≥M¥ vkSj i~Foh ls 15 fd`eh ˜ij var#ok;qe≥M¥ felkb¥^frjks|h ijh”. twu 2008 eÍ fd`;k tk,xk\ bleÍ nq'eu d`h felkb¥ d`ks ig¥s ok;qe≥M¥ ds` ˜ij ,d` felkb¥ uÆV d`jsxh vkSj mlds` lcls cÈMs Vqd`ÈMs d`ks |jrh ls 15 fd`eh d`h ˜∑pkbZ ij nwljh felkb¥ ÷oLr d`jsxh\ bl ^d`kj f}Lrjh; felkb¥ j”k d`op cusxk tks phu d`h MkÍxœ`kÍx] tq¥Íx felkb¥kÍ lfgr cz©ksl tSlh lqij lksfud` felkb¥kÍ d`ks Hsnus eÍ l”e gksxk\ vkus ok¥s fnukÍ eÍ iw.Z cgqLrjh; cS¥sfLVd` felkb¥ j”k ^.k¥h d`k fod`kl fd`;k tk,xk\ cS¥sfLVd` felkb¥kÍ d`ks Hsnus ds` lœ`¥ ijh”. ds` ckn vokDl flLVe o ,;jksLVsV jsMkjkÍ ds` baVhxzsæu ls bUgÍ ∂w`t felkb¥kÍ ds` f[¥kœ` vktekus ij Hh d`ke æqÔ gks pqd`k gS\ ÷;ku jgs cS¥sfLVd` felkb¥ gok eÍ ijo¥k;kd`j iƒ ij p¥rs gq, uhps fxjrh gß] tcfd` ∂w`t felkb¥ gok eÍ |jrh d`h lrg ds` lekukUrj p¥rh gS vkSj rsth ls mÈMrs gq, ¥{; d`ks Hsnrh gS\ ,sls eÍ bls [kstuk gh ,d` VsÈkSrk fd`;k gS] ftleÍ nl gtkj d`jksÈM :i;s d`k [pZ vk,xk vkSj Hkjrh; lsuk d`ks lkßius eÍ ik∑p o"Z ¥x tk,axs\ dq`¥ fe¥kd`j lR; ;g gS fd` vds`¥s baVjlsIVj ls d`ke ugÓ p¥sxk] cfYd` felkb¥ fMœÍ`l ds` iwjs usVodZ` ij Hkjr d`ks d`k;Z d`juk gksxk\ mi;qZDr felkb¥-jks|h lqj”k d`op tc rS;kj gksd`j nsæ d`h lhek ij rSukr gksxk] rks ml fLƒfr eÍ phu ;k ikfd`Lrku d`h rjœ` ls vkus ok¥h ge¥koj felkb¥kÍ d`ks lhek ds` ikl gh ekjd`j fxjk;k tk lds`xk\ bl rjg] æ(q d`h felkb¥kÍ ls nsæ ds` egRoiw.Z j”k ^frÆBkukÍ ,oa ægjkÍ d`ks cpkuk vklku gks tk,xk\ nwljh rjœ] æ(q nsæ Hh felkb¥ ge¥k d`jus ls ig¥s d`bZ ckj lkspÍxs] D;kÍfd` mUgÍ Hh gkfu mBkuh iÈMsxh\ MkW\ lkjLor ds` vuqlkj tc felkb¥ 15 ls 80 fd`eh d`h ˜∑pkbZ ij Hsn nh tk,xh rks mleÍ ce rks gksxk] ¥sfd`u og MsVksusV ugÓ gqvk gksxk\ bl rjg felkb¥ ds` Vqd`ÈMs uhps fxjÍxs] fd`Urq oSlh foHhf"d`k ugÓ gksxh tSls æ(q pkgrk gksxk\ bu lcds` v¥kok Hkjr us 6000 fd`eh d`h ¥Ech nwjh rd` ekj d`jus ok¥h vfXu-4 ds` fMtkbu

ij d`ke d`juk æqÔ d`j fn;k gS vkSj luΩ 2010 rd` blds` ijh”. d`h lEHkouk gS\ vfXu- 2 nks ijh”.kÍ ds` ckn lsuk d`ks lkßih tk ld`rh gS] tcfd` vkd`kæ felkb¥ d`ks lsuk d`ks lkßik tk pqd`k gS\ bl rjg Hkjr felkb¥kÍ ds` ”s( eÍ d`kœ`h vkxs gks x;k gS\ ●●●

æs" i~ÆB 1618 d`k xfrfof|;kÍ ds` f¥, LiÆV ekud` r; fd`, tk,a rƒk mud`ks ^Hkoh Ôi ls ¥kxw d`jk;k tk,\ [k» inkƒksÛ ,oa mRikfnr ek¥ ds` fu;kZr ls ?js¥w cktkj eÍ d`herÍ u cÈ< tk,a ,oa ek¥ d`h d`eh u iÈM tk,] bl ij ljd`kj d`ks ÷;ku nsuk gksxk\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ d`h Lƒkiuk ls tks ¥ksx foLƒkfir gkÍxs muds` iquokZl] jkgr vkSj jkstxkj d`h leqfpr O;oLƒk ljd`kj }kjk d`h tkuh pkfg,\ foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ d`ks jktuhfr d`k fæd`kj u cuk;k tk, tSls fd` m®j ^nsæ ljd`kj eÍ l®k ifjorZu ds` lkƒ gh uks,Mk eÍ vfu¥ vEckuh d`ks ^n® foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( gsrq ¥kblÍl d`ks jnΩn fd`;k tkuk vƒok mleÍ laæks|u d`juk jktuhfrd` ^fræks| d`k gh ifj.ke gS\ vr# foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ gsrq ,slh uhfr cuk;h tk, ftlls d~`f" ,oa m»ksx lkƒ-lkƒ cÈ< ldÍ` vkSj gekjk lkekftd` vkfƒZd` -cw> ds` lkƒ d`js] rkfd` foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s( vkSj ckgjh vkS»ksfxd` ”s( ds` chp vlUrq¥u u gksus ik, vkSj foæs" vkfƒZd` ”s(kÍ d`k ¥kH blls tqÈMs lHh ¥ksxkÍ d`ks ;ƒk;ksX; fe¥rk jgs\ ●●●

uohu izLrqfr

¥s[d` # MkW\ ¥k¥ ,oa tSu d`ksM ua\ 1342 ewY; # 110/-

mid`kj izd`kæu] vkxjk–2 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.upkarprakashan.com

lelkef;d` ¥s[

Î`"d` vkRegR;k # d`kj. vkSj fuokj. - dq`\ e|qT;ksRluk ,oa txukjk;. Hkjr ew¥r# Î`f" ^|ku xk∑okÍ d`k nsæ gS\ vkt Hh ;gk∑ 72 ^frær vkcknh 5,55,153 xk∑okÍ eÍ gh clrh gS] ftld`k eq“; isæk vHh Hh [srh gh gS\ Hkjr eÍ ^kjEH ls gh [srh d`ks egRoiw.Z ,oa lEekutud` Lƒku ^kIr jgk gS\ bl lUnHZ eÍ egkd`fo ?k? us d`gk gS%∏m®e [srh] e÷;e cku] fuf"* pkd`jh Hh[ funku\π cn¥rs gq, ifjosæ eÍ vkt Hkjr eÍ [srh d`k d`ke lEekutud` ugÓ jg x;k gS\ reke jktuhfrd` ikfVZ;kÍ ds` oknkÍ vkSj <sjkÍ ljd`kjh nkokÍ ds` ckotwn vkt Hkjrh; fd`lkukÍ d`h fLƒfr vR;Ur n;uh; vkSj foiUu gS\ vkt |jrh iq( fd`lku vUunkrk d`h txg foiUu vkSj vlgk; gks x;k gS\ ljd`kjh–xSj ljd`kjh d`tZ ls ijsæku gk¥ Î`"d`kÍ d`h vkRegR;k ds` lekpkj vDlj fe¥rs jgs gß\ gk¥kr brus fcxÈM pqds` gß fd` vc rks Î`"d` lewgkÍ eÍ vkRegR;k d`h ckr d`jus ¥xs gß \ dq`N le; iwoZ e÷; ^nsæ ds` >kcqvk tuin ds` 81 xk∑okÍ ds` 1,700 fd`lkukÍ us egkefge jkÆV_ifr egksn; d`ks lkewfgd` Ôi ls i( f¥[d`j vkRegR;k d`h vuq e fr ek∑xh ƒh\ vkRegR;k d`h vuqefr ds` f¥, i( f¥[us ok¥s ;s lHh fd`lku cßd` )`.] lw[s vkSj csjkstxkjh ls (Lr jgs\ Î`f" ds` ”s( eÍ vxz.h le>s tkus ok¥s iatkc ds` vf|d`kaæ fd`lkukÍ d`h Hh ek¥h gk¥r Bhd` ugÓ gS] bueÍ ls 52 ^frær ls T;knk fd`lku lkgwd`kjkÍ vkSj cßd` ds` )`. ls ncs gq, gß] mUgÍ d`tZ ij 18 ls 36 ^frær rd` lk¥kuk C;kt nsuk iÈMrk gS\ ;gk∑ Hh laxÔj] HfV≥Mk vkSj ekulk ft¥kÍ ds` N# xk∑okÍ ds` fd`lkukÍ us jkÆV_ifr egksn; d`ks i( f¥[d`j vkRegR;k d`h vuqefr ek∑xh gS\ gkf¥;k lwpukvkÍ ds` vuqlkj iatkc ds ` d`bZ fd`lku vius [srkÍ d`ks cspd`j d`ukMk p¥s tk jgs gß\ vc rd` 80 fd`lku vius nsæ d`ks v¥fonk d`g d`ukMk tk Hh pqds` gß vkSj 600 tkus d`h rS;kjh eÍ gß\ egkjkÆV_ ds` Mks¥hZ xk∑o ds` fd`lku rks Î`f" d`k;Z NksÈMd`j viuk iwjk xk∑o gh cspus d`k ^Lrko d`j pqds` gß\ fonHZ eÍ lw[s d`h pisV eÍ vk, d`tZ pqd`kus eÍ vleƒZ fd`lkukÍ us ig¥s gh d`bZ ckj viekfur gksd`j jkst– jkst ejus d`h txg vkRegR;k d`ks x¥s ¥xk;k gS\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1632

rktk rjhu lwpuk ds` vuqlkj e÷; ^nsæ ds` gksæaxkckn ft¥s ds` jkeiqj lgd`kjh o~g®kd`kj lfefr ds` vUrxZr vkus ok¥s 11 xk∑okÍ ds` 900 ls vf|d` fd`lkukÍ us ft¥kf|d`kjh d`ks i(d` nsd`j vkRegR;k d`h vuqefr ek∑xh gS\ bu fd`lkukÍ us o"Z 2003–04 eÍ bl lgd`kjh lfefr ls [kn vkSj cht ds` f¥, d`tZ f¥;k ƒk] ftld`k vf|d`kaæ fgLlk fd`lkukÍ us pqd`k fn;k gS\ fœ`j Hh lgd`kjh lfefr us bu fd`lkukÍ ij ,d` d`jksÈM :i;k ckd`h gksus d`h ckr d`gh gS\ bl lEcU| eÍ fd`lkukÍ us lEidZ` d`jus ij d`tZ ls lEcfU|r lHh d`kxtkr fn[krs gq, crk;k fd` jkeiqj lgd`kjh lfefr ds` œ`thZokÈMs ds` p¥rs gh pqd`k, x, d`tZ d`ks fœ`j ls olw¥us d`h tqxr d`h tk jgh gS\ nsæ d`h xq¥keh ds` 60 o"Z ig¥s gh [Re gksus ds` ckotwn LorU( vkSj ¥ksd`rkfU(d` Hkjr eÍ fd`lkukÍ d`h ;g gk¥r d`rbZ lgh ugÓ BgjkbZ tk ld`rh gS\ reke d`kuwu] d`k;ns vkSj O;oLƒk ds` ckotwn vkt leL;kxzLr Î`"d` lkgwd`kjkÍ ls 36 ^frær rd` okf"Zd` C;kt ij d`tZ ¥sus ds` f¥, ¥kpkj gß\ reke ljd`kjh O;oLƒk ds` ckn Hh vkt vkU|z ^nsæ d`k 82%, rfe¥ukMq d`k 74·5%, iatkc d`k 65%, ds`j¥ d`k 64·4%, d`ukZVd` d`k 61·6%, egkjkÆV_ d`k 54·8%, gfj;k.k d`k 53%, jktLƒku d`k 52·4% rƒk xqtjkr d`k 51·9% fd`lku d`tZ eÍ Mwck gqvk gS\ fd`lkukÍ d`ks d`tZ nsus ok¥h lgd`kjh lfefr;k∑ HzÆVkpkj vkSj HkbZ– Hrhtkokn ls xzLr gß\ |ks[sckt] ckgqc¥h vkSj oknkf[¥kœ` jktuhfrKkÍ vkSj vijkf|;kÍ ds` xBtksÈM ds` p¥rs bud`h fLƒfr cgqr [jkc gks pqd`h gS\ ;s lfefr;k∑ HzÆVkpkj vkSj æks". d`k vMΩMk cu pqd`h gß\ vds`¥s fonHZ ”s( eÍ gh 608 lgd`kjh lfefr;k∑ vkSj cßd` fnokf¥;k ?ksf"r gks pqds` gß\ bu gk¥krkÍ ds` p¥rs bl o"Z nsæ ds` [k»kUukÍ ds` lqjf”r H≥Mkj eÍ 20 ¥k[ Vu d`h d`eh gqbZ gS\ ljd`kjh [jhn Hh vius ¥{; ls cgqr d`e gks ikbZ gS\ [q¥s cktkj eÍ xsgw∑ d`h d`herÍ d`kœ`h ˜∑ph ·13 :\ ^fr fd`¥ksxzke‚ gks xbZ gß\ ljd`kj us 300 ¥k[ Vu xsgw∑ fd`lkukÍ d`ks fn, tkus ok¥s leƒZu ewY; ls ˜∑ph d`her ij vk;kr d`jus d`k œS`l¥k fd`;k\ blls ig¥s ;gh ljd`kj nsæ ds` fd`lkukÍ d`ks bruk ewY; nsus ds` f¥,

rS;kj ugÓ ƒh\ bl o"Z fd`lkukÍ d`ks fn, tkus ok¥s 50 :\ ^fr Vu d`k cksul nsus d`h ?ks".k Hh nsj ls gqbZ gS\ ljd`kj d`h bu fd`lku fojks|h uhfr;kÍ ds` p¥rs vf|d`kaæ tÔjreUn fd`lkukÍ us vius xsgw∑ vukt O;kikfj;kÍ d`ks ljd`kjh ewY; ls vf|d` d`her ij uxn iSlk ¥sd`j csp fn;k\ nsæ eÍ eqnzkLœ`hfr d`h njkÍ eÍ o~f* ds` p¥rs lcls T;knk ewY;o~f* [k»kUukÍ d`h gh gqbZ gS] ¥sfd`u vuktkÍ d`h d`her cÈ<us ls fd`lkukÍ d`ks d`ksbZ ¥kH ugÓ gqvk\ bld`k ¥kH lh|s tek[ksjkÍ] iw∑thifr;kÍ vkSj vkÈ
uÆV gks tkrh gS vkSj [srh pkSiV gks tkrh gS] tc ,slk ckj–ckj gksrk gS] rks Î`"d` ifjokj d`k eqf[;k vius ifjokj d`h nhu– ghu fLƒfr d`ks ugÓ >s¥ ikrk vkSj viuh VwVh eu#fLƒfr vkSj ckj–ckj
fe¥ ikrh vkSj xjhc fd`lku vkÈ
jgh gS\ ,sls eÍ ¯lpkbZ ds` vHko ok¥s ”s( ds` iwjh rjg ls [srh ij fuHZj fd`lkukÍ d`h gk¥r cgqr gh [jkc gS\ fct¥h d`h Hkjh d`eh ls f¥ŒV dS`uk¥ Hh ugÓ p¥ ikrs] u¥dw`i HwxfHZd` t¥ ds` uhps p¥s tkus ds` d`kj. ikuh NksÈM ns jgs gß ,sls ”s(kÍ eÍ ƒksÈMs le; ;fn u¥dw`i p¥rs Hh gß] rks ogk∑ ikuh d`ks ¥sd`j ekjk–ekjh ep tkrh gS\ bleÍ NksVh tksr ok¥k d`etksj fd`lku ikuh ikus eÍ foœ`¥ jgrk vƒok fiNÈM tkrk gS ftlls mlds` [srkÍ d`h cqvkbZ rd` ugÓ gks ikrh\ tc ,slk ckj–ckj gksrk gS rks d`etksj fd`lku VwV tkrk gS\ (9) fct¥h d`h leL;k%bl le; iwjk nsæ fct¥h ds` vHkokÍ ls xzLr gS\ fcgkj vkSj m®j ^nsæ d`h fLƒfr rks vR;Ur gh n;uh; gS\ ;gk∑ leƒZ vkSj ckgqc¥h jktusrkvkÍ ds` fuokZpu ”s(kÍ vkSj ægjkÍ d`ks rks fct¥h fe¥ tk jgh gS] ¥sfd`u xzkeh. ”s(kÍ eÍ fct¥h ds` vHko ds` p¥rs [srh ds` d`k;ksÛ eÍ Hkjh :d`koV vk jgh gS] ftlls ;gk∑ ds` d`etksj fd`lkukÍ d`h gk¥r ¥xkrkj cn ls cnΩrj gksrh tk jgh gS] os ¥xkrkj VwVrs tk jgs gß\ fd`lkukÍ d`h Hw[ ls ekSr ds` ¥xkrkj lekpkj fe¥ jgs gß] ftls vf|d`kjh vkSj ljd`kj chekjh vkSj dq`iks". ls ekSr crkd`j viuk iY¥k >kÈM ¥s jgh gß\ (10) iwjd` jkstxkjkÍ d`k vHko% fd`lkukÍ ds` f¥, iwjd` jkstxkj d`k loZƒk vHko gS\ Î`"d`kÍ ds` f¥, iæqik¥u vkSj nqX| mRiknu] e|qeD[h ik¥u vkfn O;olk; lcls mi;qâ` xzkeh. O;olk; gS\ gjs pkjs d`h ¥xkrkj cÈ
vkSj VfeZusVj chtkÍ ds` ek÷;e ls fd`lkukÍ d`k æks". d`jus ds` v¥kok mUgÍ ijEijkxr cht vkSj [srh ls fojr d`jus eÍ gh ¥xh gß\ ;s cgqjkÆV_h; d`Eifu;k∑ ,d` vksj d`ksd`kd`ks¥k vkSj isIlh d`ks¥k ds` Ôi eÍ tgj fi¥k jgh gß] ogÓ nwljh vksj xk∑o d`k ikuh lks[ d`j NksVs fd`lkukÍ d`ks [srh ls oafpr d`jus ds` lkƒ gh xk∑okÍ eÍ ^nw". œS`¥kd`j xzkeh.kÍ d`h [srh Nhuus eÍ ¥xh gß\ ;s cgqjkÆV_h; d`Eifu;k∑ xk∑o eÍ mRikfnr nw|] ngh vkSj eVΩBs] cs¥] vke] xktj] ew¥h] VekVj tSls fd`lkukÍ }kjk [srkÍ eÍ mRikfnr œ`l¥kÍ ds` jl fud`k¥ d`j cspd`j NksVs–NksVs fd`lkukÍ d`ks equkœ`k vkSj d`ekbZ nsus ds` ctk; vejhd`k ls vk, lw[s ikmMj d`ks ?ks¥d`j mleÍ xSl Mk¥d`j tgjh¥s is; inkƒZ ds` Ôi eÍ csp jgh gß\ blls tgk∑ Î`"d`kÍ ds` mRiknkÍ d`h d`her ugÓ cÈ< ik jgh gS] ogÓ bu is; inkƒksÛ ds` ek÷;e ls nsæ d`k iSlk fonsæ p¥k tk jgk gS\ nqHkZX; rks ;g gS fd` reke fojks| ds` ckotwn nsæ d`h iwoZorhZ vkSj orZeku ljd`kjÍ bls cÈ
Î`"d`kÍ d`h vkRegR;k fujkd`j. ds` ljd`kjh ^;kl Î`"d`kÍ eÍ vk jgh fujkæk ls cÈ
vkU|z ^nsæ ds` lad`VxzLr 16, d`ukZVd` ds` 6, ds`j¥ ds` 3 vkSj fonHZ ds` iwoZ mfY¥f[r 6 ft¥s ækfe¥ gkÍxs\ bl jkgr iSds`t ds` vuqlkj bl ”s( ds` fd`lkukÍ d`ks ljd`kjh )`. ds` C;kt ls eqâ` d`j fn;k tk,xk\ fd`lh Hh fd`lku d`ks fiN¥k cd`k;k C;kt ugÓ nsuk gksxk\ bl iSds`t ds` ^Hko ls fonHZ ”s( ds` ^Hkfor lHh N# ft¥kÍ eÍ 30 twu] 2006 d`ks fd`lkukÍ ij olw¥h ds` f¥, ckd`h 712 d`jksÈM :i, C;kt d`h jkfæ d`ks ekœ` d`j fn;k x;k gS] blls fd`lkukÍ d`ks u;k )`. fe¥us d`k jkLrk [q¥ tk,xk ftlls os vkxs d`h [srh d`h æqÔvkr d`j ldÍ`xs\ blh ∂`e eÍ fonHZ ds` fd`lkukÍ d`ks vkSj vf|d` jkgr igq∑pkus ds` mˆs'; ls 30 twu] 2006 rd` ds` f¥, 1296 d`jksÈM :i, ds` ljd`kjh d`tZ d`h olw¥h ,d` o"Z ds` f¥, Lƒfxr d`jrs gq, rhu ls ik∑p o"Z eÍ olw¥h ds` f¥, fd`LrkÍ ds` fu|kZj. d`h Hh ckr d`gh xbZ gS\ ^|kuea(h us fonHZ ds` jkgr iSds`t eÍ 2006–07 ds` f¥, 1275 d`jksÈM ds` v¥kok )`. mi¥C| d`jkus d`k ok;nk Hh fd`;k gS\ blds` fu|kZj. vkSj foi.u ds` f¥, jkÆV_h; Î`f" fod`kl cßd` ·ukckMZ‚ rƒk vU; ^eq[ cßd`kÍ ds` foæs" d`k;Zn¥ rSukr gkÍxs\ ^|kuea(h d`k ekuuk gS fd` fd`lkukÍ d`ks rkRd`kf¥d` jkgr ds` v¥kok nh?Zd`kf¥d` Bksl mik;kÍ ls gh bl leL;k d`k Lƒk;h funku lEHo gS\ vr# bl leL;k ds` Lƒk;h funku ds` f¥, mUgkÍus dq`N vU; Bksl mik;kÍ d`h vksj Hh ÷;ku fn;k gS] ftleÍ ls dq`N ^eq[ mik; bl ^d`kj gß% (1) ds`Unz ljd`kj vkus ok¥s rhu o"ksÛ eÍ ^Hkfor ft¥kÍ ds` f¥, 524 cÈMh] e÷;e vkSj NksVh ¯lpkbZ ifj;kstukvkÍ ij 2177 d`jksÈM :i, O;; d`jsxh\ ftlls 1·59 ¥k[ gsDVs;j Î`f" Hwfe d`h ¯lpkbZ gks lds`xh] ftlls bl ”s( ds` fd`lkukÍ d`h fLƒfr eÍ ¥kHd`kjh cn¥ko vk,xk\ (2) 180 d`jksÈM :i, ds` O;; ls xq.o®k;qâ` cht ^frLƒkiu d`k;Z∂`e d`h æqÔvkr d`h tk,xh] rkfd` bl ”s( ds` vHkoxzLr fd`lkukÍ d`ks m®e Js.h ds` cht mi¥C| d`jkd`j muds` Î`f" mRiknkÍ d`h ek(k vkSj xq.o®k eÍ o~f* d`h tk lds`\ (3) ^Hkfor lHh N# ft¥kÍ ds` iqjkus ck∑|kÍ d`h ejEer] j[j[ko vkSj mud`h ”erk eÍ o~f* ds` f¥, Hh bl iSds`t ds` Lƒk;h mik;kÍ ds` Ôi eÍ 240 d`jksÈM :i, mi¥C| d`jk, tk,axs\ (4) ^Hkfor ”s( eÍ ckxokuh d`k fod`kl d`j fd`lkukÍ d`h ek¥h gk¥r lq|kjus ds` Lƒk;h mˆs'; ls 225 d`jksÈM :i, mi¥C| d`jkus d`h ckr d`gh xbZ gS\ blls bl ”s( d`h ^eq[ ckxokuh œ`l¥ lUrjs d`k mRiknu cÈ< tk,xk\ (5) lw[k ls ^Hkfor bl ”s( ds` f¥, d`e t¥ [pZ ok¥h vk|qfud` ¯lpkbZ ^.k¥h

fM_i bfjxsæu vkSj fL^ad`¥j ¯lpkbZ lk|ukÍ ls 50,000 gsDVs;j Hwfe d`h ¯lpkbZ d`h Hh ;kstuk gS\ (6) blh ∂`e eÍ fd`lkukÍ d`h [srh ij fuHZjrk d`ks d`e d`j iwjd` oSd`fYid` jkstxkj mi¥C| d`jkus ds` mˆs'; ls iæqik¥u vkSj eN¥hik¥u ds` f¥, 135 d`jksÈM :i, d`h ¥kxr ls ,d` c~gnΩ d`k;Z∂`e ds` lapk¥u d`k ^Lrko gS\ ^|kuea(h d`k ;g lgk;rk iSds`t lEc* i” ds` fd`lkukÍ d`h fLƒfr lq|kjus ds` f¥, LrqR; vkSj mi;ksxh gS\ fu'p; gh ihfÈMr ”s( ds` fd`lkukÍ d`ks vkækrhr ¥kH vkSj mud`h fLƒfr lq|kj d`h lEHkouk gS\ ¥sfd`u vkt iwjs nsæ ds` fd`lkukÍ d`h fLƒfr d`ks vPNk ugÓ d`gk tk ld`rk\ ihfÈMr ”s( ds` v¥kok vU; ”s(kÍ eÍ d`etksj fd`lkukÍ d`h fNViqV vkRegR;k] Hq[ejh] chekjh vkSj dq`iks". ls ekSr ds` lekpkj fe¥rs jgrs gß\ vr# nsæHj ds` fd`lkukÍ ds` f¥, jkÆV_h; uhfr;kÍ eÍ cn¥ko vkSj jkÆV_h; Î`"d` jkgr iSds`t d`h vko';d`rk eglwl gksrh gS\ bls ÷;ku eÍ j[rs gq, fd`, x, O;kid` losZ”. ds` vuq l kj fuEuf¥f[r lq>kokÍ d`ks ve¥ eÍ ¥k;k tkuk pkfg,% 1. vkt fofHUu ljd`kjh vkSj lkoZtfud` lk|ukÍ ls fd`lkukÍ d`ks ek( 30 ls 35 ^frær cht gh mi¥C| gks ik jgk gS\ æs" 65 ls 70 ^frær chtkÍ ds` f¥, fd`lku cgqjkÆV_h; d`Eifu;kÍ }kjk mRikfnr eg∑xs chtkÍ ;k Lƒkuh; futh mRiknd`kÍ }kjk mRikfnr v^ekf.r xq.o®kghu chtkÍ ij fuHZj gS\ vkt vko';d`rk gS fd` fd`lku vius fu;fer ^;ksx eÍ vkus ok¥s ijEijkxr œ`l¥kÍ ds` chtkÍ d`k Lo;a fuekZ. d`jÍ] Î`"d`kÍ d`ks bl fo|k d`k ^fæ”. fn;k tkuk pkfg, vkSj mUgÍ chtkÍ ds` j[j[ko d`h tkud`kjh nh tkus ds` lkƒ gh tÔjr Hj xq.o®k;qâ`] lLrs vkSj ^ekf.r chtkÍ d`h vkiwfrZ d`h O;oLƒk d`h tkuh pkfg,\ œ`thZ cht fo∂s`rkvkÍ ds` fo:* fu;fer tk∑p vkSj d`Bksj n≥M d`k ^ko|ku gksuk pkfg,\ 2. ?fV;k vkSj xq.o®kfoghu d`hVukæd`] [kn vkSj cht cspus ok¥kÍ ds` f¥, n≥Muh; ^ko|ku gkÍ\ fd`lkukÍ eÍ ikni jksxkÍ ds` ^fr tkud`kjh cÈ
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lektlsoh] Î`"d`lsoh laLƒkvkÍ vkSj laxBukÍ vkSj vkfƒZd` enn nsd`j mUgÍ d`k;Z eÍ ¥xk;k tk, vkSj muds` ifj.kekÍ d`h fuxjkuh Hh d`h tk,\ Î`"d` )`. O;oLƒk eÍ O;kid` lq|kj gks% ·d`‚ )`. n¥k¥kÍ ds` f¥, d`Bksj n≥Muh; ^ko|ku gks] ·[‚ œ`thZ ukekÍ ls )`. ^kIr d`jus ok¥kÍ d`ks e~R;qn≥M d`k ^ko|ku gks] ·x‚ cßd`kÍ ls )`. olw¥h d`h lwpuk fd`lkukÍ d`ks fu;fer Hsth tk,\ bld`h ^kekf.d`rk d`h fu;fer fuxjkuh vkSj tk∑p gks] ·?‚ NksVh tksr ok¥s fd`lkukÍ d`ks )`. nsrs le; bl ckr d`h vPNh rjg rlnhd` d`j ¥suh pkfg, fd` )`. ^kIrd`®kZ okLrfod` Hw–Lokeh gh gS] ·î‚ cßd`kÍ d`h d`ehæu[ksjh vkSj n¥k¥h vkSj NwV ds` iSls d`ks d`kV d`j )`. Hqxrku d`jus ok¥s cßd` vf|d`kfj;kÍ d`ks d`Bksjre n≥M d`k ^ko|ku gks] ·p‚ )`. ^kIr d`jus ok¥s fd`lkukÍ d`ks ;g tkud`kjh vo'; nh tkuh pkfg, fd` ;g jkÆV_ d`k iSlk gS tks muds` vkÈMs oâ` eÍ mud`h lgk;rk gsrq fn;k tk jgk gS\ bls gj gk¥r eÍ okil d`juk gS] ·N‚ )`.kÍ d`h olw¥h eÍ ”s( eÍ O;kIr lw[k] ckÈ< ;k vU; d`kj.kÍ ls œ`l¥kÍ d`h cckZnh d`k iwjk–iwjk ÷;ku j[k tk,] ·t‚ d`fBu ifjfLƒfr;kÍ eÍ )`.xzLr fd`lku d`ks iqu# )`. nsus d`h O;oLƒk gks] ·>‚ œ`l¥ uÆV gksus ij ches d`h jd`e d`k Hqxrku vf|d`re ,d` ekg eÍ d`jus d`h O;oLƒk gks] rkfd` )`. pqd`k;k tk lds` vkSj ml ij vuko';d` C;kt u cÈ< lds`\ [srh d`h iqjkuh ijEijkvkÍ vkSj vk|qfud` rd`uhd`kÍ ds` chp mi;qâ` rk¥es¥ cSBk d`j gh [srh d`h tk,\ œ`l¥ chek vfuok;Z fd`;k tk,\ ef≥M;kÍ d`h O;oLƒk eÍ NksVs fd`lkukÍ d`ks Hkxhnkj cuk;k tk,\ Î`"d`kÍ d`h lfefr;k∑ cukd`j mUgÓ ds` ek÷;e ls œ`l¥ fc∂`h d`h O;oLƒk gks\ xk∑okÍ eÍ VekVj] ik¥d`] pqd`Unj] ¥kSd`h] d`js¥k o vU; lHh lfCt;kÍ ds` jl fud`k¥d`j mUgÍ lajf”r d`j iS¯d`x d`j cspus d`h O;oLƒk gks\ xk∑okÍ eÍ vpkj] eqjCck cukus ok¥h bd`kb;kÍ d`h Lƒkiuk gks] ftleÍ Î`"d` ifjokjkÍ ds` gh ¥ksxkÍ d`ks ^fæ”. nsd`j fu;qâ` fd`;k tk,\ cßd`kÍ eÍ O;kIr HzÆVkpkj ij jksd` ¥xkbZ tk,] )`. n¥k¥kÍ ds` fo:* d`Bksj n≥M ds` ^ko|ku gkÍ\ xzkeh. cßd`kÍ d`h O;oLƒk eÍ Hh O;kid` lq|kj fd`, tk,a\ ugjkÍ] ck∑|kÍ vkSj rk¥kckÍ d`h fu;fer lœ`kbZ vkSj xkn fud`k¥us d`h O;oLƒk

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Hkjr eÍ Hw-rkih; ˜tkZ lzksrkÍ d`k fod`kl - e;ad` JhokLro Hw–rkih; ˜tkZ i~Foh ds` vUnj ls ^kIr gksrh gS\ blhf¥, bls Hw–rkih; ˜tkZ d`gk tkrk gS\ bl ˜tkZ d`h mRif® eq“;r# i~Foh eÍ loZ( lek, ;wjsfu;e] ƒksfj;e o iksVsfæ;e vkblksVksikÍ ds` fofd`j. vkSj i~Foh d`h d`ksj eÍ Hjs mPp rkieqâ` (6000°C) rj¥ inkƒZ ·eSXek‚ d`h mifLƒfr ds` œ`¥LoÔi laogu ^okg }kjk gksrh gS\ ;g Hw–xHhZ; ˜Æek i~Foh ds` Hhrj xfræh¥ t¥ }kjk Hw–lrg rd` igq∑prh gS\ ftl Lƒku eÍ rki–lzksr Hw–lrg ds` fud`V gksrk gS\ ogk∑ d`k Hw-t¥ xeZ gksd`j ‘rIr t¥ H≥Mkj’ d`k Ôi ¥s ¥srk gS] ftld`k rkieku 30 fMxzh ls 375° C rd` gksrk gS\ i~Foh ds` vUnj 3 fd`eh xgjkbZ rd` fe¥us ok¥s ;s rIr t¥ H≥Mkj xje ikuh o okÆi mRiUu d`jrs gß] ftls O;kikfjd` Lrj ij v^R;” ˜tkZ mRiknu ds` f¥, mi;ksx eÍ ¥k;k tk ld`rk gS\ i~Foh d`h Hw–lrg d`k rkieku dq`N xgjkbZ rd` lkSj˜tkZ o Lƒkuh; t¥ok;q }kjk ^Hkfor gksrk gS\ bl ^Hko d`h ek(k Lƒku foæs" d`h Hw–oSKkfud` lajpuk ds` vuqÔi fHUurk f¥, gksrh gS] ¥sfd`u i~Foh ds` v¥x–v¥x HkxkÍ eÍ ,d` lqLiÆV xgjkbZ ds` i'pkrΩ ogk∑ fLƒr p±kukÍ ds` rkieku ij lrgh t¥ok;q–ifjorZu d`k d`ksbZ ^Hko ugÓ gksrk gS\ bl ,d` leku rki ok¥s lqLiÆV HkxkÍ d`ks tksÈMus ok¥h js[k d`ks] ml ”s( d`h lerkih js[k (Isothermal Line) d`grs gß\ bld`h xgjkbZ Hw–lrg ls 20 ehVj gks ld`rh gS\ bl xgjkbZ d`ks ikj d`jus ds` i'pkrΩ i~Foh ds` vUnj eÍ p±kukÍ d`k rkieku xgjkbZ ds` lkƒ cÈ
f¥XukbV] rk∑ck] Lo.Z] ;wjsfu;e vkfn [futkÍ d`k mRiknu d`jus ok¥h [ku gh D;kÍ u gks\ Hw–rkih; ¥o.rk o rkieku i~Foh ds` lHh LƒkukÍ ij ,d` leku ugÓ ik, tkrs gß\ Hw–rkih; ˜tkZ-rU( fo'o ds` d`bZ HkxkÍ eÍ ik, tkrs gß vkSj bud`k mi;ksx fujUrj cÈ< jgk gS\ fo'o ds` 15 nsækÍ eÍ blds` ek÷;e ls 6300 esxkokV fct¥h d`k mRiknu 1997 rd` fd`;k x;k ƒk tks vkt vius nksxqus Lrj ij igq∑p x;k gS\ bu lzksrkÍ d`k ¥kH mBkus ds` f¥, viukbZ xbZ fof|;k∑ d`kœ`h fo'oluh; o lqxe gß\ buds` fuekZ. eÍ le; Hh cgqr d`e ¥xrk gS\ 6 eghus ds` Hhrj 0·5 ls 10 esxkokV (mw) vkSj nks o"ksÛ eÍ 250 esxkokV lkewfgd` ”erk ds` la;a( Lƒkfir fd`, tk ld`rs gß\ bu ˜tkZ rU(kÍ ls ˜tkZ mRiknu d`h rd`uhdÍ` Hh ifjÆÎ`r d`h tk pqd`h gß\ i~Foh ds` vUr# eÍ lek, bu rIr rj¥kÍ d`ks cs|u fNnzkÍ ds` ek÷;e ls fud`k¥us ds` i'pkrΩ xSl Vjckbu ,oa tsujsVj p¥k;k tkrk gS\

eq“; Hw–rkih; ˜tkZ-rU( (1) æqÆd` okÆi–rU( (Dry Steam System)%bl rU( eÍ mPp rki o mPp

nkc ok¥s æqÆd` okÆi H≥Mkj gksrs gß] ftud`k rkieku 250° C rd` gks ld`rk gS\ bu H≥MkjkÍ d`ks fNnz fuekZ. }kjk] ckgj fud`k¥d`j ;k d`bZ LƒkukÍ ij Lor# Ôi eÍ ckgj fud`¥rs okÆi }kjk] Vjckbu p¥kd`j fct¥h d`k mRiknu fd`;k tkrk gS\ (2) rj okÆi-ra( (Wet Steam System)%bleÍ Hwfexr ikuh] rIr p±kukÍ ds` vkoj. ls f?js jgus ds` œ`¥LoÔi] 180° ls 350°C rd` d`k mPp rkieku ^kIr d`j ¥srk gS\ bl ^d`kj Lƒkfir okÆi o mPp rkih; ikuh d`ks cs|u fNnz ds` ek÷;e ls ckgj d`j ˜tkZ ^kIr d`h tkrh gS\ cs|u fNnz tSls gh rIr p±kukÍ ds` d`op d`ks Hsnd`j Hhrj ?qlrk gS] rks bu H≥MkjkÍ eÍ ncko fueqZâ` ^f∂`;k ^kjEH gksus ds` d`kj. mld`k dq`N Hkx okÆi eÍ ifjofrZr gksd`j mPp rkih; ikuh ds ` lkƒ œw`Vd`j Hw–lrg ikj d`jus ¥xrk gS \ bl nkfcr (Presurised) okÆi d`ks rIr ikuh ls i~ƒdΩ` Vjckbu lapkf¥r d`j fct¥h ^kIr d`h tkrh gS\

bUgÍ cs|u fNnz ds` ek÷;e ls ckgj fud`k¥d`j ed`kukÍ o ikS|k-?jkÍ d`ks xje j[us vkfn ds` f¥, lh|s mi;ksx fd`;k tkrk gS\ nwljh vksj bud`k csgrj mi;ksx d`jus ds` f¥, f}d`ehZ (Binary) ˜tkZ fof| d`k lgkjk f¥;k tkrk gS\ bleÍ i~Foh ds` vUnj ls ^kIr xje ikuh d`k mi;ksx ,sls f}rh; rj¥kÍ (Secondary Fluids) d`ks xje d`jus ds` f¥, fd`;k tkrk gS] tks lk|kj.r# d`kcZfud` rj¥ gksrs gß] ftud`h ”erk d`e rkieku eÍ okÆihd`j. d`h gksrh gS\ (4) rIr æS¥-rU( (Hot Rock System)%bu rU(kÍ eÍ p±kukÍ d`k rki mPp gksrk gS vkSj os vknzZrk-foghu gksrh gß\ bu H≥MkjkÍ rd` cs|u fNnz fuekZ. d`j fNnz ds` ek÷;e ls ikuh Hhrj Bs¥k tkrk gS\ ftlds` la;ksx ls okÆi ^tuu f∂`;k lf∂`; gks tkrh gS vkSj okÆi Hw–lrg ij œw`V tkrh gS\ bl okÆi ls tujsVj p¥k;k tkrk gS\ bu lHh rU(kÍ ls ˜tkZ mRiknu d`h f∂`;k ds` nkSjku xje ikuh o okÆi d`ks d`ke eÍ ¥kus ds ` i'pkrΩ bUtsDæu iEikÍ }kjk iqu# i~Foh ds` vUnj Bs¥ fn;k tkrk gS] rkfd` rU( eÍ lgh ncko cuk jgs vkSj xje okÆi ¥xkrkj ^kIr gksrh jgs\ bu lHh rU(kÍ ds` v¥kok fo'o d`h d`bZ r¥NVh ?kfV;kÍ eÍ rIr lar~Ir Hki ?ks¥kÍ (Hot Saturated Vapour Solution) ds` vfr lEihfMr (Highly Compressed) H≥Mkj 0·5 fd`eh d`h xgjkbZ rd` ik, tkrs gß] ftud`k rkieku 50° C ls 120° C rd` gksrk gS\ ,sls d`bZ cÈMs rU( gaxjh vfoHkftr lksfo;r la? vkSj la;qâ` jkT; vejhd`k ds` if'peh rV eÍ fe¥rs gß\ buls ˜tkZ mRiknu ds` f¥, d`bZ ^d`kj d`h bathfu;¯jx leL;kvkÍ d`k lek|ku <w∑È
(G.S.I.), Hw–rkih; ˜tkZ ds` v÷;;u o fod`kl d`k;Z eÍ ¥xk gqvk gS] ftlds` vk|kj ij G.S.I. us dq`N vk∑d`ÈMs tkjh fd`, gß ftuds` vk|kj ij Hkjr eÍ 340 rkih; >jukÍ d`h igpku d`h tk pqd`h gS\ vHh rd` lcls vf|d` v|#Lrj t¥ (Sub-Surface water) rkieku (250°C) ^kÎ`frd` xSl o rs¥ [kst ds` le; dS`Ecs–xzscu (Gujrat) ds` dq`N cs|u fNnzkÍ eÍ fjd`kWMZ fd`;k x;k gS\ Hkjr ds` d`bZ ,sls vNwrs ”s( gß] tgk∑ vHh rd` [kst d`k;Z ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`k gS blhf¥, d`bZ vU; Hw–rkih; ˜tkZ-rU(kÍ ds` fe¥us d`h lEHkouk ls bud`kj ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ lHh 340 Hw–rkih; >jukÍ d`h mRif® d`k fu;U(. Hkjr ds` ew¥ lajpukRed` vkSj foorZfud` (Structural & Tectonic) kj[≥M eÍ rkrkikuh tksj ”s( o mld`k fcgkj eÍ foLrkj] ¥ˆk[ ds` iwxk– pqekƒkax vkSj xqtjkr eÍ dS`Ecs xzscu ^nsæ tgk∑ vkSlru 175° ± 20° ;k dq`N vf|d` rkieku ”erk ds` ^ek. fe¥rs gß\ Hw–rkih; ˜tkZ d`ks O;ogkj eÍ ¥kus ds` f¥,] Hkjr eÍ cgqr d`e d`k;Z gqvk gS\ vkSj tks dq`N Hh tkud`kjh geÍ bl fo"; ls ^kIr gS mld`k lEiw.Z Js; G.S.I. ·Hkjrh; Hw–oSKkfud` losZ”. foHkx‚ d`ks tkrk gS\ bu lzksrkÍ ds` nksgu ds` f¥, dq`N ^;kl fd`, x, gß\ ¥nΩnk[ ·tEew‚ ds` pqekƒkax ^nsæ eÍ G.S.I. }kjk fd`, x, ijh”.kÍ ls Kkr gqvk gS fd` ogk∑ mi¥C| Hw-rkih; rj¥kÍ ds` ek÷;e ls BaÈMs fnukÍ eÍ ikS|k-?jkÍ d`ks xje j[d`j lCth ;k œ`¥ mxk, tk ld`rs gß\ ed`kukÍ d`ks xje j[us o ued` fuÆd`"Z. d`k d`k;Z n”rk ls fd`;k tkrk gS\

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1637

¥nΩnk[ ds` gh iwxk ^nsæ eÍ ik, tkus ok¥s lqgkxk (Borex) vkSj xa|d` (Sulphur) H≥Mkj d`ks Hw–rkih; ˜tkZ ds` ek÷;e ls ^kIr d`j ifjÆÎ`r (Refine) d`jus eÍ G.S.I. d`ks lœ`¥rk ^kIr gqbZ gS\ 1990 ds` næd` eÍ G.S.I., O.N.G.C. vkSj e÷; ^nsæ ˜tkZ fod`kl fuxe us fe¥d`j rkrkikuh ^nsæ eÍ ,d` 100 fd`¥ksokV ”erk d`k Hw–rkih; fct¥h la;a( fuekZ. d`jus ds` f¥, cs|u d`k;Z vkjEH fd`;k gS\ bl Hw–rkih; ^nsæ eÍ 100° C rkieku rd` ds` rkih; rj¥ cs|u fNnzkÍ ls cgd`j Hw–lrg rd` igq∑prs fjd`kWMZ fd`, x, gß cs|u fNnzkÍ ds` vUrj eÍ 350 ehVj xgjkbZ ij ¥xHx 112° C rkieku ik;k tkrk gS vkSj cs|u d`k;Z ds` nkSjku okÆi foLœ`ksV Hh gq, gß\ orZeku eÍ lHh vk∑d`ÈMkÍ d`h O;k“;k d`k d`k;Z fd`;k tk jgk gS] rkfd` O;kikfjd` Lrj ij fct¥h mRiknu d`h ;kstuk cukbZ tk lds`\ ,slk ugÓ gS fd` Hkjr eÍ igpkus x, fuEu o e÷;e Hw–rkih; ˜tkZ ^nsækÍ d`ks O;ogkj eÍ ugÓ ¥k;k tk ld`rk gS\ ,d` vuqeku ds` vuqlkj Hkjr eÍ vc rd` igpkus x, 113 rU(kÍ ls lads`r fe¥rs gß fd` fuEu o e÷;e iw.Z ˜Æek rj¥kÍ d`h Hw – rkih; ˜tkZ ds` ek÷;e ls ¥xHx 10,000 esxkokV fct¥h mRiknu lEHo gS] ¥sfd`u orZeku ds` ;s vuqeku ,d` ^kjfEHd` tk∑p d`k vk|kj ds`o¥ Hw–lrg Hw–oSKkfud` lajpuk vkSj d`e xgjkbZ ·100 ls 700 eh‚ ds` cs|u fNnzkÍ ls ^kIr vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ij jgk gS] tcfd` fo'oHj eÍ Hw–rkih; ˜tkZ ds ` nksgu ds` f¥, lk|kj.r# 3 fd`eh xgjkbZ rd` cs|u fNnz fuekZ. d`k;Z d`j tk∑p–ij[ d`h tkrh gS\ fœ`j d`e xgjkbZ ij losZ”. }kjk Lƒkfir fuEu o e÷;e Js.h ds` Hw–rkih; ^nsæ iw.Z lads`r ugÓ ^nku d`jrs gß] D;kÍfd` os ds`o¥ d`e xgjkbZ ds` v^R;” lkE;|kj. (Secondary Equilibration) gks ld`rs gß vkSj bld`h lEHkouk cuh jgrh gS fd` vf|d` xgjkbZ eÍ os mPp rkieku ”erk ls ;qâ` gkÍ] ,slk fo'o ds` d`bZ nsækÍ eÍ ik;k tkrk gS\ blf¥, Hkjr eÍ Hw–rkih; ˜tkZ lzksrkÍ d`k leqfpr Kku o iwjk ¥kH mBkus ds` f¥, 3 fd`eh xgjkbZ rd` cs|u fNnzkÍ d`k fuekZ. d`j fofæÆV tk∑p d`juh gksxh\ G.S.I. tkurs gq, Hh lalk|ukÍ d`h d`eh ds` d`kj. ,slk ugÓ d`j ik;k gS\ foæs"r# mlds` ikl bruh xgjkbZ rd` d`h ”erkok¥h cs|u eæhukÍ d`k u gksuk okLro eÍ ,slh eæhukÍ d`k fuekZ. Hkjr eÍ gksrk gh ugÓ\ vr# bUgÍ vk;kr d`juk gksxk] rkfd` ge vius ˜tkZ lzksrkÍ d`k ¥kH mBk ldÍ`\

vUrjkZÆV_h; d`Eifu;kÍ d`ks Hh bl lzksr ·Hw – rkih; ˜tkZ ‚ ds ` nks g u ds ` f¥, vkeaf(r fd`;k tkuk pkfg,\ bl ^d`kj d`h ifj;kstukvkÍ d`ks d`k;Z Ôi nsus ds` f¥, ;wukbVsM usæUl ds` xzhu œ`≥M ls vkfƒZd` lgk;rk Hh ^kIr d`h tk ld`rh gS] D;kÍfd` ;g iqu# vkorhZ lzksr gksus ds` v¥kok i;kZoj. laxr gS vkSj nqxZe LFkkukÍ ij Hh bls LorU( Ôi eÍ Lƒkfir d`j ¥kH mBk;k tk ld`rk gS\ ●●●

æs" i~ÆB 1629 d`k phu rƒk E;kaekj ds` cÈkSrkÍ ij gLrk”j gq,\ jktuf;d` ikliksVZ|kfj;kÍ ds` f¥, ohtk d`h vko';d`rk eÍ NwV ds` vfrfjâ` fæ”k ,oa laLÎ`fr ds` ”s( eÍ lg;ksx ds` le>kSrs bueÍ ækfe¥ ƒs\ 16 o"ksÛ ckn fd`lh æh"Z Hkjrh; jktusrk d`h E;kaekj d`h ;g ;k(k ƒh\ blls ig¥s 1987 eÍ ^|kuea(h jktho xka|h us E;kaekj d`h ;k(k d`h ƒh\ bl rjg] Hkjr E;kaekj lEcU| ∂`eæ# etcwr gks jgs gß\ ●●● SEEKING SUCCESS IN

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Hkjrh; Lok|hurk laxzke ds` nkSjku ‘jsM æVZ’ ds` uke ls Hh igpkus tkus ok¥s [qnkbZ f[nerxkjkÍ us fd`u nks ^eq[ ckrkÍ d`k vkÿku fd`;k= xqtjkr fot; d`h Le~fr eÍ vd`cj us œ`rsgiqj lhd`jh eÍ % iBku ”s(h; jkÆV_oknh ,d`rk d`k vkSj fd`ld`k fuekZ. d`jk;k ƒk= % cq¥Un njokts d`k mifuosæokn ds` fo:`* la?"Z d`k fo|ok fookg e≥M¥ d`h Lƒkiuk fd`lus d`h ƒh= 20. luΩ 1875 eÍ gkml vkWœ` d`kWeUl eÍ ,d` ;kfpd`k ^Lrqr d`jrs gq, fczfVæ laln eÍ Hkjr ds` ^R;” ^frfuf|Ro d`h ek∑x fd`l % egknso xksfcUn jkukMs us la Lƒk us d`h ƒh= ckS* la? ds` fu;e ew¥r# fd`l iqLrd` eÍ fn, x, gß= % n MDd`u ,lksfl;sæu us % fou; fiVd` eÍ e®–fo¥kl–^glu uked` ukVd` ds` jpf;rk ƒs% % egsUnz oeZu         bL¥keh d`kuwu d`h lafgrk ‘œ`rwgkr–,–vk¥exhjh’ ds` ¥s[d` ƒs% % bZ'ojnkl 21. Hkjr ds` lafo|ku ds` fd`l vuqPNsn eÍ micU| gS fd` 14 o"Z d`h vk;q ls d`e ds` fd`lh ck¥d` d`ks fd`lh d`kj[kus ;k [ku fæokth ds` jkT;kfH"sd` lekjksg d`h v÷;”rk fd`lus d`h ƒh= eÍ d`ke d`jus ds` f¥, fu;ksftr ugÓ fd`;k tk,xk ;k fd`lh % xkxk H± us vU; ifjlad`Ve; ;kstuk eÍ ugÓ ¥xk;k tk,xk= Hkjr ij ukfnj ækg d`k vk∂`e. d`c gqvk ƒk= % vuqPNsn 24 eÍ % 1739 bZ\ eÍ jkÆV_h; ekuokf|d`kj vk;ksx ds` vf|fu;e 1993 ds` vuqlkj fd`l m®jorhZ eqx¥ cknækg d`k miuke ‘ækgs cs[cj’ ƒk= 22. d`kS u bl vk;ksx d`k v÷;” cu ld`rk gS= % cgknqjækg I d`k % ds`o¥ Hkjr ds` lsokfuo~r eq“; U;k;k|hæ egewn xtuoh }kjk ÷oLr lkseukƒ efUnj d`k iqufuZekZ. 23. Hkjr ds` lafo|ku d`k ^kÔi rS;kj d`jus ok¥h lafo|ku lHk fd`lus d`jok;k ƒk= ds` lnL;kÍ d`k pquko fd`l ^d`kj gqvk= % dq`ekj ik¥ us % fofHUu ^kUrkÍ d`h fo|ku lHkvkÍ }kjk fot;uxj lkezkT; d`h ^æklfud` O;oLƒk eÍ ‘fæÆV’ D;k ƒk= 24. Hkjr d`h iapo"hZ; ;kstuk,a vfUre Ôi ls fd`lds` }kjk % Hw–jktLo vuqeksfnr d`h tkrh gß= % jkÆV_h; fod`kl ifj"nΩ }kjk 25. d`kSulk ^kf|d`j. Hkjr d`h lesfd`r fuf| eÍ jkT;kÍ d`ks      jktLo d`k lgk;rk–vuqnku nsus ok¥s fl*kUrkÍ d`h vuqæalk d`jrk gS= Hxr tokgj e¥ fd`l vkUnks¥u ds` lw(|kj ƒs= % fo® vk;ksx % dw`d`k vkUnks¥u ds` ‘uh¥ niZ.’ ds` ¥s[d` ƒs% % nhucU|q fe( 26. lafo|ku ds` fd`l vuqPNsn eÍ ;g O;oLƒk d`h xbZ gS fd` ^R;sd` jkT; fæ”k ds` ^kƒfed` Lrj ij ekr~Hk"k eÍ fæ”k d`h i;kZIr 1857 ds` fonzksg eÍ cjs¥h eÍ fonzksg d`k usr~Ro fd`lus fd`;k ƒk= lqfo|kvkÍ d`h O;oLƒk d`jus d`k ^;kl d`jsxk= % [ku cgknqj [ku us % vuqPNsn 350 ·d`‚ eÍ vDVwcj 1943 eÍ lqHk" pUnz cksl us vkÈthZ gqdw`er–,–vktkn 27. d`ksbZ fc¥ |u fo|s;d` gS ;k ugÓ] bl ckr d`k fu.Z; d`jus fgUn d`h Lƒkiuk d`gk∑ d`h ƒh= % ¯lxkiqj eÍ ds` f¥, vfUre ^kf|d`kjh d`kSu gS= 1876 eÍ Lƒkfir bf≥M;u ,lksfl;sæu d`k laLƒkid` d`kSu ƒk= % ¥ksd` lHk v÷;” % vkuUn eksgu cksl 28. 73ok∑ lafo|ku laæks|u (1992) fd`l egRoiw.Z rF; d`ks fufnZÆV d`jrk gS= luΩ 1919 eÍ iatkc eÍ gq, vR;kpkjkÍ ls vius fojks| ds` ^rhd` % nsæ eÍ etcwr ,oa thoar iapk;rh jkt ds` Ôi eÍ fd`l fo“;kr O;fâ` us fczfVæ ljd`kj }kjk ^nku fd`, x, ‘ukbV’ (Knight) d`h mikf| d`ks okil ¥kSVk fn;k= laLƒkvkÍ d`h cqfu;kn j[uk % johUnz ukƒ VSxksj us 29. fd`ld`h flœ`kfjæ ds` fcuk d`ksbZ |u fo|s;d` ^Lrqr ugÓ fd`;k jkS¥sV ,DV ls lkoZtfud` jks" d`h ,d` ¥gj meÈMh ftlds` tk ld`rk gS= œ`¥LoÔi d`kSulh egRoiw.Z ?Vuk ?Vh= % jkÆV_ifr d`h flœ`kfjæ ds` fcuk % tf¥;k∑ok¥k ckx tulagkj 30. Hkjr eÍ laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ d`h la;qâ` cSBd` lafo|ku ds` fd`l vuqPNsn eÍ laLohÎ`r gS= o"Z 1946 eÍ xfBr vUrfje ds`fcusV d`h v÷;”rk fd`lus d`h= % vuqPNsn 108 eÍ % tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ us

      

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38.

