Pratiyogita Darpan Apr09

369 o"Z

31

1527 lEiknd`h; 1529 ikBd`kÍ ds` i( 1530 jkÆV_h; ?Vukdz`e 1534 2009-10 ds` varfje 1537 1541 1544 1551 1560 1566 1568 1570 1572 1579 1581 1583 1586 1592 1594 1595 1600 1601 1603 1605 1610

uoeΩ vad

js¥ ctV eÍ ;k(h fd`jk;kÍ eÍ d`VkSrh vUrfje ds`Unzh; ctV 2009-10 : mRikn 'kqYd` o lsok d`j eÍ d`VkSrh vUrjkZÆV_h; ?Vukdz`e vkfFkZd`-okf.fT;d` ifjn~'; uohure lkekU; Kku jkT; lekpkj [s¥dw`n jkstxkj lekpkj foKku ,oa ^kS»ksfxd`h vuq^sjd` ;qok izfrHk,a Lej.h; rF; fo'o ifjn~'; vkfƒZd` ¥s[%æs;j cktkj rFkk E;wpqv¥ œ`≥M ls tqÈMh vgeΩ tkud`kfj;k∑ dS`fj;j ¥s[%,l\,l\ch\ # lsok p;u cksMZ ds` lk{kkRd`kj eÍ xq.kÍ d`k ewY;kad`u fæ{kk ¥s[%fæ{kk eÍ xq.oÂkk d`k fpUru lelkef;d` ¥s[%izoklh Hkjrh; lEes¥u # ,d` flagko¥ksd`u æSf{kd` ¥s[%loZfæ{kk vfH;ku%,d` egRokd`ka{kh ;kstuk HkSxksf¥d` ¥s[%fo'o rkiu ds` cÈ
1613 1615 1617 1620 1631 1639 1644 1647 1649 1654

vizS¥

2009

lektækL(h;` ¥s[%FkkÔ tutkfr ,oa mueÍ efg¥kvkÍ d`h lqn~È< fLFkfr lelkef;d` foKku ,oa oSKkfud` ¥s[%o"Z 2008 eÍ ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ls uokts x, fo'o ds` ;s egkuΩ oSKkfud` lkj laxzg oLrqfuÆB lkekU; Kku%(i) mÂkj iznsæ ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ·eq“;‚ ijh”k] 2008 (ii) NÂkhlxÈ< ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ·^k\‚ ijh”k] 2008 (iii) ,l\,l\lh\ d`j lgk;d` ijh”k] 2008 (iv) iatkc usæu¥ cßd` ·Î`f" vf|d`kjh‚ ijh”k] 2009 m»ksx O;kikj txrΩ ,sfPNd` fo";%(i) jktuhfr foKku%vkj\,\,l\/ vkj\Vh\,l\ ·izk\‚ ijh”k] 2008 (ii) mÂkj iznsæ ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx izk\ ijh”k ·foæs"‚ ]

2008 1660 (iii) e÷; iznsæ ih\,l\lh\ jkT; lsok ·^k\‚ ijh”k] 2008 1666 fofo| tkud`kjh%vkokl ,oa ægjh xjhch miæeu

”s( eÍ ^xfr%i;Zo¥ksd`u 1669 rdZ`æfDr ijh”k%cßd` vkWœ` cÈMkSnk ·ih\vks\‚ ijh”k] 2008 1676 1679 1683 1684 1685 1686 1688 1689

vad`xf.r%,l\,l\lh\ d`j lgk;d` ijh{kk] 2008 la“;kRed` vfH;ksX;rk ijh{kk%iatkc usæu¥ cßd` ·izcU| izfæ{kq‚ ijh”k] 2009 D;k vki tkurs gß = viuk Kku cÈ
1694 English—N.D.A. Exam., 2008

izfr;ksfxrk niZ. eÍ izd`kfær fd`lh Hh lkexzh vFkok fp( ds` f¥, lEiknd` d`h lgefr gksuk vko';d` ugÓ gS\ %lEiknd`

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1525

f^; ikBd`ks`! vkid`h ¥ksd`fiz; ,oa lokZxzx≥; if(d`k ‘izfr;ksfxrk niZ.’ d`k vizS¥ vad` vkids` le{k izLrqr d`jrs gq, geÍ g"Z ,oa lUrks" d`k vuqHo gks jgk gS\ vU; vad`kÍ d`h Hk∑fr ;g vad` Hh ijh{kksi;ksxh ,oa Kkuo*Zd` gS] bl vad` d`k ‘dS`fj;j’ ¥s[ ·lsok p;u cksMZ ds` lk{kkRd`kj eÍ xq.kÍ d`k ewY;kad`u‚ lEcfU|r izfr;ksfx;kÍ d`ks iFkizn'kZd` Ôi ls ¥kHizn gksxk\ fofHUu izfr;ksxh ijh{kkvkÍ eÍ ¥kHnk;d` gksus d`h n~fÆV ls bl vad` eÍ vusd` egRoiw.Z fucU|kÍ d`k fo'¥s".kRed` v÷;;u d`jk;k x;k gS\ bueÍ ls dq`N ¥s[ bl izd`kj gß%loZfæ{kk vfH;ku # ,d` egRokd`ka{kh ;kstuk] fæ{kk eÍ xq.oÂkk d`k fpUru] j{kk {ks( eÍ efg¥kvkÍ d`h cÈnkjh ds` lkƒ izfr;ksfxrk niZ. ifÈ<,\ ;g vkid`ks okafNr lœ`¥rk fn¥kus ,oa vkids` mTTo¥ HfoÆ; d`k fuekZ. d`jus eÍ iw.Zr# l”e gS\ vkid`h lœ`¥rk ,oa Lof.Ze HfoÆ; d`h gkfnZd` æqHd`keukvkÍ lfgr egsUê tSu ·lEiknd`‚

2009 15 ekpZ%ds`ujk cßd` ifjoh”k|hu vkWœ`hllZ ijh”k 15 ekpZ%b¥kgkckn cßd` f¥fid`h; HrhZ ijh”k 15 ekpZ%jktho xka|h uoksn; fo»k¥;/';kek izlkn eq[thZ vfHuo fo»k¥; izosæ ijh”k d`”k-6 22 ekpZ%;wd`ks cßd` ^kscsæujh vkWœ`hllZ HrhZ ijh”k 22 ekpZ%N®hlxÈ< eÍ lapk¥uk¥; efg¥k ,oa ck¥ fod`kl foHkx eÍ i;Zos”d`kÍ d`h

26 vizS¥%lh\ ch\ ,l\ bZ\ vf[¥ Hkjrh; bathfu;fjax izosæ ijh{kk (AIEEE)–2009 26 vizS¥%e\ ^\ lgk;d` ft¥k ¥ksd` vfH;kstu vf|d`kfj;kÍ d`h HrhZ ijh”k 26 vizS¥%iatkc usæu¥ cßd` f¥fid`h; HrhZ ijh”k

v^S¥-ebZ%jktLƒku ¥s[kd`kj] d`fuÆB ¥s[kd`kj ,oa rglh¥ jktLo ¥s[kd`kj lh|h HrhZ la;qDr izfr;ksxh ijh{kk–2008 ebZ%if'pe caxk¥ U;kf;d` lsok izkjfEHd` ijh{kk 3 ebZ%,\ ,œ`\ ,e\ lh\ iq.s ,e\ ch\ ch\ ,l\ ikBΩ;∂`e izosæ ijh{kk 3 ebZ%d`kWiksZjsæu cßd` f¥fid`h; laoxZ HrhZ ijh”k HrhZ ijh”k 3–5 ebZ%m\ ^\ ikWf¥VsfDud` la;qDr ^osæ ijh”k%2009 22 ekpZ%,¥\vkbZ\lh\ gkm¯lx œ`kbuÍl lgk;d`kÍ d`h HrhZ ijh”k 23 ekpZ%usrjgkV ,oa gtkjhckx vkoklh; fo»k¥; ^osæ ^kjfEHd` ijh”k–2009-10 9 ebZ%vf[¥ Hkjrh; ^h-osVjujh ijh”k%2009 ·d`{kk VI‚ 10 ebZ%,u\lh\bZ\vkj\Vh\ jkÆV_h; izfrHk [kst ijh{kk–2009 d`”k VIII ·f}rh; pj.‚ 29 ekpZ%ds`ujk cßd` ifjoh”k|hu f¥fid`h; ijh”k 10 ebZ%lh\ch\,l\bZ\ vf[¥ Hkjrh; ^h-esfMd`¥/^h-MÍV¥ ·eq“;‚ ijh{kk–2009 29 ekpZ%,l\,l\lh\ VSDl vflLVÍV iquiZjh”k–2008 17 ebZ%flfo¥ lsok izkjfEHd` ijh”k–2009 29 ekpZ%mÂkjk[≥M iqf¥l nwjlapkj foHkx lgk;d` ifjpk¥u HrhZ ijh{kk 24–26 ebZ%m®jk[≥M ikWf¥VsfDud` la;qDr ^osæ ijh”k%2009 ekpZ%jktLFkku ih\,l\lh\ v÷;kid` xzsM II ·laLÎ`r fæ{kk‚ izfr;ksxh ijh”k–2008 24 ebZ%lsUV_¥ cßd` vkWœ` bf≥M;k f¥fid`h; laoxZ HrhZ ijh”k 5 vizS¥%lh\ch\,l\bZ\ vkW¥ bf≥M;k ^h-esfMd`¥/^h-MÍV¥ ,aV_Íl ijh{kk–2009 ·vkWu¥kbu vfUre frfƒ%14 ekpZ] 2009‚ 5 vizS¥%bafM;u vksojlht cßd` ^kscsæujh vkWœ`hllZ HrhZ ijh”k 24 ebZ%,l\,l\lh\ twfu;j V_kal¥sVlZ ijh{kk%2009 12 vizS¥%vkbZ\vkbZ\Vh\ la;qDr izosæ ijh{kk–2009 ·vfUre frfƒ%20 ekpZ] 2009‚ 18-19 vizS¥%;w\ih\Vh\;w\ ¥[u˜] jkT; izosæ ijh{kk–2009 7 twu%JIPMER izosæ ijh{kk ·vfUre frfƒ%15 vizS¥] 2009‚ ·vfUre frfƒ%9 ekpZ] 2009‚ 21 twu%ch\,l\,u\,¥\ twfu;j Vs¥hd`kWe vkWfœ`llZ (JTOs) HrhZ ijh{kk 19 vizS¥%jkÆV_h; j”k vd`kneh rƒk ukSlsuk vd`kneh ijh{kk (I)–2009 ·vfUre frfƒ%6 vizS¥] 2009‚ 19 vizS¥%vkU|z ^nsæ xzkeh. fod`kl cßd` vkWfœ`l vflLVÍV ijh”k ·xzqi-ch f¥fid` laoxZ‚ 26 tq¥kbZ%la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx Lisæ¥ D¥kl js¥os vizsfUVlst ijh{kk%2009 26 vizS¥%d~`f" oSKkfud` HrhZ cksMZ d`h d~`f" vuqla|ku lsok/jkÆV_h; ik(rk ijh{kk–2009 ·vfUre frfƒ%30 ekpZ] 2009‚

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1526

vki ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds nkl er cfu, vlœ`¥rk ds` f¥, ¥ksx ^k;# ifjfLƒfr;kÍ d`ks nks" nsrs gß vkSj vUr eÍ HkX; vƒok Hxoku d`ks d`kslus ¥xrs gß\ os Hw¥ tkrs gß fd` l˙;rk d`k fod`kl ifjfLƒfr;kÍ ij fot; ^kIr d`jds` rƒk mud`ks vuqdw`¥ cukd`j gh gqvk gS\ ekuo d`k LoHko LorU(rk gS\ HkX; vƒok ifjfLƒfr ds` ^fr leiZ. ekuork ds` fo:`* gS\ ;fn HkX; d`ksbZ oLrq gS] rks mld`k Hh fuekZ. O;fDr Lo;a d`jrk gS\ vr,o geÍ viuk LoÔi igpkud`j fujUrj iq:`"kƒZ d`jrs jguk pkfg,] lœ`¥rk vo'; fe¥sxh\ nqcZ¥ ≤n; vkSj vkRefo'okl ls jfgr O;fDr ƒksÈMs ls ^;klkÍ ds` ckn gkj eku ¥srs gß vkSj viuh vlœ`¥rk d`h ftEesnkjh HkX; ;k Hxoku ij Mk¥ nsrs gß\ ,slk d`jds` os vkxkeh ^;RukÍ ds` ^fr mnklhu gks tkrs gß vkSj fd`lh vugksuh ?Vuk vkSj peRd`kj d`h ^rh”k d`jus ¥xrs gß\ lkE;okfn;kÍ us ,sls gh ¥ksxkÍ d`ks ¥{; d`jds` Hxoku d`ks vœ`he d`h xks¥h d`gk gS fd` Hxoku ds` uke ij vd`eZ≥; vkSj vk¥lh O;fDr d`®ZO; vkSj d`eZ ls fojr gks tkrs gß\ bl Js.h ds` O;fDr;kÍ eÍ ^k;# rhu d`fe;k∑ ns[us eÍ vkrh gß%(i) os viuh d`fe;kÍ d`ks Lohd`kj d`juk rks nwj] ns[us rd` ds` f¥, rS;kj ugÓ gksrs gß\ (ii) vlœ`¥rk d`h ftEesnkjh vius ˜ij ugÓ ¥srs gß\ (iii) os d`kYifud` Nfo cuk ¥srs gß vkSj mld`ks fcxÈMrk os ugÓ ns[ ld`rs\ vr# os thou ds` ;ƒkƒksÛ d`ks Hh vuns[k d`j nsrs gß\ ,slh eukso~f® ds` O;fDr viuh vlœ`¥rk vkSj (qfV;kÍ ls lcd` ¥sus ds` Lƒku ij muds` f¥, ifjfLƒfr;kÍ] HkX; rƒk bZ'oj d`ks ftEesokj ekurs gß\ viuh vlœ`¥rkvkÍ ds` f¥, Hxoku d`ks nks" nsuk Hxoku ds` ^fr ?ksj vU;k; vƒok mlds` uke d`k nq:i;ksx gh d`gk tk,xk\ ,sls ekuo d`ks ifjfLƒfr;kÍ d`k nkl vƒok muds` gkƒkÍ d`h d`Biqr¥h ekurs gß\ os Hw¥ tkrs gß fd` euqÆ; ik"k. ;qx d`h l˙;rk ls vkxs cÈ
ærkCnh d`k gh euqÆ; vkt thfor gks tk,] rks og igpku Hh ugÓ ik,xk fd` og d`gk∑ vk x;k gS\

bPNkuqlkj fnæk nh vkSj mu foijhr gokvkÍ d`ks Hh vius mRƒku rƒk ^xfr ds` f¥, mi;ksx fd`;k\ d`ksbZ ifjfLƒfr ,slh ugÓ tks vts; gks vkSj ekuo mlds` osx d`ks vius vuqdw`¥ u cuk lds`\ okLro eÍ d`eh gS la d `Yi d`h] vkRefo'okl d`h] æfDr d`h] mRlkg d`h\ bu d`fe;kÍ d`ks nwj d`jds` ifjfLƒfr;kÍ ij fot; ^kIr d`h tk ld`rh gS\ HkX; d`k ^'u rc mRiUu gksrk gS] tc leku ^;kl d`jus ij nks O;fDr;kÍ d`ks leku lœ`¥rk ^kIr ugÓ gksrh gS vƒok ,d` O;fDr d`ks ^;Ru ls vf|d` lœ`¥rk fe¥ tkrh gS vkSj nwljs O;fDr d`ks ^;Ru d`h lkis”rk eÍ lœ`¥rk cgqr d`e fe¥rh gS] ijUrq ^'u ;g gS fd` lœ`¥rk d`k ;g vUrj D;kÍ mRiUu gksrk gS\ bld`k gsrq HkX; crk;k tkrk gS\ bl lUnHZ eÍ ge foæs" foospu u d`jds` ds`o¥ bruk d`guk pkgÍxs fd` HkX; d`k fuekZ. Hh iq:"kƒZ }kjk gksrk gS\ vr,o geÍ fujUrj iq:"kƒZ d`jrs jguk pkfg, vkSj ifjfLƒfr;kÍ vƒok HkX; ds` vkxs leiZ. ugÓ d`juk pkfg,\ ftu ¥ksxkÍ us HkX; ds` fuekZ. d`k fof|orΩ v÷;;u fd`;k gS mud`k d`guk gS fd` “Sow a tendency, reap a habit,

euqÆ; ifjfLƒfr;kÍ d`k nkl rc rd` ugÓ cu ld`rk] tc rd` fd` og muds` vkxs vlgk; vuqHo u d`js vkSj vkReleiZ. u d`j ns\ bfrgkl lk”h gS fd` ekuo eÍ ifjfLƒfr;kÍ ds` vuqdw`¥u vkSj fuekZ. d`h æfDr fo»eku jgh gS] ¥sfd`u vkt ,slk ¥xrk gS fd` vkt ds` ekuo eÍ ml ”erk d`k ¥ksi gks x;k gS\ lEHor# bld`k d`kj. HkSfrd`oknh thou d`h ^|kurk gS ftleÍ HkSfrd` i*fr gh lœ`¥rk vkSj ^xfr d`k ,d`ek( ekin≥M Sow a habit, reap a character, Sow a character reap a destiny.” vƒkZrΩ ,d` gS\ ^o~f® euqÆ; d`h ^Î`fr d`k fuekZ. d`jrh gS lEHor# og ,slk vkReleiZ. d`h vkSj mld`h ^Î`fr vƒok LoHko ds` }kjk X¥kfu ls cpus ds` f¥, rƒk vkRefujh”. pfj( d`k fuekZ. gksrk gS vkSj pfj( }kjk d`jds` viuh vfeV Nfo ds` ^fr vk∑[Í vUrr# HkX; d`k fuekZ. gksrk gS\ ckr ?we cUn d`jus ds` f¥, og ifjfLƒfr;kÍ d`ks fœ`j d`j ogÓ vk tkrh gS fd` tSlk d`jÍxs nks"h Bgjkrk gS\ oLrqr# ekuo u d`Hh oSlk HjÍxs\ ;fn HkX; tSlh d`ksbZ oLrq gS] vlgk; vƒok n;uh; ƒk] u gS vkSj u rks mld`k fuekZ. lw{e eÍ u gksd`j thou d`Hh gksxk\ ds` ;ƒkƒZ d`h Hwfe ij gksrk gS\ ^R;sd` iq:"kƒhZ euqÆ; eÍ viuh oLrqr# ,d` lPpk ekuo fd`lh ds` nqcZ¥rkvkÍ vkSj dq`ÔirkvkÍ d`ks ns[us d`k v|hu ugÓ gksrk gS\ ojuΩ og Lo;a vius lkgl gksuk pkfg,] ftlls og viuh v|hu gksrk gS] D;kÍfd` ekuo d`h ekSf¥d` d`fe;k∑ nwj d`jds` ^;Ru d`h iw.Zrk d`k ^Î`fr LorU(rk gS\ okLro eÍ ekuo ogh gS fuokZg d`j lds`\ ;fn og viuh fucZ¥rkvkÍ tks loZƒk LorU( gS vkSj ftleÍ ;g vkSj dq`ÔirkvkÍ ds` ˜ij ‘fooærk’ d`h fo'okl gS fd` og viuh ifjfLƒfr;kÍ d`k pknj Mk¥rk gS] rks og ,slk d`jds` vius d`ks gh |ks[k nsrk gS\ blls cÈMk vkRe?kr Lo;a fuekZ. d`jrk gS vkSj tks HkX; rƒk vkSj dq`N ugÓ gks ld`rk gS\ egRoiw.Z ckr pfj(kÍ ds` v|hu gS og ekuo d`g¥kus ;ksX; ;g gS fd` vlœ`¥ gksuk d`ksbZ iki ugÓ\ ugÓ gS\ iki ;g gS fd` vlœ`¥rk ds` ckn fufÆ∂`; gekjs ;qok ikBd`kÍ d`ks pkfg, fd` os gksd`j cSB f¥;k tk, vkSj lœ`¥rk ds` vius LorU( LoÔi d`ks igpkuÍ vkSj f¥, ^;kl gh u fd`;k tk,\ lalkj d`h lad`Yi] iq:"kƒZ] ¥xu] vkRefo'okl vkfn cÈMh-ls-cÈMh foHwfr;kÍ d`ks Hh vlœ`¥rk fe¥h] ijUrq mUgkÍus gkj ugÓ ekuh vkSj u, ds` egRo d`ks le>us rƒk ifjfLƒfr;kÍ ij lad`Yi vkSj u, mRlkg ds` lkƒ lœ`¥rk fot; ^kIr d`jus vƒok vuqdw`¥ cukus eÍ ds` f¥, ^;Ruæh¥ cus jgs\ cqf*eku vkSj lnSo ^;Ruæh¥ jgÍ\ ,sls ;qod`kÍ d`ks iq:"kƒhZ O;fDr;kÍ us foijhr p¥us ok¥h lœ`¥rk vo'; fe¥sxh\ ●●● gokvkÍ ls Hh vius tgktkÍ d`ks viuh

✫ |uoku vkSj fu|Zu d`k vUrj fd`ruk ux≥; gS\ ,d` gh fnu d`h Hw[ vkSj ,d` gh ?≥Vs d`h I;kl nksukÍ d`ks leku cuk nsrh gS\ %[¥h¥ ftczku ✫ dq`jhfr ds` v|hu gksuk d`k;jrk gS] mld`k fojks| d`juk iq:"kƒZ gS\ %egkRek xkaa|h ✫ ∂`kfUr d`k mn; lnk ihfÈMrkÍ ds` ≤n; ,oa (Lr O;fDr;kÍ ds` vUr#d`j. eÍ gqvk d`jrk gS\ %vKkr ✫ d`ksbZ lk”h bruk fod`V vkSj d`ksbZ vfH;ksDrk bruk æfDræk¥h ugÓ gS ftruk fd` viuk gh vUr#d`j.\ %lksœ`ksD¥ht ✫ vid`hfrZ vej gS vkSj tc d`ksbZ mls e~rd` le>rk gS rc Hh og thfor jgrh gS\ %IY;wVl ✫ lglz xq.kÍ d`k lEiknu d`j ¥suk lj¥ gS] ,d` nks" Bhd` d`j ¥suk nqÆd`j gS\ %czw;j ✫ vuqÆBku ls vuqxzg ^kIr gksrk gS\ %lR; lkbÛ ckck ✫ vuqæklu fd`lh ds` ˜ij ƒksik ugÓ tkrk] vfirq vkRe vuqæklu ¥k;k tkrk gS\ %vV¥ fcgkjh cktis;h ✫ ∂`ks| ds` ¯lgkluklhu gksus ij cqf* ogk∑ ls f[ld` tkrh gS\ %,e\ gsujh

pUns d`h ubZ njÍ ·1 uoEcj] 2008 ls ¥kxw‚

izfr;ksfxrk niZ. ,d` izfr ewY; okf"Zd` ewY; #

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vaxzsth

50·00

50.00

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f}okf"Zd` ewY; # lk|kj. Mkd` ls 815·00 810·00 jftLVMZ Mkd` ls 1265·00 1260·00

lkekU; Kku niZ. ,d` izfr ewY; okf"Zd` ewY; #

35·00

lk|kj. Mkd` ls 320·00 jftLVMZ Mkd` ls 545·00

f}okf"Zd` ewY; # lk|kj. Mkd` ls 575·00 jftLVMZ Mkd` ls 1025·00 ● Î`i;k viuk lnL;rk–æqYd` euhvkWMZj

vFkok cßd` M_kŒV }kjk gh izsf"r d`jÍ\ pSd` Lohd`kj ugÓ gkÍxs\ D;k vki jkT; ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ijh{kk] ,l\ ,l\ lh\ la;qDr ijh{kk] ● vius LiÆV irs ds` lkFk ;g Hh lwfpr cßfd`ax lsok ijh{kk] Hkjrh; thou chek fuxe-iz'kklfud` vf|d`kjh ijh{kk] d`jÍ fd` vki fd`l ekg ls fd`l ekg rd` ou lsok ijh{kk] mi-fujh{kd` iqf¥l ,oa fgUnh vuqoknd`] ,e\ ch\ ,\] lh\ ds` f¥, xzkgd` cu jgs gß\ ih\,e\Vh\] lh\ch\,l\bZ\] ch\,M\ izosæ ijh{kk] js¥os vkfn ijh{kkvkÍ eÍ lfEef¥r ● iqjkus xzkgd` Î`i;k viuh xzkgd` la“;k gks jgs gß= ;fn gk∑] rks vki ,d` vkd`"Zd` iqjLd`kj izkIr d`j ld`rs gß\ d`k mY¥s[ vo'; d`jÍ\ vkid`ks d`juk flœZ` bruk gS fd` oLrqfuÆB iz'u–i(kÍ eÍ iwNs x, iz'u vki ● euhvkWMZj vFkok cßd M_kŒV ‘izfr;ksfxrk viuh Le~fr ds` vk|kj ij cgqoSd`fYid` iz'ukÍ lfgr geÍ f¥[d`j fHtok nÍ\ niZ.’ ds` uke ls gh Lohd`kj fd`, tk,axs\

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d`h Î`ik d`jÍ\

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HHqvk ·fcgkj‚

eß vkid`h if(d`k d`k 2002 ls fu;fer ikBd` gw∑\ 2002 ls eßus ^fr;ksxh ijh”kvkÍ d`h rS;kjh æqÔ d`h ƒh\ bl if(d`k ds` ek÷;e ls] tks Kku vftZr fd`;k mlls eßus vusd` ijh”k,a m®h.Z d`h gß\ orZeku eÍ] eß ds`Unzh; fo»k¥; cf¥;k ·m®j ^nsæ‚ eÍ PGT (Commerce) ds` in eß vkid`h if(d`k d`h o"Z 2007 ls ij d`k;ZjrΩ gw∑\ eß viuh bu lkjh lœ`¥rkvkÍ fu;fer ikfBd`k gw∑\ eßus tc ls ^fr;ksfxrk ds` f¥, ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. d`k vkHkjh gw∑\ eß bl niZ. if(d`k iÈs fo'okl gS fd` ,d` lk¥ rS;kjh d`jds` fd`lh Hh ^fr;ksfxrk if(d`k d`h lgk;rk ls eß ^fr;ksxh ijh”kvkÍ eÍ ijh”k d`ks ikl d`j ld`rk gS\ vo'; lœ`¥rk ^kIr d`Ô∑xh\ esjh vksj ls lquh¥ d`Vkfj;k ikuhir ·gfj;k.k‚ vkid`ks uoo"Z 2009 d`h gkfnZd` æqHd`keuk,a\ eß ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. d`k flrEcj 2005 ls T;ksRlΩuk cq¥Unægj ·m\^\‚ ikBd` gw∑\ gj eghus P.D. d`k cslczh ls bartkj eß vkid`h if(d`k ‘^fr;ksfxrk niZ.’ d`h jgrk gS\ eß IAS Pre 2009 d`h rS;kjh d`j jgk fu;fer ikfBd`k g∑w\ ;g if(d`k eq>s vkSj esjs gw∑ o lkƒ-lkƒ Computer Network d`k d`kslZ nksLrkÍ d`ks cgqr ilUn gS\ ;g cgqr gh mi;ksxh Hh d`j jgk gw∑\ rƒk :fpiw.Z if(d`k gS\ blls gekjh Compeœ`jojh 2009 ds` vad` eÍ lEiknd`h; tion lEcU|h leL;kvkÍ d`k lek|ku gksrk gS\ ‘pkfjf(d` n~ÈeÍ ubZ ge lHh fe( Group cukd`j] d`kW¥st ds` ˜tkZ Hj x;k\ iqLrd`k¥; eÍ bls iÈs esjs vfUre ¥{; rƒk ^ƒe d`kmal¯¥x eÍ Lƒku ^kIr gqvk\ bl rd` igq ∑ p us eÍ ;g es j k Hjiwj ekxZnæZu d`jsxh\ ckr d`k Js; tkrk gS ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. B. Ed. x;k ·fcgkj‚ vfrfjâ`kad` d`ks\ bleÍ le>kus d`k rjhd`k cgqr fnosæ dq`ekj feJk lj¥ o vU; xkbMkÍ ls vPNk ƒk vkSj eßus eß fiN¥s 10 o"ksÛ ls ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. d`k flœZ` vfrfjâ`kad` iÈs d`eZpkjh p;u niZ. d`ks vkHkj O;â` d`jrk gw∑\ vk;ksx }kjk vk;ksftr lqæh¥ dq`ekj Lo.Zd`kj Hqik¥ lkxj ·jktLƒku‚ ijh”k eÍ vfUre Ôi ls eß ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. d`h fu;fer ikfBd`k lœ`¥ ?ksf"r fd`;k x;k gw∑\ bl if(d`k ds` gj vx¥s vad` d`k eq>s gS\ esjk p;u bUosLVhxsVj cslczh ls bUrtkj jgrk gS\ ;g if(d`k Kku xzsM–III rƒk lad`¥ud`rkZ d`k lkxj gS\ ;g ,d` ,slh if(d`k gS] tks ijh”k 2008 eÍ lad`¥uvuNq, ig¥qvkÍ d`ks Hh lq|h vkSj ftKklq fofiu dq`ekj` d`rkZ ·d`Eikb¥j‚ in ij ikBd`kÍ ds` lkeus ijkslrh gS\ bl if(d`k d`h vfUre Ôi ls gqvk gS\ bl p;u ds` f¥, eß rq¥uk vU; d`ksbZ nwljh if(d`k ls ugÓ d`h tk vkid`ks rƒk ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. ifjokj d`k ld`rh\ ;g if(d`k loZJsÆB gS\ ;gh ,d` ,slh vkHkj O;â` d`jrk gw∑\ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. ds` lHh

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1529

vfrfjâ`kad` laxzg.h; gß [kld`j ‘Hkjrh; vƒZO;oLƒk’\ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. d`k gj vad` gekjs dS`fj;j ds` f¥, cgqewY; lkfcr gksrk gS\ bl ijh”k eÍ eßus 16ok∑ Lƒku ^kIr fd`;k gS\ fofiu dq`ekj

eqtŒœ`juxj ·m\ ^\‚

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jktsæ dq`ekj ¯lg Compiler Exam, 2008’

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vksYM cjxaMk ·>kj[≥M‚

vikj g"Z ds` lkƒ vkid`ks lwfpr d`j jgk gw∑ fd` esjk p;u fnY¥h v|huLƒ lsok ds` }kjk ^oâ`k vƒZækL( ds` in ij gks x;k gS ,oa eßus vxLr 2008 d`ks d`k;Zxzg. d`j f¥;k gS\ esjh lœ`¥rk eÍ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. d`k cgqr cÈMk ;ksxnku jgk] D;kÍfd` nwjnjkt ,oa jfo pUn d`kSfæd`` xzkeh. ”s( eÍ `jgus ok¥s Nk(kÍ d`k ,d`ek( lgh ekxZnæZu ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. gh d`j ld`rh gS\ eß ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. ds` ifjokj d`ks gkfnZd` æqHd`keuk,a nsrk gw∑\ jfo pUn d`kSfæd`

xksj[iqj ·m\ ^\‚ ●●●

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vkbZ\ih\,¥\ ds` nwljs laLd`j. gsrq f∂`ds`VjkÍ d`h uh¥keh d`k nwljk nkSj lEiUu ``vkbZ\ih\,¥\

ds` nwljs laLd`j. gsrq f∂`ds`VjkÍ d`h uh¥keh d`k nwljk nkSj lEiUu ``vksihfu;u iks¥ o ,fDtV iks¥ ds` ifj.kekÍ ds` izd`kæu-izlkj. ds` eke¥s esa pquko vk;ksx ds` u, fnæk-funsZæ ``d`kaxÈMk ?kVh js¥os d`ks fo'o |jksgj lwph esa ækfe¥ d`jkus d`k iz;kl ``iz|kuea(h d`h v÷;”rk esa xaxk unh csflu izkf|d`j. d`k xBu ``U;k;ewfrZ lkSfe( lsu ds` fo:`* egkfH;ksx izLrko ¥kus d`ks jkT; lHk ds` 58 lnL;kÍ d`h ;kfpd`k ``nsæ esa ig¥k bZ-d`ksVZ vgenkckn eÍ Lƒkfir ``15 u, ds`Unzh; fo'ofo»k¥;kÍ d`h Lƒkiuk rƒk U;k;k|hækÍ ds` u, osruekukÍ ds` f¥, ¥k, x, fo|s;d`kÍ d`ks laln d`h eatwjh # v÷;knsæ izfrLƒkfir  HzÆVkpkj ds` eke¥s esa iwoZ ds`Unzh; ea(h lq[jke d`ks rhu o"Z ds` d`kjkokl d`h ltk # vih¥ ds` f¥, tekur Hh fe¥h`

Hkjrh; f∂`ds`V da`V_ks¥ cksMZ (BCCI) ds` bafM;u izhfe;j ¥hx (IPL) VΩoÍVh-20 f∂`ds`V d`k nwljk laLd`j. 10 vizS¥% 24 ebZ] 2009 ds` nkSjku gksuk gS\ blds` f¥, fonsæh f[¥kfÈM;kÍ d`h uh¥keh xksok esa i.th esa xr 6 œ`jojh d`ks lEiUu gqbZ\ 17 f[¥kfÈM;kÍ ds` f¥, ¥xh cksf¥;kÍ ds` f¥, dq`¥ 49 f[¥kÈMh cks¥h gsrq mi¥C| ƒs\ bueÍ lokZf|d` 15·50–15·50 ¥k[ MkW¥j · 7·55–7·55 d`jksÈM :i,‚ d`h cks¥h bax¥S≥M d`h Vhe ds` iwoZ d`Irku ds`fou ihVjlu o muds` ge oru ,aM_;w fŒa¥VkWœ`

ds` f¥, ¥xh\ ihVjlu d`ks fot; ekY;k d`h cax¥wj jkW;¥ pS¥ÍtlZ ds` f¥, o ÏŒ¥VkWœ` d`ks |ksuh d`h d`Irkuh ok¥s psUubZ lqij Ïd`Xl ds` f¥, [jhnk x;k gS\ bl ew Y ; ds ` lkƒ ;g nks u kÍ f[¥kÈ M h vkbZ\ih\,¥\ ds` lkƒ-lkƒ fo'o f∂`ds`V txrΩ ds` lcls eg∑xs f[¥kÈMh gks x, gß\ bUgÍ fe¥h jkfæ vkbZ\ih\,¥\ ds` ig¥s l( ds` f¥, 20 œ`jojh] 2008 d`ks lEiUu ig¥s nkSj d`h uh¥keh esa lcls eg∑xs fcds` egsUnz ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1530

chlhlhvkbZ ds` ig¥s vkbZ\ih\,¥\ VΩoÍVh-20 f∂`ds`V VwukZesUV d`h Hkjh lœ`¥rk ds` i'pkrΩ ckW¥hoqM flrkjkÍ d`h :fp bleÍ vkSj cÈ< xbZ gS\ izhfr ÏtVk ·iatkc Ïd`Xl b¥Sfou‚ rƒk ækg:[ [ku o twgh pko¥k ·d`ks¥d`krk jkbMlZ‚ ds` i'pkrΩ ckW¥hoqM d`h ,d` vkSj æf“l;r bafM;u izhfe;j ¥hx (IPL) ds` VΩoÍVh-20 f∂`ds`V VwukZesUV ls tqÈM xbZ gß\ fczVsu fLƒr ,d` d`kjksckjh jkt dqa`Mk ds` lkƒ fe¥d`j fæYik æsVΩVh us ig¥s vkbZih,¥ VwukZeÍV d`h fotsrk jgh Vhe jktLƒku jkW;Yl esa 12 izfrær fgLlsnkjh ,eftÛx ehfM;k ls [jhnh gS\ bl lkSns ds` f¥, jktLƒku jkW;Yl d`k cktkj ewY; ¥xHx 14 d`jksÈM MkW¥j vk∑d`k x;k ƒk\ ,eftÛx ehfM;k ds` ps;jeSu eukst cnk¥s ds` vuqlkj csph xbZ fgLlsnkjh ls izkIr jkfæ d`k mi;ksx Vhe ds` f[¥kfÈM;kÍ ds` f¥, vk|kfjd` lajpuk ds` fod`kl ,oa blds` vUrjkZÆV_h; foLrkj gsrq fd`;k tk,xk\

uh¥keh ds` bl nkSj eÍ ftu vU; f[¥kfÈM;kÍ d`ks ˜∑ph cksf¥;k∑ ¥xkd`j vuqcaf|r fd`;k x;k gS] mueÍ vkLV_sf¥;k ds` æku VsV] n\ vœz`hd`k ds` ts\ih\ Mqfeuh] ckaX¥knsæ ds` eqæjZœ` eqrZtk] osLVbaMht ds` fœ`Ms¥ ,MoMΩlZ rƒk bax¥S≥M ds` vksosl ækg o ik¥ d`ksÏ¥xoqM vkfn ækfe¥ gß\ VsV d`ks jktLƒku jkW;Yl us 3.75 ¥k[ MkW¥j eÍ] nf”. vœz`hd`k ds` ts\ih\ Mqfeuh] d`ks eqEcbZ `bf≥M;al us 9·5 ¥k[ MkW¥j eÍ]

eqæjZœ` eqrZtk d`ks d`ks¥d`krk ukbV jkbMlZ us 6 ¥k[ MkW¥j esa] fœ`Ms¥ ,MoMΩlZ d`ks MsDd`u pktZlZ us 1·50 ¥k[ MkW¥j] ik¥ d`ksÏ¥xoqM d`ks fnY¥h Ms;jMsfoYl us 2·75 ¥k[ MkW¥j eÍ vuqcaf|r fd`;k gS\ mY¥s[uh; gS vkbZih,¥-II ds` rgrΩ ig¥k eSp xr fotsrk jktLƒku jkW;Yl o fnY¥h Ms;j MsfoYl ds` chp 10 vizS¥] 2009 d`ks t;iqj eÍ [s¥k tk,xk\ bl VwukZesUV ds` nks lsehœ`kbu¥ 21 o 22 ebZ d`ks psUubZ eÍ gkÍxs] tcfd` œ`kbu¥ eSp 24 ebZ] 2009 d`ks eqEcbZ eÍ [s¥k tk,xk\

vksihfu;u iks¥ o ,fDtV iks¥ ds` ifj.kekÍ ds` izd`kæu izlkj. ds` eke¥s eÍ pquko vk;ksx ds` u, fnæk-funsZæ pquko iwoZ d`jk, tkus ok¥s vksihfu;u iks¥ o pqukoksijkar ds` ‘,fDtV iks¥’ ds` ifj.kekÍ ds` izd`kæu ,oa izlkj. ds` lEcU| esa u, fnæk-funsZæ pquko vk;ksx us xr 17 œ`jojh d`ks tkjh fd`, gß\ buds` rgrΩ d`bZ pj.kÍ esa ¥ksd` lHk/fo|ku lHk pquko gksus d`h fLƒfr eÍ vksihfu;u/ ,fDtV iks¥ izd`kæu ,oa izlkj. ij izfrcU| ig¥s pj. ds` ernku lekfIr ds` 48 ?≥Vs iwoZ izkjEH gksxk rƒk vafre pj. ds` ernku d`h lekfIr rd` ;g tkjh jgsxk\ ,d` gh pj. ds` ernku d`h fLƒfr esa Hh ;g izfrcU| ernku lekIr gksus ds` f¥, fu|kZfjr le; ls 48 ?≥Vs iwoZ gh ¥kxw gksxk rƒk ernku d`h lekfIr rd` ¥kxw jgsxk\ pquko vk;ksx ds` ;g fnækfunsZæ fizUV o b¥sDV_kWfud` ehfM;k lfgr lHh rjg ds` ehfM;k ij ¥kxw gkÍxs\ mY¥s[uh; gS fd` vksihfu;u iks¥ o ,fDtV iks¥ ds` ifj.kekÍ ds` izd`kæu/ izlkj. ds` lEcU| eÍ ,sls gh fnæk-funsZæ pquko vk;ksx us ig¥s 20 tuojh] 1998 d`ks tkjh fd`, ƒs ftueÍ buds` izd`kæu ,oa izlkj. d`ks ernku ls ig¥s izpkj can gksus ds` le; ls ernku lekIr gksus ds` vk|s ?≥Vs ckn rd` ds` f¥, izfrcfU|r fd`;k x;k ƒk\ pquko vk;ksx ds` mu fnæk-funsZækÍ d`ks mPpre U;k;k¥; eÍ pqukSrh nh xbZ ƒh\ mPp-re U;k;k¥; esa bl eke¥s ij lquokbZ ds` nkSjku gh pquko vk;ksx us vius fnæk-funsZækÍ d`ks flrEcj 1999 eÍ okil ¥s f¥;k ƒk\

d`ks ;wusLd`ks d`h fo'o |jksgj lwph esa Lƒku fn¥kus ds` i'pkrΩ Hkjr ljd`kj vc fgekp¥ iznsæ fLƒr d`kaxÈMk ?kVh js¥os d`ks Hh bl lwph esa Lƒku fn¥kus d`h bPNqd` gS\ d`kaxÈMk ?kVh js¥os ds` ,sfrgkfld` o lkaLd~`frd` egRo d`ks ns[rs gq, bls ;wusLd`ks d`h |jksgj lwph esa Lƒku gsrq bl o"Z ukekafd`r fd`;k x;k gS\ iBkud`ksV ls tksÏxnj uxj ds` chp nqÔg igkÈMh ekxZ ij bl js¥ekxZ d`k fuekZ. 1926–29 ds` nkSjku fd`;k x;k ƒk rƒk 1 vizS¥] 1929 ls bls æqÔ fd`;k x;k ƒk\ 163 fd`eh ¥Ecs bl js¥ekxZ ij 30 LVsæu] 50 ls vf|d` iqf¥;k∑ o 2 lqjaxÍ gß\

iz|kuea(h d`h v÷;”rk eÍ xaxk unh csflu izkf|d`j. d`k xBu xaxk unh d`ks jkÆV_h; unh ?ksf"r d`jus ds` ckn vc bld`h lkœ`-lœ`kbZ o laj”. ds` f¥, ,d` xaxk unh csflu izkf|d`j. (Ganga River Basin Authority) d`k xBu ds`Unz ljd`kj us xr œ`jojh ekg esa fd`;k gS\ iz|kuea(h d`h v÷;”rk esa xfBr bl izkf|d`j. esa mu ik∑p jkT;kÍ ·m®jk[aM] m®j iznsæ] fcgkj] >kj[aM o if'peh caxk¥‚ ds` eq“;eaf(;kÍ d`ks Hh ækfe¥ fd`;k x;k gS ftueÍ gksd`j xaxk unh xqtjrh gS\ buds` vfrfjDr ds`Unz ds` ¥xHx vk|k ntZu eaf(;kÍ o ;kstuk vk;ksx ds` mik÷;” d`ks Hh izkf|d`j. d`k lnL; cuk;k x;k gS\ xaxk d`ks iznw". eqDr cukus o blds` t¥ ds` la;fer mi;ksx d`ks lqfuf'pr d`jus ds` f¥, cqfu;knh lksp ds` lkƒ lexz uhfr ;g izkf|d`j. cuk,xk\ izkf|d`j. ds` xBu lEcU|h izLrko ij iz|kuea(h eueksgu Ïlg us xr 17 œ`jojh d`ks eatwjh iznku d`h ftlds` i'pkrΩ i;kZoj. ,oa ou ea(k¥; us bl vkæ; d`h vf|lwpuk mlh fnu tkjh d`h gS\ ≤n; d`h ckbZikl ltZjh ds` i'pkrΩ xaxk unh csflu izkf|d`j. d`ks eatwjh iz|kuea(h eueksgu Ïlg d`k nwljk cÈMk izæklfud` œS`l¥k ƒk\ blls iwoZ 16 œ`jojh ds` varfje ds`Unzh; ctV ij Hh gLrk”j mUgkÍus fd`, ƒs\