39. 40.

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     41. 42. 43. 44. 45.

46. 47. 48.

49.

50.

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52.

53.

54.

55.

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57. 58.

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63.

64.

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66.

67.

68.

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78.

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104. 105.

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107. 108.

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   111.

112.

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ASSISTANT PROSECUTION OFFICER Preliminary Exam. By : Dr. M. B. Lal, Abhinav Misra & Dr. Shatrughan Tripathi Code No. 1599 Rs. 225/-

Main Features Previous Year’s Solved Paper General Knowledge General Science Indian Penal Code, 1860 The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 Indian Evidence Act, 1872 Uttar Pradesh Police Regulations and Police Act, 1861

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,l\,l\lh\ lsUV_¥ iqf¥l laxBu lc-baLisDVj ijh{kk] 16-12-2007 d`k g¥ iz'u-i(

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25.

26.

lekt eÍ efg¥kvkÍ d`h viekutud` fLƒfr (D) O;ƒZ ds` |kfeZd` vuqÆBkukÍ d`k ik¥u ∏o"ksÛ ig¥s geus fu;fr ds` lkƒ ,d` oknk fd`;k ƒk vkSj vc og oknk iwjk d`jus d`k le; vk x;k gS˙˙˙˙π ;s æCn 14 vxLr] 1947 d`h jkr d`ks fd`lus d`gs ƒs = (A) MkW\ ch\vkj\ vEcsMd`j (B) lh\ jktxksik¥kpkjh (C) tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ (D) MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl us ‘vlg;ksx’ (Non-cooperation) d`k viuk ^fl* ^Lrko 1920 eÍ d`gk∑ vk;ksftr vius vf|osæu eÍ ikfjr fd`;k ƒk = (A) ¥[u˜ eÍ (B) fnY¥h eÍ (C) cacbZ eÍ (D) d`¥d`®k eÍ ‘Hkjr d`k xzßM vksYM eSu’ fd`ls d`gk tkrk gS = (A) nknkHkbZ ukSjksth (B) xksik¥ Î`Æ. xks[¥s (C) ck¥ xaxk|j fr¥d` (D) lqjsUnzukƒ cSuthZ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`ks ¥kWMZ d`tZu d`k lcls mi;ksxh vkSj egÂoiw.Z lq|kj ekuk tk ld`rk gS] foæs"r# vfoHkftr iatkc ^kar eÍ jgus ok¥s ¥ksxkÍ ds` lEcU| eÍ = (A) æSf”d` lq|kj (Educational Reforms) (B) iqf¥l lq|kj (Police Reforms) (C) vkS»ksfxd` lq|kj (Industrial Reforms) (D) Î`f" lq|kj (Agricultural Reforms)

27.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

bax¥S≥M ds` rRd`k¥hu jktk tsEl 1 }kjk tgk∑xhj ds` ækgh njckj eÍ 36. jktnwr ds` Ôi eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`ks Hstk x;k ƒk = (A) tkWu gkWfd`Ul (B) fof¥;e VkWM (C) lj ƒkWel jks (D) lj okYVj js¥s 37. 28. ‘}S| æklu’ (Dyarchy) fd`l xouZeÍV vkWœ` bafM;k ,sDV }kjk ¥kxw fd`;k x;k ƒk = (A) 1909 ds` (B) 1919 ds` 38. (C) 1935 ds` (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls fd`lh ls Hh ugÓ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1643

ljd`kj d`k ‘d`Eiuh’ ls ‘lezkV’ d`ks varj. ¥kMZ dS`¯ux }kjk 1 uoEcj] 1858 d`ks ?ksf"r fd`;k x;k ƒk% (A) d`¥d`®k eÍ (B) fnY¥h eÍ (C) iVuk eÍ (D) b¥kgkckn eÍ 1916 eÍ Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl vkSj eqfL¥e ¥hx ,d` nwljs ds` fud`V vk x, ƒs% (A) ¥kgkSj eÍ (B) ve~rlj eÍ (C) ¥[u˜ eÍ (D) gfjiqjk eÍ ds`j¥ d`h ekSu ?kVh (Silent Valley)% (A) Hkjr eÍ ,d`ek( lnkcgkj ou gS (B) eÍ eg∑xh bekjrh ¥d`ÈMh (Timber trees) ds` isÈM gß (C) fid`fud` ds` f¥, vPNk Lƒku gS (D) eÍ iknikÍ rƒk ^kf.;kÍ d`h fcj¥h (Rare) tkfr;k∑ gß ;g ,d`ek( lÍDpqvjh gS tgk∑ d`'ehjh egke~x (Stag) ik;k tkrk gS% (A) d`kUgk (B) nkphxke (C) xhj (D) eqnqe¥kbZ Hkjr d`h rVjs[k d`h ¥EckbZ gS ¥xHx% (A) 5,500 fd`eh (B) 6,000 fd`eh (C) 6,500 fd`eh (D) 7,000 fd`eh o"Z eÍ 50 lseh ls d`e o"kZ ok¥k ”s( gS% (A) es?k¥; (B) d`'ehj eÍ ¥sg (C) d`ksjkseaM¥ rV (D) d`kÍd`. rV mPpre d`ksfV vkSj loksZ®e xq.o®k ok¥k d`ks;¥k gS% (A) f¥XukbV (B) ihV (C) fcVqesuh (D) ,sUƒzklkbV ‘va|d`kje; egk}hi’ (Dark Continent) gS% (A) v≠`hd`k eÍ (B) nf”. vejhd`k eÍ (C) vkWLV_sf¥;k eÍ (D) ,fæ;k eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk Hkjr d`k lcls vf|d` vknzZ Lƒku (Wettest place) gS = (A) egkc¥s'oj (B) psjkiw∑th (C) m|d`eaM¥e (D) ekflujke Hkjr d`k lcls ˜∑pk ck∑| d`kSulk gS= (A) esVΩVwj (B) fjgan (C) ƒsbu (D) Hk[ÈMk

39.

40.

41.

42.

43.

44.

45.

46.

47.

48.

Hkjr eÍ œ`l¥kÍ ds` ld`¥ ”s(œ`¥ eÍ ls [k»kUukÍ d`k ”s(œ`¥ gS% (A) 70% ls vf|d` (B) 60 ls 70% (C) 50 ls 60% (D) 50% ls d`e fo'os'ojS;k vk;ju ,≥M LVh¥ f¥feVsM fLƒr gS% (A) cßx¥wj eÍ (B) Hnzkorh eÍ (C) eßx¥wj eÍ (D) eSlwj eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh eN¥h gS = (A) flYoj-fÈœ`æ (B) LVkj-fÈœ`æ (C) MkWx-fÈœ`æ (D) d`V¥-fÈœ`æ vknzZrk ekius ds` f¥, fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l mid`j. d`k ^;ksx fd`;k tkrk gS = (A) dS`Vk ƒekZehVj (B) ,sfueksehVj (C) ¯L¥x lkb∂`ksehVj (D) MkWDVjh ƒekZehVj d`kÈthjaxk usæu¥ ikdZ` ^fl* gS% (A) xßMs (Rhinoceros) ds` f¥, (B) ck? (Tiger) ds` f¥, (C) æsj (Lion) ds` f¥, (D) exj (Crocodile) ds` f¥, ekuo Ropk d`k jax curk gS% (A) gheksX¥ksfcu ls (B) bUlqf¥u ls (C) ,sfM_uf¥u ls (D) es¥kfuu ls fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk jksx jâ`k|ku (Blood transfusion) }kjk ugÓ œS`¥rk = (A) gsisVkbfVl (B) VkbÈœ`kW;M (C) ,p\vkbZ\oh\ (D) e¥sfj;k Hkjr eÍ U;wD¥h; foLœ`ksVd` lk|ukÍ d`k ijh”. fd`;k x;k ƒk% (A) Jhgfjd`ksVk eÍ (B) cßx¥wj eÍ (C) iks[ju eÍ (D) d`k∑phiqjeΩ eÍ Î`f" mRiknkÍ d`k Js.hd`j. (Gradation) vkSj ekud`hd`j. (Standardisation) fd`lds` ek÷;e ls gksrk gS = (A) Hkjrh; [k» fuxe (B) foi.u vkSj fujh”. funsæk¥; (C) Hkjrh; ekud` laLƒk (D) ds`Unzh; lkaf“;d`h; laxBu rqY;d`k¥h mixzg (Geostationary satellite) d`h ifj∂`e. vof| gksrh gS% (A) 24 ?aVs

(B) 30 fnu (C) 365 fnu (D) fujarj ifjorZuæh¥ 49.

d`kjkÍ ds` gsM¥ßi eÍ ^;qDr niZ. fd`l ^d`kj ds` gksrs gß = (A) ijo¥f;d` vor¥ (Parabolic concave) (B) ler¥ (Plane) (C) xks¥h; m®¥ (Spherical convex) (D) fl¯¥Mjh vor¥ (Cylindrical concave)

50.

55.

56.

rj. rk¥ (Swimming pool) okLrfod` xgjkbZ ls d`e xgjk fn[kbZ nsrk gS\ bld`k d`kj. gS% 57. (A) viorZu (Refraction) (B) ^d`kæ ^d`h.Zu (Light Scattering) (C) ijkorZu (Reflection) (D) O;frd`j. (Interference)

51.

^R;korhZ |kjk (Alternating current) d`ks fnÆV |kjk (Direct current) eÍ cn¥k tkrk gS% (A) V_kUlœ`kWeZj (Transformer) }kjk (B) Mkbuseks (Dynamo) }kjk (C) nks¥d` (Oscillator) }kjk (D) fnÆVd`kjh (Rectifier) }kjk 52. crZu cukus eÍ ^;qDr teZu flYoj ,d` ,s¥kW; gS% (A) d`kWij] flYoj] fudS`¥ d`k (B) d`kWij] ¯td`] fudS`¥ d`k (C) d`kWij] ¯td`] ,s¥qfefu;e d`k (D) d`kWij] fudS`¥] ,s¥qfefu;e d`k 53. likV iSjkÍ ok¥k (Flat footed) ˜∑V jsfxLrku eÍ vklkuh ls p¥ ld`rk gS D;kÍfd`% (A) lEidZ`xr i~ÆB d`k ”s( cÈ< tkus ds` d`kj. jsr d`h ^fr bd`kbZ ”s( ij nkc d`e gks tkrk gS (B) lEidZ`xr i~ÆB d`k ”s( cÈ< tkus ds` d`kj. jsr ij nkc cÈ< tkrk gS (C) lEidZ`xr i~ÆB d`k ”s( d`e gks tkus ds` d`kj. jsr ij nkc d`e gks tkrk gS (D) lEidZ`xr i~ÆB d`k ”s( d`e gks tkus ds` d`kj. jsr ij nkc cÈ< tkrk gS 54. Lo.Z d`h æq*rk dS`jV eÍ O;Dr d`h tkrh gS\ Lo.Z d`k æq*re Ôi gksrk gS% (A) 24 dS`jV (B) 99·6 dS`jV (C) 91·6 dS`jV (D) 22 dS`jV izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1644

58.

59.

60.

isV_ksf¥;e ,d` feJ. gS% (A) d`kcksZgkbM_sVkÍ d`k (B) d`kcksZusVkÍ d`k (C) gkbM_ksd`kcZukÍ d`k (D) d`kckZbMkÍ d`k |krqvkÍ d`h »qfr (Lustre of the metals) d`k d`kj. gksrk gS% (A) ijek.qvkÍ d`h ?uh iS¯d`x ds` d`kj. mPp ?uRo (B) mPp ikWf¥æ (C) eqDr b¥sDV_kWukÍ d`h ekStwnxh ds` d`kj. ^d`kæ d`k ijkorZu (D) d`ksVjkÍ d`h ekStwnxh ds` d`kj. ^d`kæ d`k voæks". (Absorption) mRÎ`ÆV |krq d`ks ?ks¥us ds` f¥, fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls ,d` d`k ^;ksx fd`;k tkrk gS% (A) ukbfV_d` ,sflM (B) gkbM_ksD¥ksfjd` ,sflM (C) lYŒ;wfjd` ,sflM (D) ,sDok jsft;k ckÔn (Gunpowder) d`k vkfoÆd`kj fd`;k ƒk% (A) jkstj csd`u us (B) d`ksYV us (C) lh\oh\ je. us (D) MkW\ xS¯Vx us caxk¥ eÍ jktLo d`k bLrejkjh cankscLr (Permanent Revenue Settlement) fd`lus ¥kxw fd`;k ƒk = (A) D¥kbo (B) gs¯LVXl (C) os¥st¥h (D) d`kWuZokWf¥l Hkjrh; varfj” vuqla|ku laxBu (ISRO) d`h Lƒkiuk fd`l o"Z gqbZ ƒh=

63.

64.

65.

66.

67.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ikni mRikn (Plant product) ugÓ gS = (A) dS`Èœ`hu (B) fiisjhu (C) fud`ksVhu (D) lSd`jhu Hkjr d`h jkÆV_h; vk; ds` ckjs eÍ d`kSulk d`ƒu lgh gS = (A) ls o kvkÍ d`h vis ” k Î`f" d`k ^frær fgLlk vf|d` gS (B) Î`f" d`h vis ” k m»ks x d`k ^frær fgLlk vf|d` gS (C) m»ksx d`h vis”k lsokvkÍ d`k ^frær fgLlk vf|d` gS (D) la;qDr Ôi ls Î`f" vkSj m»ksx d`h vis”k lsokvkÍ d`k ^frær fgLlk vf|d` gS 1 tq ¥ kbZ ] 2007 ls ik∑p o"Z d`h vof| ds` f¥, fo'o cßd` d`k X;kjgok∑ v÷;” fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`ks fu;qDr fd`;k x;k gS = (A) tkWu oqYÈœs`UlksgΩu (B) ikW¥ oqYÈœ`ksfoVΩÈt (C) jkWcVZ Ètks,f¥d` (D) MsfoM ekWxsZu nknklkgc œ`kYds` iqjLd`kj 2005 ds` f¥, fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`ks pquk x;k gS = (A) vi.kZ lsu (B) xks¯on fug¥kuh (C) ,e\,l\ lF;w (D) ';ke csusx¥ ‘ijek.q v^lkj laf|’ (Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty) fd`l o"Z ¥kxw gqbZ ƒh = (A) 1967 (C) 1971

68.

(B) 1970 (D) 1974

Hkjr ds` fd`l jkT; eÍ xjhckÍ d`k ^frær lcls vf|d` gS = (A) 1967 (B) 1969 (A) fcgkj (B) N®hlxÈ< (C) 1970 (D) 1974 (C) mÈMhlk (D) >kj[aM 61. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`k fe¥ku 69. ”s(œ`¥ d`h n~fÆV ls fuEuf¥f[r eÍ lgh ugÓ gS = ls d`kSulk lalnh; pquko ”s( lcls cÈMk gS = (A) baMksusfæ;k % td`krkZ (A) ckÈMesj ·jktLƒku‚ (B) ek¥nho % ek¥s (B) v:.kp¥ if'pe ·v:.kp¥ (C) m®j d`ksfj;k % flvks¥ ^nsæ‚ (D) ¯tckCos % gjkjs (C) ¥ˆk[ ·tEew vkSj d`'ehj‚ 62. vksVks gkgΩu fd`l vkfoÆd`kj ds` f¥, (D) m®jkap¥ iwoZ ·m®jkap¥‚ ^fl* gS = 70. ig¥s jkÆV_eaM¥ [s¥ o"Z 1930 eÍ (A) ,sVe ce d`gk∑ vk;ksftr fd`, x, ƒs = (B) Vsf¥foÈtu (A) ¥anu ·;w\ds`\‚ (C) ,Dl-fd`j.Í (B) flMuh ·vkWLV_sf¥;k‚ (D) [ud` d`k lsŒVh ¥ßi

(C) (D)

71.

72.

73.

74.

75.

gSfeYVu ·d`ukMk‚ vkWd`¥ßM ·U;wth¥S≥M‚ Hkjrh; vkcknh d`k fd`ruk ^frær vkf|d`kfjd` xjhch js[k ds` uhps gS = (A) 30% ls d`e (B) 30% ls 35% (C) 35% ls vf|d` fd`Urq 40% ls d`e (D) 40% vkSj 45% ds` chp d`ksflZd`k }hi lEcfU|r gS% (A) eqlksf¥uh ls (B) fgV¥j ls (C) uSiksf¥;u cksukikVZ ls (D) ¯oLVu pfpZ¥ ls isV_ksf¥;e fu;kZrd` nsækÍ ds` laxBu d`k eq“;k¥; fLƒr gS% (A) fo,uk eÍ (B) fj;k| eÍ (C) dq`oSr flVh eÍ (D) vkcw |kch eÍ fnY¥h eÍ XIXoÍ jkÆV_eaM¥ [s¥ d`c gkÍxs = (A) fnlEcj] 2008 (B) uoEcj] 2009 (C) vDVwcj] 2010 (D) œ`jojh] 2011 tsfeuh jkW; us fd`l ”s( eÍ “;kfr ^kIr d`h = (A) cSM¯eVu (B) fp(d`¥k ·iͯVx‚ (C) fƒ,Vj (D) ewfrZd`¥k

6. 11. 16. 21. 24.

25.

m®j O;k“;k lfgr 1. (A)

fjtoZ cßd` ljd`kj ds` f¥, cßd`j] ,ts≥V ,oa ijkeæZnkrk ds` Ôi eÍ d`k;Z d`jrh gS\ fjtoZ cßd` ds`Unz ljd`kj vkSj lHh jkT;h; ljd`kjkÍ d`k ^frfuf| gS\ ;g ljd`kj ds` f¥, u, lkoZtfud` )`. (Public Debt) d`k ^cU| d`jrk gS\ ;g ljd`kj ds` okLrs 90 fnu ds` f¥, vkƒksZik; vfxze (ways and means advances) nsrk gS\ 26.

2. (C) 3. (C) 4. (A) og eqnzk ftls uhph C;kt nj (Low Interest Rate) ij ^kIr fd`;k tk ld`rk gS] lLrh eqnzk (Cheap Money) d`g¥krh

gS\ 5. (C)

vUrjkZÆV_h; eqnzk d`ks" (IMF) ,d` vUrjkZÆV_h; ekSfnzd` laxBu gS\ vUrjkZÆV_h; eqnzk d`ks" d`k fu;U(. ,oa ^cU| ,d` cksMZ vkWœ` xouZlZ eÍ fufgr gS\ ^R;sd`

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1645

lnL; nsæ ,d` xouZj euksuhr d`jrk gS\ lekIr gks x;k\ 1904 eÍ ,d` lgd`kjh m|kj lfefr vf|fu;e (Cooperative xouZj d`ks fd`rus erkf|d`kj ^kIr gkÍ] ;g Credit Societies Act) ikfjr fd`;k x;k mlds` nsæ d`ks ^kIr d`ksVs ds` vk|kj ij ftlls Î`"d`kÍ d`ks d`e nj ij m|kj fuHZj d`jrk gS\ ^R;sd` xouZj d`k lnL;rk er rƒk mlds` nsæ d`ks ^kIr d`ksVs eÍ fe¥ ld`rk ƒk\ ,d` lkezkT;h; Î`f" ^R;sd` ,d` ¥k[ ,l\ Mh\ vkj\ ij ,d` foHkx Lƒkfir fd`;k x;k rkfd` Hkjrh; vfrfjDr er nsus d`k vf|d`kj gS\ bu Î`f"] iæq|u vkSj Î`f" fod`kl eÍ nksukÍ d`k ;ksx gh lnL; jkÆV_ ds` oSKkfud`
(C) (D)

,l\ ,l\ lh\ VSDl vflLVs≥V ijh”k] 25-11-2007 d`k g¥ iz'u-i(

lkekU; tkud`kjh fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh ,d` √l¥ 10. uotkr f'k'kq d`h 3 ekg rd` d`h vk;q jksi. √l¥ (Plantation) ugÓ gS = ds` v÷;;u d`ks d`grs gß% (A) pk; (B) d`gok ·d`kW√h‚ (A) d`ksjkW¥ksth (C) jcÈM (D) bZ[ (B) d`kWUd`kW¥ksth (C) uhekVkW¥ksth 02. ekf¥d` ds` d`Cts ok¥s HoukÍ d`k (D) fu;ksusVkW¥ksth vkjksfir ld`¥ fd`jk;k] fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`k fgLlk gksrk gS = 11. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` fd`lh (A) iw∑th fuekZ. Hh ikpd` ,Utkbe d`k lzo. ugÓ (B) vfUre miHksx d`jrk = (C) e÷;orhZ miHksx (A) ;Î`rΩ (D) miHksDrk fVd`k˜ inkƒZ (B) ¥k¥k xzafƒ (C) ”qnzka( d`h xzafƒ;k∑ 03. ljksn eÍ fd`rus rkj gksrs gß = (D) vXU;k'k; (A) 7 (B) 19 (C) 5 (D) 4 12. egkRek xka|h ds` Hzkr~Ro vkSj 'kkafr ds` n'kZu ds` izfr J*katf¥ ds` Ôi eÍ 04. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls lcls ˜∑pk i”h la;qDr jkÆV_ d`h egklHk us muds` d`kSulk gS = tUefnu 2 vDVwcj d`ks ?ksf"r fd`;k (A) eksj (B) iÍfXou gS% (C) 'kqrqjeqxZ (D) bZeq (A) vUrjkZÆV_h; v¯glk fnol 05. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l ,d` izk.h d`ks (B) vUrjkZÆV_h; lg;ksx fnol fd`lku d`k fe( d`gk tkrk gS = (C) vUrjkZÆV_h; 'kkafr vkSj lg;ksx (A) pÓVh (B) dÍ`pqvk fnol (C) e|qeD[h (D) frr¥h (D) vUrjkZÆV_h; 'kkafr vkSj v¯glk fnol 06. gekjs lkSj eaM¥ eÍ lcls cÈMk xzg gS% 13. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`k lEcU| (A) eax¥ (B) c~gLifr ouo|Zu ·flfYod`Ypj‚ ds` lkƒ gS = (C) 'kfu (D) cq| (A) fgYlk d`k lao|Zu (B) flYoj d`kiZ d`k lao|Zu 07. ‘thu’ 'kCn fd`lus cuk;k ƒk = (C) rs¥ mRiknd` iknikÍ d`k lao|Zu (A) Vh\ ,p\ ekWxZu (D) tax¥h √l¥Í (B) MCY;w\ ,¥\ tksgulsu (C) th\ esUMs¥ 14. ‘th\ ,e\ œw`M’ ls vk'k; ml [k» (D) Mh ozht d`k gS% (A) tks vkuqoaf'kd` mik;kÍ ds` vUrxZr 08. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l ,d` tho eÍ iSnk gksrk gS ilf¥;kÍ d`h la“;k lcls vf|d` 24 gS = (B) tks vkuqoaf'kd`r# vifjofrZr gS (A) exj (C) tks HkSxksf¥d` vifjorZu ds` (B) lk∑i vUrxZr iSnk gksrk gS (C) js eRL; (D) ftleÍ vf|d` X¥wd`ksl mikip; (D) ekuo] ,d` Lruik;h ”erk gS 09. 14 o"Z d`h vk;q rd` ds` cPpkÍ ds` 15. vle vkSj uxk¥ßM ds` igkÈMh oukÍ eÍ ik;k tkus ok¥k Hkjr d`k ,d`ek( fod`kl ds` f¥, fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`fi gS% d`kSulk lcls vf|d` egRoiw.Z gS = (A) vksjkaxmVku (A) izksVhu (B) foVkfeu (C) olk (D) nw| (B) fxcu

16.

01.

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1646

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

fpEißth xqfjY¥k ‘eqDr O;kikj’ d`k vfHizk; gS% (A) ,d` ns'k ls nwljs ns'k d`ks ek¥ d`k eqDr lap¥u (B) ek¥ d`k fu#'kqYd` lap¥u (C) ek¥ vkSj lsokvkÍ d`k vfu;af(r vknku-^nku (D) fu#'kqYd` O;kikj vfXu'kked` ds` Ôi eÍ fd`l xSl d`k ^;ksx fd`;k tkrk gS = (A) d`kcZu MkbvkWDlkbM (B) d`kcZu eksuksDlkbM (C) d`kcZu lcvkWDlkbM (D) lY√j MkbvkWDlkbM t¥ ds ` futZ e hZ d `j. ds ` f¥, fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`k O;kid` ^;ksx fd`;k tkrk gS = (A) C¥h¯px ikmMj (B) f√Vd`jh (C) cksjSDl ikmMj (D) lksMk ikmMj ,¥\ ih\ th\ flf¥≥Mj eÍ nkc ds` vUrxZr nzo-Ôi eÍ eq“;r# xSlkÍ ds` fd`l feJ. d`ks Hjk tkrk gS = (A) ehƒsu vkSj bZƒsu (B) bZƒsu vkSj gSDlsu (C) izksisu vkSj C;wVsu (D) gSDlsu vkSj vkWDVsu ?ÈMh ds` fLizax eÍ HaMkfjr ˜tkZ gS% (A) xfrt ˜tkZ (B) fLƒfrt ˜tkZ (C) ˜Æek ˜tkZ (D) jklk;fud` ˜tkZ cSVjh eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l ,d` ,sflM d`k ^;ksx fd`;k tkrk gS = (A) gkbM_ksD¥ksfjd` ,sflM (B) gkbM_ksŒ¥qvksfjd` ,sflM (C) lYŒ;wfjd` ,sflM (D) lYŒ;wjl ,sflM d`”k eÍ vUrfj”-;ku eÍ Hkjghurk d`h vuqHwfr d`k d`kj. gS% (A) ckgjh xq:Rokd`"Z. d`k vHko (B) d`”k eÍ Roj. ckgjh xq:Rokd`"Z. ds` d`kj. Roj. ds` cjkcj gksrk gS (C) ckgjh xq:Rokd`"Z.] fd`Urq vUrfj”-;ku ds` Hhrj ugÓ (D) d`”k eÍ vUrfj”-;ku eÍ ˜tkZ d`k u gksuk

23.

24.

25.

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27.

28.

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31.

32.

ok;q d`k eq“; ?Vd` gS% (A) ukbV_kstu (B) d`kcZu MkbvkWDlkbM (C) vkWDlhtu (D) gkbM_kstu xzhugkml xSlkÍ ;ƒk ukbV_l vkWDlkbM rƒk ehƒsu iSnk d`jus d`h lcls vf|d` lEHkouk fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l tho ls d`h tk ld`rh gS = (A) d`od` (B) dÍ`pqvk (C) thok.q (D) gjs ikS|s ,f'k;k d`h fo'kk¥re ijkorhZ nwjchu d`gk∑ gS = (A) d`ksMbd`uk¥ (B) ˜Vh (C) d`ok¥wj (D) uSuhrk¥ ‘ƒeZ’ fd`ld`k ;wfuV gS = (A) 'kfDr d`k (B) ˜Æek d`k (C) izd`k'k d`k (D) nwjh d`k nw| d`ks eƒus ij dz`he v¥x gks tkrh gS\ bld`k d`kj. gS% (A) xq:Roh; c¥ (B) vfHds`Unz c¥ (C) vids`Unz c¥ (D) ?"Z. c¥ U;wVu d`k ig¥k xfr-fu;e lad`Yiuk nsrk gS% (A) ˜tkZ d`h (B) d`k;Z d`h (C) laosx d`h (D) tÈMRo d`h lw;Z d`h fd`j.Í fd`l izfdz`;k }kjk i~Foh ij igq∑prh gß = (A) fofd`j. (B) pk¥u (C) laogu (D) folj. t¥ d`k rk¥kc d`e xgjk fn[kbZ nsus d`k d`kj. gS% (A) ijkorZu (B) foorZu (C) viorZu (D) |zqo. ‘vUrjkZÆV_h; fnukad` js[k’ D;k gS = (A) ;g Hwe÷;js[k gS (B) ;g 0° js[ka'k gS (C) ;g 90° iwohZ js[ka'k gS (D) ;g 180° js[ka'k gS ekuo d`ks fofnr ˜tkZ d`k lcls iqjkuk Ôi gS% (A) iou ˜tkZ (B) lkSj ˜tkZ (C) Tokj ˜tkZ (D) Hwrkih; ˜tkZ

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1647

33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

38.

39.

40.

¥ksgs d`ks tax ¥xrk gS% (A) vkWDlhd`j. ds` d`kj. (B) d`kcksZusVhd`j. ds` d`kj. (C) vi'kYd`u ds` d`kj. (D) la”kj. ds` d`kj. frCcr eÍ lkaxiks d`g¥kus ok¥h unh d`kSulh gS = (A) xaxk (B) cz©iq( (C) ¯l| (D) frLrk fo'kk¥re egklkxj gS% (A) vV¥kafVd` egklkxj (B) fgUn egklkxj (C) m®j |zqoh; ·vkdZ`fVd`‚ egklkxj (D) iz'kkUr ·iSflf√d`‚ egklkxj d`ks;¥s ls okf.fT;d` Ôi ls iSnk gksus ok¥h ˜tkZ d`ks d`grs gß% (A) izd`k'k ˜tkZ (B) xfrt ˜tkZ (C) ˜Æek ˜tkZ (D) fLƒfrt ˜tkZ [srh d`h ‘ rel="nofollow">we fof|’ d`k O;ogkj gqvk d`jrk ƒk% (A) fgekp¥ ^ns'k eÍ (B) e÷; mPpHwfe eÍ (C) rVh; rfe¥ukMq eÍ (D) uxk¥ßM eÍ Hwd`Ei d`k d`kj. gS% (A) Hwi~ÆB eÍ fo”ksH (B) HwiiZVh d`h ijrkÍ d`k lek;kstu (C) 'kS¥ ra( d`k VwVuk (D) 'kS¥kÍ d`k ˜ij mBuk ge lnk panzek d`k ogh ik'oZ ns[rs gß] D;kÍfd`% (A) og i~Foh ls NksVk gS (B) og vius v” ij i~Foh ls foijhr fn'kk eÍ ifjdz`e. d`jrk gS (C) og i~Foh ds` fxnZ ifjdz`e. eÍ mruk gh le; ¥srk gS] ftruk vius v” ij ?w.Zu eÍ (D) og mlh xfr ls ifjdz`e. d`jrk gS] ftl xfr ls i~Foh] lw;Z ds` fxnZ ifjdz`e. d`jrh gS la l kj eÍ Lo.Z d`k lcls cÈ M k mRiknd` ns'k gS% (A) vkWLV_sf¥;k (B) d`ukMk (C) Ôl (D) nf”. v≠`hd`k

41.

42.

43.

44.

45.

46.

47.

48.

49.

lalkj eÍ lcls O;Lr vkSj lcls egRoiw.Z leqnz ekxZ gS% (A) m®j iz'kkUr ·iSflf√d`‚ leqnz ekxZ (B) m®j vV¥kafVd` leqnz ekxZ (C) nf”. vV¥kafVd` leqnz ekxZ (D) fgUn egklkxj ekxZ ”s(√¥ d`h ›fÆV ls Hkjr lalkj d`k ………lcls cÈMk ns'k gS\ (A) nwljk (B) pkSƒk (C) NBk (D) lkrok∑ ‘osn’ 'kCn d`k vƒZ gS% (A) Kku (B) cqf*e®k (C) dq`'k¥rk (D) 'kfDr ‘vkbZu-,-vd`cjh’ d`k ¥s[d` gS% (A) √fj'rk (B) bCucrwrk (C) vcq¥ √Èt¥ (D) chjc¥ fot;uxj ds` e÷;d`k¥hu uxj d`ks vktd`¥ d`grs gß% (A) pUnzfxfj (B) g¥sfcnq (C) gEih (D) d`kÍMkfoMq fuEuf¥f[r eqx¥ HoukÍ eÍ ls fd`leÍ ;g vuU; fo'ks"rk crkbZ tkrh gS fd` og ¥EckbZ vkSj pkSÈMkbZ eÍ fcYdq`¥ cjkcj gS = (A) vkxjk d`k fd`¥k (B) ¥k¥ fd`¥k (C) rkteg¥ (D) cq¥Un njoktk fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lds` iru ls ‘≠Í`p dz`kfUr’ d`k vkjEH gqvk = (A) cSfLV¥s (B) d`kWE;wUt (C) tSd`ksfcu D¥c (D) fi¥fuVΩt ‘cz© lekt’ d`k laLƒkid` ƒk% (A) Lokeh n;kuUn ljLorh (B) bZ'ojpUnz fo»klkxj (C) jktk jkeeksgu jk; (D) Lokeh foosd`kuUn vaxzstkÍ us fuEuf¥f[r LƒkukÍ ij ftl dz`e eÍ vius O;kikj ds`Unz Lƒkfir fd`,] mud`k lgh d`k¥kuqdz`e gS% (A) d`¥d`®k] cEcbZ] enzkl] lwjr (B) cEcbZ] enzkl] lwjr] d`¥d`®k (C) lwjr] enzkl] cEcbZ] d`¥d`®k (D) lwjr] enzkl] d`¥d`®k] cEcbZ

50. ‘1857

d`k fonzksg’ fd`lus 'kqÔ fd`;k 58. ‘}U}kRed` HkSfrd`okn’ fd`l fl*kUr ds` lkƒ tqÈMk gqvk gS = (A) flikfg;kÍ us (A) œS`fc;uokn (B) lkE;okn (B) teÓnkjkÍ us (C) mnkjrkokn (D) O;fÆVokn (C) fd`lkukÍ us 59. fd`lh fo|kue≥M¥ ds` fd`lh lnL; (D) ckxku d`kexkjkÍ us }kjk izLrqr izLrko d`ks tuegRo d`k vfo¥Ec eke¥k ekurs gq, tks ppkZ d`kaxzsl NksÈMus ds` ckn] 1939 eÍ lqHk" d`h tkrh gS] mls D;k d`grs gß = pUnz cksl us viuh v¥x ikVhZ cuk (A) Lƒxu izLrko ¥h] ftld`k uke ƒk% (B) vfo'okl izLrko (A) lks'kf¥LV C¥kWd` (C) d`VkSrh izLrko (B) jsoksY;w'kujh lks'kf¥LV C¥kWd` (D) mijksDr eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (C) √kWoZMZ C¥kWd` 60. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`h Lƒkiuk (D) lks'kf¥LV-d`kaxzsl C¥kWd` ch\ vkj\ vEcsMd`j }kjk d`h xbZ ƒh = ck¥ xaxk|j fr¥d` d`ks ‘¥ksd`ekU;’ (A) Lojkt ikVhZ d`h mikf| nh xbZ ƒh% (B) lekt lerk ikVhZ (A) 1908 eÍ muds` d`kjkokl ds` (C) vf[¥ Hkjrh; vuqlwfpr tkfr nkSjku ifjla? (B) gkse Ô¥ vkUnks¥u ds` nkSjku (D) Lora( Jfed` n¥ (C) dz`kfUrd`kjh vkUnks¥u ds` nkSjku 61. Hkjr eÍ fd`ld`h LohÎ`fr ds` fcuk d`ksbZ (D) Lons'kh vkUnks¥u ds` nkSjku Hh ljd`kjh [pkZ ugÓ fd`;k tk ‘d`jÍxs ;k ejÍxs’%xka|hth us jkÆV_ d`ks ld`rk = ;g ea( fd`l tu-vkUnks¥u ds` (A) laln volj ij fn;k ƒk = (B) iz|kuea(h (A) jks¥sV lR;kxzg (C) jkÆV_ifr (B) ued` lR;kxzg (D) mPpre U;k;k¥; (C) Hkjr NksÈMks vkUnks¥u 62. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` ns'k (D) vlg;ksx vkUnks¥u la;qDr jkÆV_ lqj”k ifj"nΩ d`k Lƒk;h fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls Hkjrh; lafo|ku lnL; ugÓ gS = lHk d`k v÷;” d`kSu ƒk = (A) ≠`kal (A) MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn (B) teZuh (B) tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ (C) Ôl (C) ,e\ ,\ ftUuk (D) la;qDr jkT; vejhd`k (D) ¥k¥ cgknqj 'kkL(h 63. ¥ksd` lHk vƒok fo|ku lHk ds` fd`lh gekjs lafo|ku eÍ ‘funs'kd` fl*kUr’% pquko izR;k'kh d`h tekur jkf'k d`c (A) d`kuwuh vnk¥rkÍ }kjk izorZuh; gß tCr d`j ¥h tkrh gS = (B) v|Z-izorZuh; gß (A) tc og pquko thrus eÍ vl√¥ gks tkrk gS (C) vkaf'kd` Ôi ls vizorZuh; gß 1 (D) d`kuwuh vnk¥rkÍ }kjk vizorZuh; (B) tc og dq`¥ ernku ds` er 4 gß Hh izkIr ugÓ d`j ikrk lh\ Vh\ ch\ Vh\ O;Dr d`jrk gS% 1 (C) tc og dq`¥ ernku ds` er (A) 'kL( fu;a(. mik; 5 (B) eknd` nzO; fu;a(. mik; Hh izkIr ugÓ d`j ikrk (C) fo®h; fu;a(. mik; 1 (D) tc og dq`¥ ernku ds` er (D) O;kikj fu;a(. vkSj fofu;eu 6 Hh izkIr ugÓ d`j ikrk o"Z 2000 eÍ laln }kjk d`kuwu ikfjr fd`, tkus ds` ckn e÷; izns'k ls 64. la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ds` lnL;kÍ ds` d`kVd`j cuk, x, jkT; d`k uke gS% in d`k d`k;Zd`k¥ gksrk gS% (A) oukap¥ (B) N®hlxÈ< (A) 3 o"Z] ;k 58 o"Z d`h vk;q izkIr (C) fonHZ (D) m®jkap¥ d`jus rd`

(B) 5 o"Z]

ƒk =

51.

52.

53.

54.

55.

56.

57.

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1648

65.

66.

67.

68.

;k 60 o"Z d`h vk;q izkIr d`jus rd` (C) 6 o"Z] ;k 65 o"Z d`h vk;q izkIr d`jus rd` (D) 6 o"Z n¥-jfgr ¥ksd`ra( ds` i” eÍ d`kSu ƒk = (A) t; izd`k'k ukjk;. (B) HwisUnz ukƒ n® (C) ,e\ ,u\ jk; (D) tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ Hkjrh; lafo|ku ds` vf|d`ka'k micU|kÍ d`k la'kks|u fd`;k tk ld`rk gS% (A) jkT; fo|ku lHkvkÍ }kjk ,d`lkƒ fe¥d`j (B) vds`¥h laln }kjk (C) laln vkSj jkT; fo|ku lHkvkÍ ds` la;qDr vuqeksnu }kjk (D) vk|s jkT;kÍ }kjk laiqfÆV fd`, tkus ij gh ‘ifjek.ew¥d` lq¥kH’ (Economics of Scale) d`k vƒZ gS% (A) mRiknu d`h bd`kbZ ¥kxr eÍ d`eh (B) forj. d`h bd`kbZ ¥kxr eÍ d`eh (C) mRiknu d`h dq`¥ ¥kxr eÍ d`eh (D) forj. d`h dq`¥ ¥kxr eÍ d`eh Hkjrh; fjtoZ cßd` fd`l jkT; ljd`kj ds` d`kjksckj d`k ¥su-nsu ugÓ d`jrk = (A) uxk¥ßM (B) tEew vkSj d`'ehj (C) iatkc (D) vle

69.

^fl* iqLrd` ‘n tuj¥ ƒhvfj vkW√ ,EI¥kW;eÍV] bUVjsLV ,ÍM euh’ d`k ¥s[d` gS% (A) ts\ ch\ ls (B) ts\ ,e\ d`hUt (C) veRlZ lsu (D) dS`uZdz`kWl

70.

Hkjr eÍ ‘¥?q m»ksx’ d`h ifjHk"k vk|kfjr gS% (A) ;wfuV }kjk fcdz`h ij (B) e'khukÍ vkSj miLd`jkÍ eÍ fuos'k ij (C) cktkj eÍ O;kfIr ij (D) fu;kZr ”erk ij

71.

72.

73.

74.

75.

76.

77.

tc iw.Z mRikn o|Zeku nj ls cÈ
izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1649

(C) (D)

78.

79.

80.

81.

82.

83.

84.

O;kolkf;d` d`j mRiknu-'kqYd` Hkjr eÍ ‘;wusLd`ks’ ds` fo'o fojklr Lƒ¥kÍ d`h lwph eÍ uohure la;kstu gS% (A) dq`rqc ehukj (B) gqek;w∑ d`k ed`cjk (C) [tqjkgks d`k efUnj (D) ¥k¥ fd`¥k eSd`eksgu js[k }kjk v¥x fd`, tkus ok¥s ns'k gß% (A) v√xkfuLrku vkSj ikfd`Lrku (B) ckaX¥kns'k vkSj Hkjr (C) phu vkSj Hkjr (D) ikfd`Lrku vkSj Hkjr cßd` ds` fd`lh xzkgd` d`ks vius pk¥w [krs eÍ tek jkf'k ls vf|d` ds` pSd` d`kVus ds` f¥, nh xbZ vuqefr d`ks d`grs gß% (A) futh )`. (B) lk|kj. )`. (C) gqaMh d`ks cVΩVs ij nsuk (D) vksojM_kŒV ;q* ;k vkdz`e. ds` d`kj. vuqPNsn 352 ds` vUrxZr vkikrd`k¥ d`h ?ks".k ds` f¥, laln d`k vuqeksnu visf”r gS% (A) ,d` ekg ds` Hhrj (B) nks ekg ds` Hhrj (C) pkj ekg ds` Hhrj (D) Ng ekg ds` Hhrj Hkjr d`k ig¥k j”kea(h ƒk% (A) ds`\ ,e\ d`fjvIik (B) xksik¥Lokeh v…;axj (C) c¥nso ¯lg (D) ljnkj iVs¥ Hkjr eÍ ‘izkarh; Lok;®rk’ 'kqÔ d`h xbZ ƒh% (A) Hkjrh; ifj"nΩ vf|fu;e] 1909 }kjk (B) Hkjr ljd`kj vf|fu;e] 1919 }kjk (C) Hkjr ljd`kj vf|fu;e] 1935 }kjk (D) Hkjrh; Lora ( rk vf|fu;e] 1947 }kjk d`kSulk ,d` ns'k vc Hh jktk }kjk 'kkflr gS = (A) v√xkfuLrku (B) bZjku

(C) (D)

85.

86.

87.

88.

89.

90.

91.

bjkd` l˜nh vjc Hkjrh; lafo|ku d`k vuqPNsn 370 ifjiqÆV d`jrk gS% (A) Hkjr eÍ Hwfe lq|kj d`kuwu d`ks (B) jktuf;d` fo'ks"kf|d`kjkÍ vkSj mUeqfDr;kÍ d`ks (C) tEew vkSj d`'ehj jkT; ds` f¥, fo'ks" fLƒfr d`ks (D) ¥ksd`ik¥ ds` d`rZO;kÍ rƒk vf|d`kjkÍ d`ks D¥kfld` iqLrd` ‘¥kb√ fMokbu’ d`k ¥s[d` fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu gS = (A) jfo 'kad`j (B) Lokeh foosd`kuUn (C) jk|kÎ`Æ.u (D) vjfoUn ?ks" Hkjr eÍ fd`lh Hh jkT; d`h eq“;ea(h cuus ok¥h ig¥h efg¥k ƒh% (A) uafnuh lRiƒh (B) MkW\ ts\ t;¥f¥rk (C) lqpsrk Î`i¥kuh (D) lqJh ek;korh iSjk'kwV |hjs-|hjs uhps vkrk gS] tcfd` mlh ˜∑pkbZ ls œÍ`d`k x;k iRƒj rsth ls fxjrk gS] D;kÍfd`% (A) iRƒj iSjk'kwV ls Hkjh gS (B) iSjk'kwV eÍ fo'ks" ra(kÍ d`h O;oLƒk gS (C) iSjk'kwV ds` i~ÆB d`k ”s(√¥ T;knk gS] vr# ok;q d`k izfrjks| vf|d` gS (D) mijksDr eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ tknqxqÈMk d`k lEcU| gS% (A) ¥ksgk ds` [uu ls (B) vHzd` ds` [uu ls (C) ;wjsfu;e ds` [uu ls (D) rk∑ck ds` [uu ls l¥he v¥h ƒk% (A) ,d` fo“;kr mnwZ d`fo (B) ,d` fo“;kr i”hfoKkuh (C) ,d` fo“;kr xt¥ xk;d` (D) mijksDr eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ‘Hkjrh; losZ”.’ fd`l ea(k¥; ds` v|hu gS = (A) j”k (B) i;kZoj. vkSj ou (C) x~g (D) foKku vkSj izkS»ksfxd`h

92.

93.

94.

95.

96.

97.

98.

99.

100.

Hkjr ds` jkÆV_ifr d`k uke crk,a] tks fufoZjks| pquk x;k ƒk% (A) MkW\ 'kad`j n;k¥ 'kekZ (B) MkW\ uh¥e lathok jsMΩMh (C) MkW\ √[Ôˆhu v¥h vgen 01. (D) MkW\ tkfd`j gqlSu 06. d`kSulk vk;ksx lkafo|kfud` micU|kÍ 11. }kjk Lƒkfir ugÓ gS = 16. (A) fo® vk;ksx 21. 26. (B) ;kstuk vk;ksx 31. (C) la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx 36. (D) pquko vk;ksx 41. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk laxBu 43. lcls iqjkuk gS = (A) vkb\ ,e\ ,√\ (B) MCY;w\ ,p\ vks\ (C) vkb\ ,¥\ vks\ (D) ,√\ ,\ vks\ vUrfj” foHkx us lkr Hkjrh; izkS»ksfxd`h laLƒkukÍ d`h 'kS¥h ij Hkjrh; vUrfj” izkS»ksfxd`h laLƒku Lƒkfir d`jus d`k izLrko j[k gS\ mld`k Lora( ifjlj gksxk% (A) psUubZ eÍ 44. (B) ƒqEck eÍ 48. (C) fr:ouariqje eÍ (D) Jhgfjd`ksVk eÍ oSfnd` ¥ksxkÍ }kjk fd`l |krq d`k iz;ksx ig¥s fd`;k x;k ƒk = (A) pk∑nh (B) lksuk (C) ¥ksgk (D) rk∑ck ‘jkbMj d`i’ d`k lEcU| fd`l [s¥ 49. ds` lkƒ gS = 51. (A) œq`VckW¥ (B) xkWY√ (C) cSMfeUVu (D) fdz`ds`V gekjs lafo|ku eÍ ‘vkfƒZd` vk;kstu’ 'kkfe¥ gS% (A) la? lwph eÍ (B) jkT; lwph eÍ (C) leorhZ lwph eÍ (D) fd`lh fof'kÆV lwph eÍ ugÓ ‘ukckMZ’ d`k lEcU| fd`lds` fod`kl ds` lkƒ gS = (A) Î`f" ”s( vkSj xzkeh. b¥kds` (B) Hkjh m»ksx (C) c߯d`x ”s( (D) Lƒkoj laink fo'o ds` nwljs uEcj ds` f[¥kÈMh jkœS`¥ ukMk¥ us ≠Í`p vksiu] 2007 thrk ƒk% (A) LVh√u ,McxZ d`ks gjkd`j

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1650

(B) (C) (D)

,s≥Mh jkWfMd` d`ks gjkd`j jkstj Èœs`Mjj d`ks gjkd`j ≠s`M ,sf¥XtßMj d`ks gjkd`j

52. (B) 53. (C) 54. (A) 55. (D) jkT;

uhfr ds` funs'kd` fl*kUrkÍ d`k mY¥s [ la f o|ku ds ` Hkx pkj ds ` vuqPNsn 36 ls 51 rd` eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ lafo|ku fuekZrkvkÍ us ;g fopkj 1937 eÍ fufeZr vk;j¥ßM ds` lafo|ku ls f¥;k\ vk;j¥ßM ds` lafo|ku eÍ bls Lisu ds` lafo|ku ls xzg. fd`;k x;k ƒk\ ekSf¥d` vf|d`kjkÍ ds` lkƒ funs'kd` fl*kUr lafo|ku d`h vkRek ,oa n'kZu gS] funs'kd` fl*kUr xSj-U;k;kÍfpr gksrs gß\ bUgÍ d`kuwuh Ôi ls U;k;k¥; }kjk ¥kxw ugÓ d`jk;k tk ld`rk gS\

m®j O;k“;k lfgr (D) 2. (A) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (B) (B) 7. (B) 8. (D) 9. (A) 10. (D) (A) 12. (A) 13. (D) 14. (B) 15. (B) (A) 17. (A) 18. (A) 19. (C) 20. (B) (C) 22. (B) 23. (A) 24. (C) 25. (A) (B) 27. (B) 28. (D) 29. (A) 30. (C) (D) 32. (B) 33. (A) 34. (B) 35. (D) (C) 37. (D) 38. (B) 39. (C) 40. (D) (B) 42. (D) (A) ‘osn’ 'kCn d`k vƒZ ‘Kku’ gksrk gS\

osnkÍ eÍ Hkjr d`k izkphu Kku lqjf”r gS\ osn Hkjrh; laLÎ`fr ds` vk|kj gß rƒk Hkjr ds` izkphure |eZxzUƒ gß] Hkjrh; ijEijk osnkÍ d`ks vikS:"s; vƒok bZ'oj fufeZr ekurh gS blds` vuqlkj l~fÆV ds` vkfn eÍ cz©k us dq`N )`f";kÍ d`ks ea(kÍ d`k izd`k'k fn;k] osnO;kl us bl Kku d`ks lad`f¥r d`j fn;k\ blh d`kj. osnkÍ d`ks ‘Jqfr’ Hh d`gk tkrk gS\ osn d`h la“;k pkj gS% )`Xosn] ;tqosZn] lkeosn rƒk vƒoZosn\ bleÍ )`Xosn lcls izkphu ,oa egRoiw.Z jpuk gS\ (C) 45. (C) 46. (C) 47. (A) (C) fgUnw |eZ eÍ ig¥k lq|kj

vkUnks¥u cz© lekt ƒk ftl ij vk|qfud` ik'pkR; fopkj|kjk d`k cgqr izHko iÈMk ƒk\ jktk jkeeksgu jk; cz© lekt (1828) ds` izorZd` ƒs] bl lekt d`k mˆs'; 'kk'or] lokZ|kj] vifjoR;Z bZ'oj d`h iwtk gS tks lkjs fo'o d`k d`®kZ vkSj j”d` gS vkSj lHh |eksÛ eÍ vkilh ,d`rk ds` cU|u d`ks ›È< d`juk ƒk\

(C) 50. (A) (C) ekpZ 1939 eÍ lqHk" pUnz cksl us ,d` u;k n¥ √kWjoMZ C¥kWd` cuk;k\ cksl us d`kaxzsl d`k mˆs';] uhfr] d`k;Zdz`e lHh Lohd`kj d`j f¥;k\ ijUrq mUgÍ d`kaxzsl ds` mPp vkns'k ij fo'okl ugÓ ƒk\ og leLr lkezkT; fojks|h] vfroknh rƒk izxfr'kh¥ rRokÍ d`ks ,d` >≥Ms r¥s ,d`f(r d`jus d`k iz;Ru d`j jgs ƒs vkSj mUgkÍus okeiaƒh ,d`hd`j. lfefr d`k xBu fd`;k\ cksl d`kaxzsl d`h vaxzstkÍ ls lg;ksx d`h uhfr ds` fojks|h ƒs vkSj og vaxzstkÍ d`ks nsæ ls fud`k¥us ds` f¥, ns'k ds` ckgj ls lSfud` lgk;rk izkIr d`jus ds` f¥, ns'k ls ckgj p¥s x,\ 1947 eÍ √kWjoMZ C¥kWd` us 'kfDr ds` gLrkUrj. d`ks ‘>wBs 'kfDr gLrkUrj.’ d`h laKk nh\ mud`k d`guk ƒk fd` H;Hhr cwtZok ¥ksxkÍ us vaxzsth lkezkT;okfn;kÍ ls lk>snkjh Lƒkfir d`j ¥h gS rkfd` turk ds` la?"Z d`ks lekIr fd`;k tk lds`\

56. (A) 57. (B) 58. (B) 59. (A) 60. (D) 61. (A) 62. (B) 63. (D) 64. (C) 65. (A)

t;^d`kæ ukjk;. n¥-jfgr ¥ksd`rU( ds` i” eÍ ƒs] ¥sfd`u buls iwoZ ,e\ ,u\ jk; us n¥foghu ¥ksd`rU( d`k fopkj fn;k ƒk\ 66. (B) lafo|ku ds` vf|d`kaæ micU|kÍ d`k laæks|u vds`¥h laln] ftleÍ jkÆV_ifr] ¥ksd`lHk vkSj jkT;lHk lfEef¥r gß] }kjk fd`;k tkrk gS\ jkT;kÍ d`h fo|ku lHkvkÍ d`ks ds`o¥ foæs" ^d`kj ds` lafo|ku laæks|u fo|s;d`kÍ d`ks vuqeksnu d`jus d`h æfDr gS\ 67. 72. 77. 82. 87. 92. 97.

(A) 68. (B) (B) 73. (A) (C) 78. (D) (C) 83. (C) (C) 88. (C) (B) 93. (B) (B) 98. (C)

69. (B) 70. (B) 74. (D) 75. (C) 79. (C) 80. (D) 84. (D) 85. (C) 89. (C) 90. (B) 94. (C) 95. (C) 99. (A)100. (C)

71. (B) 76. (B) 81. (A) 86. (D) 91. (D) 96. (C)

●●●

bXuw ch\ ,M\ izosæ ijh{kk] 2007 d`k g¥ iz'u-i( ·Le~fr ij vk|kfjr‚

lkekU; fgUnh cks|

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1651

07.

(A)

Hkx ·v‚ [≥M%I funsZ'k%·iz'u 1 ls 10 rd`‚ fuEuf¥f[r ifjPNsn d`ks lko|kuhiwoZd` iÈk tk ld`rk gS\ cq* d`ks O;kid` Ôi eÍ x¥r le>k x;k gS\ O;ogkjokfn;kÍ] vKs;okfn;kÍ] fujh'ojokfn;kÍ rƒk uSfrd` ekuorkokfn;kÍ us mUgÍ vius n'kZu d`k izpkj d`jus ok¥k ekuk gS\ cq* d`h f'k”kvkÍ d`ks Hkjr d`h bZlk-iwoZ NBh 'krkCnh d`ks le>d`j gh Bhd` izd`kj ls le>k tk ld`rk gS D;kÍfd` mud`k vkfoHkZo mlh 'krkCnh eÍ gqvk ƒk] fd`Urq ,slk d`juk vis”kÎ`r d`fBu d`k;Z gS\ bZlk-iwoZ NBh 'krkCnh ds` Hkjr eÍ cgqr izd`kj d`h fopkj|kjk,∑ vkSj lEiznk; ƒs rƒkfi lHh lEiznk; vkRek ds` iqutZUe] d`eZ ds` n'kZu ,oa ekuo ds` pje ¥{; fuokZ. ds` fo"; eÍ lger ƒs\ cq* us bu fl*kUrkÍ d`ks Lohd`kj fd`;k gS] ;»fi mUgkÍus |kfeZd` fl*kUrokn d`ks vLohd`kj fd`;k gS] fd`Urq mud`k ;ksxnku uSfrd`rk rƒk lnkpkj d`h mRÎ`ÆVrk d`ks egRoiw.Z ekuus eÍ ƒk\ mUgkÍus ≤n; d`ks 'kkfUr iznku d`jus d`h vko';d`rk rƒk uSfrd`rk ds` fu;ekÍ ds` vuqlj. ij fo'ks" c¥ fn;k\ nq#[kÍ d`k vUr 'kjhj d`h Hw[ d`ks 'kkUr d`jus rƒk vius laosxkÍ ij ›Èk tk ld`rk gS =

(C) (D)

02.

03.

04.

05.

06.

bZ\ iw\ NBh 'krkCnh ds` Hkjr d`ks le>us ls (B) ftl d`k¥ eÍ os jgs gß ml d`k¥ d`h lkis”rk eÍ mUgÍ le>us ls (C) cq* d`h f'k”kvkÍ d`k Bhd`-Bhd` leknj d`jus ls (D) muds` fopkjkÍ vkSj n'kZu d`k v÷;;u d`jus rƒk le>us ls ifjPNsn ds` vuqlkj% (A) cq* ds` mu fl*kUrkÍ d`ks Lohd`kj ugÓ fd`;k tks muds` le; izp¥u eÍ ƒs (B) cq* d`k uSfrd` 'kkL( eÍ vf|d` ;ksxnku ugÓ gS (C) cq* d`k fo'okl gBoknh lS*kfUrd` n'kZu eÍ ugÓ ƒk (D) cq* ds` le; d`eZ d`k fl*kUr Lohd`kj ugÓ fd`;k x;k ƒk laosxkÍ ij mfpr fu;a(. ls gksxk% (A) nq#[kÍ d`k vUr (B) loZJsÆB vkSj loksZPp cuÍxs (C) gB|feZrk d`ks cÈ
08.

09.

10.

fuokZ. eÍ mi;qZDr lHh eÍ cq* us fd`l ij tksj fn;k = (A) bZ'oj d`h HfDr ij (B) d`eZd`k≥M ij (C) izkƒZuk ij (D) vkpkj'kkL( rƒk uSfrd` fu;ekÍ ij ifjPNsn ds` vuqlkj cq* d`h f'k”k,∑ eq“; Ôi ls |eZlEcU|h gß% (A) vk÷;kfRed` xgjkbZ ds` d`kj. (B) uSfrd` ›È
[≥M%II

rkfdZ`d` ,oa fo'¥s".kRed` fpUru funsZ'k%·iz'u 11 ls 14 rd`‚ fuEuf¥f[r iz'ukÍ eÍ vad`kÍ d`h ,d` viw.Z Δka~[¥k nh xbZ gS ftlds` lnL;kÍ eÍ ,d` lEcU| gS\ fn, x, fod`YikÍ eÍ ls lokZf|d` mi;qDr ¥qIr in d`h igpku d`hft,% 11. 0, 3, 8, 15, ___ ? (A) 18 (B) 20 (C) 22 (D) 24 12. 9, 18, 27, 36, ___ ? (A) 45 (B) 125 (C) 54 (D) 46 13. 48, 63, 80, 99, ___ ? (A) 118 (B) 120 (C) 121 (D) 130

14. 2, 9, 30, 93, 282, ___ ? (A) 849 (B) 846 (C) 649 (D) 746

21.

funsZ'k%·iz ' u 15 ls 1 8 rd`‚ fuEuf¥f[r iz'ukÍ eÍ vaxzsth o.Zek¥k ds` o.ksÛ d`k lewg fn;k x;k gS\ ig¥k in izkƒfed` ;k iz'u in gS ftlds` ckn pkj in ,sls gß ftueÍ rhu o iz'u in l›'k gß vkSj ,d` lcls fHUu gS\ bl vuwBs in d`ks igpkuÍ\ 15. KIHG (1) PNML (3) DMLK (A) 1 (C) 3 16. ANBO (1) CPDQ (3) GTHS (A) 1 (C) 3 17. BDCE (1) DFEG (3) HJIK (A) 1 (C) 3 18. MLNO (1) DCEF (3) HGIJ (A) 1 (C) 3

(2) (4) (B) (D)

YWVU GEDC 2 4

(2) (4) (B) (D)

ERFS IVJW 2 4

(2) (4) (B) (D)

FHGI JLKN 2 4

(2) (4) (B) (D)

SRTU VUXW 2 4

19.

fd`lh 'kqdz`okj ok¥s fnu lk”kRd`kj Lƒku ij igq∑pus ij irk p¥k fd` eß fuf'pr fnu ls nks fnu ig¥s vk x;k gw∑\ ;fn eß ogk∑ vx¥s cq|okj d`ks igq∑prk] rks eß fd`rus fnu fo¥fEcr gksrk = (A) 2 fnu (B) 3 fnu (C) 4 fnu (D) 7 fnu funsZ'k%·iz'u 20 ls 24 rd`‚ uhps fn, x, iz'ukÍ eÍ ik∑p vkÎ`fr;k∑ nh xbZ gß\ izƒe vkÎ`fr lanfHZr vkÎ`fr gS rƒk 'ks" pkj eÍ rhu lanfHZr vkÎ`fr ls fe¥rh gß rƒk ,d` pkjkÍ ls fHUu gS\ lcls fHUu bl vkÎ`fr d`h igpku d`jÍ\ 20. iz'u vkÎ`fr

m®j vkÎ`fr;k∑

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1652

26.

lHh vke √¥ gksrs gß\ lHh √¥ [kus-;ksX; ugÓ gksrs gß\ fuÆd`"Z # I. vke [kus-;ksX; ugÓ gksrs gß\ m®j vkÎ`fr;k∑ II. dq`N vke [kus-;ksX; gksrs gß\ (A) ds`o¥ I lgh gS (B) ds`o¥ II lgh gS (A) (B) (C) (D) (C) I o II nksukÍ lgh gß 22. iz'u vkÎ`fr (D) I o II nksukÍ eÍ ls d`ksbZ Hh lgh ugÓ gS 27. lHh i”h Lru|kjh gß\ Lru|kjh v≥Ms ugÓ nsrs gß\ m®j vkÎ`fr;k∑ fuÆd`"Z # I. i”h v≥Ms ugÓ nsrs gß II. dq`N Lru|kjh i”h gß\ (A) (B) (C) (D) (A) ds`o¥ I lgh gS 23. iz'u vkÎ`fr (B) ds`o¥ II lgh gS (C) I o II nksukÍ lgh gß (D) I o II nksukÍ eÍ ls d`ksbZ Hh lgh ugÓ gS m®j vkÎ`fr;k∑ 28. lHh ¥ÈMds` ufn;k∑ gß\ dq`N ufn;k∑ ¥ÈMfd`;k∑ gß\ fuÆd`"Z # (A) (B) (C) (D) I. dq`N ¥ÈMfd`;k∑ ¥ÈMds` gks ld`rh 24. iz'u vkÎ`fr gß\ II. ghjk ¥ÈMd`h ugÓ gS] blf¥, og unh gS\ (A) ds`o¥ I lgh gS m®j vkÎ`fr;k∑ (B) ds`o¥ II lgh gS (C) I o II nksukÍ lgh gß (D) I o II nksukÍ eÍ ls d`ksbZ Hh lgh ugÓ gS (A) (B) (C) (D) funsZ'k%·iz ' u 25 ls 2 8 rd`‚ 29. fuEuf¥f[r rkf¥d`k eÍ 'kCn o muds` fuEuf¥f[r ^'ukÍ eÍ izR;sd` iz'u eÍ nks d`ksM fn, gq, gß\ PSVW fd`l 'kCn d`ƒu fn, x, gß ftuls nks fuÆd`"Z fud`k¥s d`k d`ksM gksxk = x, gß\ fn, x, nksukÍ d`ƒukÍ d`ks lR; 'kCn d`ksM ekurs gq, ·pkgs ;s fd`rus gh csrqds` D;kÍ u CRAB MBKL gkÍ‚ vki ;g crk,a fd` d`kSulk fuÆd`"Z DUST NECD rkfdZ`d` Ôi ls lgh gS\ fn, x, fod`YikÍ eÍ ls lokZf|d` mi;qDr fod`Yi pquÍ\ PONY ZYXI 25. dq`N ed`ku Œ¥SV gksrs gß\ EVIL OFSV d`ksbZ Hh Œ¥SV [k¥h ugÓ gS\ (A) FILM (B) ZEST fuÆd`"Z # (C) FLIT (D) SLIM I. dq`N ed`ku [k¥h gß\ 30. fuEuf¥f[r Δka~[¥k eÍ d`kSulk lnL; II. dq`N [k¥h fc¯YMx ed`ku gß\ cses¥ gS = (A) ds`o¥ I lgh gS (1) in (2) at (B) ds`o¥ II lgh gS (3) un (4) pre (C) I o II nksukÍ lgh gß (A) 1 (B) 2 (D) I o II nksukÍ eÍ ls d`ksbZ Hh lgh (C) 3 (D) 4 ugÓ gS iz'u vkÎ`fr

[≥M%III

38.

'kSf”d` ,oa lkekU; psruk 31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

funsZ'k%lgh m®j pqfu,\ lafo|ku ds` vuqlkj Hkjr d`ks crk;k x;k gS% (A) jkT;kÍ d`k la? (B) jkT;kÍ d`k lewg ·œs`Mjs'ku‚ (C) v|Z-lewg (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`k fe¥ku x¥r gS = (A) dq`rqcehukj % ,scd` rƒk bYrqrfe'k (B) ¥k¥ eg¥ % c¥cu (C) v¥kbZ njoktk % v¥kmˆhu f[¥th (D) ksiÈMk % bczkfge ¥ksnh lkSj e≥M¥ d`k lokZf|d` l?u xzg gS% (A) lw;Z (B) c~gLifr (C) cq| (D) i~Foh ^ƒe Hkjrh; js¥xkÈMh d`h ;k(k fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lds` chp gqbZ ƒh = (A) cEcbZ rƒk iwuk (B) iwuk rƒk vgenkckn (C) cEcbZ rƒk ƒkus (D) gkoÈMk rƒk [ÈMxiqj lsŒVh ekfpl ds` fuekZ. eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh lkexzh ekfpl ds` fMCcs ds` nksukÍ vksj ¥xkus ds` f¥, iz;qDr gksrh gS = (A) ih¥k √kWL√ksjl (B) ¥k¥ √kWL√ksjl (C) ljsl ·X¥w‚ (D) 'kh'ks d`k ikmMj fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l vf|d`kj d`ks ch\ vkj\ vEcsMd`j us ‘lafo|ku d`k ≤n; vkSj vkRek’ (Heart and Soul of the Constituton) crk;k ƒk = (A) |kfeZd` Lora(rk d`k vf|d`kj (B) lEif® d`k vf|d`kj (C) lekurk d`k vf|d`kj (D) laoS|kfud` mipkj d`k vf|d`kj d`YpMZ eksrh d`k mRiknu d`gk∑ d`k egRoiw.Z dq`Vhj m»ksx gS = (A) cs¥ft;e (B) U;wth¥S≥M (C) tkiku (D) if'pe Hkjr

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1653

39.

40.

41.

42.

43.

44.

45.

46.

Hkjrh; ns'kh jkT;kÍ d`k ,d`hd`j. d`jus d`k Js; fd`ld`ks gS = (A) ljnkj iVs¥ (B) ia\ usgÔ (C) MkW\ jktsUnz izlkn (D) MkW\ tkfd`j gqlSu egkRek xka|h ds` jktuSfrd` xq: d`kSu ƒs = (A) nknkHkbZ ukSjksth (B) ck¥ xaxk|j fr¥d` (C) enu eksgu ek¥oh; (D) xksik¥Î`Æ. xks[¥s ¥Ecknh d`gk∑ ds`fUnzr gS = (A) ds`j¥ (B) vkU|z izns'k (C) d`ukZVd` (D) mÈMhlk vaxzstkÍ us eqx¥kÍ ds` vfUre ckn'kkg d`ks Hkjr ls fuÆd`kflr d`j d`gk∑ Hstk ƒk = (A) v≥Meku rƒk fud`ksckj }hilewg (B) Ygklk (C) jaxwu (D) cßd`kWd` nh losZUVΩl vkW√ bf≥M;k lkslk;Vh d`h 1905 eÍ Lƒkiuk fd`lds` }kjk d`h xbZ ƒh = (A) enu eksgu ek¥oh; (B) nknkHkbZ ukSjksth (C) eksrh¥k¥ usgÔ (D) xksik¥ Î`Æ. xks[¥s ÷ofu lokZf|d` rhoz xfr ls d`gk∑ xfr d`jrh gS = (A) ok;q (B) t¥ (C) fuokZr (D) LVh¥ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh izk;}hi d`h iwoZ fn'kk d`h vksj cgus ok¥h unh gS = (A) ueZnk (B) d`kosjh (C) egkunh (D) rkIrh fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh pksVh fgek¥; Δka~[¥k eÍ fLƒr ugÓ gS = (A) uUnk nsoh (B) xksMfou vkWfLVu (C) da`putaxk (D) |kS¥kfxfj Mk;useks ds` fl*kUr d`k vkfoÆd`kj fd`lus fd`;k = (A) ekbd`¥ œS`jkMs (B) ,sYcVZ vkbaLVkbu (C) eSDl I¥ßd` (D) lj gE≠`h Msoh

47.

lokZf|d` egRoiw.Z jch d`h √l¥ gS% (A) |ku (B) xsgw∑ (C) tkS (D) twV 48. ,d` ?ÈMh ds` ds`o¥ Mk;¥ ij fpÕ vafd`r gß\ ?ÈMh ds` foijhr j[s ler¥ niZ. eÍ d`kSulk le; iÈ
50.

51.

52.

53.

(B) 7·35 (D) 8·35

‘loZ f'k”k vfH;ku’ uke ds` jkÆV_h; egRo ds` d`k;Zdz`e d`ks D;kÍ p¥k;k x;k = (A) 0 ls 14 o"Z rd` ds` vk;q oxZ ds` lHh cPpkÍ gsrq fu#'kqYd` ,oa vfuok;Z f'k”k (B) 0 ls 18 o"Z rd` ds` vk;q oxZ ds` lHh cPpkÍ gsrq fu#'kqYd` ,oa vfuok;Z f'k”k (C) 6 ls 14 o"Z rd` ds` vk;q oxZ ds` lHh cPpkÍ gsrq fu#'kqYd` ,oa vfuok;Z f'k”k (D) 6 ls 18 o"Z rd` ds` vk;q oxZ ds` lHh cPpkÍ gsrq fu#'kqYd` ,oa vfuok;Z f'k”k lesfd`r ck¥ fod`kl d`k;Zdz`e (ICDS) d`k lapk¥u fd`lds` }kjk gksrk gS = (A) ekuo lalk|u fod`kl ea(k¥; (B) efg¥k ,oa ck¥ fod`kl ea(k¥; (C) xzkeh. fod`kl ea(k¥; (D) ck¥ Je ea(k¥; lafo|ku ds` vUrxZr fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls f'k”k fd`ld`k fo"; gS = (A) jkT; lwph (B) ds`Unzh; lwph (C) leorhZ ·d`kÍd`jÍV‚ lwph (D) bu lHh d`k Lora( Hkjr eÍ f'k”k ds` lHh vaxkÍ d`k foospu d`jus ok¥s f'k”k vk;ksx d`h v÷;”rk fd`lus d`h = (A) MkW\ ,\ ,¥\ eqnf¥;kj (B) MkW\ f(xq. lsu (C) MkW\ ,l\ jk|kÎ`Æ.u (D) MkW\ Mh\ ,l\ d`ksBkjh ckf¥d`kvkÍ d`h f'k”k ds` lEcU| eÍ egRoiw.Z laLrqfr fd`lus d`h ƒh = (A) f(xq. lsu d`esVh (B) xtsUnz xMd`j d`esVh (C) eq“;eaf(;kÍ d`h d`ka≠Í`l (D) nqxkZckbZ ns'keq[ d`esVh

54.

jkÆV_h; f'k”k uhfr (1986) us jkT; (C) vf|xe d`ks izHkoh d`juk }kjk f'k”k ij O;; d`jus d`h fl√kfj'k (D) Nk(kÍ d`ks d`”k eÍ fdz`;kjr j[uk d`h% 60. fæ”d` d`h vkokt viuh d`”k eÍ dS`lh (A) G. D. P. d`k 8 izfr'kr gksuh pkfg, = (B) G. D. P. d`k 4 izfr'kr (A) mPp o izc¥ (C) G. D. P. d`k 6 izfr'kr (B) lLoj o l¥; (D) G. D. P. d`k 10 izfr'kr (C) vkSlru larqf¥r 55. ,u\ lh\ bZ\ vkj\ Vh\ }kjk rS;kj (D) bruh gh izc¥ gks rkfd` fiN¥h fd`, x, jkÆV_h; ikBΩ;dz`e d`h Ôisj[k iafDr rd` lqukbZ ns (2005) eÍ eq“; fopkj.h; fo"; ƒk% 61. d`”k÷;kid` d`k d`”k eÍ lokZf|d` (A) f'k”k ds` ¥{;kÍ d`k iqufuZ|kZj. okaNuh; O;ogkj dS`lk gksuk pkfg, = (B) f'k”. d`h u;h fof|;k∑ (A) vfr fu;efuÆB (C) O;kolkf;d` f'k”k (B) vgLr”siuh; (D) cPpkÍ ds 'kSf”d` Hkj d`ks d`e (C) iztkrkaf(d` d`juk (D) d`”k eÍ mnkjoknh [≥M%IV 62. fd`lh Nk( }kjk x¥r m®j ls fuiVus d`k lokZf|d` mi;qDr rjhd`k gksxk% f'k”. vf|xe ,oa fo»k¥; (A) fo";-oLrq d`h vkS j foLr~ r funsZ'k%lgh m®j pqfu,\ O;k“;k ftlls mls viuh x¥rh d`k vglkl gks lds` 56. fuEuf¥f[r in Δka~[¥k d`”k v÷;kiu (B) O;k“;k d`juk fd` m®j x¥r ·Nk(-f'k”d` ijLij lEeq[‚ ds` f¥, D;kÍ gS d`kSulk dz`e lokZf|d` Lohd`k;Z gksxk = (C) ikB vPNh rjg u lh[us ds` (A) izLrqrhd`j.%vfHizsj.k% f¥, mls √Vd`kjuk v˙;kl%ewY;kad`u (D) x¥r m®j d`h vogs¥uk d`juk (B) vfHizsj.k%izLrqrhd`j.% v˙;kl%ewY;kad`u 63. ‘vkI¥o-laKku ·esVk-d`kWfXu'ku‚’ d`k (C) vfHizsj.k%izLrqrhd`j.% lEcU| gS% ewY;kad`u%v˙;kl (A) f'k”.-d`¥k ls (D) izLrqrhd`j.%vfHizsj.k% (B) okrkoj. d`ks tkuus ls ewY;kad`u%v˙;kl (C) vf|xe d`¥k ls 57. vkid`h d`”k eÍ Nk(kÍ d`k ÷;ku ds`fUnzr (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls fd`lh ds` lkƒ ugÓ d`jus ds` f¥, d`kSulk rjhd`k lcls 64. ,d` Nk( izk;# vHnz O;ogkj d`jrk vf|d` vPNk gksxk = gS\ ,d` v÷;kid` ds` Ôi eÍ mlds` (A) mUgÍ mfpr O;ogkj d`jus ds` lkƒ vki dS`ls is'k vk,axs = f¥, d`guk (A) mfpr izfr-m®j nÍxs (B) ifj.kekÍ ds` ckjs eÍ lEiw.Z d`”k (B) Hnz O;ogkj d`jus ok¥s dq`N d`ks psrkouh nsxk vU; Nk(kÍ d`k mnkgj. nÍxs (C) mPN~a[¥ fo»kfƒZ;kÍ d`ks ckgj tkus (C) vfHHkod`kÍ ls f'kd`k;r d`jÍxs ds` f¥, d`guk (D) ;g lqfuf'pr d`jÍxs fd` og vius (D) mUgÍ fdz`;kd`¥kikÍ eÍ O;Lr j[uk vokaNuh; O;ogkj d`ks eglwl d`jÍ 58. fo»k¥; o leqnk; ,d`-nwljs ls ijLij lEcfU|r gß\ fo»k¥; ds` 65. ¯d`MjxkVZu ,d` f'k'kq-ds`fUnzr f'k”k gS ftld`k Js; tkrk gS% fod`kl eÍ leqnk; fd`l izd`kj ;ksxnku (A) MΩ;wbZ d`ks d`j ld`rk gS = (A) viuh lsok,∑ nsd`j (B) ≠`kacs¥ d`ks (B) vius cPps Hstd`j (C) ek∑Vsljh d`ks (C) vkfƒZd` lgk;rk nsd`j (D) LisUlj d`ks (D) vius lq>ko nsd`j 66. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu ck¥-ds`fUnzr f'k”k d`ks izksRlkgu ugÓ nsrk = 59. f'k”d` d`h eq“; ftEesnkjh gS% (A) f'k'kq izkÎ`frd` Ôi ls gh vPNk (A) vPNs vf|xe vuqHokÍ d`h ;kstuk gS cukuk (B) f'k'kq vuqHokÍ ls lh[rk gS (B) laizs". izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1654

(C)

67.

68.

69.

70.

71.

f'k'kq d`ks ds`o¥ f'k”d` gh fl[k ld`rk gS (D) f'k'kq d`ks mfpr okrkoj. ls izfrikfnr d`juk pkfg, f'k”d` ds` f¥, Kku ds` lzksrkÍ d`k fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk la;kstu lokZf|d` Lohd`k;Z gksuk pkfg, = (A) lkekU; cks|] vo¥ksd`u] ;kSfâ`d` (B) vo¥ksd`u] ;kSfâ`d` o varKkZu (C) vkI¥o-laKku ·esVk-d`kWfXu'ku‚] ;kSfâ`d` o varnZ'khZ (D) varKkZu] vo¥ksd`u o vkI¥olaKku ·esVk-d`kWfXu'ku‚ d`kS'k¥ lh[us eÍ v˙;kl ds` izHko d`k mnΩxe gS% (A) l√¥rk d`h ckjackj lwpuk nsrs jguk (B) fo'ks"KkÍ }kjk izn'kZu d`juk (C) lkad`f¥d` ewY;kad`u (D) fuÆif® ds` ifj.ke d`k Kku nsuk ;fn d`”k d`h fiN¥h iafDr eÍ cSBk d`ksbZ fo»kƒhZ cspSu gks jgk gks vkSj ckj-ckj [ÈMk gksrk gks] vkxs ns[rk gks rƒk uksVΩl f¥[ jgk gks] rks bld`k lcls lEHo d`kj. D;k gks ld`rk gS = (A) ;g mld`h lk|kj. vknr gS (B) ';kei± d`h f¥[kbZ iÈ<us ;ksX; ugÓ gS (C) Nk( v÷;kid` d`k ÷;ku viuh vksj vkÎ`ÆV d`juk pkgrk gS (D) Nk( d`h ›fÆV eÍ nks" gks ld`rk gS d`ksbZ v÷;kid` vius iÈ ¥sus pkfg, (D) fu;ekÍ d`ks ekuus eÍ √k;ns gß

gS\ ;fn ¥Íl d`h √ksd`l nwjh ‘f’ gS] rks ,d` fnu iwoZ fd`lh Nk( us vkid`ks (B) Kku d`k lEeku d`jus ok¥s ekuo blls ;g fuÆd`"Z fud`k¥k tk ld`rk >wBk d`gk\ nwljs fnu fd`lh iz'u ds` ds` fod`kl gS fd`% m®j eÍ mlds` }kjk fn, x, vPNs (C) ,d` vPNh ¯tnxh thus ds` f¥, m®j eÍ vkid`h LokHkfod` izfrfdz`;k (A) f O;fDr d`ks rS;kj d`jus D;k gksxh = (B) 2f (D) jkÆV_ ds` vPNs ekuo ds` fod`kl (A) vki bls Lohd`kj d`j iz'kalk (C) vuUrrk (Infinity) 79. Nk(kÍ ds` f¥, lgxkeh fdz`;k,∑ mi;ksxh d`jÍxs (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ gß] D;kÍfd` os% (B) vki nwljs Nk( }kjk bld`h 85. fHUu-fHUu nzo inkƒksÛ (Liquids) eÍ (A) v÷;srk ds` lokÛxh. fod`kl eÍ tk∑p d`jk,axs fd`lh oLrq ds` fuEuf¥f[r Hkj mi;ksxh gß (C) vki bld`h mis”k d`j nÍxs (Weights) gß% (B) mud`h 'kSf”d` d`fe;kÍ d`h iwfrZ (D) ;g tkurs gq, Hh fd` m®j lgh 6 N nzo (Liquid) X eÍ d`jus eÍ mi;ksxh gß gS] vki bld`h tk∑p 'kqÔ d`j nÍxs 7 N nzo (Liquid) Y eÍ (C) fo»kfƒZ;kÍ d`h Lo-vfHO;fDr eÍ 73. ;fn fd`lh fo»kƒhZ d`ks tks iÈ eÍ vk jgk gks] rks 9 N nzo (Liquid) Z eÍ (D) mud`h ”erk d`ks izLœq`fVr d`jus v÷;kid` d`ks% fd`l nzo eÍ lokZf|d` ?uRo (DeneÍ mi;ksxh gß (A) ikB d`ks nksckjk iÈ
72.

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1655

91.

92.

93.

94.

95.

96.

fct¥h ped`us ds` le; jks'kuh d`h ped` ig¥s fn[kbZ iÈMrh gS vkSj dq`N le; ckn ge fct¥h d`ÈMd`us d`h vkokt lqurs gß\ ,slk blf¥, gS D;kÍfd`% (A) ÷ofu d`h vis”k izd`k'k d`h xfr vf|d` rhoz gksrh gS (B) ÷ofu d`h vis”k izd`k'k d`h rjax nS¿;Z (Wavelength) vf|d` gksrh gS (C) ÷ofu d`h vis”k izd`k'k d`h vko~f® vf|d` gksrh gS (D) ÷ofu d`h vis”k ped` (Flash) d`k mnΩxe Lƒ¥ vf|d` fud`V gksrk gS tc d`ksbZ d`k∑p fizTe 'osr izd`k'k d`k o.Zdz`e (Spectrum) mRiUu d`jrk gS] rks fuEuf¥f[r izfdz`;k 'kkfe¥ gksrh gS% (A) ijkorZu (Reflection) rƒk izd`h.Zu (Dispersion) (B) viorZu (Refraction) rƒk folj. (Diffusion) (C) viorZu (Refraction) rƒk izd`h.Zu (Dispersion) (D) izd`h.Zu (Dispersion) rƒk folj. (Diffusion) fd`lh oLrq d`k izfrfcEc lkekU; euqÆ; ds` us( ds` fd`l Hkx ij curk gS = (A) vkbfjl (B) d`kWfuZ;k (C) I;wfi¥ (D) jsfVuk fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l oxZ ds` vUrxZr v-tSofuEud`j.h; (Nonbiodegradable) oLrq gS = (A) ?kl] iqÆi rƒk √¥ (B) ?kl] ¥d`ÈMh rƒk I¥kfLVd` (C) √¥] lCth rƒk ds`d` (D) ?kl] lCth rƒk ¥d`ÈMh gekjs okrkoj. eÍ vks t ks u ijr ds` ”j. (Depletion) d`k eq“; d`kj. gS% (A) ckn¥ (B) lw;Z (C) vks¥ko~fÆV (D) D¥ksjksŒ¥qvksjksd`kcZu vk;ks M hu;q D r ued` ls o u ls fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l jksx ds` gksus d`h lEHkouk,∑ d`e gksrh gß = (A) dß`lj (B) ?Í?k jksx (Goitre) (C) e|qesg (D) ruko (Hypertension)

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1656

106. ,d` led`ks. f(Hqt d`k d`.Z f(Hqt MΩ;wVsfj;e D;k gS = d`h lcls NksVh Hqtk ds` nksxqus ls 1 (A) gkbM_kstu ijek.q d`k vkblksVksi eh\ d`e gS\ ;fn rhljh Hqtk lcls (B) gkbM_kstu ijek.q d`k vkblksckj NksVh Hqtk ls 1 eh\ vf|d` gS] rks (C) ghf¥;e ijek.q d`k vkblksVksi f(Hqt d`h lcls NksVh Hqtk gS% (D) ghf¥;e ijek.q d`k vkblksckj (A) 3 eh\ (B) 4 eh\ 98. 'kfDr d`h bd`kbZ D;k gS = (C) 5 eh\ (D) 6 eh\ (A) okV (B) tw¥ (Joule) (C) U;wVu (D) okV/lsd`≥M 107. 116 d`ks pkj HkxkÍ eÍ bl izd`kj 99. og ;qfDr (Device) tks ikuh ds` foHDr d`hft, fd` ig¥s Hkx eÍ 5 vUnj d`h oLrqvkÍ d`h nwjh] fn'kk rƒk tksÈMus ij] nwljs Hkx ls 4 ?Vkus ij] xfr d`ks ekius ds` f¥, ijkcßxuh rjaxÍ rhljs Hkx d`ks 3 ls xq.k d`jus ij mi;ksx d`jrh gS] d`g¥krh gS% rƒk pkSƒs Hkx d`ks 2 ls Hkx d`jus (A) ¥slj (B) jsMkj ij leku la“;k izkIr gksrh gks\ pkSƒk Hkx gS% (C) lksukj (D) ,sEI¥h√k;j (A) 22 (B) 31 100. izkSÈ< euqÆ; ds` vUnj vkj\ ch\ lh\ mRiUu d`jus d`k Lƒku d`kSulk gS = (C) 54 (D) 9 (A) ftxj (Liver) 108. ,d` 'kgj d`h tula“;k 80000 gS\ (B) ≤n; ;fn bld`h okf"Zd` o~f* d`h nj 75 (C) jDr izfr 1000 gks] rks nks o"ksÛ ds` i'pkrΩ (D) vfLƒeTtk 'kgj d`h tula“;k gksxh% 97.

(ii) xf.r 101.

102.

103.

104.

105.

(A) 86000 (C) 92540

(B) 92450 (D) 92054

;fn x = 9 – 4 √ ⎯ 5 gks] rks x 2 + x12 109. 125 ?u lseh vk;ru ds` rhu leku d`k eku gS% ?ukÍ d`ks ijLij lkƒ j[d`j fd`ukjs ls bl izd`kj ls tksÈMk x;k fd` ,d` (A) 324 (B) 322 ?ukH cu x;k\ bl izd`kj cus ?ukH (C) 256 (D) 18 d`k i~ÆBh; ”s(√¥ gksxk% 1 ;fn A = xx +– 11 gks] rks A – A d`k (A) 175 oxZ lseh eku gS% (B) 200 oxZ lseh 2 1 2x (C) 300 oxZ lseh (A) 2 (B) 2 x –1 x –1 (D) 350 oxZ lseh 2 4x (C) 2 (D) 2 110. ,d` Bksl ¥Eco~®h; 'kadq` d`h ˜∑pkbZ x –1 x –1 8 lseh gS rƒk vk|kj d`h f(T;k 2 rhu ?≥Vs (Bells) 36 lsd`≥M] 40 lseh gS\ bl 'kadq` d`ks fi?¥kd`j ,d` lsd`≥M rƒk 48 lsd`≥M ds` vUrjk¥ xks¥k cuk;k x;k\ xks¥s d`k O;kl gS% ij dz`e'k# ctrs gß\ ,d` fo'ks" le; (A) 2 lseh (B) 3 lseh ij lHh bd`VΩBs cts\ crkb, nksckjk (C) 4 lseh (D) 6 lseh lHh bd`VΩBs fd`rus le; i'pkrΩ ctÍxs= 2 cos 67° tan 40° 111. – – sin 90° d`k sin 23° cot 50° (A) 6 feuV (B) 12 feuV eku gS% (C) 18 feuV (D) 24 feuV ;fn cgqinkÍ x3 – 3x2 + px + 24 rƒk (A) 2 (B) – 2 x2 – 7x + q d`k eg®e lekiorZd` (C) 1 (D) 0 (x – 2) gks] rks (p + q) d`k eku gS% 112. 60 eh\ ˜∑ph fc¯YMx ds` 'kh"Z ls ,d` (A) 0 (B) 20 ehukj ds` 'kh"Z rƒk ikn ds` voueu (C) – 20 (D) 40 d`ks. dz`e'k# 30° rƒk 60° gß\ ehukj nks la“;k,∑ 2 : 3 ds` vuqikr eÍ gß\ ;fn d`h ˜∑pkbZ gS% izR;sd` la“;k eÍ 5 tksÈMk tk,] rks (A) 20 eh\ vuqikr 5 : 7 gks tkrk gS\ bueÍ NksVh (B) 25 eh\ la“;k gS% (C) 30 eh\ (A) 10 (B) 15 (C) 20 (D) 25 (D) 40 eh\

113.

fcUnq (1, 2) d`h fcUnqvkÍ (6, 8) rƒk 129. leqnzh t¥ d`k œS`¥ko (Stretch) tks (iii) lkekftd` foKku (2, 4) d`ks tksÈMus ok¥s js[k[≥M ds` izeq[ leqnz ls l∑d`jh i±h (Narrow 121. lafo|ku ds` d`kSuls la'kks|u us uxje÷;-fcUnq ls nwjh gS% strip) }kjk iw.Zr;k ;k vkaf'kd` Ôi ikf¥d`kvkÍ d`ks lkafo|kfud` fLƒfr ls v¥x gks tkrk gS] d`g¥krk gS% (A) 4 (B) 5 iznku d`h gS = (A) [kÈMh (Bay) (C) 6 (D) 8 (A) 52oÍ la'kks|u (B) bLƒel (Isthmus) 114. ,d` ƒS¥s eÍ 5 ¥k¥ xÍnÍ rƒk dq`N (B) 44oÍ la'kks|u (C) ¥Sxwu (Lagoon) uh¥h xÍnÍ gß\ ;fn ,d` uh¥h xÍn d`ks (C) 74oÍ la'kks|u (D) t¥la;ksxh (Strait) fud`k¥us d`h izkf;d`rk ¥k¥ xÍn d`ks (D) 76oÍ la'kks|u fud`k¥us d`h izkf;d`rk ls nksxquh gks] 130. Hwe÷;js[k (Equator) d`h ¥EckbZ gS% rks ƒS¥s eÍ xÍnkÍ d`h la“;k gS% 122. jkÆV_ifr ,oa mi-jkÆV_ifr nksukÍ d`h (A) 6378 fd`eh xSj-ekStwnxh eÍ d`kSu Hkjr ds` jkÆV_ifr (A) 20 (B) 15 (B) 6478 fd`eh d`k d`k;ZHkj l∑Hk¥Íxs = (C) 10 (D) 8 (C) 7378 fd`eh (A) iz|kuea(h 115. ,d` d`”k eÍ ck¥d`kÍ d`h vk;q d`k (D) 8378 fd`eh (B) ¥ksd` lHk v÷;” ek÷; 13 o"Z gS rƒk ml d`”k eÍ 131. d`fuÆd` ds` led`k¥hu gß% (C) Hkjr ds` eq“; U;k;k|hæ ckf¥d`kvkÍ d`h vk;q d`k ek÷; 12·5 (A) d`Ecu] ck.H±] v'o?ks" o"Z gS\ iwjh d`”k d`h vk;q d`k ek÷; (D) jkT; lHk ds` mik÷;” (B) ukxktqZu] v'o?ks"] olqfe( 12·8 o"Z gks] rks ml d`”k eÍ ck¥d`kÍ 123. d`kSuls o"Z eÍ vkS»ksfxd` uhfr us Hkjr (C) v'o?ks"] d`kf¥nkl] ukxktqZu rƒk ckf¥d`kvkÍ d`k vuqikr gS% ds` f¥, fefJr vƒZO;oLƒk d`h (D) v'o?ks"] d`Ecu (A) 1 : 2 (B) 2 : 3 lad`Yiuk d`ks vfHO;Dr fd`;k = (C) 2 : 1 (D) 3 : 2 132. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh jktLo enkÍ (A) 1948 (B) 1951 d`ks ekS;Zd`k¥ ds` nkSjku flœZ` ud`nh 116. ,d` leprqHqZt d`h izR;sd` Hqtk 13 (C) 1954 (D) 1956 ds` Ôi eÍ ,d`( fd`;k tkrk ƒk = lseh gS\ ;fn bl leprqHqZt d`k ,d` 124. oYMZ buos L VeÍ V fjiks V Z ] fd`ld`k okf"Z d ` (A) d`j (B) Hkx fod`.Z 24 lseh gks] rks nwljs fod`.Z iz d `k'ku gS = (C) fgj≥; (D) iz.; d`h ¥EckbZ gS% (A) ;w\ ,u\ lh\ Vh\ ,\ Mh\ (A) 10 lseh (B) 12 lseh 133. Lons'kh (Indigenous) cßd` fd`lds` (B) oYMZ cßd` (C) 15 lseh (D) 20 lseh izR;” fu;a(. eÍ gS = (C) MCY;w\ Vh\ vks\ (A) Hkjrh; LVsV cßd` 2 117. f}?kr lehd`j. 2x – (3k + 1) x = (D) vkbZ \ ,e\ ,√\ (B) Hkjrh; fjtoZ cßd` k – 7 ds` ew¥kÍ d`k ;ksx√¥ ew¥kÍ ds` (C) izknsf'kd` xzkeh. cßd` xq.u√¥ ds` leku gS\ k d`k eku gS% 125. ikf.fu ,oa iratf¥ izkphu Hkjr ds` (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ Hh ugÓ 2 2 lkfgfR;d` bfrgkl ds` lqizfl* uke (A) (B) – 3 3 gß tks fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lds` 134. mRiknu d`kjd` ds` f¥, vkfƒZd` ¥xku 'kklud`k¥ eÍ d`k√h vkxs cÈ<s = 3 3 (Economic rent) vftZr d`juk (C) – (D) 2 2 (A) iqÆ;kHqfDr (B) 'kqax vlEHo gS ;fn% (A) ;g iw.Zr;k ¥ksp ek∑x gS (C) dq`"k. (D) xqIr 118. pkj vad`kÍ d`h NksVh-ls-NksVh la“;k (B) ;g iw.Zr;k cs¥ksp ek∑x gS tks fd` iw.Z oxZ gS] gS% 126. egkRek xka|h d`ks jkÆV_firk d`k ntkZ (C) ;g fLƒj vkiwfrZ ugÓ gS (A) 1004 lcls ig¥s fd`lus fn;k = (D) blds` ,d` ls vf|d` iz;ksx gß (B) 1016 (A) oY¥H HkbZ iVs¥ (C) 1036 135. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk izkÎ`frd` (B) lh\ jktxksik¥kpkjh (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ izns'k fo'o ds` ‘czsM ckLds`V’ ds` Ôi (C) tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ eÍ tkuk tkrk gS = 119. fd`lh d`k;Z d`ks iwjk d`jus eÍ A d`ks B (D) lqHk" pUnz cksl (A) LVsih (Steppe) ”s( ls 10 fnu d`e ¥xrs gß\ ;fn nksukÍ (B) Hwe÷;lkxjh; ”s( A rƒk B fe¥d`j bl d`k;Z d`ks 12 127. f'kokf¥d` ioZrkÍ d`h lqnwj if'peorhZ fnu eÍ iwjk d`j ld`rs gß] rks B d`ks (C) ekulwu ”s( lhek d`kSulh gS = vds`¥s bl d`k;Z d`ks d`jus eÍ le; (D) fo"qorh; ”s( (A) ihj iatk¥ (Pir Panjal) ¥xsxk% (B) iksrokj csflu (Potwar Basin) 136. tokfcr (Jawabits) fd`lls lEc* (A) 30 fnu (B) 25 fnu ƒs = (C) d`kslh unh (River Kosi) (C) 20 fnu (D) 15 fnu (A) eulc O;oLƒk d`ks fu;af(r (D) eksjuh ioZr (Morni Hills) 120. ,d` lekUrj Js.h ds` n inkÍ d`k d`jus ds` fu;e ls ;ksx√¥ 3n2 + 3n gS\ bl lekUrj 128. i~Foh d`k nzO;eku (Mass) panzek d`h (B) jkT; fu;e ls rq¥uk eÍ ¥xHx ………… xq.k gS\ Js.h d`k ik∑pok∑ in gS% (C) Vd`lk¥ x~gkÍ d`ks fu;af(r d`jus (A) 36 (B) 30 (A) 85 (B) 81 ds` fu;e ls (D) Î`f" lEcU|h d`j ls (C) 24 (D) 18 (C) 83 (D) 91 izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1657

137.

lj VkWel jks d`ks bax¥S≥M ds` jktk us eqx¥ njckj eÍ viuk nwr cukd`j Hstk ƒk\ bax¥S≥M ds` ftl jktk us mUgÍ Hstk ƒk] mud`k uke ƒk% (A) pkYlZ I (B) pkYlZ II (C) tsEl I (D) gsujh VIII 138. Hkjrh; lafo|ku ds` fd`l vuqPNsn ds` varxZr Hkjr ds` jkÆV_ifr ij egkfH;ksx ¥xk;k tk ld`rk gS = (A) vuqPNsn 356 (B) vuqPNsn 75 (C) vuqPNsn 76 (D) vuqPNsn 61 139. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lus lkeqnkf;d` fod`kl d`k;Zdz`e d`h 'kqÔvkr d`h = (A) c¥oar jk; esgrk (B) ds`\ ,e\ eqa'kh (C) v'kksd` esgrk (D) ,l\ ds`\ Ms 140. csflu (Bassein) d`h laf| ij vaxzstkÍ ds` lkƒ fd`lus gLrk”j fd`, ƒs = (A) gksYd`j (B) is'kok (C) ¯lf|;k (D) HkÍl¥s (iv) English 141. Choose the word opposite in meaning to ‘Abundant’. (A) Ample (B) Enough (C) Great (D) Scant 142. Choose the word opposite in meaning to ‘Cognizant’. (A) Ruminate (B) Unaware (C) Abridge (D) Cautious 143. The word ‘adulation’ means— (A) Praise (B) Sarcasm (C) Rebuke (D) Purity 144. The word ‘transient’ means— (A) Lasting (B) Momentary (C) Animated (D) Evidence 145. One who comes to settle down in a country from another country is called— (A) Visitor (B) Immigrant (C) Emigrant (D) Tourist

148. Choose the misspelt word— (A) Dialoge (B) Repertoire (C) Perceive (D) Accelerate

149. Choose what expresses the meaning of the phrase ‘A white 156. Who wrote the novel ‘David Copperfield’ ? elephant’— (A) Austen (B) Dickens (A) Elephant of Kerala (C) Bronte (D) Hardy (B) In disguise (C) A snobbish person 157. Who wrote the play Candida ? (D) A useless or unwanted (A) George Eliot possession (B) Shakespeare 150. Choose what expresses the (C) Eugene O’Neill meaning of the idom ‘Bury the (D) Bernard Shaw hatchet’— 158. Which of the following is not a (A) Hunt for treasure romantic age poet ? (B) Dig in the field (A) Wordsworth (C) Make peace (B) Keats (D) Make war (C) Browning 151. Choose the passive voice of (D) Shelley “Who takes care of your infant 159. Gabriel Oak was the hero of the sister ?” novel— (A) Your infant sister is taken (A) Return of the Native care of by whose ? (B) Tess of d’Urbervilles (B) By whom will your infant (C) Far from the Madding sister be taken care of ? Crowd (C) By whom was your infant (D) Mayor of Casterbridge sister taken care of ? (D) By whom is your infant 160. According to the communicative sister taken care of ? approach, language is learnt best by— 152. Choose the correct indirect speech of the teacher said to me, (A) Learning how to translate ‘Pay attention’— (B) Practising the usage of (A) The teacher asked me to pay language structure attention (C) Learning grammar and its (B) The teacher requested me to usage pay attention (D) Using the four laguage skills (C) The teacher paid attention to in real life situations me (D) The teacher said to me to (v) fgUnh pay attention funsZ'k%·iz'u 161 ls 165 rd`‚ fn, 153. Choose the most appropriate x, x»ka 'k d`ks ÷;ku ls ifÈ<, vkSj ckn eÍ word to fill in the blank in the iw N s x, iz'ukÍ ds` m®j nhft,\ sentence. We are confident euqÆ; d`k lq[h thou larqf¥r ˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ our victory. iz k Î`frd` i;kZoj. ij fuHZj d`jrk gS\ (A) About (B) In ekuo d`h cÈ
146. One who looks at the dark side of things more often is called— (A) Optimist (B) Pessimist 154. Choose the most appropriate (C) Wanderer (D) Monarch word to fill in the blank in the sentence. Distribute the money 147. Choose the correctly spelt ˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ yourselves equally. word— (A) Around (B) Within (A) Retrieve (B) Retreive (C) After (D) Among (C) Ritrieve (D) Ritreive

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1658

155. Who wrote the poem Tintern Abbey ? (A) Yeats (B) Browning (C) Wordsworth (D) Byron

vko';d`rk,∑ izÎ`fr ds` larq¥u d`ks fcxkÈM jgh gß\ i;kZoj. eÍ nwf"r rRokÍ d`h ek(k vko';d`rk ls vf|d` cÈ< tkrh gS rks i;kZoj. d`k ;g vlUrq¥u iznw". d`k Ôi ¥s ¥srk gS\ ekuo d`h vkoklh;] vkS»ksfxd` uxjhd`j.] Î`f" mRiknu eÍ o~f* d`jus d`h leL;kvkÍ us iz Î `fr ds ` la r q ¥ u d`ks

fcxkÈMd`j iznw". d`ks cÈ
funsZ'k%·iz' u 166 ls 1 8 0 rd`‚ fuEuf¥f[r izR;sd` iz'u ds` m®jkÍ ds` pkjpkj fod`Yi fn, x, gß\ bueÍ ls lgh fod`Yi d`ks pqfu,\ 166. fo»kifr d`h jpuk fd`l Hk"k eÍ gS = (A) cztHk"k (B) vo|h (C) [ÈMh cks¥h (D) eSfƒ¥h 167. bueÍ ls fd`l Hk"k d`h f¥fi nsoukxjh ugÓ gS = (A) usik¥h (B) ejkBh (C) laLÎ`r (D) iatkch 168. ‘e~xu;uh’ miU;kl fd`ld`h Î`fr gS = (A) eqa'kh izsepUn (B) o~Unkou¥k¥ oekZ (C) d`e¥s'oj (D) √.hUnzukƒ js.q 169. vÆVNki ds` d`fo;kÍ d`k izfrik» fo"; D;k gS = (A) NUn'kkL( (B) v¥ad`kj'kkL( (C) ukf;d`kHsn-o.Zu (D) JhÎ`Æ.¥h¥k 170. d`kSulh orZuh 'kq* ugÓ gS = (A) J~axkj (B) vk'khokZn (C) vkuUn (D) iwtuh; 171. vfH¥s[kxkj fd`ls d`grs gß = (A) fpfÈM;k?j (B) d`kjkxkj (C) ljd`kjh nLrkost laj”. Lƒku (D) f√Ye fuekZ. d`jus d`k Lƒ¥ 172. ;fn ,d` Nk( ,d` fo»k¥; ls tkd`j nwljs fo»k¥; eÍ izos'k ¥s rks mls fd`l izek.-i( d`h vko';d`rk gksrh gS = (A) iztuu izek.-i( (B) fuÆdz`e. izek.-i( (C) iznw". izek.-i( (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 173. ‘riks|u’ 'kCn ftl lfU| fu;e ls cuk gS mlh fu;e ls cuk bu 'kCnkÍ eÍ ls d`kSulk 'kCn ugÓ gS = (A) ;'kks|u (B) euks;ksx (C) xks|u (D) riksou 174. bueÍ ls d`kSulk okD; 'kq* gS = (A) ed`ku fxj tkus d`k lansg gS (B) os cÈMs vPNs v÷;kid` gS (C) rqe us vc rd` dq`N ugÓ d`jk gS (D) ml ij ?ÈMkÍ ikuh iÈM x;k

175.

176.

177.

178.

179.

180.

‘cqjh rjg gjkus’ ds` vƒZ eÍ d`kSulk eqgkojk iz;qDr gksrk gS = (A) ¥ksgs ds` pus pckuk (B) nk∑r [±s d`juk (C) ik∑o m[ÈM tkuk (D) eq∑g d`h [kuk bueÍ ls rRiq:" lekl fd`l 'kCn eÍ gS = (A) H;Hhr (B) HjisV (C) fo»k|u (D) iapoVh ‘vkjk|uk’ d`k fo'ks". gksxk% (A) vkjkf|d`k (B) vkjkf|r (C) vkjk÷; (D) vkjk|fud` mfnr ________ mn; fxfj eap ij] j?qoj _______ ck¥ irax ‰ fod`ls lUr ljkst lc] ________ gj"s ¥ks pu H~ax ‰‰ ____ bl nksgs eÍ js[kafd`r inkÍ eÍ d`kSulk v¥ad`kj gS = (A) miek (B) mRisz”k (C) Ôid` (D) '¥s" iz'u 178 ds` nksgs eÍ ‘lw;Z’ fd`l 'kCn d`k vƒZ gS = (A) mn; fxfj (B) irax (C) fod`ls (D) ¥kspu ‘tks ur gqvk og e~r gqvk T;kÍ o~ar ls >jd`j dq`lqe’ bl d`kO;-iafDr d`k HkokƒZ D;k gS = (A) fou;'kh¥ O;fDr e~R;q d`ks izkIr gksrk gS (B) ck|kvkÍ ls >qd`us ij l√¥rk fe¥rh gS (C) la?"ksÛ eÍ MVus ok¥k gh l√¥ gksrk gS (D) o~” d`h Mk¥h ij ¥xk gqvk iqÆi lqUnj ¥xrk gS

m®j O;k“;k lfgr 01. (B) 2. (C) 3. (A) 4. (D) 5. (B) 06. (D) 7. (D) 8. (D) 9. (A) 10. (D) 11. (D) 0,

3,

8,

15,

24

14. (A)

2 × 3 + 3 = 9, 9 × 3 + 3 = 30, 30 × 3 + 3 = 93, 93 × 3 + 3 = 282, 282 × 3 + 3 =

849

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1660

56. (A)

57.

58.

59.

60.

61.

62.

63.

64.

65.

66.

d`”k v÷;kiu ·Nk(-f'k”d` ijLij lEeq[‚ ds` f¥, lokZf|d` Lohd`k;Z in Δka~[¥k gS% (i) fo";oLrq d`k izLrqrhd`j. d`juk (ii) Nk(kÍ d`ks vfHizsfjr d`juk (iii) Nk(kÍ ls v˙;kl d`k;Z d`jkuk (iv) Nk(kÍ d`k ewY;kad`u d`juk (D) d`”k eÍ Nk(kÍ d`k ÷;ku ds`fUnzr d`jus ds` f¥, loksZ®e rjhd`k gS%Nk(kÍ d`ks fdz`;kd`¥kikÍ eÍ O;Lr j[uk\ blds` vfrfjDr vU; lHh fod`Yi (qfViw.Z gß\ (B) fo»k¥; ,oa leqnk; ijLij ,d`nwljs ds` iwjd` ekus tkrs gß\ ,d` leqnk; fo»k¥; eÍ vius ck¥d`kÍ d`ks Hstd`j mlds` fod`kl eÍ viuk ;ksxnku ns ld`rk gS\ (A) d`”k eÍ f'k”d` d`h izeq[ ftEesnkjh gS ck¥d`kÍ ds` f¥, m®e vf|xe vuqHokÍ d`k vk;kstu d`juk\ ,slk d`jus ls okLrfod` f'k”. ifjfLƒfr;kÍ eÍ ck¥d`kÍ d`k Lor# gh m®e vf|xe gks tk,xk\ (D) f'k”d` d`h vkokt (Voice) d`h rhozrk d`k lkisf”d` lEcU| mld`h d`”k ls gksrk gS\ vƒkZrΩ ,d` f'k”d` d`ks viuh vkokt d`”k ds` vkd`kj-izd`kj] Nk(kÍ d`h la“;k rƒk f'k”. d`h vko';d`rk ds` vuqÔi ifjofrZr d`juh pkfg,\ (C) ,d` d`”k÷;kid` d`ks izkÔfid` rkSj ij iztkrkaf(d` ewY;kÍ d`k ik¥u d`juk pkfg,\ ;»fi d`Bksjrk ds` lkƒ bl vuq'kklu d`ks viukuk lEHo ugÓ gS] fd`Urq tgk∑ rd` lEHo gks Nk(kÍ d`ks iztkrkaf(d` i*fr d`k izf'k”. fn;k tkuk pkfg,\ (A) fd`lh Nk( ds` (qfViw.Z m®j d`ks lq|kjus d`k mfpr rjhd`k gS fd` f'k”d` lEcfU|r fo";oLrq d`h vkSj foLr~r O;k“;k d`jÍ ftlls fd` Nk( d`ks Lo;a d`h (qfV d`k vglkl gks lds`\ izk;# Nk( d`ks Mk∑Vuk vƒok n≥M nsuk bld`k funku ugÓ gS\ (D) vkI¥o laKku (Metacognition) d`k lEcU| izLrqr fd`, x, fod`YikÍ eÍ ls fd`lh ls Hh lEcfU|r ugÓ gS\ (D) ;fn ,d` Nk( vHnz O;ogkj d`k izn'kZu d`jrk gS rks vkid`ks ,slh ;qfDr viukuh pkfg, rkfd` og vokaNuh; O;ogkj d`ks eglwl d`js rƒk vki mleÍ ;ƒsÆV vuq'kklukRed` lq|kj d`j ldÍ`\ (B) ‘¯d`MjxkVZu’ ,d` teZu 'kCn gS ftld`k vƒZ gS ‘œw`¥kÍ d`k cxhpk’\ ;g uke ≠`kWcs¥ egksn; us vius fo»k¥; d`ks fn;k ƒk\ (C) ck¥ds`fUnzr f'k”k f'k”d` ds` vkf|iR; d`ks izR;” Ôi ls Lohd`kj ugÓ d`jrh gS\ mld`h Hwfed`k ,d` LVst fuekZrk ds` Ôi eÍ lhfer d`j nh xbZ gS\

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1661

67. (A) ,d`

68.