U;k;ewfrZ lkSfe( lsu ds` fo:`* egkfH;ksx ^Lrko ¥kus d`ks jkT; lHk ds` 58 lnL;kÍ d`h ;kfpd`k

jkT; lHk ds` 58 lnL;kÍ us d`¥d`®k mPp U;k;k¥; ds` U;k;k|hæ U;k;ewfrZ d`kaxÈMk ?kVh js¥os d`ks fo'o lkSfe( lsu d`h inP;qfr ds` f¥, muds` |jksgj lwph esa ækfe¥ d`jkus fo:* egkfH;ksx izLrko ¥kus ds` f¥, ;kfpd`k lafo|ku ds` vuqPNsn 217 o 124 d`k iz;kl ds` rgrΩ lHkifr eksgEen gkfen valkjh nkftZÏ¥x fgek¥;u js¥os uh¥fxfj d`ks xr 20 œ`jojh d`ks izLrqr d`h gS] ftls ekm≥Vsu js¥os o d`k¥d`k%fæe¥k js¥ekxZ lHkifr us fopkjkƒZ Lohd`kj d`j f¥;k gS\ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1532

rnΩuqÔi tk∑p ds` f¥, rhu U;k;k|hækÍ d`h lfefr ds` xBu d`h izf∂`;k æqÔ d`h tk,xh\ ;kfpd`k ij gLrk”j d`jus ok¥kÍ esa foi” ds` usrk tloar Ïlg ·Hktik‚ ds` vfrfjDr ekd`ik ds` lhrkjke ;spqjh o c~ank d`jkr] clik ds` lrhæ panz feJ turk n¥ ·;w‚ ds` æjn ;kno] rs¥qxw nsæe ikVhZ (TDP) ds` ,e\oh\,e\ jsMΩMh] fæolsuk ds` euksgj tksæh vkfn ds` vfrfjDr euksuhr lkaln foe¥ tk¥ku Hh ækfe¥ gß\ ;g ;kfpd`k U;k;ewfrZ lsu d`ks in ls gVkus d`h nsæ ds` eq“; U;k;k|hæ d`h 4 vxLr] 2008 d`h laLrqfr ds` ckotwn ljd`kj }kjk bl fnæk esa d`ksbZ d`ne u mBkus ds` ifjizs{; esa nh xbZ gS\ U;k;ewfrZ lsu ij d`¥d`®k mPp U;k;k¥; d`h vksj ls fjlhoj ds` rkSj ij fu;qfDr ds` ckn bl gSfl;r esa jgrs gq, dq`¥ 32 ¥k[ :i, d`h gsjkœs`jh d`jus vkSj bl eke¥s ij mPp U;k;k¥; esa x¥rc;kuh d`jus ds` vkjksi ;kfpd`k eÍ ¥xk, x, gß\ ;kfpd`k ds` lkƒ iz|kuea(h eueksgu Ïlg ds` uke Hkjr ds` eq“; U;k;k|hæ ds`\ th\ ck¥kd~`Æ.u ds` ml i( d`h izfr Hh la¥Xu d`h xbZ gS] ftleÍ mUgkÍ u s U;k;k|hæ ls u ds ` f[¥kœ` egkfH;ksx izf∂`;k æqÔ d`jus d`h flœ`kfjæ d`h ƒh\ viuh bl laLrqfr ls iwoZ e÷; iz n s æ o enz k l mPp U;k;k¥;kÍ ds ` rRd`k¥hu eq“; U;k;k|hækÍ o jktLƒku mPp U;k;k¥; ds` ,d` U;k;k|hæ ds` rhu lnL;h; iSu¥ ls U;k;ewfrZ lsu ij ¥xs vkjksikÍ d`h tk∑p loksZPp U;k;k|hæ ls d`jkbZ ƒh\ ftld`h fjiksVZ ds` ckn U;k;ewfrZ lsu d`ks 2 vizS¥] 2008 rd` R;kxi( nsus d`ks mUgkÍus d`gk ƒk\ U;k;ewfrZ lsu }kjk R;kxi( nsus ls bud`kj d`jus ds` ckn muds` fo:* egkfH;ksx p¥kus d`h laLrqfr loksZPp U;k;k¥; us iz|kuea(h ls d`h ƒh\ Lora( Hkjr ds` ¥xHx Ng næd`kÍ ds` bfrgkl esa ;g nwljk volj gS] tc laln esa fd`lh U;k;k|hæ ds` fo:* egkfH;ksx izLrko d`k uksfVl fn;k x;k gS\ jkT; lHk esa ;g viuh rjg d`k ig¥k volj gS\ blls iwoZ 1991 esa ¥ksd` lHk ds` 108 lnL;kÍ us lqizhe d`ksVZ ds` U;k;k|hæ oh\ jkekLokeh ds` f[¥kœ` egkfH;ksx izLrko d`k uksfVl fn;k ƒk\ mu ij iatkc ,oa gfj;k.k mPp U;k;k¥; ds` eq“; U;k;k|hæ ds` rkSj ij vius in ds` bjknru ,oa Hkjh nq:i;ksx d`k vkjksi ¥xk;k x;k ƒk\ U;k;ewfrZ jkekLokeh ds` fo:* og egkfH;ksx d`k izLrko ikfjr ugha gks ld`k ƒk] D;kÍfd` lnu esa nf”. Hkjrh; lnL;kÍ us U;k;k|hæ d`k leƒZu fd`;k ƒk vkSj izLrko d`ks vuqeksnu ds` f¥, vko';d` nks-frgkbZ erkÍ ds` Lƒku ij ds`o¥ 196 lnL;kÍ d`k leƒZu gh bls izkIr gks ld`k ƒk\

nsæ eÍ ig¥k bZ-d`ksVZ vgenkckn eÍ Lƒkfir bZ-es¥] bZ-V_sÏMx o bZ-xousÛl vkfn ds` ckn vc ‘bZ-d`ksVZ’ Hh vfLrRo esa vk x;k gS\ nsæ esa ig¥k ekWM¥ bZ-d`ksVZ xqtjkr esa vgenkckn esa vgenkckn flVh flfo¥ ,oa lsæu U;k;k¥; esa xr œ`jojh ekg esa æqÔ fd`;k x;k gS\ bld`k mnΩ?kVu nsæ ds` eq“; U;k;k|hæ U;k;ewfrZ ds`\ th\ ck¥kd~`Æ.u us xr 8 œ`jojh d`ks fd`;k\ bZd`ksVZ esa vkjksih ohfM;ks d`kW≠Í`¯lx ds` tfj, U;k;k|hæ ds` le” viuh mifLƒfr nækZ ldÍ`xs rƒk c;ku Hh ns ldÍ`xs\ blls d`kjkxkjkÍ ls mUgÍ U;k;k¥; rd` ¥kus ¥s tkus d`h vko';d`rk ugÓ gksxh] d`kjkxkj o iqf¥l eq“;k¥; ds` vfrfjDr œ`ksjÍfld` ¥scksjsVjh d`ks Hh ig¥s bZ-d`ksVZ ifj;kstuk esa U;k;k¥; ls vkWu ¥kbu lEc* fd`;k x;k gS\ vgenkckn esa ig¥s bZ-d`ksVZ d`k mnΩ-?kVu d`jrs gq, eq“; U;k;k|hæ U;k;ewfrZ ck¥kd~`Æ.u us crk;k fd` eqEcbZ o nsæ ds` vU; HkxkÍ esa Hh bZ-U;k;k¥;kÍ d`h Lƒkiuk d`h tk,xh] fd`Urq blds` f¥, jkT; ljd`kjkÍ d`ks Hh vkxs vkuk gksxk\

15 u, ds`Unzh; fo'ofo»k¥;kÍ

d`h Lƒkiuk rƒk U;k;k|hækÍ ds` u, osruekukÍ ds` f¥, ¥k, x, fo|s;d`kÍ d`ks laln d`h eatwjh %v÷;knsæ izfrLƒkfir mPpre U;k;k¥; o mPp U;k;k¥;kÍ ds` U;k;k|hækÍ ds` osru eÍ o~f* rƒk nsæ esa 12 u, ds`Unzh; fo'ofo»k¥;kÍ d`h Lƒkiuk o 3 ekStwnk jkT; fo'ofo»k¥;kÍ d`ks ds`Unzh; fo'ofo»k¥; ds` Ôi eÍ izksUu;u gsrq v÷;knsæ ds`Unz ljd`kj }kjk tuojh 2009 eÍ tkjh fd`, x, ƒs\ bu v÷;knsækÍ d`ks izfrLƒkfir d`jus ok¥s fo|s;d`kÍ d`ks laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ us xr œ`jojh ekg esa ctV

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1533

l( esa ikfjr d`j fn;k gS\ ds`Unzh; fo'ofo»k¥; fo|s;d` ds` izko|kukÍ ds` rgrΩ u, ds`Unzh; fo'ofo»k¥; fcgkj] xqtjkr] gfj;k.k] fgekp¥ iznsæ] tEew-d`'ehj] >kj[≥M] d`ukZVd`] ds`j¥] mÈMhlk] iatkc] jktLƒku vkSj rfe¥ukMq esa Lƒkfir fd`, tk,axs\ buds` v¥kok N®hlxÈ< ds` xq: ?klhnkl fo'ofo»k¥;] e÷; iznsæ ds` MkW\ gfjÏlg xkSj fo'ofo»k¥; vkSj m®jk[≥M eÍ gseoarh uanu cgqxq.k fo'ofo»k¥; d`ks ds`Unzh; fo'ofo»k¥; d`k ntkZ fn;k tk,xk\ fo|s;d` ij gqbZ ppkZ d`k m®j nsrs gq, ekuo lalk|u fod`kl jkT; ea(h Mh\ iqjans'ojh us d`gk fd` ljd`kj mu jkT;kÍ esa u, fo'ofo»k¥;kÍ d`h Lƒkiuk `d`j jgh gS] ftueÍ ig¥s ls d`ksbZ ds`Unzh; fo'ofo»k¥; ugÓ gS\ U;k;k|hækÍ ds` osruekukÍ ds` lEcU| esa tuojh 2009 eÍ tkjh v÷;knsæ ds` rgrΩ Hkjr ds` eq“; U;k;k|hæ d`k osru ,d` ¥k[ :i, ^frekg rƒk mPp U;k;k¥;kÍ ds` eq“; U;k;k|hækÍ d`k osru 90 gtkj :i, izfrekg fd`;k x;k gS\ bu U;k;k¥;kÍ ds` U;k;k|hækÍ ds` osru eÍ Hh rnuqÔi o~f*;k∑ d`h xbZ gß\ ;g u, osrueku 1 tuojh] 2006 ls izHkoh fd`, x, gß\

HÆVkpkj ds` eke¥s eÍ iwoZ ds`Unzh; ea(h lq[jke d`ks rhu o"Z ds` d`kjkokl d`h ltk # vih¥ ds` f¥, tekur Hh fe¥h vk; ds` Kkr lzksrkÍ ls vf|d` lEif® j[us ds` eke¥s esa iwoZ ds`Unzh; lapkj jkT; ea(h lq[jke d`ks HzÆVkpkj fujks|d` vf|fu;e d`h fofHUu |kjkvkÍ ds` rgrΩ rhu o"Z ds` d`kjkokl d`h ltk `lhchvkbZ d`h fnY¥h

fLƒr foæs" vnk¥r ds` U;k;k|hæ oh\ ds`\ ekgs'ojh us xr 25 œ`jojh d`ks lqukbZ gS\ blds` lkƒ gh nks ¥k[ :i, d`k tqekZuk Hh vnk¥r us mu ij vkjksfir fd`;k gS\ bl œS ` l¥s ds ` fo:* vih¥ mPp U;k;k¥; esa nk;j d`jus ds` f¥, le; nsrs gq, 82 o"hZ; lq[jke d`ks 50 gtkj :i, ds` futh eqp¥ds` ij tekur lhchvkbZ d`h vnk¥r us iznku d`h gS\ 1991–96 ds` nkSjku ih\oh\ ujÏlg jko d`h ljd`kj eÍ lapkj ea(h jgs lq[jke ij vk; ds` ?ksf"r lzksrkÍ ls vf|d` 4·25 d`jksÈM :i, d`h lEif® lq[jke j[us d`k nks"h vnk¥r us d`jkj fn;k gS\ bleÍ 3·61 d`jksÈM :i, d`h og ud`nh Hh ækfe¥ gß] tks 16 vxLr] 1996 ds``lhchvkbZ Nkis ds` nkSjku muds` fnY¥h o fgekp¥ iznsæ fLƒr vkokl ls cjken d`h xbZ ƒh\ bleÍ ls 2·45 d`jksÈM :i, muds` fnY¥h fLƒr vkokl ls o 1·16 d`jksÈM :i, eaMh ·fgekp¥ iznsæ‚ fLƒr vkokl ls lhchvkbZ us cjken fd`, ƒs\ lhchvkbZ us vkjksi ¥xk;k ƒk fd` 1991– 96 ds` nkSjku ¥ksd` lsod` jgrs gq, mUgkÍus ;g lEif® voS| rjhds` ls vftZr d`h\ ·voS| Ôi ls vftZr bl lEif® d`ks tCr d`jus ds` vknsæ esa vnk¥r ds` 25 œ`jojh, 2009 ds` œS`l¥s esa vnk¥r us fn, gß\‚ bl eke¥s esa 27 vxLr] 1996 d`ks izkƒfed`h ntZ d`jus ds` ckn lhchvkbZ us mUgÍ flrEcj 1996 eÍ fxjŒrkj d`j f¥;k ƒk\ ckn eÍ fnY¥h mPp U;k;k¥; ls 14 vDVw c j] 1996 d`ks mUgÍ tekur fe¥ xbZ ƒh\ ●●

2 ^fr'kr d`h

2009-10

ds` varfje js¥ ctV eÍ ;k(h fd`jk;kÍ eÍ d`VkSrh

xbZ gS\ ,lh œ`LVZ D¥kl] ,lh Vw] ,lh Fkzh fV;j o ,lh ps;jd`kj ds` fd`jk;kÍ eÍ Hh 2 ^fr'kr d`h d`eh d`h xbZ gS\ fd`jk;kÍ eÍ ;g d`VkSrh 1 v^S¥] 2009 ls ^Hkoh gksxh rFkk blls iwjs o"Z eÍ 700 d`jksÈM :i, d`k fo®h; Hkj js¥os ij iÈMsxk\

¥ksd` ¥qHkou ctV ¥kus ds` f¥, 50 :i, rd` ds` fd`jk, eÍ ^fr ;k(h ,d` ctV eÍ 2009-10 ds` f¥, js¥os d`h ^fl* gks pqds` js¥ ea(h ¥k¥w ^lkn ;kno :i, d`h d`eh tgk∑ d`h xbZ gS] ogÓ 50 :i, us fo®h; o"Z 2009-10 ds` f¥, varfje ls vf|d` fd`jk, ds` eke¥s eÍ ;g d`VkSrh okf"Zd` ;kstuk eÍ 37905 d`jksÈM :i, ds` ctV xr 13 œ`jojh d`ks ¥ksd` lHk eÍ ^Lrqr fd`;k\ iUnzgoÓ ¥ksd` lHk ds` pquko fud`V gksus ds` d`kj. pkj ekg d`k [pZ p¥kus ds ` f¥, ¥s[kuqnku (Vote on Account) ikfjr d`jkus ds` f¥, varfje ctV gh bl ckj mUgkÍus ^Lrqr fd`;k gS\ vius bl NBs js¥ ctV eÍ Hh ;k(h fd`jk;kÍ eÍ dq`N d`eh d`jds` pqukoh i~ÆBHwfe rS;kj d`jus d`k ^;kl tgk∑ mUgkÍus fd`;k gS] ogÓ ek¥HkÈMkÍ d`ks vifjofrZr j[rs gq, m»fe;kÍ ,oa O;kikfj;kÍ d`h okg-okgh ¥wVus d`k ^;kl fd`;k x;k gS\ lkFk gh 43 ubZ js¥ xkfÈM;k∑ p¥kus d`h ?ks".k d`j fofHUu {ks(kÍ d`h turk d`ks [q'k d`jus d`k ^;kl bl ctV ds` tfj, js¥ ea(h us fd`;k gS\ pqukoh o"Z eÍ ^Lrqr varfje js¥ ctV eÍ 10 fd`eh ls vf|d` nwjh d`h ;k(k ds`

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1534

js¥ ctV ,d` n~fÆV eÍ fooj. ;krk;kr ls dq`¥ ^kfIr;k∑ fofo| ^kfIr;k∑ dq`¥ ^kfIr;k∑ lk|kj. lapk¥u O;; iÍ'ku fuf| eÍ fofu;ksx ewY;Ökl vkjf{kr fuf| eÍ fofu;ksx dq`¥ lapk¥u O;; fofo| O;; pk¥w ¥kbu fuekZ. jktLo vU; fofo| O;; tksÈM fofo| O;; dq`¥ O;; 'kq* jktLo dq`¥ ¥kHka'k vkf|D;/d`eh js¥ fod`kl fuf| eÍ fofu;ksx iw∑th fuf| eÍ fofu;ksx ifjpk¥u vuqikr 'kq* jktLo d`k C;kt ns; iw∑th rFkk iw∑th fuf| ls fuos'k ls vuqikr

fuos'k d`k ^Lrko gS\ lUnfHZr o"Z eÍ js¥os d`h ek¥ vk;] ;k(h vk;] vU; œq`Vd`j vk; o vU; d`ksfpax vk; dz`e'k# 59059 d`jksÈM :i,] 25000 d`jksÈM :i,] 6000 d`jksÈM :i, o 3000 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur gS\ bl ^d`kj ld`¥ ;krk;kr ^kfIr;k∑ 93159 d`jksÈM :i, gkÍxh] tks pk¥w o"Z

la'kksf|r

ctV

2008-09

2009-10

82393·00

93159·00

1840·18

2147·22

84233·18

95306·22

55000·00

62900·00

10490·00

13690·00

7000·00

7000·00

72490·00 58·00 618·66 676·66 73166·66 11066·52 4710·96 6355·56 1391·00 4964·56 88·3 ^fr'kr

83590·00 60·00 779·74 839·74 84429·74 10876·48 8304·22 5572·26 — 5572·26 89·9 ^fr'kr

10·6 ^fr'kr

9·1

^fr'kr

2008-09 ds`

la'kksf|r vuqekukÍ ls 10766 d`jksÈM :i, vf|d` gß\ 2009-10 eÍ js¥os d`k lkekU; lapk¥u O;; 62900 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur fd`;k x;k gS] tks 2008-09 ds` la'kksf|r vuqekukÍ ls 7900 d`jksÈM :i, vf|d` gS\ js¥ ea(h ds` vuqlkj lkekU; lapk¥u O;; eÍ ;g o~f* eq“;r# NBs osru vk;ksx d`h flœ`kfj'kkÍ ds` ifj^s{; eÍ d`eZpkfj;kÍ d`ks 60 ^fr'kr d`h cd`k;k jkf'k ds` Hqxrku gsrq ^ko|ku ds` d`kj. gksxh\ 2009-10 eÍ dq`¥ lapk¥u O;; 83600 d`jksÈM :i,] ¥kHka'k iwoZ dS`'k ljI¥l (Cash Surplus Before Dividend) 18846·77 d`jksÈM :i,

o vkW i js f Va x js ' ;ks 89·9 ^fr'kr gksus d`k vuqeku gS\ la'kksf|r vkd`¥u ds` vuqlkj 2008-09 eÍ ¥kHka'k iwoZ dS`'k ljI¥l 19320·40 d`jksÈM :i, jgus d`k vuqeku gS] tcfd` fiN¥s o"Z ctV eÍ ;g 24782·98 d`jksÈM :i, ¥f{kr Fkk ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1535

Code: 06095 Rs. 275/-

varfje js¥ ctV 2009-10 : ^eq[ fcUnqvkÍ ij ,d` n~fÆV ● ●

● ● ●

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● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

lk|kj. iSlÍtj xkfÈM;kÍ ds` ;k(h fd`jk;kÍ eÍ 10 fd`¥ksehVj ls vf|d` d`h ;k(k ds` f¥, ^fr ;k(h ipkl :i, d`h ¥kxr rd` ds` fd`jk;s eÍ ,d` :i, d`h d`VkSrh\ lHh es¥ ,Dl^sl vkSj lk|kj. ;k(h xkfÈM;kÍ ds` f}rh; Js.h vkSj 'k;u;ku Js.h ds` fd`jk;kÍ eÍ ipkl :i, vkSj mlls vf|d` d`h ¥kxr ok¥h ^fr ;k(h fVd`VkÍ eÍ 2 ^fr'kr d`h d`VkSrh\ okrkuqdw`f¥r ^Fke Js.h] okrkuqdw`f¥r f}rh; Js.h] okrkuqdw`f¥r r~rh; Js.h vkSj okrkuqdw`f¥r dq`lhZ;ku ds` fd`jk;kÍ eÍ Hh 2 ^fr'kr d`h d`VkSrh\ 2008-09 eÍ ek¥
rFkk iwoZ o"Z 2007-08 eÍ ;g 25006·19 d`jksÈM :i, jgk Fkk\ blh ^d`kj vkWijsfVax js';ks d`h fLFkfr Hh bu o"ksÛ eÍ [jkc gqbZ gS\ 2007-08 eÍ js¥os d`k ‘vkWijsfVax js';ks’ 75·9 ^fr'kr Fkk] tks la'kksf|r vuqekukÍ ds` vuqlkj 2008-09 eÍ 88·3 ^fr'kr jgus d`h lEHkouk gS] tcfd` 2009-10 ds` f¥, ;g 89·9 ^fr'kr ¥f{kr fd`;k x;k gS\ bld`k vFkZ ;g gS fd` js¥os us ^fr ,d` :i;k vftZr d`jus ds` f¥, 75·9 iS l s 2007-08 eÍ [pZ fd`, Fks] tks 2008-09 eÍ 88·3 iSls o 2009-10 eÍ 89·9 iSls gkÍxs\ 2009-10 eÍ js¥os }kjk ek¥
x;k gS\ 2009-10 ds` nkSjku 43 ubZ js¥xkfÈM;k∑ p¥kus] 14 js¥xkfÈM;kÍ ds` ekxZ foLrkj o 14 gh vU; js¥xkfÈM;kÍ ds` œs`jkÍ eÍ o~f* d`k ^Lrko ctV eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ ctV Hk". eÍ js¥ ea(h us crk;k fd` iwohZ MsMhds`VsM œzs`V d`kWfjMksj ij nksgjh ¥kbu d`k fuekZ. 10 œ`jojh] 2009 ls ^kjEH d`j fn;k x;k gS rFkk if'peh œzs`V d`kWfjMksj d`k fuekZ. Hh œ`jojh 2009 eÍ gh 'kqÔ d`j fn;k tk,xk\ mUgkÍus crk;k fd` Ng ÔV ekxksÛ%fnY¥h-ve~rlj] vgenkckneqEcbZ-iq.s] gSnjkckn-fot;okÈMk-psUubZ] psUubZ-cax¥kSj-,.kZdq`¥e o gkoÈMk-gfYn;k ds` chp cq¥sV V_su p¥kus ds` f¥, ^hœ`hftfcf¥Vh LVMh d`jkus d`h d`k;Zokgh ig¥s gh p¥ jgh gS rFkk lkroÍ fnY¥hiVuk ÔV ij Hh cq¥sV V_su p¥kus ds` f¥,

^h-œ`hftfcf¥Vh LVMh d`jkus d`h d`k;Zokgh 'kh?z gh 'kqÔ d`h tk,xh\ mUgkÍus crk;k fd` Nijk eÍ js¥ ifg;k d`kj[kus d`k fuekZ. d`k;Z rsth ls fd`;k tk jgk gS rFkk eÈ
uohu laLd`j.

lHh Lrj d`h cßfd`ax lsokvkÍ eÍ lk{kkRd`kj d`h rS;kjh gsrq mi;ksxh lkexzh\

¥s[d`}; # tSu ,oa prqosZnh d`ksM ua\ 120 ewY; # 70/-

mid`kj izd`kæu] vkxjk%2 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.upkar.in

varfje ds`Unzh; ctV 2009-10 # mRikn æqYd` o lsok d`j eÍ d`VkSrh fo®h; o"Z 2009-10 ds` ig¥s pkj eghukÍ ds` [pZ d`h iwfrZ ds` f¥, ¥s[kuqnku ikfjr d`jkus ds` f¥, lUnfHZr o"Z d`k vUrfje ctV fo® ea(h d`k nkf;Ro fuHk jgs ^.c eq[thZ us xr 16 œ`jojh d`ks ¥ksd` lHk eÍ ^Lrqr fd`;k\ 15oÓ ¥ksd` lHk ds` f¥, pquko fud`V gksus ds` d`kj. vUrfje ctV gh bl ckj ^Lrqr fd`;k x;k gS\ 2009-10 ds` f¥, fu;fer ctV d`h ^Lrqfr pqukoksijkar xfBr gksus ok¥h ljd`kj }kjk d`h tk,xh\ ebZ 2004 eÍ l®k eÍ vkbZ ;wih, ljd`kj d`k ;g NBk ctV gS\ ig¥s ik∑pkÍ ctV MkW\ ih\ fpnEcjeΩ }kjk laln eÍ ^Lrqr fd`, x, Fks\ ^.c eq[thZ }kjk ^Lrqr varfje ctV eÍ ^R;{k ,oa v^R;{k d`jkÍ ds`
^.c eq[thZ

4

^fr'kr d`h ml d`VkSrh d`k ¥kH 31 ekpZ] 2009 ds` ckn Hh tkjh jgsxk\ ;g ?ks".k Hh fo® ea(h eq[thZ us 24 œ`jojh] 2009 d`ks ¥ksd` lHk eÍ varfje ctV ij ppkZ ds` nkSjku d`h\ bu jkgrkÍ ls 29100 d`jksÈM :i, d`k Hkj jktd`ks" ij iÈMsxk rFkk jktd`ks"h; ?kVk Hh ctV eÍ ¥f{kr 5·5 ^fr'kr ls cÈ
vkd`¥u (Revised Estimates) ^Lrq r d`jrs gq, crk;k fd` lUnfHZr o"Z eÍ ljd`kj d`k dq`¥ O;; 750884 d`jksÈM :i, ctV eÍ vuqekfur Fkk] tks la'kksf|r vkd`¥u eÍ 9,00,953 d`jksÈM :i, jgus d`k vuqeku vc ¥xk;k x;k gS\ 2008-09 eÍ jktLo ?kVk (Revenue Deficit) thMhih d`k 1·0 ^fr'kr o jktd`ks"h; ?kVk thMhih d`k 2·5 ^fr'kr jgus d`k ctV vuqeku Fkk\ rktk la'kksf|r vkd`¥u eÍ 2008-09 eÍ jktLo ?kVk thMhih d`k 4·4 ^fr'kr o jktd`ks"h; ?kVk (Fiscal Deficit) thMhih d`k 6·0 ^fr'kr jgus d`k vuqeku gS\ varfje ctV eÍ 2009-10 ds` nkSjku ds`Unz ljd`kj d`k dq`¥ O;; 9,53,231 d`jksÈM :i, jgus d`k vuqeku ¥xk;k x;k gS] ftleÍ 2,85,149 d`jksÈM :i, vk;kstuk O;; (Plan Expenditure) o 'ks" 6,68,082

ctV d`k lkj ·d`jksÈM :i, eÍ‚

11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

jktLo izkfIr;k∑ d`j jktLo ·ds`Unz d`ks fuo¥‚ d`j-fHUu jktLo iw∑th izkfIr;k∑ (5+6+7)$ )`.kÍ d`h olw¥h vU; izkfIr;k∑ m|kj vkSj vU; ns;rk,a$ dq`¥ izkfIr;k∑ (1+4)$ vk;kstuk-fHUu O;; jktLo [krs ij ftleÍ C;kt Hqxrku iw∑th [krs ij vk;kstuk O;; jktLo [krs ij iw∑th [krs ij dq`¥ O;; (9+13) jktLo O;; (10+14) iw∑th O;; (12+15) jktLo ?kVk (17–1)

2007-08

2008-09

2008-09

2009-10

okLrfod`

ctV vuqeku

laæksf|r vuqeku

ctV vuqeku

541925 439547 102378 170807 5100 38795 126912 712732 507650 420922 171030 86728 205082 173572 31510 712732 594494 118238 52569 (1·1) 126912 (2·7) – 44118 – (0·9)

602935 507150 95785 147949 4497 10165 133287 750884 507498 448352 190807 59146 243386 209767 33619 750884 658119 92765 55184 (1·0) 133287 (2·5) – 57520 –(1·1)

562173 465970 96203 338780 9698 2567 326512 900953 617996 561790 192694 56206 282957 241656 41301 900953 803446 97507 241273 (4·4) 326515 (6·0) 133821 (2·5)

609551 497596 111955 343680 9725 1120 332835 953231 668082 599736 225511 68346 285149 248349 36800 953231 848085 105146 238534 (4·0) 332835 (5·5) 107324 (1·8)

ctV ^Lrqfr ds` le; ugÓ ^Lrkfor fd`;k x;k Fkk] fd`Urq ckn eÍ 24 œ`jojh d`ks ¥ksd` lHk eÍ varfje ctV ij ppkZ ds` le; mRikn 'kqYd` (Excise Duty) o lsok d`j (Service Tax) eÍ 2-2 ^fr'kr fcUnq d`VkSrh d`h ?ks".k Jh eq[thZ us d`h\ blls lsuoSV (CENVAT) nj vc 10 ^fr'kr ls ?Vd`j 8 ^fr'kr jg xbZ gS\ ftu mRiknkÍ ij mRikn 'kqYd` d`h nj ig¥s gh 20. jktd`ks"h; ?kVk 8 ^fr'kr ;k 4 ^fr'kr Fkh] mu ij ;g [16 – (1+5+6)] nj iwoZorΩ cuh jgsxh\ lsok d`j d`h nj eÍ 21. izkƒfed` ?kVk (20 – 11) 2 ^fr'kr fcUnq d`h d`VkSrh ls ;g nj 12 ^fr'kr ls ?Vd`j 10 ^fr'kr jg xbZ gS\ $ bleÍ cktkj fLƒjhd`j. ;kstuk ds` lEcU| eÍ izkfIr;k∑ ækfe¥ ugÓ gß] tks ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` KkrO; gS fd` lsuoSV d`h nj d`ks 7 ud`n æs" eÍ cuh jgÍxh vkSj O;; ds` f¥, mud`k mi;ksx ugÓ fd`;k tk,xk\ fnlEcj] 2008 ds` ig¥s jktd`ks"h; iSds`t uksV # fofHUu ?kVkÍ ·jktLo ?kVk] jktd`ks"h; ?kVk o izkƒfed` ?kVk‚ d`ks thMhih ds` eÍ 14 ^fr'kr ls ?Vkd`j 10 ^fr'kr 31 izfrær ds` Ôi eÍ fud`k¥us ds` f¥, 2009-10 eÍ thMhih 60,21,426 d`jksÈM :`i, ekpZ] 2009 rd` ds` f¥, gh fd`;k x;k Fkk\ iz{ksfir d`h xbZ gS] tks lh,lvks }kjk 2008-09 ds` f¥, vkd`f¥r thMhih ·54,26,277 foÂk ea(h d`h rktk ?ks".k ds` vuqlkj d`jksÈM :`i,‚ ls 10·97 izfrær vf|d` gS\ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1537

d`jksÈM :i, vk;kstuk fHUu O;; (Non- 2008 d`ks d`h xbZ 4 ^fr'kr d`VkSrh d`k Tax) ¥kxw d`jus d`h ckr Hh foÂk ea(h Plan Expenditure) gksxk\ 9,53,231 ¥kH 31 ekpZ] 2009 ds` ckn Hh tkjh j[us us vius ctV Hk"k eÍ nksgjkbZ gS\ ls ;g ?kVk thMhih d`k 6 ^fr'kr rd` tk iwoZ o"ksÛ d`h rjg bl o"Z Hh ctV eÍ ljd`kj ds` [pZ d`h lcls cÈMh en C;kt vnk;xh gS\ 2009-10 eÍ C;kt vnk;fx;kÍ ds` f¥, 2,25,511 d`jksÈM :i, d`k ^ko|ku varfje ctV eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ lqj{kk ds` f¥, 1,05,600 d`jksÈM :i, d`k ^ko|ku 2008-09 ds` ctV eÍ fd`;k x;k Fkk\ la'kksf|r vkd`¥ukÍ eÍ 2008-09 eÍ ;g 1,14,600 d`jksÈM :i, jgus d`k vuqeku gS\ 2009-10 eÍ lqj{kk ds` f¥, 1,41,703 d`jksÈM :i, vkoafVr fd`, x, gß\ 200910 eÍ eq“; lfClfM;kÍ gsrq 95,579 d`jksÈM :i, varfje ctV eÍ vkoafVr fd`, x, gß\ bleÍ lokZf|d` 42,489·72 d`jksÈM :i, crkSj [k» lfClMh fu|kZfjr gS\ nslh moZjd` ·;wfj;k‚ ds` f¥, 8580·25 d`jksÈM :i, o vU; fu;af(r moZjd` ds` f¥, 33,600 d`jksÈM :i, d`h lfClMh d`k d`jksÈM :i, ds` dq`¥ ^Lrkfor O;; eÍ ld`rk gS \ ‚ ^kFkfed` ?kVk (Primary Defi^ko|ku gS \ isV_ksf¥;e mRiknkÍ ds` f¥, 8,48,085 d`jksÈM :i, jktLo O;; (Rev3109 d`jks È M :i,] C;kt lfClMh ds` f¥, cit) 1,07,324 d`jks È M :i, thMhih d`k 1·8 enue Expenditure) o `1,05,146 d`jksÈM 2608·56 d`jks ÈM :i,] gt ;kf(;kÍ `ds` ^fr'kr jgsxk\ jktLo ?kVs o jktd`ks"h;

:i, iw∑thxr O;; (Capital Expenditure) gS\ bl O;; d`h HjikbZ ds` f¥, 2009-10 eÍ ds`Unz ljd`kj d`h jktLo ^kfIr;k∑ (Revenue Receipts) 6,09,551 d`jksÈM :i, ·d`j jktLo 4,97,596 d`jksÈM :i, o xSj d`j jktLo 1,11,955 d`jksÈM :i,‚ o iw∑thxr ^kfIr;k∑ (Capital Receipts) 3,43,680 d`jksÈM :i, ctV eÍ vuqekfur d`h xbZ gß\ ^kfIr;kÍ ,oa O;;kÍ ds` bl vkd`¥u ls 2009-10 eÍ ds`Unz d`k jktLo ?kVk 2 3 8 5 3 4 d`jksÈM :`i, ·thMhih d`k 4·0 ^fr'kr‚ o jktd`ks"h; ?kVk 3,32,835 d`jksÈM :`i, ·thMhih d`k 5·5 ^fr'kr‚ jgus d`k vuqeku vUrfje ctV eÍ ¥xk;k x;k gS\ ·mRikn 'kqYd` o lsok d`j eÍ ckn eÍ ?ksf"r 2-2 ^fr'kr d`h d`VkSrh ls ,oa lsuoSV d`h nj eÍ 7 fnlEcj] ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1538

?kVs ds` ;g Lrj lkekU; ls vf|d` gß] fd`Urq fo® ea(h us vk'kk O;Dr d`h gS fd` vFkZO;oLFkk ds` iqu# fod`kl d`h iVΩVh ij vkus ij ,œ`vkjch,e ,DV eÍ fufnZÆV ¥{;kÍ d`ks ^kIr fd`;k tk lds`xk\ 2009-10 d`h dq`¥ 4,15,691 d`jksÈM :i, d`h vk;kstuk ds` f¥, lexz ctVh; lgk;rk 2,85,149 d`jksÈM :i, fu|kZfjr d`h xbZ gS\ jkT;kÍ ls Hh fo® ea(h us d`gk gS fd` os jktd`ks"h; ?kVs d`h fpUrk NksÈM cqfu;knh
f¥, 620 d`jksÈM :i,] phuh ds` cœ`j LVkWd` ds` j[j[ko ds` f¥, 300 d`jksÈM :i,] [k» rs¥kÍ ds` vk;kr gsrq 200 d`jksÈM :i,] ,lVhlh d`ks vfuok;Z oLrqvkÍ d`h vkiwfrZ ds` f¥, gksus ok¥s uqd`lku d`h HjikbZ ds` f¥, 200 d`jksÈM :i, d`h lfClMh d`k ^ko|ku bleÍ 'kkfe¥ gS\ varfje ctV eÍ ds`Unz ljd`kj d`h egRoiw.Z ;kstukvkÍ ds` f¥, tks vkoaVu 2009-10 ds` f¥, fd`, x, gß] mueÍ jkÆV_h; xzkeh. jkstxkj xkjaVh ;kstuk ds` f¥, 30,100 d`jksÈM :i,] loZf'k{kk vfH;ku gsrq 13,100 d`jksÈM :i,] Ldw`¥kÍ eÍ e÷;kUg ;kstuk (Mid Day Meal) ;kstuk gsrq 8000 d`jksÈM :i,] ,d`hd~`r ck¥ fod`kl `;kstuk (ICDS) gsrq 6,705

2009-10 ds` f¥, ds`Unz ljd`kj d`k varfje ctV ^Lrqr d`jrs gq, fo® ea(h ^.c eq[thZ us ;wih, ljd`kj d`h foxr ik∑p o"ksÛ d`h mi¥fC|;kÍ d`k C;kSjk ^Lrqr fd`;k\ bl lUnHZ eÍ mUgkÍus crk;k fd` ljd`kj d`h uhfr;kÍ ls 2004-05 ls 2007-08 ds` nkSjku ds` pkj o"ksÛ eÍ ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn (GDP) eÍ dz`e'k# 7·5 ^fr'kr] 9·5 ^fr'kr] 9·7 ^fr'kr o 9·0 ^fr'kr d`h o~f* ^kIr d`h xbZ\ mUgkÍus crk;k fd` Hkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk eÍ ig¥h ckj ¥xkrkj rhu o"ksÛ rd` 9 ^fr'kr ls vf|d` o~f* nj ;wih, ljd`kj ds` d`k;Zd`k¥ eÍ ns[h xbZ\ ^fr O;fDr vk; Hh bl vof| eÍ 7·4 ^fr'kr d`h nj ls cÈkj[≥M vkSj rfe¥ukMq eÍ fLFkr gß\ d`kS'k¥ fod`kl d`h fn'kk eÍ o"Z 2004-05 eÍ ljd`kj }kjk d`h xbZ ?ks".k ds` vuqlj. eÍ] ¥xHx 500 vkS»ksfxd` ^f'k{k. laLFkkukÍ d`ks mRd~`ÆVrk ds`UnzkÍ ds` Ôi eÍ mUur fd`;k x;k gS rFkk d`kS'k¥ fod`kl ds` f¥, lefUor d`k;Z ;kstuk ds` vfHUu Hkx ds` Ôi eÍ] ljd`kj us d`kS'k¥ fod`kl eÍ futh {ks( d`h Hkxhnkjh d`ks ^ksRlkfgr o lefUor d`jus ds` f¥, 1 gtkj d`jksÈM :i, d`h vkjfEHd` fuf| ls tq¥kbZ 2008 eÍ jkÆV_h; d`kS'k¥ fod`kl fuxe d`h LFkkiuk d`h gS\

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1539

d`jksÈM :i,] lEiw.Z xzkeh. LoPNrk ● 2008-09 eÍ jktLo ?kVk 55,184 ● o"Z 2009-10 eÍ e÷;kÕ Hkstu ;kstuk d`k;Zdz`e gsrq 1200 d`jksÈM :i,] jkÆV_h; d`jksÈM :i, ·thMhih d`k 1 izfrær‚ ds` ds` f¥, 8000 d`jksÈM :i, vkoafVr\ ● ,d`hd~`r ck¥ fod`kl ;kstuk (ICDS) ds` f¥, 2009-10 eÍ izLrkfor vkoaVu 6,705 d`jksÈM :i,\ bl ;kstuk ds` rgrΩ cPpkÍ ds` fod`kl d`ks ekuhVj d`jus ds` f¥, fo'o LokLF; laxBu ds` ck¥ fod`kl ds` u, ekud` viuk, x,\ ● tokgj ¥k¥ usgÔ jkÆV_h; ægjh uohd`j. feæu (JNNURM) ds` vUrxZr 31 fnlEcj] 2008 rd` 39,000 d`jksÈM :i, d`h ¥kxr ok¥h 386 ifj;kstuk,a Lohd~`r\ 2009-10 ds` f¥, bl d`k;Zdz`e gsrq 11,842 d`jksÈM :i, d`k vkoaVu\ ● o"Z 2009-10 ds` f¥, jktho xka|h xzkeh. is; t¥ feæu ds` f¥, 7,400 d`jksÈM :i,] xzkeh. LoPNrk d`k;Zdz`e ds` f¥, 1,200 d`jksÈM :i,] jkÆV_h; xzkeh. LokLF; feæu ds` f¥, 12,070 d`jksÈM :i, vkSj Hkjr fuekZ. ds` f¥, 40,900 d`jksÈM :i, vkoafVr\ ● Hkjrh; ;wfud` igpku izkf|d`j. ds` f¥, 2009-10 d`h okf"Zd` ;kstuk eÍ 100 d`jksÈM :i, d`k izko|ku\ ● ljd`kj vx¥s nks o"ksÛ eÍ lkoZtfud` {ks( ds` cßd`kÍ d`k iqu# iw∑thd`j. d`jsxh] ctV vuqeku d`h rq¥uk eÍ laæksf|r xzkeh. LokLF; fe'ku gsrq 12,070 d`jksÈM rkfd` cßd` ifjlEif® 12 izfrær d`k jktLo ?kVk 2,41,273 d`jksÈM `:i, :i, rFkk Hkjr fuekZ. ;kstuk ds` f¥, iw∑th lEc* tksf[e Hkjkaæ ifjlEif® ·thMhih d`k 4·4 izfrær‚ vuqekfur\ 40,900 d`jksÈM :i, ds` vkoaVu 'kkfe¥ gß\ j[us eÍ leƒZ gks lds`\ 2009-10 eÍ jktLo ?kVk 2,38,534 lkekftd` {ks( eÍ 2008-09 ds` nkSjku gh ● GST ·xqMΩl ,≥M lfoZl VSDl‚ 1 d`jksÈM :`i, ·thMhih d`k 4·0 izfrnks ubZ ;kstuk,a 'kqÔ d`jus d`h ?ks".k viz S ¥ ] 2010 ls ¥kxw fd`;k tk,xk\ ær‚ vuqekfur\ ctV ^Lrqr d`jrs gq, fo® ea(h ^.c eq[thZ us d`h\ bueÍ bafnjk xka|h jkÆV_h; ● 2008-09 eÍ jktd`ks"h; ?kVk 1,33,287 ●●● fo|ok iÍ'ku ;kstuk o bafnjk xka|h jkÆV_h; d`jksÈM :i, ·thMhih d`k 2·5 izfrær‚ fod`¥kaxrk iÍ'ku ;kstuk 'kkfe¥ gß\ bafnjk jktLƒku eÍ ch\,M\ ikBΩ;∂`e eÍ jgus d`k vuqeku ƒk\ laæksf|r vkd`¥u xka|h jkÆV_h; fo|ok iÍ'ku ;kstuk ds` rgrΩ eÍ ;g 3,26,515 d`jksÈM :i, ·thMhih ^osæ gsrq ^h–Vhpj ,T;wds`æu VsLV 40–64 o"Z d`h fo|okvkÍ ds` f¥, ds`Unz d`h d`k 6 izfrær‚ vuqekfur\ 2009-10 eÍ (PTET)-2009 vksj ls 200 :i, ^frekg iÍ'ku d`k jktd`ks"h; ?kVk 3,32,835 d`jksÈM :`i, jktLƒku eÍ ekU;rk ^kIr laLƒkukÍ eÍ ^ko|ku tgk∑ fd`;k x;k gS] ogÓ bafnjk ·thMhih d`k 5·5 izfrær‚ vuqekfur\ xka|h jkÆV_h; fod`¥kaxrk iÍ'ku ;kstuk ds` ● 2009-10 eÍ C;kt vnk;fx;kÍ gsrq l( 2009-10 eÍ ch\ ,M\ ikBΩ;∂`e eÍ ^osæ gsrq ^osæ ijh”k ihVhbZVh–2009 ·^h\ Vhpj rgrΩ xEHhj Ôi ls fod`¥kax O;fDr;kÍ ds` 2,25,511 d`jksÈM :i,] lqj{kk gsrq ,T;wds`æu VsLV –2009‚ d`k vk;kstu egf"Z f¥, bruh gh iÍ'ku d`k ^ko|ku gS\ 1,41,703 d`jksÈM :i, o lfClMh gsrq n;kuUn ljLorh fo'ofo»k¥;] vtesj }kjk 13 v^S¥] 2009 d`ks fd`;k tk,xk\ bl 1,00,932 d`jksÈM :i, d`k izko|ku\ varfje ctV 2009-10 : izeq[ fcUnq ^osæ ijh”k eÍ ækfe¥ gksus ds` f¥, vkosnu– ,d` n~fÆV eÍ ● 2009-10 eÍ jkÆV_h; xzkeh. jkstxkj fo'ofo»k¥; d`h lEcfU÷kr osclkbV ls xkjaVh ;kstuk ds` f¥, 30,100 d`jksÈM i( ● ctV vuqeku 2008-09 eÍ ds`Unz ljd`kj 9 ekpZ] 2009 ls Mkmu¥ksM fd`, tk ld`rs :i, vkoafVr\ 2008-09 eÍ 138·76 gß\ vkosnu–i( vkWu ¥kbu Hh Hjs tk ld`rs d`k dq`¥ O;; 7,50,884 :i, jgus d`k d`jks ÈM Je fnolkÍ d`k l~tu] ftleÍ gß \ ijh”k lEcU÷kh foLr~ r tkud`kjh ctV vuqeku ƒk\ laæksf|r vuqeku 3·51 d`jksÈM ifjokjkÍ d`ks ig¥s gh lEcfU÷kr osclkbV PTET2009.com ls ¥h 2008-09 eÍ ;g 9,00,953 :i, d`h jks t xkj fn;k tk pqd`k gS\ tk ld`rh gS\ Mkmu¥ksMsM vkosnu–i( lEHkouk gS\ 2009-10 ds` nkSjku ljd`kj d`k dq`¥ O;; 9,53,231 d`jksÈM :i, ● loZfæ{kk vfH;ku ds` rgrΩ ¥xHx 98 Hjd`j ^osæ ijh”k æqYd` ds` lkƒ fu÷kkZfjr vuqekfur gS\ bleÍ vk;kstuk O;; izfrær cfLr;kÍ d`ks izkƒfed` fo»k¥;kÍ d`¥sDæu lÍVj ij tek d`jkus d`h vfUre 23 ekpZ] 2009 gS\ bl lEcU÷k eÍ 2,85,149 d`jksÈM :i, vkSj vk;kstuk}kjk ækfe¥ fd`;k x;k gS\ bl d`k;Zdz`e frfƒ foLr~r tkud`kjh gsrq fo'ofo»k¥; d`h fHUu O;; 6,68,082 d`jksÈM :i, ds` f¥, 2009-10 ds` f¥, 13,100 osclkbV ,oa Lƒkuh; lekpkj–i( ns[Í\ vuqekfur gS\ d`jksÈM :i, d`k vkoaVu\ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1540

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eÍ u, lalnh; pqukokÍ eÍ fd`lh Hh ikVhZ d`ks cgqer ugÓ # xBca|u ds` ^;kl tkjh O``jkÆV_ifr in ij nks ls vf|d` ckj fuokZpu ds` i” eÍ osustq,¥k eÍ tuer laxzg O``eukl fLƒr vejhd`h ok;qlSfud` ds`Unz can d`jus d`k fd`fxZLrkuh ljd`kj d`k œS`l¥k O``ikfd`Lrku eÍ la;qDr jkÆV_ jktuf;d` d`k vigj. O``ckaX¥knsæ jkbœ`Yl eÍ fonzksg O``vœ`xkfuLrku eÍ vejhd`h lSfud` cÈ
^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1541

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200506

2006- 2007- 200807 08 09

0.05 10.34

5.84 10.17

3.95 4.86 11.00 8.10

2.61 4.82

8.15

4.89

8.84

3.27

4.66

6.63 4.77

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9.06 5.06

11.77 8.20 5.27 5.26

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11.98 8.49

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12.02

10.69

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lsok,a ftleÍ% (a) O;kikj] gksV¥] ifjogu ,oa lapkj (Trade, Hotels, Transport and Communication) (b)

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9.28

(Community Services including Social and Personal Services)

miknku ¥kxr ij ld`¥ ?js¥w 8.52 7.47 9.52 9.75 9.01 7.09 mRikn (GDP at Factor Cost) uksV% 2007-08 ds` f¥, vk∑d`ÈMs Rofjr vkd`¥u (Quick Estimates) gß] tcfd` 2008-09 ds` f¥, ;g vfxze vkd`¥u (Advance Estimates) gß\

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1544

2007-08

eÍ d~`f" {ks( eÍ o~f* 4·86 ^fr'kr jgh Fkh] tcfd` m»ksxkÍ o lsokvkÍ eÍ o~f* dz`e'k# 8·1 ^fr'kr o 10·85 ^fr'kr jgh Fkh\ 2008-09 eÍ lsok {ks( eÍ lokZf|d` 10·28 ^fr'kr o~f* O;kikj] gksV¥] ifjogu o lapkj ds` oxZ eÍ ntZ d`h xbZ gS\ thMhih eÍ {ks(okj o~f* ds` ;g vk∑d`ÈMs rkf¥d`k eÍ n'kkZ, x, gß\

lh,lvks ds` rktk vfxze vkd`¥u eÍ rhu ekg ls tkjh gS\ blh ds` p¥rs vDVwcj] uoEcj o fnlEcj 2008 eÍ fu;kZr o~f* )`.kRed` jgh gS] ftlls pk¥w fo®h; o"Z ds` ig¥s ukS eghukÍ ·v^S¥fnlEcj 2008‚ eÍ oLrqxr fu;kZrkÍ eÍ MkW¥j ewY; eÍ 17·1 ^fr'kr d`h gh o~f* ntZ d`h xbZ gS\ lUnfHZr vof| eÍ ;g fu;kZr 131·990 vjc MkW¥j ds` jgs gß\ iwoZ o"Z Hkjrh; vƒZO;oLƒk ij eanh ds` vlj d`k lads`r ;»fi d`jrs gß] rƒkfi bld`k LiÆV ^ek. d`h leku vof| ·v^S¥-fnlEcj 2007‚ eÍ fo®h; o"Z d`h rhljh frekgh ·vDVwcj-fnlEcj 2008) ds` vk∑d`ÈMkÍ eÍ fe¥rk gS\ vDVwcj-fnlEcj Hkjr ds` oLrqxr fu;kZr 112·737 vjc MkW¥j ds` jgs Fks\ fons'kh O;kikj ds` ;g 2008 d`h vof| ds` thMhih ds` vk∑d`ÈMs lh,lvks us ckn eÍ 27 œ`jojh] 2009 d`ks tkjh fd`, gß\ vuafre vk∑d`ÈMs okf.T; ea(k¥; us xr 2 œ`jojh d`ks tkjh fd`,\ bu vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` vuqlkj v^S¥-fnlEcj 2008 eÍ Hkjr ds` vk;krkÍ eÍ o~f* MkW¥j ewY; eÍ 31·5 ^fr'kr 8. 9 jgh gS rFkk bl vof| eÍ dq`¥ vk;kr 5.3 225·809 vjc MkW¥j ds` jgs gß] tks iwoZ o"Z d`h leku vof| v^S¥-fnlEcj 2007 eÍ 171·718 vjc MkW¥j ds` Fks\ blls v^S¥-fnlEcj 2008 ds` nkSjku ns'k d`k O;kikj ?kVk ·fu;kZrkÍ d`h rq¥uk eÍ vk;krkÍ 6. 9 d`k vkf|D;‚ 93·819 vjc MkW¥j jgk gS\ 8.6 2007-08 eÍ leku vof| eÍ O;kikj ?kVk 5.3 4.3 3.8 3.3 58·981 vjc MkW¥j ntZ fd`;k x;k Fkk\ -0.2 2008-09 eÍ miknku ¥kxr ij ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn (GDP at Factor C o s t ) pk¥w ewY;kÍ ij 54,26,277 d`jksÈM :i, ·1·107 fV_f¥;u MkW¥j‚ rFkk jkÆV_h; vk; (NNP a t Factor Cost) fLFkj ewY;kÍ ·19992000 ds` ewY; Lrj‚ ij 29,61,249 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur gS\ iwoZ o"Z 2007-08 eÍ ;g

1999-2000

-2.2

17.3 11.9

11.6 9.0

6.8

6.7

(

) 2007-08

9.5 5.5

(

) 2008-09

KBK

buds` vuqlkj bl frekgh eÍ ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn eÍ o~f* 5·3 ^frær jgh gS tks iwoZ o"Z d`h leku vof| ·vDVwcj-fnlEcj 2007) eÍ 8·9 ^frær jgh ƒh\ 2008-09 d`h lanfHZr rhljh frekgh eÍ Î`f" ”s( eÍ o~f* )`.kRed` 2·2 ^frær (2007-08 d`h leku vof| eÍ 6·9 ^frær‚ rƒk fofuekZ.h eÍ Hh ;g )`.kRed` 0·2 ^frær (2007-08 d`h leku vof| eÍ 8·6 ^frær‚ jgh gS\ 27,64,795 d`jksÈM :i, ·Rofjr vuqeku‚ Fkh\ 2008-09 eÍ tula“;k 115·4 d`jksÈM jgrs gq, ^fr O;fDr vk; (Per Capita Income) pk¥w ewY;kÍ ij 38084 :i, o fLFkj ewY;kÍ ij 25661 :i, jgus d`k vfxze vuqeku gS\ 2007-08 eÍ ^fr O;fDr vk; pk¥w ewY;kÍ ij 33,283 :i, o fLFkj ewY;kÍ ij 24,295 :i, jgh Fkh\ lh,lvks ds` vfxze vkd`¥u eÍ 2008-09 eÍ ns'k ds` ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn (GDP) eÍ ^kFkfed`] f}rh;d` o r~rh;d` {ks( d`k ;ksxnku dz`e'k# 17·1, 25·9 o 57·0 ^fr'kr vuqekfur gS\

fu;kZr laxBukÍ ds` egkla? ‘fœ`;ks’ v÷;{k ,\ 'kfDros¥ ds` vuqlkj vkus ok¥s dq`N eghukÍ eÍ fu;kZr o~f* d`h nj )`.kRed` gh cus jgus d`h lEHkouk gS\ blls 2008-09 eÍ 200 vjc MkW¥j ds` fu;kZr ¥{; d`h ^kfIr d`h d`ksbZ lEHkouk ugÓ jgh gS\ ·;g ¥{; ckn eÍ ?Vkd`j 125 vjc MkW¥j d`j fn;k x;k gS‚ eanh ds` p¥rs fu;kZrkÍ eÍ okf.T; ea(k¥; ds` bu vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` f'kfFk¥rk # v^S¥-fnlEcj vuqlkj v^S¥-fnlEcj 2008 eÍ MkW¥j 2008 ds` fons'kh O;kikj ds` ewY; eÍ fu;kZrkÍ eÍ o~f* nj tgk∑ 17·1 ^fr'kr jgh gS] ogÓ :i, ewY; eÍ ;g o~f* vk∑d`ÈMs tkjh 28·7 ^fr'kr bl vof| eÍ jgh gS\ blh oSf'od` eanh ds` p¥rs Hkjr ds` fons'kh ^d`kj vk;krkÍ eÍ MkW¥j ewY; eÍ o~f* tgk∑ O;kikj eÍ f'kfFk¥rk d`k fl¥fl¥k foxr 31·5 ^fr'kr v^S¥-fnlEcj 2008 ds` nkSjku

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1545

(FIEO) ds`

ntZ d`h xbZ gS ogÓ :i, ewY; eÍ ;g o~f* 44·8 ^fr'kr bl vof| eÍ jgh gS\ okf.T; ea(k¥; ds` rktk vuafre vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` vuqlkj v^S¥-fnlEcj 2008 ds` nkSjku ·:i, ewY; eÍ‚ Hkjr ds` fu;kZr 5,85,594 d`jksÈM :i, o vk;kr 10,03,047 d`jksÈM :i, jgs gß] tks iwoZ o"Z d`h leku vof| ·v^S¥-fnlEcj 2007‚ eÍ dz`e'k# 4,54,997 d`jksÈM :i, o 6,93,445 d`jksÈM :i, Fks\

fons'kh O;kikj ds` vk∑d`ÈMs ,d` n~fÆV eÍ en fu;kZr vk;kr O;kikj ?kVk

vof| d`h rq¥uk eÍ 13 ^frær vf|d`‚ ds` jgs gß] tcfd` iwjs fo®h; o"Z 2008-09 ds` f¥, fu;kZr ¥{; 200 vjc MkW¥j d`k ƒk\ fu;kZrkÍ eÍ fæfƒ¥rk d`h fLƒfr ns[rs gq, 2008-09 ds` f¥, fu;kZr ¥{; 200 vjc MkW¥j ls ?Vkd`j 175 vjc MkW¥j fd`;k x;k gS] tcfd` 2009-10 ds` f¥, ;g ¥{; vc 200 vjc MkW¥j d`k fu|kZfjr fd`;k x;k gS\ fons'k O;kikj uhfr-2009-10 eq“; fcUnq ,d` n~fÆV eÍ

·vjc MkW¥j eÍ‚

●

2007-08 2007-08 2008-09

●

·iwjs o"Z‚ ·v^S¥-fnlEcj‚

●

155·5 112·737 131·990 (23·02) (17·1) 235·9 171·718 225·809 (27·01) (31·5) 80·4 58·981 93·819

(Trade Deficit)

·d`ksÆBd` eÍ fn, vk∑d`ÈMs iwoZ o"Z d`h rq¥uk eÍ ^fr'kr o~f* d`ks n'kkZ jgs gß‚

●

● ● ●

o"Z 2009-10 ds` f¥, 200 vjc MkW¥j d`k fu;kZr ¥{;\ o"Z 2008-09 eÍ 175 vjc MkW¥j d`k fu;kZr ¥{;\ v^S¥ 2008 ls tuojh 2009 rd` 144·26 vjc MkW¥j d`k fu;kZr\ fiN¥s o"Z d`h leku vof| d`h rq¥uk eÍ v^S¥-tuojh 2009 eÍ MkW¥j ewY; eÍ oLrqxr fu;kZrkÍ eÍ 13 ^frær d`h o~f*\ peÈMk o d`iÈMk ”s( ds` f¥, 325 d`jksÈM :i, d`k foæs" iSds`t\ Hh¥okÈMk o lwjr d`ks d`iÈMk vkSj ghjk fu;kZr ægj d`k foæs" ntkZ\ ^hfe;j Vs_¯Mx gkml d`h ekU;rk ds` f¥, d`kjksckj lhek ?Vd`j 7500 d`jksÈM :i, gqbZ\ fu;kZr nkf;RokÍ d`ks iw j k d`jus d`k le; 2009-10 rd` cÈ
rktk vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` vuqlkj v^S¥fnlEcj 2008 ds` nkSjku 225·80 vjc MkW¥j ds` dq`¥ vk;krkÍ eÍ rs¥ vk;kr ● 78·82 vjc MkW¥j ds` o xSj-rs¥ vk;kr (Non Oil Import) 146·98 vjc MkW¥j ● ds` Fks\ iwoZ o"Z d`h leku vof| d`h rq¥uk eÍ v^S¥-fnlEcj 2008 eÍ rs¥ vk;krkÍ eÍ ● 44·8 ^fr'kr o xSj-rs¥ vk;krkÍ eÍ 31·9 ^fr'kr d`h o~f* ntZ d`h xbZ gS\ v^S¥- ● fnlEcj 2007 d`h vof| eÍ 171·71 vjc MkW¥j ds` dq`¥ vk;kr eÍ rs¥ vk;kr 54·42 fu;kZrkÍ d`ks cÈ
gS\ Jhuxj eÍ fonsæ O;kikj egkfunsæk¥; d`k u;k d`k;kZ¥; Lƒkfir d`jus d`h ?ks".k ubZ uhfr eÍ d`h xbZ gS] tcfd` jktLƒku eÍ Hh¥okÈMk d`ks d`iÈMk fu;kZr ds` f¥, rƒk xqtjkr eÍ lwjr d`ks ghjs (Diamond) ds` fu;kZr ds` f¥, fu;kZr ægj (Towns of Export Excellence) ?ksf"r fd`;k x;k gS\

egkjkÆV_ eÍ ijek.q fj,DVjkÍ d`h LFkkiuk gsrq œz`kalhlh d`Eiuh ds` lkFk lgefr-i( ij gLrk{kj ukfHd`h; fo»qrΩ ds` {ks( eÍ lg;ksx ds` f¥, Hkjr o œz`kal us ,d` d`ne vkSj vkxs œ`jojh 2009 eÍ ml le; cÈkSrk fd`;k tk,xk\ mY¥s[uh; gS fd` ns'k eÍ luΩ 2020 rd` 20000 esxkokV ukfHd`h; fo»qrΩ mRiknu {kerk d`k ¥{; ijek.q ˜tkZ foHkx us fu|kZfjr fd`;k Fkk\ ijek.q ˜tkZ vk;ksx ds` v÷;{k vfu¥ d`kd`ksnd`j us xr 18 œ`jojh d`ks gSnjkckn eÍ ,d` dS`jsDVjkbÈts'ku ,≥M Dokf¥Vh da`V_ks¥ vkWœ` U;wfD¥;j Œ;wYl (CQCNF–2009) ds` mnΩ?kVu ds` volj ij i(d`kjkÍ d`ks crk;k fd` lUnfHZr o"Z eÍ ¥{; ls d`gÓ vf|d` {kerk ^kIr d`j ¥h tk,xh\

chrs o"Z 2008 eÍ iou fo»qrΩ (Wind d`h {kerk eÍ Hkjh o~f* phu us d`h gS] ftlls iou fo»qrΩ d`h dq`¥ mRiknu {kerk eÍ Hkjr d`ks ihNs NksÈMrs gq, pkSFkk LFkku mld`k gks x;k gS\ Hkjr d`k bl eke¥s eÍ vc ik∑pok∑ LFkku gS\ m|j vejhd`k us Hh iou fo»qrΩ {kerk eÍ rhoz o~f* d`jds` teZuh d`ks ihNs NksÈMrs gq, 'kh"Z LFkku bl eke¥s eÍ ^kIr d`j f¥;k gS\ blls iou fo»qrΩ {kerk ds` eke¥s eÍ ig¥s rhu LFkku vc dz`e'k# vejhd`k] teZuh o Lisu ds` gß\ oSf'od` iou ˜tkZ ifj"nΩ (World Wind Energy Council) ds` vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` vuqlkj chrs o"Z 2008 eÍ vejhd`k us iou fo»qrΩ {kerk eÍ 8358 esxkokV d`k o phu us 6300 esxkokV d`k btkœ`k fd`;k\ Hkjr eÍ 1800 esxkokV {kerk o~f* gh 2008 ds` nkSjku d`h tk ld`h\ blls 2008 ds` vUr eÍ Hkjr eÍ iou fo»qrΩ mRiknu d`h dq`¥ {kerk 9645 esxkokV gks xbZ Fkh\ 25170 esxkokV {kerk ds` lkFk vejhd`k d`k bl eke¥s eÍ 'kh"Z LFkku 2008 ds` vUr eÍ gks x;k Fkk\ iou ˜tkZ ifj"nΩ ds` vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` vuqlkj lokZf|d` iou fo»qrΩ mRiknu {kerk ok¥s ig¥s ik∑p ns'kkÍ ds` uke fuEuf¥f[r gß% Power)

iou fo»qrΩ mRiknu {kerk # ^eq[ jkÆV_ dz`\ 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

jkÆV_ vejhd`k teZuh Lisu phu Hkjr

·esxkokV‚ 2008 eÍ 2008 ds` {kerk vUr eÍ dq`¥ l~tu {kerk 8358 1665 1609 6300 1800

25170 23903 16754 12210 9645

oSf'od` iou ˜tkZ ifj"nΩ ds` vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` vuqlkj iwjs fo'o eÍ iou fo»qrΩ mRiknu {kerk eÍ 27000 esxkokV d`h o~f* 2008 ds` nkSjku gqbZ] ftlls fo'o eÍ iou fo»qrΩ d`h dq`¥ mRiknu {kerk 1,20,791 esxkokV gks xbZ Fkh\ pk¥w o"Z 2009 eÍ Hh phu eÍ bl fn'kk eÍ fn, tk jgs ÷;ku ls vk'kk O;Dr d`h xbZ gS fd` 2010 eÍ teZuh o Lisu d`ks ihNs NksÈMd`j phu nwljk LFkku bl eke¥s eÍ ^kIr d`j ¥sxk\

fons'kh eqnzk ds` ok;nk d`kjksckj eÍ rhoz xfr ls gks jgh o~f* ds` ifj^s{; eÍ vc izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1547/3

,d` vkSj u, ok;nk cktkj (Currency Futures Exchange) ds` f¥, vuqefr ‘lsch’ (SEBI) us xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ ^nku d`j nh gS\ ;wukbVsM LVkWd` ,DlpÍt vkWœ` bafM;k f¥\ USEIL uke d`k ;g cktkj ¥xHx nks ekg eÍ d`k;Z'kh¥ gksus d`h lEHkouk gS\ ;g ns'k eÍ fons'kh eqnzk d`k pkSFkk ok;nk cktkj gks x k\ jkÆV_h; LVkWd` ,DlpÍt (NSE) eÍ 29 vxLr] 2008 ls] cEcbZ LVkWd` ,DlpÍt (BSE) ds` d`jÍlh MsfjosfVo lsxeÍV eÍ 1 vDVwcj] 2008 ls rFkk eYVh d`eksfMVh ,DlpÍt ds` LVkWd` ,DlpÍt (MCX-SX) eÍ 7 vDVwcj] 2008 ls fons'kh eqnzk d`h Œ;wpj V_sfMax gks jgh gS\ u, xfBr fd`, tkus ok¥s ;wlh¥ eÍ lkoZtfud` {ks( ds` ukS cßd` ·cßd` vkWœ` bafM;k] vkU|z cßd`] b¥kgkckn cßd`] cßd` vkWœ` cÈMkSnk] ds`ujk cßd`] bafM;u vksojlhÈt cßd`] vksfj,aV¥ cßd` vkWœ` d`kWelZ] ;wfu;u cßd` vkWœ` bf≥M;k o ;wukbVsM cßd` vkWœ` bafM;k‚ 'kkfe¥ gß\ vU; ^o®Zd` œs`Mj¥ cßd`] ,e,eVhlh] Vhlh,l o tsih dS`fiV¥ gß\ lkoZtfud` {ks( ds` cßd`kÍ eÍ cßd` vkWœ` bafM;k bld`k lcls cÈMk 'ks;j|kjd` gS\ ,DlpÍt d`h vf|d~`r iw∑th 150 d`jksÈM :i, o pqd`rk iw∑th (Paid up Capital) 120 d`jksÈM :i, gS\ (USEIL)

Hkjr eÍ thu ifjofrZr (Genetically ds`o¥ d`ikl d`h gh ;»fi gksrh gS] rƒkfi ,slh Î`f" ds` rgrΩ cqvkbZ ”s( ds` eke¥s eÍ d`ukMk d`ks ihNs NksÈM pkSƒk Lƒku Hkjr d`k gks x;k gS\ bl lEcU| eÍ ,d` vUrjkZÆV_h; ,tÍlh%baVjusæu¥ lfoZl œ`kWj n ,fDoftæu vkWœ` ,xzh%ck;ksVsd` ,I¥hds`æu (ISAAA) d`h X¥ksc¥ LVsVΩl vkWœ` d`kWefæZ;¥kbTM ck;ksVsd`/th,e ∂`kWIl # 2008 æh"Zd` ls xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ tkjh fjiksVZ eÍ crk;k x;k gS fd` 2008 eÍ th,e (Genetically Modified) œ`l¥kÍ ds` v|hu cqvkbZ ”s( 7·6 fef¥;u gsDVs;j ƒk] tcfd` vejhd`k eÍ ;g 62·5 fef¥;u gsDVs;j] vtsZUVhuk eÍ 21 fef¥;u gsDVs;j] czkth¥ eÍ 15·8 fef¥;u gsDVs;j ƒk\ pkSƒs Lƒku ij Hkjr eÍ ;g 7·605 fe\ gsDVs;j] ik∑poÍ Lƒku ij d`ukMk eÍ 7·582 fef¥;u gsDVs;j o NBs Lƒku ij phu eÍ ;g 3·8 fef¥;u gsDVs;j ,tÍlh d`h fjiksVZ eÍ crk;k x;k gS\ fjiksVZ ds` vuqlkj Hkjr eÍ ;g lEiw.Z 7·6 fef¥;u gsDVs;j {ks( chVh d`ikl ds` gh v|hu ƒk] Modified–GM) Î`f"

,pihlh,¥ d`h eqanzk-fnY¥h ikbi¥kbu d`k ¥ksd`kiZ. isV_ksf¥;e inkFkksÛ ds` ifjogu gsrq xqtjkr eÍ eqanzk ls fnY¥h ds` chp fcNkbZ xbZ ikbi¥kbu d`ks ;wih, v÷;{k Jherh lksfu;k xka|h us xr 3 œ`jojh d`ks jkÆV_ d`ks lefiZr fd`;k\ bl volj ij lekjksg d`k vk;kstu t;iqj ds` fud`V ckxÔ d`¥ka eÍ fd`;k x;k\ ds`Unzh; isV_ksf¥;e ,oa ^kd~`frd` xSl ea(h eqj¥h nsoÈMk o jkT; ea(h fnu'kk iVs¥ ds` vfrfjDr jktLFkku ds` eq“;ea(h v'kksd` xg¥ksr Hh bl volj ij mifLFkr Fks\ 1054 fd`eh ¥Ech 18 bap O;kl d`h bl ikbi¥kbu d`h LFkkiuk fgUnqLrku isV_ksf¥;e d`kWiksZjs'ku f¥\ (HPCL) }kjk d`h xbZ gS\ bl ikbi¥kbu ds` tfj, isV_ksf¥;e mRiknkÍ d`k m®jh Hkjr ds` f¥, ifjogu vis{kkd~`r d`e ¥kxr ij fd`;k tk lds ` xk\ bl ifjogu ds` f¥, ;g i;kZoj. fe( o lqjf{kr ek÷;e Hh gksxh\ 1757 d`jksÈM :i, d`h vuqekfur ¥kxr ok¥h bl ifjogu ikbi¥kbu ds` f¥, eq“; ifEiax LVsæu eqanzk eÍ LFkkfir fd`;k x;k gS] tcfd` e÷; eÍ ,sls LVs'ku xqtjkr eÍ laFkk¥iqj o ik¥uiqj eÍ rFkk jktLFkku eÍ vok (Awa), vtesj o t;iqj eÍ LFkkfir fd`, x, gß\ blds` ‘VSi-vkWœ`’ ekdsZ`fVax VfeZu¥ ik¥uiqj] vtesj] t;iqj o cgknqjxÈ< ·gfj;k.k‚ eÍ LFkkfir fd`, x, gß\

KkrO; gS fd` 26 uoEcj 2008 d`ks eqEcbZ eÍ vkrad`h ge¥s ds` i'pkrΩ futh ”s( ds` m»fe;kÍ us lqj”k ds` f¥, lhvkbZ,l,œ` d`h rSukrh d`h ek∑x mBkbZ ƒh ftls Lohd`kj vkrad`h [rjkÍ ds` enΩnsutj futh o d`jrs gq, lhvkbZ,l,œ` v÷;knsæ tuojh la;qDr mi∂`ekÍ eÍ ds`Unzh; vkS»ksfxd` lqj”k 2008 eÍ tkjh fd`;k x;k ƒk\ c¥ (CISF) d`h rSukrh d`h vuqefr ds` f¥, tuojh 2008 eÍ ¥k, x, v÷;knsæ d`ks ^frLƒkfir d`jus ds` f¥, lhvkbZ,l,œ` laæks|u fo|s;d` d`ks laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ us xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ ikfjr d`j fn;k gS\ jkT; lHk eÍ 19 œ`jojh d`ks o ¥ksd` lHk o"Z 2008-09 eÍ nsæ eÍ Î`f"xr eÍ 26 œ`jojh d`ks bls loZlEefr ls ikfjr mRiknu ds` nwljs vfxze vuqeku (Second iwohZ MsfMds`VsM œzs`V d`kWfjMksj d`k fd`;k x;k gS\ lhvkbZ,l,œ` d`h rSukrh ds` Advance Estimates) Î`f" ea(k¥; us f¥, futh mi∂`ekÍ ls Hh mlh nj ls ¥kxr xr 12 œ`jojh d`ks tkjh fd`, gß\ bueÍ fuekZ. d`k;Z ^kjEH ljd`kj }kjk olw¥h tk,xh ftl nj ls ¥qf|;kuk ls d`ks¥d`krk ds` miuxj ;g lkoZtfud` mi∂`ekÍ ls olw¥h tkrh gS\ 2008-09 eÍ nsæ eÍ [k»kUukÍ d`k dq`¥ nkudq`uh chp ¥xHx 22 gtkj d`jksÈM :i, lhvkbZ,l,œ` d`h rSukrh ds` f¥, lEcfU|r mRiknu (Total Foodgrain Production) 227·88 fef¥;u Vu jgus d`k vuqeku d`h vuqekfur ¥kxr ls cuus ok¥h 1850 fd`eh ¥Ech iwohZ MsfMds`VsM œzs`V d`kWfjMksj futh mi∂`e d`ks d`e-ls-d`e rhu ekg ig¥s ¥xk;k x;k gS\ bleÍ 117·96 fef¥;u js¥ ¥kbu ds` fuekZ. d`k;Z d`k 'kqHkjEH ;wih, lwfpr d`juk gksxk\ fo|s;d` ij ppkZ ds` [jhœ` ds` rgrΩ o 109·92 fef¥;u Vu jch v÷;{k Jherh lksfu;k xka|h us xr 10 nkSjku x~gea(h ih\ fpnEcje us jkT; lHk ds` rgrΩ vuqekfur gS\ ;g iwoZ o"Z 2007œ`jojh d`ks fcgkj eÍ jksgrkl eÍ fd`;k\ bl eÍ crk;k fd` lhvkbZ,l,œ` d`h lsokvkÍ d`k 08 eÍ ^kIr fd`, x, 230·78 fef¥;u Vu volj ij vk;ksftr lekjksg d`h v÷;{krk bLrsek¥ vc nsæ ds` ckgj Hkjrh; nwrkoklkÍ mRiknu d`h rq¥uk eÍ 1·26 ^frær d`e gS\ js¥ ea(h ¥k¥w ^lkn ;kno us d`h\ o la;qDr jkÆV_ ækafr feæukÍ eÍ Hh fd`;k 2008-09 eÍ 227·88 fef¥;u Vu KkrO; gS fd` ek¥ xkfÈM;kÍ d`ks 100 tk lds`xk\ mUgkÍus crk;k fd` lqj”k ds` u, dq`¥ [k»kUu eÍ xsgw∑ d`k mRiknu 77·78 fd`eh ^fr ?≥Vs d`h xfr ls p¥kus ds` f¥, [rjkÍ ds` f¥gkt ls bl c¥ d`k vk|qfud`h- fef¥;u Vu] pko¥ d`k 98·89 fef¥;u nks MsfMds`VsM œzs`V d`kWfjMksj ·iwohZ o if'peh‚ d`j. d`j vk|qfud` gfƒ;kj o lktks-lkeku Vu eksVs vuktkÍ (Coarse Grains) d`k d`k fuekZ. d`jus d`h ljd`kj d`h ;kstuk gS\ tokukÍ d`ks mi¥C| d`jk, tk jgs gß\ bueÍ 36·96 fef¥;u Vu ·Tokj 7·24 fef¥;u buls iwjs ns'k eÍ œzs`V ifjogu eÍ O;kid` ¥stj che] ,Dl-js eæhu] jsfM;ks ≠`hDoÍlh lq|kj vk,axs\ if'peh d`kWfjMksj d`k fuekZ. igpku-i( o cwe cSfj;j vkfn ækfe¥ gß\ Vu] cktjk 8·85 fef¥;u Vu] eDd`k nknjh ls ts,uihVh eqEcbZ ds` chp fd`;k lhvkbZ,l,œ` d`h cÈ
tcfd` vejhd`k eÍ d`ikl ds` vfrfjDr eDd`k] lks;kchu] dS`uks¥k] pqd`Unj (Sugar beet), ¥?q ?kl (Alfalfa), iihrk (Papaya) o dq`EgÈMk (Squash) d`h [srh Hh th,e œ`l¥kÍ d`h gksrh gS\ vtsZUVhuk eÍ th,e œ`l¥kÍ ds` v|hu 21 fef¥;u gsDVs;j ”s( eÍ 18·1 fef¥;u gsDVs;j lks;kchu] 2·5 fef¥;u gsDVs;j eDd`k o æs" d`ikl ds` v|hu fjiksVZ eÍ crk;k x;k gS\ fjiksVZ eÍ crk;k x;k gS fd` Hkjr eÍ d`ikl ds` v|hu dq`¥ ”s( eÍ 82 ^frær Hkx eÍ vc chVh d`ikl d`h gh [srh gks jgh gS\

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1548

xUus (Sugarcane) d`k dq`¥ mRiknu 2007-08 eÍ 348·19 fef¥;u Vu jgk ƒk] tks vc 2008-09 eÍ 290·45 fef¥;u Vu gh vuqekfur gS] tcfd` d`ikl (Cotton) d`k mRiknu 25·88 fef¥;u xk∑BkÍ (170 fd`xzk d`h ^R;sd` xk∑B‚ ls ?Vd`j 2008-09 eÍ 22·17 fef¥;u xk∑BÍ rƒk twV ,oa esLrk d`k mRiknu 11·21 fef¥;u xk∑BkÍ ls ?Vd`j 2008-09 eÍ 11·03 fef¥;u xk∑BÍ ·180 fd`xzk d`h ^R;sd` xk∑B‚ jgus d`k vuqeku ¥xk;k x;k gS\ Î`f"xr mRiknu ds` ;g vk∑d`ÈMs ,d` n~fÆV eÍ rkf¥d`k eÍ ^nfæZr gß%

voS| rjhd`kÍ ls vftZr |u ds` voS|] vkrad`h o vU; jkÆV_ fojks|h xfrfof|;kÍ eÍ bLrsek¥ ij vadq`æ ds` f¥, u, ¥k, x, f^oÍæu vkWœ` euh ¥kma¯M_x ·laæks|u‚ fo|s;d`-2008 d`ks laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ eÍ xr ctV l( eÍ ikfjr fd`;k gS\ jkT; lHk us 19 œ`jojh d`ks ikfjr fd`;k gS\ bl vf|fu;e ds` tfj, euh ¥kmafM_ax vf|-