69.

70.

71.

72.

73.

74.

75.

f'k”d` ds` f¥, Kku d`k loksZRÎ`ÆV la;kstu gS% (i) lkekU; cks| (ii) vo¥ksd`u (iii) ;kSfDrd`rk (Rationality) (D) d`kS'k¥ ,d` ekalis'kh; izfdz`;k gS ftlds` lh[us eÍ v˙;kl ds` izHko d`k mnΩxe fuÆif® ds` ifj.ke d`k Kku iznku d`juk gksrk gS\ (D) ;fn d`”k eÍ fiN¥h iafDr eÍ cSBk Nk( cSpsu gks jgk gS rƒk vfxze iafDr;kÍ ds` Nk(kÍ ds` uksVΩl d`h rkd`->kad` d`j jgk gS] rks LokHkfod` gS fd` og ';keiV ij f¥f[r lkexzh d`ks ns[ ikus eÍ vl”e gS vkSj ;g ,d` izkekf.d` lk{; gS fd` ck¥d` ›fÆV nks" ls ;qDr gS vr# rRd`k¥ mls us( fo'ks"K ds` ikl Hstk tkuk pkfg,\ (B) ;fn ,d` v÷;kid` vius iÈ eÍ ugÓ vk jgk gS] rks vkid`ks og ikB iqu# iÈ
76. (C) mnkgj.

77.

78.

79.

80.

81. 86. 91. 96. 100.

ls fu;e d`h vksj ,d` f'k”. lwDr (Teaching Maxim) gS] tcfd` vU; lHh fod`Yi fofHUu izd`kj d`h vf|xe fLƒfr;kÍ d`ks oxhZÎ`r d`jrs gß\ (B) orZeku ulZjh fo»k¥;kÍ eÍ ^os'k fookn ds` ew¥ eÍ gS%xkaxq¥h d`esVh fjiksVZ ftlds` vuqlkj 4-5 o"Z ls iwoZ ck¥d`ckf¥d`kvkÍ d`ks fo»k¥;kÍ eÍ ulZjh d`”k eÍ ^os'k vuqeU; ugÓ gS\ fnY¥h eÍ gkbZd`ksVZ us Hh bl ij eqgj ¥xk nh gS\ (D) vktd`¥ f'k”k d`k nkf;Ro gS jkÆV_ ds` vPNs ekuo d`k fod`kl d`juk vkSj f'k”k buds` fuekZ. d`k;Z d`ks fo»k¥;kÍ ds` ek÷;e ls lEiUu d`jrh gS\ oSls Hh fo»k¥; d`k okrkoj. lekt d`k izfrfcEc ekuk tkrk gS tgk∑ lekt ds` mˆs';kÍ ds` vuqdw`¥ vfxze ihfÈ<;kÍ d`k fuekZ. gksrk gS\ (A) lgxkeh fdz`;k,∑ vk|qfud` ikBΩ;dz`e d`k vfHUu vax ekuh tkrh gß] tks ck¥d`kÍ ds` lkekftd` xq.kÍ ds` fod`kl ,oa fuekZ. eÍ lgk;d` fl* gksrh gß\ (C) fo»k¥; eÍ ck¥d`kÍ d`ks ljkgus d`k loksZ®e
(C) 82. (D) 83. (A) 84. (B) 85. (A) (A) 87. (A) 88. (C) 89. (B) 90. (D) (A) 92. (C) 93. (D) 94. (B) 95. (D) (B) 97. (A) 98. (A) 99. (C) (D) ‘RBC’ d`k fuekZ. izkSÈ< euqÆ; eÍ cksueSjks (Bone Marrow) eÍ gksrk gS] ftleÍ 1 cubm. jDr eÍ ¥xHx 50 ¥k[ RBC ik, tkrs gß\

101. (B) Q

x = 9–4

103. (B) Q 36, 40 rƒk 48 d`k

¥\ l\ = 720

∴ nksckjk

rhukÍ ?≥Vs bd`VΩBs ctÍxs = 720 lsd`≥M = 12 feuV i'pkrΩ 104. (A) Q nksukÍ cgqinkÍ x3 – 3x2 + px + 24 rƒk x2 – 7x + q d`k e\ l\ = (x – 2) ∴ x = 2 eku j[us ij nksukÍ cgqinkÍ d`k eku 'kwU; gksxk] vƒkZrΩ (2)3 – 3 (2)2 + p (2) + 24 = 0 ⇒ 2p + 20 = 0 ⇒

rƒk

p = – 10 (2)2 – 7 (2) + q = 0

⇒

q – 10 = 0

⇒

q = 10

vr# (p + q) d`k eku = – 10 + 10 = 0 ·'kwU;‚\ 105. (C) ekuk nks la“;k,a dz`e'k# 2x rƒk 3x gß\ rc] iz'ukuqlkj% (2x + 5) (3x + 5)

= (4, 6)

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1662

146. (B) 147. (A) 148. (A)149. (D)150. (C)

∴

vHhÆV nwjh = fcUnq (1, 2) rƒk e÷; fcUnq (4, 6) ds` chp d`h nwjh

151. (D)152. (A) 153. (D)154. (D)155. (C) 156. (B) 157. (D) 158. (C) 159. (C) 160. (D) 161. (C) 162. (D) 163. (A)164. (B) 165. (C)

=

166. (D)167. (A) 168. (B) 169. (D)170. (A) 171. (C) 172. (D) 173. (C) 174. (D)175. (B) 176. (C) 177. (C) 178. (C) 179. (B) 180. (C)

●●●

æs" i~ÆB 1645 d`k 61. (C) (A)

baMksusfæ;k ek¥nho (C) m®j d`ksfj;k (D) ¯tckCos (B)

% % % %

td`krkZ ek¥s I;kÍx;kax gjkjs

62. (A) 63. (D) 64. (D) 65. (C) jkcVZ ch\ tks,f¥d` fo'o 11oÍ v÷;” pqus x, gß\ bud`k

cßd` ds` pquko 5 lk¥ ds` f¥, fo'o cßd` ds` d`k;Zd`kjh v÷;” ds` Ôi eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ 66. (D) fgUnh fœ`YekÍ eÍ lekukarj flusek ds` ^.srk ';ke csusx¥ d`ks Hkjrh; flusek eÍ fofæÆV ;ksxnku ds` f¥, o"Z 2005 ds` nknk lkgc œ`kYds` iqjLd`kj ds` f¥, pquk x;k\ Hkjrh; fœ`YekÍ ds` firkeg
⇒ ⇒

x2 – 34x + 120 = 0

⇒

(x – 30) (x – 4) = 0

∴

x = 30 fnu

·Q x = 4 vekU;‚ 120. (B) iz'ukuqlkj] Q n inkÍ d`k ;ksx√¥ = Sn = 3n 2 + 3n = 3n (n + 1) ⇒ (n – 1) inkÍ d`k ;ksx√¥ = Sn – 1 = 3 (n – 1) (n) ⇒ nok∑

in = Tn = S n – Sn – 1 = 3n (n + 1) – 3n (n – 1) = 3n [n + 1 – n + 1] = 6n

∴ vHhÆV

ik∑pok∑ in

= T5 = 6 × 5 = 30 121. (C) 122. (C) 123. (A)124. (A)125. (B) 126. (D)127. (B) 128. (B) 129. (C) 130. (A) 131. (B) 132. (C) 133. (B) 134. (A)135. (C) 136. (B) 137. (C) 138. (D)139. (B) 140. (B) 141. (D)142. (B) 143. (A)144. (B) 145. (B)

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1663

67. (B) 68. (A) 69. (C) 70. (C)

jkÆV_e≥M¥h; [s¥ksRlo fo'o d`k nwljk cÈMk [s¥ksRlo gS\ o"Z 1930 ls 1950 rd bu [s¥kÍ d`ks ‘fczfVæ lkezkT; [s¥’ ds` uke ls tkuk tkrk ƒk\ luΩ 1962 eÍ bls ‘,Eik;j ,≥M d`kWeuosYƒ xsEl’ ds` uke ls vfHfgr fd`;k x;k 1978 ls bls laf”Ir d`jds` ‘jkÆV_e≥M¥ [s¥’ uke fn;k x;k\ luΩ 1930 bZ\ eÍ d`ukMk ds` gsfeYVu uked` uxj eÍ ^ƒe [s¥ksRlo gqvk\

71. (A) 72. (C) 73. (A) isV_ksf¥;e fu;kZrd` nsækÍ 1960 eÍ cxnkn eÍ laLƒkfir

d`k laxBu fd`;k x;k\ blds` laLƒkid` lnL; jkÆV_ bZjku] bjkd`] dq`oSr] l˜nh vjc rƒk osustq,¥k ƒs\ blds` lnL; nsæ gß%vYthfj;k] b≥Mksusfæ;k] bZjku] bjkd`] dq`oSr] ¥hfc;k] ukbthfj;k] d`Vj] l˜nh vjc] la;qDr vjc vehjkr] osustq,¥k] vaxks¥k] bDosMksj\ bld`k eq“;k¥; fo;uk ·vkfLV_;k‚ eÍ gS\

74. (C) XIX oÍ jkÆV_ e ≥M¥ [s ¥ fnY¥h ·Hkjr‚ eÍ 2010 eÍ vk;ksftr gkÍxs\ 75. (B)

●●●

(B) (C) (D)

vkxkeh cßd` ih\ vks\] ,e\ ch\ ,\ vkfn ijh”kvkÍ ds` f¥, fo'ks" g¥ iz'u

m»ksx O;kikj txrΩ 01.

02.

03.

04.

05.

06.

07.

08.

æs;j|kjd`kÍ d`h la“;k d`h n~fÆV ls Hkjr d`h lcls cÈMh d`Eiuh gS% (A) fj¥k;al baMLV_ht (B) fj¥k;al ,uthZ (C) fj¥k;al ikWoj (D) fj¥k;al dS`fiV¥ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l d`Eiuh d`k cktkj-iw∑thd`j. (M-Cap) lcls vf|d` gS= (A) fj¥k;al baMLV_ht (B) fj¥k;al ikWoj (C) vks ,u th lh (D) bafM;u vkW;¥ lnL; la“;k d`h n~fÆV ls Hkjr eÍ lcls cÈMk Je laxBu gS% (A) ,p ,e ,l (B) ch ,e ,l (C) lhVw (D) ,Vd` Hkjrh; ok;qlsuk ds` f¥, ,tsVh gkWd` foeku fd`l nsæ ls izkIr fd`, x, gß= (A) vejhd`k (B) Ôl (C) ≠`kal (D) fczVsu Mksfeuh LV_kWl d`kgΩu] tks œ`jojh 2008 eÍ Hkjr ;k(k ij Fks] fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l vUrjkZÆV_h; foÂkh; laLFkk ls lEc* gS= (A) vUrjkZÆV_h; eqnzk d`ks" (B) fo'o cßd` (C) fo'o O;kikj laxBu (D) vad`VkM ‘Lof.Ze jFk’ (Golden Chariot) uke ls ¥Dtjh js¥xkÈMh fd`l jkT; eÍ p¥kbZ xbZ gS= (A) jktLFkku (B) d`ukZVd` (C) rfe¥ukMq (D) ds`j¥ gk¥ gh eÍ izd`kfær iqLrd` ‘fjda`lhf¥,æu’ fd`lds` }kjk jfpr gS= (A) ijost eqæjZœ` (B) uokt æjhœ` (C) csuthj HqVΩVks (D) æfæ FkkÔj Hkjr ds` u, d`EiV_ks¥j ,≥M vkWfMVj tuj¥ (CAG) gß% (A) v:. jkeukFku

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1664

16.

(B) (C) (D)

09.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

jktho pUnzæs[j ikFkZlkjFkh ækse fouksn jk; lqj{kk lEcU|h izkS»ksfxd`h d`h iznæZuh fMœs`Dliks–2008 d`k vk;kstu œ`jojh 2008 eÍ d`gk∑ gqvk= (A) ubZ fnY¥h (B) cax¥qÔ (C) eqEcbZ (D) gSnjkckn Î`f" ea(k¥; ds` nwljs vfxze vuqekukÍ ds` vuqlkj 2007-08 eÍ nsæ eÍ dq`¥ [k»kUu mRiknu fd`ruk jgus d`h lEHkouk gS= (A) 203·6 fef¥;u Vu (B) 210·3 fef¥;u Vu (C) 219·3 fef¥;u Vu (D) 228·4 fef¥;u Vu nknk lkgsc œ`kYds` iqjLd`kj ds` rgrΩ iqjLd`kj jkfæ d`ks cÈ
17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

ih\ jkekjko jkds`æ eksgu okbZ ,l ih FkksjkV foÂkh; {ks( d`h leh{kk ds` f¥, ds`Unz ljd`kj }kjk xfBr mPpLrjh; lfefr ds` v÷;{k d`kSu gß= (A) fæoæad`j eq[thZ (B) txnhæ Hxorh (C) jkds`æ eksgu (D) okbZ ,l ih FkksjkV ds`\ds`\ fcÈM¥k œ`kmaMsæu ds` fuEuf¥f[r iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ loksZPp jkfæ fd`lds` rgrΩ iznku d`h tkrh gS= (A) æad`j iqjLd`kj (B) fcgkjh iqjLd`kj (C) okpLifr lEeku (D) ljLorh lEeku ‘n{ksl’ d`k vkxkeh ·15 ok∑‚ fæ[j lEes¥u fd`l nsæ eÍ vk;ksftr fd`;k tk,xk = (A) ikfd`Lrku (B) ckaX¥knsæ (C) ek¥nho (D) Jh¥ad`k 2007-08 eÍ Hkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk ds` fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l {ks( eÍ o~f* d`h nj loksZPp jgus d`k vuqeku lh,lvks us ¥xk;k gS= (A) izkFkfed` (B) f}rh;d` (C) r~rh;d` (D) rhukÍ eÍ leku o~f* vuqekfur gS VkVk lewg us jlk;u {ks( d`h ,d` d`Eiuh tuj¥ dS`fed`Yl ds` vf|xzg. gsrq lgefr i( ij gLrk{kj xr tuojh ekg eÍ fd`, gß\ vf|xzg.k|hu d`Eiuh tuj¥ dS`fed`Yl fd`l nsæ d`h gS = (A) vejhd`k (B) fczVsu (C) MsuekdZ` (D) uhnj¥S≥MΩl fœ`Ye txrΩ ds` ckŒVk iqjLd`kj fd`l nsæ eÍ fn, tkrs gß= (A) vejhd`k (B) fczVsu (C) ≠`kal (D) bV¥h œ`kWjoMZ ekdsZ`V d`ehæu] ftls oS|kfud` æfDr;k∑ ,d` v÷;knsæ ds` tfj, tuojh 2008 eÍ iznku d`h xbZ gß] ds` v÷;{k d`kSu gß= (A) izR;w" flUgk (B) chlh [kVqvk (C) ,e ch d`ker (D) u~isUnz feJ

23.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu orZeku eÍ ‘lsch’ (SEBI) ds` v÷;{k gß= (A) ,e\ nkeksnju (B) lh\ ch\ Hkos (C) fæoæad`j esuu (D) lR;ozr ik¥ 24. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l E;wftd`¥ ,¥ce ds` f¥, ‘,¥ce vkWœ` n bZ;j’ d`k xzseh iqjLd`kj bl o"Z (2008) iznku fd`;k x;k gS= (A) fjoj (B) fjgkc (C) bZd`ksl (D) nhÈt MsÈt 25. lkoZtfud` {ks( d`h fd`l d`Eiuh d`ks uojRu d`k ntkZ xr tuojh ekg eÍ iznku fd`;k x;k = (A) vks,uthlh (B) ,u,eMhlh (C) ,uVhihlh (D) ih,œ`lh 26. okf.T; ea(k¥; ds` vuafre vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` vuqlkj vizS¥-fnlEcj 2008 ds` nkSjku Hkjr ds` oLrqxr fu;kZrkÍ eÍ MkW¥j ewY; eÍ fd`rus izfrær d`h o~f* ntZ d`h xbZ gS= (A) 18 (C) 22

(B) 20 (D) 24

27.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk cßd` bl o"Z viuh LFkkiuk d`k lkSok∑ o"Z euk jgk gS= (A) d`kWiksZjsæu cßd` (B) iatkc usæu¥ cßd` (C) flaMhds`V cßd` (D) cßd` vkWœ` cÈMkSnk 28. bZ-xousÛl ij jkÆV_h; lEes¥u œ`jojh 2008 eÍ d`gk∑ vk;ksftr fd`;k x;k Fkk= (A) ubZ fnY¥h (B) xqMxk∑o (C) iapdq`¥k (D) xka|huxj 29. ds`Unzh; lkaf“;d`h; laxBu (CSO) ds` vfxze vkd`¥u ds` vuqlkj foÂkh; o"Z 2007-08 eÍ nsæ ds` ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn eÍ fd`rus izfrær d`h o~f* vuqekfur gS = (A) 8·7 izfrær (B) 9·0 izfrær (C) 9·4 izfrær (D) 9·6 izfrær 30. lh,lvks ds` vkd`¥u eÍ nsæ eÍ 20070 8 eÍ fLFkj ewY;kÍ ij vkSlr izfr O;fDr ekfld` vk; fd`ruh vkd`f¥r gS= (A) 2761 :i, (B) 3435 :i, (C) 4217 :i, (D) 4887 :i,

u;k vad` cktkj eÍ mi¥C|

m®jek¥k 1. (C) 6. (B) 11. (B) 16. (C) 21. (B) 26. (C)

2. (A) 7. (C) 12. (C) 17. (D) 22. (B) 27. (D)

3. (B) 8. (D) 13. (A) 18. (D) 23. (B) 28. (C)

4. (D) 9. (A) 14. (B) 19. (C) 24. (A) 29. (A)

5. (A) 10. (C) 15. (D) 20. (A) 25. (B) 30. (A)

●●●

okn–fookn izfr;ksfxrk fo";%okLrfod` le~f* d`h vk|kjfæ¥k uSfrd` ewY; gß\ vfUre frfFk%15 vizS¥] 2008 æCn la“;k%vf|d`re 750 æCn ·i{k/ foi{k‚ iqjLd`kj ;kstuk%i{k/foi{k ds` izFke nks ¥s[\ foæs"%i{k/foi{k d`k izFke ¥s[ if(d`k eÍ izd`kfær gksxk\ izFke iqjLÎ`r i{k/foi{k v˙;FkhZ d`ks iqjLd`kjLoÔi 200/- iznku fd`, tk,axs\ d`kWihjkbV vf|d`kj izd`kæd` d`k gksxk\ vU; ¥s[ okil ugÓ fd`, tk,axs\ ·Î`i;k f¥œ`kœs` ij fuEuf¥f[r dw`iu d`ks vo'; fpid`k,a‚ okn–fookn izfr;ksfxrk ∂`ekad`%121 ·i{k/foi{k/nksukÍ i{k‚

/

d`k vfrfjâ`kad`

·fiN¥s o"ksÛ ds` iz'u-i( g¥ lfgr‚

ijh{kksi;ksxh lhjht-7

mid`kj ^d`kæu d`h mi;ksxh iqLrdÍ`

Volume 1

ewY; # 45/-

izfr;ksfxrk niZ. d`k ;g vfrfjâ`kad` lelkef;d` ?Vukdz`e ,oa v»ru lkekU; Kku] vkfFkZd` ,oa okf.fT;d` {ks( ds` v»ru Kku ,oa uohure lelkef;d` lkekU; Kku d`ks lefiZr gS\ bleÍ uohure jkÆV_h;] vUrjkZÆV_h; ifjn~';kÍ] dz`hÈMk txrΩ d`h egRoiw.Z ?VukvkÍ] lelkef;d` egRoiw.Z rF;kÍ rFkk okf.fT;d` {ks( ds` d`k;Zd`¥kikÍ d`k o~grΩ vk|kj ij o.Zu ,oa fo'¥s". fd`;k x;k gS\ ijh{kk d`h n~fÆV ls egRoiw.Z KkuktZu d`jkus ds` f¥, ;g vad` cstksÈM gS\ ☎ vkxjk 2530966, 2531101, 3208693, fnY¥h

izfr;ksfxrk niZ.

23251866,

iVuk 2666404, bUnkSj

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1665

2535892

mid`kj m®j iznsæ ikWf¥VsfDud` la;qDr izosæ ijh{kk 180/mid`kj m®jk[≥M ikWf¥VsfDud` la;qDr izosæ ijh{kk 180/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` izosæ ·œ`keZslh‚ ·ck;¥ksth xzqi‚ ijh{kk 370/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` izosæ ·œ`keZslh‚ ·xf.r xzqi‚ ijh{kk 280/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` izosæ ·,xzhd`Ypj bath\‚ ijh{kk 235/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` d`EI;wVj ,I¥hds`æu rFkk ekdsZ`fVax ,≥M lsYl eSusteÍV 165/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` ,;j dzS`ŒV esUVh\ bathfu;¯jx 260/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` ekWMuZ vkWfœ`l eSusteÍV ,≥M lsdzs`fV_;¥ izSfDVl rFkk ¥kbczsjh ,≥M buœ`kWjesæu lkbal 190/mid`kj ikWf¥\ xkjesUV] gkse lkbal] VsDlVkb¥ rFkk œS`æu 155/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` la;qDr izosæ ijh{kk gksV¥ eSusteÍV ,≥M dS`Vfjax VsDuks¥kWth 180/mid`kj izSfDVl odZ`-cqd ikWf¥VsfDud` izosæ ijh{kk 55/mid`kj izSfDVl odZ`-cqd ikWf¥\ la;qDr izosæ ijh{kk ·œ`kesZlh‚ 115/mid`kj izd`kæu] 2/11A, Lons'kh chek uxj] vkxjk–282 002 ● E-mail : [email protected] ● Website : www.upkarprakashan.com

(B)

NÂkhlxÈ< ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ·izk\‚ ijh{kk] 2005 d`k g¥ iz'u-i(

¥ksd` izæklu 1.

‘‘vxj gekjh l˙;rk (Civilization) 7. gcZVZ lkbeu us vU; fd`u nks fo}kukÍ vlœ`¥ gksrh gS] rks ,slk ^æklu ds` ds` lkƒ fe¥d`j ¥ksd` ^æklu d`h iru ds` d`kj. gksxk\’’ ;g d`ƒu ^ƒe O;ogkjoknh (Behavioural) fd`ld`k gS= ikBΩ;iqLrd` ‘¥ksd` ^æklu’ f¥[h= (A) if≥Mr tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ (A) fe¥sV ,oa lsd`¥j gMlu (B) ,¥\ Mh\ ÿkbV (B) ,p\ dw`t ,oa vks\ Mksus¥ (C) ^ks\ oh ch\ Mksuge (C) Mh\ ,l\ fLeƒcxZ ,oa oh\ ,\ (D) ^ks\ okYMks ƒkWEilu 2. ‘‘^æklu d`k lEcU| ljd`kj ds` D;k (D) ewus ,oa js¥s vkSj dS`ls ls gS\’’ ;g d`ƒu fd`ld`k 8. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls Hkjr eÍ fd`l fo'ogS= fo»k¥; eÍ loZ^ƒe ¥ksd` ^æklu d`k (A) MCY;w\ ,œ`\ fo¥ksch ,d` LorU( foHkx Lƒkfir fd`;k x;k (B) ekæZ¥ fMekWd` ƒk= (C) ,¥\ Mh\ ÿkbV (A) enzkl fo'ofo»k¥; (D) ¥wƒj xqf¥d` (B) ukxiqj fo'ofo»k¥; (C) ¥[u˜ fo'ofo»k¥; 3. ‘iks L Md`kcZ ’ fopkj d`k ^friknd` (Propounder) d`kSu gS= (D) t;iqj fo'ofo»k¥; (A) eklZ 9 . ¥ksd` ^æklu d`k firk fd`ls d`gk (B) ekæZ¥ fMekWd` tkrk gS= (C) ¥wƒj xqf¥d` (A) ,¥\ Mh\ ÿkbV (D) ,œ`\ ejlu (B) oqMjks foYlu (C) ¥wƒj xqf¥d` 4. laxBu eÍ inlksiku (Hierarchy) d`ks ‘∂`fed` ^f∂`;k’ (Scalar process) (D) ^ks\ okYMks fd`lus d`gk= 10. Hkjr eÍ la?h; {ks(kÍ (Union ter(A) ewus ,oa js¥s (B) eSDl oscj ritories) d`k ^æklu fd`l eU(k¥; (C) gsujh œs`;ks¥ (D) mfoZd` ds` vUrxZr vkrk gS= (A) fonsæ ea(k¥; 5. gsujh œs`;ks¥ us viuh fd`rkc ‘tuj¥ (B) ^frj”k ea(k¥; ,≥M baMfLV_;¥ ,MfefuLV_sæu’ eÍ (C) x~g ea(k¥; laxBu ds` fd`rus fl*kUr crk;s gß= (D) bueÍ ls fd`lh ds` vUrxZr ugÓ (A) 10 (B) 12 11. ewY;-eqDr (Value-free) ^cU| foKku (C) 14 (D) 15 d`k okLrfod` vƒZ gS— 6. jkWcVZ Mg¥ us foKku ds` Ôi eÍ ¥ksd` (A) ^æklu ds` dq`N fuf'pr fl*kUr ^æklu ds` fod`kl eÍ fuEu eÍ ls gksrs gß d`kSulh leL;k ugÓ crk;h ƒh= (B) ^æklfud` O;ogkj eÍ ewY;kÍ d`h (A) ewY;-eqDr ^æklu d`h ^kfIr d`h vko';d`rk ugÓ gksrh leL;k (C) ewY; uSfrd` ækL( ds` fo"; gß] (B) ekuo-O;ogkj ls ^Hkfor ^æklu ^æklu ds` ugÓ ds` v÷;;u ls mRiUu leL;k (D) ^tkrU( eÍ ewY; vk|kfjr (C) lhfer jkÆV_h; o ,sfrgkfld` ^æklu d`h ^kfIr d`fBu gS v÷;;ukÍ ds` vk|kj ij lkoZHkSfed` fl*kUr fuekZ. d`h 12. gkƒkWuZ ^;ksxkÍ us ¥ksd` ^æklu eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l fopkj d`k leL;k lw(ikr fd`;k= (D) ^æklu d`h jktuhfr ls vR;f|d` tqÈMko d`h leL;k (A) oSKkfud` ^cU| d`h fopkj|kjk izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1666

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O;ogkjoknh ^æklu d`h fopkj|kjk (C) ekuo lEcU| vkUnks¥u lEcU|h fopkj (D) fod`kloknh ^æklu lEcU|h fopkj|kjk fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` ^æklu ds` fo"; eÍ lgh ugÓ gS= (A) ;g lkekftd` foKku d`h ,d` æk[k gS (B) ;g ¥ksd` uhfr;kÍ d`ks d`k;kZfUor d`jus ok¥h laxfBr lsok gS (C) ;g eaf(e≥M¥ d`k i;kZ;okph (Synonymous) gS (D) futh vkSj ¥ksd` ^æklu nksukÍ d`k foKku v¥x-v¥x gksrk gS fuEu eÍ ls fd`l laLƒku eÍ ¥ksd` (Public) o futh (Private) nksukÍ {ks( ls vk;s ^fæ{k.kfƒZ;kÍ d`ks ,d` lkƒ ^fæ{k. fn;k tkrk gS= (A) ,MfefuLV_sfVo LVkWœ` d`kW¥st] gSnjkckn (B) jkÆV_h; ^æklu vd`kneh] elwjh (C) Hkjrh; ¥ksd` ^æklu laLƒku] ubZ fnY¥h (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls Hkjrh; lafo|ku d`k d`kSulk vuqPNsn fiNÈMs oxksÛ (Backward classes) ls lEcfU|r gS= (A) vuqPNsn 339 (B) vuqPNsn 340 (C) vuqPNsn 341 (D) vuqPNsn 342 fuEu eÍ ls d`kSu ¥ksd` ^æklu d`k O;ogkjoknh fopkjd` (Behavioural thinker) ugÓ gS= (A) psLVj cukZMZ (B) gcZVZ lkbeu (C) ≠s`M fjXt (D) MCY;w] ,œ`\ fo¥ksch ‘vkVZ vkWœ` ,MfefuLV_sæu’ fd`rkc fd`lus f¥[h= (A) ¥wƒj xqf¥d` (B) vkMZos VhM (C) ,¥\ Mh\ ÿkbV (D) MCY;w\ ,œ`\ fo¥ksch ^æklu d`ks d`¥k fuÔfir d`jus ok¥s fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu gß= (1) I¥sVks (2) d`kSfVY; (3) eSfd`;ko¥h (4) eksfjl d`ksgu

(b) ¥ksd` ^æklu eÍ fu.Z;-^f∂`;k uhps fn, x;s dw`VkÍ eÍ ls lgh m®j ls lEcfU|r d`k p;u d`hft,— (c) le; vkSj xfr v÷;;ukÍ ij (A) (1) vkSj (2) vk|kfjr (B) (1), (2) vkSj (3) (d) fu.Z; ^f∂`;k ls lEcfU|r (C) (2) vkSj (4) lwph-II (D) (1), (2) vkSj (4) 1. [s¥ fl*kUr 19. lwph-I ·eÍ fn;s x;s fo";kÍ‚ d`ks lwph2. lwpuk fl*kUr II ·muds` lzksrkÍ‚ ls lqesf¥r d`hft;s 3. lajpukRed` fl*kUr vkSj lwfp;kÍ ds` uhps fn;s x;s dw`VkÍ 4. oSKkfud` ^cU| fl*kUr d`k mi;ksx d`j lgh m®j pqfu;s — dw`V # lwph-I (a) (b) (c) (d) (a) ¥ksd` ^æklu ds` Lok;® v÷;;u (A) 3 1 2 4 ij fd`;k x;k v÷;;u (B) 2 3 4 1 (b) lk¥k ekMYl (C) 1 3 4 1 (c) ifjorZuæh¥ lekt eÍ ¥ksd` (D) 2 4 1 3 ^æklu d`h Hwfed`k (d) vkfƒZd` fod`kl d`h voLƒk,∑ 22. ^æklu vkSj jktuhfr ds` lEcU|kÍ d`ks fu|kZfjr d`jus ok¥s rRo gß— lwph-II 1. jktuhfr ^æklu ds` d`k;ksÛ d`ks 1. ≠s`M fjXt fu|kZfjr d`jrh gS\ 2. guh ^frosnu 2. ^æklu uhfr-fuekZ. gsrq jktuhfr 3. fod`klksUeq[ ^æklu d`ks lkexzh ,oa ijkeæZ ^nku d`jrk 4. feUukscqd` lEes¥u gS\ dw`V # 3. ^æklu vkSj jktuhfr nksukÍ uSfrd` (a) (b) (c) (d) ewY;kÍ] ¥ksd`er vkSj n¥h; jkt(A) 2 1 4 3 uhfr ls ^Hkfor gksrs gß\ (B) 4 2 1 3 4. jktuhfr uhfr fu|kZfjr d`jrh gS (C) 2 1 4 3 vkSj ^æklu mls d`k;kZfUor d`jrk (D) 3 4 2 1 gS\ uhps fn;s`x;s`dw`VkÍ eÍ ls lgh m®j`d`k 20. vukSipkfjd` laxBu (Informal orgap;u`d`hft;s— nization) ls rkRi;Z gS— (A) 1, 2 vkSj 4 1. lnL;kÍ ds ` vkpkj-O;ogkj d`h lEiw.Z ^frÎ`fr\ (B) 1, 2, 3 vkSj 4 2. bleÍ ekuoh; ^sj.kvkÍ vkSj (C) 2, 3 vkSj 4 lkewfgd`` d`k;Z lapk¥u ij c¥ (D) 2 vkSj 3 fn;k tkrk gS\ 23. fu;U(. ds` foLrkj {ks( d`h ikjEifjd` 3. ;g ifjHkf"r rkSj-rjhd`kÍ ij vo|kj.k (Traditional thinking) eÍ vk|kfjr gksrk gS\ ifjorZu ¥kus ok¥s d`kjd` gß— 4. ;g d`Bks j d`k;kZ R ed`
izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1667

(B) (C) (D)

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lapkj (Communication) ls leUo; (Co-ordination) ls fu.Z; (Decision-making) ls fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu ^kƒfed` (Primary) vkSj }Srh;d` (Secondary) d`k;ksÛ ij vk|kfjr gS= (A) foHkx vkSj fuxe (B) la? æklu d`h vo|kj.k (C) lw( o LVkœ` d`h vo|kj.k (D) jkT; vkSj Lƒkuh; Loæklu d`h vo|kj.k Hkjr eÍ lw( laxBu (Line organization) ds` Ôi gß — (A) foHkx] ¥ksd` fuxe ,oa e≥M¥ (B) foHkx] ¥ksd` fuxe ,oa ljd`kjh d`Eiuh (C) foHkx vkSj e≥M¥ (D) ¥ksd` fuxe vkSj e≥M¥ fuEu eÍ ls d`kSulk Hkjr eÍ ¥ksd` fuxe ^kÔi eÍ ¥ksd` mi∂`e d`k ¥{k. ugÓ gS= (A) ¥ksd`-fuxe lalnh; d`kuwu ls fufeZr gksrs gß (B) ¥ksd`-fuxe Loæklh e≥M¥ }kjk ^cfU|r gksrs gß (C) ¥ksd`-fuxe d`k i~ƒdΩ` LorU( oS|kfud` vfLrRo gksrk gS (D) ¥ksd`-fuxe viuh vko';d`rkvkÍ d`h iwfrZ gsrq iw∑th cktkj eÍ vaæ fuxZfer d`j ld`rk gS LVkœ` (Staff) vkSj lgk;d` vfHd`j.kÍ (Auxiliary bodies) eÍ Hsn gS— (A) D;kÍfd` lgk;d` vfHd`j. f∂`;kæh¥ gksrs gß (B) D;kÍfd` lgk;d` vfHd`j. dq`N lsok,∑ ^nku d`jrs gß (C) D;kÍfd` lgk;d` vfHd`j. d`k lEcU| uhfr fu|kZj. ls ugÓ gksrk (D) D;kÍfd` lgk;d` vfHd`j. eq“; d`k;Zikf¥d`k ls nwj gksrs gß] tcfd` LVkœ` ugÓ gksrs bathfu;¯jx] d`kuwu o U;k; ,oa [ku foHkx fuEu eÍ ls fd`l vk|kj ij laxfBr laxBu gß= (A) mˆs'; ;k d`k;Z (Purpose or function) (B) ^f∂`;k (Process) (C) O;fDr lewg (Persons) (D) {ks( (Place)

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og ^f∂`;k d`kSulh gS tks fpd`us inkƒZ d`h rjg ^cU|d`h; f∂`;k d`ks lqxe cuk nsrh gS= (A) lapkj (Communication)

38. Hkjr eÍ ¥ksd` lsokvkÍ eÍ fu;qfDr gsrq 44. Hkjr eÍ ¥ksd` vk;qDr fu;qDr d`jus ^R;k;kstu (Delegation) vf|okl lEcU|h ^frcU| d`c lekIr ok¥k ^ƒe jkT; gS— leUo; (Co-ordination) fd`;k x;k= (A) e÷; ^nsæ (B) egkjkÆV_ fu;U(. (Control) (A) 1947 (B) 1950 (C) m®j ^nsæ (D) fcgkj 31. jkÆV_÷ot] jkÆV_h; ^rhd` ,oa jkÆV_h; (C) 1957 (D) 1965 i{kh ls lEcfU|r fo"; fd`l ea(k¥; 45. e÷; ^nsæ eÍ ¥ksd` vk;qDr ds` nk;js 39. Hkjr ds` jkÆV_ifr d`ks ¥ksd` lsod`kÍ ds` ds` v|hu gS= ls ckgj j[s x;s O;fDr— f¥;s vkpkj-lafgrk (Code of con(A) ekuo lalk|u fod`kl ea(k¥; 1. fo|k;d` (MLA’s) duct) ds` fu;e fuekZ. d`k vf|d`kj (B) x~g ea(k¥; 2. fo|ku lHk ds` v÷;{k o mik÷;{k lafo|ku d`h fd`l |kjk ds` vUrxZr (Speaker and Dy. speaker) (C) fonsæ ea(k¥; ^kIr gS= eq“;ea(h (Chief Minister) 3. (D) ou ,oa i;kZoj. ea(k¥; (A) 309 (B) 311 4. U;kf;d` lsok ds` lnL; (Mem(C) 312 (D) 315 32. eSDl oscj }kjk of.Zr ‘l®k’ (Aubers of the Judiciary services) thority) ds` rhu ÔikÍ eÍ fuEu eÍ ls 40. Hkjr ds` jkÆV_ifr ij egkfH;ksx d`h v|ks f¥f[r dw`VkÍ eÍ ls lgh m®j d`kSulk ugÓ gS= ^f∂`;k (Process of impeachpq f u;s — (A) ijEijkxr (Traditional) ment)— (A) 3 ,oa 4 (B) 1, 2, 3 ,oa 4 (B) peRd`kfjd` (Charismatic) (A) ¥ksd` lHk eÍ gh æqÔ gks ld`rh ,oa 4 (D) 1, 2 ,oa 4 (C) 2, 3 (C) fof|d` (Legal) gS (D) rkukækgh (Dictatorial) (B) jkT; lHk eÍ gh æqÔ gks ld`rh 46. fuEu eÍ ls lafo|ku d`h fd`l |kjk ds` vUrxZr jkT;ik¥] jkÆV_ifr ds` vuqgS 33. la j {kd` ukS d `jækgh (Patronage eksnu ds` f¥, fd`lh fo|s;d` d`ks Hst (C) fd`lh Hh lnu eÍ æq Ô gks bureaucracy) d`k nwljk uke gS— ld`rk gS= ld`rh gS (A) ¥wV i*fr (Spoil system) (D) laln ds` la;qDr`vf|osæu`eÍ (A) |kjk 166 (B) |kjk 200 (B) tkrh; ukSd`jækgh (Caste Bugh`æq Ô gks ld`rh gS (C) |kjk 239 (D) |kjk 356 reaucracy) 41. lw p hI d`ks lw p hII ls lq e s f ¥r d`hft;s (C) vfHHkod` ukSd`jækgh (Guar47. 42oÍ laæks|u ds` }kjk jkT;-lwph ds` vkSj lwfp;kÍ ds` uhps fn;s x;s dw`VkÍ dian Bureaucracy) d`kSuls pkj fo"; leorhZ lwph (Cond`k mi;ksx d`j lgh m®j pqfu;s— current List) eÍ j[ fn;s x,= (D) ;ksX;rk ukSd`jækgh (Merit Bulwph-I reaucracy) (A) iqf¥l] U;k;] ts¥ rƒk Lƒkuh; (a) 1951 (b) 1957 æklu 34. ,d` ls vf|d` jkT;kÍ ds` f¥;s xfBr (c) 1964 (d) 1965 (B) lkoZtfud` LokLF;] Î`f"] flapkbZ fd`;s tkus ok¥s la;qDr ¥ksd` lsok lwph-II vkSj lÈMdÍ` vk;ksxkÍ ds` v÷;{k o lnL;kÍ d`h 1. ^ækld`h; lq|kj vk;ksx fu;qfDr d`jrk gS— (C) euksjatu] vkod`kjh] iapk;r vkSj 2. ,\ Mh\ xksjok¥k lfefr oDœ` (A) lEcfU|r jkT;kÍ ds` jkT;ik¥ 3. ik¥ ,p\ ,Ii¥ch lfefr (B) jkÆV_ifr (D) fæ{kk] ou] tax¥h tkuojkÍ vkSj 4. laƒkue lfefr if{k;kÍ d`h j{kk rƒk ukirkS¥ (C) la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx d`k v÷;{k dw`V # (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 48. 44oÍ laoS|kfud` laæks|u ds` }kjk (a) (b) (c) (d) 35. ‘‘ukSd`jækgh eaf(inh; m®jnkf;Ro vuqPNsn 352 eÍ D;k ifjorZu fd`;k (A) 2 4 3 1 d`h vkÈM eÍ œ`¥rh-œw`¥rh gS] tks ,d` x;k= (B) 1 3 4 2 lsod` ds` Ôi eÍ rks cgqr mi;ksxh gS (A) vkUrfjd` vækafr ds` Lƒku ij (C) 2 3 4 3 ij Lokeh ds` Ôi eÍ ?krd` fl* vkUrfjd` mƒ¥-iqƒ¥ æCnko¥h gksrh gS\’’ ;g d`ƒu fd`ld`k gS= (D) 4 1 3 2 (B) vkUrfjd` vækafr ds` Lƒku ij (A) eSDl oscj (B) jsEtsE;ksj 42. Hkjrh; d`Eiuh ,DV] 1956 ds ` laoS|kfud` lad`V d`h fLƒfr (C) fo¥ksch (D) œ`kbuj vUrxZr d`kSuls laxBu iathÎ`r vkSj æCnko¥h fu;af(r gksrs gß= 36. ^fr;ksxh ijh{kkvkÍ ds` ek÷;e ls ¥ksd` (C) vkUrfjd` vækafr ds` Lƒku ij lsod`kÍ d`h HrhZ d`h ^f∂`;k loZ^ƒe (A) futh d`Eifu;k∑ læL( fonzksg æCnko¥h fd`l nsæ eÍ æqÔ d`h xbZ= (B) ljd`kjh fuxe o d`Eifu;k∑ (D) vkUrfjd` vækafr ds` Lƒku ij (A) phu (B) ^æk (C) ljd`kjh d`Eifu;k∑ lSfud` fonzksg æCnko¥h (C) Ôl (D) ≠`kal (D) futh o ljd`kjh d`Eifu;k∑ (B) (C) (D)

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vk|qfud` flfo¥ lsokvkÍ d`k tUenkrk 43. Hkjrh; lafo|ku eÍ fd`rus laoS|kfud` 49. laln eÍ rkjkafd`r (Starred) vkSj (Founder) fd`l nsæ d`ks ekuk tkrk vrkjkafd`r (unstarred) ^'u d`c iwNs mipkjkÍ (Constitutional remedies) gS= d`h O;oLƒk d`h xbZ gS= tkrs gß= (A) phu (B) ≠`kal (A) 3 (B) 4 (A) ctV ij cgl (Discussion) (C) ^æk (D) vejhd`k (C) 5 (D) 6 ds` le;

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1668

(B)

vfo'okl ^Lrko (No confidence motion) ij cgl ds` le; (C) ^'ud`k¥ ds` le; (At the

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54.

3.

^Lrkfor d`j d`h nj eÍ o~f* (B) egk¥s[kd`kj }kjk ¥s[kÍ d`k d`j ns\ lad`¥u ,oa oxhZd`j. fd`;k tkuk 4. Lo;a gh d`ksbZ u;k d`j ¥xk ns\ (C) ¥s[kÍ d`k vads`{k. o ,d`hd`j. uhps fn;s x;s dw`VkÍ`eÍ ls `lgh m®j time of question hour) d`k p;u d`hft,— (D) vfUre ¥s[kÍ d`k fo® eU(k¥; (D) Lƒxu ^Lrko (Adjournment }kjk ^ek.hd`j. (A) 1, 2 vkSj 4 (B) 2 vkSj 3 motion) ij cgl ds` le; (C) 3 vkSj 4 (D) 1, 3 vkSj 4 60. Hkjrh; ^æklfud` lsokvkÍ eÍ fuEu Hkjr eÍ jkT;kÍ ds` {ks(] lhek o uke 55. fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSulk vfHd`ƒu oxhZd`j.kÍ eÍ ls ,d` ^p¥u eÍ ugÓ eÍ laln ifjorZu fd`l rjg ls d`j gS— (Statement) x¥r gS= ld`rh gS= (A) jktif(r-vjktif(r (A) |u fo|s;d` d`ks ikfjr d`jus (A) laln ds` lk|kj. cgqer }kjk (Gazetted-nongazetted) d`h jkT; lHk d`h le; lhek ikfjr ^Lrko ds` }kjk (B) vf[¥ Hkjrh; vkSj ds`Unzh; 14 fnu gS lsok,∑ (B) laln ds` fofæÆV cgqer ls ikfjr (B) d`ksbZ fo|s;d` |u fo|s;d` gS ;k ^Lrko ds` }kjk ugÓ ;g Lihd`j r; d`jrk gS (C) vf[¥ Hkjrh;] ds`Unzh; vkSj (C) ¥s [ kuq n ku o"Z H j ds ` f¥;s Hh (C) laln ds` fofæÆV cgqer ,oa vk|s ^kUrh; lsok,∑ LohÎ`r fd`;k tk ld`rk gS jkT;kÍ d`h fo|ku lHkvkÍ }kjk (D) mPp] e÷; o fuEu Js.h lsok,∑ ikfjr ^Lrko ds` }kjk (D) lafpr fuf| ij Hkfjr enkÍ ij 61. lwph-I eÍ fn;s x;s o"Z vkSj lwph-II laln ernku ugÓ d`j ld`rh (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls fd`lh ds` }kjk ugÓ eÍ nh xbZ ds`Unzh; ds`fcusV d`h Lƒk;h ‘,d`eq'r’ ctV ^.k¥h (Lump-sum 56. laln d`h ¥ksd` ¥s[k lfefr (Public lfefr;kÍ d`h la“;k d`ks lqesf¥r d`hft;s Accounts Committee) ls lEcfU|r Budgeting) gS — vkSj lwfp;kÍ ds` uhps fn;s x;s dw`VkÍ d`k fuEukafd`r rF;kÍ eÍ ls d`kSulk rF; (A) bleÍ O;;kÍ d`ks iafDrokj (Linemi;ksx d`j lgh m®j pqfu;s— x¥r gS= wise) f¥[ fn;k tkrk gS lwph-I lwph-II (A) lfefr ds` v÷;{k d`k euksu;u (B) bleÍ O;;kÍ d`ks fofHUu oxksÛ eÍ Lihd`j d`jrk gS (a) 1957 1. 13 ck∑V fn;k tkrk gS (B) lfefr eÍ 15 ¥ksd` lHk ds` o 7 (b) 1974 2. 10 (C) bleÍ O;; ,d` ls nwljs mˆs';kÍ] jkT; lHk ds ` lnL; gks r s gß (c) 1977 3. 6 laxBukÍ ,oa d`k;ksÛ d`ks gLrkUrfjr (C) fu;U(d` ,oa egk¥s [ k ijh{kd` (d) 1994 4. 12 gks ld`rs gß (Comptroller and Auditor dw`V # (D) bleÍ d`k;Z∂`ekÍ ds` vk|kj ij General) d`h fjiksVZ ij lfefr (a) (b) (c) (d) ctV rS;kj fd`;k tkrk gS fopkj d`jrh gS (A) 2 1 4 3 ‘lHh v∑xqf¥;k∑’ vkSj ‘NksVh Hqtk;Í (D) ;g lfefr laln d`h la;qDr (B) 4 1 2 3 rƒk ¥Ech v∑xqf¥;k∑’ æCn fd`ls bafxr lfefr gS (C) 3 2 1 4 d`jrs gß= 57. Hkjr eÍ fu;U(d` rƒk egk¥s[k (A) {ks(-eq“;k¥; lEcU| d`ks (D) 3 2 4 1 ijh{kd` d`h fu;qfDr d`kSu d`jrk gS= (B) vknsæ d`h ,d`rk (Unity of 62. Hkjr eÍ ¥ksd` ^æklu eÍ ¥ksd` fu;U(. (A) ^|kuea(h command) d`ks d`k mHjrk gqvk LoÔi gS— (B) jkÆV_ifr (C) in lksiku (Hierarchy) d`ks (A) U;kf;d` lf∂`;rk (Judicial (C) loksZPp U;k;k¥; d`k eq“; (D) fo|k;h fu;U(. d`ks activism) U;k;k|hæ (B) ¥k¥œ`hrkækgh (Red tapism) laln eÍ ctV d`h ek∑xkÍ ij ernku ds` (D) ¥ksd` lHk v÷;{k le; fuEu eÍ ls fd`l d`VkSrh ^Lrko (C) i¥k;uokn (Escapism) 58. fuÆiknu ctV ^.k¥h eÍ fuEu eÍ ls d`k ^ko|ku ugÓ gS= (D) fufÆ∂`;rkokn (Inactivism) ,d` ækfe¥ ugÓ gS= (A) ^rhd` (Token) d`VkSrh ^Lrko 63. uohu ¥ksd` ^æklu eq“;r# lEc* (A) O;; ds` mˆs';kÍ d`k o.Zu (B) uhfr d`VkSrh ^Lrko gS— (B) fo®h; vko';d`rkvkÍ d`k mY¥s[ (C) ,sfPNd` d`VkSrh ^Lrko (A) fod`klæh¥ nsækÍ d`h ^æklfud` (C) fo®h; vko';d`rkvkÍ d`h O;k“;k (D) ferO;;rk d`VkSrh ^Lrko O;oLƒk ls (D) O;; d`h enkÍ d`k ia f Drokj mY¥s [ ctV LohÎ`fr eÍ laln d`ks vf|d`kj (B) ^æklfud` O;oLƒk d`h mRiknugÓ gS fd` og— d`rk ls 59. Hkjr d`h ¥s[kad`u ^f∂`;k eÍ fuEu eÍ ls d`kSulh ckr ækfe¥ ugÓ gS= (C) ^æklfud` O;oLƒk ds` vf|d`kjh 1. fd`lh ^Lrkfor d`j d`ks lekIr rU(hd`j. ls d`j ns\ (A) jktd`ks"kÍ }kjk ekgokj vk;O;; ds` ¥s[s egk¥s[kd`kj d`ks (D) ¥ksd` ^æklu ds` ekuoh; vfH2. ^Lrkfor d`j d`h nj eÍ d`eh ^Lrqr d`juk eq[u ls d`j ns\

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1669

64.

65.

66.

67.

68.

^|kuea(h lfpok¥; d`k u;k uke ‘^|kuea(h d`k;kZ¥;’ d`c j[k x;k= (A) 1947 eÍ (B) 1977 eÍ (C) 1980 eÍ (D) 1984 eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` d`ƒu Hkjr eÍ ;kstuk vk;ksx ds` fo"; eÍ lgh gS= (A) ;g ,d` laoS|kfud` fud`k; (Constitutional body) gS (B) ;g ,d` d`kuwuh fud`k; (Statutory body) gS (C) ;g ,d` d`k;Zd`kjh vknsæ ls cuk;k x;k gS (D) ;g LoÔi eÍ ,d` v*Z-U;kf;d` (Quasi-Judicial) laLƒk gS laxBu ,oa ^.k¥h fud`k; ls lEcfU|r fuEukafd`r d`ƒukÍ eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` d`ƒu x¥r gS= (A) ;g ,d` lsok d`k;Z d`jus ok¥h laLƒk gS (B) bld`h ^Î`fr ijkeæZnk(h (Advisory) ek( gS (C) ;g ,d` vuqla|ku ds`Unz ds` Ôi eÍ d`k;Z d`jrh gS (D) ;g la?h; ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ds` v|hu jgd`j d`k;Z d`jrh gS\ {ks(h; ifj"nkÍ (Zonal Councils) d`k fuekZ. fuEu eÍ ls fd`l rjg gqvk= (A) ds`Unzh; eaf(e≥M¥ ds` fu.Z;kuqlkj (B) jkT; iquxZBu vf|fu;e ds` }kjk (C) jkT;kÍ d`h ek∑x ij jkÆV_ifr }kjk (D) ;s laoS|kfud` laLƒk,∑ gß ,d` vkbZ\ ,\ ,l\ vf|d`kjh d`k p;u fuEu eÍ ls fd`l rjhds` ls gks ld`rk gS= vius m®j d`k p;u uhps fn;s x;s dw`VkÍ eÍ ls d`hft,— 1. p;u la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx d`h la;qDr ijh{kk ds` ek÷;e ls gks ld`rk gS\ 2. p;u jkT;kÍ d`h ^æklfud` lsok ds` vf|d`kfj;kÍ eÍ ls Hh gks ld`rk gS\ 3. p;u jkT;kÍ d`h rd`uhd`h lsok eÍ d`k;ZjrΩ vf|d`kfj;kÍ eÍ ls Hh gks ld`rk gS\ 4. Hkjrh; fonsæ lsok] ou lsok ,oa iqf¥l lsok eÍ d`k;Zjr vf|d`kfj;kÍ eÍ ls Hh gks ld`rk gS\ dw`V # (A) 1, 3 vkSj 4 (B) 1, 2 vkSj 3 (C) 1, 2 vkSj 4 (D) 1 vkSj 2

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1670

69.

70.

71.

72.

73.

foæs" p;u lwph ds` v¥kok jkT;kÍ d`h flfo¥ lsok eÍ d`fri; vf|d`kfj;kÍ ds` oxZ eÍ ls] ds`Unzh; lfpok¥; ds` ofjÆB inkÍ d`ks fuEu eÍ ls fd`l rjg Hjk`tkrk gS= (A) lEcfU|r jkT; ds` ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ds` ijkeæZ ls (B) ds`Unzh; x~g ea(k¥; ds` ijkeæZ ls (C) la?h; ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ds` ijkeæZ ls (D) ds`Unzh; d`kfeZd` (Personnel) ,oa ^æklfud` (Administrative) foHkx ds` ijkeæZ ls ds`Unzh; d`kfeZd` ,oa ^æklfud` lq|kj foHkx ds` lEcU| eÍ fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSulk d`ƒu x¥r gS= (A) 1977 rd` ;g foHkx ds`fcusV lfpok¥; ds` v|hu ƒk (B) 1977 eÍ bls x~g ea(k¥; eÍ ækfe¥ d`j f¥;k x;k (C) 1985 eÍ bls ,d` LorU( foHkx cuk fn;k x;k (D) ;g ^kjEH ls gh ^|kuea ( h d`k;kZ¥; eÍ gS 1969 eÍ ^Lrqr fd`;s x;s ^æklfud` lq|kj vk;ksx ds` ^frosnu (Report) eÍ ;g flœ`kfjæ ugÓ ƒh— (A) ^ƒe Js.h ds` 40% inkÍ d`h inksUufr ls gh Hjk tk;s (B) laxBu o i*fr bd`kbZ d`k Lƒku o fLƒfr ifjofrZr d`j nh tk;s (C) 15 o"Z d`h lsok ds` ckn d`kfeZd`kÍ d`ks LoSfPNd` lsok vod`kæ ¥sus d`h vuqefr gksuh pkfg, (D) ^æklfud` d`k;kZ¥;kÍ ds` d`k;Z d`k le; 10·30 ls 5·30 rd` d`j fn;k tk;s [≥M fod`kl vf|d`kjh (Block Development Officer) ds` in d`ks orZeku eÍ fd`l in ds` lerqY; ekuk tk ld`rk gS= (A) ft¥k fod`kl vf|d`kjh (B) eq“; d`k;Zik¥u vf|d`kjh (C) eq“; leUo;d` vf|d`kjh (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ d`ksbZ vkbZ\ ,\ ,l\ vf|d`kjh fu¥fEcr (Suspend) fd`;k tk ld`rk gS] tc— (A) mlds` fu¥Ecu d`h vuqefr la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ls ¥s ¥h xbZ gS

(B)

74.