Hkjr eÍ Î`f"xr mRiknu

fu;e 2002 eÍ laæks|u fd`, x, gß\ blls vUrjkZ Æ V_ h ; œ`kbuÍfæ;¥ ,Dæu VkLd` œ`kslZ (FATF) ds` f¥, Hkjr d`h lnL;rk gsrq ekxZ ^æLr gks lds`xk\ ,œ`,Vh,œ` euh ¥kma¯M_x o vkrad`h xfrfof|;kÍ ds` fo®h;u ls fuiVus ds` f¥, vUrlZjd`kjh fud`k; gS\ bl laxBu eÍ Hkjr d`ks i;Zos”d` (Observer) d`k ntkZ gh orZeku eÍ ^kIr gS\ voS| rjhds` ls vftZr |u ds` fo®h; ^.k¥h eÍ ^osæ ij vadq`æ ds` f¥, fonsæh eqnzk ifjorZd` (Money Changer), |u gLrka r jd` (Money Transfer Service Providers) o dS`fluks vkfn Hh laæksf|r fo|s;d` ds` nk;js eÍ ¥k, x, gß\

·fef¥;u Vu‚ mit pko¥] ftleÍ [jhœ` jch xsgw∑ ·jch‚ eksVs vukt] ftleÍ [jhœ` jch Tokj ·[jhœ`‚ Tokj ·jch‚ dq`¥ Tokj cktjk ·[jhœ`‚ eDd`k ·[jhœ`‚ eDd`k ·jch‚ dq`¥ eDd`k nk¥Í] ftueÍ rwj/vjgj ·[jhœ`‚ vU; [jhœ` nk¥Í ·ew∑x] mÈMn‚ puk ·jch‚ vU; jch nk¥Í dq`¥ jch nk¥Í dq`¥ [jhœ` nk¥Í` dq`¥ [jhœ` [k»kUu dq`¥ jch [k»kUu dq`¥ [k»kUu mRiknu

2008-09

2007-08

·nwljs vfxze vuqeku‚

·œ`kbu¥ vk∑d`ÈMs‚

98·89 85·45 13·44 77·78 36·96 27·69 9·27 3·06 4·18 7·24 8·85 13·40 3·64 17·04 14·25 2·47 2·35 6·54 2·89 9·43 4·82 117·96 109·92 227·88

96·69 82·66 14·03 78·57 40·75 31·89 8·86 4·11 3·82 7·93 9·97 15·11 3·85 18·96 14·76 3·08 3·33 5·75 2·61 8·36 6·40 120·96 109·82 230·78

16·32 9·64 25·96 5·05 1·57 6·62 9·05 6·98 0·33 0·78 1·11 290·45 22·17 10·25 0·78

20·72 9·04 29·76 7·36 1·82 9·18 10·97 5·83 0·46 1·00 1·46 348·19 25·88 10·22 0·99

(Total Foodgrain Production) okf.fT;d` œ`l¥Í (Commercial Crops)

fr¥gu ·[jhœ`‚ fr¥gu ·jch‚ dq`¥ fr¥gu (Oil seeds), ftueÍ ew∑xœ`¥h ·[jhœ`‚ ea∑xœ`¥h ·jch‚ dq`¥ ea∑xœ`¥h lks;kchu ·[jhœ`‚ jsilhM o ljlkÍ ·jch‚ lwjteq[h ·[jhœ`‚ lwjteq[h ·jch‚ dq`¥ lwjteq[h xUuk d`ikl* twV ** esLrk** * fef¥;u xk∑BÍ (170 fd`xzk d`h ^R;sd` xk∑B‚ ** fef¥;u xk∑BÍ (180 fd`xzk d`h ^R;sd` xk∑B‚

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1549

nsæ eÍ ig¥h jkt|kuh ,Dl^sl js¥xkÈMh ds` ifjpk¥u ds` 40 o"Z xr 1 ekpZ d`ks iwjs gq, gß\ bl mi¥{; eÍ ,d` foæs" lekjksg d`k vk;kstu d`ks¥d`krk eÍ gkoÈMk LVsæu ij 3 ekpZ] 2009 d`ks vk;ksftr fd`;k tk,xk\ ig¥h jkt|kuh ,Dl^sl js¥xkÈMh 1 ekpZ] 1969 ls ubZ fnY¥h-gkoÈMk ds` chp gh lIrkg eÍ nks ckj p¥kbZ xbZ ƒh\

gkoÈMk LVsæu ls ubZ fnY¥h ds` f¥, bld`h ig¥h jokuxh 3 ekpZ] 1969 d`ks gqbZ ƒh\ rc ls bud`h la“;k eÍ ¥xkrkj o~f* gksrh jgh rƒk orZeku eÍ jkt|kuh ,Dl^sl js¥xkfÈM;k∑ fnY¥h ls 16 fofHUu jkT;kÍ d`h jkt|kfu;kÍ ds` f¥, ifjpkf¥r gß\ bu js¥ xkfÈM;kÍ d`k ifjpk¥u jkT;kÍ d`h jkt|kfu;kÍ o fnY¥h ds` chp Rofjr ifjogu ds` mˆs'; ls gh æqÔ fd`;k x;k ƒk\ ifjpk¥u ds` 40 o"Z iw.Z gksus ij vc bu lHh js¥xkfÈM;kÍ eÍ baVjusV lqfo|k o dq`Nsd` eÍ lSVs¥kbV œ`ksu lsok mi¥C| d`jkus d`h js¥os d`h ;kstuk gS\ rF; ,d` n~fÆV eÍ

[k» ^laLd`j. m»ksx ea(k¥; ds` ^Lrkfor esxk œw`M ikd`ksÛ gsrq fpfÕr ds`Unz ●

fæjok¥ ·egkjkÆV_‚ ● jkaph ·>kj[aM‚ ● fpd`ex¥wj ·d`ukZVd`‚ ● |eZiqjh ·rfe¥ukMq‚ ● tk¥a|j ·iatkc‚ ● gfj}kj ·m®jk[aM‚ ● txnhæiqj ·jk;cjs¥h] m®j ^nsæ‚ ● tkaxhiqj ·if'pe caxk¥‚ ● fp®wj ·vka|z ^nsæ‚ ● u¥ckjh ·vle‚ bu esxk œw`M ikd`ksÛ eÍ >kj[aM eÍ jkaph eÍ izLrkfor esxk œw`M ikdZ` d`k fæ¥kU;kl 23 œ`jojh d`ks m®jk[≥M eÍ gfj}kj eÍ ^Lrkfor ikdZ` d`k 25 œ`jojh d`ks] egkjkÆV_ eÍ fæjok¥ eÍ izLrkfor ikdZ` d`k fæ¥kU;kl 28 œ`jojh] 2009 d`ks] vkU|z ^ns'k eÍ eksx¥h xkao] fp®wj eÍ ^Lrkfor ikdZ` d`k 1 ekpZ] 2009 d`ks rFkk i\ caxk¥ eÍ tkaxhiqj] eqf'kZnkckn eÍ ^Lrkfor ikdZ` d`k f'k¥kU;kl 2 ekpZ] 2009 d`ks fd`;k x;k gS\

d`jksÈM :i, d`k vfrfjDr Hkj 2008-09 fofHUu pj.kÍ eÍ ¥kxw d`h tk,xh\ futh ”s( ds` nkSjku ogu d`juk iÈMsxk ftld`h d`h lgHkfxrk ds` lkƒ ¥kxw d`h tkus ok¥h bl ;kstuk ds` rgrΩ ¥ksxkÍ d`ks vius ?jkÍ eÍ ¥xs HjikbZ ‘da`VhUtÍlh fjtoZ’ ls d`h tk,xh\ 50 o 100 okV ds` cYckÍ ds` cn¥s eÍ ¥xHx 80 :i, ewY; ok¥h lh,œ`,¥ 15 :i, ewY;

ns'k eÍ phuh mRiknu eÍ Hkjh d`eh iwoZ o"Z d`h rq¥uk eÍ pk¥w phuh o"Z ·vDVwcj-flrEcj‚ eÍ ns'k eÍ phuh d`k mRiknu d`kœ`h d`e jgsxk\ xUus d`h cqvkbZ d`e jgus ds` d`kj. bl o"Z phuh mRiknu eÍ d`eh vk,xh\ phuh m»ksx lw(kÍ us vDVwcj 2008%flrEcj 2009 ·phuh o"Z 2009 ‚ ds` nkSjku phuh d`k mRiknu 118 ¥k[ Vu jgus d`h gh lEHkouk O;Dr d`h gS] tcfd` fiN¥s o"Z ;g mRiknu 270 ¥k[ Vu ds` vklikl jgk Fkk\

V_sMekdZ` laæks|u fo|s;d` ¥ksd` lHk eÍ ikfjr

¥ksd` lHk us ljd`kj }kjk ¥k;k x;k V_sMekdZ` ·laæks|u‚ fo|s;d` xr 25 œ`jojh d`ks ikfjr fd`;k gS\ blds` vf|fu;fer gksus ls vksfj,aV¥ cßd` vkWœ` d`kWelZ d`k 67 ok∑ Hkjr ds` fo'o V_sMekdZ` O;oLƒk eÍ ækfe¥ gksus d`k ekxZ ^æLr gksxk\ bl fo|s;d` ds` tfj, LFkkiuk fnol V_sMekdZ` vf|fu;e 1929 eÍ laæks|u d`j lkoZtfud` {ks( ds` vksfj,aV¥ cßd` vkWœ` fu;ekÍ d`ks V_sMekdZ` lEcU|h esfM_M le>kSrs ds` d`kWelZ (OBC) d`k 67ok∑ LFkkiuk fnol xr vuqÔi cuk;k tk jgk gS\ fo|s;d` ij ppkZ d`k 19 œ`jojh d`ks euk;k x;k\ bl cßd` d`h LFkkiuk 19 œ`jojh] 1943 d`ks vfoHkftr Hkjr eÍ m®j nsrs gq, m»ksx ,oa okf.T; jkT; ea(h ¥kgkSj eÍ d`h xbZ Fkh\ œ`jojh 2009 eÍ ns'kHj vf'ouh dq`ekj us crk;k fd` laln }kjk ;g eÍ bld`h 1464 lhch,l 'kk[k,a FkÓ\ cßd` ds` fo|s;d` ikfjr gksus ls Hkjr 51 lnL;h; ^cU| funs'kd` vk¥ksd` dq`ekj feJ ds` vuqlkj esfM_M le>kSrk lewg eÍ ækfe¥ gks tk,xk\ ekpZ 2010 rd` cßd` d`k ¥{; vius d`kjksckj d`ks MsÈ< ¥k[ d`jksÈM :i, ls cÈkSrk Hkjr d`h tSV ,;jost us e¥sfæ;k ,;j¥kbal ds` lkƒ ,d` d`ksM æs;¯jx le>kSrk xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ lEiUu fd`;k gS\ blls fofHUu ÔV ekxksÛ ij vkilh lk>snkjh bueÍ gks lds`xh\ Hkjr d`h bafM;u ,;j¥kbal ds` lkƒ e¥sfæ;k ,;j¥kbal us ,d` ,slk gh le>kSrk iwoZ o"ksÛ eÍ fd`;k ƒk\ ml le>kSrs d`h vof| fnlEcj 2009 eÍ lekIr gksus d`ks gS\

eksckb¥ lsok mi¥C| d`jkus ok¥h ,eVh,u,¥ ds` ckn nwljh d`Eiuh gS\ ch,l,u,¥ us viuh ;g lsok loZ^ƒe psUubZ eÍ xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ æqÔ d`h] ftlds` ckn 11 vU; ægjkÍ eÍ ;g lsok 27 œ`jojh] 2009 d`ks ,d` lkƒ æqÔ d`h gS\ bueÍ vkxjk] vEck¥k] t;iqj] tk¥a|j] nsgjknwu] fæe¥k] ¥[u˜] jk∑ph] nqxkZiqj] gfYn;k o iVuk ækfe¥ gß\

LVsV cßd` ds` vuq"axh cßd`kÍ ds` ckn fjtoZ 787 vjc MkW¥j ds` jkgr iSds`t ds` cßd` eÍ Hh ,d` fnu d`h gÈMrk¥ i'pkrΩ vejhd`k eÍ Hkjh ?kVs d`k ctV

Hkjrh; fjtoZ cßd` eÍ ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` d`eZpkfj;kÍ ds` leku iÍæu] ikfjokfjd` iÍæu] HfoÆ; fuf| C;kt njkÍ eÍ o~f* vkfn eqˆkÍ ij ;wukbVsM œ`ksje vkWœ` fjtoZ cßd` vkWfœ`llZ ,≥M ,Ei¥kbt ds` vkÿku ij ,d` fnu d`h d`eZpkjh HfoÆ; fuf| (EPF) ij fe¥us gÈMrk¥ xr 20 œ`jojh d`ks jgh\ gÈMrk¥ ds` ok¥h C;kt 2008-09 eÍ 8·5 ^frær ds` f¥, ;wukbVsM œ`ksje ds` vkÿku ij nsæHj ds` iwoZ Lrj ij gh jgsxh\ C;kt nj eÍ o~f* d`h fjtoZ cßd`d`feZ;kÍ us ,d` fnu d`k lkewfgd` ek∑x d`ks d`eZpkjh HfoÆ; fuf| laxBu vod`kæ f¥;k\ blls iwoZ LVsV cßd` ds` lHh 6 (EPFO) ds` ds`Unzh; U;klh cksMZ (Central vuq"axh cßd`kÍ eÍ xr 17 œ`jojh d`ks gÈMrk¥ Board of Trustees) d`h xr 24 œ`jojh jgh ƒh\

d`h cSBd` eÍ vLohd`kj d`j fn;k x;k\ Je ea(h vkWLd`j œ`ukÛfMt d`h v÷;”rk ok¥s fo»qrΩ d`h [ir eÍ d`eh ¥kus d`ks cpr cksMZ d`h xr 24 œ`jojh d`ks ubZ fnY¥h eÍ ¥SEi ;kstuk lEiUu cSBd` eÍ ;g crk;k x;k fd` 8·5 fo»qrΩ d`h [ir eÍ d`eh ¥kus ds` mˆs'; ^frær d`h okf"Zd` C;kt nsus ij Hh 150 ls ds`Unz ^k;ksftr cpr ¥SEi ;kstuk iwjs nsæ eÍ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1550

ij nh tk,xh\ ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` C;wjks vkWœ` ,uthZ ,œ`hfæ,alh (BEE) ds` rRok|ku eÍ bl d`k;Z∂`e d`h æqÔvkr ig¥s pj. eÍ foæk[ki±ue ·vka|z ^nsæ‚ o ;equkuxj ·gfj;k.k‚ eÍ xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ gh d`h xbZ gS\

eanh ls fuiVus ds` f¥, 787 vjc MkW¥j ds` jkgr iSds`t d`ks eatwjh ds` i'pkrΩ vejhd`h jkÆV_ifr cjkd` vksckek us 2009-10 ds` f¥, 1·17 fV_f¥;u MkW¥j ds` ?kVs d`k ctV xr 27 œ`jojh d`ks d`kaxzsl eÍ ^Lrqr fd`;k\ ctV eÍ ^Lrkfor ;g ?kVk nsæ eÍ ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn d`k 12·3 ^frær gS rƒk f}rh; fo'o;q* ds` i'pkrΩ vejhd`k d`k ;g lcls cÈMk ctV ?kVk gS\ ?kVs d`h HjikbZ ds` f¥, Î`f" eÍ lfClMh ?Vkus o |uh vejhfd`;kÍ ij T;knk d`j ¥xkus tSls dq`N ^Lrko j[s x, gß ftUgÍ ¥sd`j d`kaxzsl eÍ foi”h n¥ }kjk vkif®;k∑ mBkbZ tk ld`rh gß\ ctV eÍ 2009-10 eÍ vkfƒZd` o~f* 3·2 ^frær vuqekfur d`h xbZ gS\ ●●●

'kCn la{ksi (Abbreviations)

,u\,\,l\,\%us'ku¥ ,ds`Meh vkWœ` LVsfVfLVd`¥ ,MfefuLV_s'ku

d`k;Zd`kjh vf|d`kjh (CEO) ljd`kj us fu;qDr fd`;k Fkk\ ehjk lksjfouks %vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj fotsrk vejhd`h vfHus(h ehjk lksjfouks d`ks ekuo rLd`jh ds` fo:* la?"Z ds` f¥, la;qDr jkÆV_ d`k lnΩHkouk nwr xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ fu;qDr fd`;k x;k gS\ ,u\ jfo%Hkjrh; fonsæ lsok ds` ,u\ jfo d`ks nf”.-iwohZ ,fæ;kbZ nsækÍ ds` lewg ‘vkfl;ku’ (ASEAN) ds` f¥, Hkjr d`k jktnwr ljd`kj us xr tuojh ekg eÍ fu;qDr fd`;k gS\ Hkjrh; fons'k lsok ds` ofjÆBre vf|d`kfj;kÍ eÍ ls ,d` ,u\ jfo bl fu;qfDr ls iwoZ fons'k ea(k¥; eÍ lfpo ·iwoZ‚ Fks\

NASA—National Academy of Statistical Administration.

O;k“;k%lkaf“;d`h; vuqla|ku d`ks cÈ
O;k“;k%lHh ukxfjd`kÍ d`ks v¥x igpku uEcj vkoafVr d`jus ds` mˆs'; ls bl ^kf|d`j. d`k xBu ;kstuk vk;ksx ds` v|hu xr tuojh ekg eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ blds` f¥, 100 d`jksÈM :i, d`k vkoaVu 2009-10 ds` varfje ds`Unzh; ctV eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ ^|kuea(h gksus ds` lkƒ fd`lh nsæ d`h ig¥h ?ksf"r le¥ßfxd` ^|kuea(h Hh gß\

ft¥ mj jgeku%cka X ¥kns ' k eÍ ^|kuea(h 'ks[ glhuk d`h ikVhZ vokeh ¥hx ds ` ofjÆB usrk ft¥ mj jgeku (Zillur Rahman) nsæ ds` u, jkÆV_ifr œ`jojh 2009 eÍ fuokZfpr gq, gß\ fufoZjks| fuokZfpr ft¥ mj jgeku viuk ;g d`k;ZHkj 12 œ`jojh] 2009 d`ks xzg. fd`;k gS\ ftEckCos eÍ ;wfuVh ljd`kj # foi{kh usrk rlokufxjbZ d`ks ^|kuea(h cuk;k x;k%nf”. v≠`hd`k ds` iwoZ jkÆV_ifr ƒkcks Ecsd`h d`h e÷;Lƒrk ls ftEckCos eÍ jkÆV_ifr jkWcVZ eqxkcs ,oa foi” ds` chp gq, l®k lgHkfxrk le>kSrs ds` rgrΩ foi”h usrk eksjxu rlokufxjbZ (Morgan Tsvangirai) d`ks ftEckCos d`k ^|kuea(h cuk;k x;k gS\ ;wfuVh ljd`kj ds` ^|kuea(h ds` Ôi eÍ mUgkÍus viuk ;g d`k;ZHkj xr 11 œ`jojh d`ks xzg. fd`;k gS\ tksgkuk flxqj nknksZfrj%lektoknh Mseks∂s`fVd` o okeiaƒh xzhu ikVhZ ds` xBca|u d`h tksgkuk flxqj nknksZfrj (Johanna Sigurdadottir) d`ks vkbl¥S≥M d`h ^|kuea(h œ`jojh 2009 eÍ cuk;k x;k gS\ 66 o"hZ; tksgkuk vkbl¥S≥M d`h ig¥h efg¥k ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1551

tksgkuk flxqj nknksZfrj

vkfFkZd` eanh ds` p¥rs cÈ
g"Zifr flagkfu;k fœ`Dd`h ds` u, v÷;{k ts\ ds`\ isij ds` ^cU| funsæd` g"Zifr ¯lgkfu;k m»ksx O;kikj txrΩ ds` vxz.h laxBu ‘fœ`Dd`h’ (FICCI— Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry) ds` u, v÷;” œ`jojh 2009 eÍ

cuk, x, gß\ bl in ij jktho pUnzæs[j d`k Lƒku Jh ¯lgkfu;k g"Zifr ¯lgkfu;k us 12 œ`jojh] 2009 ls f¥;k gS\ Hkjrh lewg ds` jktu Hkjrh fe®¥ d`ks l( 2009-10 ds` f¥, ‘fœ`Dd`h’ d`k ofjÆB mik÷;” pquk x;k gS\

,\ ,l\ fx¥%Hkjrh; iqf¥l lsok ds` ,\ ,l\ fx¥ ds`Unzh; fjtoZ iqf¥l c¥ (CRPF) ds` egkfuns'kd` fu;qDr fd`, x, gß\ fo'o ds` bl lcls cÈMs v*ZlSfud` c¥ ds` ^eq[ ds` Ôi eÍ oh\ ds`\ tks'kh d`k LFkku Jh fx¥ us œ`jojh 2009 eÍ f¥;k gS\ ,l\,l\ [qjkuk%js¥os cksMZ ds` lnL; ·d`kfeZd`‚ ,l\ ,l\ [qjkuk d`ks vc bl cksMZ d`k v÷;{k xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ cuk;k x;k gS\ :ÈMd`h fo'ofo»k¥; ls bathfu;fjax d`h mikf| ^kIr [qjkuk us bl in ij ds`\ lh\ tsuk] tks lsokfuo~® gq, gß] d`k LFkku 3 œ`jojh ls f¥;k gS\ xSjh ¥kWd`h%vejhd`k ds` jkÆV_ifr vksckek us xSjh ¥kWd`h d`ks viuh ljd`kj eÍ okf.T; ea(h xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ fu;qDr fd`;k gS\ og vejhd`k ds` bfrgkl eÍ bl in ij igq∑pus ok¥s ig¥s phuh-vejhd`h gß\ blls ig¥s vksckek us U;w eSfDld`ks ds` xouZj fc¥ fjpMZlu vkSj fjifC¥d`u lhusVj tM xzsx d`ks bl in ij ¥kus d`h d`ksf'k'k d`h Fkh] ij ,d` tk∑p ds` p¥rs fc¥ o erHsn ds` d`kj. tM bl in ij ugÓ vk lds` Fks\

lkr mPp U;k;k¥;kÍ eÍ u, ^|ku U;k;k|h'k eq“; U;k;k|h'k U;k;ewfrZ ds`\ th\ ck¥d~`Æ.u d`h v÷;{krk ok¥s loksZPp U;k;k¥; ds` U;k;k|h'kkÍ ds` U;k;k|h'k e≥M¥ (Collegium) d`h laLrqfr;kÍ ds` vk|kj ij jkÆV_ifr ^frHk ikfV¥ us lkr mPp U;k;k¥;kÍ eÍ u, eq“; U;k;k|h'kkÍ d`h fu;qfDr xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ d`h gS\ bu ^ksUur/LFkkukUrfjr U;k;k|h'kkÍ ds` uke fuEuf¥f[r gß% mPp U;k;k¥; tgk∑ eq“; uke U;k;k|h'k ds` Ôi eÍ iwoZ in fu;qDr gq, ,p\ ,¥\ xks[¥s enzkl mPp U;k;k¥; b¥kgkckn mPp U;k;k¥; eÍ eq“; U;k;k|h'k pnzekSf¥ dq`ekj ^lkn b¥kgkckn mPp U;k;k¥; iVuk mPp U;k;k¥; eÍ ofjÆBre U;k;k|h'k ,l\ vkj\ cUuqjeFk ds`j¥ mPp U;k;k¥; d`ukZVd` mPp U;k;k¥; eÍ U;k;k|h'k ts\ ch\ d`ks'kh iVuk mPp U;k;k¥; ds`j¥ mPp U;k;k¥; eÍ d`k;Zokgd` eq“; U;k;k|h'k cfju ?ks" tEew-d`'ehj mPp U;k;k¥; iVuk mPp U;k;k¥; eÍ U;k;k|h'k nhid` oekZ jktLFkku mPp U;k;k¥; d`ukZVd` mPp U;k;k¥; eÍ U;k;k|h'k vkœ`rkc gqlSu lSfd`;k flfDd`e mPp U;k;k¥; xksgkVh mPp U;k;k¥; eÍ U;k;k|h'k mY¥s[uh; gS fd` mPp U;k;k¥; eÍ eq“; U;k;k|h'k d`h fu;qfDr ds` f¥, ns'k ds` eq“; U;k;k|h'k d`h v÷;{krk ok¥s d`kW¥sft;e d`h laLrqfr;k∑ fof| ea(k¥; Hsth tkrh gß\ lEcfU|r jkT; ljd`kj d`k vuqeksnu ^kIr d`jus ds` i'pkrΩ ;g flœ`kfj'kÍ ^|kuea(h d`k;kZ¥; tkrh gß] tgk∑ ls bUgÍ jkÆV_ifr Hou Hstk tkrk gS\

ds`\ ds`\ fcÈM¥k œ`km≥Msæu d`k ljLorh lEeku (2008)%ds`\ ds`\ fcÈM¥k œ`km≥Msæu ds` lkfgR; ds` ”s( ds` loksZPp ljLorh lEeku d`h ?ks".k xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ d`h xbZ\ fd`lh Hh Hkjrh; Hk"k eÍ foxr nl o"ksÛ eÍ ^d`kfær mRÎ`ÆV jpuk ¥{ehuanu cksjk # ds` f¥, fn;k tkus ljLorh lEeku ok¥k 5 ¥k[ :i, d`k ljLorh lEeku o"Z 2008 ds` f¥, vleh lkfgR;d`kj MkW\ ¥{ehuanu cksjk d`ks muds` miU;kl ‘d`k;kd`Yi’ ds` f¥, fn;k x;k gS\ œ`km≥Ms'ku ds` lkfgR; ds` {ks( ds` vU; iqjLd`kjkÍ O;kl lEeku] okpLifr iqjLd`kj] fcgkjh iqjLd`kj o æad`j iqjLd`kj d`h ?ks".k xr tuojh ekg eÍ d`j nh xbZ Fkh\ fgUnh Hk"k eÍ foxr 10 o"ksÛ eÍ ^d`kfær fd`lh mRÎ`ÆV Î`fr ds` f¥, fn;k tkus ok¥k
fgUnh ds` fod`kl ls lEcfU|r l~tukRed` vkSj vk¥kspukRed` lkfgR; ds` {ks( eÍ mY¥s[uh; ;ksxnku gsrq lqcze≥;e Hkjrh iqjLd`kj%^ks\ fueZ¥k tSu o ^ks\ uan fd`'kksj uo¥\ fons'kkÍ eÍ fgUnh ds` ^pkj-^lkj ds` f¥, MkW\ tkWtZ fxz;lZu iqjLd`kj%^ks\ lqJh nkuwrk Lrkf'kd` iks¥S≥M\ fons'kkÍ eÍ fgUnh ds` ^pkj-^lkj ds` f¥, Hkjrh; ew¥ ds` fo}kuΩ d`ks fn;k tkus ok¥k MkW\ eksVwfj lR;ukjk;. iqjLd`kj% lqJh m"k f^;aonk\ fel bafM;k oYMZokbM-2009%Hkjrh; ew¥ d`h vejhd`h lqUnjh fufDd`rk'kk (Nikkitasha) ekjokg d`ks xr 14 œ`jojh d`ks Mjcu ·n\ vœz`hd`k‚ eÍ vk;ksftr ^fr;ksfxrk eÍ fel bafM;k oYMZokbM pquk

iqjLd`kj uUn Hkj}kt d`ks muds` d`kO; laxzg ‘gjh nwc d`k liuk’ ds` f¥, o æad`j iqjLd`kj jaxd`ehZ nsosUnz jkt vadq`j d`ks mud`h iqLrd` ‘jaxeap d`k lkSUn;ZækL(’ ds` f¥, fn;k x;k gS\

ds`Unzh; fgUnh laLFkku ds` fgUnh lsoh lEeku (2007) fgUnh ds` ^pkj-^lkj ds` f¥, ds`Unzh; fgUnh laLFkku d`h fgUnh lsoh lEeku ;kstuk ds` rgrΩ o"Z 2007 ds` iqjLd`kjkÍ d`k forj. jkÆV_ifr ^frHk ikfV¥ us xr 16 œ`jojh d`ks ubZ fnY¥h eÍ jkÆV_ifr Hou eÍ vk;ksftr ,d` lekjksg eÍ fd`;k\ ^eq[ iqjLd`kj fuEuf¥f[r d`ks ^nku fd`, x,% fgUnh ds` ^pkj-^lkj ,oa ^f'k{k. ds` {ks( eÍ mY¥s[uh; ;ksxnku gsrq xaxk 'kj. flag iqjLd`kj%MkW\ ,e\ 'ks"u] ^ks\ ,\ vjfoank{k. o ^ks tksgjk vœ`t¥\ fgUnh i(d`kfjrk o jpukRed` lkfgR; ds` f¥, x.s'k 'kad`j fo»kFkhZ iqjLd`kj% vk¥ksd` esgrk rFkk vejukFk vej o d`ek¥ [ku d`ks la;qDr Ôi ls\ fgUnh eÍ [kst o vuqla|ku rFkk ;k(k fooj. vkfn ds` {ks( eÍ mY¥s[uh; ;ksxnku gsrq egkiafMr jkgq¥ lkad~`R;k;u iqjLd`kj% MkW\ iwju pUn tks'kh o gfjjke eh.k\ oSKkfud` o rd`uhd`h lkfgR; o mid`j. fod`kl ds` f¥, vkRekjke iqjLd`kj% MkW\ nqxkZn® vks>k o lqcks| egarh ·la;qDr Ôi ls‚ rFkk fouhrk flag¥ o eukst iVSfj;k ·la;qDr Ôi ls‚\

fel bafM;k oYMZokbM-09’ fufDd`rkæk d`ks rkt lkßirh fiN¥s o"Z d`h fotsrk 'kxqu lkjkHkbZ

(Nikkitasha) ekjokg

x;k\ 25 ns'kkÍ eÍ clh Hkjrh; ew¥ d`h lqUnfj;kÍ us bl ^fr;ksfxrk eÍ Hkx f¥;k Fkk\ vkLV_sf¥;k d`h da`pu oekZ (23) o uhnj¥S≥MΩl d`h lqu;uk Hks,anh d`ks dz`e'k# ^Fke o f}rh; mifotsrk ?ksf"r fd`;k x;k\ fiN¥s o"Z (2008) d`h fel bafM;k oYMZokbM us bl o"Z d`h fotsrk d`ks rkt iguk;k\ LVsV cßd` ds` ps;jeSu H± d`ks ,fæ;k euh d`k ‘cSLV ,DthD;wfVo’ iqjLd`kj% fo®h; if(d`k ‘,fæ;k euh’ us Hkjrh; LVsV cßd` (SBI) ds` ps;jeSu vks\ ih\ H± d`ks o"Z 2008 d`k ‘cSLV ,DthD;wfVo’ iqjLd`kj ^nku fd`;k gS\

ia\ Hhelsu tks'kh Hkjr jRu ls lEekfur fgUnqLrkuh ækL(h; xk;d` ia\ Hhelsu tksæh d`ks nsæ ds` loksZPp Hkjr jRu lEeku ls lEekfur d`jus d`h ?ks".k ds`Unz ljd`kj us uoEcj eÍ d`h ƒh\ ;g lEeku mUgÍ ubZ fnY¥h eÍ jkÆV_ifr ds` gkƒkÍ fn;k tkuk ƒk] fd`Urq LokLF; lEcU|h d`kj.kÍ ls fnY¥h tkus eÍ vleƒZrk O;Dr d`jrs gq, 87 o"hZ; ia\ tks'kh us vius vkokl ij gh bls ^kIr d`jus d`h bPNk O;Dr d`h ƒh\ mud`h bPNk ds` vuqÔi x~g ea(k¥; ds` vfrfjDr lfpo us xr 10 œ`jojh d`ks iq.s eÍ muds` vkokl ij ;g lEeku mUgÍ jkÆV_ifr d`h vksj ls ^nku fd`;k\ fgUnqLrkuh 'kkL(h; laxhr eÍ “;k¥ vkSj HfDr laxhr ds` egkjFkh ia\ Hhelsu tks'kh d`ks inΩeJh] inΩe Hw". o inΩe foHw". ls ig¥s gh lEekfur fd`;k tk pqd`k gS\ nsæ d`k loksZPp lEeku ^kIr d`jus ok¥s og d`¥k ,oa laLd~`fr ”s( d`h NBh gLrh gß\ bl ”s( d`h gfLr;kÍ eÍ lR;thr js] ,e,l lqCcq¥{eh] iafMr jfoæad`j] ¥rk eaxsæd`j vkSj mLrkn fcfLeY¥k [ku d`ks ;g lEeku ig¥s fe¥ pqd`k gS\ Hkjr jRu ^kIr d`jus ok¥s og nwljs ækL(h; xk;d` gß\ o"Z 1998 eÍ ;g loksZPp ukxfjd` lEeku ækL(h; xkf;d`k lqCcq¥{eh d`ks fn;k x;k ƒk\ 2001 ds` ckn ;g ig¥k volj gS] tc fd`lh gLrh d`ks ‘Hkjr jRu’ ls lEekfur fd`;k x;k gS\ 2001 eÍ fcfLeY¥k [ku o ¥rk eaxs'kd`j d`ks ns'k d`k ;g loksZPp ukxfjd` lEeku fn;k x;k Fkk\ ns'k d`k ;g loksZPp lEeku vc rd` dq`¥ 41 gfLr;kÍ d`ks ^nku fd`;k x;k gS\ bueÍ nks fons'kh ·[ku vCnqY¥k iq.s eÍ vius vkokl ij nsæ d`k loksZPp lEeku ‘Hkjr jRu’ xzg. d`jrs ækL(h; xŒœ`kj [ku%‘lhekar xka|h’] ikfd`Lrku o usYlu eaMs¥k] xk;d` iafMr Hhelsu tksæh n\ vœz`hd`k‚ o ,d` fons'kh ew¥ d`h Hkjrh; ·,Xusl xkÍD;k cks;kD'kw%‘enj Vsjslk’‚ 'kkfe¥ gß\ Hkjr jRu ls lEekfur bu 41 gfLr;kÍ eÍ ls ds`o¥ Ng ·usYlu eaMs¥k] MkW\ ,ihts vCnq¥ d`¥ke] ia\ jfo'kad`j] veR;Z lsu] ¥rk eaxs'kd`j o ia\ Hhelsu tks'kh‚ gh orZeku eÍ thfor gß\ ,d`ek( 'kf“l;r ftlds` f¥, ;g lEeku ?ksf"r fd`, tkus ds` ckn] ?ks".k d`ks okil f¥;k x;k] lqHk" pUnz cksl gß\ mUgÍ ;g lEeku ej.ksijkar fn, tkus d`h ?ks".k 1992 eÍ d`h xbZ Fkh] fd`Urq muds` fu|u d`h iqfÆV u gks ikus ds` d`kj. ;g ?ks".k okil ¥s ¥h xbZ Fkh\ Hkjr jRu lEeku ig¥h ckj 1954 eÍ pdz`orhZ jktxksik¥kpkjh] loZiY¥h jk|kd~`Æ.u] o lh\ oh\ jeu d`ks fn;k x;k Fkk\ 2008

Hkjr jRu ls lEekfur O;fDr dz`e\ 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

uke pdz`orhZ jktxksik¥kpkjh MkW\ loZiY¥h jk|kd~`Æ.u MkW\ pUnz'ks[j oÍd`Vjeu MkW\ Hxoku nkl MkW\ eks{kkxqaMe fo'os'ojS;k tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ xksfoUn cY¥H iar MkW\ |kÍMks ds`'ko d`osZ MkW\ fc|ku pUnz jk; iq:"ks®enkl B≥Mu MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn MkW\ tkfd`j gqlSu MkW\ ikaMqjax okeu d`k.s ¥k¥ cgknqj 'kkL(h ·ej.ksijkar‚ bfUnjk xka|h ojkgfxfj oÍd`Vfxfj dq`ekjkLokeh d`kejkt ·ej.ksijkar‚ esjh Vsjslk ckstkfDl˜ ·enj Vsjslk‚ vkpk;Z fouksck Hkos ·ej.ksijkar‚ [ku vCnq¥ xŒœ`kj [k∑ e:nq xksik¥u jkepUnzu ·ej.ksijkar‚

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1553

o"Z dz`e\ (1878–1972) 1954

22.

(1888–1975) 1954

23.

(1888–1970) 1954

24.

(1869–1958) 1955

25.

(1861–1962) 1955

26.

(1889–1964) 1955

27.

(1887–1961) 1957

28.

(1858–1962) 1958

29.

(1882–1962) 1961

30.

(1882–1962) 1961

31.

(1884–1963) 1962

32.

(1897–1969) 1963

33.

(1880–1972) 1963

34.

(1904–1966) 1966

35.

(1917–1984) 1971

36.

(1884–1980) 1975

37.

(1903–1975) 1976

38.

(1910–1997) 1980

39.

(1895–1982) 1983

40.

(1890–1988) 1987

41.