75.

76.

77.

78.

mlds` fu¥Ecu d`h vuqefr ds`Unzh; ljd`kj ls ¥s ¥h xbZ gS (C) mlds ` fu¥Ecu d`h vuq e fr lEcfU|r jkT; ds` jkT;ik¥ ls ¥s ¥h xbZ gS (D) mlds ` fu¥Ecu d`h vuq e fr lEcfU|r jkT; d`h fo|ku lHk ls ¥s ¥h xbZ gS jkT; ljd`kj d`k eq“; lfpo gksrk gS— 1. eq“;ea(h d`k lfpo Hh 2. jkT; d`h flfo¥ lsokvkÍ d`k ^eq[ Hh 3. jkT; efU(e≥M¥ d`k lfpo Hh 4. jkT;ik¥ d`k l¥kgd`kj Hh fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk lgh gS= (A) 1 vkSj 2 (B) 1 vkSj 3 (C) 2 vkSj 3 (D) 2 vkSj 4 LorU(rk ds` i'pkrΩ ft¥kf|d`kjh d`h Hwfed`k eÍ egRoiw.Z ifjorZu vkus d`k d`kj. gS — (A) jktuhfrd` psruk d`k mn; (B) ^tkrkfU(d` fods`Unzhd`j. (C) tulEidZ` ek÷;e d`h Hwfed`k (D) ¥ksd`fgr eqd`nes fuEuf¥f[r eÍ d`kSulk ,d` Hkjrh; ;kstuk vk;ksx d`k d`k;Z ugÓ gS= (A) ;kstuk d`k fuekZ. (B) fod`kl ;kstukvkÍ d`k f∂`;kUo;u (C) ;kstuk d`h ^xfr d`k ewY;kad`u (D) uhfr vkSj` ^æklu ij vuq æalk,∑ (Recommendations) nsuk ft¥k d`¥sDVj fjVfuÛx vf|d`kjh ds` Ôi eÍ fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSulk pquko lEiUu ugÓ d`jokrk= (A) ¥ksd` lHk ds` pquko (B) fo|ku lHk ds` pquko (C) d`kW¥stkÍ ds` Nk(la?kÍ ds` pquko (D) uxj fuxekÍ ds` pquko fuEu eÍ ls d`kSulk d`k;Z ft¥k d`¥sDVj d`k ugÓ gS= (A) d`kuwu ,oa O;oLƒk (Law and order) (B)

U;k; ^nku d`juk (Dispensation of Justice)

(C)

lekt d`Y;k. (Social welfare)

(D)

Hw-jktLo d`h olw¥h (Collection of land revenue)

79.

80.

81.

82.

83.

84.

vuqPNsn 352 ds` vk|kj ij vc rd` fd`ruh ckj nsæ eÍ lad`Vd`k¥ (Emergency) ?ksf"r fd`;k x;k gS= (A) rhu ckj (B) pkj ckj (C) nks ckj (D) ,d` ckj 73oÍ lafo|ku laæks|u ds` }kjk lafo|ku eÍ iapk;rh jkt ls lEcfU|r d`kSulh u;h vuqlwph tksÈMh xbZ= (A) ukSoÓ (B) nloÓ (C) X;kjgoÓ (D) ckjgoÓ fuEu eÍ ls fd`lls ‘¥[huk ;kstuk’ lEcfU|r gS= (A) ft¥k ^æklu eÍ lq|kj ls (B) iapk;rh jkt eÍ lq|kj ls (C) iapo"hZ; ;kstukvkÍ eÍ lq|kj ls (D) xk∑okÍ ds` fod`kl ls 73 oÍ lafo|ku laæks|u d`h ∂`kfUrd`kjh fofæÆVrkvkÍ ds` lEcU| eÍ fuEuf¥f[r ij fopkj d`hft,— 1. iapk;rh jkt laLƒkvkÍ d`ks laoS|kfud` ^fLƒfr (Constitutional status) ^nku fd`;k tkuk\ 2. iapk;rh jkt laLƒkvkÍ ds` f¥;s vfuok;Z pquko\ 3. iapk;rh laLƒkvkÍ eÍ gj Lrj ij efg¥kvkÍ d`ks 33% vkj{k.\ 4. iapk;rh jkt laLƒkvkÍ eÍ fuokZfpr gksus ds` f¥, lk{kj gksuk vfuok;Z\ fuEu eÍ ls d`kSulk lgh gS= (A) 1 vkSj 3 (B) 1, 2 vkSj 3 (C) 3 vkSj 4 (D) 1, 2, 3 vkSj 4 fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` fo® vk;ksx d`k d`k;Z gS= (A) ds`Unzh; ctV d`k fuekZ. (B) vk;d`j vkxe fu|kZj. (C) ,sls fl*kUrkÍ d`k fu|kZj. tks jkT;kÍ ds` f¥;s lgk;rk vuqnku fu;fer d`jrs gß (D) ljd`kjh O;; ij fu;U(. iapk;rh jkt laLƒkvkÍ ls lEcfU|r lfefr;kÍ vkSj muds` fjiksVZ d`k lgh d`k¥∂`e eÍ igpkfu;s— 1. væksd` esgrk ekWM¥ 2. c¥oUrjk; esgrk fjiksVZ 3. ,¥\ ,e\ fla?oh lfefr 4. ts\ oh\ ds`\ jko lfefr uhps fn;s x;s dw`VkÍ d`k mi;ksx d`j lgh m®j pqfu;s— (A) 2, 1, 4 o 3 (B) 1, 3, 4 o 2 (C) 4, 2, 3 o 1 (D) 2, 1, 4 o 3

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1671

85.

jkt fo® vk;ksxkÍ d`k xBu fd`;k x;k eq“;r#— (A) la?h; fo®h; vk;ksxkÍ ds` lg;ksx ds` f¥, (B) jkT; ljd`kjkÍ ds` fo®h; lalk|u cÈ
90.

91.

92.

93.

94.

95.

ikf¥d`k fc¥ ig¥h ckj laln eÍ ftl ^|ku eU(h ds` ^|kuefU(Ro d`k¥ eÍ j[k x;k] og ƒs— (A) oh\ ih\ flag (B) pUnzæs[j (C) jktho xka|h (D) ujflEgk jko N®hlxÈ< jkT; ds` iapk;r jkt vf|fu;e d`h |kjk 21 ds` vUrxZr fuEu eÍ ls d`kSulh d`k;Zokgh d`h tk ld`rh gS= (A) ljiap vkSj miljiap ds` fo:* vfo'okl ^Lrko ¥k;k tk ld`rk gS (B) iapk;r vfuok;Z d`j vkjksfir d`j ld`rh gS (C) d`k;Zokgd` ljiap d`h fu;qfDr d`h ^f∂`;k d`h tk ld`rh gS (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ N®hlxÈ< jkT; eÍ 2001 eÍ— (A) 15 ft¥s] 150 tuin iapk;rÍ o 2551 xzke iapk;rÍ ƒÓ (B) 16 ft¥s] 250 tuin iapk;rÍ o 2700 xzke iapk;rÍ ƒÓ (C) 16 ft¥s] 146 tuin iapk;rÍ o 2649 xzke iapk;rÍ ƒÓ (D) 15 ft¥s] 176 tuin iapk;rÍ o 2490 xzke iapk;rÍ ƒÓ N®hlxÈ< jkT; ds` ^ƒe eq“; lfpo (Chief Secretary) ƒs— (A) Jh ,\ ds`\ fot;oxhZ; (B) Jh v:. dq`ekj (C) Jh ,e\ ds`\ jkor (D) Jh x.sæ æad`j f(ikBh N®hlxÈ< jkT; ds` fuekZ. ds` ckn iwoZ gkmflax cksMZ d`h c∑Vokjs ls ^kIr lEif®;kÍ o nkf;RokÍ (Properties and Responsibilities) d`ks |kj. d`jus gsrq u;h laLƒk xfBr d`h xbZ] mld`k uke gS— (A) N®hlxÈ< gkmflax cksMZ (B) N®hlxÈ< vkokl fod`kl ^kf|d`j. (C) N®hlxÈ< vkokl o i;kZoj. fuxe (D) N®hlxÈ< vkokl o i;kZoj. cksMZ N®hlxÈ< vkS»ksfxd` fuosæ ^ksRlkgu vf|fu;e (Industrial Investment Act), 2002 d`h eq“; foæs"rkvkÍ eÍ fuEu ls ,d` ugÓ ƒh— (A) 5 o"Z ds` Hhrj lHh jkT; ljd`kjh m»ksxkÍ d`k futhd`j.

(B)

,d`¥ fcUnq (Single point) fuosæ lEidZ` (C) fu|kZfjr le; eÍ leLr vuqeksnu (D) fuosæd`kÍ d`ks oS|kfud` vf|d`kj

lu ds` ^cU|d`h; n~fÆVd`ks. ds` vUrxZr vkrh gS\ 4. (A) 5. (C) œs`;ks¥

ds` vuqlkj ^æklu ds` 14 fl*kUr gß%d`k;Z foHktu] ^kf|d`kj o m®jnkf;Ro] vuqæklu] vknsæ d`h ,d`rk] d`k;Z d`h ,d`rk] futh fgrkÍ d`h lkekU; fgrkÍ ls v|hurk] ikfjJfed`] ds`Unzh;d`j.] Lds`¥j psu] O;oLƒk] lerk] d`k;Zd`k¥ d`k Lƒkf;Ro] ig¥] Vhe Hkouk\

(Legal right) 96.

N®hlxÈ< jkT; eÍ ch\ Mh\ vks\ in lekIr d`jus d`k fu.Z; d`c f¥;k x;k= (A) fnlEcj 2001 (B) fnlEcj 2002 (C) fnlEcj 2003 (D) tuojh 2004 97. N®hlxÈ< eÍ vk∑xuokÈMh ds`Unz d`k vk|kj gS— (A) xzkeh. {ks( eÍ 800 o vkfnoklh {ks( eÍ 500 d`h vkcknh ij ,d` vk∑xuokÈMh ds`Unz (B) xzkeh. {ks( eÍ 1000 o vkfnoklh {ks( eÍ 700 d`h vkcknh ij ,d` vk∑xuokÈMh ds`Unz (C) xzkeh. {ks( eÍ 1500 ,oa vkfnoklh {ks( eÍ 1200 d`h vkcknh ij ,d` vk∑xuokÈMh ds`Unz gS (D) xzkeh. {ks( eÍ 1200 ,oa vkfnoklh {ks( eÍ 800 d`h vkcknh ij ,d` vk∑xuokÈMh ds`Unz gS 98. Jh ds`\ ,e\ lsB ds` jkT;ik¥ in ls lsok fuo~f® ds` i'pkrΩ fd`lus N®hlxÈ< ds` d`k;Zokgd` jkT;ik¥ d`k in l∑Hk¥k= (A) Jh c¥jke tk[ÈM (B) Jh lqæh¥ dq`ekj fæUns (C) Jh lS;n flcrs jth (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 99. orZeku eÍ N®hlxÈ< jkT; ls d`kaxzsl ds` ,d`ek( fuokZfpr (Only elected) lkaln gß— (A) Jh eksrh¥k¥ oksjk (B) Jh ';kekpj. æqD¥ (C) Jh ,l\ ,u\ æekZ (D) Jh vthr tksxh 100. N®hlxÈ< jkT; efg¥k vk;ksx d`k xBu d`c fd`;k x;k ƒk= (A) 24-3-2001 (B) 1-4-2001 (C) 24-3-2002 (D) 1-4-2002

m®j O;k“;k lfgr 1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (C) POSDCORB d`k vƒZ gS Planning, Organising, Staffing, Directing, Co-ordinating, Reporting and Budgeting. iksLMd`kcZ d`h |kj.k ¥ksd` ^æk-

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1672

6. (D) 7. (C) 8. (B) ukxiqj fo'ofo»k¥; eÍ l( 194950 ‘¥ksd` ^æklu ,oa Lƒkuh; Loæklu

foHkx’ uke ls LorU( foHkx d`h Lƒkiuk loZ ^ ƒe d`h xbZ ƒh\ blds ` ^ƒe foHkxk÷;{k ^ks\ ,e\ ih\ æekZ ƒs\ 9. (B) vejhd`h fo}kuΩ o jkÆV_ifr oqMjks foYlu d`ks ¥ksd` ^æklu d`k firk blf¥, d`gk tkrk gS fd` mUgkÍus 1887 eÍ f¥f[r vius ¥s[ ‘LVMh vkWœ` ,MfefuLV_sæu’ }kjk ¥ksd` ^æklu d`ks jktuhfr ls v¥x d`j mls ,d` LorU( vfLrRo ^nku d`jus d`k ^;kl fd`;k\ 10. (C) 11. (A) 12. (C) 13. (C)

38. (*) d`ksbZ ugÓ\ oLrqr# laln us Public Employment (Requirement as to Residence) Act, 1957 }kjk ds`Unz

ljd`kj d`ks d`fri; lsokvkÍ gsrq fuokl d`h vgZrk ¥xkus gsrq vf|Î`r fd`;k ƒk] ¥sfd`u ;g vf|fu;e —1974 eÍ lekIr gks x;k\ vr# 1974 ds` ckn lsokvkÍ gsrq fuokl d`h vgZrk d`ks lekIr d`j fn;k x;k gS\ 39. (A) 40. (C) 41. (C) bl ^'u eÍ fod`Yi eÍ ‘D’

Hh f^UV d`h ew¥ gS ‘lh’ ds` uhps ‘1’ f^UV gksuk

pkfg;s ƒk\ 42. (D) 43. (C) lafo|ku

ds` vuqPNsn 32 ds` vuqlkj loksZPp U;k;k¥; ekSf¥d` vf|d`kjkÍ ds` mY¥a?u d`h næk eÍ fuEu ik∑p vknsæ tkjh d`j ld`rk gS% cUnh ^R;{khd`j.] ijeknsæ] ^fr"s| mR^s".] vf|d`kj i~PNk\ 44. (B) ;»fi ¥ksd`k;qDr d`h fu;qfDr loZ^ƒe egkjkÆV_ eÍ gqbZ ƒh] ¥sfd`u ¥ksd`k;qDr vf|fu;e ikfjr d`jus ok¥k ^ƒe jkT; mÈMhlk gS\ 45. 50. 55. 56.

(C) 46. (B) 47. (D) 48. (C) 49. (C) (A) 51. (B) 52. (A) 53. (C) 54. (C) (C) (D) ¥ksd` ¥s[k lefr eÍ ;»fi lkr

eaf(e≥M¥ o ^æklu leku ugÓ gß] D;kÍfd` eaf(e≥M¥ jktuhfrd` d`k;Zikf¥d`k ek( gS] tcfd` ^æklu eÍ blds` vfrfjDr lnL; jkT; lHk ls gksrs gß] ¥safd`u ;g Lƒk;h d`k;Zikf¥d`k Hh lfEef¥r gS\ ¥ksd` lHk d`h lfefr gS rƒk la;qDr 14. (A) ,MfefuLV_sfVo LVkœ` d`kW¥st d`h lfefr ugÓ gS\ Lƒkiuk luΩ 1957 eÍ vf[¥ Hkjrh; 57. (B) 58. (D) 59. (C) 60. (D) 61. (D) rd`uhd`h fæ{kk ifj"nΩ ubZ fnY¥h d`h 62. (A) 63. (D) 64. (B) 65. (C) 66. (D) laLrqfr ij d`h xbZ ƒh\ 67. (B) 68. (B) 69. (C) 70. (D) 71. (D) 15. (B) 16. (D)

MCY;w\ ,œ`\ fo¥ksch] ¥ksd` ^æklu ds` lkoZHkSfed` fl*kUr’ ls lEcfU|r fopkjd` gS\

17. 19. 20. 21.

22. 24.

25. 30. 33.

72. (D) 73. (C) 74. (C) 75. (B) 76. (B) iapo"hZ;

;kstukvkÍ ds` f∂`;kUo;u d`k d`k;Z ds`Unz ljd`kj o jkT; ljd`kjkÍ d`k gS\ ;kstuk vk;ksx] ;kstuk;Í rS;kj d`jrk (B) 18. (B) gS rƒk le;-le; ij mud`h ^xfr d`h (A & C ) nksukÍ] D;kÍfd` nksukÍ fod`YikÍ eÍ leh{kk d`jrk gS\ ,d` tSlk m®j fn;k gS\ 77. (C) d`kW¥st LVwMs≥V ;wfu;u d`k pquko (A) d`kW¥st }kjk fu;qDr pquko vf|d`kfj;kÍ (B) fod`Yi ‘C’ x¥r f^UV gS] D;kÍfd` }kjk fd`;k tkrk gS\ lafo|ku eÍ bld`k f¥LV-I ds` fod`Yi ‘A’ o ‘D’ nksukÍ d`ks mY¥s[ ugÓ gS\ List-II ds` fod`Yi I ls fe¥k;k x;k gS\ 78. (B) Hkjr eÍ U;k;ikf¥d`k d`ks d`k;Zikf¥d`k (B) 23. (C) ls i~ƒdΩ` fd`;k x;k gS\ vr# U;k; ^nku (C) ruko fl*kUr ds` vuqlkj fofHUu d`jus d`k d`k;Z ft¥k U;k;k¥; ds` U;k;kfoHkxkÍ o vfHd`j.kÍ ds` d`k;Z {ks( o |hækÍ }kjk fd`;k tkrk gS\ d`k;Z∂`ekÍ eÍ tkucw rel="nofollow">d`j fu;fU(r ruko 79. (A) LorU( Hkjr eÍ vkikrd`k¥ loZ^ƒe mRiUu fd`;k tkrk gS] ftlls dq`N eqˆkÍ 1962 eÍ Hkjr-phu ;q* ds` le; ?ksf"r ij foæs" ÷;ku ds`fUnzr fd`;k tk ld`rk fd`;k x;k ƒk\ iqu# 1971 eÍ ikfd`Lrku gS\ ds` lkƒ ;q* ds` le; ?ksf"r fd`;k x;k (C) 26. (B) 27. (D) 28. (C) 29. (B) ƒk rƒk rhljh ckj 1975 eÍ vkUrfjd` (A) 31. (B) 32. (D) fonzksg ds` vk|kj ij jkÆV_h; vkikr d`h (A) ¥wV i*fr 19 ærkCnh eÍ vejhd`k eÍ ?ks".k d`h x;h ƒh\ ^pf¥r ƒh ftleÍ ^R;sd` jktuhfrd` n¥ 80. (C) 81. (A) 82. (B) 83. (C) 84. (A) l®k eÍ vkus ds` ckn vius lnL;kÍ d`ks 85. (D) 86. (A) 87. (C) 88. (C) 89. (D) fofHUu ^æklfud` inkÍ ij fu;qDr d`jrk 90. (C) 91. (A) 92. (C) 93. (B) 94. (A) ƒk\ 95. (A) 96. (C) 97. (D) 98. (A) 99. (D)

34. (B) 35. (B) 36. (A) 37. (C)

100. (A)

●●●

mÂkj iznsæ ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ·^k\‚ ijh{kk] 30-9-2007 d`k g¥ iz'u-i(

(C) (D)

^R;kfær fcdz`h vkxe ^R;kfær ¥kH d`h nj 13. isjsVks vuqdw`¥re d`h fLƒfr d`ks ifjHkf"r fd`;k tk ld`rk gS] tgk∑— (A) lHh d`h fLƒfr csgrj gksuk vko';d` gS\ (B) dq`N ¥ksx csgrj fLƒfr d`ks ^kIr 7. fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSulh ifjHk"k lkis” d`jÍ rƒk dq`N d`ks cnrj fLƒfr ^kIr vk; ifjd`Yiuk ds` vuqÔi lkis” gks \ vk; d`ks ifjHkf"r d`jrh gS = (C) dq`N ¥ksxkÍ d`h fLƒfr csgrj gks (A) orZeku vk; o fiN¥s o"Z d`h fd`Urq fd`lh d`h Hh fLƒfr cnrj u vk; d`k vuqikr gks\ (B) orZeku vk; o fiN¥h vof|;kÍ (D) dq`N ¥ksxkÍ d`h fLƒfr csgrj gks d`h vkSlr vk; d`k vuqikr rƒk dq`N d`h cnrj] fd`Urq csgrj (C) orZeku vk; o fiN¥h vof|;kÍ fLƒfr ok¥s cnrj fLƒfr ok¥kÍ d`h eÍ ^kIr vk;kÍ eÍ ls lokZf|d` vk; ls ”friw f rZ d`jÍ\ vuqikr (D) orZeku vk; d`k fiN¥h ,oa 14. fuosæ xq.d` (Investment multiHfoÆ; d`h vk;kÍ d`k vuqikr plier) O;Dr d`jrk gS— (A) fuosæ d`k vk; ls vuqikr 8. IS–LM odz` fo'¥s". eÍ LM odz` ds` (B) vk; d`k fuosæ ls vuqikr fn, gksus ij IS odz` eÍ nkfguh vksj ifjorZu gksrk gS\ bld`k vƒZ gS fd` (C) fuosæ o~f* d`k vk; o~f* ls vc ig¥s ls # vuqikr (A) cpr vf|d` gS (D) vk; o~f* d`k fuosæ o~f* ls (B) lexz (Aggregate) O;; vf|d` vuqikr gS 15. ;fn miHksx œ`¥u gks C = 3000 + (C) eqnzk iwfrZ vf|d gS 0.8 Y rc xq.d` gksxk— (D) l±k mˆs'; gsrq eqnzk d`h ek∑x (A) 8 (B) 5 vf|d gS (C) 3 (D) 2 9. vƒZækL( d`k og fu;e tks ‘ls’ ds` 16. Mku iSfVfUd`u us vuqikfrd`rk fu;e cktkj fu;e d`ks x¥r ekurk gS— d`ks fuEu eÍ ls fd`l ^Hko ds` lgkjs (A) lhekUr mi;ksfxrk Ökl fu;e fl* fd`;k gS = (B) ekæZ¥ d`k ek∑x d`k fu;e (A) d`her ^Hko (Price Effect) (C) ^frœ`¥ d`k fu;e (Laws of (B) vk; ^Hko (Income Effect) Returns) (C) ^frLƒkiu ^Hko (Substitution (D) miHksx d`k euksoSKkfud` fu;e

vƒZækL( 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` ;qXe lqesf¥r ugÓ gS = (A) ^Lrko odz`—O;kikj ærZ (B) vf|d`re ¥kH —d`her usrk (C) fodqa`fpr ek∑x—foospukRed` ,d`kf|d`kj (D) [k» lkexzh d`k miHksx—,aft¥ fu;e ld`¥ jkÆV_h; mRiknu eÍ e÷;orhZ oLrq,∑ ækfe¥ ugÓ d`h tkrÓ D;kÍfd`— (A) buds` ewY;kÍ d`k vuqeku laHo ugÓ gS (B) buls nksgjh x.uk d`h leL;k mRiUu gks tkrh gS (C) bud`ks miHksx vƒok mRiknu gsrq mi;qDr ugÓ ekuk tk ld`rk (D) ,slh d`ksbZ oLrq,∑ gksrh gh ugÓ gß D¥kfld`h; lefÆV (Classical macro) vƒZO;oLƒk eÍ ekSfnzd` etnwjh eÍ fxjkoV d`k ^Hko gksxk— (A) jkstxkj eÍ o~f* (B) jkstxkj eÍ d`eh (C) d`her Lrj eÍ o~f* (D) d`her Lrj eÍ fxjkoV d`j-NwVkÍ ds` lEcU| eÍ] Hkjrh; ljd`kj fuEu eÍ ls fd`l i*fr ij tkuk pkgrh gS = (A) EET i*fr (B) EEE i*fr (C) TEE i*fr (D) TTE i*fr Effect) ds`Ulh; jkstxkj fl*kUr eÍ fuosæ 10. ds`Ulh; jkstxkj rƒk vk; fl*kUr (D) okLrfod` æs " ^Hko (Real œ`¥u O;k“;k d`jrk gS— fd`l ^d`kj d`h csjkstxkjh d`k Balance Effect) fo'¥s". d`jrs gß— (A) ds`o¥ Lok;® (Autonomous) 17. ds`Ul pkj ^d`kj ds` cktkjkÍ d`k (A) ,sfPNd` (Voluntary) fuosæ d`h fo'¥s". d`jrk gS] fd`Urq ,d` ^d`kj (B) vuSfPNd` (Involuntary) (B) ,sls fuosæ d`h tks vk; ds` Lrj ds` cktkj d`h d`k;Z^.k¥h d`h O;k“;k ls ^Hkfor gksrk gS (C) ^PNUu (Disguised) ugÓ d`jrk\ og cktkj d`kSulk gS = (C) ,sls fuosæ d`h tks vk; d`h o~f* (D) lajpukRed (Structural) (A) eqnzk cktkj (B) ckW≥M cktkj ls ^Hkfor gksrk gS 11. Je foHktu ew¥r# lhfer gksrk gS— (C) Je cktkj (D) oLrq cktkj (D) ,sls fuosæ d`h tks C;kt nj ls (A) cktkj ds` foLrkj ls ^Hkfor gksrk gS 18. o"Z 2006–07 eÍ Hkjrh; fjÈtoZ cßd` (B) iw∑th xgu rd`uhd` ls tc ld`¥ fuosæ æwU; gks tkrk gS rks d`h uhfr d`k fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk (C) jkstxkj eÍ ¥xs Je d`h ek(k ls ,d` mˆs'; ugÓ gS = jkÆV_h; vk; d`ks æwU; gksus ls fuEu eÍ (D) ¥kH d`h nj ls ls d`kSu jksd`rk gS = (A) Hkjrh; :i;s ds` fofue; ewY; eÍ Lƒkf;Ro (A) rj¥rk tk¥ (Liquidity trap) 12. ds`Ulh; jkstxkj fl*kUr eÍ lexz ek∑x odz ` O;Dr d`jrk gS — (B) miHksx (Consumption) (B) cktkj eÍ rj¥rk ij fu;a(. (A) Je d`h ^R;kfær ek∑x (C) C;kt nj (Rate of Interest) (C) lk[ foLrkj ij fu;a(. (B) iw ∑ t h d`h ^R;kfær ek∑ x (D) xq.d` (Multiplier) (D) d`her Lrj eÍ Lƒkf;Ro

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1673

19.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls gk¥ ds` o"ksÛ eÍ d`kSulk Hkjr ds` dq`¥ eqnzk LVkWd` (M3) eÍ o~f* d`k lokZf|d` egRoiw.Z d`kjd` jgk gS = (A) turk ds` ^fr ljd`kj ds` d`jÍlh ns;rkvkÍ eÍ ifjorZu (B) okf.T; ”s( ds` cßd` lk[ eÍ ifjorZu (C) ljd`kj d`ks fn;s x;s cßd` lk[ eÍ ifjorZu (D) c߯d`x ”s( d`h fonsæh eqnzk ifjlEif®;kÍ eÍ ifjorZu 20. nloÓ ;kstuk eÍ fuEu eÍ ls lokZf|d` ^kƒfed`rk nh x;h ƒh = (A) d~`f" ”s( d`ks (B) m»ksx ”s( d`ks (C) lkekftd` lsokvkÍ ds` ”s( d`ks (D) ˜tkZ ”s( d`ks 21. fuEukafd`r eÍ ls Hkjr eÍ fu;kstu ds` fo®h;u d`k d`kSulk lk|u fiN¥h rhu iapo"hZ; ;kstukvkÍ eÍ ·vkBoÓ] ukSoÓ rƒk nloÓ eÍ‚ )`.kRed` jgk gS= (A) ljd`kj ds` jktLo [krs ds` æs" d`k vkf|D; (B) m|kfj;k∑ (Borrowings) (C) lkoZtfud` midz`e d`k vkf|D; (D) ghukƒZ ^cU|u (Deficit Finan-

25.

26.

27.

28.

cing) 22.

Hkjr eÍ jkT;kÍ ,oa jkÆV_ ds` xjhch d`k vuqeku ;kstuk vk;ksx fuEu eÍ ls fd`l vƒZækL(h ds` fn;s x;s lw( ds` 29. vk|kj ij ¥xkrk gS = (A) MkaMsd`j (B) feUgkl (C) ¥kd`ÈMok¥k (D) c|Zu 23. fuEu eÍ ls fd`l vo|kj.k d`k ^;ksx Hkjr eÍ csjkstxkjh ekiu ds` f¥;s ugÓ fd`;k tkrk gS = (A) lkekU; fLƒfr (Usual Status) (B) okf"Zd` fLƒfr (Yearly Status) (C) lkIrkfgd` fLƒfr (Weekly Status) (D) nSfud`

fLƒfr (Daily Status) 24. ,e\ vkj\ Vh\ ih\ (M.R.T.P.) 30. vf|fu;e d`ks ^frLƒkfir d`j fn;k x;k gS— (A) d`Eiuh laæks|u vf|fu;e 2001 }kjk (B) d`Eiuh f}rh; laæks|u vf|- 31. fu;e 2002 }kjk (C) d`EihVhæu vf|fu;e 2002 }kjk (D) ,d`kf|d`kj ¥kblÍl vf|fu;e 2002 }kjk izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1674

fuEukafd`r eÍ ls fd`l œ`l¥ ds` mRiknu eÍ m®j ^nsæ d`k Hkjr eÍ ^ƒe Lƒku ugÓ gS = (A) vk¥w (B) d`ikl (C) xUuk (D) xsgw∑ Hkjr ljd`kj us ,d` d`her fLƒjhd`j. d`ks" d`h Lƒkiuk d`h gS ftlls fd` fuEu ”s( eÍ mRiknd`kÍ d`h ”friwfrZ d`h tk lds`— (A) d`kœ`h ,oa pk; (B) vk¥w ,oa I;kt (C) jcÈM ,oa d`ikl (D) twV ,oa esLrk tokgj xzke le~f* ;kstuk rƒk lqfuf'pr jkstxkj ;kstuk d`ks lesfd`r d`j fo¥; d`j fn;k x;k gS — (A) Lo.Z t;Urh xzke Lojkstxkj ;kstuk eÍ (B) ^|kuea(h xzkeksn; ;kstuk eÍ (C) ^|kuea(h xzke fod`kl ;kstuk eÍ (D) lEiw.Z xzkeh. jkstxkj ;kstuk eÍ ¥ksd` ¥s[k lfefr (Public Accounts Committee) d`k xBu fd`;k tkrk gS— (A) jkÆV_ifr }kjk (B) ^|kueaa(h }kjk (C) laln }kjk (D) turk }kjk luΩ 1967 eÍ ^fl* n® lfefr d`k xBu fd`;k x;k ƒk— (A) ,d`kf|d`kfj;kÍ }kjk mRiUu leL;kvkÍ ds` v÷;;u ,oa lek|ku gsrq (B) fonsæh fofue; ds` mi;ksx d`h leL;kvkÍ ds` v÷;;u rƒk blds` laj”. ds` lq>kokÍ ds` f¥;s (C) fu;kZr fLƒjrk d`h leL;k ds` v÷;;u gsrq (D) m»ksxkÍ eÍ ¥kblÍÏlx d`h leL;kvkÍ ds` v÷;;u rƒk ¥kblÍÏlx O;oLƒk eÍ lq|kj gsrq Hkjrh; vkS»ksfxd` fod`kl cßd` d`h Lƒkiuk d`h x;h ƒh— (A) 1960 eÍ (B) 1964 eÍ (C) 1968 eÍ (D) 1969 eÍ ctV 2006–07 eÍ ;kstuk O;; eÍ o~f* d`h xbZ gS— (A) 15.7 ^frær (B) 18.4 ^frær (C) 19.6 ^frær (D) 20.1 ^frær

32.

fd`lh vƒZækL(h ds` vuqlkj vkfƒZd` voLƒkiuk (Economic infrastructure) d`k rkRi;Z fuEuf¥f[r eÍ fd`lls gS = (A) fo»qr — ifjogu — m»ksx (B) fo»qr — js¥os — m»ksx (C) fo»qr — ifjogu — fu;kZr (D) fo»qr — ifjogu — fæ”k 33. Hkjr eÍ fæf”r csjkstxkjh d`k lokZf|d` ^frær fd`l ^nsæ eÍ gS = (A) fcgkj (B) mMhlk (C) if'pe caxk¥ (D) ds`j¥ 34. Hkjr d`h ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` jktLo ?kVs d`ks d`e d`jus ds` f¥;s fuEu eÍ ls fd`ld`k ^;ksx ugÓ fd`;k tkrk gS = (A) foæs" vkgj. vf|d`kj (SDR) (B) vfrfjDr d`j (Additional Tax) (C) lkoZtfud` midz`ekÍ d`k (D) d`kiksZjsV d`j jktLo 35.

36.

37.

38.

39.

¥kHkaæ

vk; d`h vis”k O;; d`j ns; ”erk d`k csgrj fu|kZjd` gS] ;g fopkj gS— (A) ,\ ih\ ¥uZj d`k (B) ,u\ ds`YMkj d`k (C) vkj\ ts\ p¥S;k d`k (D) ,¥\ ds`\ >k d`k ‘vkSipkfjd`’ (Formal) rƒk ‘^Hkoh’ (Effective) d`jkikr lad`Yiuk d`k ^;ksx fd`;k gS — (A) ,u\ ds`YMkj us (B) ,\ ih\ ¥uZj us (C) ;w\ fgDl us (D) ,\ lh\ ihxw us d`j ns; ”erk fl*kUr ds` vUrxZr d`jkÍ d`h ^xfræh¥rk d`k loZJsÆB mnkgj. rc ^nfæZ r gks x k tc fuEukafd`r O;oLƒk eÍ ge viuk;Íxs — (A) leku dq`¥ R;kx (B) leku vkSlr R;kx (C) leku lhekUr R;kx (D) leku okLrfod` R;kx d`j d`h nj ,oa d`j tfur vk; ds` lEcU| d`ks ^nfæZr d`jus ok¥k odz` gS— (A) fœ`f¥Il odz (B) ¥kjsUt odz (C) vkstkbo odz (D) ¥Sœ`j odz oSxuj ds` vuqlkj ,d` vPNh d`j O;oLƒk og gS— (A) tks leqfpr vk; l~ftr d`j lds`\

(B) (C)

40.

41.

42.

43.

44.

45.

ftlls vk; d`h vlekurk,∑ ?VÍ\ ftld`h d`j vk; l~ftr d`jus d`h ¥kxr d`e gks\ (D) ftlls vlarks" (Dissatisfaction) d`e gks\ fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSulk Hkjrh; la? ctV ds` jktLo vk; d`k lzksr ugÓ gS= (A) lkoZtfud` midz`ekÍ }kjk d`ek;s tkus ok¥k ¥kH (B) Hkjrh; fjÈtoZ cßd` }kjk vftZr lhuk;jst (Seigneurage) ·vf|d~`r olw¥h‚ (C) lkoZtfud` midz`ekÍ ds` fofuosæ }kjk vftZr vk; (D) mRiknu æqYd` (Excise duty) vYi fod`flr jkÆV_kÍ eÍ cpr ml vuqikr eÍ ugÓ cÈ
izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1675

(C) (D)

pkfg;s\ bld`k foijhr Hh lR; gS\ vkj\ uDlZ us bl fopkj d`k ^friknu fd`;k— bZ\ MCY;w\ Ïlxj us (A) vkj\ ,œ`\ gSjkM us 46. U;wu vk; ok¥s ,sls jkÆV_ tks fod`kl (B) ts\ ,¥\ fe¥ us d`j ikus eÍ vleƒZ gß mud`h vkfƒZd` (C) ts\ vkj\ fgDl us næk d`ks πvkHkl LƒSfrd` lkE;∏ (D) ,œ`\ gs;d` us (Quasi Stable Equilibrium) ds` Ôi eÍ O;k“;kf;r fd`;k gS— 52. ekuo fod`kl jiV d`k ^d`kæud`rkZ gS— (A) xqUukj fejM¥ us (A) fo'o cßd` (B) ,\ MCY;w\ ¥sfol us (B) vUrjkZÆV_h; eqnzk d`ks" (C) ,p\ ¥kbcsULVhu us (C) la;qDr jkÆV_ fod`kl d`k;Zdz`e (D) vkj\ us¥lu us (D) la;qDr jkÆV_ vUrjkZÆV_h; ck¥ 47. ek∑x d`h iwjd`rk ds` fopkj d`k ^kjEH vkd`fLed` d`ks" ekuk tk ld`rk gS— 53. lkekftd` }Sr (Social Dualism) d`k (A) lUrqf¥r fod`kl ds` fl*kUr ls fl*kUr ^Lrqr fd`;k ƒk— (B) vlUrqf¥r fod`kl ds` fl*kUr (A) ts\ cksbds` us ls (B) ts\ ds`\ xk¥czk;ƒ us (C) ls ds` cktkj fl*kUr ls (C) ts\ ds`\ esgrk us (D) fjd`kMksZ ds` fod`kl ds` fl*kUr (D) ts\ ,¥\ usgÔ us ls 54. cßÏd`x lq|kj lfefr d`ks fuEu eÍ ls 48. fd`lh mRiknu ds` lk|u d`k okLrfod` fd`l uke ls Hh tkuk tkrk gS = nq¥ZHrk (Scarcity) ewY; gksrk gS (A) VUMu lfefr mld`k— (B) jaxjktu lfefr (A) cktkj ewY; (Market Price) (C) jsçh lfefr (B) ^æklfud` ewY; (Administered (D) ujflEge lfefr price) 55. Hkjr eÍ ‘lsok d`j’ (Service Tax) (C) leƒZu ewY; (Support price) fd`l fo®h; o"Z ls ^kjEH fd`;k x;k (D) Nk;k ewY; (Shadow price) ƒk = (A) 1994–95 (B) 1996–97 49. gk¥ ds` o"ksÛ eÍ ftl ”s( ds` fgLls (C) 1998–99 (D) 2000–01 d`h Hkjr d`h jkÆV_h; vk; ds` ;ksxnku eÍ lokZf|d` o~f* gqbZ gS] og gS— 56. fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSulh fof| (A) lsok ”s( (Service Sector) p;ukRed` lk[ fu;a(. (Selective Credit Control) d`h fof| ugÓ gS = (B) fonsæh O;kikj ”s( (Foreign (A) uSfrd` ncko (Moral Suasion) Trade) (B) ekftZu vko';d`rkvkÍ eÍ ifjorZu (C) ek¥ mRiknu ”s ( (Manu(C) ud`n vkjf”r vuqikr eÍ facturing Sector) ifjorZu (D) d~`f" ”s( (Agricultural (D) foHsnkRed `(Differential) C;kt Sector) njÍ 50. vYi fod`flr jkÆV_kÍ eÍ vkfƒZd` lao~f* d`h leL;k vk; mR^sjd` (Income 57. gfjr ckWDl o Hwjs ·,Ecj‚ ckWDl mik;kÍ d`k lEcU| gS— stimulating) ,oa vk; volknd` (A) rVd`j (Tariff) d`h ^o~f® ls (Income depressing) æfDr;kÍ d`h (B) lkgf;d`k (Subsidy) ds` ^Hko jLlkd`æh ds` Ôi eÍ ^nfæZr gksrh gS\ ls ;g fopkj gS— (C) ^nw". fu;a(. mik;kÍ ls (A) vkj\ usYlu d`k (D) nokvkÍ ds` isVsUV ls (B) ,p\ ¥kbcsULVhu d`k 58. vUrfuZfgr jkÆV_h; vk; voLœ`hrd` (C) ih\ ,u\ jkstsULVhu jksMku d`k (Income Deflator) ,d` ^d`kj ds` (D) ,\ vks\ gæZeSu d`k ewY; lwpd`kad` d`k ^rhd` gS] ftls d`grs gß— 51. tc vƒZO;oLƒk eÍ vR;f|d` rhoz (A) ¥kLis;j d`k lwpd`kad xfr ls lao~f* gksrh gS rks mRiknd` lksprs gß fd` bls vkSj rsth ls cÈ
(C) (D)

59.

60.

61.

62.

63.

ekæZ¥ d`k lwpd`kad ikæs d`k lwpd`kad` ds`YMkj-fgDl ”friwfrZ ekin≥M ds` vuqlkj ,slh vkfƒZd` uhfr eÍ ifjorZu lekt d`Y;k. eÍ o~f* d`jrk gS ftleÍ — (A) ;fn ¥kHkƒhZ ”fr mBkus ok¥kÍ d`h ”fr Hj gh iwjh d`j lds`\ (B) ;fn ¥kHkƒhZ ”fr mBkus ok¥kÍ d`h ”friwfrZ ds` i'pkrΩ dq`N ¥kH vius ikl j[ lds`\ (C) ”fr mBkus ok¥s uhfr ifjorZu d`k fojks| u d`jÍ\ (D) ”fr ^kIrd`rkZ ¥kHkfƒZ;kÍ d`ks bl ckr ds` f¥;s jkth d`j lds` fd` iwoZ fLƒfr gh csgrj ƒh\ fuEukafd`r eÍ ls fd`l ns;rk d`k nkf;Ro Hkjr ljd`kj d`k ugÓ gS = (A) bfUnjk fod`kl-i( (B) fd`lku fod`kl-i( (C) Vs_tjh fc¥ (D) lkoZtfud` midz`ekÍ ds` æs;j ds`Ul ds` vuqlkj rj¥rk tk¥ (Liquidity trap) d`h næk eÍ eqnzk iwfrZ eÍ gq;h d`ksbZ Hh o~f*— (A) jkstxkj] fuosæ rƒk C;kt nj d`ks ^Hkfor ugÓ d`jsxh\ (B) d`her Lrj] cpr nj rƒk fuosæ nj d`ks ^Hkfor ugÓ d`jsxh\ (C) d`her Lrj ^Hkfor ugÓ gksxk fd`Urq cpr o fuosæ cÈ<sxk\ (D) C;kt nj ^Hkfor ugÓ gksxh fd`Urq cpr o fuosæ cÈ<sxk\ Hkjrh; LVsV cßd` d`h Lƒkiuk fd`l lfefr d`h flœ`kfjæ ij gq;h ƒh = (A) Jkœ` lfefr (B) xksjsok¥k lfefr (C) fgYVu ;ax lfefr (D) eqnkf¥;j lfefr ?js¥w mRiknd`kÍ ds` f¥;s leku lqfo|k (level playing field) mi¥C| d`jkus ds` f¥;s fuEu eÍ ls fd`l uhfr d`k ^;ksx ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk = (A) jkfæ ikru (Dumping) fojks|h mik; (B) rVd`j d`k ^;ksx d`j vk;krkÍ d`ks lajf”r d`juk (C) vk;krkÍ ij ifjek.kRed` fu;a(. ¥xkuk (D) mRiknu pqafx;kÍ eÍ d`eh

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1676

64.

65.

66.

67.

68.

69.

Hkjr d`h O;kikj uhfr eÍ )`.kRed` lwph (Negative List) mu oLrqvkÍ d`h lwph gS ftud`k— (A) O;kikj xSj-d`kuwuh (Illegal) gS (B) ftud`k O;kikj fuf"* (Prohibit) gS\ (C) ftUgÍ O;fDr ,oa laLƒk,∑ ugÓ eaxk ld`rs\ (D) ftud`k O;kikj ;k rks ^frcfU|r gS] ;k fu"sf|r gS ;k dS`uk¥kbTM ·ds`o¥ fofæÆV laLƒkvkÍ ds` }kjk vk;kr fd`;k tk lds`‚\ voewY;u ds` vYid`kf¥d` ,oa nh?Zd`kf¥d` ^HkokÍ d`k ^næZu fd`;k tk ld`rk gS— (A) vkstkbo odz` }kjk (B) ts ^d`kj ds` odz` }kjk (C) ¥kjsUÈt odz` }kjk (D) O;kikj rVLƒrk odz` }kjk vejhd`h MkW¥j d`ks Lo.Z lerk ^nku d`jus ok¥k fLeƒlksfu;u (Smithsonian) le>kSrs ij fuEu eÍ ls fd`l lewg }kjk gLrk”j fd`;s x;s ƒs = (A) lewg 10 ds` }kjk (B) G–8 nsækÍ }kjk (C) G–15 nsækÍ }kjk (D) rRd`k¥hu vUrjkZÆV_h; eqnzk d`ks" ds` lnL;kÍ }kjk vUrjkZÆV_h; vƒZækL( eÍ ‘nkfjnz;tU; fod`kl’ (Immiserizing growth) d`h vo|kj.k ds` ;ksxnku d`k Js; gS— (A) cs¥k cs¥klk d`ks (B) iìk nslkbZ d`ks (C) ts\ ,u\ Hxorh d`ks (D) ,\ ds`;judz`kl d`ks fuEukafd`r okD;kaækÍ eÍ ls d`kSulk fu;kZr leku m»ksxkÍ ij ¥kxw gksrk gS = (A) tCræqnk (confiscated) lkekukÍ ds` fu;kZr ls ^kIr vk; (B) i;ZVu m»ksx ls ^kIr vk; (C) ,slh oLrq tks jkÆV_ ds` cUnjxkgkÍ ds` ckgj Hsth gh u tk;s (D) migkj vkSj lSEi¥ ds` fu;kZr ^æqYd` d`h og nj] ftlds` vkxs O;kikj d`h ærksÛ eÍ lq|kj gksus ls ^kIr gksus ok¥s ¥kH d`h rq¥uk eÍ O;kikj d`h ek(k eÍ d`eh ls gksus ok¥h gkfu vf|d` gksus ¥xrh gS] d`ks d`gk tkrk gS— (A) æwU; ^æqYd` (Zero Tariff)

(B) vf|d`re ^æqYd` (Maximum Tariff) (C) vuqdw`¥re ^æqYd` (Optimum Tariff) (D) jktLo vf|d`re d`jus ok¥k

^æqYd` 70. lhek la? ds` O;kikj ^R;korZu ^Hko (Trade Diversion Effect) d`k ^næZu fd`;k ƒk% (A) ts\ okbuj us (B) oh\ vksgf¥u us (C) ts\ dw`ieSu us (D) vkj\ e≥Ms¥ us 71. ‘lEiw.Z foi.u vf|d`kj’ (Exclusive Marketing Rights) d`h lqfo|k Hkjr ljd`kj mUgÓ d`ks ^nku d`jrh gS tks— (A) m»eh vius mRikn isVsUV d`h ^kƒZuk Mkd` cDlk ^.k¥h (Mail Box) ds` ek÷;e ls d`jrs gß\ (B) m»eh vius gsrq mRikn isVsUV ^kIr d`j pqds` gkÍ\ (C) lkoZ t fud` midz ` e (Public Sector Undertakings) gß (D) fonsæh m»eh ^fr xkjUVh (Counter Guarantee) ^kIr d`j pqds` gkÍ\ 72. ‘lkekU; )`. le>kS r k’ uked` le>kSrk fd`lds }kjk fd`;k x;k gS = (A) ikfd`Lrku ljd`kj }kjk (B) Hkjr ljd`kj }kjk (C) vUrjkZÆV_h; eqnzk d`ks" }kjk (D) vUrjkZÆV_h; iqufuZekZ. o fod`kl cßd` }kjk 73. fuEuf¥f[r eqˆkÍ eÍ ls d`kSulk eqˆk fo'o O;kikj laxBu ds` d~`f" le>kSrs d`k ugÓ gS = (A) chtkÍ d`k isVsUV (B) fu;kZr jkt lgk;rk (C) cktkj igq∑p (Market Access) (D) ifjek.kRed` fu;a(. gVkuk 74. fo'o O;kikj laxBu d`h fd`l ea(h Lrjh; cSBd` d`k eq“; eqˆk LokLF;] fpfd`Rlk o vkS"f|;k∑ ƒk = (A) fl;sV¥ (B) nksgk (C) ds`ud`u (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 75. ‘u;h vUrjkZÆV_h; vkfƒZd` O;oLƒk’ (New International Economic Order) d`h vo|kj.k la;qDr jkÆV_

la? ds` ‘ekuokf|d`kj vf|osæu’ (B) d`kih jkbV d`kuwu (Copy Right (Human Rights Convention) rƒk Laws) ds` vUrxZr ‘jkT;kÍ ds` d`®ZO;’ vf|osæu ds` ckn (C) xqIr lw( d`kuwu ds` vUrxZr ^eq [ rk ls mHjh gS \ mijks D r (D) vkS»ksfxd` Ôikd~`fr d`kuwu ds` vf|osæu lEiUu gq;s— vUrxZr (A) 1945–46 eÍ (B) 1953–54 eÍ 82. orZeku eÍ foæs" vkgj. vf|d`kj d`h (C) 1965–66 eÍ (D) 1973–74 eÍ ,d` bd`kbZ ewY; ds` fu|kZj. d`k 76. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk fl*kUr vk|kj gS— vUrjkZÆV_h; O;kikj d`k gS = (A) ,d` vkßl Lo.Z d`k ewY; (A) d`kSæ¥ vtZu d`k fl*kUr (B) MkW¥j ·vesfjd`h‚ d`k vkSlr ewY; (B) O;wguhfrd` O;kikj d`k fl*kUr (C) fo'o d`h 14 eqnzkvkÍ ds` Hkfjr (C) mRikn pdz` d`k fl*kUr vkSlr ij (D) vlekurk O;kikj d`k fl*kUr (D) fo'o d`h 5 eqnzkvkÍ ds` Hkfjr vkSlr ij 77. fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSulk jkÆV_ 11 fnlEcj] 2001 d`ks fo'o O;kikj 83. fuEu eÍ ls Hkjr eÍ d`j lq|kjkÍ d`k laxBu d`k lnL; cuk gS = d`kSulk ,d` mˆs'; ugÓ jgk gS = (A) vkWfLV_;k (B) Ôl (A) v^R;” d`j/th\Mh\ih\ vuqikr d`ks lq|kjuk\ (C) pspsU;k (D) phu (B) d`j/th\Mh\ih\ vuqikr d`ks 78. ,d` nsæ ds` fonsæh fofue; d`k iwfrZ lq | kjuk\ odz` ck;Í ls nk;Í |ukRed`
(B)

jkT; ds` cÈ
fu;e (C)

88.

89.

90.

91.

jkT; ds` cÈ
S Z

A O

(A) Δ RPZ (C) Δ AZQ 92.

Q

d X

(B) Δ AOQ (D) Δ APZ

vYikf|d`kj eÍ ek∑x odz` fodqa`fpr gksrk gS\ ;g vo|kj.k ^frikfnr d`h xbZ rƒk bld`k vkuqHfod` ijh”. fd`;k x;k — (A) dz`eæ# fLVx¥j vkSj eSd`¥i }kjk (B) dz`eæ# Lohth vkSj eSd`¥i }kjk (C) dz ` eæ# Lohth vkS j fLVx¥j }kjk (D) dz`eæ# Lohth vkSj ,d`¥s }kjk

93.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh ekU;rk (B) ^frfuf| œ`eZ (Representative D¥kfld`¥ vƒZækL( eÍ fufgr ugÓ gS= firm) (A) iw.Z ^fr;ksfxrk (C) vuqdw`¥re œ`eZ (Optimum (B) iw.Z jkstxkj firm) (C) eqnzk d`h rVLƒrk (D) ^frfÆBr œ`eZ (Reputed firm) (D) ¥kspiw.Z d`herÍ 100. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ etnwjh d`ks" fl*kUr 94. forj. ds ` lhekUr mRiknd`rk (Wage fund theory) ds` ^friknd` fl*kUr d`k ^friknu fd`;k ƒk— gß— (A) ts\ ch\ D¥kdZ` us (A) ekæZ¥ (B) ch\ csodZ` us (B) d`k¥Z ekDlZ (C) ts\ fe¥ us (C) Vh\ vkj\ ekYƒl (D) Vh\ ekYƒl us (D) ts\ ,l\ fe¥ 95. miHksDrk d`h ctV js[k gS— 101. vk; rƒk ^frLƒkiu ^Hko d`h 2x + 5y = 50 O;k“;k ds` f¥;s ¥kxr vUrj fof| tgk∑ x rƒk y oLrqvkÍ d`h miHksx d`k ^;ksx fd`;k ƒk— ek(k gS rƒk miHksDrk d`h vk; gS (A) fgDl us (B) L¥qVLd`h us 50\ bl ctV js[k d`k
106.