(1917–1987) 1988

uke MkW\ Hhejko jketh vEcsMd`j ·ej.ksijkar‚ MkW\ usYlu jksfgYgkYgk eaMs¥k jktho xka|h ·ej.ksijkar‚ ljnkj oY¥HHkbZ iVs¥ ·ej.ksijkar‚ eksjkjth j.NksÈMth nslkbZ ekS¥kuk vcq¥ d`¥ke vktkn ·ej.ksijkar‚ tgk∑xhj jruth nknkHkbZ VkVk lR;thr js v:.k vklœ` v¥h ·ej.ksijkar‚ xq¥tkjh ¥k¥ uank ·ej.ksijkar‚ MkW\ voq¥ id`hj tSuq¥kCnhu vCnq¥ d`¥ke enqjkbZ "≥eq[koSnhoq lqCck¥{eh fpnEcje lqcze≥;e ¥ksd`uk;d` t;^d`k'k ukjk;. ·ej.ksijkar‚ ^ksœs`lj veR;Z lsu ¥ksd`f^; xksihukFk ckjnks¥ksbZ ·ej.ksijkar‚ iafMr jfo'kad`j ¥rk nhukukFk eaxs'kd`j mLrkn fcfLeY¥kg [k∑ ia\ Hhelsu tks'kh

o"Z (1891–1956) 1990 (tUe 1918)

1990

(1944–1991) 1991 (1875–1950) 1991 (1896–1995) 1991 1888–1958) 1992 (1904–1993) 1992 (1922–1992) 1992 (1909–1996) 1997 (1898–1997) 1997 (tUe 1931)

1997

(1916–2004) 1998 (1910–2000) 1998 (1902–1979) 1999 (tUe 1993)

1999

(1890-1950) 1999 (tUe 1920)

1999

(tUe 1929)

2001

(1916–2006) 2001 (tUe 1922)

2008

Hkjrh; f∂`ds`V da`V_ks¥ cksMZ ds` okf"Zd` iqjLd`kj ·2007-08‚%Hkjrh;

bl o"Z xzseh iqjLd`kj fotsrkvkÍ eÍ Hkjr ds` tkfd`j gqlSu Hh 'kkfe¥ laxhr txrΩ ds` ^frfÆBr xzseh iqjLd`kjkÍ d`k forj. ¥kWl ,atsYl eÍ xr 8 œ`jojh d`ks fd`;k x;k\ ;g iqjLd`kj ikus ok¥kÍ eÍ Hkjr ds` tkus-ekus rc¥k oknd` mLrkn tkfd`j gqlSu Hh 'kkfe¥ gß\ mUgÍ ;g iqjLd`kj rhu vU; fons'kh laxhrd`kjkÍ ds` lkFk mud`h

th\ vkj\ fo'oukƒ

f∂`ds`V d`UV_ks¥ cksMZ (BCCI) ds ` o"Z 2007-08 ds` iqjLd`kjkÍ d`k forj. eqEcbZ eÍ xr 18 œ`jojh d`ks fd`;k x;k\ bueÍ loksZPp ¥kbœ`Vkbe ,phoeÍV iqjLd`kj ·lh\ ds`\ uk;Mw V_kWœ`h‚ iwoZ VsLV LVkj xq≥MIik fo'oukƒ d`ks ^nku fd`;k x;k\ bl iqjLd`kj ds` rgrΩ 15 ¥k[ :i, d`h jkfæ mUgÍ ^nku d`h xbZ\ cksMZ ds` lHh iqjLd`kjkÍ d`h lwph fuEuf¥f[r gS% lh\ ds`\ uk;Mw%th\ vkj\ fo'oukFk ·15 ¥k[ :i,‚ ik¥h mejhxj%ohjÍnz lgokx ·5 ¥k[ :i,‚\ ek|ojko flaf|;k V_kWœ`h ·cY¥sckt‚% psrs'oj iqtkjk ek|ojko flaf|;k V_kWœ`h ·xÍnckt‚% lqnhi R;kxh ,e\ ,\ fpnEcjeΩ V_kWœ`h ·vaMj 15‚% vafd`r cokus ·egkjkÆV_‚ ,e\ ,\ fpnEcjeΩ V_kWœ`h ·vaMj 17‚% eanhi flag ·iatkc‚ ,e\ ,\ fpnEcjeΩ V_kWœ`h ·vaMj 19‚% Hqous'oj dq`ekj ·m®j ^ns'k‚ ,e\ ,\ fpnEcjeΩ V_kWœ`h ·vaMj 22‚% jkgq¥ nhoku ·fnY¥h‚ ,e\ ,\ fpnEcjeΩ V_kWœ`h ·loZJsÆB efg¥k fdz`ds`Vj‚%ferk¥h jkt ,e\ ,\ fpnEcjeΩ V_kWœ`h ·loZJsÆB twfu;j efg¥k fdz`ds`Vj‚%,e\ Mh\ fFk:"d`kfeuh\ fo'ks" iqjLd`kj%egkjkÆV_k] csLV vksojvkW¥ ijœ`kjeÍl\ 2007-08 l(%|ksuh] jktho xka|h [s¥ jRu iqjLd`kj ^kIr d`jus ds` f¥,\ gjHtu flag %rhu lkS VsLV fods`V vkSj inΩeJh iqjLd`kj ^kIr d`jus ds` f¥,\ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1554

mLrkn tkfd`j gqlSu

,¥ce X¥ksc¥ M_e ^kstsDV ds ` f¥, led`k¥hu fo'o laxhr (Contemporary World Music) ,¥ce d`h Js.h eÍ fn;k x;k gS\ ;g nwljk volj gS] tc xzseh iqjLd`kj mUgÍ ^nku fd`;k x;k gS\ blls iwoZ 1991 eÍ I¥SusV M_e ,¥ce ds` f¥, fo'o laxhr Js.h eÍ la;qDr Ôi ls mUgÍ ;g iqjLd`kj fn;k x;k Fkk\ tkfd`j gqlSu ds` vfrfjDr nks vU; Hkjrh; laxhrd`kjkÍ ia\ jfo'kad`j ,oa fo'o eksgu HVΩV ·eksgu oh.k ds` l~td`‚ d`ks iwoZ o"ksÛ eÍ xzseh iqjLd`kj fe¥ pqd`k gS\ 1967 eÍ ig¥h ckj xzseh ikus ok¥s ig¥s Hkjrh; jfo'kad`j Fks\ mUgÍ ;g iqjLd`kj rhu ckj · 1967 ds` ckn 1972 o 2001 eÍ‚ fe¥ pqd`k gS\ bl o"Z ds` xzseh iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ ,¥ce vkWœ` n bZ;j d`k iqjLd`kj jkWcVZ I¥kaV o ,f¥lu dz`kWl d`ks mud`h ,¥ce jsfÈtx lßM (Raising Sand) ds` f¥, fn;k x;k gS\

ckW¥hoqM ds` 10 d`¥kd`kjkÍ d`ks ‘fœ`Dd`h vkbœ`k’ iqjLd`kj%xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ eqEcbZ ‘fœ`Dd`h’ (FICCI) ds` ehfM;k ,oa euksjatu m»ksx ij ds`fUnzr lEes¥u ‘œzs`El-2009’ ·FICCI—Frames-2009 ‚ eÍ ckW¥hoqM ds` 10 d`¥kd`kjkÍ d`ks ‘eksLV ikWiq¥j ,aVjVsuj vkWœ` fMds`M ds` Ôi eÍ iqjLd~`r fd`;k x;k\ bueÍ ‘vkbœ`k’ (IIFA—Indian International Film Academy) ds` czkaM ,EcslMj vferkH

cPpu ds` vfrfjDr d`jhuk d`iwj] f^;ad`k pksiÈMk] ^hfr ftaVk us O;fDrxr Ôi ls mifLFkr gksd`j iqjLd`kj xzg. fd`;k\ vU; iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ 'kkgÔ[ [ku] v{k; dq`ekj]

vkfej [ku] )`frd` jks'ku o ,'o;kZ jk; d`k;Zdz`e eÍ mifLFkr ugÓ Fks\ nks vU; d`¥kd`kjkÍ%'kf'k d`iwj o 'kfeZ¥k VSxksj ds` f¥, ¥kbœ`Vkbe ,phoeÍV iqjLd`kj bl lekjksg eÍ ^nku fd`, x,\ L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j d`ks fe¥s lkr ‘ckŒVk’ iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ ,\ vkj\ jgeku d`k laxhr d`k iqjLd`kj Hh 'kkfe¥%fczfV'k funsZ'kd` Msuh cks,¥ (Danny Boyle) }kjk funsZf'kr fœ`Ye L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j (Slumdog Millionaire) ds` f¥, laxhr d`k ‘xksYMu X¥ksc’ thrus ok¥s Hkjrh; laxhrd`kj ,\ vkj\ jgeku d`ks blh fœ`Ye eÍ laxhr ds` f¥, nks vkWLd`j fe¥us ls iwoZ fczfV'k ,sds`Meh fœ`Ye ,≥M Vs¥hfotu vkVZΩl (BAFTA) d`k ^frfÆBr iqjLd`kj Hh 8 œ`jojh d`ks ¥anu eÍ ^kIr gqvk Fkk\ Msuh cks,¥ }kjk funsZf'kr bl fczfV'k fœ`Ye d`ks loZJsÆB fœ`Ye lfgr dq`¥ lkr iqjLd`kj ckŒVk iqjLd`kjkÍ ds` rgrΩ fn, x, Fks\ bueÍ loZJsÆB funsZ'ku] loZJsÆB ,MsIVsM Ldz`hu I¥s ·lkbeu fc;qœ`ks;‚] lEiknu] flusesVks xzkœ`h o ÷ofu ds` iqjLd`kj 'kkfe¥ gß\ ‘L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j’ d`ks ckŒVk iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ 11 Jsf.;kÍ eÍ ukekafd`r fd`;k x;k Fkk\ ckŒVk iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ ^eq[ iqjLd`kj fuEuf¥f[r d`ks ^nku fd`, x, gß% loZJsÆB fœ`Ye%L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j loZJsÆB funsZ'kd`%MSuh cks,¥ fœ`Ye% L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j‚ loZJsÆB vfHusrk%fed`h Ôjds` ·n jSLV¥j‚ loZJsÆB vfHus(h%ds`V foaLV¥sV ·n jhMj‚ loZJsÆB lgk;d` vfHusrk%ghFk ¥stj ·n MkdZ` ukbV‚ loZJsÆB lgk;d` vfHus(h%isuh¥ksi dzq`Èt ·fod`h fdz`LVhuk cklhZ¥ksuk‚ loZ J s Æ B la x hr%,\ vkj\ jgeku ·L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j‚ tho feY[k flag%,f'k;kbZ I¥s;j vkWœ` n bZ;j%Hkjr ds` LVkj xksYœ`j tho feY[k flag d`ks iFkZ ·vkLV_sf¥;k‚ eÍ tkWuh okd`j ,f'k;kbZ xksYœ`j vkWœ` n bZ;j d`k iqjLd`kj xr 21 œ`jojh d`ks ^nku fd`;k x;k\ foxr l( eÍ mRd~`ÆV ^n'kZu ds` f¥, mUgÍ ;g iqjLd`kj ^nku fd`;k x;k gS\ fiN¥s l( eÍ fo'oHj eÍ pkj xksYœ` f[rkc tho feY[k flag us thrs Fks\ foxr rhu o"ksÛ eÍ nwljh ckj mUgÍ ;g iqjLd`kj ^nku fd`;k x;k gS\

81oÍ vkWLd`j iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j d`ks vkB iqjLd`kj # Hkjr d`ks fe¥s rhu vkWLd`j la;qDr jkT; vejhd`k eÍ ¥kWl ,atsYl eÍ xr 22 œ`jojh d`ks 81oÍ vkWLd`j iqjLd`kjkÍ d`k forj. lekjksg Hkjr ds` f¥, ,sfrgkfld` jgk\ fczVsu ds` Msuh cks,¥ }kjk funsZf'kr cgqpfpZr fœ`Ye L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j us vkB vkWLd`j bl lekjksg eÍ thrs ftueÍ ls rhu Hkjrh;kÍ d`ks ^kIr gq,\ Hkjr ds` tkus-ekus laxhrd`kj ,\ vkj\ jgeku d`ks nks rFkk ds`j¥ ds` lkmaM bathfu;j jslq¥ iwdq`VΩVh d`ks ,d` vkWLd`j bl fœ`Ye eÍ muds` ;ksxnku ds` f¥, fe¥k\ fœ`Ye eÍ laxhr ds` f¥, ,\ vkj\ jgeku d`ks loZJsÆB ekSf¥d` laxhr (Best Original Score) d`k vkWLd`j fe¥k] tcfd` blh fœ`Ye ds` f¥, xq¥tkj }kjk jfpr xhr ‘t; gks ˙˙˙˙˙’ ds` f¥, loZJsÆB ekSf¥d` xhr (Best Original Song) d`k vkWLd`j jgeku o xq¥tkj d`ks la;qDr Ôi ls ^nku fd`;k x;k\ blh fœ`Ye eÍ ÷ofu feJ. ds` f¥, ds`j¥ ds` lkmaM bathfu;j jslq¥ iwdq`VΩVh (Resul Pookutty) d`ks loZJsÆB ÷ofu feJ. (Best Sound Mixing) d`k vkWLd`j nks vU;%b;ku VSi (Ian Tapp) o fjpMZ ^kbd` (Richard Pryke) ds` lkFk la;qDr Ôi ls ^nku fd`;k x;k\ eqEcbZ d`h >kÍiÈM iVΩVh eÍ jgus ok¥s ,d` fu|Zu ¥ÈMds` ds` d`jksÈMifr cuus d`h xq¥tkj # loZJsÆB xhr d`gkuh ij vk|kfjr fczfV'k fœ`Ye L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j d`ks tks vkB vkWLd`j bl o"Z gsrq la;qDr vkWLd`j ^kIr gq, mueÍ loZJsÆB ekSf¥d` laxhr ·,\ vkj\ jgeku‚ loZJsÆB ekSf¥d` xhr ·,\ vkj\ jgeku o xq¥tkj‚ rFkk loZJsÆB ÷ofu feJ. ·jslq¥ iwdq`VΩVh] b;ku VSi o fjpMZ ^kbd`‚ ds` vfrfjDr loZJsÆB fœ`Ye] loZJsÆB funsZ'kd` ·Msuh cks,¥‚] loZJsÆB Ôikarfjr iVd`Fkk ·lkbeu fo;qœ`ks;‚] loZJsÆB flusesVksxzkœ`h o loZJsÆB lEiknu ds` iqjLd`kj 'kkfe¥ gß\ bl fœ`Ye d`ks 9 Jsf.;kÍ eÍ 10 ukekad`u bl vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj gsrq ^kIr gq, Fks ·L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j d`k ,d` vkSj xhr ‘vks lk;k˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ ’%,\ vkj\ jgeku o ek;k v:¥ ^kxle] Hh ,\ vkj\ jgeku # nks vkWLd`j ikus ok¥s ig¥s loZJsÆB ekSf¥d` xhr d`h Js.h eÍ ukekafd`r Fkk‚\ lokZf|d` 13 Jsf.;kÍ eÍ ukekafd`r fœ`Ye ‘n D;wfj;l ds`l vkWœ` Hkjrh; cÍtkfeu cVu’ d`ks 3 vkWLd`j gh 81oÍ vkWLd`j iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ ^kIr gq,\ bl o"Z d`k vkWLd`j forj. lekjksg bl n~fÆV ls Hh Hkjr ds` f¥, egRoiw.Z jgk fd` m®j ^ns'k ds` fetkZiqj ft¥s ds` jkeiqj Mcgh xk∑o d`h d`Vs gksBkÍ ok¥h ,d` frjLd~`r ckf¥d`k ·fiad`h‚ ij vejhd`k d`h esxku ek;¥u }kjk cuk, x, o~®fp( ‘Lekb¥ fiad`h’ d`ks loZJsÆB ¥?q o~®fp( (Best Short Documentary) d`k vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj ^kIr gqvk\ bl fœ`Ye d`h 'kwfVax m®j ^ns'k eÍ fetkZiqj o okjk.lh eÍ gqbZ Fkh\ bl o"Z ds` vkWLd`j iqjLd`kjkÍ ds` f¥, vkfej [ku d`h rkjs

jslq¥ iwdq`VΩVh ·÷ofu feJ.‚ gsrq vkWLd`j # viuh iRuh o cPpkÍ ds` lkFk

Lekb¥ fiad`h d`k ds`Unz fcUnq fiad`h vius firk jktsUnz lksud`j o fœ`Ye d`h fuekZrk funsZ'kd` esxku ek;¥u ds` lkFk

L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j ds` funsZ'kd` Msuh cks,¥ ds` lkFk L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j ds` ck¥ d`¥kd`kj vtg:`nΩnhu eksgEen Lekb¥ o Ôchuk v¥h

teha ij Hkjr d`h vkf|d`kfjd` ^fofÆV Fkh\ ;g ik∑p ukekafd`r fœ`YekÍ eÍ Hh LFkku ugÓ cuk ld`h\ vkWLd`j iqjLd`kjkÍ ds` 81 o"ksÛ ds` bfrgkl eÍ ·vejhd`k d`h ,ds`Meh vkWœ` eks'ku fiDplZ vkVZ ,≥M lkbal us bu iqjLd`kjkÍ d`h 'kqÔvkr 1929 eÍ d`h Fkh\ blf¥, bu iqjLd`kjkÍ d`ks ,ds`Meh iqjLd`kj Hh d`grs gß\‚ Hkjr d`h ds`o¥ rhu fœ`YeÍ gh ukekafd`r ·vfUre ik∑p eÍ LFkku ^kIr‚ gks pqd`h gß\ bueÍ enj bafM;k (1958) ds`V foaL¥sV ·loZJsÆB vfHus(h‚ lhu iSu ·loZJsÆB l¥ke ckWEcs (1989) o ¥xku (2002) 'kkfe¥ gß\ bueÍ ls d`ksbZ Hh fœ`Ye iqjLd`kj thrus eÍ lœ`¥ ugÓ vfHusrk‚ o isus¥ksi dzw`Èt ·loZJsÆB lgk;d` vfHus(h‚ jgh\ eq“; vkWLd`j iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ blls iwoZ Hkjr d`h ds`o¥ Hkuq vFkS;k d`ks gh vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj ·1982 eÍ fœ`Ye xka|h eÍ ifj|ku lTtk ds` f¥,‚ fe¥k Fkk\ 1992 eÍ Hkjr ds` lR;thr jkW; d`ks ekun vkWLd`j ^nku fd`;k x;k Fkk\ 81oÍ vkWLd`j iqjLd`kjkÍ d`h iwjh lwph fuEuf¥f[r gS% ekSf¥d` xhr (Best Original Song)%,\ vkj\ jgeku o xq¥tkj ·t; loZJsÆB fœ`Ye%L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j (Slumdog Millionaire) gks˙˙˙L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j‚ loZJsÆB funsZ'ku%Msuh cks,¥ (Danny Boyle) ‘L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j’ d`¥k funsZ'ku (Art Direction) %n D;wfj;l ds`l vkWœ` cÍtkfeu cVu loZJsÆB vfHusrk%lhu iSu (Sean Penn)%‘feYd`’ Ôikarfjr iVd`Fkk (Adapted Screenplay)%lkbeu fc;qœ`ks; ·L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j‚ loZJsÆB vfHus(h%ds`V foaL¥sV (Kate Winslet)%‘n jhMj’ ekSf¥d` iVd`Fkk (Original Screenplay) %MfLVu ¥kal C¥ßd` ·feYd`‚ loZJsÆB lgvfHusrk%ghFk ¥stj (Heath Ledger) %‘n MkdZ` ukbV’ fœ`Ye lEiknu%f∂`l fMda`l L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j loZ J s Æ B lgvfHus(h %isus¥ksi dz w ` È t (Penelop Cruz)% ‘fod`h fdz`LVhuk flusesVksxzkœ`h%,aFkuh MkWM eÍV¥s ·L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j‚ cklhZ¥ksuk’ fons'kh Hk"k d`h loZJsÆB fœ`Ye%fMikpZlZ ·tkiku‚ loZJsÆB n~'; ^Hko (Visual Effect)%n D;wfj;l ds`l vkWœ` cÍtkfeu cVu o~®fp( œ`hpj%eSu vkWu n ok;j loZJsÆB ÷ofu feJ. (Sound Mixing)%jslq¥ iwdq`VΩVh ·Hkjr‚] b;ku VSi ¥?q o~®fp( (Short Documentry)%Lekb¥ fiad`h o fjpMZ ^kbd` ·L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j‚ ,uhesVsM œ`hpj fœ`Ye%okW¥ bZ (Wall-E) ÷ofu lEiknu%n MkdZ` ukbV ,uhesVsM ¥?q fœ`Ye%¥k esflu ,u isfVΩVl D;wCl esd`vi%n D;wfj;l ds`l vkWœ` cÍtkfeu cVu ¥kbo-,D'ku ¥?q fœ`Ye%Lih¥ÈT;wx¥S≥M (Toyland) ifj|ku fMtkbfuax (Costume Design)%ekbd`¥ vksd`ksuksj ·n Mpsl‚ thu g"ksZYV ÌwesfuVsfj;u vokMZ ·ekun vkWLd`j‚%tsjh ¥qbl (Jerry Lewis) ekSf¥d` laxhr (Original Score)%,\ vkj\ jgeku ·L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j‚ ·vejhd`h vfHusrk] fuekZrk-funsZ'kd`‚ bl o"Z ds` vkWLd`j iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ loZJsÆB lgk;d` vfHusrk d`k iqjLd`kj ikus ok¥s vkLV_sf¥;k ds` ghFk ¥stj (Health Ledger) d`ks ;g iqjLd`kj ej.ksijkar fe¥k gS\ ghFk ¥stj d`k fu|u ds`o¥ 28 o"Z d`h vk;q eÍ tuojh 2008 eÍ gks x;k Fkk\ ej.ksijkar vkWLd`j ikus ok¥s og nwljs vfHusrk gß\

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1555

L(h 'kfDr iqjLd`kj%ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` efg¥k ,oa ck¥ fod`kl ea(k¥; }kjk efg¥k l'kfDrd`j. ds` f¥, LFkkfir L(h 'kfDr iqjLd`kjkÍ d`k forj. ubZ fnY¥h eÍ xr 27 œ`jojh d`ks fd`;k x;k\ ;g iqjLd`kj fuEuf¥f[r efg¥kvkÍ d`ks ^nku fd`, x,% iqjLd`kj d`k uke d`≥.xh iqjLd`kj

jkuh ¥{ehckbZ iqjLd`kj jkuh xSfnaY;w tsf¥;kax iqjLd`kj nsoh vfgY;kckbZ iqjLd`kj ekrk thtkckbZ iqjLd`kj

iqjLd`kj ^kIr d`jus ok¥h efg¥k d`k uke Jherh p\ (Ch.) v:.k rkjk ·vkU|z ^ns'k‚ Jherh jkuh nsoh ·gfj;k.k‚ Jherh cqvkUxh ls¥ks ·fetksje‚ lqJh oSÆ.oh t;dq`ekj ·rfe¥ukMq‚ Jherh oh\ fot;k ·vkU|z ^ns'k‚

Jh¥ad`kbZ jkÆV_ifr jkti{ks ds` vkbZVh l¥kgd`kj d`k in ukjk;. ewfrZ us Bqd`jk;k%Hkjr d`h vxz.h vkbZVh d`Eiuh bUœ`ksfll ds` iwoZ lhbZvks ,u\ vkj\ ukjk;. ewfrZ d`ks Jh¥aad`k ds` jkÆV_ifr efgUnk jkti{ks us viuk vkbZVh l¥kgd`kj xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ fu;qDr fd`;k Fkk\ ;g in Lohd`kj d`jus ds` ,d` lIrkg ds` Hhrj ewfrZ us bls R;kx fn;k gS\ Jh¥ad`k ds` jkÆV_ifr lfpok¥; eÍ o"Z 2009 d`ks bafx¥'k o bUœ`kWesZ'ku VsDuks¥kWth o"Z ?ksf"r d`jus ds` f¥, ,d` lekjksg d`k vk;kstu xr 13 œ`jojh d`ks fd`;k x;k Fkk\ ukjk;. ewfrZ d`ks eq“; vfrfFk ds` Ôi eÍ cq¥k;k x;k Fkk\ bl lekjksg ds` ckn gh jkti{ks us mUgÍ vUrjkZÆV_h; l¥kgd`kj ds` Ôi eÍ fu;qDr fd`;k Fkk\ ml le; bl in d`ks Lohd`kj d`jus d`h ?ks".k ukjk;. ewfrZ us d`h Fkh\ blds` ik∑p fnu ds` Hhrj gh jkti{ks d`ks Hsts ,d` i( eÍ mUgkÍus futh d`kj.kÍ ls bl nkf;Ro d`k cks> mBk ikus eÍ vleFkZrk O;Dr d`j nh\ vius bl i( eÍ ewfrZ us bu d`kj.kÍ d`k d`ksbZ mY¥s[ ugÓ fd`;k gS\ le>k tkrk gS fd` ewfrZ us ;g d`ne Jh¥ad`k eÍ tkjh tkrh; la?"Z d`h otg ls mBk;k gS\ i( eÍ ewfrZ d`h vksj ls mUgÍ vkbZVh l¥kgd`kj cuk, tkus rFkk Jh¥ad`k ;k(k ds` nkSjku muds` ^fr trk, x, lEeku ds` f¥, jkti{ks d`k |U;okn vnk fd`;k x;k gS\ t;jke jes'k%vkU|z ^ns'k ls jkT; lHk lnL; Jh jes'k us vkxkeh ¥ksd` lHk ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1556

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^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1557

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[tqjkgks egksRlo%e÷; ^nsæ d`k ^fl* [tqjkgks u~R; egksRlo xr œ`jojh ds` vfUre lIrkg eÍ lEiUu gqvk\ egksRlo eÍ vusd` tkus-ekus u~R;d`kjkÍ us viuh u~R; ok;q lsuk d`k ‘nf{k. ^gkj’%Hkjrh; d`¥kvkÍ d`k ^næZu fd`;k\ ok;q lsuk d`h nf{k.h d`eku us nf{k. Hkjr eÍ viuh lapk¥u {kerk ds` v˙;kl ds` rgrΩ ‘nf{k. ^gkj’ uke ls ,d` lIrkg d`k lSU;k˙;kl xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ cax¥kSj eÍ ,;jks bafM;k- 2009 ds` lekiu ds` ckn ‘fœ`Dd`h’ d`k œzs`El-2009%m»ksx fd`;k\ O;kikj txrΩ ds` vxz.h laxBu ‘fœ`Dd`h’ Hkjr-ckaX¥kns'k la;qDr lSU;k˙;kl (FICCI) ds` rRoko|ku eÍ ehfM;k o LFkfxr%Hkjr o ckaX¥kns'k d`h lsukvkÍ d`k euks j a t u m»ks x ij ds`fUnzr lEes¥u œzs`El,d` vkrad`okn fojks|h la;qDr lSU;k˙;kl 2009 d`k vk;ks tu eqEcbZ eÍ xr œ`jojh vle eÍ tksjgV ok;q lSfud` ds`Unz ij 22 ekg eÍ gq v k gS \ œ`jojh%7 ekpZ] 2009 ds` nkSjku gksuk Fkk\ bZ-xousÛl ij jkÆV_h; lEes¥u%bZ¥ksd` lHk ds` vkxkeh pqukokÍ ds` ifj^s{; xousÛl ij 12ok∑ jkÆV_h; lEes¥u xksok eÍ eÍ ;g LFkfxr d`j fn;k x;k gS\ xr 12–13 œ`jojh d`ks lEiUu gqvk\ fo®h; lad`V ij th-20 f'k[j lEes¥u%ekStwnk oSf'od` lad`V ij fo'o d`h 20 ^eq[ vFkZO;oLFkkvkÍ d`k nwljk lEes¥u 2 v^S¥] 2009 d`ks ¥anu jkÆV_h; |jksgj vk;ksx ds` xBu d`k f'k[j eÍ gksxk\ ,slk ig¥k f'k[j lEes¥u uoEcj ljd`kj d`k bjknk 2008 eÍ okf'kaxVu eÍ vk;ksftr fd`;k x;k Hkjrh; iqjkrRo losZ{k. o jkT;kÍ ds` Fkk\ ekStwnk oSf'od fo®h; lad`V ds` chp iqjkrRo foHkxkÍ ds` vUrxZr ugÓ vkus ok¥s ikjLifjd` fo'okl cgk¥ d`jus ,oa |jksgj LFk¥kÍ d`h leqfpr lqj{kk o ns[Hk¥ vkfFkZd` fod`kl d`h xkÈMh d`ks okil iVjh ds` f¥, ,d` i~FkdΩ` jkÆV_h; |jksgj vk;ksx ds` xBu d`k ljd`kj d`k bjknk gS\ blds` f¥, ij ¥kus ds` mik;kÍ ij ppkZ ¥anu lEes¥u ,d` vf|fu;e laln eÍ ikfjr fd`;k tk,xk\ eÍ gksxh\ Hkjr lfgr 20 ^eq[ jkÆV_kÍ ds` ^Lrkfor vk;ksx eÍ v÷;{k vkSj lkr lnL; jkÆV_k÷;{kkÍ ds` vfrfjDr ^eq[ vUrjkZÆV_h; euksuhr fd`, tk,axs] tks iqjkrRo] bfrgkl] la?kÍ ds` ^eq[ Hh bl lEes¥u eÍ Hkx okLrq'kkL( foKku ,oa ^kS»ksfxd`h] i;kZoj. ¥Íxs\ bleÍ ;wjksih; ;wfu;u (EU), vœz`hd`h foKku ds` {ks( eÍ tqÈMs gkÍxs\ ;wfu;u (AU) o vkfl;ku (ASEAN) ds` vfrfjDr vœz`hd`k ds` fu|Zu jkÆV_kÍ d`k U;w ikVZujf'ki œ`kWj vœz`hd`kl Mso¥ieÍV (NEPAD) Hh 'kkfe¥ gS\ e:` egksRlo%jktLFkku d`k ^fl* e: egksRlo (Festival of Desert) xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ tSl¥esj eÍ lEiUu gqvk\ d`kthjaxk gkƒh egksRlo%gkfƒ;kÍ ,oa euqÆ;kÍ ds` lgvfLrRo d`ks cÈ
vaVkdZ`fVd` ij ig¥k ^nw".-jfgr vuqla|ku ds`Unz%vaVkdZ`fVd` ·nf{k.h |zqo‚ ij xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ d`k;Z'kh¥ gqvk csfYt;e d`k vuqla|ku ds`Unz ogk∑ LFkkfir

nf{k.h |zqo ij csfYt;e d`k ^nw". jfgr vuqla|ku ds`Unz f^alsl ,f¥lkcsFk

,slk ig¥k ds`Unz gS] ftlls fd`lh rjg d`k ^nw". mRltZu ugÓ gksxk\ f^alsl ,f¥lkcsFk (Princess Elisabeth) uke d`k ;g

vuqla|ku ds`Unz nks o"ksÛ eÍ rS;kj fd`;k x;k gS rFkk ˜tkZ ds` f¥, oSd`fYid` lzksrkÍ iou ˜tkZ ,oa lkSj ˜tkZ d`k bLrsek¥ bleÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ ˜tkZ laj{k. ds` f¥, bld`k fMtkbu Hh fo'ks" ^d`kj d`k j[k x;k gS\ d~`f(e ‘Luksœ`kW¥’ d`jkus eÍ phu d`ks lœ`¥rk%d~`f(e o"kZ ds` ckn vc phuh oSKkfud`kÍ us d~`f(e ‘Luksœ`kW¥’ d`jkus eÍ Hh lœ`¥rk ^kIr d`j ¥h gS\ d~`f(e Luksœ`kW¥ d`k ig¥k lkoZtfud` ^n'kZu ogk∑ xr 18 œ`jojh d`ks ‘xzsV okW¥ vkWœ` pkbuk’ ij fd`;k x;k gS\ lw[s d`h fLFkfr ls fuiVus ds` f¥, d~`f(e o"kZ o d~`f(e Luksœ`kW¥ d`h rS;kfj;k∑ ogk∑ d`h tk jgh gß\

ghjs ls Hh d`Bksj gß nks vU; [fut # oSKkfud`kÍ d`k nkok 1967 eÍ [ksts x, fdz`LV¥h; [fut ¥kal Ms¥kbV ds` ghjs (Diamond) ls Hh 58 ^fr'kr vf|d` d`Bksj gksus d`k nkok 'ka?kbZ fo'ofo»k¥; ds` oSKkfud`kÍ us viuh gk¥ gh d`h ,d` fjiksVZ eÍ fd`;k gS\ ,d` vU; [fut oqVZtkbV cksjku ukbV_kbM] ftld`h lajpuk ghjs tSlh gh gksrh gS] fd`Urq ;g v¥x ijek.qvkÍ ls cuk gksrk gS] d`ks ig¥s gh ghjs ls vf|d` d`Bksj crk;k tk jgk gS\ Hwjs-ih¥s jax ok¥s ¥kal Ms¥kbV ghjs d`h rjg gh d`kcZu ijek.qvkÍ ls cuk gS] fd`Urq mlds` ijek.q ghjs ls fHUu vkd`kj eÍ O;ofLFkr gksrs gß\ foKku if(d`k ‘U;w lkbafVLV’ eÍ ^d`kf'kr 'ka?kbZ ds` oSKkfud`kÍ d`h rktk fjiksVZ eÍ ¥kal Ms¥kbV d`ks lcls d`Bksj inkFkZ crk;k x;k gS\

fonsæh ,tsUlh gsrq bljks }kjk fufeZr ig¥k mixzg foœ`¥%fons'kh d`kjksckj gkfl¥ d`jus ds` Hkjrh; vUrfj” vuqlU|ku laxBu (ISRO) ds` vfH;ku d`ks ,d` cÈMk >Vd`k xr tuojh ekg eÍ ml le; ¥xk] tc ,d` ;wjksih; ,tÍlh ds` f¥, mlds` }kjk fufeZr lapkj mixzg W2M vUrfj” eÍ ukd`ke;kc lkfcr gqvk\ ‘bljks’ us ;g mixzg ;wjksih; vUrfj” ,tsUlh ‘bZ,Mh,l-,fLV_;e vkWœ` ;wjksi’ ds` f¥, cuk;k ƒk rƒk bld`k ^”si. ≠ß`p xq;kuk eÍ d`kSÔ fLƒr ^”si. ds`Unz ls 21 fnlEcj] 2008 d`ks fd`;k x;k ƒk\ mixzg ds` d`k;Zæh¥ gksus ls ig¥s gh bld`h fo»qrΩ ^.k¥h eÍ xÈMcÈMh vk xbZ\ fd`lh fonsæh ,tsUlh ds` f¥, cuk;k x;k ‘bljks’ d`k ;g ig¥k gh lapkj mixzg ƒk\ uklk d`k mixzg ¥s tk jgk jkWds`V uÆV gqvk%vejhd`h vUrfj{k ,tÍlh ‘uklk’ d`k mixzg ¥s tk jgk ,d` jkWds`V xr 24 œ`jojh d`ks vlœ`¥ ^{ksi. ds` ckn vaVkdZ`fVd`k ds` lehi leqnz eÍ fxjd`j uÆV gks x;k\ Vksjl ,Dl ,¥ uke d`k ;g jkWds`V vius lkFk ,d` d`kcZu os|'kk¥k ¥s tk jgk Fkk] ftld`k ed`ln vUrfj{k ls nqfu;k ds` cÈ
Hßl ds` D¥ksu d`ks tUe fn¥kus eÍ Hkjrh; oSKkfud`kÍ d`h lœ`¥rk gfj;k.k eÍ d`juk¥ fLFkr us'ku¥ Ms;jh fjlpZ baLVhVΩ;wV (NDRI) ds` ,sfue¥ ck;ksVsDuks¥kWth lÍVj ds` oSKkfud`kÍ us Hßl ds` D¥ksu d`ks tUe fn¥kus eÍ lœ`¥rk œ`jojh 2009 eÍ ^kIr d`h\ 6 œ`jojh] 2009 d`ks tUes bl D¥ksu d`h e~R;q tUe ls ,d` lIrkg ds` Hhrj gh ;»fi gks xbZ gS] rFkkfi ,sls ,d` vU; D¥ksu ds` 'kh?z gh tUe ¥sus d`h lEHkouk ,uMhvkjvkbZ ds` oSKkfud`kÍ us O;Dr d`h gS\ Hßl d`k D¥ksu cukus ok¥k Hkjr fo'o d`k ig¥k ns'k gS bl D¥ksfuax ds` f¥, ig¥s pj. ds` rgrΩ ftl Hßl ds` xHkZ'k; ls cPpk iSnk d`jkuk Fkk] mlds` v≥Mk'k; ls v≥Ms ¥sd`j ^;ksx'kk¥k eÍ Hßl ds` D¥ksu ds` lkFk jkÆV_h; Ms;jh lqjf{kr j[s x, vkSj tho jlk;u fdz`;k ls vuqla|ku laLFkku ds` oSKkfud` v≥Ms d`k d`op gVk fn;k x;k\ nwljs pj. eÍ ftl mUur ^tkfr d`h Hßl d`k D¥ksu rS;kj d`juk Fkk] mlds` d`ku ds` NksVs ls Vqd`ÈMs ls <sj lkjh d`ksf'kd`k,a (Cells) rS;kj d`h xbÛ\ rhljs pj. ds` rgrΩ ^;ksx'kk¥k eÍ lqjf{kr j[s x, Hßl ds` v≥Ms ls d`ksf'kd`k d`ks fe¥k;k x;k\ ftlls ^;ksx'kk¥k eÍ Hzw. rS;kj gks x;k\ pkSFks pj. eÍ bl Hzw. d`ks oSKkfud` rjhds` ls Hßl ds` xHkZ'k; eÍ j[ fn;k x;k\ ik∑poÍ pj. eÍ Hßl ds` ig¥s D¥ksu f'k'kq d`k tUe gqvk\ blh rjg ls d`bZ D¥ksu f'k'kq dz`e'k# iSnk gkÍxs\ Hßl d`h lœ`¥ D¥ksfuax ds` i'pkrΩ jkÆV_h; Ms;jh vuqla|ku laLFkku ds` oSKkfud` tEew fLFkr 'ksj-,-d`'ehj fo'ofo»k¥; ds` oSKkfud`kÍ ds` lkFk fe¥d`j i'kehuk cd`jh d`h D¥ksfuax d`jÍxs\ rhu o"Z d`h bl ifj;kstuk ‘us'ku¥ ,xzhd`Ypj¥ buksos'kal ^kstsDV’ ds` f¥, Hkjrh; d~`f" vuqla|ku ifj"nΩ (ICAR) d`h eatwjh xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ gh ^nku d`h xbZ gS\

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1558

vUrfj{k eÍ nks mixzgkÍ d`h Hh". VDd`j%i~Foh d`h lrg ls ¥xHx 800 fd`eh ˜ij vUrfj{k eÍ vejhd`k o Ôl ds` nks fufÆdz`; mixzg xr 10 œ`jojh d`ks vkil eÍ Vd`jk x,\ bl Hh". VDd`j ls mud`k e¥ok vUrfj{k eÍ fc[j x;k gS\ lkbcsfj;k ds` ˜ij Vd`jk, bu mixzgkÍ eÍ ,d` vejhd`k d`k 1997 eÍ ^{ksfir bfjfM;e okf.fT;d` mixzg (Iridium Commercial Satellite) o nwljk 1993 eÍ ^{ksfir Ôlh lSU; mixzg Fkk\ buds` otu dz`e'k# 560 fd`xzk o ,d` Vu otu ds` Fkk rFkk ;g mixzg vc d`k;Z'kh¥ ugÓ Fks\ vUrfj{k eÍ fd`lh d`{kk eÍ mixzgkÍ ;k vU; oLrqvkÍ ds` Vd`jkus ds` dq`N vU; eke¥s ;»fi ig¥s Hh gks pqds` gß] og nq?ZVuk,a NksVs ‘vkWCtsDVΩl’ ds` Vd`jkus d`h jgh gß\ rhoz xfr ds` lkFk nks fo'kk¥ mixzgkÍ ds` Vd`jkus d`k ;g ig¥k gh eke¥k crk;k x;k gS\ mÈMhlk eÍ ;k(h xkÈMh nq?ZVuk%xr 13 œ`jojh d`ks mÈMhlk eÍ Hqous'oj ls ¥xHx lkS fd`¥ksehVj nwj tktiqj jksM js¥os LVsæu ds` fud`V gkoÈMk ls psUubZ tk jgh d`ksjkse≥M¥ ,Dl^sl ds` 18 fMCcs iVjh ls mrjus ls d`e-ls-d`e 24 ;kf(;kÍ d`h e~R;q gks xbZ\ bl nq?ZVuk eÍ 150 vU; ;k(h ?k;¥ gks x,\ Vs_u ds` pk¥d` vkSj lgk;d` pk¥d` Hh bl nq?ZVuk eÍ xEHhj Ôi ls ?k;¥ gq,\ lHh e~rd`kÍ d`ks ik∑pik∑p ¥k[ :i, rƒk muds` ,d` ifjtu d`ks ukSd`jh nsus vkSj ?k;¥kÍ d`ks ipklipkl gtkj :i, nsus d`h ?ks".k js¥ea(h ¥k¥w ^lkn ;kno us d`h gS\ vejhd`k eÍ ;k(h foeku vkoklh; Hou ij fxjk # lHh ;kf(;kÍ d`h e~R;q% xr 12 œ`jojh d`ks la;qDr jkT; vejhd`k

eÍ usokdZ` (Newark), U;wtlhZ ls cœs`¥ks (Buffalo) d`h mÈMku ok¥k ,d` ;k(h foeku cœs`¥ks ds` fud`V ,d` vkoklh; Hou

ds` ˜ij tk fxjk\ foeku ij lokj lHh 48 ¥ksxkÍ ds` lkƒ-lkƒ tehu ij [ÈMs ,d` O;fDr d`h Hh bl nq?ZVuk eÍ e~R;q gks xbZ\ nq?ZVukxzLr rs¥ Vßd`j eÍ foLœ`ksV ls d`hfu;k eÍ 100 ls vf|d` ¥ksxkÍ d`h e~R;q%xr 31 tuojh d`ks d`hfu;k eÍ jkt|kuh uSjksch ls 150 fd`eh nwj eks¥ks (Molo) 'kgj eÍ ,d` nq?ZVukxzLr rs¥ Vßd`j eÍ foLœ`ksV gks tkus ls 100 ls vf|d` ¥ksx t¥ d`j ekjs x,\ ejus ok¥kÍ eÍ vf|d`ka'k og Fks] tks rs¥ fud`k¥us ds` bjkns ls ogk∑ ,d`( Fks\ crk;k x;k gS fd` fd`lh d`h t¥h gqbZ flxjsV ls rs¥ us vkx id`ÈM ¥h ftlls Vßd`j eÍ foLœ`ksV gks x;k\ ifV;k¥k ds` vLirk¥ eÍ bUD;wosVj eÍ vkx ¥xus ls 5 uotkr f'k'kqvkÍ d`h e~R;q%ifV;k¥k eÍ ,d` vLirk¥ eÍ xr 31 tuojh d`ks uotkr f'k'kq okMZ eÍ bUD;wosVj eÍ vkx ¥x tkus ls d`e-ls-d`e 5 uotkr fææqvkÍ d`h t¥d`j e~R;q gks xbZ\ bu cPpkÍ d`ks tUe ds` ckn gksus ok¥s ihf¥;k jksx ds` mipkj ds` f¥, bUD;wosVj eÍ j[k x;k ƒk\ ,V¥kafVd` egklkxj eÍ fczfV'k o œz`kalhlh ijek.q iuMqfCc;kÍ d`h VDd`j%

ijek.q foLœ`ksVd`kÍ ls ¥nh gqbZ FkÓ rFkk dq`¥ fe¥kd`j 250 ukSlSfud` bu ij lokj Fks\ VDd`j ds` œ`¥LoÔi d`ksbZ ijek.q nq?ZVuk ;»fi ugÓ gqbZ rFkk u gh d`ksbZ tugkfu blls gqbZ rFkkfi nksukÍ iuMqfCc;k∑ xEHhj Ôi ls {kfrxzLr gqbZ gß\ nq?ZVuk d`k f'kd`kj gqbZ iuMqfCc;kÍ eÍ ,p,e,l oßxkMZ (HMS Vanguard) fczfV'k ukSlsuk d`h V_k;ksœÍ`V D¥kl d`h pkj ijek.q iuMqfCc;kÍ eÍ ls ,d` gS] tcfd` nwljh œz`kal d`h ¥h V_k;ksœÍ`V (Le Triomphant) gS\ nksukÍ gh iuMqfCc;k∑ ¥xHx 150-150 ehVj ¥Ech o 13-13 ehVj O;kl d`h crkbZ xbZ gß\ ,ElVMZe gokbZ vMΩMs ij mrjrs le; foeku ds` rhu Vqd`ÈMs gq,%uhnj¥S≥MΩl d`h jkt|kuh ,ElVMZe ds` f'kœ`ks¥ (Schiphol) gokbZ vMΩMs ij xr 25 œ`jojh d`ks rqd`hZ d`k ,d` ;k(h foeku mrjrs le; juos ds` fud`V rhu Vqd`ÈMkÍ eÍ c∑V x;k\ bl nq?ZVuk eÍ ukS ¥ksxkÍ d`h e~R;q gks xbZ]

ds` vrkrqdZ` (Ataturk) gokbZ vMΩMs ls ,ElVMZe ds` f¥, mÈMku ij Fkk\

,;jks bf≥M;k-2009%mMΩM;u ”s( d`h Hkjr d`h ^frfÆBr ‘,;jks bf≥M;k’ ^næZuh cax¥kSj eÍ xr 11-15 œ`jojh d`ks lEiUu gqbZ\ bld`k mnΩ?kVu j{kk ea(h ,\ ds`\ ,aVuh us fd`;k\ bl ^næZuh d`k vk;kstu ^fr nks o"Z eÍ ,d` ckj gksrk gS\ 25 nsækÍ d`h foekuu ,oa mMΩM;u ”s( d`h fofHUu d`Eifu;kÍ us bleÍ Hkx f¥;k\ phu us ig¥h ckj bl ^næZuh eÍ bl ckj Hkx f¥;k\ vkxkeh vkBoÍ ‘,;jks bafM;k2011 ’ d`k vk;kstu cax¥kSj eÍ gh 9–13 œ`jojh] 2011 d`ks gksxk\ I¥k¯LVfM;k-2009%I¥kfLVd` m»ksx d`h lkroÓ vUrjkZÆV_h; ^næZuh lg-lEes¥u I¥k¯LVfM;k- 2009 d`k vk;kstu ubZ fnY¥h eÍ ^xfr eSnku eÍ xr 4–9 œ`jojh d`ks gqvk\ rqlkn laxzgk¥; eÍ lfpu rÍnq¥d`j d`k iqr¥k%¥anu fLFkr eSMe rqlkn laxzgk¥; eÍ fdz`ds`V LVkj lfpu rÍnq¥d`j d`k ekse d`k iqr¥k v^S¥ 2009 eÍ LFkkfir fd`;k tk,xk\ fd`lh Hkjrh; f[¥kÈMh d`h ;g bl laxzgk¥; eÍ ig¥k iqr¥k gksxk\ blls iwoZ ftu vU; Hkjrh;kÍ ds` iqr¥s ogk∑ LFkkfir gß] mueÍ iwoZ ^|kuea(h bafnjk xka|h] nq?ZVuk d`k f'kd`kj gqbZ œz`kalhlh iuMqCch jktho xka|h] ih\ oh\ ujflagjko ds` vfrfjDr ¥h V_k;ksœÍ`V fczVsu o œz`kal d`h nks ijek.q iuMqfCc;k∑ tcfd` 50 ls vf|d` ?k;¥ gq,\ VfdZ`'k flus LVkj 'kkg:[ [ku] vferkH cPpu] xr 4 œ`jojh d`ks ,V¥kafVd` egklkxj eÍ ,;j¥kbal ds` bl cksbax-737 foeku ij ,s'o;kZ jk; o l¥eku [ku 'kkfe¥ gß\ ●●● vkil eÍ Vd`jk xbÛ\ nksukÍ iuMqfCc;k∑ 135 ;k(h lokj Fks\ ;g foeku bLrkacq¥

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1559

2009-10 ds` ctV eÍ vusd` ¥ksd`

¥qHkou ;kstukvkÍ d`h ?ks".k fo®h; o"Z 2009-10 ds` f¥, m®j ^nsæ ljd`kj ds` ctV eÍ vkus ok¥s pqukokÍ ds` ifj^s{; eÍ vusd` ¥ksd` ¥qHkou ;kst ukvkÍ d`h ?ks " .k tgk∑ d`h xbZ gS] ogÓ fd`lh u, d`j d`k ^Lrko bleÍ ugÓ gS\ u gh ig¥s ds` fd`lh d`j d`h nj eÍ o~f* bleÍ d`h xbZ gS\ 133596·98 d`jksÈM :i, d`k ;g ctV jkT; ds` fo® ea(h ¥k¥th oekZ us xr 13 œ`jojh d`ks fo|ku lHk eÍ is'k fd`;k\ fo|ku ifj"nΩ eÍ bls lnu ds` usrk Lokeh ^lkn ekS;Z us ^Lrqr fd`;k\ blds` lkƒ gh 200809 ds` nwljh vuqiwjd` ek∑xÍ Hh ^Lrqr d`h xbÛ\ jkT; ljd`kj ‘loZtu fgrk;] loZtu lq[k;’ d`h uhfr ds` ifj^s{; fu|Zu ,oa d`etksj oxksÛ ds` f¥, lkekftd` lqj”k ij c¥ 2009-10 ds` ctV e Í fn;k x;k gS rƒk ^nsæ eÍ fd`lkukÍ d`h vk; rhu o"ksÛ eÍ nksxquk d`jus d`h ckr bleÍ d`gh xbZ gS\ blds` f¥, d~`f" ds` lkƒ-lkƒ vk|kfjr lajpuk d`ks ^kƒfed`rk ctV eÍ nh xbZ gS\ ctV eÍ 2009-10 ds` nkSjku jkT; ljd`kj d`k dq`¥ O;; 1,33,596·98 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur fd`;k x;k gS tks 200809 ds` vuqekfur O;; ls 19 ^frær vf|d` gS\ bleÍ jktLo [krs eÍ O;; 92866·65 d`jksÈM :i, o iw∑th [krs eÍ O;; 40730·33 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur gS\ nwljh vksj fofHUu lzksrkÍ ls ljd`kj d`ks gksus ok¥h ^kfIr;k∑ 121502·96 d`jksÈM :i, 94439·84 d`jksÈM :i, jktLo ^kfIr;k∑ o 27063·12 d`jksÈM :i, iw∑thxr ^kfIr;k∑ vuqekfur gß\ bl ^d`kj lesfd`r fuf| eÍ ?kVk 12,094·02 :i, gksxk\ ¥ksd` ¥s[k ls 12215 d`jksÈM :i, ds` lek;kstu ds` i'pkrΩ 120·98 d`jksÈM :i, d`k vkf|D; mi¥C| gksxk\ 2009-10 eÍ 1231·75 d`jksÈM :i, ds` ^kjfEHd` æs" d`ks ækfe¥ d`jrs gq, o"kZUr eÍ vkf|D; 1352·73 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur gS\ 2009-10 ds` nkSjku jktLo [krs eÍ tgk∑ 1573·19 d`jksÈM :i, d`k vkf|D; gS] ogÓ jktd`ks"h; ?kVk 23298·69 ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1560

d`jksÈM :i, vkd`f¥r fd`;k x;k gS] tks ld`¥ jkT; ?js¥w mRikn (SGDP) d`k 5·3 ^frær gS\ ctV eÍ fofHUu nqcZ¥ o fuæDr oxksÛ ds` d`Y;k. ds` f¥, lkekftd` lqj”k o vU; ;kstukvkÍ ds` f¥, 9400 d`jksÈM :i, d`k ^ko|ku fd`;k x;k gS] tcfd` o;Ld` fookg d`ks ^ksRlkgu nsus rƒk d`U;k Hzw. gR;k d`ks jksd`us ds` f¥, æqÔ d`h xbZ xjhc ckf¥d`k vkæhokZn ;kstuk ds` f¥, 900 d`jksÈM :i, d`h O;oLƒk d`h xbZ gS\ fo»qr mRiknu ”erk cÈ
f¥, LVsV Dokf¥Vh ba';ksjÍl ,tÍlh d`h Lƒkiuk] d`kuiqj eÍ u, ^kfof|d` fo'ofo»k¥; d`h Lƒkiuk] ^nsæ eÍ ik∑p u, Hkjrh; lwpuk ^kS»ksfxd`h laLƒkukÍ d`h Lƒkiuk rƒk bathfu;¯jx Nk(kÍ ds` f¥, d`kSæ¥ lao|Zu ds` f¥, opqZv¥ D¥klÔe d`h Lƒkiuk ds` ^Lrko ækfe¥ gß\ 200910 ds` nkSjku 2200 ubZ clÍ [jhnus] o"Z ds ` nkS j ku ^Lrkfor fud`k; pq u ko b¥sDV_kWfud` oks¯Vx eæhu ls d`jkus o blds` f¥, |u d`h O;oLƒk d`jus rƒk ckank eÍ d~`f" fo'ofo»k¥; [ks¥s tkus d`h Hh ?ks".k d`h xbZ gS\ ekU;oj Jh d`kaæhjke th ægjh xjhc vkokl ;kstuk ds` rgrΩ bl o"Z ,d` ¥k[ ,d` gtkj vkoklkÍ d`k fuekZ. fd`;k tk,xk\ 2009-10 eÍ nks ¥k[ æqÆd` ækSpk¥;kÍ d`ks t¥ ^okfgr ækSpk¥;kÍ eÍ ifjofrZr d`jus d`k ¥{; r; fd`;k x;k gS\ jkT; eÍ ,d` i~FkdΩ` ;wukuh funs'kk¥; ds` xBu d`k Hh ^Lrko ctV eÍ gS\ loZ fæ”k vfH;ku ds` rgr vx¥s fo®h; o"Z eÍ jkT; eÍ rhu gtkj ^kƒfed` vkSj 710 mPp ^kƒfed` Ldw`¥ [ks¥s tk,axs rƒk 14 gtkj Ldw`¥kÍ d`h pgkjnhokjh o 42 gtkj Ldw`¥kÍ d`k fo»qrhd`j. fd`;k tk,xk\ 33 gtkj ¥?q m»ksxkÍ d`h Lƒkiuk d`k ¥{; j[k x;k gS ftleÍ ,d` ¥k[ ls T;knk ¥ksxkÍ d`ks jkstxkj ds` volj fe¥Íxs\ 30 gtkj ls T;knk cqud`jkÍ d`ks Hh jkstxkj mi¥C| d`jkus d`k ¥{; j[k x;k gS\

mnwZ vd`kneh d`k xBu m®j ^ns'k ljd`kj us jkT; eÍ mnwZ vd`kneh d`k xBu xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ fd`;k gS\ eq“;ea(h d`h v÷;{krk eÍ xfBr bl vd`kneh d`k mik÷;{k Jherh rjUuqe vd`h¥ d`ks cuk;k x;k gS\

eq“;ea(h d`h U;k; ;k(k e÷; ^nsæ ds` lkƒ ds`Unz ljd`kj }kjk fd`, tk jgs d`fƒr HsnHko iw.Z O;ogkj d`ks mtkxj d`jus ds ` f¥, ^nsæ d`ks Hktik ljd`kj ds` eq“;ea(h fæojkt ¯lg pkSgku us viuh ‘U;k; ;k(k’ xr 22 œ`jojh d`ks lkj.h ls ikƒk[sÈMk rd lEiUu d`h\ ued` lR;kxz g d`h rtZ ij d`ks ; ¥k lR;kxzg ds` uke ij d`h xbZ bl ;k(k ds` rgrΩ 21 œ`jojh d`ks Hksik¥ ls mud`h xkfÈM;kÍ d`k d`kfœ`¥k lkj.h] tgk∑ 1140 esxkoV ”erk d`k lriqÈMk rki fct¥h?j

i(d`kfjrk ds` ”s( eÍ e÷; ^nsæ æklu ds` iqjLd`kj Lo\ jktsUnz ekƒqj Le~fr i(d`kfjrk œS`¥ksfæi%fgUnh eÍ LoLƒ vkSj xEHhj i(d`kfjrk d`ks ^ksRlkfgr d`jus ds` mˆs'; ls e÷; ^nsæ ljd`kj us jktsUnz ekƒqj Le~fr i(d`kfjrk œS`¥ksfæi d`h Lƒkiuk d`h gS\ ^fro"Z nh tkus ok¥h bl œS`¥ksfæi eÍ ,d` ¥k[ :i, ekuns; jkfæ nh tkrh gS\ œS`¥ksfæi ¥ksd`fgr ls tqÈMs xEHhj fo";kÍ ij æks| vkSj vuqla|ku ds` f¥, nh tkrh gS\ ;g iqjLd`kj mu i(d`kjkÍ d`ks fn;k tkrk gS] ftud`k ^nsæ ds` fuekZ. vkSj fod`kl xfrfof|;kÍ eÍ mY¥s[uh; ;ksxnku gks\ bl iqjLd`kj ds` f¥, i(d`kj d`h mez U;wure 50 o"Z ls vf|d` ,oa d`e-ls-d`e 20 o"Z i(d`kfjrk d`k vuqHo gksuk pkfg,\ blds` f¥, viuk æks| fo"; lEcfU|r i(d`kj d`ks ^Lrqr d`juk gksrk gS\ Lohd~`r fo"; ij æks| ds` f¥, gh ;g œS`¥ksfæi ^nku d`h tkrh gS\ Lo\ ujsUnz frokjh lekpkj-i( eqnz. ,oa lkt lTtk iqjLd`kj%e÷; ^nsæ ls ^d`kfær gksus ok¥s lekpkj-i(kÍ d`ks Lrjh; eqnz. vkSj lkt-lTtk ds` f¥, lEekfur d`jus ds` mˆs'; ls bl iqjLd`kj d`h Lƒkiuk e÷; ^nsæ ljd`kj }kjk d`h xbZ gS\ eqnz. VsDuk¥kWth ds` ekin≥MkÍ rƒk lkSUn;Z ækL(h; vkSj lkekftd` eg®k d`ks ÷;ku eÍ j[d`j iqjLd`kjLoÔi 51,000 :i, ·bD;kou gtkj :i,‚ d`h jkfæ vkSj lEeku ifVΩVd`k bl iqjLd`kj ds` rgrΩ ^nku d`h tkrh gS\ Lo\ x.sæ æad`j fo»kƒhZ Le~fr jkÆV_h; i(d`kfjrk iqjLd`kj%,d` ¥k[ :i, d`k ;g iqjLd`kj jkÆV_h; Lrj ij i(d`kfjrk ds` ”s( eÍ mRd~`ÆV ;ksxnku ds` f¥, fn;k tkrk gS\ bl iqjLd`kj ds` f¥, i(d`kj d`h mez U;wure 50 o"Z ls vf|d` ,oa d`e-ls-d`e 20 o"Z i(d`kfjrk d`k vuqHo gksuk pkfg,\ Lo\ fo»k fuokl feJ Le~fr fod`kl i(d`kfjrk iqjLd`kj%,d` ¥k[ :i, d`k ;g iqjLd`kj ^nsæ ds` i(d`kjkÍ d`h fod`kl vkSj fuekZ. d`h xfrfof|;kÍ eÍ egRoiw.Z Hwfed`k ds` f¥,``gS\ Lo\ egsUnz pkS|jh Le~fr œ`ksVks i(d`kfjrk iqjLd`kj%ipkl gtkj :i, d`k ;g iqjLd`kj ^nsæ eÍ œ`ksVks i(d`kfjrk ds` ^ksRlkgu ds` f¥, ^“;kr Nk;k fp(d`kj Lo\ egsUnz pkS|jh ds` uke ij Lƒkfir fd`;k x;k gS\ ;g iqjLd`kj ^fro"Z ,d` p;fur Nk;k fp(d`kj d`ks fn;k tkrk gS Nk;k fp(d`kj d`k fd`lh lapkj laLƒku ls tqÈMs gksuk vko';d` gksxk\ Nk;k fp(d`kj d`h mez U;wure 35 vkSj œ`ksVks-i(d`kfjrk eÍ d`e-ls-d`e 5 o"Z d`k vuqHo vko';d` gS\ Lo\ lR;ukjk;. JhokLro jkT;Lrjh; i(d`kfjrk iqjLd`kj%;g iqjLd`kj] mRd~`ÆV] jktuhfrd` fjiksfVÛx ds` f¥, e÷; ^nsæ ds` i(d`kjkÍ ds` f¥, gS\ blds` rgrΩ iqjLd`kj jkfæ 51 gtkj :i, gS\ iqjLd`kj ds` f¥, i(d`kj d`h vk;q U;wure 50 o"Z vkSj i(d`kfjrk d`k vuqHo U;wure 25 o"Z gksuk pkfg,\ bleÍ jktuhfrd` fjiksfVÛx/MsLd` ij U;wure nl o"Z d`k vuqHo gksuk pkfg,\

vkapf¥d` i(d`kfjrk iqjLd`kj ·lkr‚ 21–21

gtkj :i, ds` ;g iqjLd`kj ^nsæ ds` egkuxjkÍ ls ijs jgd`j] d`ke d`jus ok¥s i(d`kjkÍ d`ks ^ksRlkfgr d`jus d`h n~fÆV ls ^nsæ ds` ^R;sd` vap¥ ls ,d`-,d` i(d`kj ds` f¥, gS\ ;s i(d`kfjrk d`h n~fÆV ls ds`fUnzr lkr vap¥ bUnkSj] Hksik¥] tc¥iqj] Xokf¥;j] jhoka] mTtSu vkSj lkxj d`ks ÷;ku eÍ j[d`j cuk, x, gß\ ^nsæ ds` ofjÆB i(d`kjkÍ ds` uke ls Lƒkfir bu iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ fuEuf¥f[r iqjLd`kj ækfe¥ gß% (i) Lo\ æjn tksæh iqjLd`kj%Hksik¥ vap¥ ds` f¥, ueZnkiqje lfgr (ii) Lo\ jkgq¥ ckjiqrs iqjLd`kj%bankSj vap¥ ds` f¥, (iii) Lo\ cukjlhnkl prqosZnh iqjLd`kj%jhoka vap¥ ds` f¥, ægMks¥ lfgr (iv) Lo\ jru¥k¥ tksæh iqjLd`kj%Xokf¥;j vap¥ ds` f¥, eqjSuk lfgr (v) Lo\ thou¥k¥ oekZ fonzksgh iqjLd`kj%tc¥iqj vap¥ ds` f¥, (vi) Lo\ ekLVj cYnso ^lkn iqjLd`kj%lkxj vap¥ ds` f¥, (vii) Lo\ d`UgS;k¥k¥ oS» iqjLd`kj%mTtSu vap¥ ds` f¥,

jgh gS\ bld`k fæ¥kU;kl ds`Unzh; ekuo lalk|u fod`kl ea(h vtqZu ¯lg us xr 17 œ`jojh d`ks fd`;k\ vkbZvkbZVh bankSj d`k ,ds`Mfed` l( 2009-10 ls ^kjEH gks jgk gS\ jkT; d`h vkfƒZd` jkt|kuh bankSj eÍ bl laLƒku ds` Lƒk;h ifjlj d`k fuekZ. gksus rd` bls vLƒk;h ifjlj eÍ lapkf¥r fd`;k tk,xk\

jktLƒku eÍ ^oklh Jfed`kÍ d`ks ifjp;-i( jktLƒku eÍ ^oklh Jfed`kÍ d`ks ifjp;i( tkjh fd`, tk jgs gß\ ;g tkud`kjh nsrs gq, jkT; ds` Je ea(h Haoj¥k¥ es?ok¥ us xr 20 œ`jojh d`ks ubZ fnY¥h eÍ 42 oÍ Hkjrh; Je lEes¥u eÍ crk;k fd` nf”.h jktLƒku ds` vkfnoklh cgq¥ ”s( eÍ ifjp;-i( nsus d`k d`ke ^k;ksfxd` rkSj ij æqÔ fd`;k x;k ƒk rƒk œ`jojh 2009 rd` ¥xHx 20 gtkj ^oklh Jfed`kÍ d`ks ifjp;-i( fn, tk pqds` ƒs\ mUgkÍus crk;k fd` bl rjg d`h ig¥ d`jus ok¥k jktLƒku nsæ d`k ig¥k jkT; gS\ 2009-10 ds` f¥, jktLƒku d`h

okf"Zd` ;kstuk fo®h; o"Z 2009-10 ds ` f¥, jktLƒku d`h okf"Zd` ;kstuk d`ks ;kstuk vk;ks x ds ` mik÷;” ekÍ V s d ` ¯lg vkg¥wokf¥;k ds` lkƒ eq“;ea(h væksd` xg¥ksr d`h xr 18 œ`jojh d`ks ubZ fnY¥h eÍ lEiUu cSBd` eÍ vfUre Ôi fn;k x;k\ ;g ;kstuk 17,322 d`jksÈM :i, d`h fu|kZfjr d`h xbZ gS\ bleÍ jkT; d`h foæs" ifj;kstukvkÍ ds` f¥, 110 d`jksÈM :i, d`h vfrfjDr ds`Unzh; lgk;rk ækfe¥ gS\

j.ƒEHkSj eÍ ,d` vkSj ck? lfjLd`k œ`jojh d`ks lkj.h ls f¥, [k»kUu vkoaVu bfUnjk vkokl ds` ¥k;k x;k

gS] igq∑pk\ 22 ikƒk[sÈMk fLƒr d`ks;¥k [nku rd` d`h 7 fd`eh d`h ;k(k mUgkÍus vius d`kfœ`¥s ds ` lkƒ iSn¥ lEiUu d`h\ d`ks;¥k lR;kxzg ds` rgrΩ eq“;ea(h us ;g lUnsæ turk d`ks nsus d`k ^;kl fd`;k fd` ds`Unz d`h d`kaxzslh ·;wih,‚ ljd`kj ,d` vksj tgk∑ e÷; ^nsæ d`h d`ks;¥k [nkukÍ d`k d`ks;¥k vU; jkT;kÍ d`ks ns jgh gS] ogÓ ^nsæ ds` rki fct¥h?jkÍ d`ks mud`h tÔjr ds` vuqÔi Hh d`ks;¥k ugÓ fn;k tk jgk gS\ `chih,¥ ifjokjkÍ ds` ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1561

rgrΩ d`ks"kÍ ds` vkoaVu rƒk lw[k ^Hkfor ”s(kÍ ds` f¥, lgk;rk jkfæ vkoaVu eÍ Hh HsnHko ds` vkjksi viuh bl U;k; ;k(k eÍ eq“;ea(h us ¥xk,\ bl lUnHZ eÍ fnY¥h eÍ 2 ekpZ] 2009 d`ks ‘d`ks¥ ekpZ’ d`h ?ks".k eq“;ea(h us d`h gS\

jktLƒku ds` v¥oj ft¥s eÍ fLƒr lfjLd`k Vkbxj fjtoZ eÍ ,d` vkSj ck? d`k LƒkukUrj. xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ 143 fd`xzk d`h bl eknk ck? d`ks gs¥hd`kWIVj }kjk j.ƒEHkSj jkÆV_h; m»ku ls xr 25 œ`jojh d`ks LƒkukUrfjr fd`;k x;k gS\ LƒkukUrj. ls iwoZ ckf?u d`ks vkbZvkbZVh bankSj d`k fæ¥kU;kl csgksæ d`j fiatÈMs eÍ cUn fd`;k x;k ƒk\ e÷; ^nsæ eÍ Hkjrh; ^kS»ksfxd`h bl ckf?u ds` LƒkukUrj. ls lfjLd`k laLƒku (IIT) d`h Lƒkiuk bankSj eÍ d`h tk Vkbxj fjtoZ eÍ ck?kÍ d`h dq`¥ la“;k rhu

gks xbZ gS\ twu–tq¥kbZ 2008 eÍ ,d` uj o ctV Hk". eÍ eq“;ea(h us crk;k fd` ,d` eknk ck? d`ks j.ƒEHkSj ls gh 2008-09 ds` nkSjku jktLo [krs eÍ lfjLd`k ¥k;k x;k ƒk\ bl fjtoZ ds` lkjs 1183·14 d`jksÈM :i, d`k vkf÷kD; jgus ck? 2004-05 eÍ lekIr gks x, ƒs\ d`k vuqeku fiN¥s o"Z ctV eÍ ¥xk;k x;k ƒk] fd`Urq d`eZpkfj;kÍ ds` f¥, NBs 2009-10 ds ` f¥, vUrfje ctV osru vk;ksx d`h flœ`kfjæÍ ¥kxw d`jus ls ^Lrqr # pkj ekg ds` ¥s[kuqnku d`ks iÈMus ok¥s vfrfjDr Hkj ds` p¥rs ;g fo÷kku lHk d`h eatwjh jktLo vkf÷kD; laæksf÷kr vuqekukÍ eÍ 283·02 d`jksÈM :i, ds` ?kVs eÍ cn¥ x;k pkj ekg ·v^S¥–tq¥kbZ 2009 ‚ ds` gS \ vius lkr feuV ds` ctV Hk". eÍ [pZ gsrq 17478·47 d`jksÈM :i, d`k eq “ ;ea ( h xg¥ks r us crk;k fd` ¥ksd` lHk ¥s[kuqnku eatwj d`jkus ds` f¥, jktLƒku pq u ko fud`V gks us ds` d`kj. iwjs ctV d`ks ljd`kj d`k 2009-10 d`k vUrfje ctV 31 ekpZ rd` ikfjr d`jkuk lEHo ugÓ gS\ eq“;ea(h væksd` xg¥ksr us] tks fo® blf¥, pkj ekg gsrq ¥s[kuqnku gh mUgkÍus ea(k¥; ds` ^Hkjh Hh gß] fo÷kku lHk eÍ ^Lrqr fd`;k gS\ ¥s[kuqnku d`h ijEijk xr 26 œ`jojh d`ks ^Lrqr fd`;k\ fu;fer fuoZgu d`jrs gq, d`ksbZ ubZ ?ks".k,a ctV ¥ksd` lHkbZ pqukokÍ ds` mijkUr tq¥kbZ eq“;ea(h us bleÍ ugÓ d`h gß\ 2009 ls iwoZ gh ljd`kj }kjk ¥k;k tk,xk\ vUrfje ctV eÍ 2009-10 ds` nkSjku dq`æ¥ flag jktLƒku d`h ig¥h jkT; ljd`kj d`h dq`¥ ^kfIr;k∑ 48428·16 efg¥k eq“; lfpo Hkjrh; ^æklfud` lsok d`h ofjÆB d`jksÈM :i, ,oa O;; 48400·68 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur gß\ bl ^d`kj ctV vf÷kd`kjh dq`æ¥ flag jktLƒku d`h eq“; vf÷kæs" 27·48 d`jksÈM :i, gksxk\ dq`¥ lfpo xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ cukbZ xbZ gß\ og ^kfIr;kÍ eÍ jktLo ^kfIr;k∑ 37995·63 d`jksÈM jkT; d`h ig¥h efg¥k eq“; lfpo gß\ :i, vuqekfur gß] tcfd` jktLo [krs eÍ lfpok¥; eÍ muls ofjÆB nks vkbZ,,l O;; 38908·83 d`jksÈM :i, ^Lrkfor gS] vf÷kd`kfj;kÍ d`h rSukrh vc lfpok¥; ls ftlls jktLo ?kVk 913·20 d`jksÈM :i, ckgj d`j nh xbZ gS\ bueÍ Hktik æklu eÍ rSukr gq, eq“; lfpo Mh\ lh\ lkear ækfe¥ gß] ftUgÍ vc fo»qrΩ fu;ked` vk;ksx d`k v÷;” cuk;k x;k gS\

xg¥ksr eaf(ifj"nΩ d`k foLrkj

jgsxk\ 2009-10 eÍ jktd`ks"h; ?kVk 7355·54 d`jksÈM :i, vUrfje ctV eÍ vuqekfur fd`;k x;k gS\ 2009-10 ds` f¥, okf"Zd` ;kstuk 17300 d`jksÈM :i, d`h fu÷kkZfjr d`h xbZ gS\ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1562

^nku d`jus d`h ?ks".k jkT; ljd`kj us xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ d`h gS\

Hkx¥iqj eÍ d~`f" fo'ofo»k¥; d`h Lƒkiuk d`h ?ks".k fcgkj eÍ Hkx¥iqj eÍ ,d` d~`f" fo'ofo»k¥; d`h Lƒkiuk jkT; ljd`kj }kjk d`h tk,xh\ bl vkæ; d`h ?ks".k eq“;ea(h uhrhæ dq`ekj us xr 17 œ`jojh d`ks Hkx¥iqj eÍ ,d` lHk d`ks lEcksf|r d`jrs gq, d`h\

fd`lkukÍ ds` f¥, bZ-Hou cukus d`h ;kstuk mPpLrjh; lwpuk ^kS»ksfxd`h rd` fd`lkukÍ d`h igq∑p lqfuf'pr d`jkus ds` f¥, jkT; ds` lHh C¥kWd`kÍ eÍ ‘bZ-Hou’ Lƒkfir d`jus d`h fcgkj ljd`kj d`h ;kstuk gS\ bl vkæ; d`k œS`l¥k jkT; eaf(e≥M¥ d`h xr 17 œ`jojh d`h cSBd` eÍ fd`;k x;k\ ^R;sd` bZ-Hou eÍ b≥VjusV d`usDæu ds` lkƒ-lkƒ e~nk ijh”. ^;ksxæk¥k rƒk d~`f" ^kS»ksfxd`h lEcU|h uohure tkud`kfj;k∑ Hh mi¥C| d`jkbZ tk,axh\

2009-10 d`h okf"Zd` ;kstuk ;kstuk vk;ksx us fo®h; o"Z 2009-10 ds` f¥, fcgkj d`h 16,000 d`jksÈM :i, d`h okf"Zd` ;kstuk d`ks Lohd~`fr xr 23 œ`jojh d`ks ^nku d`h\ ;g 2008-09 d`h okf"Zd` ;kstuk ls ¥xHx 2,500 d`jksÈM :i, T;knk gS\ fcgkj ds` eq“;ea(h uhrh'k dq`ekj ds` vuqlkj blls jkT; ds` ;kstuk vkd`kj eÍ 18·5 ^fr'kr d`h o~f* gqbZ gS\ 16,000 d`jksÈM :i, d`h bl ;kstuk eÍ ^ns'k d`h ^kFkfed`rk ok¥h ;kstukvkÍ ds` f¥, 110 d`jksÈM :i, d`h vfrfjDr ds`Unzh; lgk;rk 'kkfe¥ gS\

eq“;ea(h væksd` xg¥ksr us nks ekg iqjkuh eaf(ifj"nΩ d`k foLrkj xr 28 œ`jojh d`ks fd`;k\ 10 u, ea(h mUgkÍus viuh ljd`kj eÍ bl foLrkj ds` rgrΩ ækfe¥ fd`, gß\ bueÍ 2 d`ks ds`fcusV ea(h o 8 vU; d`ks jkT; ea(h cuk;k x;k gS\ blls jkT; eaf(ifj"nΩ eÍ eaf(;kÍ d`h dq`¥ la“;k vc 24 ·eq“;ea(h lfgr‚ gks xbZ gS\ KkrO; gS fd` 13 fnlEcj] 2008 d`ks væksd` xg¥ksr us vds`¥s gh eq“;ea(h in jkT; ljd`kj d`k ctV 2009-10 d`h æiƒ ¥h ƒh\ ckn eÍ 19 fnlEcj d`ks fo®h; o"Z 2009-10 ds` f¥, fcgkj ig¥s foLrkj ds` rgrΩ 13 eaf(;kÍ d`ks æiƒ ljd`kj d`k ctV jkT; eÍ fo® ea(k¥; d`k fn¥kbZ xbZ ƒh\ ^Hkj l∑Hk¥ jgs mieq“;ea(h lqæh¥ dq`ekj eksnh us fo÷kku lHk eÍ xr 25 œ`jojh d`ks ^Lrqr fd`;k\ ¥ksd` lHk pqukokÍ ds` fud`V gksus ds` d`kj. nf¥rkÍ ,oa fiNÈMkÍ] vYi– ;d`kÍ] efg¥kvkÍ] fd`lkukÍ ,oa O;olkf;;kÍ eqtŒœ`jiqj o Hkx¥iqj eÍ œw`M ikdZ` lads`“fgrkÍ d`k foæs" ÷;ku ctV eÍ j[k x;k Lƒkfir d`jus d`h ;kstuk gS\ pqukokÍ ds` d`kj. gh fo® ea(h us ctV] fcgkj eÍ [k» ^laLd`j. bd`kb;kÍ ds` ;»fi iwjs o"Z ds` f¥, ^Lrqr fd`;k gS] fod`kl ds` f¥, eqtŒœ`jiqj o Hkx¥iqj eÍ rƒkfi vuqnku ek∑x pkj ekg ds` f¥, gh œw`M ikdZ` Lƒkfir d`jus d`h jkT; ljd`kj d`h xbZ gS\ 47446·34 d`jksÈM :i, ds` bl d`h ;kstuk gS\ blds` f¥, œw`M ikdZ` ctV eÍ d`ksbZ u;k d`j ugÓ ¥xk;k x;k gS fuekZrkvkÍ d`ks 15 d`jksÈM :i, d`k vuqnku rƒk u gh fd`lh d`j d`h nj eÍ o~f* bleÍ

:`i;k vkrk gS

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:`i;k tkrk gS

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Code No. 924 Eng.-Hindi Edition Rs. 30/-

Our fresh publication ‘The Art of Sentence Arrangement’ comes in as a dependable succour to candidates who miss success in English section of the syllabus because of insufficient understanding of the language. The book suggests several tricks and techniques to overcome that drawback. A careful reading of the book will help them a lot in this part of the English question paper.

d`h xbZ gS\ m¥Vs] d`bZ d`j jkgrÍ turk d`ks bleÍ ^nku d`h xbZ gß\ buds` rgrΩ pko¥] xsgw∑ ij ¥kxw 4 ^frær ,aV_h VSDl d`ks lekIr fd`;k x;k gS\ e[kuk ij ‘oSV’] tks 12·5 ^frær ƒk] mls ?Vkd`j 4 ^frær fd`;k x;k gS\ dq`ƒhZ] jktek] eVj ij Hh bls ?Vkd`j 4 ^frær fd`;k x;k gS\ tks O;olk;h lk¥kuk ,d` gtkj :i, VSDl nsrs gß] mUgÍ d`EI;wVj ls VSDl nsus d`h lqfo÷kk ^nku d`j nh xbZ gS\ ckn eÍ ,d` gtkj :i, ls d`e VSDl nsus ok¥s O;olkf;;kÍ d`ks Hh ;g lqfo÷kk mi¥C÷k d`jkus d`h ?ks".k fo® ea(h us d`h gS\ mUgkÍus d`gk fd` egknf¥rkÍ ds` fgr ds` f¥, 18 ^frær jkfæ [pZ d`h tk,xh\ 12 foHkxkÍ eÍ efg¥kvkÍ vkSj cPpkÍ ds` f¥, foæs" ;kstuk gS\ efg¥kvkÍ d`h ;kstukvkÍ ij ,d` gtkj ukS d`jksÈM :i, [pZ gkÍxs\ ctV eÍ fo®h; o"Z 2009-10 ds` nkSjku jkT; ljd`kj d`k dq`¥ O;; 47446·34 d`jks È M :i, d`k rƒk dq ` ¥ ^kfIr;k∑ 47440·67 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur gß\ blls lesfd`r fuf÷k eÍ ?kVk ·vk; ^kfIr;kÍ ,oa O;; d`k vUrj‚ 5·67 d`jksÈM :i, d`k jgsxk\ ¥ksd` ¥s[k fuf÷k d`h ^kfIr;k∑ bleÍ ækfe¥ ugÓ gß\ ctV eÍ 2009-10 ds` nkSjku jkT; ljd`kj d`h 47440·67 d`jksÈM :i, d`h ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1563 / 4

vuqekfur ^kfIr;kÍ eÍ jktLo ^kfIr;k∑ (Revenue Receipts) 41837·44 d`jksÈM :i, d`h vuqekfur gß\ bleÍ 7336·15 d`jksÈM :i, jkT; ds` vius Lo;a ds` d`jkÍ ls] 23690·22 d`jksÈM :i, ds`Unzh; d`jkÍ eÍ ls jkT; ds` fgLls ds` Ôi eÍ] 540·96 d`jksÈM :i, jkT; ds` xSj–d`j jktLo lzksrkÍ ls rƒk 10270·11 d`jksÈM :i, ds`Unzh; vuqnkukÍ ls ^kIr gksus d`k vuqeku ¥xk;k x;k gS\ 5603·23 d`jks È M :i, d`h vuq e kfur iw∑thxr ^kfIr;kÍ eÍ 28·83 d`jksÈM :i, )`.kÍ d`h olw¥h ls o 5574·40 d`jksÈM :i, m÷kkfj;kÍ ls vuqekfur gß\ m÷kj O;; i” eÍ] 2009-10 eÍ vk;kstuk O;; 19426·84 d`jksÈM :i, o vk;kstuk fHUu O;; 28019·50 d`jksÈM :i, jgus d`k vuqeku ¥xk;k x;k gS] tks 2008-09 eÍ ∂`eæ# 20361·56 d`jksÈM :i, o 25146·65 d`jksÈM :i, ·laæksf÷kr vuqeku‚ ƒs\ 2009-10 eÍ 47446·34 d`jksÈM :i, ds` dq`¥ vuqekfur O;; eÍ jktLo O;; 35715·04 d`jksÈM :i, rƒk iw∑thxr O;; 11731·31 d`jks È M :i, ^Lrkfor gS \ 41837·44 d`jksÈM :i, d`h jktLo ^kfIr;kÍ ds` p¥rs jktLo [krs eÍ 6122·40 d`jksÈM :i, d`k vkf÷kD; 2009-10 ds` nkSjku mi¥C÷k gksxk\ jktd`ks"h; ?kVk (Fiscal Deficit) 2009-10 eÍ 3695·95 d`jksÈM :i, ·jkT; ds` th,lMhih d`k 2 · 8 6 ^frær‚ jgus d`k vuqeku gS\ 2008-09 eÍ

Upkar Prakashan, AGRA–2

UPKAR’S

By : Dr. Lal & Jain Code No. 1512 Price : 155/Main Features ❖ General Knowledge ❖ Physics/Electronics ❖ Mathematics HINDI EDITION Code 1206 Rs. 160/Upkar Prakashan, AGRA-2 ● E-mail : [email protected] ● Website : www.upkar.in

jktd`ks"h; ?kVk th,lMhih d`k 2·89 ^frær jgus d`k vuqeku fiN¥s o"Z ctV eÍ ¥xk;k x;k ƒk] tks laæksf÷kr vkd`¥u eÍ 6·51 ^frær vuqekfur fd`;k x;k gS\ fofHUu enkÍ ds` f¥, tks vkoaVu 2009-10 ds` f¥, ctV eÍ ^Lrkfor fd`, x, gß] mueÍ lÈMd` fuekZ. foHkx ds` f¥, ¥xHx 2,565 d`jksÈM :i,] t¥ lalk÷ku foHkx ds` f¥, d`jhc 1938 d`jksÈM :i,] ekuo lalk÷ku foHkx ds` f¥, 1474 d`jksÈM :i,] xzkeh. d`k;Z foHkx ds` f¥, 1384 d`jksÈM :i,] lkekftd` d`Y;k. foHkx ds` f¥, 1263 d`jksÈM :i,] xzkeh. fod`kl ds` f¥, 1185 d`jksÈM :i,] ægjh foHkx ds` f¥, 1162 d`jksÈM :i,] ˜tkZ foHkx ds` f¥, 922 d`jksÈM :i,] ;kstuk o fod`kl ds` f¥, 768 d`jksÈM :i,] Î`f" o lEcfU÷kr ”s( ds` f¥, 603 d`jksÈM :i, o vU; foHkxkÍ ds` f¥, 2731 d`jksÈM :i, ækfe¥ gß\ ctV Hk". eÍ jkT; eÍ ^xfr d`k mY¥s[ d`jrs gq, mieq“;ea(h eksnh us d`gk fd` fcgkj vc chekÔ (BIMARU) jkT; ugÓ jgsxk\