¥kxr o~f* fu;e ds` vUrxZr ifjorZuæh¥ lk|u d`k lhekUr mRikn — (A) ?Vrk gS (B) fLƒj jgrk gS (C) cÈ
Je la?kÍ d`ks lkewfgd` lkSnsckth rc etnwjh njkÍ d`ks ^Hkfor ugÓ d`j ik;sxh tc cktkj fuEuorΩ gks— (A) ,d`kf|d`kj (Monopoly) (B) ,d`kf|d`kjkRed` ^fr;ksfxrk (Monopolistic competition) (C) foHsnkRed` ,d`kf|d`kj (Discriminating monopoly) (D) iw.Z ^fr;ksfxrk (Perfect competition)

110.

cxZlu ekin≥M lEcfU|r gS— (A) Je vƒZækL( ls (B) vkS»ksfxd` vƒZækL( ls (C) d`Y;k. vƒZækL( ls (D) d~`f" vƒZækL( ls 111. ;fn A vkSj B nks oLrqvkÍ d`h vkÈMh ek∑x d`h ¥ksp æwU; gks rks vf|d`kf|d` laHkouk bl ckr d`h gS fd` os oLrq,∑ gS— (A) ,d` tSlh (Similar) (B) vlEcfU|r (Unrelated) (C) iwjd` (Complementary) (D) LƒkukiUu (Substitutes) 112. fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d`kf|d`kjh ds` f¥;s lR; gS = (A) MR/AR =

e–1 e

e+1 e e (C) MR/AR = e–1 e (D) MR/AR = e+1

(B)

tc mRiknd` ^R;sd` O;fDr ls fHUu d`her ^kIr d`jrk gS\ (C) tc mRiknd` fofHUu cktkjkÍ eÍ fHUu d`her ^kIr d`jrk gS\ (D) tc mRiknd` fud`V LƒkukiUu oLrq mRikfnr d`jrk gS\ 113. ,d` miHksDrk ds` ek∑x odz` d`ks fuEu 120. iw∑th xgurk (Capital deepening) eÍ ls fd`lls ^kIr fd`;k tk ld`rk gS= ls rkRi;Z gS— (A) d`her miHksx odz` ls (A) etnwjkÍ d`h la“;k eÍ o~f* ds` (B) vk; miHksx odz` ls d`kj. iw∑th d`h ek(k eÍ o~f* d`juk (C) rVLƒrk odz` ls (B) fn;s x;s iw∑th LVkWd` ds` lkƒ Je d`h ek(k d`ks cÈ
(A) – 6 (C) + 1

(B) + 6 (D) – 1 116. mRiknu fu#æs" ^es; (Product exhaustion theorem) vk|kfjr gS— (A) fLƒj iSekus ds` ^frœ`¥ fu;e

ij (B)

o|Zeku iSekus ds` ^frœ`¥ fu;e

ij (C)

Ökleku iSekus ds` ^frœ`¥ fu;e

ij (D)

mi;qZDr lHh ij 117. tqvkfj;kÍ ds` rVLƒrk odz` d`k ^;ksx fuEu eÍ ls fd`lds` ekiu gsrq fd`;k tkrk gS = (A) mi;ksfxrk (B) mRiknd`rk (C) C;kt (D) ¥kH 118. ,d`kf|d`kfjd` ^fr;ksfxrk d`h vo|kj.k d`k fod`kl fd`;k ƒk— (A) felst ts\ jkWfcUlu us (B) ih\ ,\ lSE;q¥lu us (C) vkj\ th\ Mh\ ,s¥u us (D) bZ\ ,p\ pSEcjf¥u us 119. fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSulk ^ƒe d`ksfV d`k d`her foHsn (Price discrimination) gS = (A) tc mRiknd` ^R;sd` bd`kbZ ds` f¥, fHUu-fHUu d`her ^kIr d`jrk gS\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1679

tgk∑

N =

d`ke ij ¥xs Jfed`kÍ d`h la“;k q = jkÆV_h; vk; eÍ etnwjh d`k Hkx Y = jkÆV_h; vk; W = etnwjh vƒkZrΩ etnwjh ?Vus ij jkstxkj Jfed`kÍ d`h la“;k cÈ<sxh\

22. (C)

¥d`ÈMkok¥k œ`kewZ¥s eÍ ægjh xjhch ds` f¥, vkS»ksfxd` Jfed`kÍ ds` miHksDrk ewY; lwpd`kad` ,oa xzkeh. ”s(kÍ eÍ d~`f" Jfed`kÍ ds` miHksDrk ewY; lwpd`kad` d`ks vk|kj cuk;k x;k gS\

23. (B) 24. (C)

MRTP vf|fu;e (1969) d`ks d`EihVhæu ,DV 2002 ·nsæ eÍ 14 tuojh] 2003 ls ^Hkoh‚ }kjk ^frLƒkfir fd`;k x;k\ 25. (B) d`ikl ds` mRiknu eÍ ig¥k] nwljk ,oa rhljk Lƒku dz`eæ# xqtjkr] egkjkÆV_ ,oa iatkc d`k gS\ 26. (A) 27. (D)

nksukÍ ;kstukvkÍ d`k lEiw.Z xzkeh. jkstxkj ;kstuk eÍ 25 flrEcj] 2001 d`ks fo¥; fd`;k x;k ƒk\ iqu# lEiw.Z xzkeh. jkstxkj ;kstuk d`k œ`jojh 2, 2006 ls ¥kxw jkÆV_h; xzkeh. jkstxkj xkj≥Vh d`k;Zdz`e (NREGP) eÍ fo¥; d`j fn;k x;k gS\

28. (C) 29. (D) 30. (B) IDBI tq¥kbZ 1964 eÍ xfBr gqvk\ 31. (D) 2006–07 ds` ctV eÍ ;kstuk O;; ,oa xSj ;kstuk O;; eÍ dz`eæ# 20.1% r ƒk 7.2% d`h o~f* d`h xbZ gS\ 32. (D) 33. (D) 34. (A) SDR ·foæs " vkgj. vf|d`kj‚

vUrjkZÆV_h; eqnzk d`ks" d`h fglkch eqnzk gS\ 35. (B) 36. (C)

mlqZ¥k fgDl us ‘vkSipkfjd`’ ‘^Hkoh’ d`jkikr eÍ Hs n fd`;k vkSipkfjd` d`jkikr d`j ds` ekSfnzd` d`ks crkrk gS] tcfd` ^Hkoh d`jkikr ds` vkfƒZd` ^HkokÍ d`ks crkrk gS\

37. (C) 38. (D)

¥Sœ`j odz` dq`¥ d`j vkxe ,oa lEcfU|r d`j njkÍ ds` chp lEcU| LiÆV d`jrk gS\

4. (A) 5. (C) 6. (B) 7. (C) James Duesenberry d`h

lkis” vk; ifjd`Yiuk ds` vuqlkj pk¥w vof| eÍ miHksx-vk; d`k vuqikr pk¥w vk; ,oa iwoZ rsth d`h vof| ds` vuqikr d`k œ`¥u ekuk tkrk gS\

39. (A) 40. (B) 41. (C) 42. (A) 43. (B)

jkstsULVhu jksMku us vius ^c¥ ^;kl fl*kUr eÍ rhu vfoHkT;rkvkÍ ,oa ckgjh cprkÍ d`k mY¥s[ fd`;k gS—(1) mRiknu œ`¥u d`h vfoHkT;rk] (2) ek∑x d`h vfoHkT;rk] (3) cprkÍ d`h iwfrZ eÍ vfoHkT;rk\

8. (A) 9. (D) 10. (B) 11. (A) 12. (C) vƒZO;oLƒk eÍ jkstxkj

ds` ,d` fuf'pr Lrj ij gq, dq`¥ mRiknu d`ks cspus ls ftruh dq`¥ jd`e ^kIr gksus d`h laHkouk gS\ og jkstxkj ds` ml Lrj ij dq`¥ ek∑x d`her gksrh gS ftls lexz ek∑x œ`¥u }kjk O;Dr d`jrs gß\

13. (C) 14. (D) fuosæ

,oa gS \ Hkj d`j

44. 49. 54. 56.

(C) 45. (C) 46. (C) 47. (A) 48. (D) (A) 50. (B) 51. (A) 52. (C) 53.(A) (D) 55. (A) (C) ud`n vkj”. vuqikr (CRR) lk[

fu;a(. d`h ,d` ifjek.kRed` fof| gS\

1

xq.d` = MPS

57. (B) 58. (A)

=5 16. (D) 17. (D) 18. (A) 19. (B) 20. (D) 21. (A)

¥kLis;js lwpd`kad` vk|kj o"Z ds` ewY;kÍ d`ks Hkj (Weight) ds` Ôi eÍ ¥srk gS\ vk|kj o"Z ds` ewY;kÍ d`ks Hkj ekud`j gh voLœ`hrd` (Deflator) d`h x.uk gksrh gS\

59. (B) 60. (C) 61. (A) 62. (B) 63. (D)

æs" i~ÆB 1701 ij

‘Hkjr eÍ vlk|kj. fuoklh’ (Not Ordinarily Resident) d`kSu gks ld`rk gS= (A) O;fâ`;kÍ d`k la? (B) d`Eiuh (C) fgUnw vfoHkftr ifjokj (D) lk>snkjh œ`eZ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu O;kolkf;d` 92. r~rh; prqƒZd` (Q3) d`k eku cjkcj iwokZuqeku (Business Forecasting) gksxk% d`k fl*kUr ugÓ gS= (A) ekf÷;d`k (Median) ds` 1·50 (A) lEHkO;rk (Probability) d`k (B) r~rh; næed` (Decile) ds` fl*kUr (C) 75ok∑ æred` (Percentile) ds` (B) f∂`;k–^frf∂`;k fl*kUr (D) bueÍ ls fd`lh ls Hh ugÓ (C) ,sfrgkfld` vuqHo (Analogy) fl*kUr 93. 200 nks inkÍ d`k ek÷; 48 rƒk ^eki fop¥u 3 gS\ bu inkÍ ds` oxksÛ d`k ;ksx (D) le; fo¥Ecu (Time Lag) gksxk% fl*kUr (A) 46260 (B) 462600 rq¥ukRed` vkfƒZd` fp´s eÍ 10,000 :\ (C) 28800 (D) 154200 d`k ^kjfEHd` O;; ?Vd`j 5,000 :\ 94. Hkjrh; tux.uk] 2001 ds` vuqlkj gks x;k\ bls ekuk tk,xk% Hkjr d`h tula “ ;k gS ·¥xHx‚% (A) ^kjfEHd` O;; d`k fo∂`; (A) 102 d`jksÈM (B) 101 d`jksÈM (B) pk¥w lEif® (C) 100 d`jksÈM (D) 104 d`jksÈM (C) ifjpk¥u ls ¥kH eÍ lek;kstu 95. r~fIr (Satisfaction) ds` fcUnq ij (D) mi;qZâ` eÍ ls dq`N Hh ugÓ lhekUr mi;ksfxrk gksxh% ,d` Hkjrh; ukxfjd` d`ks] tksfd` jkst(A) )`.kRed` (Negative) xkj gsrq fonsæ tkrk gS] fuoklh gksus (B) |ukRed` (Positive) ds` f¥, Hkjr eÍ d`e-ls-d`e Bgjuk (C) vf|d`re (Maximum) gksxk% (D) æwU; (Zero) (A) 182 fnu (B) 90 fnu 96. ^fl* iqLrd` ‘^cU|u d`k næZuækL(’ (C) 60 fnu (D) 180 fnu (Philosophy of Management) ds` vk;d`j vf|fu;e] 1961 ¥kxw gqqvk ¥s[d` gß% ƒk% (A) ,YVu es;ks (A) 1 v^S¥] 1962 d`ks (B) Mx¥l eSd`xzsxj (B) 1 ebZ] 1962 d`ks (C) vksf¥oj æsYMu (C) 1 twu] 1961 d`ks (D) gsujh œs`;ks¥ (D) 1 v^S¥] 1961 d`ks 97. fu;kstu d`ks d`k;Z ls v¥x d`jus d`k Î`f" œ`keZ ds` eSustj d`ks fe¥us ok¥k ^Lrko fd`lus fn;k= osru gksrk gS% (A) ihVj ,œ`\ M_d`j (A) isæs ls vk; (B) Î`f"–vk; (B) ,œ`\ MCY;w\ Vs¥j (C) iw∑th–vk; (D) osru ls vk; (C) gsujh œs`;ks¥ |kjk 44AB ds` vUrxZr fglkc–fd`rkc (D) vksf¥oj æsYMu d`k vads`”. vfuok;Z gS ;fn dq`¥ fc∂`h 98. ∏^cU|u d`k vƒZ gS iwokZuqeku rƒk vf|d` gks% fu;kstu] laxBu d`juk] vknsæ nsuk] (A) 30 ¥k[ :i, ls leUo; rƒk fu;a(. d`juk\π ;g (B) 40 ¥k[ :i, ls d`ƒu fd`lds` }kjk fn;k x;k gS= (C) 50 ¥k[ :i, ls (A) gsujh œs`;ks¥ (D) 60 ¥k[ :i, ls (B) ,œ`\ MCY;w\ Vs¥j fo®h; o"Z 2004–05 d`k d`j fu|kZj. (C) ÿh¥j o"Z d`kSulk gksxk= (D) jkWl ewjs (A) 2003–04 99. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l o"Z eÍ vkS»ks(B) 2004–05 fxd` uhfr ^Lrko ugÓ ?ksf"r gqqvk ƒk=

m®j ^nsæ ih\ th\ Vh\ ijh{kk] 3-9-2006 d`k g¥ iz'u-i(

91.

okf.T; xrkad` ls vkxs 78. vfxze ^kIr vk; gksrh gS% (A) ,d` lEif® (B) ,d` vk; (C) ,d` nkf;Ro (D) mi;qZâ` eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 79. ”friwjd` væqf*;k∑ (Compensating Errors) fe¥ku d`ks ^Hkfor d`jrh gß% (A) r¥iV ds` (B) vkfƒZd` fp´s ds` (C) ¥kH–gkfu [krs ds` (D) mi;qZâ` eÍ ls fd`lh ds` Hh ugÓ 80. ^frHwfr ^hfe;e d`k ^;ksx fd`l d`k;Z ds` f¥, ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk= (A) lnL;kÍ d`ks cksul vaæ nsus ds` f¥, (B) d`Eiuh ds` ^kjfEHd` O;;kÍ d`k vif¥f[r d`jus ds` f¥, (C) )`.i(kÍ ds` fuxZeu ij nh xbZ d`VkSrh d`ks vif¥f[r d`jus ds` f¥, (D) lnL;kÍ d`ks ¥kHkaæ nsus ds` f¥, 81. lrrΩ (Continuous) lkexzh tk∑p fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`k vax gS= (A) okf"Zd` lkexzh tk∑p (B) fujUrj lwph-i*fr (C) v] c] l fo'¥s". (D) ferO;;h vknsæ ek(k 82. lkexzh vkorZ vuqikr (Material Turnover Ratio) fd`lds` lkƒ laxzgk¥; eÍ mi¥C| lkexzh d`h vkSlr ek(k ds` vuqikr d`ks nækZrk gS= (A) ,d` fuf'pr vof| eÍ mi;ksx d`h gqbZ lkexzh d`h ek(k (B) ,d` fuf'pr vof| eÍ [jhnh gqbZ lkexzh d`h ek(k (C) ,d` fuf'pr vof| eÍ fuxZr gqbZ lkexzh d`h ek(k (D) mi;qZâ` eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 83. vtZu ^frœ`¥ vuqikr (Earnings Yield Ratio) ^fr vaæ vk; rƒk fd`lds` chp lEcU| nækZrk gS= (A) æq* ¥kH (B) lerk vaæ iw∑th (C) ^fr vaæ cktkj ewY; (D) ^fr vaæ ¥kHkaæ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1680

84.

85.

86.

87.

88.

89.

90.

(C) 2005–06 (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ

ugÓ

(A) 1948 (C) 1979

(B) 1956 (D) 1985

100.

vaækÍ ds` ^d`kj gksrs gß% (A) 4 (C) 2

101.

102.

103.

104.

108.

(B) 3 (D) 5

Hkjr eÍ fonsæh fofue; ^cU|u vf|fu;e ¥kxw fd`;k x;k% (A) 1 tq¥kbZ] 2000 ls (B) 1 twu] 1999 ls (C) 1 twu] 2000 ls (D) 1 tq¥kbZ] 1999 ls X rƒk Y ds` vfH^sj. fl*kUr (Motivation Theory) d`k ^friknu fd`;k x;k gS% (A) eSL¥ks }kjk (B) vk˜ph }kjk (C) gtZcxZ }kjk (D) eSsd`xzsxj }kjk Bsd`kÍ eÍ lksiku |kjk fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lls lEHkfor ifjorZukÍ ds` fo:* lqj”k ^nku d`jrh gS= (A) lkexzh Je o vU; O;;kÍ ds` ewY;kÍ ds` (B) Bsd`k ewY; ds` (C) ¥kH ^frær ds` (D) mi;qZâ` eÍ ls fd`lh ds` Hh ugÓ Hwwf;ÆBd`] ek÷; rƒk ekf÷;d`k eÍ d`kSulk lEcU| lgh gks ld`rk gS= (A) ek÷; > ekf÷;d`k > Hwf;ÆBd` (B) ek÷; > Hwf;ÆBd` > ekf÷;d`k (C) ek÷; < Hwf;ÆBd` > ekf÷;d`k (D) ek÷; = 3 ekf÷;d`k – Hwf;ÆBd` fcu i(d` (Bin Card) d`ks bl uke ls Hh tkuk tkrk gS% (A) LVkslZ i(d` (B) ∂`; i(d` (C) LVksj–d`hilZ i(d` (D) LVkWd` i(d` |kjk 205 (2A) ds` vuqlkj ,d` d`Eiuh d`ks d`e–ls–d`e fd`l jkfæ d`ks lap;kÍ eÍ gLrkarfjr d`juk vfuok;Z gS ;fn ¥kHkaæ d`h nj pqd`rk iw∑th ds` 20% ls vf|d` gS=

109.

110.

111.

d`jnkrk d`h Î`f" vk; mld`h xSj– Î`f" vk; eÍ rHh tksÈMh tk,xh tc% (A) d`jnkrk d`h Î`f" vk; 5,000 :i, ls vf|d` gks (B) tc d`jnkrk d`h Î`f" vk; 600 :i, rƒk xSj–Î`f" vk; 50,000 :i, gS (C) d`jnkrk d`h xS j –Î`f" vk; 50,000 :i, ls vf|d` gS (D) d`jnkrk d`h Î`f" vk; 5,000 :i, ls vf|d` rƒk xSj–Î`f" vk; 50,000 :i, ls vf|d` gks ^cU| d`ks ,d` ^f∂`;k ds` Ôi eÍ ifjHkf"r fd`;k x;k gS% (A) gsujh œs`;ks¥ }kjk (B) ,œ`\ MCY;w\ Vs¥j }kjk (C) ,YVu ek;ks }kjk (D) ihVj ,œ`\ M_d`j }kjk ‘fnokf¥;k’ (Insolvent) og O;fDr gS] tks% (A) vius nSfud` [pksÛ d`k Hqxrku u d`j ik, (B) vius d`jkÍ d`k Hqxrku u d`js (C) )`. ¥sd`j Hqxrku d`jus ls bud`kj d`j ns (D) vius )`.kÍ d`k Hqxrku u d`j lds` ‘vo¥afcr nkf;Ro’ (Contingent Liability) ,d` nkf;Ro gS% (A) tks orZeku eÍ ugÓ gS] ijUrq HfoÆ; eÍ gks tk,xk (B) tks fd`lh vU; O;fâ` }kjk pqd`k;k tk, (C) ftld`k gksuk ;k u gksuk HfoÆ; d`h fd`lh ?Vuk ij fuHZj gks (D) tks xr o"ksÛ eÍ u pqd`k;k x;k gks Î`f" Hwfe ls ^kIr fd`jk, d`h vk; gS% (A) Î`f" vk; (Agricultural In-

114.

bueÍ ls d`kSu d`k;kZ¥; ^cU|u d`k rRo ugÓ gS= (A) i;kZoj. (Environment) (B) lk|u (Means) (C) foi.u (Marketing) (D) ^cU|d`h; ;ksX;rk (Managerial Skills)

115.

,d` laxBu eÍ m®jnkf;Ro fufgr gksrk gS% (A) ¥kbu (Line) vf|d`kjh eÍ (B) LVkWœ` (Staff) vf|d`kjh eÍ (C) vukSipkfjd` (Informal) vf|d`kjh eÍ (D) mi;qZâ` lHh eÍ 116. LVkWd` d`k ud`n fo∂`; pk¥w vuqikr d`ks% (A) cÈ
O;kolkf;d` laxBu d`k ^kphu LoÔi gS% (A) lk>snkjh (B) ,d`¥ O;kikj (C) d`Eiuh (D) lgd`kjh mi∂`e 105. 119. d`j fu|kZj. o"Z 2006–07 ds` f¥, ,sls O;fâ` d`h osru ls vk; ij oS|kfud` d`VkSrh d`h jkfæ D;k gksxh ftld`h osru ls vk; 3,00,000 :i, ls vf|d` gS= 112. (A) 20,000 :\ (B) 25,000 :\ (C) 30,000 :\ (D) æwU; 106. come) 120. |kjk 80L d`h d`VkSrh d`ks lekIr d`j (B) vkd`fLed` vk; (Casual Infn;k x;k gS% come) (A) d`j fu|kZj. o"Z 2003–04 ls (C) O;kolkf;d` vk; (Business In(B) d`j fu|kZj. o"Z 2004–05 ls come) (C) d`j fu|kZj. o"Z 2005–06 ls (A) 5% (B) 2·5% (D) isæs ls vk; (Professional In(D) d`j fu|kZj. o"Z 2006–07 ls (C) 10% (D) 7·5% come) 107. lekes¥u ds` iwoZ ds` ¥kHkÍ d`h x.uk 113. ,d` O;fâ` tks ,d` vk|kj ærZ rƒk 121. ¥kxr ¥s[kad`u vk|kfjr gS% d`jrs le; lapk¥u O;;kÍ d`ks foHk(A) bd`gjk ¥s[k (Single Entry) ,d` vfrfjâ` ærZ d`ks iwjk d`jrk gS] ^.k¥h ij ftr fd`;k tkrk gS% og gksrk gS% (A) vk;xr rƒk i∑wthxr O;;kÍ ds` (B) Hkjrh; cgh-[krk (Book-keep(A) fuoklh (Resident) vk|kj ij ing) ^.k¥h ij (B) vfuoklh (Non-Resident) (B) le; vuqikr ds` vk|kj ij (C) nksgjk ¥s[k (Double Entry) (C) vlk|kj. fuoklh (Not^.k¥h ij (C) fc∂`h vuqikr ds` vk|kj ij Ordinarily Resident) (D) iw∑th vuqikr ds` vk|kj ij (D) mi;qZâ` eÍ ls fd`lh ij Hh ugÓ (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1681

122.

rhoz vuqikr (Quick Ratio) ,d` tk∑p gS% (A) æks|u (Solvency) ”erk d`h (B) ¥kHnk;d`rk d`h (C) fuÆiknu (Activity) ”erk d`h (D) rj¥rk (Liquidity) d`h 123. fd`l lEif® ij Ökl vuqes; gS= (A) iæq (B) pk; ds` ikS|s (C) O;kikj d`h “;kfr (D) isVs≥V 124. ,d` lkaln d`k osru fd`l æh"Zd` eÍ d`j ;ksX; gS= (A) osru (B) O;kikj vƒok isæs ls ¥kH (C) iw∑th ¥kH (D) vU; lk|ukÍ ls vk; 125. vk;d`j vf|fu;e d`h fd`l |kjk eÍ d`jnkrk d`ks ifjHkf"r fd`;k x;k gS= (A) |kjk 2(24) (B) |kjk 2(7) (C) |kjk 2(45) (D) |kjk 2(9)

m®j O;k“;k lfgr 78. (C) 79. (D) 80. (D) 81. (B) 82. (A) lkexzh fu;U(. ds` ”s( eÍ

lkexzh vkorZ vuqikr egRoiw.Z Hwfed`k vnk

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1682

(ii) lerk vaæ %os vaæ tks iwokZf|d`kj ugÓ gß\ (iii) LosV lerk vaæ%os lerk vaæ tks d`Eiuh ds` d`eZpkfj;kÍ vƒok lapk¥d`kÍ d`ks fuxZfer fd`, tkrs gß\ 101. (C) 102. (D)103. (A)104. (D)105. (C) 106. (C) 107. (B)108. (C) 109. (A)110. (D) 111. (C) mnkgj.kFkZ%Hquk, x, foi(kÍ d`k

83. 88. 93. 98. 99.

nkf;Ro] tekur d`k nkf;Ro] U;k;k¥; eÍ fopkjk|hu nkos vkfn\ ,sls lafnX| nkf;RokÍ d`ks rq¥ui( (Balance Sheet) eÍ lfEef¥r ugÓ fd`;k tkrk gS cfYd` rq¥ui( ds` vUr eÍ lwpukRed` fVIi.h ds` Ôi eÍ f¥[k tkrk gS\

(C) 84. (D) 85. (C) 86. (A) 87. (A) (D) 89. (B) 90. (C) 91. (C) 92. (C) (D) 94. (A) 95. (D) 96. (C) 97. (A) (A) 112. (A) 113. (A)114. (C)115. (A) (C) Hkjr eÍ fuEuf¥f[r o"ksÛ eÍ vkS»ks- 116. (C) LVkWd` ,d` pk¥w lEif® gS] Bhd` blh fxd` uhfr;kÍ d`k ^Lrko j[k x;k/tk ^d`kj ud`n (Cash) Hh ,d` pk¥w lEif®

pqd`k gS%

gS\ LVkWd` d`k ud`n fo∂`; d`jus ij pk¥w

vuqikr v^Hkfor jgsxk] D;kÍfd` pk¥w (i) 1948 d`h vkS»ksfxd` uhfr] lEif®;kÍ eÍ d`ksbZ ifjorZu ugÓ gksxk\ (ii) 1956 d`h vkS»ksfxd` uhfr] 117. (C) 118. (B) (iii) 1977 d`h vkS»ksfxd` uhfr] 119. (D) o"Z 2005–06 ls gh oS|kfud` d`VkSrh (iv) 1980 d`h vkS»ksfxd` uhfr] d`ks lekIr d`j fn;k x;k gS] vr# d`j (v) 1990 d`h vkS»ksfxd` uhfr] rƒk fu|kZ j . o"Z 2006–07 eÍ Hh d`ksbZ oS|kfud` (vi) 1991 d`h orZeku vkS»ksfxd` uhfr d`VkSrh ^kIr ugÓ gksxh\ 100. (B) vaæ rhu ^d`kj ds` gksrs gß% 120. (D) 121. (C)122. (D)123. (B) 124. (D) (i) iwokZf|d`kj vaæ%ftu vaækÍ d`ks ¥kHkaæ 125. (B) d`h ^kfIr rƒk iw∑th okilh eÍ ^kƒfed`rk gksrh gS\

●●●

okf"Zd` fjiksVZ 2006-07

miHksDrk eke¥s] [k» ,oa lkoZtfud` forj. {ks( eÍ izxfr%flagko¥ksd`u

d`h xbZ] tks 2005–06 eÍ 147·9 ¥k[ Vu jgh ƒh\ ☛ [k»kUukÍ d`k vkoaVu/mBku (Allocation of/Offtake of Foodgrains)

✪

(Progress in Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution Sector : An Overview) ✍ MkW\ vks\ ih\ jktiwr] Mh\ ,l-lh\ miHksDrk eke¥s] [k» vkSj lkoZtfud` forj. ea(k¥; (Ministry of Consumer

✪

Affairs, Food & Public Distribution), Hkjr ljd`kj ds` vUrxZr 2 foHkx gß%,d`[k» vkSj lkoZtfud` forj. foHkx (Department of Food & Public Distribution) ,oa nwljk%miHksDrk eke¥s foHkx (Department of Consumer Affairs) \ [k» ,oa lkoZtfud`

forj. foHkx ds` eq“; d`k;ksÛ eÍ [k»kUukÍ d`h ✪ olw¥h] lapk¥u] H≥Mkj. vkSj forj. ds` ckjs eÍ jkÆV_h; uhfr;k∑ rS;kj d`juk vkSj d`k;kZfUor d`juk\ lkƒ gh xjhckÍ gsrq lkoZtfud` forj.^.k¥h d`k d`k;kZUo;u d`juk] vuktkÍ ds` lEcU| eÍ lfClMh nsuk] ouLifr] fr¥gukÍ] ouLifr rs¥kÍ] [¥h vkfn ds` ewY; fu;U(.] vUrjkZT;h; O;kikj vkfn vkrs gß\ [k» ,oa lkoZtfud` forj. foHkx (Department of Food & Public Distribution, Hkjr ljd`kj‚ ☛ d`h okf"Zd` fjiksVZ%2006-07 ds` vk|kj ij fuEuf¥f[r ^eq[ mi¥fC|;k∑ gkfl¥ gqbZ gß% ✪

eq“;-eq“; ckrÍ

(Major Highlights)

☛

lkoZ t fud` forj. ^.k¥h (PDS– Public Distribution System)% ✪ vaR;ksn; vUu ;kstuk (AAY—Antyodaya Anna Yojana) d`k æqHkjEH fnlEcj] 2000 eÍ ,d` d`jksÈM fu|Zure ifjokjkÍ ds` f¥, fd`;k x;k\ bl ;kstuk eÍ jkT;kÍ ds` Hhrj ¥f”r lkoZtfud` forj. ^.k¥h eÍ ækfe¥ xjhch js[k ds` uhps (BPL–Below Poverty Line) jgus ok¥s ifjokjkÍ eÍ ls fu|Zure ifjokjkÍ d`h igpku d`j mUgÍ vf|d`re jkT;-lgk;rk nj ij 2 :\/fd`xzk xsg∑w rƒk 3 :\/fd`xzk pko¥ mi¥C| d`jkus d`h ifjd`Yiuk d`h xbZ gS\ vkjEH eÍ fuxZe d`h tks ek(k 25 fd`xzk/ ifjokj/ekg ƒh mls 1 v^S¥] 2002 ls cÈ
izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1683

✪

☛ ✪

ds`Unzh; ctV 2005–06 d`h ?ks".k ds` vuqlkj AAY eÍ BPL ds` 50 ¥k[ vkSj ifjokjkÍ d`ks ækfe¥ d`j bld`k vkSj foLrkj (3rd Expansion) fd`;k x;k gS ftlls bld`k d`ojst 2·5 d`jksÈM ifjokjkÍ rd` gks x;k gS vƒkZrΩ BPL d`k 38% vƒkZrΩ 2·5 d`jksÈM ifjokj bleÍ ækfe¥ gks x, gß\ lkoZtfud` forj. ^.k¥h (PDS ) d`ks vkSj lq^okgh cukus gsrq lHh jkT;kÍ/la? jkT; ”s(kÍ d`ks vuqnsæ tkjh fd`, x,] rkfd` FCI ds` xksnkekÍ ls mfpr nj nqd`ku rd` PDS d`h oLrqvkÍ d`ks ¥s tkus ok¥s V_d`kÍ/okgukÍ ds` vkxs ds` æhæs rƒk ihNs d`h vksj jkT; d`k uke] xa r O; txg] ftUl] ,ts≥V d`k uke ^eq[ Ôi ls ^nfæZr d`jÍ\ xzkeh. vukt cßd` ;kstuk (Village Grain Bank Scheme)% 1996–97 ds` nkSjku] ;g ds`Unzh; ^k;ksftr ;kstuk vkfnoklh xzkekÍ eÍ vukt cßd`kÍ d`h æqÔvkr d`h xbZ ftud`k eq“; mˆs'; ^kÎ`frd` vkink d`h vof| ds` nkSjku vƒok d`eh ds` ekSle ds` nkSjku Hq[ejh ds` f[¥kœ` lqj”k ^nku d`juk gS\ o"Z 2004-05 eÍ] tutkrh; d`k;Z eU(k¥; (Ministry of Tribal Affairs) us 4858 vukt cßd`kÍ d`h Lƒkiuk gsrq 10·26 d`jksÈM :i, fj¥ht fd`, x,] tcfd` o"Z 2005– 06 ds` nkSjku] 19·76 d`jksÈM :i, eatwj fd`,\ o"Z 2006–07 eÍ 6721 xzkeh. vukt cßd`kÍ ds` f¥, 41·85 d`jksÈM :i, eatwj fd`, x, ,oa o"Z 2007–08 eÍ 2000 vukt cßd` Lƒkfir d`jus ds` f¥, 16·91 d`jksÈM :i, d`h jkfæ d`k vuqeku ¥xk;k x;k gS\ [k»kUukÍ d`h olw¥h (Procurement of Foodgrains)–

☛ ✪

✪

✪

☛

✪

✪

✪

¥f”r PDS ds` varxZr] o"Z 2006–07 (April-December, 2006 vƒkZrΩ ig¥s 9 ekgkÍ eÍ‚ ds`Unzh; iw¥ ls xsg∑w vkSj pko¥ d`k mBku 226·231 ¥k[ Vu ƒk] tcfd` blh nkSjku fofHUu d`Y;k.d`kjh ;kstukvkÍ ds` varxZr mBku 37·528 ¥k[ Vu ƒk\ [k»kUukÍ d`k fu;kZr ,oa vk;kr (Export and Import of Foodgrains)% ds`Unzh; iw¥ ls [k»kUukÍ d`h fc∂`h d`h ;kstuk o"Z%2000 eÍ æqÔ d`h xbZ ƒh] rkfd` ds`Unzh; iw¥ eÍ tks vf|æs" LVkWd` (excess stock) gS mld`k fuiVku gks lds`] ftlls H≥Mkj. ,oa gS≥M¯¥x ij Hkjh O;; ls cpk tk lds`\ ds`Unzh; iw¥ eÍ xsgw∑ ds` ?Vs gq, LVkWd`] [q¥s cktkj eÍ xsg∑w d`h d`herkÍ ij fu;U(. j[us vkSj xsg∑w d`h ?js¥w mi¥C|rk d`ks cÈ
[jhœ` foi.u ekSle (KMS–Kharif Marketing Season) 2006–07 eÍ 128·7 ☛ ¥k[ Vu pko¥ d`h olw¥h d`h xbZ] tks (Amendment of the Sugarcane foxr o"Z (2005–06) d`h 133·41 ¥k[ (Control) Order—Distance between Vu d`h olw¥h ls d`e jgh\ two Sugar Factories) ✪ jch foi.u ekSle (RMS–Rabi ✪ xUuk [jhnus ds` f¥, phuh œS`fDV_;kÍ ds` Marketing Season)%2006–07 (April chp gksus ok¥h vLoLƒ ^frLi|kZ ls cpus to March) ds` nkSjku ds`Unzh; iw¥ ds` f¥, gsrq “Sugarcane (Control) Order– 92·2 ¥k[ Vu xsgw∑ d`h olw¥h (Procure) 1966” ds` }kjk nks phuh fe¥kÍ ds` e÷; 15

Mini Ratna Company) gS] d`ks vf|d` fd`eh d`h U;wure nwjh tÔjh gS] ¥sfd`u bl 15 fd`eh d`h visf”r nwjh cuk, j[us fo®h; æfDr;k∑ ,oa Lok;®rk ^n® d`jus eÍ d`fBukb;k∑ mRiUu gqbÛ] ;»fi 31 eÍ l”e gksxk\ vxLr] 1998 ds` ^sl uksV eÍ rƒk ✪ ds`Unzh; H≥Mkj. fuxe ds` e≥M¥ eÍ rhu mfY¥f[r 15 fd`eh d`h U;wure nwjh d`k d`k;Z æ h¥ funs æ d`kÍ (Directors) d`ks ekun≥M LoÔi eÍ funsækRed` gS vkSj fu;qDr d`jus d`h ^f∂`;k Hh vfUre pj. vfuok;Z ugÓ gS\ ;g U;wure nwjh d`k eÍ gS\ ^ko|ku ekStwnk phuh fe¥ rƒk ubZ phuh fe¥ ds` chp gS] u fd` 2 ^Lrkfor phuh ☛ [k» rs¥ (Edible Oils) ✪ ekpZ] 2006 ls lHh [k» rs¥kÍ ij 4% fe¥kÍ ds` chp\ d`h nj ls lhek æqYd` d`k foæs" vfrfjDr ☛ xUuk ^sl eM ·fu;a(.‚ vknsæ] 1959 æq Yd` ¥xk;k x;k gS\ ‘Vh\ vkj\ D;w\’ d`h fjih¥ (Repeal of the Sugarcane (TRQ—Tariff Rate Quota) ds` vUrxZr Press Mud (Control) Order, 1959) usik¥ ls vk;kfrr ouLifr (Vanaspati) ✪ o"Z 1959 ·15 v^S¥‚ eÍ ^sl eM (Press d`ks 8 vxLr] 2006 ls lhek æqYd` ds` Mud ;k ¥nksbZ‚ d`ks vko';d` oLrq ?ksf"r foæs" vfrfjDr æqYd` ls eqDr d`j fn;k fd`;k x;k ƒk ftleÍ ^ko|ku j[k x;k x;k gS\ fd` d`ksbZ Hh phuh mRiknd` ,sls ∂s`rk d`ks ✪ 1 ekpZ] 2006 ls ouLifr ij lhek æqYd` NksÈMd`j ^sl eM fo∂`; ugÓ d`jsxk ftlus d`ks 30% ls cÈ
d`k;Z∂`e vk;ksftr fd`, tkrs gß\ ☛ H≥Mkj. (Warehousing)

2002–03

11·3

19·80

2003–04

11·5

20·40

2004–05

11·8

21·13

2005–06

12·0 *

22·12*

*(Forecast)

*(Forecast)

(Source : Oil World Annual, 2005)

bu vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ls LiÆV gS fd` Hkjr eÍ [k» rs¥ miHksx ^fr O;fDr ·fd`xzk/o"Z‚ fo'o vkSlr ls d`kœ`h d`e gS\ bls lq|kjuk ✪ ‘Central Warehousing Corporation gksxk\ Rules, 1963’ d`ks laæksf|r d`jus ok¥h vf|lwpuk 1 fnlEcj] 2006 ls ^Hkoh gks ✪ eq“; [k» rs¥kÍ ds` nks lzksr gß ftud`h pqd`h gS\ ;g ds`Unzh; H≥Mkj. fuxe nsæ eÍ [srh d`h tkrh gS\ (i) ^kƒfed` (CWC) tks ,d` feuh jRu d`Eiuh (A lzksr%ew∑xœ`¥h] jsilhM/eLVMZ] lks;kchu]

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1684

lwjteq[h] fr¥] ukbtj] dq`lqe] vUMh vkSj v¥lh« (ii) f}rh;d` lzksr%ukfj;¥] foukS¥k (Cotton Seed) ,oa |ku d`h Hwlh (Ricebran); lks¥osUV ,DlV_SDVsM vkW;¥] o~ ” ,oa ou ew ¥ (Tree & Forest Origin). nsæ eÍ o"Z 2004–05 eÍ] dq`¥ [k» rs¥ mRiknu%80·97 ¥k[ Vu ,oa 2005–06 eÍ 90·57 ¥k[ Vu ·vuqekfur‚ gqvk\ ☛ vUrjkZÆV_h; lg;ksx (International Cooperation)

✪

Hkjr nks%vUrjkZÆV_h; fud`k;kÍ (International Bodies)—IGS (International Grains Council) ,oa ISO (International Sugar Organisation) d`k lnL; gS\ o"Z 2006–07 ds` f¥, Hkjr d`h lnL;rk vaænku ds` Ôi eÍ I G C d`ks 13,59,224 :\ d`k Hqxrku fd`;k x;k\

vU; xfrfof|;k∑

(Other Activities)

☛ Implementation of Right to Information Act, 2005%lwpuk d`k vf|d`kj vf|fu;e] 2005, 12 vDVwcj] 2005 ls ✪

^Hkoh gqvk gS\ turk d`h lwpuk ds` f¥, ‘Department of Food & Public Distribution’ d`h Website—www. fcamin,nic. in/ index.htm.

ij eSuqv¥ lesfd`r fd`, x, gß\ blh ^d`kj vU; lwpuk,a% ✸ ‘FCI’ (Food Corporation of India), ✸ ‘CWC’ (Central Warehousing Corporation), Directorate of Sugar, ,oa ✸ DVVO&F (Directorate of Vanaspati, Vegetable oils & Fats d`h Websites— http : // fci-web.nic.in/RTI/ Index. htm; fiew. com/cwc/ ,oa http : // fcamin. nic. in/right to information act. htm ∂`eæ# ns[h tk ld`rh gß\ ✪ Implementation of Official (Hindi) Language—FCI ,oa eq “ ;k¥; ^fr o"Z/fgUnh lIrkg/ i[okÈMk (Fortnight)/

ekg flrEcj eÍ eukrk gS] tks flrEcj] 2006 ekg eÍ Hh euk;k x;k\ ✪ Publication—‘National Institute (NSI), d`kuiqj

Sugar

·m\^\‚ }kjk v*Zokf"Zd` ‘bu-gkml’ rd`uhd`h if(d`k ‘ædZ`jk’ (Sharkara) ^d`kfær d`h tk jgh gS] ftleÍ xUus/xUuk lqxj rd`uhd` ij Hkoh vuqla|kukÍ ij ¥s[ ^d`kfær fd`, tkrs gß\ ✪ efg¥k læfDrd`j. (Women Empowerment)%jkÆV_h; efg¥k vk;ksx }kjk o"Z 1997 eÍ bl foHkx (Deptt. of Food & Public Distribution) eÍ ,d` efg¥k ls¥ (Women Cell) Lƒkfir d`h xbZ] rkfd` efg¥kvkÍ d`h d`k;Z fLƒfr eÍ lq|kj

æs" i~ÆB 1701 ij

cßd` vkWœ` egkjkÆV_ ·ih\vks\‚ ijh{kk] 4-11-2007 d`k g¥ iz'u-i(

rdZ`æfDr ijh”k ·Le~fr ij vk|kfjr‚ fuEuf¥f[r ik∑p la“;kvkÍ eÍ ,d` 06. d`ƒu% lHh œw`¥] œ`¥ gß\ la“;k vU; pkj ls fHUu gS\ ml d`ksbZ œ`¥] jl ugÓ gS\ fHUu la“;k d`ks Kkr d`jks\ dq`N jl] ^ksVhu gß\ (A) 115 (B) 145 lHh ^ksVhu foVkfeu gß\ (C) 95 (D) 155 fuÆd`"Z% (E) 75 I. dq`N foVkfeu œ`¥ gß\ 02. æCn ADEL ds` v”jkÍ ls fd`rus II. dq`N jl] foVkfeu gß\ lkƒZd` æCn cu ld`rs gß] tcfd` III. d`ksbZ Hh œw`¥] jl ugÓ gS\ ^R;sd` v”j d`ks ds`o¥ ,d` ckj (A) ds`o¥ I vkSj II vuqlj. d`jrs gß ^;ksx fd`;k tk,= (B) ds`o¥ I vkSj III vuqlj. d`jrs gß (A) ,d` Hh ugÓ (B) ,d` (C) I, II vkSj III lHh vuqlj. d`jrs (C) nks (D) rhu gß (E) rhu ls vf|d` (D) ds`o¥ II vkSj III vuqlj. d`jrs 03. æCn ADVERTISE eÍ ,sls fd`rus gß v”j ;qXe gß] ftuds` chp mrus gh (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ v”j gß ftrus fd` vaxzsth o.Zek¥k eÍ= 07. d`ƒu% dq`N ƒS¥s] lwV gß\ (A) ,d` Hh ugÓ (B) ,d` lHh lwV] iktkeÍ gß\ (C) nks (D) rhu dq`N iktkeÍ d`ehtÍ gß\ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ lHh d`ehtÍ] d`ksV gß\ 04. ;fn fd`lh lkads`frd` Hk"k eÍ FUEL fuÆd`"Z% d`ks $%#6 rƒk KITE d`ks @ ●7# I. dq`N iktkeÍ d`ksV gß\ f¥[k tkrk gS rks mlh Hk"k eÍ LIFE II. dq`N ƒS¥s] iktkeÍ gß\ d`ks fd`l ^d`kj f¥[k tk,xk= III. dq`N lwV] d`ksV gß\ (A) 6%$# (B) 6$%# (A) ds`o¥ I vkSj II vuqlj. d`jrs gß (C) 6★$# (D) 6%★# (B) flœZ` I vuqlj. d`jrk gS (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (C) flœZ` II vkSj III vuqlj. d`jrs gß 05. ;fn æ C n C U S T O M I Z E l H h (D) lHh vuqlj. d`jrs gß O;Utu] vius ig¥s v”jkÍ ls rƒk lHh Loj vius vx¥s ckn ds` v”jkÍ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ls foLƒkfir fd`, tk,a fœ`j lHh 08. d`ƒu% lHh iqLrdÍ` miU;kl gß\ v”jkÍ d`ks o.Z e k¥k ds ` vuq l kj dq`N miU;kl] d`fork,∑ gß\ vk;ksftr d`jÍ rks nk,a fljs ls pkSƒk dq`N d`fork,∑] d`gkfu;k∑ gß\ v”j D;k gksxk= d`ksbZ Hh d`gkuh] ewoh ugÓ gS\ (A) R (B) T (C) L (D) M fuÆd`"Z% (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ I. dq`N iqLrdÍ`] d`fork,∑ gß\ II. dq`N ewoh] miU;kl gß\ funsZæ%·^'u 6 ls 10 rd`‚ fuEuf¥f[r ^R;sd` ^'u eÍ pkj d`ƒu vkSj mlds` III. d`ksbZ Hh ewoh] miU;kl ugÓ gS\ ckn rhu fuÆd`"Z I, II vkSj III fn, x, gß\ (A) flœZ` I vuqlj. d`jrk gS vkid`ks fn, x, d`ƒukÍ d`ks lR; ekuuk gS\ (B) flœZ` I vkSj II vuqlj. d`jrs gß H¥s gh os loZfofnr rF;kÍ ls fHUu gkÍ\ (C) flœZ` ;k rks II ;k III vuqlj. lHh fuÆd`"ksÛ d`ks ifÈ<, vkSj rc r; d`hft, d`jrk gS fd` d`kSulk fuÆd`"Z fn, gq, d`ƒukÍ ls (D) d`ks bZ Hh vuqlj. ugÓ d`jrk gS rdZ`laxr Ôi ls fud`¥rk gS H¥s gh og lkekU; rF;kÍ ls ijs gks\ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 01.

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1685

09.

d`ƒu% lHh d`i cks¥ gß\ lHh cks¥ V_s gß\ dq`N V_s I¥sVÍ gß\ d`ksbZ I¥sV pEep ugÓ gS\ fuÆd`"Z% I. dq`N cks¥ I¥sVÍ gß\ II. dq`N d`i pEep gß\ III. d`ksbZ d`i pEep ugÓ gß\ (A) ds`o¥ I vuqlj. d`jrk gS (B) ds`o¥ II vuqlj. d`jrk gS (C) ds`o¥ II vkSj III vuqlj. d`jrs gß (D) lHh vuqlj. d`jrs gß (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 10. d`ƒu% dq`V VkWoj fi¥j gß\ dq`N fi¥j fcfYMaxÍ gß\ lHh fcfYMaxÍ Œ¥SV gß\ d`ksbZ Œ¥SV ed`ku ugÓ gS\ fuÆd`"Z% I. d`ksbZ fcfYMax ed`ku ugÓ gS\ II. dq`N VkWoj ed`ku gß\ III. dq`N VkWoj Œ¥SV gß\ (A) d`ksbZ vuqlj. ugÓ d`jrk gS (B) ds`o¥ I vuqlj. d`jrk gS (C) ds`o¥ II vkSj III vuqlj. d`jrs gß (D) lHh vuqlj. d`jrs gß (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ funsZæ%·^'u 11 ls 15 rd`‚ bu ^'ukÍ eÍ @, #, $, % vkSj ★ ^rhd`kÍ d`k fuEukuqlkj fHUu vƒksÛ eÍ ^;ksx fd`;k x;k gS% ‘A @ B’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘A, B ls NksVk ugÓ gS’\ ‘A # B’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘A, B ls u rks NksVk gS u cjkcj gS ’\ ‘A $ B’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘A, B ls u rks cÈMk gS u NksVk gS ’\ ‘A % B’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘A, B ls cÈMk ugÓ gS’\ ‘A ★ B’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘A, B ls u rks cÈMk gS u cjkcj gS’\ ^R;sd` ^'u eÍ lEcU| nækZus ok¥s pkj d`ƒu fn, x, gß] mlds` ckn rhu fuÆd`"Z I, II vkSj III fn, x, gß\ ;g ekurs gq, fd` fn, x, d`ƒu lR; gß] irk ¥xkb, fd` d`kSulk ·ls‚ fuÆd`"Z fuf'pr Ôi ls lR; gS ·gß‚\ 11. d`ƒu V $ Y, Y @ Z, Z % X, X#T fuÆd`"Z% I. T # Z II. X # Y III. Z ★ Y (A) d`ksbZ vuqlj. ugÓ d`jrk gS (B) ds`o¥ I vuqlj. d`jrk gS

(C)

ds`o¥ II vkSj III vuqlj. d`jrs

(D) I, II vkS j III lHh vuqlj. 18. ,d` buiq V d`k pj. II gS ‘ 5 3 d`jrs gß window 42 50 door lock key 36’ O;oLƒk d`ks iwjk d`jus ds` f¥, vkSj (D) ds`o¥ I vkSj III vuqlj. d`jrs (E) ds`o¥ I vkSj ;k rks II ;k III fd`rus pj.kÍ d`h vko';d`rk gksxh= gß vuqlj. d`jrs gß (A) rhu (B) pkj (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ funsZæ%·^'u 16 ls 20 rd`‚ ,d` (C) ik∑ p (D) N# 12. d`ƒu R @ J, J % F, F ★ E, buiqV ¥kbu fn, tkus ij eæhu uhps (E) bueÍ ls d`ks b Z ugÓ crk, x, vuqlkj O;ofLƒr rjhds` ls E%M pj.kÍ eÍ æCnkÍ vkSj la“;kvkÍ d`ks O;ofLƒr 19. ml buiqV d`k ik∑pok∑ pj. D;k gksxk fuÆd`"Z% I. M # J ftld`k ig¥k pj. gS ‘85 journey d`jrh gS\ II. F % M train 36 54 daily 28 mansion’= buiqV ¥kbu 56 dress fine shine 32 66 III. M ★ R (A) 85 train 54 mansion 28 72 offer (A) ds`o¥ I vuqlj. d`jrk gS journey daily 36 pj. I 72 56 dress fine shine 32 (B) ds`o¥ II vuqlj. d`jrk gS (B) 85 train 54 mansion journey 66 offer (C) ds`o¥ III vuqlj. d`jrk gS 36 daily 28 72 shine 56 dress fine 32 (D) ds`o¥ I vkSj II vuqlj. d`jrs gß pj. II (C) 85 train 54 mansion 36 66 offer (E) lHh vuqlj. d`jrs gß journey daily 28 pj. III 72 shine 66 56 dress fine (D) ,slk d`ksbZ pj. ugÓ gS 13. d`ƒu H # R, R @ L, L ★ W, 32 offer (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ W%F pj. IV 72 shine 66 offer 56 fuÆd`"Z% I. H # L 20. ml buiqV d`k vfUre pj. d`kSulk dress fine 32 II. F # L gksxk ftld`k nwljk pj. gS ‘63 Sour pj. V 72 shine 66 offer 56 fine 18 56 grapes healthy 32 rise’= III. H $ F dress 32

gß

(A) (B) (C)

ds`o¥ I vuqlj. d`jrk gS pj. VI 72 shine 66 offer 56 fine 32 dress ds`o¥ I vkSj II vuqlj. d`jrs gß pj. VI vfUre pj. gS vkSj pj. ds`o¥ II vkSj III vuqlj. d`jrs VI d`h vkmViqV vfUre vkmViqV gS\ gß (D) ds`o¥ ;k rks I ;k II vuqlj. mi;qZâ` pj.kÍ eÍ viuk, x, fu;ekÍ d`jrk gS ds` vuqlkj] fuEuf¥f[r ^R;sd` ^'u eÍ fn, x, buiqV ds` f¥, leqfpr pj. d`k (E) lHh vuqlj. d`jrs gß irk ¥xkb,\ 14. d`ƒu M # K, M $ F, F % Q, 16. ,d` buiqV d`k pj. IV gS ‘62 sound Q★H 56 sleep roam present 33 49’\ fuÆd`"Z% I. H # K fuf'pr Ôi ls buiqV D;k gksxk= II. Q # K III. Q @ M (A) (B)

(A) sound 62 sleep 56 roam present 33 49 (B) sleep sound 62 56 roam present 33 49 (C) 62 sound sleep 56 roam present 33 49 (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

ds`o¥ I vkSj II vuqlj. d`jrs gß ds`o¥ ;k rks I ;k II vuqlj. d`jrk gS (C) I, II vkS j III lHh vuqlj. d`jrs gß (D) ds`o¥ II vkSj III vuqlj. d`jrs gß 17. buiqV ds` f¥, rhljk pj. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk gS\ ‘jockey (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ firm 36 43 growth chart 22 45’= 15. d`ƒu D ★ Q, Q $ L, L # T, T%H fuÆd`"Z% I. D ★ L II. L @ H III. H ★ L (A) (B) (C)

ds`o¥ I vuqlj. d`jrk gS ds`o¥ I vkSj II vuqlj. d`jrs gß ds`o¥ ;k rks II ;k III vuqlj. d`jrk gS ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1686

(A) 45 jockey 43 growth firm 36 chart 22 (B) 45 jockey 43 firm growth 36 chart 22 (C) 45 jockey 43 growth 36 firm chart 22 (D) 45 jockey 43 firm 36 growth chart 22 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

(A) IV (C) VIII (E) bueÍ ls

(B) V (D) VII

d`ksbZ ugÓ funsZæ%·^'u 21 ls 25 rd`‚ uhps ^R;sd` ^'u eÍ ,d` d`ƒu vkSj mlds` ckn d`k;Zokgh ds` nks mik; I vkSj II fn, x, gß\ d`k;Zokgh ls rkRi;Z ml mik; vƒok ^ækld`h; fu.Z; ls gS tks leL;k] uhfr vkfn ds` lUnHZ eÍ lq|kj] vuqorZu ;k vkxs d`h tkus ok¥h d`k;Zokgh ls lEcfU|r gksrk gS\ d`ƒu eÍ nh xbZ tkud`kjh ds` vk|kj ij vkid`ks d`ƒu eÍ nh xbZ ^R;sd` ckr d`ks lgh ekuuk gS vkSj mlds` ckn r; d`juk gS fd` fn, x, lq>kokÍ eÍ ls d`kSulh d`k;Zokgh d`k;kZUo;u ds` f¥, rdZ`laxr Ôi ls vuqlj. d`jrh gS\ m®j nhft,% (A) ;fn ds`o¥ d`k;Zokgh I vuqlj. d`jrh gS\ (B) ;fn ds`o¥ d`k;Zokgh II vuqlj. d`jrh gS\ (C) ;fn ;k rks d`k;Zokgh I ;k d`k;Zokgh II vuqlj. d`jrh gS\ (D) ;fn u rks d`k;Zokgh I vkSj u gh d`k;Zokgh II vuqlj. d`jrh gS\ (E) ;fn I vkSj II nksukÍ d`k;Zokfg;k∑ vuqlj. d`jrh gß\ 21. d`ƒu%fd`lkukÍ d`ks nh tk jgh lgk;fd`;kÍ d`k nq:i;ksx ns[k x;k ƒk vkSj bls lEc* ^kf|d`kfj;kÍ ds` ÷;ku eÍ ¥k;k x;k ƒk\ d`k;Zokfg;k∑ I. ljd`kj d`ks lEc* vf|d`kfj;kÍ d`ks vko';d` nLrkostkÍ d`k

lR;kiu d`jrs le; vkS j lgk;d`h nsrs le; vf|d` d`ÈMkbZ cjrus vkSj lko|ku jgus ds` vknsæ nsus pkfg,\ II. lgk;d`h d`k x¥r nkok d`jus ok¥kÍ ds` f[¥kœ` ljd`kj d`ks d`Bksj d`kjZokbZ d`juh pkfg,\ 22. d`ƒu%e÷;e oxZ ds` d`k¥st tkus ok¥s fd`æksj o; ds` cPpkÍ eÍ egaxs d`iÈMkÍ vkSj lgk;d` oLrqvkÍ d`h vko';d`rk eÍ o~f* gksrh tk jgh gS\ d`k;Zokfg;k∑ I. d`kW¥stkÍ d`ks M_sl d`ksM ¥kxw d`juk pkfg,\ II. vU; cgqr lh oLrqvkÍ ds` egRo ij tksj nsrs gq, cPpkÍ d`ks ijkeæZ fn;k tkuk pkfg,\ 23. d`ƒu%,d` ed`ku ds` kSrk d`jus ok¥s fcYMjkÍ ds` f[¥kœ` ljd`kj d`ks d`ÈMh d`kjZokbZ d`juh pkfg,\ 24. d`ƒu%ekulwu ds` ^kjEH ds` lkƒ fofHUu egkekfj;kÍ ds` d`kj. lHh vLirk¥kÍ eÍ vf|d` la“;k eÍ jksxh vkus ¥xs gß\ d`k;Zokfg;k∑ I. ukxfjd` ^kf|d`j. d`ks ¥ksxkÍ d`ks U;wure vko';d` gkbthu ds` vuqik¥u d`h tÔjr ds` fo"; eÍ fæf”r d`juk pkfg,\ II. ukxfjd` ^kf|d`j. d`ks vLirk¥kÍ d`ks vko';d` nokb;kÍ vkSj vU; lqfo|kvkÍ ls lTt d`jus d`h O;oLƒk d`juh pkfg,\ 25. d`ƒu%vf|d` la“;k eÍ fo»kfƒZ;kÍ }kjk SSC ijh”k ikl d`jus ds` ifj.ke LoÔi cPps fujkæ gks x, gß D;kÍfd` mUgÍ vius ilUn ds` d`kW¥stkÍ eÍ ^osæ ugÓ fe¥ ik;k gS\ d`k;Zokfg;k∑ I. ljd`kj d`ks d`kW¥stkÍ d`ks lhVkÍ d`h la“;k cÈ
mlds` ckn v”j/^rhd` ds` pkj d`ksMc* la;kstu (A), (B), (C) vkSj (D) fn, x, gß\ vkid`ks uhps nh xbZ ;kstuk vkSj ærksÛ ds` vuqlkj vad`kÍ ds` lewg d`ks d`ksMc* d`juk gS\ vad`kÍ ds` lewg d`k lgh fuÔi. d`jus ok¥s la;kstu d`k vuq∂`ekad` vkid`k m®j gS\ ;fn d`ksbZ Hh la;kstu lgh ugÓ gS rks vkid`k m®j (E) vƒkZrΩ ‘bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ’] nhft,\ vad` v”j/^rhd` d`ksM

5 7 0 9 3 1 6 4 8 2 K E H $ Δ A J Q R@

ærsÛ% (i)

;fn ig¥k vkSj vfUre vad` fo"e gS rks muds` d`ksM ijLij cn¥ nsus gß\ (ii) ;fn ig¥k vad` le vkSj vfUre vad` fo"e gS rks nksukÍ d`ks fo"e vad` ds` d`ksM ls d`ksMc* fd`;k tkuk gS\ (iii) ;fn vafre vad` ‘0’ gS rks mls ‘X’ }kjk d`ksMc* fd`;k tkuk gS\ (iv) ;fn ig¥k vkSj vfUre vad` nksukÍ gh le gß rks mUgÍ ★ }kjk d`ksMc* fd`;k tkuk gS\ 26. 586403 (A) KRJQHΔ (B) ΔRJQHK (C) ΔHJQRK (D) KHJQRΔ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 27. 801234 (A) ★HA@Δ★ (B) RHA@Δ★ (C) ★HΔ@A★ (D) RHA@ΔQ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ

ugÓ

28. 439157 (A) QΔ$AKE (B) EΔ$AKQ (C) QΔ$AKQ (D) EΔ$AKE (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 29. 389160 (A) ΔR$AJH (B) ΔR$AJX (C) XR$AJX (D) ΔR$AJΔ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 30. 764138 (A) EJQAΔE (B) RJQAΔE (C) RJQAΔR (D) EJQAΔ★ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

d`ke d`jrs gß\ d`e ls d`e nks O;fâ` ^R;sd` fæŒV eÍ d`k;Z d`jrs gß\ lkseokj ls jfookj ds` chp ^R;sd` d`h v¥x–v¥x lkIrkfgd` NqVΩVh gksrh gS\ tÔjh ugÓ fd` blh ∂`e eÍ\ M ds`o¥ R ds` lkƒ nwljh fæŒV eÍ d`ke d`jrk gS ftld`h lkIrkfgd` NqVΩVh æq∂`okj d`ks gksrh gS\ Q d`h lkIrkfgd` NqVΩVh L d`h lkIrkfgd` NqVΩVh ds` vx¥s fnu gksrh gS vkSj ;s nksukÍ v¥x–v¥x fæŒV eÍ d`k;Z d`jrs gß\ P rhljh fæŒV eÍ d`k;Z d`jrk gS vkSj mld`h lkIrkfgd` NqVΩVh æfuokj d`ks gksrh gS\ S d`h lkIrkfgd` NqVΩVh lkseokj d`ks gksrh gS vkSj og ig¥h fæŒV eÍ d`k;Z d`jrk gS\ ftld`h lkIrkfgd` NqVΩVh jfookj d`ks gksrh gS og ig¥h fæŒV eÍ d`k;Z d`jrk gS\ L vkSj R ,d` gh fæŒV eÍ d`k;Z ugÓ d`jrs gß vkSj L d`h lkIrkfgd` NqVΩVh eax¥okj d`ks gksrh gS\ 31. xqÔokj d`ks fd`ld`h lkIrkfgd` NqVΩVh gksrh gS= (A) L (B) N (C) Q (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ

fd`;k tk ld`rk gS ugÓ 32. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fæŒV] O;fâ` vkSj lkIrkfgd` NqVΩVh d`k d`kSulk la;kstu fuf'pr Ôi ls lgh gS= (A) II, M, jfookj (B) III, N, jfookj (C) II, P, jfookj (D) I, L, eax¥okj (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 33. jfookj d`ks fd`ld`h lkIrkfgd` NqVΩVh gksrh gS= (A) L (C) N (E) bueÍ

(B) M (D) Q

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 34. Q d`h lkIrkfgd` NqVΩVh fd`l fnu gksrh gS= (A) eax¥okj (B) cq|okj (C) jfookj (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 35. fæŒV I eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls vf|d`kfj;kÍ d`k d`kSulk lewg d`k;Z d`jrk gS=

funsZæ%·^'u 31 ls 35 rd`‚ ;s ^'u (A) L, N, S (B) L, S fuEuf¥f[r tkud`kjh ij vk|kfjr gß\ bu (C) N, S (D) L, P, Q ^'ukÍ d`k m®j nsus ds` f¥, bld`k ÷;kuiwoZd` (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ v÷;;u d`hft,\ lkr vf|d`kjh L, M, N, P, Q, R vkSj funsZæ%·^'u 36 ls 40 rd`‚ uhps S rhu v¥x–v¥x fæŒV I, II vkSj III eÍ ^R;sd` ^'u eÍ la“;kvkÍ d`h nks iafâ`;k∑ nh

xbZ gß\ uhps fn, x, fu;ekÍ ds` vk|kj ij ^R;sd` iafâ` eÍ v¥x ls ifj.keh la“;k d`h x.uk d`h tkuh gS vkSj la“;kvkÍ d`h iafâ` ds` uhps fn, x, ^'ukÍ ds` m®j nsus gß\ la“;kvkÍ d`k ifjpk¥u ck,a ls nk,a cÈ
nksukÍ iafâ`;kÍ ds` ifj.kfe;kÍ d`k ;ksx jksfx;kÍ ds` f¥, vpkud` v^R;kfær lqj”k D;k gS= tksf[e ^Lrqr d`jus ok¥h fd`lh vkS"|h (A) 77 (B) 87 ds` f¥, vf|d`kj vftZr d`jrs gß rks mUgÍ (C) 84 (D) 72 ewY; ukæ d`k tksf[e gks ld`rk gS\ blh ^d`kj] vftZr d`Eiuh }kjk fd`;k x;k (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ funsZæ%·^'u 41 ls 45 rd`‚ uhps lqj”k ds` vuqik¥u lEcU|h mY¥a?u] ,d` ifjPNsn fn;k x;k gS vkSj mlds` uhps laO;ogkj ds` vfUre ewY; vkSj vtZd` d`h ml ifjPNsn eÍ fn, x, rF;kÍ ds` vk|kj ^frÆBk d`ks vR;f|d` gkfu igq∑pk ld`rk gS\ ij ¥xk, tk ld`us ok¥s dq`N lEHkfor o"Z 2006 eÍ œ`kekZ vkSj ck;ksVsd` d`Eifu;kÍ vuqeku fn, x, gß\ vki gj ,d` vuqeku ds` chp lkSns r; d`jus d`h xfr lrr d`h ifjPNsn ds` lUnHZ eÍ v¥x–v¥x rhozrk ls cÈ
(B) 128 (D) 144

46.