^fr O;fDr vk; ds` eke¥s eÍ jkT;kÍ eÍ gfj;k.k d`k xksok ds` ckn nwljk Lƒku nsæ eÍ ^fr O;fDr vk; ds` eke¥s eÍ jkT;kÍ eÍ gfj;k.k d`k xksok ds` ckn nwljk Lƒku gS\ gfj;k.k ds ` jkT;ik¥ ,\ vkj\ fd`nobZ us xr 6 œ`jojh d`ks jkT; fo|ku lHk eÍ vius lEcks|u eÍ ;g tkud`kjh nsrs gq, crk;k fd` 2007-08 eÍ jkT; eÍ ^fr O;fDr vk; 58531 :i, ·pk¥w ewY;kÍ ij‚ ƒh] tks ,d` o"Z iwoZ 2006-07 eÍ 50488 :i, ƒh\ mUgkÍus crk;k fd` 2007-08 eÍ jkT; d`k ld`¥ jkT; ?js¥w mRikn (Gross State Domestic Product GSDP) pk¥w ewY;kÍ ij 1,53,087 d`jksÈM :i, ƒk] tks iwoZ o"Z 2006-07 eÍ 1,30,033 d`jksÈM :i, ƒk\ bl ^d`kj pk¥w ewY;kÍ ij jkT; ?js¥w mRikn eÍ 17·7 ^frær d`h o~f* 2007-08 eÍ gqbZ ƒh\ 2009-10 ds` ctV eÍ vusd` jkgrÍ fo®h; o"Z 2009-10 ds` f¥, gfj;k.k ljd`kj d`k ctV jkT; ds` fo®ea(h fcjÍnj ¯lg us xr 13 œ`jojh d`ks fo|ku lHk eÍ ^Lrqr fd`;k\ dq`¥ 34962·70 d`jksÈM :i, ds` ^Lrkfor O;; ok¥s bl ctV eÍ eanh ls fuiVus ds` f¥, 1500 d`jksÈM :i, ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1564

d`k ,d` ^ksRlkgu iSds`t (Stimulus Package) ækfe¥ fd`;k x;k gS\ bl jkfæ d`k O;; vx¥s nks o"ksÛ eÍ LokLF;] lhojst] t¥kiwfrZ o vU; lkekftd` ”s(kÍ eÍ fd`;k tk,xk\ bl iSds`t d`h 625 d`jksÈM :i, 2009-10 eÍ [pZ fd`, tkus d`h ckr fo® ea(h us vius ctV Hk". eÍ d`gh gS\ blds` f¥, ^ko|ku u, ctV eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ 2009-10 d`h okf"Z d ` ;kstuk d`k ifjO;; 10 gtkj d`jksÈM :i, fu|kZfjr fd`;k x;k gS\ ds`Unz ^k;ksftr o vU; fod`kl ifj;kstukvkÍ ds` f¥, 1195·62 d`jksÈM :i, v¥x ls r; fd`, x, gß\ 2009-10 ds` ctV eÍ jkT; ljd`kj d`h jktLo ^kfIr;k∑ 22437 d`jksÈM :i, o jktLo O;; 25821·06 d`jks È M :i, vuqekfur gS ftlls jktLo ?kVk 3384·06 d`jksÈM :i, jgsxk\ jktd`ks"h; ?kVk 8557 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur fd`;k x;k gS\ 1 tuojh] 2006 ls NBs osru vk;ksx d`h flœ`kfjækÍ d`ks ¥kxw fd`, tkus d`ks jkt– d`ks"h; ?kVs eÍ Hkjh o~f* ds` f¥, m®jnk;h fo® ea(h us crk;k gS\ ctV eÍ fd`lh u, d`j d`k ^Lrko ugÓ gS] u gh fd`lh d`j d`h nj d`ks cÈ
vius ctV Hk". eÍ fo®ea(h fcjÍnj ¯lg us crk;k fd` 2008-09 ds` nkSjku jkT; ds` ld`¥ jkT; ?js¥w mRikn (GSDP) eÍ pk¥w ewY;kÍ ij 17 ^frær ls vf|d` o~f* lEHkfor gS rƒk bleÍ ^kƒfed`] f}rh;d` o r~rh;d` ”s(kÍ d`k ;ksxnku ∂`eæ# 19·3, 29·8 o 50·9 ^frær jgus d`k vuqeku gS\ 1966-67 eÍ bu ”s(kÍ d`k th,lMhih eÍ ;ksxnku ∂`eæ# 56·6 ^frær] 20·5 ^frær o 22·9 ^frær ƒk\

jkaph eÍ esxk œw`M ikdZ` d`h vk|kjf'k¥k ds`Unzh; [k» ^laLd`j. m»ksx ea(k¥; d`h esxk œw`M ikdZ` ;kstuk ds` rgrΩ ftu esxk œw`M ikd`ksÛ d`h LFkkiuk d`h tkuh gS] mueÍ ls ,d` >kj[≥M eÍ jkaph eÍ LFkkfir fd`;k tkuk gS\ jkaph eÍ xsr¥lqn eÍ bld`h vk|kjf'k¥k jkT;ik¥ lS;n flCrs jth us xr 23 œ`jojh d`ks j[h\

2009–10 ds` f¥, jkT; ljd`kj

d`k ctV fo®h; o"Z 2009–10 ds` f¥, N®hlxÈ< ljd`kj d`k ctV eq“;ea(h MkW\ jeu ¯lg us xr 9 œ`jojh d`ks fo|ku lHk eÍ ^Lrqr fd`;k\ ctV eÍ u rks d`ksbZ u;k d`j ¥xk;k x;k gS rƒk u gh ig¥s ds` fd`lh d`j d`h nj eÍ o~f* d`h xbZ gS\ 22211 d`jksÈM :i, ds` dq`¥ ^Lrkfor O;; ds` bl ctV eÍ 2008–09 d`h rq¥uk eÍ 2009–10 eÍ jkT; ljd`kj ds` d`j jktLo eÍ 11 ^frær o xSj d`j jktLo (Non Tax Revenue) eÍ 36 ^frær o~f* d`k vuqeku ¥xk;k x;k gS\ ^kfIr;kÍ ,oa ^Lrkfor O;;kÍ ds` ifj^s{; eÍ 2009–10 eÍ æq* ctV ?kVk 287 d`jksÈM :i, vuqekfur gS fd`Urq iwoZ o"Z ds` cd`k;k ?kVs ds lek;kstu ds` i'pkrΩ 2009-10 ds` vUr eÍ dq`¥ ?kVk 1185 d`jksÈM :i, jgus d`k vuqeku gS\ ld`¥ jktd`ks"h; ?kVk (Fiscal Dificit) 2564 d`jksÈM :i, ·jkT; ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn d`k 3 ^fr'kr‚ vuqekfur fd`;k x;k gS tks

jktd`ks"h; nkf;Ro ,oa ctV ^cU|u vf|fu;e (Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act) ds` rgr fu|kZfjr lhek eÍ gS\ eanh ds` pgqarjœ`k ekgkS¥ eÍ N®hlxÈ< ljd`kj ds` bl ctV eÍ m»ksx O;kikj txr d`ks foæs" fj;k;rÍ nh xbZ gß\ 10 ¥k[ :i, ls d`e lk¥kuk VuZ vksoj ok¥h NksVh bd`kb;kÍ d`ks O;olk; d`j (Professional Tax) ls tgk∑ eqDr fd`;k x;k gS] ogÓ bu bd`kb;kÍ d`ks ewY; of*Zr d`j (VAT) d`k fjVuZ gj ekg ds` Lƒku ij vc gj frekgh nkf[¥ d`jus d`h NwV nh xbZ gS\ ck;ks bÛ|u d`ks iwjh rjg oSV ls eqDr d`jrs gq, ¥SfeusVsM LVh¥ ds` œS`fczds`VsM mRiknkÍ ij ;g d`j 1 2 · 5 ^frær ls ?Vkd`j 4 ^frær fd`;k x;k gS\ lEif® d`h [jhn ij ¥xus ok¥s LVkEi æqYd` d`ks Hh 0·5 ^frær ?Vk d`j 6·5 ^frær fd`;k x;k gS\ 2009-10 ds` nkSjku jkT; ljd`kj ds` ;kstuk O;; eÍ 13 ^frær o~f* d`jrs gq, ;kstuk ifjO;; (Plan outlay) 12172 d`jksÈM :i, ctV eÍ fu|kZfjr fd`;k x;k gS tks dq`¥ ctV ifjO;; d`k 55 ^frær gS\ NBs osru vk;ksx d`h flœ`kfjækÍ ds` d`k;kZUo;u ds` œ`¥LoÔi 1000 d`jksÈM :i, ds` vfrfjDr fo®h; Hkj ds` ckotwn xSj ;kstuk ifjO;; (Non-Plan outlay)

d`ks dq`¥ ctV ifjO;; ds` 45 ^frær rd` lhfer j[k x;k gS\ ;kstuk O;; d`k 33 ^frær V_kbc¥ lc I¥ku gsrq o 12 ^frær vuqlwfpr tkfr;kÍ ds` f¥, lc I¥ku gsrq fu|kZfjr fd`;k x;k gS\ uDl¥h ¯glk ij fu;U(. ds` f¥, iqf¥l ds` f¥, vkoaVu eÍ 22 ^frær d`h o~f* d`h xbZ gS\ lkekftd` ”s( ds` ifjO;; eÍ 19 ^frær d`h o~f* d`jrs gq, 2009-10 ds` f¥, ;g 9991 d`jksÈM :i, fu|kZfjr fd`;k x;k gS\ pquko iwoZ ds` ok;nkÍ d`ks iwjk d`jus ds` f¥, fu|ZukÍ ds` d`Y;k. d`h ;kstukvkÍ ds` f¥, foæs" vkoaVu jkT; ljd`kj ds` ctV eÍ fd`, x, gß\ eq“;ea(h [k» lgk;rk d`k;Z∂`e (Chief Minister’s Food Assistance Programme) d`h iqulÛjpuk d`jrs gq, 7 ¥k[ vaR;ksn; ifjokjkÍ ds` f¥, ,d` :i;k ^fr fd`xzk ewY; ij rƒk fu|Zurk js[k ls uhps (BPL) ds` 30 ¥k[ vU; ifjokjkÍ d`ks 2 :i, ^fr fd`xzk ewY; ij pko¥ rƒk eqŒr eÍ vk;ksMkbTM ued` mi¥C| d`jkus ds` f¥, 1485 d`jksÈM :i, d`k fo®h; Hkj jkT; ljd`kj ogu d`jsxh\ efg¥kvkÍ d`ks ,¥ihth d`usDæu mi¥C| d`jkus ds` f¥, 100 :i, ^fr d`usDæu d`h lfClMh jkT; ljd`kj }kjk nh tk,xh\ fd`lkukÍ d`ks ds`o¥ 3 ^frær d`h ekew¥h C;kt ij vYid`kf¥d` lk[ mi¥C|

6449 fjfDr;k∑

·xr o"ksÛ ds` ^'u-i(%g¥ lfgr‚ ¥s[d`}; # MkW\ ¥k¥ ,oa tSu d`ksM ua\ 622 ewY; # 120/-

^eq[ vkd`"Z. ● ● ● ●

☎

fnY¥h # ,d` n~fÆV eÍ lkekU; Kku/d`jsUV vœs`;lZ xf.rh; ;ksX;rk ekufld` ;ksX;rk

mid`kj ^d`kæu

vkxjk 2530966, fnY¥h 23251844, 23251866, 23367085, 65789198, 23286623, p≥MhxÈ< 2541150, pj[h nknjh (01250) 220120

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1565

d`jkus ds` f¥, 46 d`jksÈM :i, d`k Hkj jkT; æklu }kjk ogu fd`;k tk,xk\ 5 gkWlZikWoj rd` ds` fo»qr iEikÍ ds` f¥, fd`lkukÍ d`ks fu#æqYd` fo»qr mi¥C| d`jkus ds` f¥, 100 d`jksÈM :i, d`h lfClMh d`k ^ko|ku ctV eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\

mÙkjk[k.M gfj}kj eÍ esxk œw`M ikdZ` d`k fæ¥kU;kl ds`Unzh; [k» ^laLd`j. m»ksx ea(k¥; d`h esxk œw`M ikdZ` ;kstuk ds` rgrΩ m®jk– [≥M eÍ esxk œw`M ikdZ` d`h Lƒkiuk gfj}kj eÍ d`h tkuh gS\ gfj}kj ds` inkƒks xzke eÍ bld`k fæ¥kU;kl ds`Unzh; [k» ^laLd`j. m»ksx jkT; ea(h ·LorU( ^Hkj‚ lqcks÷k– d`kUr lgk; us xr 25 œ`jojh d`ks fd`;k\ bl esxk œw`M ikdZ` d`h Lƒkiuk ;ksxkpk;Z Lokeh jkenso ds` iratf¥ ;ksxihB ds` lg;ksx ls d`h tk jgh gS\ ●●●

psUubZ eSjkƒu—vkehZ LiksVZlΩ baLVhVΩ;wV iq.s ds` fæonku flag xr 15 tuojh d`ks lkroÓ psUubZ nkSÈM eÍ fotsrk jgs\ 42·195 fd`eh d`h ;g nkSÈM fæonku flag us 2 ?≥Vs 24 feuV 14 lsd`≥M eÍ iwjh d`h\

cSMfeUVu lhfu;j jkÆV_h; vUrjkZT;h; pSfEi;ufæi%œ`jojh 2009 eÍ bankSj eÍ lEiUu lhfu;j jkÆV_h; cSMfeaVu pSfEi;ufæi eÍ iq:" o efg¥k nksukÍ gh oxksÛ ds` f[rkc isV_ksf¥;e LiksVΩlZ izeksæu cksMZ (PSPB) us thrs\ iq:" oxZ ds` bczkfge jgerqY¥k d`i ds` f¥, js¥os d`ks rƒk efg¥k oxZ ds` xq¥kcjk; pMΩ
fotsrk mifotsrk vjfoan HVΩ ih\ d`';i (PSPB)

l;k¥h xks[¥s ·,;j bafM;k‚ Ôisæ dq`ekj (PSPB) o luos ƒkWel ·ds`j¥‚ efg¥k Tok¥k xq±k o ;qx¥ Jqfr dq`fj;u

(PSPB)

ih\ lh\ rq¥lh ·ds`j¥‚ ds`\ r:u ·vkU|z iznsæ‚ o v:. foÆ.q ·d`ukZVd`‚

|U;k uk;j o vuhrk vksg¥ku (PSPB) ·js¥os‚ fefJr oh\ fntw o v:. foÆ.q ;qx¥ Tok¥k xq±k ·d`ukZVd`‚ o (PSPB) vi.kZ ck¥u (PSPB)

cslcky lhfu;j jkÆV_h; pSfEi;ufæi%d`Vd` eÍ xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ lEiUu 23oÓ lhfu;j ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1566

jkÆV_h; cs l ck¥ izfr;ksfxrk eÍ iq:" o efg¥k oxksÛ ds` f[rkc dz`eæ# xksok o fnY¥h us thrs\ nksukÍ gh oxksÛ eÍ estcku mÈMhlk d`h VheÍ mifotsrk jgÓ\

n¥hi V_kWœ`h%vUr{ksZ(h; fdz`ds`V d`h chlhlhvkbZ d`h n¥hi V_kWœ`h bl o"Z if'pe {ks( us thrh gS\ 5–9 œ`jojh] 2009 d`ks psUubZ eÍ vius vfUre eqd`kc¥s eÍ nf{k. {ks( d`ks 274 jukÍ ds` foæk¥ vUrj ls gjkd`j if'peh {ks( us rhu o"Z ds` vUrjk¥ ds` i'pkrΩ ;g V_kWœ`h thrus eÍ lœ`¥rk izkIr d`h\ fjd`kWMZ 17oÓ ckj if'peh {ks( us ;g VwukZesUV thrk gS\ Hkjr-Jh¥ad`k Δk~a[¥k ·vkbZMhchvkbZ œ`ksfVZl oSYƒ';ksjÍl d`i‚%tuojh-œ`jojh 2009 eÍ Jh¥ad`k ds` nkSjs ij egsUnz flag |ksuh ds` usr~Ro ok¥h Hkjrh; fdz`ds`V Vhe us ik∑p ,d`fnolh; eSpkÍ d`h Δk~a[¥k estcku Vhe ds` fo:* [s¥h\ bl Δk~a[¥k ds` ig¥s pkjkÍ eSp Hkjr us o ik∑pok∑ vfUre eSp Jh¥ad`k us thrk\ blls ;g Δk~a[¥k 4–1 ls Hkjr us thrh\ Hkjr ds` ;qojkt flag d`ks bl oSYƒ';ksjÍl d`i Δk~a[¥k eÍ eSu vkWœ` n lhfjt ?ksf"r fd`;k x;k\ |ksuh d`h d`Irkuh eÍ Hkjr d`h ;g ¥xkrkj rhljh Δk~a[¥k fot; gS\ bl Δk~a[¥k ds` ig¥s pkjkÍ eSp thrd`j Hkjrh; Vhe us ¥xkrkj ukS ,d`fnolh; eSp thrus d`k Hkjrh; fjd`kWMZ Hh cuk;k\ ;g lHh ukS eSp |ksuh d`h d`Irkuh eÍ gh Vhe us thrs gß\ Jh¥ad`k ds` bl nkSjs ij Hkjr-Jh¥ad`k ds` chp [s¥k x;k VΩoÍVh-20 eSp Hkjr us rhu fods`V ls thrk\ Hkjrh; fdz`ds`V Vhe d`k ¥xkrkj ukS ,d`fnolh; eSpkÍ eÍ fot; d`k fjd`kWMZ% tuojh-œ`jojh 2009 eÍ Jh¥ad`k ds` nkSjs ij Hkjrh; fdz`ds`V Vhe us ig¥s pkjkÍ eSp thrd`j ¥xkrkj 9 eSpkÍ eÍ fot; d`k fjd`kWMZ cuk;k\ ;g lHh 9 eSp egsUnz flag |ksuh d`h d`Irkuh eÍ Hkjrh; Vhe us thrs gß\ blls iwoZ ¥xkrkj vkB ,d`fnolh; vUrjkZÆV_h; eSp Hkjr us d`fi¥nso (1985), lkSjo xkaxq¥h (2003) rƒk jkgq¥ nzfoÈM (2006) d`h d`Irkuh eÍ thrs gß\ Hkjrh; Vhe ,d`fnolh; vUrjkZÆV_h; fdz`ds`V d`h vkbZlhlh jßfda`x eÍ nwljs Lƒku

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ij HrhZ ds` f¥, ik( mEehnokjkÍ ls vkosnui( vkWu¥kbu vkefU(r fd`, x, gß\ mi¥C| fjfDr;kÍ eÍ ls dq`N fjfDr;k∑ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` v˙;fƒZ;kÍ ds` f¥, fu;ekuqlkj vkjf{kr gß\ fjfDr;kÍ d`h la“;k ?V-cÈ< ld`rh gS\ æSf{kd` ;ksX;rk%Lukrd` vFkok d`e-ls d`e 50 izfrær vad`kÍ ds` lkƒ gk;j lsd`≥Mjh/ 10 + 2 vƒok led`{k vFkok d`e-ls-d`e 60 m®jk[≥M ljd`kj ds` LokfeRo ok¥s ^fr'kr vad`kÍ ds` lkFk eSfV_d` ;k led`{k m®jk[≥M ikoj d`kWiksZjsæu f¥\ eÍ lgk;d` ·fofHUu eke¥kÍ eÍ ^kIrkad` ^fr'kr eÍ NwV vfH;ark ·izfæ{kq‚ fo»qrΩ o ;kaf(d`h ds` 68 o mi¥C| gS‚\ lgk;d` vfH;ark ·flfo¥‚ ds` 8 rƒk voj vk;q lhek%1 tuojh] 2009 d`ks 18–28 vfH;ark ·izfæ{kq‚ fo»qrΩ o ;kaf(d`h ds` 79 o o"Z\ fofHUu eke¥kÍ eÍ vk;q lhek eÍ fu;ekuqlkj voj vfH;ark ·izfæ{kq‚ flfo¥ ds` 14 inkÍ ij NwV mi¥C| gS\ fu;qfDr gsrq lq;ksX; mEehnokjkÍ ls fu|kZfjr bl HrhZ gsrq vkosnu ds` f¥, v˙;fƒZ;kÍ izkÔi ij vkosnu-i( fuxe }kjk 26 ekpZ] d`ks 14 ekpZ] 2009 rd` vkWu¥kbu vkosnu 2009 rd` vkefU(r fd`, x, gß\ fofHUu oxksÛ d`juk gks x k\ flLVe tujsVsM vkosnu d`k f^aV ds` mEehnokjkÍ ds` f¥, fu;ekuqlkj vkj{k. d`k izko|ku bl HrhZ ds` rgrΩ mi¥C| gS\ fjfDr;kÍ vkmV Lohd`kj fd`, tkus d`h vfUre frfƒ 23 ekpZ] 2009 ·nwjnjkt ds` pquÓnk fufnZÆV d`h la“;k ?V-cÈ< ld`rh gS\ æS{kf.d` ;ksX;rk%lgk;d` vfH;ark in LFkkukÍ ds` mEehnokjkÍ ds` eke¥s eÍ 30 ekpZ] gsrq vfH;kfU(d`h d`h lEcfU|r æk[k eÍ 2009‚ gS\ HrhZ ds` f¥, ¥h tkus ok¥h ijh{kk fu|kZfjr izkIrkad`kÍ ds` lkƒ fMxzh ;k led`{k eÍ oLrqfuÆB o o.ZukRed` nksukÍ gh fd`Le ds` ;ksX;rk] tcfd` voj vfH;ark ·izfæ{kq‚ ds` inkÍ iz'u-i( gkÍxs\ oLrqfuÆB ijh{kk eÍ rdZ`æfDr] ds` eke¥s eÍ fu|kZfjr izkIrkad`kÍ ds` lkƒ vfH- la“;kRed` vfH;ksX;rk] f¥fid`h; vfH:fp] o ;kfU(d`h d`h lEcfU|r æk[k eÍ f(o"hZ; vaxzsth Hk"k d`h ijh{kk gksxh\ f¥f[r ijh{kk fMI¥ksek ;k led`{k\ ·æS{kf.d` ;ksX;rk ds` d`h lEHkfor frfƒ 24 ebZ] 2009 gS\ bl HrhZ ds` lEcU| eÍ vkosnu-i( ds` lEcU| eÍ foLr~r foKkiu ns[Í‚\ fgUnh nsoukxjh f¥fi d`k foLr~r Kku nksukÍ gh inkÍ ds` f¥, izkÔi o vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh ds` f¥, 14–20 œ`jojh] 2009 d`k jkstxkj lekpkj ns[Í\ vko';d` gS\ vk;q lhek%1 tuojh] 2009 d`ks 18–35 mi;qZDr ijh{kk ds` f¥, mid`kj izd`kæu o"Z\ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` f¥, vk;q lhek eÍ fu;ek- }kjk izd`kfær cßd` D¥dZ` ijh{kk ls lEcfU|r uqlkj NwV mi¥C| gS\ iqLrd`kÍ d`k v÷;;u ¥kHd`kjh gksxk\ bu inkÍ ij HrhZ ds` f¥, vk;ksftr d`h tkus ok¥h f¥f[r izfr;ksfxrk ijh{kk eÍ 3 ?≥Vs d`kWiksZjsæu cßd` eÍ f¥fid`h; d`h vof| ok¥s oLrqfuÆB fd`Le ds` iz'u-i( laoxZ d`h fjfDr;k∑ ds` ig¥s [≥M eÍ fo'¥s".kRed` ,oa ek(kRed` d`kSæ¥ d`h {kerk ,oa lkekU; Kku ls lEcfU|r 50 iz'u gkÍxs] tcfd` [≥M-2 eÍ vfH;kfU(d`h lkoZtfud` {ks( ds` d`kWiksZjs'ku cßd` eÍ d`h lEcfU|r æk[kvkÍ ij vk|kfjr 125 iz'u f¥fid`h; laoxZ ds` dq`¥ 425 inkÍ ij HrhZ ds` gkÍxs\ f¥, ik( mEehnokjkÍ ls vkosnu-i( vkWu¥kbu bl HrhZ ds` lEcU| eÍ vkosnu-i( ds` vkefU(r fd`, x, gß\ mi¥C| fjfDr;kÍ eÍ ls izkÔi o vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh gsrq 26 œ`jojh] dq`N fjfDr;k∑ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` v˙;fƒZ;kÍ ds` f¥, 2009 d`k VkbEl vkWœ` bf≥M;k ·fnY¥h‚ ns[Í\ fu;ekuqlkj vkjf{kr gß\ fjfDr;kÍ d`h la“;k ?Vmi;qZDr ijh{kk ds` f¥, mid`kj izd`kæu cÈ< ld`rh gS\ }kjk izd`kfær iqLrd` m®jk[≥M vflLVÍV/ æSf{kd` ;ksX;rk%Lukrd` vFkok d`e-ls twfu;j/rd`uhd`h xzsM-II vfH;Urk HrhZ ijh{kk d`e 55 izfrær vad`kÍ ds` lkƒ 10 + 2 vƒok ·fo»qrΩ/flfo¥/;kfU(d`‚ d`k v÷;;u ¥kHd`kjh led`{k ·fofHUu eke¥kÍ eÍ ^kIrkad` ^fr'kr gksxk\ eÍ NwV mi¥C| gS‚\ vk;q lhek%1 œ`jojh] 2009 d`ks 18–28 lÍV_¥ cßd` vkWœ` bafM;k eÍ o"Z\ fofHUu eke¥kÍ eÍ vk;q lhek eÍ fu;ekuqlkj f¥fid`h; laoxZ ds` 850 NwV mi¥C| gS\ fjDr in bl HrhZ gsrq vkosnu ds` f¥, v˙;fƒZ;kÍ d`ks 7 ekpZ] 2009 rd` vkWu¥kbu vkosnu d`juk lkoZtfud` {ks( ds` lÍV_¥ cßd` vkWœ` bafM;k gksxk\ flLVe tujsVsM vkosnu d`k f^aV vkmV eÍ f¥fid`h; laoxZ ds` dq`¥ 850 fjDr inkÍ Lohd`kj fd`, tkus d`h vfUre frfƒ 14

m®jk[≥M ikoj d`kWiksZjsæu eÍ fo»qrΩ/;kaf(d`h/flfo¥ æk[kvkÍ eÍ lgk;d` vfH;ark ·izfæ{kq‚ o voj vfH;Urk ·izfæ{kq‚ ds` fjDr in

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1568

ekpZ] 2009 ·nwjnjkt ds` pquÓnk fufnZÆV LFkkukÍ ds` mEehnokjkÍ ds` eke¥s eÍ 21 ekpZ] 2009‚ gS\ HrhZ ds` f¥, ¥h tkus ok¥h ijh{kk eÍ oLrqfuÆB ijh{kk eÍ rdZ`æfDr ,oa la“;kRed` vfH;ksX;rk] f¥fid`h; vfH:fp o vaxzsth Hk"k d`h ijh{kk gksxh\ ;g ijh{kk 3 ebZ] 2009 d`ks gksxh\ bl HrhZ ds` lEcU| eÍ vkosnu-i( ds` izkÔi o vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh ds` f¥, jkstxkj lekpkj rFkk cßd` d`h osclkbV ns[Í\ mi;qZDr ijh{kk ds` f¥, mid`kj izd`kæu }kjk izd`kfær cßd` D¥dZ` ijh{kk ls lEcfU|r iqLrd`kÍ d`k v÷;;u ¥kHd`kjh gksxk\

fnY¥h iqf¥l eÍ iz|ku flikgh ·LVksj D¥dZ`‚ o flikgh ·pk¥d`/?qÈMlokj/ikbi cS≥M/ fcxq¥j/czkl cS≥M‚ vkfn d`h fjfDr;k∑ fnY¥h iqf¥l eÍ iz|ku flikgh ·LVksj D¥dZ`‚ ds` 7, flikgh ·pk¥d`‚ ds` dq`¥ 675 rFkk flikgh/fcxq¥j/czkl cS≥M/ikbi cS≥M/ ?qÈMlokj vkfn ds` dq`N inkÍ ij HrhZ ds` f¥, bPNqd` ,oa ik( mEehnokjkÍ ls fu|kZfjr izkÔi ij vkosnu-i( 20 ekpZ] 2009 rd` vkeaf(r fd`, x, gß\ mi¥C| fjfDr;kÍ eÍ ls dq`N fjfDr;k∑ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` mEehnokjkÍ ds` f¥, fu;ekuqlkj vkjf”r gß\ bueÍ ls vf|d`ka'k inkÍ ds` f¥, U;wure 'kS{kf.d` ;ksX;rk eSfV_d` ;k led`{k ijh{kk m®h.Z gS\ fofHUu inkÍ ds` f¥, vU; ;ksX;rk,a v¥x ls Hh fu|kZfjr gß\ v¥xv¥x inkÍ ds` f¥, vko';d` 'kS{kf.d` ,oa vU; ;ksX;rkvkÍ ds` f¥, foLr~r foKkiu ns[Í\ bu inkÍ ds` f¥, vkosnu gsrq vkosnu-i( O;fDrxr Ôi ls jln ,oa vkiwfrZ vksYM iqf¥l ¥kbal ·rhl gtkjh d`ksVZ ds` ikl‚] jktiqj jksM] fnY¥h ls 2 ekpZ] 2009 ls 19 ekpZ] 2009 rd` izkIr fd`, tk ld`rs gß\ iw.ZÔi ls Hjs gq, vkosnu-i( blh d`k;kZ¥; eÍ Lohd`kj fd`, tkus d`h vfUre frfƒ 20 ekpZ] 2009 gS\ bu fu;qfDr;kÍ ds` lEcU| eÍ foLr~r tkud`kjh gsrq jkstxkj lekpkj ns[Í\

N®hlxÈ< eÍ ih,eVh] ch,llh ·uflÛx‚] ihbZVh] ih,Vh o izh-œ`kesZlh%2009 N®hlxÈ< eÍ ekU;rk ^kIr laLFkkukÍ eÍ ,echch,l] ch,llh ·uflÛx‚] ch\ Vsd` o ch\ œ`kekZ Lukrd`Lrjh; ikBΩ;dz`ekÍ eÍ ^os'k ds` f¥, ih,eVh/ch,llh ·uflÛx‚] ihbZVh] ih,Vh ,oa ^h-œ`kesZlh ijh{kk-2009 d`k vk;kstu N®hlxÈ< O;kolkf;d` ijh{kk e≥M¥ ·O;kie‚] jk;iqj }kjk pquÓnk ds`UnzkÍ ij fd`;k tk,xk\ bl ^os'k

ijh{kk eÍ 'kkfe¥ gksus ds` f¥, vkosnu-i( jkT; ds` lHh ft¥k eq“;k¥;kÍ eÍ ^|ku/eq“; Mkd`?jkÍ ls ,oa O;kie }kjk vf|d~`r egkfo»k¥;kÍ/laLFkkukÍ ls fu|kZfjr 'kqYd` pqd`kd`j 13 ekpZ] 2009 rd` ^kIr fd`, tk ld`rs gß\ Mkd` ls vkosnu-i( ^kIr d`jus ds` f¥, fu|kZfjr jkf'k d`k cßd` M_kŒV tks fu;a(d`] N®hlxÈ< O;kolkf;d` ijh{kk e≥M¥] jk;iqj d`ks ns; gks] vkosnu-i( ds` lkFk Hstuk gksxk\ ,sls vkosnu O;kie d`k;kZ¥; eÍ 28 œ`jojh] 2009 rd` ^kIr gks tkus pkfg,\ v˙;fFkZ;kÍ ds` iw.Z Ôi ls Hjs gq, vkosnu-i( O;kie d`k;kZ¥; eÍ Lohd`kj fd`, tkus d`h vfUre frfFk 17 ekpZ] 2009 gS\ bl ^os'k ijh{kk ds` lEcU| eÍ foLr~r tkud`kjh gsrq LFkkuh; lekpkj-i( ns[Í\ mi;qZDr ijh”k ds` f¥, mid`kj ^d`kæu }kjk ^d`kfær N®hlxÈ< ih\,e\Vh\ rƒk N®hlxÈ< ih\bZ\Vh\ iqLrd`kÍ d`k v÷;;u ¥kHd`kjh gksxk\ iqLrd`kÍ ds` vaxzsth laLd`j. Hh mi¥C| gß\

twfu;j V_kal¥sVlZ (CSOLS) ijh{kk%2009

ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` v|hu fofHUu d`k;kZ¥;kÍ eÍ twfu;j V_kal¥sVjkÍ ds` inkÍ ij fu;qfDr gsrq vf[¥ Hkjrh; Lrj ij bl izfr;ksfxrk ijh{kk d`k vk;kstu d`eZpkjh p;u vk;ksx }kjk 24 ebZ] 2009 d`ks fd`;k tk,xk\ bl ijh{kk ds` ek÷;e ls Hjh tkus ok¥h fjfDr;kÍ d`h la“;k vHh vf|lwfpr ugÓ d`h xbZ gS\ HrhZ ds` rgrΩ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` v˙;fƒZ;kÍ d`ks fu;ekuqlkj vkj{k. mi¥C| gS\ æSf{kd` ;ksX;rk%vaxzsth/fgUnh eÍ Lukrd`ks®j mikf|] fd`Urq Lukrd` Lrj ij ,sls v˙;fƒZ;kÍ }kjk fgUnh/vaxzsth fo"; f¥;k gqvk gks vƒok fgUnh/vaxzsth ds` vfrfjDr fd`lh Hh fo"; eÍ Lukrd`ks®j mikf| izkIr gks rƒk fgUnh o vaxzsth fo";kÍ ds` lkƒ Lukrd`Lrjh; ijh{kk m®h.Z d`h gks rƒk fgUnh/vaxzsth eÍ V_kal¥sæu eÍ fMI¥ksek ;k U;wure nks o"Z d`k vuqHo ·foLr~r ch,l,u,¥ eÍ twfu;j Vs¥hd`kWe tkud`kjh gsrq vk;ksx d`k foKkiu ns[Í‚\ vk;q lhek%20 ekpZ] 2009 d`ks vf|d`re vkWfœ`llZ (JTOs) d`h HrhZ 30 o"Z\ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` f¥, vk;q lhek eÍ fu;ekuqlkj NwV mi¥C| gS\ Hkjr lapkj fuxe f¥\ (BSNL) eÍ bl HrhZ ds` f¥, vk;ksftr d`h tkus ok¥h twfu;j Vs¥hd`kWe vkWfœ`llZ (JTOs) ds` dq`¥ iz f r;ks fxrk ijh{kk eÍ 2-2 ?≥Vs ds` 200-200 fe¥kd`j 3945 inkÍ ij fu;qfDr gsrq lq;ksX; va d `kÍ ds ` nks iz'u-i( gkÍxs\ oLrqfuÆB fd`Le ds` mEehnokjkÍ ls fu|kZfjr ^kÔi ij vkosnu-i( fuxe }kjk 6 vizS¥] 2009 rd` vkeaf(r fd`, ig¥s iz'u-i( eÍ 100-100 vad`kÍ d`h lkekU; x, gß\ mi¥C| fjfDr;kÍ eÍ 3545 fjfDr;k∑ fgUnh o lkekU; vaxzsth d`h ijh{kk gksxh\ nwljk tsVhvks ·Vs¥hd`kWe‚] 200 fjfDr;k∑ tsVhvks iz'u-i( fgUnh ls vaxzsth eÍ o vaxzsth ls fgUnh ·flfo¥‚ o 200 fjfDr;k∑ tsVhvks ·b¥sfDV_d`¥‚ eÍ V_kal¥sæu rƒk fgUnh o vaxzsth eÍ fucU| d`h gß\ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` mEehnokjkÍ ds` f¥, d`k o.ZukRed` fd`Le d`k gksxk\ bl ijh{kk eÍ ækfe¥ gksus ds` bPNqd` v˙;fu;ekuqlkj vkj”. d`k ^ko|ku bl HrhZ ds` rgrΩ mi¥C| gS\ fjfDr;kÍ d`h la“;k ?V-cÈ< fƒZ;kÍ ds` iw.ZÔi ls Hjs gq, vkosnu-i( vk;ksx ds` lEcfU|r d`k;kZ¥;kÍ eÍ 20 ekpZ] 2009 ld`rh gS\ æS”f.d` ;ksX;rk%foKkiu eÍ fufnZÆV ·nwjnjkt ds` pquÓnk fufnZÆV {ks(kÍ ds` v˙;fƒZ;kÍ fo";kÍ eÍ bathfu;¯jx mikf| ;k led`”\ ·tks ds` eke¥s eÍ 30 ekpZ] 2009‚ rd` Lohd`kj fd`, v˙;ƒhZ bathfu;fjax fMxjh ds` f¥, vfUre o"Z tk,axs\ ijh{kk ds` lEcU| eÍ vkosnu-i( ds` d`h ijh{kk vHh nÍxs] og Hh vkosnu ds` ik( izkÔi o vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh ds` f¥, 21– gß\ ,sls mEehnokjkÍ d`ks 31 fnlEcj] 2009 rd` 27 œ`jojh] 2009 d`k ,EI¥kW;eÍV U;wt ns[Í\ mi;qZDr ijh{kk ds` f¥, mid`kj izd`kæu] fu|kZfjr ;ksX;rk izkIr d`juh gksxh\‚ vkxjk }kjk izd`kfær iqLrd` ‘Upkar Senior/ vk;q lhek ·vkosnu d`h vfUre frfƒ Junior Hindi Translators Examinad`ks‚%vf|d`re 30 o"Z\ ·fofHUu eke¥kÍ eÍ tion’ d`k v÷;;u d`jÍ\ vk;q lhek eÍ fu;ekuqlkj NwV mi¥C| gS\‚ bl HrhZ ds` f¥, vk;ksftr d`h tkus Lisæ¥ D¥kl js¥os vizsfUVlst ok¥h vf[¥ Hkjrh; Lrj d`h ^fr;ksfxrk ijh{kk%2009 ijh”k eÍ oLrqfuÆB iz'ukÍ ok¥s rhu ?≥Vs d`h vof| ds` ^'u-i( eÍ ig¥s nks [≥MkÍ eÍ bathfu;¯jx ds` o rhljs [≥M eÍ tuj¥ Hkjrh; js¥os eÍ esds`fud`¥ fMikVZesUV eÍ vos;juSl/,fcf¥Vh ds` iz'u gkÍxs\ ;g ijh”k Lisæ¥ D¥kl vizÍfVlkÍ d`h fu;qfDr gsrq 21 twu] 2009 d`ks lEiUu gksxh\ v˙;fƒZ;kÍ ds` p;u gsrq pquÓnk ds`UnzkÍ ij bl HrhZ ds` lEcU| eÍ vkosnu-i( ds` Lisæ¥ D¥kl js¥os vizsfUVlst ijh{kk- 2009 ^kÔi o vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh gsrq jkstxkj d`k vk;kstu la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx (UPSC) }kjk 26 tq¥kbZ] 2009 d`ks fd`;k tk,xk\ bl lekpkj ns[Í\ ijh{kk ds` vk|kj ij Hjh tkus ok¥h fjfDr;kÍ mi;qZDr ijh”k ds` f¥, mid`kj ^d`kæu d`h dq`¥ la“;k 44 gS\ bueÍ ls dq`N fjfDr;k∑ }kjk izd`kfær Gateway to …… JTO iqLrd` fofHUu oxksÛ ds` v˙;fƒZ;kÍ ds` f¥, fu;ekuqlkj d`k v÷;;u ¥kHd`kjh gksxk\ vkjf{kr gß\