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 23 17

X 81

40. 12 37

28 22

(B) 33 (D) 34

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 84 18

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1688

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

47.

;fn nwljh iafâ` d`k ifj.keh X gS rks ig¥h iafâ` d`k ifj.keh D;k gS= 48. (A) 285 (C) 135 (E) bueÍ

(A)

49.

16. (D) 17. (A)

growth chart 22. growth chart 22.

18. (B)

pj. III 53 window 50 42

37. (E)

[

23 X

15 24 ⇒

door lock key 36

pj. IV 53 window 50 lock 42 door key 36.

pj. V 53 window 50 lock 42 key 36 door.

pj. VI 53 window 50 lock 42 key 36 door. 19. (C)

70 57

⇒ 70 – 57 = 13

pj. II 45 jockey 43 firm 36 firm 36 chart 22.

49 + 21 43 + 14

⇒

pj. I 45 jockey firm 36 43

pj. III 45 jockey 43 growth

[ ] []

⇒

jockey firm 36, 43 growth chart 22, 45.

buiqV

⇒

[ [

12 49

]

]

23 + 15 12 X 24 49

]

38 12 X 24 49

∴ X = 38 × 12 = 456 [456 24 49] 456 ⇒ 24

[

]

pj. II 85 train journey 36 54 daily 28 mansion.

pj. III 85 train 54 journey 36 daily 28 mansion.

pj. IV 85 train 54 mansion Journey 36 daily 28.

pj. V 85 train 54 mansion 36 journey daily 28.

pj. III 63 sour 56 18 grapes

20. (E)

healthy 32 rise.

pj. IV 63 sour 56 rise 18 grapes healthy 32.

pj. V 63 sour 56 rise 32 18 grapes healthy.

pj. VI 63 sour 56 rise 32 healthy 18 grapes. ∴

vfUre pj. VI gS\

21. (E) 22. (B) 23. (A) 24. (B) 25. (E) 26. (B) 27. (A) 28. (D) 29. (B) 30. (E)

^'u 31 ls 35 rd` ds` f¥, vf|d`kjh fæŒV L

I

M

II

N

I

P

III

Q

III

R

II

S

I

Nq±h eax¥okj xq:okj jfookj æfuokj cq|okj æq∂`okj lkseokj

31. (E)

xq:okj d`ks M d`h lkIrkfgd` Nq±h gksrh gS\

[

37 38

12 81 ⇒

21 14

[

]

37 + 12 81 – 38

21 14

ls

(6)

eÍ

50. (C)

32. (D) 33. (C) 34. (B) 35. (A) 36. (C)

(5)

]

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2008/1690

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,d` Hh ugÓ (B) ,d` nks (D) rhu pkj fuEuf¥f[r ik∑p eÍ ls d`ksbZ pkj fd`lh ^d`kj ls leku gß\ tks vU; pkj ls (A) VDEPUONF fHUu gS] mld`ks Kkr d`hft,% (B) VDPENFUQ (A) ih¥k (B) uh¥k (C) VDPENFUQ (C) xq ¥ kch (D) gjk (D) VDPEUOFN (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) ¥k¥ M d`h cgu R gS rƒk H d`k HkbZ M 08. æCn EQUALITY ds` ig¥s vkSj gS\ K d`h ek∑ D gS rƒk M d`k HkbZ K ik∑poÍ v”j ijLij ifjofrZr d`j fn, gS] rks R, D ls fd`l ^d`kj lEcfU|r tk,a\ blh ^d`kj nwljs vkSj NBoÍ gS= v”j ijLij ifjofrZr d`j fn, tk,a (A) cgu vkSj vkxs Hh blh ^d`kj\ nk,a fljs ls (B) iq(h rhljk v”j d`kSulk gksxk= (C) ek∑ (A) Q (B) U (D) tkud`kjh v|wjh gS (C) I (D) T (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ fuEuf¥f[r ik∑p eÍ ls d`ksbZ pkj fd`lh ^d`kj ls leku gß\ tks vU; 09. æCn REFRESHING eÍ ,sls v”j– ;qXekÍ d`h la“;k fd`ruh gS ftuds` pkj ls fHUu gS] mld`ks Kkr d`hft,% chp mrus gh v”j gß] ftrus fd` (A) PS (B) FI o.Zek¥k eÍ muds` chp gß= (C) AD (D) KN (A) ,d` Hh ugÓ (E) GD (B) ,d` fuEuf¥f[r ik∑p eÍ ls d`ksbZ pkj (C) nks fd`lh ^d`kj ls leku gß\ tks vU; (D) rhu pkj ls fHUu gS] mls Kkr d`hft,% (E) rhu ls vf|d` (A) 23 (B) 29 (C) 37 (D) 39 10. ;fn la“;k 38564927 eÍ lHh le (E) 31 vad`kÍ d`ks vkjksgh ∂`e eÍ f¥[k tk, vkSj fœ`j lHh fo"e vad`kÍ d`ks vkjksgh ;fn æCn ISOLATE ds ` lHh O;atu ∂`e eÍ f¥[k tk,] rks nk,a fljs ls o.Zek¥k ds` ig¥s v”j ls ^frLƒkfir pkSƒk vad` D;k gksxk= fd`, tkrs gß rƒk lHh Loj v”j o.Zek¥k ds` vx¥s v”j ls ^frLƒkfir (A) 5 (B) 3 fd`, tkrs gß\ vkSj fœ`j lHh v”j (C) 6 (D) 4 o.Zek¥k ds` vuqlkj vk;ksftr fd`, (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ tkrs gß] rks nk,a fljs ls rhljk v”j funsZæ%·^'u 11 ls 15 rd`‚ uhps d`kSulk gksxk= fn, x, ^R;sd` ^'u eÍ rhu d`ƒu vkSj (A) P (B) B mlds ` ckn nks fuÆd`"Z I o II fn, x, gß\ (C) N (D) O vkid`ks fn, x, rhukÍ d`ƒukÍ d`ks lR; (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ekuuk gS pkgÍ os lk|kj.r# Kkr rF;kÍ ls æCn AERT ds` v”jkÍ ls fd`rus es¥ u [krs gkÍ vkSj fœ`j fu.Z; ¥hft, vƒZiw.Z æCn cuk, tk ld`rs gß] tcfd` fd` d`kSulk fuÆd`"Z fn, x, d`ƒukÍ d`k ^R;sd` æCn eÍ ^R;sd` v”j flœZ` ,d` rkfdZ`d` Ôi ls vuqlj. d`jrk gS\ m®j nhft,% ckj ^;ksx gks= ;fn fd`lh lkads`frd` Hk"k eÍ PARTICLE d`ks USBQFMDJ f¥[k tkrk gS] rks mlh Hk"k eÍ DOCUMENT fd`l ^d`kj f¥[k 07. tk,xk=

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1691

(A) (C) (E)

(A) (B)

;fn ds`o¥ fuÆd`"Z I vuqlj. d`jrk gS\ ;fn ds`o¥ fuÆd`"Z II vuqlj. d`jrk gS\ (C) ;fn ;k rks I vkSj ;k II vuqlj. d`jrk gS\ (D) ;fn u rks I vkSj u gh II vuqlj. d`jrk gS\ (E) ;fn fuÆd`"Z I vkS j II nks u kÍ gh vuqlj. d`jrs gß\ 11. d`ƒu% dq`N iqLrdÍ` d`gkfu;k∑ gß\ lHh d`gkfu;k∑] miU;kl gß\ lHh miU;kl d`fork,a gß\ fuÆd`"Z% I. dq`N d`fork,a] iqLrdÍ` gß\ II. lHh d`gkfu;k∑] d`fork,a gß\ 12. d`ƒu% lHh ikS|s isÈM gß\ dq`N isÈM i®s gß\ dq`N i®s œw`¥ gß\ fuÆd`"Z% I. dq`N ikS|s i®s gß\ II. dq`N ikS|s œw`¥ gß\ 13. d`ƒu% dq`N d`EI;wVj dS`¥D;q¥sVj gß\ lHh dS`¥D;q¥sVj d`hcksMZ gß\ dq`N d`hcksMZ f^UVlZ gß\ fuÆd`"Z% I. dq`N d`EI;wVj d`hcksMZ gß\ II. dq`N d`EI;wVj f^UVlZ gß\ 14. d`ƒu% dq`N dq`flZ;k∑ Vsc¥ gß\ dq`N Vsc¥ MsLd` gß\ d`ksbZ MsLd` lksœ`klsV ugÓ gS\ fuÆd`"Z% I. dq`N dq`flZ;k∑ lksœ`klsV gß\ II. d`ksbZ dq`lhZ lksœ`klsV ugÓ gS\ 15. d`ƒu% lHh cSx ckWDl gß\ lHh ckWDl crZu gß\ dq`N crZu d`Vksjs gß\ fuÆd`"Z% I. dq`N ckWDl d`Vksjs gß\ II. lHh cSx crZu gß\ funsZæ%·^'u 16 ls 20 rd`‚ bu ^'ukÍ eÍ ^rhd` @, %, ★, # vkSj $ d`ks fuEukuqlkj v¥x–v¥x vƒksÛ eÍ ^;qâ` fd`;k x;k gS% ‘A @ B’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘A, B ls NksVk gS ’\ ‘A % B’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘A, B ls NksVk ugÓ gS’\ ‘A ★ B’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘A u rks B ls NksVk vkSj u gh cÈMk gS’\

‘A # B’ ‘A $ B’

d`k vƒZ gS ‘A, B ls cÈMk gS’\ 23. mi;qZâ` O;oLƒk ls lHh ^rhd` fud`k¥ II. jesæ] tks lewg ds` 14 cPpkÍ ls fn, tk,a ] rks d`kS u lk rRo ck,a ls vf|d` otu ok¥k gS] og otu eÍ d`k vƒZ gS ‘A, B ls cÈMk ugÓ lkrok∑ gks x k= lkfg¥ ds` rqjUr ckn vkrk gS\ gS’\ (A) 5 (B) J 27. d`ksM Hk"k eÍ ‘healthy’ d`k d`ksM D;k uhps ^R;sd` ^'u eÍ fn, x, d`ƒukÍ d`ks (C) A (D) H gS= lR; ekurs gq,] ;g irk ¥xkb, fd` muds` d`ƒu% uhps fn, x, nks fuÆd`"ksÛ eÍ ls d`kSulk/d`kSuls (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ fuf'pr Ôi ls lR; gS/gß= m®j nhft,% 24. d`kSulk rRo nk,a ls X;kjgoÍ ds` nk,a I. d`ksM Hk"k eÍ ‘eat healthy food’ d`ks ‘ka ma re’ f¥[rs gß\ (A) ;fn ds`o¥ fuÆd`"Z I lR; gS\ rhljk gS= II. d`ks M Hk"k eÍ] ‘food for (B) ;fn ds`o¥ fuÆd`"Z II lR; gS\ (A) B (B) Δ healthy people’ d`ks ‘ta ma jo (C) ;fn ;k rks fuÆd`"Z I ;k fuÆd`"Z II (C) 8 (D) 2 re’ f¥[rs gß\ lR; gS\ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 28. ‘H’ ds` fd`rus HkbZ gß= (D) ;fn u rks fuÆd`"Z I vkS j u gh d`ƒu% 25. mi;q Z â ` O;oLƒk eÍ vius Lƒku ds ` fuÆd`"Z II lR; gS\ vk|kj ij fuEuf¥f[r ik∑p eÍ ls pkj I. ‘H’, ‘K’ d`h cgu gS tks ‘T’ d`k (E) ;fn fuÆd`"Z I vkSj II nksukÍ lR; gß\ fd`lh ^d`kj leku gß vr# mud`k iq( gS\ 16. d`ƒu P ★ V, V % U, U # N ,d` lewg curk gS\ og ,d` d`kSulk II. ‘T’, ‘K’ d`h ekrk gS tks ‘H’ d`k fuÆd`"Z% I. P % N gS tks bl lewg eÍ ugÓ vkrk gS= HkbZ gS\ II. V # N (A) QL% (B) 57H 29. J, T, W, R vkSj Q eÍ ls d`kSu ig¥s 17. d`ƒu M @ T, T $ W, W # R (C) I4W (D) 18B vkWfœ`l igq∑pk= d`ƒu% fuÆd`"Z% I. M @ R (E) N2# I. J, Q, R vkSj T ls ig¥s] fd`Urq II. M % R funsZæ%·^'u 26 ls 30 rd`‚ uhps W ds` ckn igq∑pk\ 18. d`ƒu H % K, K # M, M $ W fn, x, ^R;sd` ^'u eÍ ,d` ^'u vkSj II. Q, R ls ig¥s fd`Urq W ds` ckn mlds` uhps nks d`ƒu I vkSj II fn, x, gß\ fuÆd`"Z% I. H # M igq∑pk\ vkid`ks ;g r; d`juk gS fd` d`ƒukÍ eÍ II. K ★ W fn;k x;k MkVk ^'u d`k m®j nsus ds` f¥, 30. xk∑o ‘K’ ds` lanHZ eÍ xk∑o ‘F’ fd`l 19. d`ƒu V @ L, L % J, J $ T fnæk eÍ gS= i;kZIr gS ;k ugÓ gS\ nksukÍ d`ƒukÍ d`ks ifÈ<, d`ƒu% fuÆd`"Z% I. V @ J vkSj m®j nhft,% I. xk∑o ‘J’ xk∑o ‘F’ ds` iwoZ eÍ vkSj II. L ★ T (A) ;fn ds`o¥ d`ƒu I eÍ fn;k x;k MkVk xk∑o ‘K’ ds` m®j eÍ gS\ ^'u d`k m®j nsus ds` f¥, i;kZIr gS] 20. d`ƒu F % Q, Q # D, D ★ N II. xk∑o ‘R’, tks xk∑o ‘F’ ds` nf”. tcfd` ds`o¥ d`ƒu II eÍ fn;k x;k fuÆd`"Z% I. F # N eÍ gS] xk∑o ‘K’ ds` if'pe eÍ gS\ MkVk ^'u d`k m®j nsus ds` f¥, II. N @ Q i;kZIr ugÓ gS\ funsZæ%·^'u 31 ls 35 rd`‚ bu funsZæ%·^'u 21 ls 25 rd`‚ ;s ^'u (B) ;fn ds`o¥ d`ƒu II e͸ fn;k x;k ^'ukÍ eÍ v”jkÍ d`ks uhps nh xbZ ;kstuk fuEuf¥f[r O;oLƒk ij vk|kfjr gß\ bld`k MkVk ^'u d`k m®j nsus ds` f¥, vkSj ærksÛ ds` vk|kj ij vad`kÍ vkSj ^rhd`kÍ ÷;kuiwoZd` v÷;;u d`j bu ^'ukÍ ds` m®j i;kZIr gS] tcfd` ds`o¥ d`ƒu I eÍ }kjk d`ksMc* fd`;k tkuk gS\ ^R;sd` ^'u nhft,% fn;k x;k MkVk ^'u d`k m®j nsus eÍ v”jkÍ d`k ,d` lewg fn;k x;k gS vkSj ds` f¥, i;kZIr ugÓ gS\ mlds` ckn vad`kÍ/^rhd`kÍ ds` pkj la;kstu T★QL3%A57JHI4@WEK 1U8BΔN29#6F (C) ;fn ;k rks ds`o¥ d`ƒu I ;k ds`o¥ (A), (B), (C) vkSj (D) fn, x, gß\ tks d`ƒu II eÍ fn;k x;k MkVk ^'u d`k la;kstu v”j lewg d`k lgh fuÔi. 21. mi;qZâ` O;oLƒk ij vk|kfjr fuEud`jrk gS mld`k v{kj vkid`k m®j gS\ ;fn m®j nsus ds` f¥, i;kZIr gS\ f¥f[r Δk~a[¥k eÍ ^'ufpÕ (?) ds ` d`ks bZ Hh la;kstu lgh ugÓ gS rks mld`k (D) ;fn d`ƒu I vkSj d`ƒu II nksukÍ d`k Lƒku ij D;k vk,xk= m®j (E) vƒkZrΩ ‘bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ’\ MkVk fe¥d`j Hh ^'u d`k m®j nsus TQ3, A7H, 4WK, ? ds` f¥, i;kZIr ugÓ gS\ v{kj # K E T J H I F A L U B M O R P (A) 18Δ (B) UBΔ (E) ;fn d`ƒu I vkS j d`ƒu II nks u kÍ d`k vad`/ 3 7 % $ 4 ★ 1 9 8 6 # @2 5 © (C) UBN (D) 18N MkVk fe¥d`j ^'u d`k m®j nsus ds` ^rhd` (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ d`ksM # f¥, vko';d` gS\ 22. mi;qZâ` O;oLƒk eÍ ,sls fd`rus ^rhd` 26. fd`UgÓ nks cPpkÍ d`k otu leku ugÓ ærsÛ% gß] ftueÍ ls ^R;sd` ds` rqjUr ig¥s gS] rks lewg eÍ fd`rus cPps gß= (i) ;fn ig¥k vkSj vfUre v”j nksukÍ gh ,d` la“;k gS vkSj rqjUr ckn ,d` Loj gß] rks muds` d`ksM ijLij cn¥ d`ƒu% O;atu gS= nsus gß\ I. lewg ds` lHh cPpkÍ d`ks otu (A) d`ksbZ ugÓ (B) ,d` (ii) ;fn ig¥k vkSj vfUre v”j nksukÍ gh ds` vk|kj ij vojksgh ∂`e eÍ (C) nks (D) rhu O;atu gß] rks nksukÍ d`ks £ }kjk d`ksM ∂`ec* fd`;k tk,] rks lkfg¥ d`juk gS\ (E) rhu ls vf|d` ˜ij ls ik∑pok∑ gS\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1692

(iii)

;fn ig¥k v”j ,d` Loj vkSj 37. O;fâ`] O;olk; vkSj ægj d`k d`kSulk 39. bathfu;j fd`l ægj eÍ d`ke d`jrk gS= vfUre v”j ,d` O;atu gS] rks Loj la;kstu fuf'pr Ôi ls lgh gS= (A) vgenkckn d`ks Δ }kjk vkSj O;atu d`ks ↑ }kjk (A) F %bathfu;j%cax¥kSj (B) psUubZ d`ksM d`juk gS\ (B) K%vkfdZ`VsDV%gSnjkckn (C) eqEcbZ (C) L%cßd`j%eqEcbZ 31. TARIFM (D) cax¥kSj (D) M%^ksœs`lj%t;iqj (A) £95★1£ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) d`ksbZ lgh ugÓ gS (B) %95★1@ 40. ^ksœs`lj d`kSu gS= 38. eqEcbZ eÍ d`kSu d`ke d`jrk gS= (C) %95★1% (A) P (B) J (A) J (B) K (D) @95★1@ (C) M (D) M ;k J (C) M (D) P (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 32. AJTKLU (A) 9$%386 (B) £$%38£ (C) Δ$%38↑ (D) ↑$%38Δ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

funsZæ%·^'u 41 ls 50 rd`‚ fuEuf¥f[r gj ^'u eÍ ;fn ∂`e tkjh jgk rks nkfguh vksj nh xbZ ik∑p m®j vkÎ`fr;kÍ eÍ ls d`kSulh m®j vkÎ`fr ckbÛ vksj d`h ^'u– vkÎ`fr;kÍ ds` rRd`k¥ ckn vkuh pkfg,= iz'u vkÎ`fr;k∑ mÂkj vkÎ`fr;k∑

33. ORBETH (A) ↑5#7%Δ (B) Δ5#7%↑ (C) 25#7%4 (D) 45#7%2 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

41.

34. KEOMPA (A) ↑72@©Δ (B) Δ72@©↑ (C) 372@©9 (D) 972@©3 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

(B) P (D) L

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1693

(D)

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44.

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43.

(C) 6$8%©6 (D) 6$8%©★

bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ funsZæ%·^'u 36 ls 40 rd`‚ bu ^'ukÍ d`k m®j nsus ds` f¥, fuEuf¥f[r tkud`kjh d`k ÷;kuiwoZd` v÷;;u d`hft,% F, H, J, K, L, M vkSj P ;s lkr fe( v¥x–v¥x ægj vƒkZrΩ psUubZ] eqEcbZ] cax¥kSj] t;iqj] bankSj] vgenkckn] gSnjkckn eÍ d`ke d`jrs gß] tÔjh ugÓ fd` blh ∂`e eÍ\ bueÍ ls ^R;sd` d`k O;olk; v¥x gS vƒkZrΩ C.A., MkWDVj] ^ksœs`lj] bathfu;j] cßd`j] od`h¥ vkSj vkfdZ`VsDV] tÔjh ugÓ fd` blh ∂`e eÍ\ H ,d` od`h¥ gS vkSj t;iqj eÍ d`ke d`jrk gS\ K ,d` MkWDVj gS] og psUubZ eÍ d`ke ugÓ d`jrk gS\ C. A. eqEcbZ eÍ d`ke d`jrk gS\ M bankSj eÍ d`ke d`jrk gS\ vkfdZ`VsDV gSnjkckn eÍ d`ke d`jrk gS\ L ,d` cßd`j gS vkSj cax¥kSj eÍ d`ke d`jrk gS\ F ,d` bathfu;j gS] rks J eqEcbZ eÍ d`ke ugÓ d`jrk gS\ 36. vkfdZ`VsDV d`kSu gS=

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e÷; d`h NksVh js[k bl ^d`kj ?werh gS # —, /, \, —, /, \.

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izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1695

¥sf[d`k # MkW\ fp(¥s[k flag d`ksM ua\ 595 ewY; # 70/-

¥s[d` # MkW\ væksd` dq`ekj ik≥Ms; d`ksM ua\ 708 ewY; # 130/-

uohu iqLrd rdÍ`

mid`kj izd`kæu] vkxjk–2 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.upkarprakashan.com

funsZæ%·^'u 6 ls 10 rd`‚ fuEuf¥f[r ^'ukÍ eÍ ^'ufpÕ (?) ds` Lƒku ij ¥xHx D;k eku vkuk pkfg,= ·;ƒk rF; eku d`h x.uk vko';d` ugÓ‚

b¥kgkckn cßd` ·ih\ vks\‚ ijh{kk] 30-9-2007 d`k g¥ iz'u-i(

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62

60

48

70

55

52

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54

58

52

64

45

54

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60

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50

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8. 14·082 × 19·964 × 23·980 = ? (A) 6220 (B) 5820 (C) 6742 (D) 5932 (E) 6986

1. 4·01 P.M. – 6·00 P.M.

ds` chp U (D) 9·01 A.M. – 11·00 A.M. }kjk vVÍM d`h xbÛ d`kWYl mlh le;– (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ [≥M eÍ Q }kjk vVÍM d`h xbZ d`kW¥kÍ d`k fd`rus ^frær ƒÓ= ·fud`VLƒ iw.kÛd` 5. d`ke ds` lkjs ?≥VkÍ eÍ T ds` eke¥s eÍ ,d` d`kW¥ vkSlru fd`rus feuV rd` rd` iw.kÛfd`r‚ p¥h= ·næe¥o ds` ckn nks vad`kÍ rd` (A) 88 (B) 125 iw.kÛfd`r‚ (C) 97 (E) 111

2.

(D) 103

,d` fnu eÍ S }kjk vVÍM d`h xbZ dq`¥ d`kW¥kÍ d`k R }kjk vVÍM d`h xbÛ d`kW¥kÍ ls ∂`eæ# vuqikr D;k gS= (A) 73 : 99 (B) 86 : 69 (C) 69 : 86 (D) 99 : 73 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

10.

3

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ √ 912670 = ? (A) 87 (C) 75 (E) 97

bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

ugÓ

(B) 66 (D) 81

V_d` A

lcls d`e d`kW¥ fd`l le;–[≥M eÍ vVÍM d`h xbÛ ƒÓ= (A) 11·01 A.M. – 1·00 P.M. (B) 8·01 P.M. – 10·00 P.M. (C) 2·01 P.M. – 4·00 P.M.

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1696

V_d` C

60

LihM ·fd`eh/?≥Vk‚

(B) 33 (D) 25

V_d` B

70

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4.

2·55 2·06 2·18 2·32

9. 5647 d`k 89% + 4589 d`k 27% = ? (A) 6845 (B) 6265 (C) 6025 (D) 5955 (E) 5825

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3. P }kjk

(A) 29 (C) 22 (E) 36

6. 79999 ÷ 43 ÷ 12 = ? (A) 123 (B) 168 (C) 134 (D) 155 (E) 178 7. 2341·9823 + 18625·1372 + 6225·1689 + 3361·9218 = ? (A) 30554 (B) 28136 (C) 32612 (D) 35218 (E) 29628

50 40 30 20 10 0

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(C) 9

280

(E)

25.

163 280 117 (D) 7 140 6

bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

19. ? ÷ 25 ÷ 12 = 248·76

fd`;k tk ld`rk (A) 74628 (B) 497·52 ugÓ (C) 62452 (D) 870·66 12. ;fn xq:okj d`ks V_d` B us 846 fd`eh\ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ d`h nwjh r; d`h rks bl nwjh d`ks r; 20. (73)3 = ? d`jus eÍ mls fd`ruk le; ¥xk= (A) 365127 (B) 298627 (A) 16 ?≥Vs 55 feuV 12 lsd`≥M (C) 305867 (D) 389017 (B) 16 ?≥Vs 12 feuV (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (C) 15 ?≥Vs 6 feuV 4 lsd`≥M 21. Lora(rk fnol d`ks 350 cPpkÍ eÍ ,d` (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk cjkcj LohVΩl ckaVh tkuh ƒh\ ¥sfd`u (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ml fnu 25 cPps vuqifLƒr ƒs\ 13. lHh fnukÍ d`ks fe¥kd`j V_d` A d`h blf¥, ^R;sd` cPps d`ks 5 vfrfjâ` ehVj/lsd`≥M vkSlr LihM fd`ruh gS= LohVΩl fe¥Ó\ ^R;sd` cPps d`ks dq`¥ 8 fd`ruh LohVΩl fe¥Ó= (A) 180 (B) 13 (C) 120

9 6 (D) 12 7

(A) 55 (C) 50 (E) bueÍ

(B) 70 (D) 65

,d` nks vad`h; la“;k ds` vad`kÍ d`ks ijLij cn¥ d`j ^kIr la“;k ew¥ la“;k ls 9 vf|d` gS\ ;fn la“;k ds` nks vad`kÍ d`k ;ksx 13 gS rks ew¥ la“;k D;k gS= (A) 58 (B) 76 (C) 78 (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ

fd`;k tk ld`rk ugÓ funsZæ%·^'u 26 ls 30 rd`‚ fuEuf¥f[r la“;k Δk~a[¥k eÍ ^'ufpÕ (?) ds` Lƒku ij D;k vk,xk= 26. 3, 4, 12, ?, 576, 27648 (A) 64 (B) 96 (C) 36 (D) 52 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 27. 4, 12, 60, 420, ?, 41580 (A) 4620 (B) 3780 (C) 4200 (D) 5040 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 28. 6, 349, 565, ?, 754, 781

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (A) 629 (B) 590 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 22. 24 iq:" ,d` d`ke d`ks 16 fnu eÍ iwjk (C) 601 (D) 690 14. foxr fnukÍ eÍ V_d` C d`h vkSlr LihM d`j ld`rs gß\ mlh d`ke d`ks 8 efg¥k,a (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ V_d` B d`h vkSlr LihM d`h ¥xHx 72 fnu eÍ iwjk d`j ld`rh gß] tcfd` fd`rus ^frær gS= 24 cPpkÍ d`ks bls iwjk d`jus eÍ 32 fnu 29. 1·5, 4, 20, 129, ?, 10505 (A) 1044 (B) 1048 ¥xrs gß\ ;fn 10 iq:"] 15 efg¥k,a (A) 63 (B) 74 vkS j 24 cPps fe¥d`j d`ke d`jÍ rks d`ke (C) 1548 (D) 1052 (C) 95 (D) 86 fd`rus fnu eÍ iw j k gks x k= (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) 69 (A) 18 (B) 8 15. æq∂`okj d`ks V_d` C d`h LihM eÍ fiN¥s 30. 89250, 17850, 7 1 4 0 , 1428, (C) 22 (D) 12 fnu ls fd`rus ^frær o~f* gqbZ gS= 571·2, ? (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (A) 15 (B) 28 (A) 228·48 (B) 126·12 23. la “ ;k 3428651 ls ] mlds ` ^R;s d ` (C) 20 (D) 18 (C) 114·24 (D) 246·48 vad` d`k ,d`–,d` ckj ^;ksx d`jrs gq, (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ fd`ruh lkr vad`h; la“;k,a cukbZ tk funsZæ%·^'u 16 ls 20 rd`‚ fuEuld`rh gß= funsZæ%·^'u 31 ls 35 rd`‚ lkj.h f¥f[r ^'ukÍ eÍ ^'ufpÕ (?) ds` Lƒku ij (A) 49 (B) 180 ds` ckn fn, x, ^'ukÍ d`k m®j nsus ds` D;k vkuk pkfg,= (C) 5040 (D) 2520 f¥, lkj.h d`ks ÷;ku ls ifÈ<,\ 16. 20·2 × 64 × 81·3 × 40·2 = 8 ? (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ik∑p o"ksÛ eÍ N# fofHUu d`kW¥stkÍ ls ikl (A) 2·7 (B) 2·5 gq, fo»kfƒZ;kÍ d`k ^frær 24. ;fn ,d` jkfæ ij 15 ^frær ^fro"Z (C) 3·7 (D) 3·2 nj ij rhu o"Z ds` vUr eÍ vftZr d`kW¥st lk|kj. vkSj p∂`o~f* C;kt ds` chp (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ o"Z A B C D E F 595·35 :\ d`k vUrj gS] rks jkfæ 17. 6242 d`k 83% × 225 d`k 12% = ? fd`ruh gS= 2001 76 63 88 92 78 100 (A) 146286·42 (A) 8,400 :\ 2002 72 64 90 100 76 93 (B) 134263·18 (B) 9,200 :\ 2003 81 78 96 86 77 96 (C) 139883·22 (C) 6,800 :\ 2004 85 72 86 84 82 85 (D) 1562218·23 (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk 2005 92 82 91 79 84 85 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1697

31.

x2 – 7x + 10 ;fn o"Z 2005 eÍ d`kW¥st B eÍ iÈ<us 36. I. 2 ok¥s fo»kfƒZ;kÍ d`h la“;k 3650 ƒh] II. y + 11y + 10 rks ml o"Z ml d`kW¥st ls œs`¥ gksus 37. I. x2 + 28x + 192 ok¥s fo»kfƒZ;kÍ d`h la“;k fd`ruh ƒh= II. y2 + 16y + 48 (A) 594 (C) 583 (E) bueÍ

(B) 657 (D) 625

38. I. II.

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 39. I. 32. o"Z 2002 eÍ d`kW¥st E ls ikl gksus II. ok¥s fo»kfƒZ;kÍ d`k œs`¥ gq, fo»kfƒZ;kÍ ls vuqikr fd`ruk gS= 40. I. II.

(A) 6 : 5 (B) 18 : 7 (C) 19 : 6 (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ

fd`;k tk ld`rk ugÓ 33. ;fn o"Z 2003 eÍ d`kW¥st E vkSj F eÍ iÈ<us ok¥s fo»kfƒZ;kÍ d`h la“;k ∂`eæ# 2800 vkSj 2250 gS] rks ml o"Z d`kW¥st E ls ikl gksus ok¥s fo»kfƒZ;kÍ d`h la“;k d`k d`kW¥st F ls ikl gksus ok¥s fo»kfƒZ;kÍ ls ∂`eæ# vuqikr fd`ruk gS= (A) 216 : 217 (B) 327 : 341 (C) 423 : 485 (D) 539 : 540 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 34.

fd`l d`kW¥st eÍ ikl gksus d`k vkSlr ^frær lokZf|d` gS= (A) E (C) A (E) bueÍ

(B) D (D) C

(A) 7·61 (C) 6·36 (E) bueÍ ls

(B) 8·24 (D) 8·05

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 35. o"Z 2005 eÍ d`kW¥st A ls ikl gksus ok¥s fo»kfƒZ;kÍ ds` ^frær eÍ fiN¥s o"Z ls fd`rus ^frær o~f* gqbZ gS= ·næe¥o ds` ckn nks vad`kÍ rd` iw.kÛfd`r‚

d`ksbZ ugÓ funsZæ%·^'u 36 ls 40 rd`‚ fuEuf¥f[r ^'ukÍ eÍ nks lehd`j. I vkSj II fn, x, gß\ vkid`ks nksukÍ lehd`j.kÍ d`ks g¥ d`juk gS vkSj% m®j nhft, ;fn (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

x>y x≥y x
;k lEcU| Lƒkfir ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1698

= 0 = 0

43.

= 0 = 0

2x – 3y = – 3·5 3x – 2y = – 6·5 x2 + 8x + 15 = 0 y2 + 11y + 30 = 0 x = √ ⎯⎯⎯⎯ 3136 2 y = 3136

lHh foHkxkÍ eÍ fe¥kd`j d`ke d`j jgh dq`¥ efg¥kvkÍ ls dq`¥ iq:"kÍ d`k ∂`eæ# vuqikr D;k gS= (A) 63 : 41 (B) 41 : 27 (C) 53 : 47 (D) 27 : 19 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

44.

epsÛMkb¯tx foHkx eÍ efg¥kvkÍ d`h la“;k laLƒk eÍ d`eZpkfj;kÍ d`h dq`¥ la“;k d`k fd`rus ^frær gS= (A) 3 (C) 1 (E) bueÍ

(B) 6 (D) 12

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ funsZæ%·^'u 41 ls 45 rd`‚ uhps fn, x, ^'ukÍ d`k m®j nsus ds` f¥, ikbZ– 45. mRiknu foHkx eÍ iq:"kÍ d`h la“;k d`k foi.u foHkx eÍ iq:"kÍ d`h la“;k xzkœ` rƒk lkj.h d`k v÷;;u d`hft,\ ls ∂`eæ# vuqikr D;k gS= ,d` laLƒk ds` fofHUu foHkxkÍ eÍ d`k;Zjr (A) 7 : 13 (B) 9 : 11 d`eZpkfj;kÍ d`h la“;k vkSj mleÍ iq:`" (C) 13 : 7 (D) 11 : 9 efg¥k vuqikr (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ d`eZpkfj;kÍ d`h dq`¥ la“;k = 4600 46. 988 :\ d`h jkfæ ij 18 ^frær ^fro"Z d`h nj ls 5 o"Z ds` vUr eÍ 11% fd`ruk lk|kj. C;kt vftZr gksxk= 18% HR (A) 711·36 :\ (B) 898·2 :\ 8% epsÛMkb¯tx ¥s[k (C) 799·25 :\ (D) 805·4 :\ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 15% 22% mRiknu foi.u 47. ml o~® d`k ”s(œ`¥ fd`ruk gksxk ftld`h ifjf| 88 lseh\ ds` cjkcj gS= 26% (A) 154 oxZ lseh\ IT (B) 44 oxZ lseh\ (C) 616 oxZ lseh\ (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk iq:`" efg¥k vuqikr (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ foHkx iq:`" efg¥k funsZæ%·^'u 48 ls 50 rd`‚ lwpuk HR 1 1 d`ks ifÈ<, vkSj mlds` ckn fn, x, ^'ukÍ ds` m®j nhft,\ ¥s[k 3 1 mRiknu 3 2 ,d` Vksd`jh eÍ 3 ¥k¥ xÍn gß] 5 uh¥h IT 1 3 xÍn gß vkSj 2 gjh xÍn gß\ foi.u 1 1 48. ;fn rhu xÍn csrjrhc È
(B) 102 (D) 92

(A) 1628 (C) 1766 (E) bueÍ ls

(B) 1742 (D) 1646

(C)

1 5

(D)

3 10

(E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 49. ;fn pkj xÍn csrjrhc
d`ksbZ ugÓ

(A)

3 1 (C) 3 (E) bueÍ

(B)

2 2 (D) 5

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

50.

;fn nks xÍnkÍ d`ks csrjrhc
3 10 1 (D) 15

(A)

(B)

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

m®j O;k“;k lfgr ^\ 1 ls 5 rd` ds` f¥, # d`eZpkjh le;–[≥M

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1699

∴1

fnu eÍ d`ke iwjk d`jrs gß = 24 × 16

= 384 iq:" blh ^d`kj 1 fnu eÍ d`ke iwjk d`jrh gß = 72 × 8 = 576

efg¥k,∑ rƒk 1 fnu eÍ d`ke iwjk d`jrs gß ∴ ∴

384 10

iq:"

= 24 × 32 = 768 cPps = 768 cPps

iq:" =

768 × 10 384

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1700

43. (C)

lHh foHkxkÍ eÍ efg¥kvkÍ d`h dq`¥ la“;k =

[

æs" i~ÆB 1679 d`k

æs" i~ÆB 1684 d`k

11 100

gsrq d`k;ksÛ d`k leUo;u fd`;k tk lds`] rFkk fæd`k;rkÍ d`ks nwj Hh fd`;k tk lds`\ lkƒ gh uhfr;kÍ vkSj fnæk-funsZækÍ d`ks d`k;kZfUor d`juk gS\ ✪ Central Warehousing Corporation%ds`Unzh; H≥Mkj. fuxe (CWC) d`k d`jksckj (Turnover) ,oa fuo¥ ¥kH (Net Profit) o"Z 2005–06 eÍ 619·50 d`jksÈM :i, rƒk 106·95 :i, d`jksÈM ∂`eæ# jgk] tks blls iwoZ o"Z (2004–05) eÍ ∂`eæ# 522·87 d`jksÈM :i, rƒk 60·42

d`jksÈM :i, jgk ƒk\’ gsrq%xsg∑w d`h olw¥h o"Z 2006–07 ·foi.u o"Z v^S¥-ebZ‚ eÍ 92·26 ¥k[ Vu jgh\ ✪ Hkjr ljd`kj us] vHh gk¥ gh eÍ ·9 vDVwcj] 2007 d`ks ‚ jch ekSle o"Z 2007-08 gsrq xsgw∑ d`k U;wure leFkZu ewY; (MSP) xr o"Z ds` 850 :i,/dq`a\ ewY; ls cÈ
oLrqfuÆB ^'u 01.

‘usæu¥ lqxj bULVhVΩ;wV’ (NSI) Lƒkfir gS% (A) d`kuiqj eÍ (B) d`ks;acVwj eÍ (C) ¥qf|;kuk eÍ (D) eqEcbZ eÍ 02. nsæ eÍ o"Z 2004–05 ds` nkSjku ^fr O;fDr ·fd`xzk/o"Z‚ [k»-rs¥kÍ d`k miHksDrk fd`ruk jgk ƒk] tcfd` fo'o vkSlr 21·13 ƒk = (A) 20·0 (C) 10·0

(B) 11·8 (D) 25·0

03. ‘Indian Grain Storage Management & Research Institute’ (IGMRI) fLƒr gS% (A) gkiqÈM eÍ (B) d`kuiqj eÍ (C) fnY¥h eÍ (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 04.

;kstuk’ (AAY— Antyodaya Anna Yojana) ns æ eÍ

‘vaR;ksn; vUu

fu|Zure ifjokjkÍ ds` f¥, æqÔ d`h xbZ% fnlEcj] 2000 eÍ fnlEcj] 2001 eÍ fnlEcj] 2002 eÍ fnlEcj] 2003 eÍ 05. ds`Unz ljd`kj }kjk ‘xzkeh. vukt cßd` ;kstuk’ (Village Grain Bank Scheme) fd`l o"Z æqÔ d`h xbZ= (A) (B) (C) (D)

113. (A) 114. (A)

^kƒfed` ¥kxrÍ ifjorZuæh¥ ¥kxrÍ gksrh gß tks mRiknu Lrj ds` lkƒ cn¥rh gß\

115. (C) 116. (A)117. (C)118. (D) 119. (B)

●●● 120. (C)

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1701

●●●

(A) 1996–97 (C) 1998–99

(B) 1990–91 (D) 2000–01

m®jek¥k 1. (A) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. (A)

5. (A)

●●●

fd` fcukbu ^ksLVsM gkbijI¥sfl;k D;k gS = ☛

bls la”si eÍ ch\ ih\ ,p\ ·fcukbu ^ksLVsM gkbijI¥sfl;k‚ d`grs gß\ lkekU;r# ;g jksx 50 o"Z ls vf|d` vk;q ds` iq:"kÍ eÍ gksrk gS\ ^ksLVsM] ;wfjujh C¥SMj ds` uhps fLƒr v[jksV ds` vkd`kj d`h ,d` xzafƒ gksrh gS\ ew(okfguh u¥h pkjkÍ vksj ls ^ksLVsM xzafƒ ls f?jh jgrh gS\ ch\ ih\ ,p\ jksx gksus ij ^ksLVsM xzafƒ cÈ< tkrh gS\ tc ^ksLVsM xzafƒ d`k vkd`kj cÈ
d`h d`fBukb;kÍ] ^f∂`;k ,oa fof| d`ks crkb,\ ☛ vkt nsæ eÍ Hwfe t¥ Lrj o"Z–nj o"Z uhps fxjrk (↓) gh tk jgk gS] ftlls iwjs nsæ eÍ Î`"d`kÍ ds` f¥, ,d` fpUrk d`k fo"; curk gh tk jgk gS\ vr#] ¯lpkbZ gsrq t¥] tks geÍ o"kZ] unh] ugjkÍ vkfn ls ^kIr gksrk gS] d`ks lgh rjhds` ls rk¥kckÍ ds` fuekZ. }kjk lafpr fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ vr# ∏ikuh d`h cpr d`jÍ] gj cw∑n d`herh gSπ\ blhf¥, o"Z 2007 d`ks ‘International Water Year–2007’ d`ks euk;k x;k gS\ ftld`h ‘Theme–More crop per drop’ j[h xbZ gS\ vr# bl lUnHZ eÍ dq`N d`gkorÍ pfjrkƒZ gß% (i) ‘t¥ cgqewY; gS] bls O;ƒZ u cgk,a] (ii) ‘ikuh cpk,a vkSj lw[s ls cpÍ’\ (iii) ‘t¥ ^cU| eÍ ¥ksxkÍ d`h Hkxhnkjh d`k ¥{; cuk,a] (iv) ‘ikuh d`ks izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1702

nwf"r gksus ls cpk,a’\ (v) ‘t¥ gh thou gS’ vkfn\ t¥kxe ^cU|u d`h d`fBukb;kÍ eÍ ”erk ,oa vfHuo ^f∂`;k d`k fod`flr u gksuk« ^ksRlkgu |ujkfæ ds` d`kj. ftEesnkjh vuqHo u d`juk vkfn gß\ t¥kxe ^f∂`;k ,oa fof| eÍ Î`"d`-lsÎ`"d` ^lkj d`ks ^ksRlkgu] tSfod` rd`uhd`h ij c¥] xk∑o vk|kfjr œa`¯Mx ,oa fu;kstu d`h vko';d`rk] o"kZ t¥ ,d`f(r d`jus gsrq ^ksRlkgu |ujkfæ d`e d`jus ds` ^;kl vkfn\ fd` ‘fd`lku fgr ;kstuk’ (Farmer’s Welfare Programme) ds` mˆs'; D;k gß= Hwfe ls lEcfU|r eq“; leL;k,a d`kSu – d`kSulh gß= ☛ m®j ^nsæ ds` Î`f" foHkx% Hwfe laj”. vuqHkx }kjk ·jkT; ljd`kj d`h lgk;rk ls‚ ˜lj] chgÈM] catj] t¥eXu ,oa d`e mitk˜ Hwfe d`ks lq|kj d`j [srh ;ksX; ,oa mitk˜ cukus d`k lqugjk volj bl fd`lku fgr ;kstuk ds` rgrΩ fufgr gS\ bl ;kstuk ds` mˆs';kÍ eÍ ^nsæ eÍ o"kZ t¥ ds` ^cU|u ds` ek÷;e ls lw[s ,oa ckÈ< d`h leL;k d`ks d`e d`juk] ˜lj/ ”kjh; Hwfed`k lq|kj] chgÈM ,oa catj Hwfe ds` fod`kl gsrq o"kZ t¥ d`k vf|d`re lap;u d`j Î`f"] ckxokuh] Î`f" okfud`h d`ks ^ksRlkgu nsuk] ifj;kstuk ”s( ds` nSfud` etnwjkÍ d`ks jkstxkj mi¥C| d`jkuk] i;kZoj.h; larq¥u lqfuf'pr d`juk] ^næZu/ ^fæ”. ds` ek÷;e ls ¥kHkfƒZ;kÍ d`h ”erk mUu;u lqfuf'pr d`juk vkfn vkrs gß\ Hwfe lEcfU|r eq“; leL;kvkÍ eÍ ˜lj] chgÈM] catj gksuk] t¥ Hjko] Hwfexr t¥ Lrj eÍ fujUrj Ökl d`h leL;k] fe±h d`k fujUrj d`Vko vkfn vkrh gß\ fd` Hwe≥M¥h; mÆ.hd`j. D;k gS= ☛ Hwe≥M¥h; mÆ.hd`j. (Global Warming) i;kZoj. ls lEcfU|r gS\ i;kZoj.fonkÍ d`k ekuuk gS fd` thok'e bÛ|u%isV_ks¥] Mht¥ vkfn ds` vR;f|d` iz;ksx ·t¥kus‚ ls mRlftZr gkfud`kjd` xSlkÍ ls i~Foh ds` ok;qe≥M¥ d`k rkieku cÈ
Hh fuekZ. d`h izf∂`;k,a p¥ jgh FkÓ vkSj fcx cßx l~fÆV d`k vkjEH ugÓ gS\ æks| n¥ ds` izeq[ izksœs`lj ckstkokYM ds` vuqlkj fcx cßx ls ig¥s fuekZ. d`h ?Vuk,a p¥ jgh FkÓ vFkkZrΩ blls ig¥s d`bZ ckj fcx cßx d`h lEHkouk,a cuÓ] ftls mUgkÍus ‘fcx ckmal’ uke j[k\ æks|d`rkZvkÍ ds` bl n¥ us vkbUlVhu d`h lkekU; lkis{krk ds` fl*kUr vkSj DokaVe lehd`j. d`h xgu tk∑p d`h vkSj bl fuÆd`"Z ij igq∑ps fd` fcx cßx d`k fl*kUr lgh ugÓ gS\ fd` D;k jkT;ik¥ fo|ku lHk eÍ uke funsZæu d`j lds`xk= ☛ Hkjrh; lafo|ku ds` vuqPNsn 333 ds` vuqlkj tc fd`lh jkT; ds` jkT;ik¥ d`h jk; gS fd` ml jkT; d`h fo|ku lHk eÍ vkaX¥ Hkjrh; leqnk; d`k izfrfuf|Ro vko';d` gS o mleÍ mld`k izfrfuf|Ro i;kZIr ugÓ gS] rks og ml fo|ku lHk eÍ ml leqnk; d`k ,d` lnL; uke funsZfær d`j lds`xk\ fd` vkikr mnΩ?ks".k ds` D;k izHko gkÍxs= ☛ tc vkikr d`h mnΩ?ks".k izorZu eÍ gks rc% (a) bl lafo|ku eÍ fd`lh ckr ds` gksrs gq, Hh la? d`h d`k;Zikf¥d`k æfDr d`k foLrkj fd`lh jkT; d`ks funsZæ nsus d`k gksxk fd` og jkT; viuh d`k;Zikf¥d`k æfDr d`k foLrkj fd`l jhfr ls iz;ksx d`js = (b) fd`lh fo"; ds` lEcU| eÍ fof|;k∑ cukus d`h laln d`h æfDr ds` vUrxZr] bl ckr ds` gksrs gq, Hh og la? lwph eÍ izxf.r fo"; ugÓ gS ,slh fof|;k∑ cukus d`h æfDr gksxh tks ml fo"; ds` lEcU| eÍ la? d`ks ;k la? ds` vf|d`kfj;kÍ d`ks o izkf|d`kfj;kÍ d`ks æfDr;k∑ iznku d`jrh gß o mu ij d`ÂkZO; vf|jksfir d`jrh gß\ fd` Hkjr eÍ ig¥k okbZ œ`kbZ (Wi-Fi) ægj d`kSulk gS rFkk bld`k D;k rkRi;Z gS= ☛ iq.s ægj Hkjr d`k ig¥k okbZ-œ`kbZ (Wi-Fi) ægj gksxk\ bl lEiw.Z ægj eÍ d`gÓ Hh fcuk fd`lh rkj/ds`c¥ ds` vius ¥Si VkWi ,oa ilZu¥ d`EI;wVjkÍ d`ks mPp xfr ok¥s b≥VjusV ls tksÈMk x;k gS\ b≥VjusV lEc*rk d`ks rkjkÍ ls eqDr (Wire free) d`jus ds` f¥, ,d` egRokd`ka{kh ‘vuok;fjax iq.s’ (Unwiring Pune) ifj;kstuk d`k æqHkjEH 2 vizS¥] 2007 ls fd`;k x;k gS\ fpi esd`j d`Eiuh baVs¥ d`kWiksZjsæu o psUubZ fLFkr ekb∂`kslÍl ds` lg;ksx ls ;g ifj;kstuk iq.s E;wfufLi¥ d`kWiksZjsæu }kjk izkjEH d`h xbZ gS\ ifj;kstuk iw.Z gksus eÍ d`bZ o"Z ¥xus d`h lEHkouk gS\ ●●●

^'u%‘foæs" vkfFkZd` tksu’ (SEZ– lst) d`h fopkj|kjk D;k gS= m®j%‘foæs" vkfFkZd` tksu’ (SEZ– Specific Economic Zone) d`h vizS¥ 2000 eÍ ?ks".k d`h xbZ] ftlds` eq“; mˆs'; vfrfjDr vkfFkZd` xfrfof|;kÍ d`k l~tu d`juk] oLrqvkÍ vkSj lsokvkÍ ds` fu;kZr d`ks izksRlkgu iznku d`juk] ?js¥w rFkk fonsæh lzksrkÍ ls fuosæ d`ks izksRlkgu nsuk] jkstxkj voljkÍ d`k l~tu vkSj vk|kjHwr lajpuk d`h lqfo|kvkÍ d`k fod`kl d`juk gS\ 10 œ`jojh] 2006 d`ks ‘ls t vf|fu;e’ cuk rFkk blds` izHkoh gksus ds` ckn ls vc rd` 237 ‘lst’ LohÎ`r fd`, tk pqds` gß\ ‘SEZ’ eq“; nks izd`kj ds` gß% (i) cgq-mRikn lst ,oa (ii) ,d`¥ oLrq lst] ftueÍ ∂`eæ# U;wure {ks(œ`¥ 1000 o 100 gsDVs;j gksrk gS\ vr# ‘ls t ’ eÍ fufgr lEHkoukvkÍ d`ks Hkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk d`h fofHUu leL;kvkÍ ds` funku ds` Ôi eÍ ns[k tk jgk gS] tks vkfFkZd` fod`kl gsrq ,d` batu d`k d`k;Z d`jsxk\ ^'u%vofæÆV ioZr D;k gS= m®j%og ioZr ;k LFk¥ Ôi] tks vukPNknu f∂`;kvkÍ }kjk d`Vd`j vf|d` uhpk rFkk likV fæ[j ok¥k gks x;k gS\ ;g fd`lh iwoZorhZ ioZr ;k iBkj ds` vukPNknu ds` i'pkrΩ mld`k vofæÆV Hkx gksrk gS] tks vis{kkÎ`r d`Bksj æS¥kÍ ls fufeZr gksrk gS\ fd`lh {ks( eÍ vukPNknu f∂`;kvkÍ }kjk d`kse¥ æS¥kÍ d`k vijnu æh?z gks tkrk gS] tcfd` d`Bksj ,oa izfrjks| æS¥kÍ d`k vijnu d`e gks ikrk gS\ vr# tc ,d` foLr~r {ks( vijfnr gksd`j ler¥ rFkk uhpk gks tkrk gS\ mleÍ d`Bksj ,oa izfrjks|h æS¥kÍ ok¥s Hkx lkekU; lrg ls ˜∑ps mBs gq, jgrs gß bls vofæÆV LFk¥ Ôi d`grs gß\ tSls vijnu p∂` Fks vfUre voLFkk eÍ leizk; eSnku ij fufeZr eksukMukd` vkSj bals¥cxZ\ ^'u%uhe (Neem) d`h Î`f" ,oa ekuo thou eÍ mi;ksfxrk D;k gS= m®j%uhe (Neem–Azadirachta Indica) d`h mRif® Hkjr ls gh gS\ o"Z 1995 eÍ vejhd`h Î`f" foHkx ,oa oSKkfud` W.R. Grace us ogk∑ d`h vnk¥r ls isVsUV izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1703

(Patent) d`j f¥;k ƒk] ¥sfd`u Hkjr ds` nkos ls bld`k isVsUV vius nsæ d`ks o"Z 2005 eÍ fe¥ x;k tks ,d` [qæh d`h ckr gS\ ☛ uhe ds` ¥kH%uhe ds` lHh 6 vax% tÈM] ruk] i®h] œ`¥] œw`¥ ,oa cht/ fuckS¥h vR;ar egRo ds` gß% (i) tÈM %Tojukæd` VkWfud` gsrq] (ii) ruk% (a) Nk¥ (Bark)%VkWfud`] ,fLV_atÍV] Tojjks|h] peZjksxukæd`] d`œ` fod`kjjks|h] (b) lzko%rkÈMh vkS"| ^;ksx« (c) ¥d`ÈMh%Hou] bÛ|u] œ`uhZpj« (d) Vguh%nkarqu« (iii) i®h%pkjk] peZ jksxukæd`] eYge] iqfYVl ¥ksæu] d`hVjks|h] jâ`pki fu;a(d`] fi®ukæd`] Î`feukæd`] Anticeptic, ihf¥;kjks|h (Jaundice Resistant), vka( Î`fejks|h] vUu ifjj”.] œ`ksÈMk–œqqa`lh ,oa ?ko eÍ ¥kHnk;d`\ (iv) œw`¥%Lœw`frZnk;d`] mnj fod`kjukæd` ,oa TojksijkUr VkWfud`\ (v) œ`¥%vka( Î`fejks|h] æks"d` ^æked`] if”;kÍ d`k vkgkj] coklhj (Piles) ,oa ew( fod`kjkÍ eÍ ¥kH^n\ (vi) cht ·fuckS¥h‚%rs¥ (Oil)— d`hVukæd`] Î`feukæd`] lkcqu fuekZ.] peZ jksxukæd`] lkSUn;Z ^lk|u] vYd`ksg¥ fuekZ.] vYlj eÍ ¥kH^n] xHZ fujks|d`\ [¥h (Cake)%Î`f" eÍ [kn ds` d`ke\ mi;qZâ` uhe d`h Î`f" ,oa ekuo thou eÍ mi;ksfxrkvkÍ d`ks ns[d`j d`g ld`rs gß fd`%

uhe (Neem) ds` ckjs eÍ d`gkorÍ/d`gk tkuk (Proverbs/Said–to–be) ☛ d`Yir: ☛ u, ;qx d`k vorkj ☛ jkÆV_h; o~” ☛ 21oÓ lnh d`k isÈM ☛ vnΩHqr thok.q–d`hVk.qukæd` ☛ Wonder Tree ☛ India's Patented Tree

isÈM

^'u%vkSlr iw∑th mRiknu vuqikr (Average Capital Outputs Ratio– ACOR) rƒk o~f*æh¥ iw∑th mRiknu vuqikr (Incremental Capital Output Ratio –ICOR) eÍ D;k vUrj gS=

m®j%vkSlr iw∑th mRiknu vuqikr ds` orZeku LVkWd` rƒk pk¥w

(ACOR) iww∑th

mRiknu ds` ifj.keh ^okg ds` chp lEcU| d`ks ^d`V d`jrk gS] tcfd` o~f*æh¥ iw∑th mRiknu vuqikr (ICOR) ml lEcU| d`ks O;â` d`jrk gS] tks iw∑th ds` LVkWd` eÍ nh gqbZ o~f* (ΔK) vkSj mlds` ifj.keLoÔi ^kIr mRiknu ·vk;‚ eÍ o~f* (ΔY) ds` chp gksrk gS\ ICOR d`ks ΔK/ΔY ds` lw( Ôi eÍ Hh O;â` fd`;k tkrk gS\ ACOR ,d` LƒSfrd` |kj.k gS] tcfd` ICOR xR;kRed` |kj.k gS\ vƒZækL( eÍ ^;qâ` ‘i∑wth–mRiknu vuqikr’ d`k lEcU| ICOR ls gS\ ^'u%fo|ku ifj"nΩ d`k d`k;Zd`k¥ fd`rus o"Z gksrk gS= m®j%fo|ku ifj"nΩ ,d` LFkk;h lnu gS vr# ;g d`Hh Hh Hax ugÓ gksrk\ blds` izR;sd` lnL; d`k d`k;Zd`k¥ 6 o"Z gksrk gS\ blds` ,d`- frgkbZ izR;sd` 2 o"Z ds` i'pkrΩ vod`kæ izkIr d`jrs gß\ ^'u%foÂk vk;ksx ds` D;k d`ÂkZO; gß= m®j%foÂk vk;ksx ds` d`ÂkZO; gß% 1. ;g la? o jkT;kÍ ds` chp d`jkÍ ds` æq* vkxekÍ ds` vkoaVu ds` ckjs eÍ\ 2. Hkjr d`h lafpr fuf| eÍ ls jkT;kÍ ds` jktLo eÍ lgk;rk vuqnku d`ks ækflr d`jus ok¥s fl*kUrkÍ ds` ckjs eÍ\ 3. jkT; ds` foÂk vk;ksx }kjk d`h xbZ flœ`kfjækÍ ds` vk|kj ij jkT; eÍ iapk;rkÍ ds` lalk|ukÍ d`h vuqiwfrZ ds` f¥, fd`lh jkT; d`h lafpr fuf| ds` lao*Zu ds` f¥,\ 4. jkT; ds` foÂk vk;ksx }kjk d`h xbZ flœ`kfjækÍ ds` vk|kj ij jkT; eÍ uxjikf¥d`kvkÍ ds` lalk|ukÍ d`h vuqiwfrZ ds` f¥, fd`lh jkT; d`h lafpr fuf| ds` lao*Zu ds` f¥,\ 5. lqn~È< foÂk ds` fgr eÍ jkÆV_ifr }kjk vk;ksx d`ks fufnZÆV fd`, x, fd`lh vU; fo"; ftlds` ckjs eÍ jkÆV_ifr flœ`kfjæ d`js\ ^'u%D;k lafo|ku d`h izLrkouk eÍ laæks|u gks lds`xk= m®j%lafo|ku d`h izLrkouk] lafo|ku d`k vfHUu Hkx gS\ blds` laæks|u d`k loZizFke okn ,\ ds`\ xksik¥u cuke enzkl jkT; gS ftlds` laæks|u ls bud`kj d`j fn;k x;k] blds` mijkar bu fj cs:okjh 1960 eÍ Hh mPpre U;k;k¥; us er O;Dr fd`;k fd` izLrkouk eÍ laæks|u u gks lds`xk] ijUrq ds`æokuUn Hkjrh cuke ds`j¥ jkT; eÍ mPpre U;k;k¥; us LiÆV fd`;k\ izLrkouk eÍ nks Hkx gß%(i) tksfd` lkjHwr Hkx gS% bleÍ laæks|u u gks lds`xk (ii) tksfd` lkjHwr Hkx ugÓ gS%bleÍ laæks|u gks lds`xk\ ●●●

pk¥d` eÍ vkosæ d`k izokg gksus ¥xrk gS\ oS»qr vkosæ ds` izokg d`ks gh fo»qrΩ |kjk d`grs gß\ pk∑nh eÍ eqDr b¥sDV_kWukÍ d`h la“;k lcls vf|d` gksrh gß rFkk bleÍ vf|d` la“;k eÍ b¥sDV_kWu izokfgr gksrs gß\ blf¥,] pk∑nh d`ks loZJsÆB lqpk¥d` ekuk tkrk gS\ ^'u%eg¥okÈMh O;oLFkk D;k Fkh= bls fd`lus vkSj d`gk∑ ¥kxw fd`;k Fkk= ·vjfoUn nsæok¥ f rel="nofollow">a>kuk] eqtŒœ`juxj] m\ iz\‚

^'u%iou fd`ls d`grs gß = ·lqjsæ ;kno] t;iqj] jktLFkku‚

m®j%Hwr¥ ds` ˜ij ·ok;qe≥M¥ eÍ‚ fd`lh Hh fnæk eÍ fd`lh xfr ls gksus ok¥k ok;q d`k lapkj ‘iou’ d`g¥krk gS\ iouÍ vf|d`rj {kSfrt Ôi eÍ p¥rh gß] fd`Urq ¥EcorΩ lapkj Hh ik;k tkrk gS] ftld`h vko~fÂk d`e gksrh gS\ dq`N iouÍ LFkk;h ;k lukru gksrh gß] tks iwjs o"Z ,d` fu;r fnæk eÍ p¥rh gß] tSls O;kikfjd` iou] iNqvk iou] |zqoh; iou\ dq`N iouÍ vLFkk;h ;k ekSleh gksrh gß] ftud`h fnæk ifjorZuh; gksrh gS vkSj vof| vfuf'pr rFkk NksVh gksrh gS\ ^'u%laln eÍ ukfer lnL; d`kSu gksrs gß = · uhjt dq`ekj] iwf.Z;k] fcgkj‚

m®j%laln eÍ nks lnu gksrs gß ¥ksd` lHk o jkT; lHk\ jkÆV_ifr jkT; lHk eÍ dq`¥ ckjg lnL;kÍ d`k uke funsZfær d`jsxk o ¥ksd` lHk eÍ dq`¥ nks lnL; vkaX¥ Hkjrh;] uke funsZfær d`jsxk] ;s lnL; laln eÍ ukfer lnL; gksrs gß\ ^'u%e÷; iznsæ Hw-jktLo vf|fu;e d`c ls ¥kxw gqvk = ·ftrsUnz æekZ] eanlkSj] e\ iz\‚

m®j%e÷; iznsæ Hw-jktLo vf|fu;e 2 vDVwcj] 1959 ls ¥kxw gqvk\ ^'u%pk∑nh gh fo»qrΩ d`k JsÆBre lqpk¥d` D;kÍ gS = ·vkfnR; ukjk;. vk;Z] jksgrkl] fcgkj‚

m®j%|kRoh; pk¥d`kÍ ds` ijek.qvkÍ ls dq`N b¥sDV_kWu eqDr gks tkrs gß] tks ijek.qvkÍ ds` chp ds` LFkkukÍ eÍ fofHUu fnækvkÍ eÍ vfu;fer xfr d`jrs jgrs gß\ fd`lh Hh eqDr b¥sDV_kWu d`h xfr lHh lEHo fnækvkÍ eÍ leku Ôi ls gksrh jgrh gS\ vr#] mld`h lkE; fLFkfr eÍ d`ksbZ ifjorZu ugÓ gksrk gS rFkk iwjs pk¥d` ds` lHh HkxkÍ eÍ eqDr b¥sDV_kWu leku Ôi ls fojr jgrs gß\ ;fn pk¥d` ds` fljkÍ d`ks fo»qrΩ ls¥ ls tksÈM nÍ] rks pk¥d` ds` lHh b¥sDV_kWukÍ ij c¥ ¥xus ¥xrk gS rFkk mud`k LFkkukUrj. gksus ¥xrk gS\ b¥sDV_kWu vkosfær d`. gß\ vr# b¥sDV_kWukÍ ds` LFkkukUrj. ls izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1704

m®j%eg¥okÈMh O;oLFkk d`k izLrko loZizFke 1819 bZ\ eÍ gkYV eSdÍ`th }kjk ¥k;k x;k Fkk\ 1822 bZ\ eÍ bl O;oLFkk d`ks ¥kxw fd`;k x;k\ bl O;oLFkk eÍ ek¥xqtkjh d`k cUnkscLr v¥x-v¥x xk∑okÍ ;k tkxhjkÍ ·eg¥kÍ‚ ds` vk|kj ij mu teÓnkjkÍ ;k mu ifjokjkÍ ds` eqf[;k ds` lkFk fd`;k x;k] tks lkewfgd` Ôi ls ml xk∑o ;k eg¥ d`k HwLokeh gksus d`k nkok d`jrs Fks\ iatkc eÍ xzke izFkk ds` uke ls tkuh tkus ok¥h ,d` laæksf|r eg¥okÈMh izFkk ¥kxw d`h xbZ] bl O;oLFkk d`ks xaxk ds` nksvkc eÍ if'peksÂkj izkar eÍ] e÷; Hkjr ds` dq`N HkxkÍ eÍ vkSj iatkc eÍ ¥kxw fd`;k x;k\ bl O;oLFkk ds` vUrxZr fczfVæ Hkjr d`h 30 izfrær Hwfe Fkh\ 1833 bZ\ eÍ fof¥;e cßfVad` us vius ukSoÍ vf|fu;e }kjk d`Eiuh ds` f¥, Hw-d`j 80 izfrær fu|kZfjr fd`;k\ bl O;oLFkk ds` vUrxZr Hwfe d`k LokfeRo d`Eiuh ds` ikl Fkk] ftlls Hwfe csph tk ld`us] fxjoh j[h tkus vkSj gLrkUrfjr d`h tk ld`us ok¥h oLrq cu xbZ] blls Hkjrh; xzkekÍ d`k LFkkf;Ro vkSj fujUrjrk d`k
;g Fkh fd` og ml tehu d`h ek¥xqtkjh nsrk jgs\ 1792 bZ\ eÍ jS;rokÈMh i*fr d`ks ckjkeg¥ ·enzkl izslhMÍlh‚ ft¥s eÍ ig¥h ckj d`uZ¥ jhM }kjk ¥kxw fd`;k x;k\ 1792 ls 1808 bZ\ rd` ;g i*fr izk;ksfxd` rkSj ij ¥kxw d`h xbZ\ 1820 eÍ VkWel equjks vkSj jhM d`h laLrqfr;kÍ ds` vk|kj ij ;g i*fr enzkl vkS j cEcbZ izslhMÍlh eÍ ¥kxw d`h xbZ\ bl i*fr ds` vUrxZr d`Eiuh lh|s fd`lkukÍ ls 33 ls 55 izfrær rd` Hw-jktLo olw¥rh Fkh\ ljd`kj us tc Hh pkgs ek¥xqtkjh cÈ
m®j%fd`lh ifjiFk eÍ izokfgr |kjk d`ks ekius ds` f¥, ,ehVj d`ks ifjiFk eÍ Js.h∂`e eÍ tksÈMk tkrk] ftlls ifjiFk d`h lEiw.Z |kjk ,ehVj ls gksd`j izokfgr gks\ ^'u%Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl d`h v÷;{krk lcls vf|d` ckj fd`lus d`h Fkh= ·iznhi dq`ekj ;kno] xkthiqj] m\ iz\‚

m®j%Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl d`h v÷;{krk lcls vf|d` ckj vcq¥ d`¥ke vktkn us d`h Fkh\ ^'u%Hkjr d`k vfUre fgUnw ækld` d`kSu Fkk = ·iznhi dq`ekj ;kno] xkthiqj] m\ iz\‚

m®j%Hkjr d`k vfUre fgUnw ækld` gsepUnz fo∂`ekfnR; HkxZo mœZ` gsew (1501– 56) Fkk\ ·ftrsUnz 'kekZ] eUnlkSj] e\ iz\‚ ^'u%xzg ds` Ôi eÍ I¥wVks d`h ekU;rk] m®j%izkjEH eÍ d`EI;wVjkÍ ds` mRiknu xzg d`h fd`l ifjHk"k ds` vUrxZr jnΩn d`k d`k;Z vejhd`h d`Eiuh vkbZch,e d`jrh d`h xbZ = Fkh\ lkB ds` næd` eÍ ;g d`Eiuh ds`o¥ ·fr¥d`jkt xqIrk] ;equkuxj] gfj;k.k‚ oSKkfud` vuqla|ku d`k;ksÛ ds` f¥, gh m®j%vUrjkZÆV_h; [xks¥h; la? d`EI;wVj csprh Fkh ·tSls vkbZch,e–1620 (I.A.U.) us xz g d`h fuEu ifjHk"k d`EI;wVj‚\ lÂkj ds` næd` eÍ O;kolkf;d` fu|kZfjr d`h gS% Lrj ij d`EI;wVjkÍ d`h fc∂`h æqÔ gqbZ\ ∏xzg ,d` ,slk vkd`kæh; fi≥M gS] blds` lkFk gh] O;kolkf;d` d`k;ksÛ ds` f¥, tks lh|s fd`lh rkjs d`h ifj∂`ek d`jrk gS] d`EI;wVjkÍ d`k vk;kr izkjEH gks x;k rFkk og bruk cÈMk gks fd` vius Lo;a ds` Hkjr d`h futh ,oa lkoZtfud` {ks( d`h xq:Rokd`"Z. ds` d`kj. xks¥kd`kj gks x;k vusd` d`Eifu;kÍ us d`EI;wVjkÍ d`k ,d` lkFk gks] bruk cÈMk Hh u gks fd` mlds` Hhrj vk;kr fd`;k\ ukfHd`h; vfHf∂`;k gks jgh gks rFkk tks ^'u%jS;rokÈMh O;oLFkk D;k Fkh = fd`lh vU; xzg d`h ifj∂`ek ds` iFk d`ks loZizFke bld`ks d`gk∑ vkSj fd`lus æqÔ ugÓ d`kVrk gks\π fd`;k Fkk = fiN¥s vUrjkZÆV_h; [xks¥h; la? ds` ·vjfoUn nsæok¥] f>a>kuk] eqtŒœ`juxj] m\ iz\‚ lEes¥u eÍ I¥wVks d`ks uoxzgkÍ ds` lewg ls m®j%jS;rokÈMh cUnkscLr eÍ d`k'rd`kj ckgj fd`;k x;k] D;kÍfd` ;g vU; xzg ds` tehu ds` ftl Vqd`ÈMs d`ks tksrrk-cksrk Fkk] ifj∂`ek-iFk d`ks d`kVrk gS\ mld`k ekf¥d` eku f¥;k tkrk Fkk\ ærZ ●●●

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leL;k ds` ew¥ d`kj.kÍ d`h mis{kk

okn-fookn izfr;ksfxrk fo"; # ∏le; d`h ek∑x gS fd` nsæ ds` oxZ ds` jkÆV_h; jktuhfr eÍ lf∂`; Ôi ls cqf*thoh jkÆV_h; jktuhfr eÍ Hkx ¥sus ds` eß i{k eÍ gw∑\ lf∂`; Ôi ls Hkx ¥Í\π orZeku le; d`h jkÆV_h; jktuhfr d`h d`fe;kÍ ds` lUnHZ eÍ cqf*thoh oxZ d`h i” eÍ % e|qf¥d`k feJk jkÆV_h; jktuhfr eÍ lf∂`; Ôi ls Hkxhnkjh vkt gekjs nsæ d`h jktuhfr ftl d`ks le>uk lehphu gksxk\ fnæk d`h vksj tk jgh gS] ml ij xEHhjrkiwoZd` fopkj d`juk fuf'pr Ôi ls mfpr xEHhj leL;kvkÍ d`h mis{kk gksxk] fd`Urq esjs fopkj ls fo"; ij i{k ;k gekjs nsæ eÍ orZeku le; eÍ vusd` foi{k eÍ dq`N Hh d`gus ls iwoZ fo"; ls xEHhj leL;k,a O;kIr gß] tSls%vfæ{kk] lEcfU|r dq`N æCnkÍ d`ks le> ¥suk vko- fu|Zurk] Hq[ejh bR;kfn\ bu leL;kvkÍ ';d` gksxk\ bleÍ jktuhfr ds` uhfr æCn ij xEHhjrkiwoZd` fopkj d`j bUgÍ ;kstukc* d`k vFkZ gS% rs gq, lEcU| eÍ funsZæu iznku d`js mls jktuhfr xEHhjrkiw oZd`] ;kstukc* rs rFkk HzÆV d`gs tk,axs = vkpj. d`jus ok¥kÍ ds` f¥, d`ÈMh-ls-d`ÈMh vkt ds` lUnHZ eÍ vœ`t¥xq: tSlk ltk d`k izko|ku d`jrs\ O;fâ` tks d`Hh gekjs nsæ ds` ,d` izfrfÆBr fo'ofo»k¥; d`k v÷;kid` jgk] laln ce nwjn~fÆV d`k vHko foLœ`ksV d`k≥M ds` ckn nks"h ik;k x;k rFkk vkt ds` jktuhfrKkÍ eÍ nwjn~fÆV d`k bl vijk| ds` f¥, e~R;qn≥M d`h ltk vHko gS] oks viuh lÂkk d`ks cuk, j[us izkIr d`j pqd`k gS] d`ks D;k ge cqf*thoh ds` f¥,] vf|d`-ls-vf|d` er izkIr d`jus d`g ld`rs gß= ds` f¥, tkfrokn] lEiznk;okn ds` cht cksrs gß ;fn cqf*thoh d`k rkRi;Z ;gk∑ iÈ<s- \ bl rjg oks vius {kqnz LokFkksÛ d`h iwfrZ f¥[s ¥ksxkÍ ds` ml rcds` ls gS] tks gekjh rks d`j ¥srs gß] fd`Urq blls mitus ok¥h izkphu ijEijkvkÍ] vknæksÛ d`k lEeku leL;kvkÍ ls vk∑[Í œs`j ¥srs gß\ d`jrk gS] ekuork ds` izfr d`kse¥ ≤n; ;fn cqf*thoh oxZ ds` gkFk eÍ lÂkk gks j[rk gS] uohu foKku rFkk izkS»ksfxd`h d`ks rks oks bl ckr d`ks le>rs fd` tkfrokn] viukus gsrq mRlqd` gks] rks ,sls cqf*thoh lEiznk;okn ds` cht cksd`j bZekunkj] izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1705

11/9 d`ks vejhd`k eÍ gq, vkrad`oknh Î`R; ds` ckn ls Hkjr d`k gh ugÓ fo'o Lrj d`k izR;sd` usrk vkrad`oknh d`k;Zokfg;kÍ d`h fuUnk cÈMs tksjnkj us d`h d`ksfææ d`jrs fd` ,d` ;qok ftld`h vk∑[kÍ eÍ Hkoh thou ds` vusd` uohu lius gksrs gß] D;kÍ vius vkid`ks vkrad`okn d`h HÍV pÈ
;fn cqf*thoh oxZ ds` gkFk eÍ lÂkk gks rks oks izkf.ek( ds` f¥, vfuok;Z ok;q] t¥ bR;kfn d`ks nwf"r gksus ls cpkus ds` f¥, Hjld` iz;kl d`jrs\ fu#lansg foosd`ghu O;fDr;kÍ ds` gkFk eÍ lÂkk d`k gksuk nsæ] lekt rFkk O;fâ` ds` f¥, gkfud`kjd` gS\ gekjs Lora(rk lsukfu;kÍ us cgqr dq`ckZfu;kÍ ds` ckn vktknh ik;h Fkh\ xka|h] usgÔ] lqHk" rFkk Hxrflag tSls egkiq:"kÍ us ,sls Hkjr d`k liuk rks ugÓ ns[k gksxk] tSlk orZeku eÍ gekjk nsæ gS\ vHh gk¥ eÍ Hkjr eÍ æj.kFkhZ ds` Ôi eÍ thou O;rhr d`j jgs n¥kbZ ¥kek us d`gk fd` Hkjr d`ks viuh vktknh izkIr d`jus ds` f¥, nh xbZ dq`ckZfu;kÍ d`ks ;kn d`jrs gq, mlh tksæ ds` lkFk orZeku ;qx eÍ Hh vkxs cÈ
foi{k eÍ

% izfe¥k frokjh

∏cqf*thoh fœ`j bd`VΩBk gks x, gß fœ`j dq`N tÔjh iz'u Vk¥s tk,axs\π

os cqf*thoh gß blf¥, vius ifjosæ ls ukjkt gß] ftl lÈMd` ij p¥rs gß mls thHj xfj;krs gß] ftl dq`lhZ ij cSBrs gß mld`h |fTt;k∑ mÈMkrÍ gß] ftl ek¥k d`ks igurs gß] mlds` œw`¥kÍ d`ks pqVfd`;kÍ ls el¥ nsrs gß\ os cqf*thoh gß blf¥, gj pht d`k fod`Yi gS\ muds` ikl gj fod`Yi ds` vkSj 100 fod`Yi …………π vFkkZrΩ ;s ¥kbuÍ geÍ LiÆV d`jrh gß fd` cqf*thfo;kÍ ds` ikl fd`lh Hh {ks( eÍ lq>kokÍ o fod`YikÍ d`h d`eh ugÓ gS] ¥sfd`u tÔjr gS mUgÍ ve¥h tkek igukd`j] gd`hd`r d`h nqfu;k eÍ ,d` Ôi nsus d`h\ ;gk∑ ;g Hh LiÆV gS fd` cqf*thoh tc Lo;a eÍ bruk vlUrqÆV gS] rks og jktuhfr eÍ Hkx ¥sd`j turk d`ks fd`ruk lUrqÆV d`j lds`xk= cqf*thfo;kÍ ds` ikl leL;kvkÍ d`k fod`Yi gS] ¥sfd`u os fod`Yi Lo;a eÍ cgqr cÈMh leL;k,a gß\ ,d` rjg ls og ftl lrg d`ks ns[rk gS og tehuh gd`hd`r ls d`kslkÍ nwj jgrk gS\ Hkjr tSls turkfU(d` nsæ eÍ gj jktuhfrd` O;fDr d`k ;g ig¥k d`ne gksuk vko';d` gS fd` og tu d`ks le>s rFkk mld`h leL;kvkÍ] vko';d`rkvkÍ d`ks Hh izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1706

viuk cuk,a vFkkZrΩ turU( eÍ turk vius izfrfuf| eÍ viuk vknæZ izfrfcEc ns[s\ fu#lUnsg le; cn¥k] jktuhfr cn¥h] ¥sfd`u gekjk ernkrk oxZ Bgjk gS\ u ds`o¥ ernkrk oxZ] vfirq jkÆV_h; jktuhfr Hh ¥xHx Bgjh gqbZ gS\ ;Fkk%gekjh pqukoh lHkvkÍ eÍ |kfeZd`-tkrh; lehd`j. pqukoh eqnΩnk cu tkrs gß] fd`Urq fod`kl o lqæklu D;kÍ ugÓ = D;kÍ brus ¥Ecs le; ds` ckn Hh jkÆV_h; jktuhfr eÍ n¥ bu fo";kÍ d`ks ·fod`kl o lqæklu‚ viuk pqukoh eqnΩnk ugÓ cukrh = turk tc rd` Bgjh gS ;s eqnΩns d`Hh Hh ugÓ mBÍxs\ gekjh vUrjkZÆV_h; jktuhfr eÍ ifjorZu vk;k rc tc Hkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk d`ks vkfFkZd` eanh ls cpkus gsrq 1990 eÍ oS'ohd`j. d`ks viuk;k x;k] le; cn¥rscn¥rs og le; vk x;k fd` 15-16 lk¥kÍ eÍ jktuhfrd` ,ts≥Mk gh cn¥ x;k vkSj lektokn d`h txg ij iw∑thokn d`h t; gksus ¥xh gS = blus oxZ-foHsn d`h leL;k [ÈMh d`j nh gS vFkkZrΩ Hwe≥M¥h;d`j. ds` bl ifjofrZr nkSj eÍ ,d` oxZ fod`kl d`h lEHkoukvkÍ d`ks ns[ jgk gS] rks nwljk oxZ Lo;a d`ks gkfæ, ij pÈ ugÓ ik jgh gS\ vc iz'u ;g mBrk gS fd` ,sls eÍ jktuhfr eÍ cqf*thoh oxZ d`h Hwfed`k D;k gks= D;k og oxZ tks vius lhfer nk;js eÍ ·xksfÆB;kÍ] lsfeukjkÍ] ppkZvkÍ eÍ‚ jgd`j ds`o¥ fod`Yi nsrk gks og turk ls] jktuhfr eÍ Hkx ¥sd`j] lh|s tqÈM lds`xk = bu leL;kvkÍ ds` fod`YikÍ d`ks ve¥h tkek igukus d`k D;k fod`Yi gS = mUgÍ mUgÓ ÔikÍ eÍ dS`ls ¥kxw fd`;k tk lds`xk = ;gk∑ ;g LiÆV d`j nsuk gksxk fd` jktuhfr Lo;a d`bZ phtkÍ ls izHkfor gksrh gS] ;g Lo;a eÍ ,d` tfV¥ izf∂`;k gS] vr# pkgs d`ksbZ Hh oxZ jktuhfr eÍ Hkx ¥s og viuh uhfr;k∑] j.uhfr;k∑] fod`Yi] lad`Yi vkfn d`ks ds`o¥ oSls gh ugÓ ¥kxw d`j ld`rk tSlk og pkgrk gS\ d`guk u gksxk fd` gekjh jktuhfr Lo;a eÍ cqf*thfo;kÍ d`k ,d` ?j gS] fd`Urq izkÔi cukus ls T;knk d`fBu mUgÍ lkd`kj Ôi nsuk gS\ ,sls eÍ vxj cqf*thoh oxZ jktuhfr eÍ lf∂`; Ôi ls Hkx u ¥sd`j ijns ds` ihNs d`h Hwfed`k fuHk,] rks ;g vf|d` ¥kHd`kjh o egRoiw.Z gksxh] tSls% ●

vko';d`rk bl ckr d`h gS fd` gekjk ernkrk oxZ ¥ksd`rU( d`ks le>s] ftls og vktknh ds` brus ¥Ecs vlsZ ds` ckn Hh le>us eÍ vleFkZ gS vFkkZrΩ cqf*thoh

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oxZ ehfM;k] lapkj fd`lh Hh ek÷;e ls ¥ksd`rkfU(d` fæ{kk d`k izpkj d`js\ ¥ksd`rU( eÍ jgus ok¥s izR;sd` O;fDr d`ks jktuhfrd` fæ{kk fe¥s\ ;g iz;kl fo'ofo»k¥;kÍ] egkfo»k¥;kÍ eÍ Nk(-la? ds` ek÷;e ls gks\ cqf*thoh oxZ egRoiw.Z Hwfed`k fuHk ld`rk gS\ ¥ksd`rU( d`k H; tks e÷; oxZ eÍ cSBk gS lekIr d`jds` H; eqDr okrkoj. d`h LFkkiuk d`j\ turk d`ks fe¥h oksV d`h æfDr] ftls og æfDrghu le>rh gS d`ks le>kus eÍ viuh Hwfed`k LiÆV d`jds`\ tkrh;-|kfeZd` foHsn lekIr d`jus eÍ viuh Hwfed`k fuHk, ftlds` p¥rs vkt Hh fod`kl o lqæklu gekjs pqukoh eqnΩns ugÓ cu ik jgs gß\ oS'ohd`j. ds` lgh vFkZ o ¥kH-gkfu le>kd`j\

jktuhfr d`h vis{kk ;s ,sls {ks( gkÍxs ftueÍ vxj cqf*thoh lf∂`; gks] rks mud`h Hwfed`k T;knk egRoiw.Z fl* gksrh gS\ gekjk nsæ foæk¥ o fofo|rkoknh gS vr# ,d` gh lw( gj leL;k d`k g¥ ugÓ gks ld`rk\ vr# tÔjr gS ml iz.k¥h d`ks tkuuk ftleÍ ge jgrs gß\ vUr eÍ ;gh fd` lÂkk d`k ¥ksH] fod`kl ds` ekun≥MkÍ d`ks ihNs
okn–fookn ^fr;ksfxrk ∂`ekad`%120 d`k ifj.ke fo"; #

le; d`h ek∑x gS fd` nsæ ds` cqf*thoh jkÆV_h; jktuhfr eÍ lf∂`; Ôi ls Hkx ¥Í\ i” eÍ% e|qf¥d`k feJk (M.A., M.Ed.) D/o Jh c~tsUnz dq`ekj feJ jkeuxj] ft¥k%ckjkcad`h ·m\ iz\‚ fiu%225 205 foi” eÍ% izfe¥k frokjh D/o Jh gfjizd`kæ frokjh xks≥Mk ·m\ iz\‚ fiu%271 001

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bl '¥ksd` eÍ mUgkÍus mnkgj. nsrs gq, d`gk gS fd` ;fn d`ksbZ O;fâ` uko ij p¥rk gS rks fLƒj oLrqvkÍ d`ks foijhr fnæk eÍ p¥rs gq, ns[rk gS\ Bhd` mlh ^d`kj ;s rkjs if'pe fnæk eÍ xfr d`jrs gq, fn[kbZ nsrs gß] D;kÍfd` os i~Foh ds` xfræh¥ |jkr¥ ls ns[s tk jgs gß\ ;gk∑ vk;ZH± us i~Foh d`ks viuh |qjh ij iwoZ ls if'pe d`h vksj ?wers gq, crk;k gS ] ftlls os rkjs m¥Vh fnæk eÍ ?wers fn[kbZ nsrs gß\ e÷;d`k¥ eÍ Hkjr d`ks ukuk ^d`kj ds` vk∂`e.kÍ rƒk mƒ¥–iqƒ¥ d`k lkeuk d`juk iÈMk] œ`¥r# bl n~fÆV ls ge vkxs u cÈ< lds`\ bl fojke vkSj tÈMrk ds` d`kj. oSKkfud` n~fÆV d`k Lƒku vU|fo'oklkÍ vkSj dq`jhfr;kÍ us ¥s f¥;k\

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Hkjr us ,d` mUur nwj laosnh mixzg ·d`kVksZlsV–2A‚ d`k fuekZ. fd`;k gS\ bld`k mi;ksx lSU; ,oa vU; mˆs';kÍ ds` f¥, fd`;k tk,xk] bUlSV–4 Δk~a[¥k ds` Hkjr ds` vk|qfud`re lapkj mixzg bUlSV – 4 lh vkj d`k vkU|z ^nsæ eÍ Jh gfjd`ksVk fLƒr lrhæ |ou ds`Unz ls lœ`¥re ijh”. fd`;k x;k\ vc Hkjrh; vUrfj” vuqla|ku laxBu us mixzg ^”si. ds` vUrjkZÆV_h; cktkj eÍ Hh lœ`¥rkiwoZd` ^osæ d`j f¥;k gS\ bljks ds` |zqoh; mixzg ^”si. ;ku (PSLV–C8) us bV¥h ds` 352 fd`xzk\ otu ds` mixzg ‘,tkb¥’ d`ks lœ`¥rkiwoZd` i~Foh d`h |zqoh; d`”k eÍ Lƒkfir d`j fn;k gS\

lkefjd` ”s( eÍ vkt Hkjr vR;Ur rhozxfr ls ^xfr d`j jgk gS\ iks[ju eÍ ijek.q ijh”.kÍ ds` i'pkrΩ ,d` ijek.q æfâ` ds ` Ôi eÍ Hkjr d`k mHjuk vUrjkZÆV_h; eapkÍ eÍ ppkZ d`k fo"; cu x;k gS\ nsæ eÍ fufeZr pk¥d`jfgr ¥{; Hsnh foeku ihVh, vƒkZrΩ ‘¥{;’ d`k lœ`¥ ijh”. mÈMhlk ds` pk∑nhiqj fLƒr ,d`hÎ`r ijh”. ds`Unz ls fd`;k x;k ƒk\ 4 œ`jojh] 2007 d`ks pk∑nhiqj ds` lesfd`r ijh”. jÍt ls ∏∂w`t felkb¥ cz©ekWlπ d`k lœ`¥ ijh”. fd`;k x;k ƒk\ Hkjr eÍ ∏vfXu–3π nf”. ,fæ;k eÍ lcls vf|d` nwjh rd` ekj d`jus ok¥s ^”sikL( d`k fuekZ. j”k vuqla|ku ,oa fod`kl laxBu (DRDO) }kjk fod`flr fd`;k x;k gS\ lrg ls lrg ij ekj d`jus ok¥h Lonsæ fufeZr felkb¥ i~Foh d`k 9 ebZ] 2007 d`ks lœ`¥ ijh”. fd`;k x;k\ vHh Hkjr ,d` I¥sVœ`keZ felkb¥ ·fuHZ;‚ d`k fuekZ. d`j jgk gS ftld`k ^”si. |jrh] lkxj o vkd`kæ ls fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\

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fpfd`Rlk foKku ds` ”s( eÍ tgk∑ vf[¥ Hkjrh; vk;qfoZKku laLƒku] viks¥ks vkfn viuh m®e fpfd`Rlk fof|;kÍ ds` f¥, fo'ofo“;kr gS] ogÓ nwljh vksj Hkjrh; ;ksx rƒk vk;qosZn Hh nsæ–fonsæ eÍ viuh fofæÆV igpku cuk jgs gß\ vökÍ ds` ^R;kjksi. eÍ Hh Hkjrh; fpfd`Rlk foKku us vnΩHqr lœ`¥rk ^kIr d`h gS\ gk¥ gh efLrÆd`h; vk?kr ·czsu vVSd`‚ Vk¥us d`h ubZ rd`uhd` lkeus vkbZ gS\ bl vk?kr ls cpus ds` f¥, vkWijsæu ds` Lƒku ij ,ld`kWVZ gkVZ baLVhVΩ;wV ,≥M fjlpZ lÍVj ds` MkWDVjkÍ us dS`jksfVM vkVZjh LVs¯Vx rd`uhd` ds` tfj, xzhok |efu;kÍ d`ks [ks¥us eÍ lœ`¥rk gkfl¥ d`h gS\ vejhd`h fpfd`Rlk O;olk; eÍ Hkjrh; fpfd`Rld`kÍ d`h Hwfed`k loZfofnr gh gS\

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lwpuk ^kS»ksfxd`h ds` ”s( eÍ orZeku le; eÍ Hkjr lwpuk ∂`kfUr d`k vxznwr fl* gks jgk gS\ cax¥kSj] gSnjkckn rƒk psUubZ eÍ lkWŒVos;j O;olk; d`h lœ`¥rk bld`k ^R;” mnkgj. gS\ fiN¥s o"ksÛ eÍ Hkjrh; lkWŒVos;j d`Eifu;k∑ vejhd`k] e¥sfæ;k] ¯lxkiqj] gk∑xd`k∑x rƒk ¥SfVu vejhd`h nsækÍ eÍ fu;kZr d`j jgh gß\ fu;kZr d`h n~fÆV ls Hkjrh; lkWŒVos;j m»ksx d`h lœ`¥rk d`h d`bZ d`gkfu;k∑ gß\ ,;jksukWfVd`¥ Mso¥ieÍV ,tÍlh ·,\ Mh\ ,\‚ }kjk fod`flr ·lh\ ,\ Mh\‚ lh\ ,e\ ,e\ iSds`t cÈMs cktkjkÍ eÍ lœ`¥ gß\ æS”f.d` ”s( ds` dq`N lkWŒVos;j fo'o Lrjh; laLƒkukÍ ds` }kjk d`ke eÍ ¥k, tk jgs gß\ ;wjksi rƒk vejhd`k eÍ ,;jiksVZ ls ¥sd`j Hou fuekZ. ds` f¥, Hkjrh; lkWŒVos;j d`k ^;ksx gks jgk gS\

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Allahabad Bank Probationary Officers Exam., 30-9-2007 Solved Paper

English Language (Based on Memory)

Directions—(Q. 1 to 10) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words are given in bold to help you to locate them while answering some of the questions. The main idea conveyed by the report is that our children do not get a chance to enjoy learning at school because the syllabi are irrationally organised, teaching is text book centered and the system of examinations instills fear and encourages mechanical repetition. Text books developed along the lines of reconceptualised syllabi can attempt to integrate positive values, life skills, aesthetic sensibility and concern for the environment. They are interactive and make a conscious effort to point both children and the teachers towards other sources of learning such as neighbourhood, nature etc. In addition two parallel challenges deserve attention. The first is examination reforms. Rigid indifference to individual differences is the major flaw of the present system. From the quality of questions to the manner of evaluation, it favours drilled preparedness and ignores independent thought while the unrealistically high cut offs in coveted colleges are a further sign of systemic inefficiency. It is hardly surprising that the very thought of examinations makes the young depressed. Moreover practices of splitting unified topics into arbitrary bits carrying small marks value encourage teachers to concentrate on scoring topics overlooking the importance of perspective and overall understanding. Little surprise that many elite high fee schools are opting for International Baccalaureate not because it offers status with its global certification but for its flexibility and respect for individual differences in learning. The second area is teacher training which suffers from obsolete notions. Most teachers are trained mainly to cover the syllabus in a

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1711

mechanical exam-oriented manner. By insisting that every child move at the same pace in all subjects teachers encourage rote learning and ridicule for those who fall behind. Teacher training whether for nursery or secondary school teachers should be embedded in courses, which have the capacity to develop both the teacher's personality and perspective on society by linking subject learning with reflective and creative project work. The ultimate responsibility lies with universities and institutes of higher learning to ensure the quality of all teachers. Initiatives to improve the content of teacher training courses will ensure utilisation of desolate university campuses during summer vacations which conceal an enormous waste of infrastructure and expertise. The quality of education is a reflection of the quality of teachers and major improvements in their training and working conditions will motivate the young to pursue a teaching career and determine how India fares in the pursuit of economic and social development in the years to come. 61. According to the author, what is the major weakness of the present examination system ? (A) Teachers do not take into account the nature of questions asked in the examination (B) Teachers are subjective in their assessment of papers (C) Cut off standards for admissions to good institutions need to be raised (D) It distinguishes between a creative student and a rote learner (E) It does not consider unique learning patterns of students 62. Which of the following factors is responsible for children's dislike of learning ? 1. Rigid, logical, systematic organisation of syllabus 2. Teaching methodology which does not focus on text books

3. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

Examination pattern which rewards rote learning Only (1) Both (1) and (2) Only (3) All (1), (2) and (3) None of these

63. What is the drawback of teacher training courses ? (A) They are held during summer vacations so attendance is low (B) Content is being constantly changed so teachers cannot keep up (C) Their focus is on imparting education only from an examination perspective (D) They focus on making syllabi interactive rather than focusing on examination patterns (E) None of these 64. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the context of the passage ? (A) Examinations arouse negative emotions in students (B) Weak students are at a disadvantage if teachers force students to learn at the same speed (C) Holding teacher training courses only during the academic year will help teachers cover the syllabus in an exam-oriented manner (D) The responsibility for improving the quality of teachers lies in the hands of universities (E) In the present educational system rote learning is encouraged 65. According to the author which of the following conditions will influence India's future development ? 1. Replacing traditional educational systems with globally accepted foreign systems 2. Improving employment conditions of teaching staff 3. Getting global accreditation for Indian college courses (A) Only (1) (B) Both (1) and (2) (C) Both (2) and (3) (D) Only (2) (E) None of these

66. What will be the impact of having an interactive syllabus ? (A) Teachers and students will explore sources other than the text book (B) Students may get distracted and perform poorly in examinations (C) Weaker students may get left behind (D) Teachers may not be able to cover the entire syllabus for the examination (E) Students and teachers alike will be overburdened 67. Which of the following is essential to improve the quality of education ? 1. Focus on encouraging educational systems like International Baccalaureate 2. Reducing the number of examinations students have to take 3. Lowering the cut offs for expensive colleges so that all students have access (A) None (B) Both (1) and (2) (C) All (1), (2) and (3) (D) Only (1) (E) None of these 68. Why do teachers focus on ‘scoring’ topics ? (A) Pressure from colleges who want to maintain high cut offs (B) Faulty examination pattern which divides topics into smaller sections (C) It is an objective of teacher training programmes (D) To reduce the nervousness of students during examinations (E) None of these 69. What is the author's recommendation to universities ? (A) Encourage only creative project work for primary school teachers (B) Enforce strict rules so that only those truly interested take up teaching as a profession (C) Utilise their infrastructure during the academic year for teacher training (D) Pass on responsibility for improving teacher training content to a government body (E) None of these

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2008/1712

10. Why is the International Baccalaureate gaining popularity ? (A) It is a rigid well defined system (B) It has a good reputation (C) Fees of other educational systems are too high for the quality of education given (D) It allows students some scope to learn at their own pace (E) None of these Directions—(Q. 11 to 13) Choose the word which is most nearly the SAME in meaning as the word given in bold as used in the passage. 11. Coveted (A) desired (B) priceless (C) necessary (D) private (E) valid 12. Instils (A) teach (C) orders (E) invites

(B) causes (D) inserts

13. Challenges (A) fears (B) questions (C) disputes (D) obstacles (E) conflicts Directions—(Q. 14 and 15) Choose the word which is most OPPOSITE in meaning of the word given in bold as used in the passage. 14. Desolate (A) happy (B) occupied (C) dejected (D) repaired (E) cheerful 15. Obsolete (A) stylish (C) present (E) novel

(B) fashion (D) useless

Directions—(Q. 16 to 25) Read each sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. The letter of that part is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (E) i.e. ‘No Error’. (Ignore the errors of punctuation, if any.) 16. During the flood / Shilpa's (A) (B) colleagues / prayed for / her (C) safety. No error (D) (E)

17. Everyone

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

admires Deepa / (A) because of her ability / to (B) generate / so good ideas. (C) (D) No error (E) The company has announced / a (A) bonus for all / employee who / (B) (C) achieve their sales targets. (D) No error (E) The Cashier cannot / give no (A) explanation / for the money / (B) (C) that is missing. No error (D) (E) The manager has / confidence in (A) (B) the engineer / ability to / design (C) the new software. No error (D) (E) He has been assigned / with that (A) (B) team / because he is / well (C) qualified and experienced. (D) No error (E) The company's new project / (A) cannot be launched / unless the (B) approval / of the Board. No error (C) (D) (E)

23. Instead criticizing / why don't / (A) (B) you help / with the presentation ? (C) (D) No error (E) 24. Mr. Sethi was / not given a (A) (B) promotion / because he is / (C) frequent absent. No error (D) (E)

25. Inspite of / so many hardships / Amar has managed/ (A) (B) (C) to success. No error (D) (E) Directions—(Q. 26 to 30) Which of the phrases (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below should replace the phrase given in bold in the following sentences to make the sentence grammatically correct ? If the sentence is correct as it is and there is no correction required mark (E) i.e. ‘No correction required’ as the answer. 26. The newly appointed Chairman has recent visited all our branches. (A) on a recent visit (B) recently visit to (C) recently visited (D) recent to visit (E) No correction required 27. Mr. Sen's colleagues asked him that he planned to do after his retirement. (A) when he planned (B) that his plans (C) what he planned (D) how he plans (E) No correction required 28. The Minister denied reports that prices will rose after the budget. (A) would rise after (B) will now rise (C) is rising up (D) are rising from (E) No correction required 29. They decided to begin the meeting till he arrive. (A) since he arrives (B) when he arrived (C) on arrival (D) than he arrived (E) No correction required 30. The employees successfully carried out the manager's instructions. (A) carried on (B) carried of (C) carry (D) carry away (E) No correction required Directions—(Q. 31 to 35) In each sentence below, four words printed in bold type are given. These are lettered as (A), (B), (C) and (D). One of them may be wrongly spelt or inappropriate in the context of the sentence or grammatically incorrect. The letter of that word is the answer. If there is no error of any of the above types, the answer is (E) i.e. ‘All correct’. 31. Mr. Banerjee is a popular leader since he deligates (A) (B) authority to his subordinates. All correct (C) (D) (E) 32. The manager was accompanied by several experts (A) (B) when he surveyed the devastation caused by the fire. (C) (D) All correct (E) 33. He failed to secure that crucial contract so he loss (A) (B) (C) (D) his job. All correct (E)

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34. The presents of all parties (A) (B) involved in the dispute is (C) essential. All correct (D) (E) 35. Mahesh has taken a momentous (A) decision to sell his very profitible business to his (B) (C) biggest rival. All correct (D) (E) Directions—(Q. 36 to 40) Rearrange the following six sentences (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph; then answer the questions given below them. 1. Thus rapid development is still unable to meet demand. 2. Surplus funds from hikes in passenger fares and cuts in staff have made this possible. 3. This demonstrates that it has been transformed into a modern high standard design and high service reliable system. 4. However China's railways are not problem free. 5. China's railways have been able to generate the funds needed for the construction of new railway lines internally. 6. For example at present about 2,80,000 cars are requested daily to transport goods but only half the requests can be met. 36. Which of the following is the FIFTH sentence after rearrangement ? (A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5 (E) 6 37. Which of the following is the SIXTH (Last) sentence after rearrangement ? (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 6 38. Which of the following is the SECOND sentence after rearrangement ? (A) 1 (B) 2

(C) 3 (E) 5

(C) front (E) in

(D) 4

39. Which of the following is the THIRD sentence after rearrangement ? (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 5 (E) 6 40. Which of the following is the FIRST sentence after rearrangement ? (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5 Directions—(Q. 41 to 50) In the following passage there are blanks each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each five words are suggested one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case. Although he is no longer alive, …(41)… his influence can be felt in the studio …(42)… he created cartoons and feature films which made him known and …(43)… around the world. …(44)… many people who work to create humour he took it very seriously. He would sit sadly …(45)… the funniest cartoon concentrating on some way to improve it. Walt Disney …(46)… the opinions of those working with him but the …(47)… judgement was always his. He demanded a lot …(48)… people but he gave a lot too. When the economy was not doing well he gave every one a …(49)… and though some …(50)… of this, it gave his employees' morale a boost. 41. (A) yet (C) and (E) besides

(B) even (D) till

42. (A) from (C) which (E) that

(B) where (D) while

43. (A) respect (C) loved (E) laughed

(B) seen (D) entertained

44. (A) for (C) without (E) like

(B) to (D) not

45. (A) on

(B) until

(D) through

46. (A) saw (B) concluded (C) discussed (D) discouraged (E) valued 47. (A) final (B) ultimately (C) important (D) hasty (E) lasting 48. (A) by (C) with (E) many

(B) from (D) to

49. (A) advance (C) fee (E) profit

(B) share (D) raise

50. (A) credit (B) disapproved (C) criticized (D) offended (E) paid

Answers with Explanations 1. (E) 2. (C) 3. (C) 4. (C) 5. (D) 6. (A) 7. (D) 8. (B) 9. (C) 10. (D) 11. (A) 12. (D) 13. (B) 14. (B) 15. (C) 16. (E)

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18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

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26. (C) 27. (C) 28. (A) 29. (C) 30. (E) 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 41. 46.

Wrongly Spelt Correct (B) deligates delegates (E) (D) loss lost (A) presents presence (B) profitible profitable (B) 37. (D) 38. (B) 39. (A) 40. (E) (A) 42. (B) 43. (C) 44. (E) 45. (A) (E) 47. (A) 48. (B) 49. (B) 50. (B)

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