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1569

æS{kf.d` ;ksX;rk%xf.r rƒk HkSfrd`ækL(/jlk;uækL( fo";kÍ ds` lkƒ izƒe ;k f}rh; Js.h eÍ baVjehfM,V vƒok led`{k ijh{kk m®h.Z\ blh fo"; la;kstu ds` lkƒ Lukrd` d`h mikf| izkIr v˙;ƒhZ Hh vkosnu ds` ik( gß ·æSf{kd` ;ksX;rk ds` vU; fod`YikÍ ds` f¥, foLr~r foKkiu ns[Í\‚ vk;q lhek%1 vxLr] 2009 d`ks 17–21 o"Z\ fofHUu eke¥kÍ eÍ vk;q lhek eÍ fu;ekuqlkj NwV mi¥C| gS\ bl ijh{kk ds` lEcU| eÍ vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh ds` f¥, 28 œ`jojh–6 ekpZ] 2009 d`k jkstxkj lekpkj ns[Í\ iw.ZÔi ls Hjs gq, vkosnu-i( vk;ksx ds` d`k;kZ¥; eÍ 30 ekpZ] 2009 rd` gh Lohd`kj fd`, tk,axs\ nwjnjkt ds` pquÓnk fufnZÆV LƒkukÍ ds` v˙;fƒZ;kÍ ds` Mkd` ls izsf"r vkosnu-i(kÍ d`ks Lohd`kj fd`, tkus d`h vfUre frfƒ 6 vizS¥] 2009 gS\ mi;qZDr ijh{kk ds` f¥, mid`kj izd`kæu }kjk izd`kfær iqLrd` Lisæ¥ D¥kl js¥os vizsfUVl ijh{kk d`k v÷;;u ¥kHd`kjh gksxk\ iqLrd` d`k vaxzsth laLd`j. Hh mi¥C| gS\

fnY¥h iqf¥l eÍ d`k∑LVsfc¥kÍ ·d`k;Zd`kjh‚ d`h HrhZ fnY¥h iqf¥l eÍ d`k∑LVsfc¥kÍ ·d`k;Zd`kjh‚ ds` dq`¥ fe¥kd`j 6449 inkÍ ij HrhZ ds` f¥, bPNqd` ,oa ik( iq:" ,oa efg¥k v˙;fƒZ;kÍ ls fu|kZfjr izkÔi ij 6 vizS¥] 2009 rd` izkƒZuki( vkefU(r fd`, x, gß\ mi¥C| fjfDr;kÍ eÍ ls 6141 fjfDr;k∑ iq:"kÍ ds` f¥, o æs" 308 efg¥kvkÍ ds` f¥, gß\ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` v˙;fƒZ;kÍ ds` f¥, fu;ekuqlkj vkj{k. bl HrhZ ds` rgrΩ mi¥C| gS\ bl HrhZ ds` rgrΩ nsæ Hj ds` v˙;ƒhZ vkosnu ds` ik( gß\ æSf{kd` ;ksX;rk%10 + 2 ·fnY¥h iqf¥l d`feZ;kÍ ,oa fnY¥h iqf¥l eÍ xqzi Mh ds` d`k;ZjrΩ vƒok lsokfuo~® vƒok fnoaxr d`eZpkfj;kÍ ds` iq(-iqf(;kÍ ds` eke¥s eÍ 11oÓ d`{kk ikl d`ks gh vkosnu d`h vuqefr\ vk;q lhek%1 tuojh] 2008 d`ks 18–21 o"Z\ ·efg¥kvkÍ ds` f¥, 18–25 o"Z‚ fofHUu eke¥kÍ eÍ vk;q lhek eÍ fu;ekuqlkj NwV mi¥C| gS\ bl HrhZ ds` f¥, vgZrk nkSÈM o ækjhfjd` ekirkS¥ d`ks iwjk d`jus ok¥s mEehnokjkÍ d`ks MsÈ< ?≥Vs d`h f¥f[r ijh{kk eÍ ækfe¥ fd`;k tk,xk\ 100 vad`kÍ d`h oLrqfuÆB iz'ukÍ ok¥h bl ijh{kk eÍ rdZ`æfDr ·35 vad`‚] lkekU; Kku/lelkef;d` eke¥s ·50 vad`‚ o la“;kRed` vfH:fp ·15 vad`‚ ds` iz'u gkÍxs\ bl ijh{kk eÍ lfEef¥r gksus ds` f¥, vkosnu-i( d`k izkÔi bu inkÍ ds` f¥, foLr~r foKkiu ls vƒok fnY¥h iqf¥l d`h osclkbV ls izkIr fd`, tk ld`rs gß\ iw.ZÔi ls Hjs gq, vkosnu-i( foKkiu eÍ fufnZÆV irs ij 6 vizS¥] 2009 rd` gh Lohd`kj fd`, tk,axs\` vkWu¥kbu

æs" i~ÆB 1578 ij

gS\ ;g ekbdz`kscksV vkWijsæu d`h lœ`¥rk d`h nj d`ks cÈ
xgjs jax ds` |weds`rqvkÍ ls i~Foh d`ks i~Foh ln~æ xzgkÍ d`h [kst ds` f¥, lw{e jkscksV }kjk fn¥ vkSj efLrÆd` [rjk U;w lkbafVLV if(d`k eÍ izd`kfær ,d` foæk¥d`k; varfj{k Vsf¥Ld`ksi d`k vkWijsæu æks| ¥s[ ds` vuqlkj gekjs lkSje≥M¥ eÍ cz©k≥M eÍ i~Foh tSls xzgkÍ d`h [kst ds` f¥, foæs" Ôi ls tsEl osc Lisl Vsf¥Ld`ksi d`ks cuk;k tk jgk gS\ cz©k≥M d`h fofHUu vkd`kæxaxkvkÍ eÍ vc rd` 335 xzgkÍ d`h [kst gks pqd`h gS] ijUrq bueÍ ls d`ksbZ Hh xzg vkd`kj rƒk [xks¥h; n~fÆV ls ekuo thou ds` f¥, vuqdw`¥ ugÓ ik;k x;k gS\

eksukæ fo'ofo»k¥; ds` oSKkfud`kÍ us ,d` ,sls lw{e mid`j. d`k fod`kl fd`;k gS] ftls thou j{kd` vkWijsæu d`jus ds` f¥, jDr eÍ batsDæu ds` ek÷;e ls Mk¥k tk lds`xk\ ekuo ds` ck¥ d`h eksVkbZ ·O;kl‚ ls Hh NksVh ;s lw{e iuMqfCc;k∑ LV_ksd` vkSj fn¥ d`h ?krd` chekfj;kÍ ds` jksfx;kÍ d`h fpfd`Rlk eÍ fpfd`Rld`kÍ d`h lgk;rk d`jÍxh\

¥xHx rhu gtkj |weds`rq pDd`j ¥xk jgs gß vkSj bueÍ ls geÍ ds`o¥ 25 gh Kkr gß\ æks| eÍ crk;k x;k gS fd` ;s |weds`rq brus xgjs jax ds` gß fd` bUgÍ ns[k ugÓ tk ld`rk gS\ ;s izd`kæ ds` ær-izfrær Hkx d`k voæks". d`j ¥srs gß vkSj vn~'; jgrs gß\ ,sls xgjs jax ok¥s |weds`rq d`h mRif® rc gksrh gS] tc ml ij fo»eku cœ`hZ¥k ikuh okfÆir gks tkrk gS vkSj |weds`rq ij d`kcZfud` ijr æs" jg tkrh gS vkSj |weds`rq d`k jax xgjk gks tkrk gS\ ;s xgjs jax ds` |weds`rq gekjs lkSje≥M¥ ds` f¥, [rjukd` gß\ æks| n¥ ds` izeq[ izksœs`lj usfi;j ·d`kfMZœ` fo'ofo»k¥;‚ ds` vuqlkj tc Hh gekjk lkSje≥M¥] vkd`kæ-xaxk ls xqtjrk gS] rks d`bZ |weds`rq gekjh vksj cÈ
MhvkjMhvks }kjk ik;¥Vjfgr ¥ÈMkdw`-ceo"Zd` foeku d`k fod`kl eSx¥ku Lisl Vsf¥Ld`ksi

,fMucxZ fo'ofo»k¥; ds` izksœs`lj Mad`u œ`kjxu d`h ubZ æks| ds` vuqlkj cz©k≥M eÍ gtkjkÍ mUur l˙;rk,a fo»eku gß\ gekjh vkd`kæxaxk eÍ d`e-ls-d`e 400 l˙;rk,a ekStwn gß\ ,f¥;al ds` brus fBd`kus gksus ds` ckotwn muls lEidZ` Lƒkfir d`juk vR;Ur d`fBu gS\ ,f¥;al vkSj i~Foh tSls xzgkÍ d`h [kst d`jus ds` f¥, vc oSKkfud`kÍ us vR;Ur æfDræk¥h ,oa foæk¥d`k; eSx¥ku uked` varfj{k Vsf¥Ld`ksi d`k fod`kl fd`;k gS\ bleÍ ¥xs lkr æfDræk¥h æhækÍ d`h lgk;rk ls vki gCc¥ Vsf¥Ld`ksi d`h rq¥uk eÍ nl xquk vf|d` LiÆV ns[ ldÍ`xs\ varfj{k eÍ fo»eku vU; nwjchukÍ d`h rq¥uk eÍ bleÍ vc rd` d`k lcls æfDræk¥h dS`ejk ¥xk;k x;k gS\ bld`h lgk;rk ls i~Foh ds` leku vkd`kj ,oa foæs"rkvkÍ ok¥s xzgkÍ d`h [kst d`h tk,xh\ izfr;ksfxrk niZZ./vizS¥/2009/1570

;g mid`j. ,d` fe¥hehVj ds` pkSƒkbZ fgLls ls Hh NksVk gS\ bls fpfd`Rld` fjeksV d`h lgk;rk ls fu;fU(r d`j ld`rs gß\ bleÍ nqfu;k ds` lcls lw{e eksVj d`k mi;ksx fd`;k x;k gS\ bl mid`j. d`ks ekbdz`kscksV d`gk x;k gS\ ;g cgqr æfDræk¥h gS vkSj jDr ds` izokg ds` foijhr Hh rSj ld`rk gS rƒk ;g æjhj ds` mu HkxkÍ rd` igq∑p ld`rk gS] tgk∑ cÈMs mid`j.kÍ d`k mi;ksx d`jus ij [rjk gks ld`rk gS] foæs"r# efLrÆd` ds` laosnuæh¥ fgLlkÍ eÍ\ bl ;a( ds` fod`kl d`jus ok¥s n¥ eÍ ,d` rfU(d`k oSKkfud` Hh gß] tks ,sls LV_ksd`jksfx;kÍ d`k b¥kt d`jrs gß] ftUgÍ rRd`k¥ vkWijsæu d`h tÔjr gksrh gS vkSj ,sls 30 izfrær eke¥s eÍ vkWijsæu foœ`¥ jgrk gS ;k ,sls vkWijsæukÍ eÍ lgh txg rd` mid`j. d`h igq∑p ugÓ gks ikrh gS\ ,slh fLƒfr eÍ lkekU;r# jksxh d`h e~R;q gks tkrh

Hkjr d`k izfrj{kk fod`kl ,oa vuq lU|ku laxBu ik;¥Vjfgr ¥ÈMkdw` foeku ds` fod`kl ij d`ke d`j jgk gS\ gYds` ,oa mUur ¥ÈMkdw` foeku ·,¥lh,‚ d`ks fod`flr

ik;¥Vjfgr ¥ÈMkdw` foeku d`k fMtkbu] ftl ij d`ke gks jgk gS

d`jus eÍ fe¥h lœ`¥rk ds` ckn MhvkjMhvks d`h ;g lcls egRokd`ka{kh ifj;kstuk gS\ fcuk ik;¥V ds` bl tsV foeku eÍ Lor# mÈMku Hjd`j æ(q ds` fBd`kus d`ks rckg d`jus d`h {kerk gksxh\ vHh rd` bl rjg d`k tsV œ`kbVj foeku lalkj ds` fd`lh nsæ ds` ikl ugÓ gS\

bld`h fMtkbfuax] ekjd` {kerk vkSj LoÔi d`k fu|kZj. gks pqd`k gS\ ,sjksukfVd`¥ fMtkbfuax ,tÍlh us bls vfUre Ôi ns fn;k gS\ bld`k otu N#-lkr Vu gksxk\ bleÍ ,d` Vu rd` ds` gfƒ;kjkÍ d`ks ¥s tkus d`h {kerk gksxh\ ;g ¥slj-xkbMsM iz{ksikL(kÍ rƒk cekÍ ls izgkj d`jsxk vkSj fjeksV lÍflax }kjk fcuk ik;¥V ds` Vsd`-vkWœ`] ¥ßfMax] æ(q ds` fBd`kukÍ d`h igpku vkSj mld`k foukæ d`jsxk\ ;g rhu lkS fd`¥ksehVj d`h nwjh rd` felkb¥kÍ vkSj cekÍ ls ge¥k d`jsxk\ vejhd`k d`h cksbax d`Eiuh Hh bl rjg ds` foeku d`k fod`kl d`j jgh gS\

æh?z gh varfj{k eÍ gksxk Hkjrh; lSU; mixzg nsæ d`h lqj{kk d`ks ftl rjg d`h pqukSfr;k∑ fe¥ jgh gß] mUgÍ ns[rs gq, Hkjr ds` f¥, lSU; mixzg vifjgk;Z gks x;k gS\ gkthihj njsZ vkSj d`kjfx¥ eÍ ?qliSfB, d`c ?ql vk,] irk gh ugÓ p¥k\ HfoÆ; eÍ vc ,slk ugÓ gksxk] D;kÍfd` vc lhekvkÍ d`h fuxjkuh varfj{k ls gksxh\ lsuk ds` rhukÍ vaxkÍ ds` f¥, iks¥j vkfcZfVax lSVs¥kbV d`ks fod`flr d`jus d`k d`ke rsth ls gks jgk gS\ bld`k mi;ksx u ds`o¥ t¥] ƒ¥ vkSj uH lhekvkÍ d`h fuxjkuh eÍ gksxk] cfYd` lapkj vkSj MsVkf¥ad` eÍ Hh gksxk\

lSU; mixzg d`k js[kfp(

ftl rjg ls nsæ ds` lkeus pqukSfr;k∑ cÈ< jgh gß] mUgÍ ns[rs gq, gkbZ fjtksY;wæu d`k mixzg vfuok;Z gks x;k gS\ bl {ks( eÍ Hkjr iwjh rjg ihNs gS] tcfd` iÈMkslh nsæ phu us d`kœ`h izxfr d`j ¥h gS\ mixzg d`k mi;ksx lsuk ds` rhukÍ vax fe¥d`j d`jÍxs\ ;g ,d` egRoiw.Z lkefjd` d`k;Zdz`e gS vkSj Hkjrh; varfj{k vuqlU|ku laxBu bl ij foæs" izd`kæ ugÓ Mk¥ jgk gS\ ;g ifj;kstuk 2010 rd` iwjh gks tk,xh vkSj rc lsuk bl lSU; mixzg d`k mi;ksx d`jus ¥xsxh\ bl mixzg d`h lgk;rk ls |jrh d`h cgqr NksVh oLrq d`k Hh varfj{k ls LiÆV izfr;ksfxrk niZZ./vizS¥/2009/1571

fp( f¥;k tk lds`xk\ bl ;ku ls tgktkÍ oSKkfud`kÍ d`ks vkæk gS fd` ;fn bZjku d`ks funsZfær fd`;k tk lds`xk] æ(q ds` lgh eÍ ekStwn bl iztkfr ds` phrkÍ ds` d`ksfæd`k Lƒku] la“;k] æL(-H≥Mkj] dq`eqd` rƒk ds` lßi¥ mUgÍ fe¥ tk,a] rks ,d` fnu os vU; rS;kjh d`h lgh tkud`kjh fe¥sxh rƒk vius iz;klkÍ eÍ vo'; lœ`¥ gkÍxs vkSj iz{ksikL(kÍ d`ks lVhd` ekj d`jus eÍ l{ke cuk;k tk lds`xk\

d`Bksjrk eÍ ghjk pkSƒs Lƒku ij ¥qÈ
¥kalMs¥kbV vkd`kj # d`kcZu d`k viÔi] fdz`LV¥h; lajpuk] "Vd`ks.h;« d`Bksjrk # ghjs ls 58 œ`hlnh T;knk« mRif® # xzsœ`kbV ;qDr mYd`kfi≥M ds` |jrh ls Vd`jkus ij dS`U;u fMcs¥ks us 1967 eÍ U;weSfDld`ks eÍ [kstk« jax # Hwjk-ih¥k\

cqVZtkbV cksjkWu ukbV_kbV d`h lajpuk ghjs tSlh gksrh gS] ijUrq ijek.q v¥x
fo¥qIr gks pqd`k phrk iqu# fn[sxk ¥xHx vk|h lnh ig¥s fo¥qIr gks pqd`k Hkjrh; phrk vkid`ks fœ`j ns[us d`ks fe¥ ld`rk gS\ bl fo¥qIr gks pqd`h iztkfr d`ks fœ`j ls rS;kj d`jus eÍ oSKkfud` fœ`j ls tqV x, gß\

phrs d`h og iztkfr tks fo¥qIr gks pqd`h

Hkjr ds` tax¥kÍ eÍ Hh ¥ksx lcls rst Hkxus ok¥s bl izk.h d`ks ns[ ldÍ`xs\ gSnjkckn fLƒr lÍVj œ`kWj lsY;q¥j vkSj ekWf¥D;w¥j ck;ks¥kWth ds` oSKkfud`kÍ d`h Vhe bl egRokd`ka{kh ifj;kstuk ij d`ke d`j jgh gS\ ;s oSKkfud` ,d` Mh,u, cßd` eÍ fofHUu iztkfr;kÍ d`k tsusfVd` eSVsfj;¥ ,d`f(r d`j jgs gß] ftls Hkjrh; phrk tSlh fo¥qIr gks pqd`h iztkfr;kÍ d`ks fœ`j ls mRiUu d`jus eÍ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ lkƒ gh bld`h enn ls fo¥qfIr ds` d`xkj ij igq∑p pqd`h iztkfr;kÍ d`h tula“;k d`ks Hh cÈ
cÈkfÈM;k∑ vkSj o"kZ-ou d`h ˜it vk'p;Ztud` Ôi ls cÈ< xbZ gS\ us æ u¥ d`ks L V¥ tks u eS u s t es U V vkWƒksfjVh ds` }kjk rS;kj fd`, fooj. ds` vuqlkj ;fn ;gh fLƒfr jgh] rks d`ks¥d`krk d`k Hwfexr t¥ Hh [kjk gks tk,xk vkSj ihus ;ksX; ugÓ jgsxk rƒk vklikl ds` xzkeh. {ks(kÍ eÍ Hh d~`f"-;ksX; Hwfe catj gksus ¥xsxh\ mi;qZDr fooj. ds` vuqlkj caxk¥ d`h [kÈMh ds` dq`N fgLlkÍ eÍ leqnz d`k Lrj okf"Zd` 3·14 fe¥hehVj cÈ< jgk gS] tcfd` æs" fo'o eÍ leqnz-r¥ ds` cÈ<us d`k vkSlr ek( 2 fe¥hehVj gS\ vc xaxk unh ds` t¥ eÍ [kjs ikuh d`h eNf¥;k∑ Hh ns[h tk ld`rh gß\ i;kZoj. foæs"KkÍ us psrkouh nh gS fd` rkieku cÈ < us ds ` lkƒ Hkjrh; miegk}hi eÍ leqnzh rwœ`kukÍ tSlh izkd~`frd` vkinkvkÍ d`h vken cÈ< tk,xh\ buls chekfj;k∑ vkSj Hq[ejh Hh cÈ<sxh\ ●●●

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯

vuqizsjd` ;qok izfrHk ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯

d`fBu ifjJe] n~È< vkRefo'okl] bZ'oj eÍ vVwV fo'okl gh esjh lœ`¥rk ds` ew¥ ea( gß\ —¯jds`æ oS';

e÷; ^nsæ ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ijh”k] 2005 eÍ fMIVh d`¥sDVj in ij p;fur ·jßd`% 8‚ e÷; ^nsæ ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx d`h ^frfÆBr ijh”k eÍ 8oÓ tSlh mPp jßd` ij fMIVh d`¥sDVj in ij p;fur gksd`j Jh ¯jds`æ oS'; us fuLlUnsg ,d` xkSjoiw.Z mi¥fC| vftZr d`h gS] ftlds` f¥, og lHh ^æalk ,oa gekjh gkfnZd` c|kbZ ds` ik( gß] ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. ds` lkƒ mud`h egRoiw.Z HÍVokrkZ ;gk∑ ew¥Ôi eÍ ^Lrqr gS\ ^\ n\%‘^fr;ksfxrk niZ.’ d`h vksj ls vkid`h ækunkj l√¥rk ds` f¥, gkfnZd` c|kbZ\ Jh oS';%th] |U;okn\ ^\ n\%ijh”kœ`¥ vkus ls iwoZ VkWilZ ds` ckjs eÍ vkids` D;k fopkj ƒs= D;k vki viuh lœ`¥rk ds` ^fr vk'oLr ƒs= Jh oS';%cgqr le; ig¥s VkWilZ d`ks ¥sd`j esjs eu eÍ d`bZ Hzkafr;k∑ ƒÓ tSls mud`h iÈs uk;c rglh¥nkj d`k in fe¥k ƒk] blf¥, esjk vkRefo'okl rks d`kœ`h cÈs l”e cuk;k\ ekrk–firk d`ks] ftUgkÍus foijhr ifjfLƒfr;kÍ eÍ eq>s bl ;ksX; cuk;k] eq> ij fo'okl fd`;k\ esjs NksVs HkbZ cztsæ d`ks ftlds` R;kx us eq>s ;gk∑ rd` igq∑pk;k\ esjs fe( Jh vf[¥sæ tSu us gesæk esjk euksc¥ cÈ
,d` ;k nks eghus eÍ bu fo";kÍ ds` fo'¥s". d`jus d`h ”erk ^kIr ugÓ d`j ld`rs\ feJk lj ds` ekxZnæZu eÍ To¥Ur lelkef;d` fo";kÍ ij ppkZ d`h] muds` }kjk f¥, x, NnΩe lk”kRd`kj eÍ lfEef¥r gqvk\ lk”kRd`kj ds` f¥, NnΩe lk”kRd`kj vkid`h x¥fr;kÍ d`ks tgk∑ ,d` vksj |hjs–|hjs nwj d`jrs gß] ogÓ vkid`k vkRefo'okl cÈ
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^fr;ksfxrk niZ. ,d` lEiw.Z if(d`k gS\ flfo¥ lsokvkÍ ds` f¥, eß bls HkxorΩ xhrk ln~'; ekurk gw∑\ blds` fu;fer vad` ijh”kfƒZ;kÍ d`ks viMsV j[rs gß\ vfrfjâ`kad` lEcfU|r fo";kÍ d`h fo'oluh; rF;kRed` tkud`kjh nsrs gß\ bZ;j cqd` rks ‘xkxj eÍ lkxj’ Hjus tSlk ^;kl gS\

fo»kƒhZ x¥r j.uhfr vkSj x¥r fo"; p;u ds` d`kj. gh bl ijh”k eÍ vlœ`¥ gksrs gß\ okLro eÍ bl ijh”k ds` f¥, ∂`ec* ,oa lrrΩ v÷;;u d`h vko';d`rk iÈMrh gS\ ^kjfEHd` ijh”k ds` f¥, ,d` ckj lEiw.Z fo"; d`k lkekU; v÷;;u fd`;k\ ^R;sd` vo|kj.kvkÍ d`ks le>k] fœ`j rF;kÍ d`ks v¥x fud`k¥d`j mud`ks ;kn fd`;k\ mud`k euu fd`;k vkSj varr# d`bZ VsLV isij g¥ fd`,\ eq“; ijh”k ds` f¥, lEiw.Z fo"; ds` xgu v÷;;u ds` i'pkrΩ ijh”ksUeq[h v÷;k;kÍ ij T;knk ÷;ku fn;k\ ^'u ds` m®j d`ks ≠s`e fd`;k] f¥[us d`h ^sfDVl d`h vkSj ekWM¥ VsLV isij g¥ fd`, vkSj vius ekxZnæZd` ds` vuqlkj le;–le; ij m®jkÍ eÍ cn¥ko fd`;k\ okLro eÍ eq“; ijh”k eÍ m®j d`k ≠s`¯ex vkSj jkb¯Vx ^sfDVl gh lcls vgeΩ rRo gS\ lk”kRd`kj ds` f¥, lrrΩ v÷;;u vko';d` gS] bld`k eßus vkjEH ls gh ÷;ku j[k\ fu;fer lekpkj-i(kÍ d`k v÷;;u vkSj mud`k euu lk”kRd`kj ds` f¥, lcls egRoiw.Z gksrk gS] D;kÍfd` vki

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x~g uxj] viuh :fp ,oa lelkef;d` fo";kÍ ij T;knk-ls-T;knk ^'u cukd`j mud`k vknæZ m®j rS;kj fd`;k vkSj NnΩe lk”kRd`kj fn,\ esjk lk”kRd`kj 7 ekpZ ] 2008 d`ks Jh ^nhi tksæhth ds` cksMZ eÍ ƒk] tks ¥xHx 20 feuV p¥k\ lHh lnL;kÍ d`k joS;k d`kœ`h lg;ksxkRed` ƒk\ eq>ls iwNs x, ^'u% (1) fo'o cßd` o vkbZ\,e\,œ`\ eÍ vUrj\ (2) rglh¥nkj ds` d`k;Z] ijsækuh ,oa g¥\ (3) Hkjr lcls cÈMk xUuk mRiknd` gS\ mlls D;k–D;k cuk ld`rs gß= (4) f∂`ds`V ds` ckjs eÍ tkud`kjh nhft,\ (5) vkids` vknæZ d`kSu gß vkSj D;kÍ= (6) vkid`k ¥{; D;k gS= blds` ckn eq>s [k¥h d`kxt ns fn;k x;k ftleÍ d`gk x;k% viuh lœ`¥rkvkÍ d`ks xzkœ` ds` ek÷;e ls fn[k,a\ bleÍ eßus xzkœ` ˜ij d`h vksj cukd`j vkxs Msæ–Msæ ¥xk fn;k ftld`k vƒZ ƒk lrrΩ vkxs d`h vksj cÈ
O;fâ`xr foæs"rk,a :`fp;k∑% f∂`ds`V [s¥uk vkSj ?weuk\ vknæZ O;fâ`% ekrk–firk\ lc¥ i”% vkRefo'okl] ekrk–firk d`k vkæhokZn] bZ'oj eÍ vVwV vkLƒk\ fucZ¥ i”% Hkoqd`rk ,oa nwljkÍ ij tYnh fo'okl d`juk\

^\ n\%flfo¥ lfoZl tSlh ijh”k d`h rS;kjh eÍ ^fr;ksxh if(d`kvkÍ ds` ;ksxnku ds` ckjs eÍ vkids` D;k fopkj gß= Jh oS';%bl ijh”k d`h rS;kjh eÍ if(d`k,a vgeΩ Hwfed`k fuHkrh gß\ le– lkef;d` ?VukvkÍ d`h tkud`kjh] fucU| vkfn ds` lkƒ–lkƒ vknæZ m®j f¥[us d`h d`¥k ,oa rF;kRed` tkud`kjh blh ds` }kjk ^kIr gksrh gS] fd`Urq ;gk∑ eß ;g Hh d`guk pkgw∑xk fd` orZeku eÍ dq`N if(d`k,a va|k|q∑| cktkj eÍ ^fr;ksfxrk ds` f¥, tYnckth eÍ vius Lrj d`ks cuk, ugÓ j[ ikrÓ vkSj d`bZ ckj fd`rkckÍ eÍ fel ¯^¯Vx vkSj x¥r m®j ds` Nius ls ijh”kƒhZ ijsæku gksrs gß\ fiN¥s o"ksÛ ds` g¥ ^'u– i(kÍ ds` lanHZ eÍ x¥r m®j Nkiuk ,d` lkekU; ?Vuk-lh cu pqd`h gS\ ^\ n\%vki mu if(d`kvkÍ] lekpkj– i(kÍ rƒk iqLrd`kÍ ds` uke crk,a ftUgÍ vkius rS;kjh eÍ iÈ
Jh oS';%^fr;ksfxrk niZ.] blds` vfrfjâ`kad` ,oa bZ;j cqd` rƒk lekpkj-i( nSfud` HkLd`j] tulÂkk vkfn us lkekU; v÷;;u eÍ eq>s enn d`h\ ^\ n\%vkids` foPkkj ls ^fr;ksxh ijh”kvkÍ ds` f¥, fd`lh ^kekf.d` if(d`k (Standard Magazine) eÍ D;k–D;k foæs"rk,a gksuh pkfg,= Jh oS';%lHh fo";kÍ ij le;–le; ij rF;kRed` ,oa fo'¥s".kRed` fo'oluh; tkud`kjh ds` lkƒ–lkƒ eq“; ijh”k ds` f¥, ekWM¥ VsLV isij vkSj mud`k g¥ ^d`kfær fd`;k tkuk pkfg,\ ^\ n\%ekud` if(d`k d`h n~fÆV ls ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. if(d`k vkid`ks dS`lh ¥xh= blds` fu;fer vad`] vfrfjâ`kad` rƒk bZ;j cqd` ds` fo"; eÍ Î`i;k v¥x fopkj ^Lrqr d`jÍ\ Jh oS';%vkbZ\,\,l\ vkSj ih\,l\lh\ d`h ijh”k ds` f¥, eß bls HkxorΩ xhrk ekurk gw∑\ bZ;j cqd` us xkxj eÍ lkxj Hjus d`k d`ke fd`;k gS vkSj blds` fu;fer vad` ^R;sd` ijh”kƒhZ d`ks viMsV j[rs gß\ ^\ n\%D;k vkius lkekU; v÷;;u ij ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. d`h vfrfjâ`kad` lhjht iÈ
^\ n\%D;k vkius ^kjfEHd` ijh”k mÂkh.Z gksus ds` ckn fuÆd`"kZRed` Ôi eÍ ;g vuqHo fd`;k fd` vki viuh j.uhfr eÍ vkew¥–pw¥ ifjorZu d`j csgn vPNk ^næZu d`j ld`rs ƒs= Jh oS';%pw∑fd` eßus vkjEH ls gh ^kjfEHd` vkSj eq“; ijh”k d`h ,d` lkƒ rS;kjh æqÔ d`h ƒh\ blf¥, eq>s viuh j.uhfr eÍ ifjorZu d`h vko';d`rk eglwl ugÓ gqbZ\ tks fo»kƒhZ ^kjfEHd` ijh”k ds` le; rd` ds`o¥ ^kjfEHd` ijh”k d`h rS;kjh d`jrs gß mud`h eq“; ijh”k eÍ lœ`¥rk lafnX| jgrh gS] D;kÍfd` ^kjfEHd` ijh”k ds` ifj.ke vkSj eq“; ijh”k d`h frfƒ ds` chp ds`o¥ nks ls rhu ekg d`k le; fe¥rk gS\ brus d`e le; eÍ eq“; ijh”k d`h fd`rkcÍ Hh bd`VΩBh ugÓ d`h tk ld`rÓ\ ^\ n\%vkid`h lcls cÈMh Hw¥ D;k ƒh= Jh oS';%fiN¥s o"Z eq“; ijh”k ds` f¥, d`gÓ u d`gÓ jkb¯Vx ^sfDVl vkSj VsLV isij d`ks g¥ d`jus eÍ esjh d`eh jg xbZ ƒh\ ^\ n\%gekjs vkxkeh ikBd`–^R;kfæ;kÍ d`ks vki D;k lansæ nsuk pkgÍxs= Jh oS';%¥ksd` lsok d`h ijh”k d`h rS;kjh d`k fu.Z; ¥suk vius vki eÍ d`fBu fu.Z; gS] D;kÍfd` lkekU;r# lekt eÍ bl fu.Z; d`ks ljkgk ugÓ tkrk\ bl nkSjku lekt ijh”k ds` ig¥s rd` vkid`h vfXu ijh”k,a ¥srk jgrk gS\ blf¥, lcls ig¥s vki vius ˜ij fo'okl j[Í] bl ijh”k ls lEcfU|r lkjh Hzkafr;kÍ d`ks nwj d`jÍ] lPph ¥xu ls lrrΩ v÷;;u d`jÍ vkSj ,d` lVhd` ekxZnæZu ds` vUrxZr vius ¥{; d`ks ^kIr d`jus ds` f¥, vkxs cÈ<Í\ T;knk fd`rkckÍ ds` v÷;;u ls cpÍ] d`e fd`Urq ^kekf.d` fd`rkckÍ d`ks ckj–ckj iÈ<Í rkfd` vkid`k fd`lh fo"; ij LiÆV fopkj cu lds` vkSj var rd` lœ`¥ v˙;fFkZ;kÍ ls ekxZnæZu ¥Í] D;kÍfd` vlœ`¥ v˙;ƒhZ vDlj bl ijh”k ds` fo"; eÍ Hzkafr;k∑ mRiUu d`jrs gß\ ,d` ckr gesæk ÷;ku j[Í fd`% ∏euqÆ; ^;Ruæh¥ ^k.h gS\ ;fn og Bku ¥s] rks ,ojsLV d`ks Hh mlds` vkxs >qd`uk iÈMsxk] D;kÍfd` mlds` nqcZ¥ æjhj eÍ efLrÆd` ,d` ,slh pht gS tks fd`lh ca|u d`ks ugÓ ekurk vkSj ijkt; d`ks d`Hh Lohd`kj ugÓ d`jrk\π

^\ n\%vkius tks le; vkSj lg;ksx fn;k mlds` f¥, |U;okn\ ge vkids` mTTo¥ HfoÆ; d`h d`keuk d`jrs gß\ Jh oS';%th] |U;okn\ ●●●

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯

vuqizsjd` ;qok izfrHk ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯

n~È< fu'p;] ¥{; ds` ^fr leiZ.] lgh fnæk eÍ fd`;k x;k d`fBu ifjJe rƒk lœ`¥rk eÍ n~È< fo'okl gh esjh lœ`¥rk ds` ew¥ rRo gß\ —|esZUnzjkt pkSgku

m®jk[≥M jkT; ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx d`h ijh”k] 2008 eÍ vflLVÍV d`fe'uj O;kikj d`j ds` f¥, p;fur ·jßd`%4‚ m®jk[≥M jkT; ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx d`h ^frfÆBr ijh”k eÍ pkSƒs tSls mPp Lƒku ij vflLVÍV d`fe'uj O;kikj d`j ds` in ij p;fur gksd`j Jh |esZUnzjkt pkSgku us fuLlUnsg ,d` xkSjoiw.Z mi¥fC| vftZr d`h gS] ftlds` f¥, og lHh ^æalk ,oa gekjh gkfnZd` c|kbZ ds` ik( gß\ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. ds` lkƒ mud`h egRoiw.Z HÍVokrkZ ;gk∑ ew¥Ôi eÍ ^Lrqr gS\ ^\ n\%‘^fr;ksfxrk niZ.’ d`h vksj ls vkid`h ækunkj l√¥rk ds` f¥, gkfnZd` c|kbZ\ Jh pkSgku%th] |U;okn\ ^\ n\%ijh”kœ`¥ vkus ls iwoZ VkWilZ ds` ckjs eÍ vkids` D;k fopkj ƒs= D;k vki viuh lœ`¥rk ds` ^fr vk'oLr ƒs= Jh pkSgku%esjh |kj.k ƒh fd` lgh fnæk eÍ lrrΩ v÷;;u] mPp euksc¥ rƒk ld`kjkRed` n~fÆVd`ks. ds` lkƒ fd`lh Hh ijh”k eÍ VkWi fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ blds` f¥, fd`lh vlk|kj. ;ksX;rk d`h tÔjr ugÓ gS\ eß viuh lœ`¥rk ds` ^fr vk'oLr ƒk] D;kÍfd` eq“; ijh”k ds` lkƒ–lkƒ esjk lk”kRd`kj Hh vPNk gqvk ƒk\ ^\ n\%vki viuh lœ`¥rk d`k Js; fd`ls nsuk pkgÍxs= Jh pkSgku%d`Hh gkj u ekuus d`h esjh ^o~f®] fujUrj ^;kljrΩ jguk] iwjs ifjokj d`k lg;ksx] fe(kÍ ,oa ifjfprkÍ d`h æqHd`keuk,a ,oa ^ksRlkgu rƒk bZ'oj ds` vkæhokZn ls eq>s ;g lœ`¥rk fe¥h\ bleÍ [ku lj] æs[ lj d`k ekxZnæZu o lg;ksx Hh lgk;d` jgk\ ^\ n\%D;k flfo¥ lfoZlst gh vkid`k ,d`ek( ¥{; ƒk vƒok lkƒ–lkƒ vU; dS`fj;j fod`YikÍ d`h Hh rS;kjh d`j jgs ƒs= Jh pkSgku%;»fi flfo¥ lfoZlst esjk ,d`ek( ¥{; ƒk fœ`j Hh bl ijh”k eÍ vfuf'prrkvkÍ d`ks ns[rs gq, v÷;;u d`k fod`Yi Hh pquk ƒk\ ^\ n\%vkius fd`rus ^;klkÍ eÍ ;g lœ`¥rk vftZr d`h gS= vkius lfoZlst ds` f¥, D;k ^kƒfed`rk,a nÓ= Jh pkSgku%m®jk[≥M jkT; lfEef¥r flfo¥ lsok eÍ esjk ;g nwljk ^;kl ƒk\ bleÍ esjh ^kƒfed`rk,a fMIVh d`¥sDVj] vflLVÍV d`fe'uj O;kikj d`j] ARTO, fo® vf|d`kjh] ”s(h; lsok;kstu vf|d`kjh vkfn ƒÓ\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1574

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^\ n\%^kjfEHd` ijh”k] eq“; ijh”k rƒk lk”kRd`kj d`h rS;kjh ds` f¥, vkid`h D;k ;kstuk (Strategy) ƒh= Jh pkSgku%^kjfEHd` ijh”k ds` f¥, rF;kÍ ds` lkƒ–lkƒ vo|kj.kRed` le> ij ÷;ku nsus ls ^kjfEHd` ijh”k eÍ eq>s d`Hh ijsækuh eglwl ugÓ gqbZ\ eq“; ijh”k

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^\ n\%vkius fucU| ds` ^'u–i( d`h rS;kjh fd`l ^d`kj d`h= bl o"Z fd`l fo"; ij vkius fucU| f¥[k= vkius ;g fo"; fd`l vk|kj ij pquk= Jh pkSgku%eßus fucU| ds` ^'u–i( ds` f¥, d`ksbZ v¥x ls rS;kjh ugÓ d`h] D;kÍfd` flfo¥ lsok eÍ lkekU; v÷;;u nks ,sfPNd` fo";kÍ ds` lkƒ i(–if(d`kvkÍ ds` v÷;;u ls ijh”kƒhZ bl fLƒfr eÍ gksrk gS fd` og fd`lh Hh lkekU; fo"; ij fucU| f¥[ ld`rk gS\ m®jk[≥M jkT; flfo¥ lsok eÍ eßus ¥ksd`rU( d`k HfoÆ;] d`EI;wVj ∂`kfUr] cÈMs ck∑|kÍ ds` ¥kH–gkfu ij rhu fucU| f¥[s\ ^\ n\%vkius lk”kRd`kj ds` f¥, dS`ls rS;kjh d`h= vkid`k lk”kRd`kj d`c ƒk rƒk vkils D;k–D;k ^'u iwNs x,= Jh pkSgku%lk”kRd`kj ds` f¥, eßus vius O;fâ`xr fooj. (Bio–Data), m®jk[≥M rƒk x~g ft¥s m®jd`kæh ds` xgu v÷;;u ij c¥ fn;k\ blds` v¥kok ^;kx IAS vd`kneh ns g jknw u }kjk lapkf¥r lk”kRd`kj D¥klkÍ ,oa NnΩe lk”kRd`kj foæs" Ôi ls mi;ksxh jgs\ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. eÍ ;qok ^frHkvkÍ ds` lk”kRd`kj iÈ<us ls Hh eq>s lgk;rk fe¥h\ esjk lk”kRd`kj 4 vxLr] 2008 d`ks ƒk ftleÍ fuEuorΩ ^'u iwNs x,%viuk ifjp; vaxzsth eÍ nhft,] m®jk[≥M d`h leL;k,a rƒk bUgÍ dS`ls nwj d`jÍxs= vius lc¥ rƒk d`etksj i” crkb,\ vejhd`k eÍ jkÆV_ifr ds` mEehnokj ,oa mud`h ikVhZ ds` uke] fr¥kÈMh d`k≥M] ≠s`Mfjd` foYlu rƒk jktuhfrd` foKku eÍ gkCl] ¥kWd`] Ôlks] vjLrw o I¥sVks vkfn ij ^'u iwNs\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1575

^\ n\%flfo¥ lfoZl tSlh ijh”k d`h rS;kjh eÍ ^fr;ksxh if(d`kvkÍ ds` ;ksxnku ds` ckjs eÍ vkids` D;k fopkj gß= Jh pkSgku%flfo¥ lfoZl d`h rS;kjh eÍ ^fr;ksxh if(d`k,a ijh”kfƒZ;kÍ d`h ˜tkZ cpkrs gq, mud`k ekxZnæZu d`jrh gß vkSj muds` d`k;Z d`ks vklku cuk nsrh gß\ ^\ n\%vki mu if(d`kvkÍ] lekpkj– i(kÍ rƒk iqLrd`kÍ ds` uke crk,a ftUgÍ vkius rS;kjh eÍ iÈs u flœZ` lkekU; v÷;;u eÍ] vfirq oSd`fYid` fo";kÍ Hwxks¥ o jktuhfrd` foKku eÍ Hh lg;ksx fe¥k gS\ ^\ n\%D;k ijh”kƒhZ ds` ifjokj d`h æSf”d`] vkfƒZd` vkSj tukafd`d`h; (Demographic) fLƒfr d`k ^Hko mlds` v÷;;u ij iÈMrk gS= ;fn gk∑] rks dS`ls= Jh pkSgku%ijh”kƒhZ ds` ifjokj d`h æSf”d` o vkfƒZd` fLƒfr d`k dq`N ^Hko vo'; iÈM ld`rk gS] ¥sfd`u n~È< fu'p; o ¥xu ls fd`lh Hh ifjfLFkfr eÍ lœ`¥rk ^kIr d`h tk ld`rh gS\

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⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ vuqizsjd`

;qok izfrHk ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯

lgh fnæk eÍ lgh ^;kl] d`fBu ifjJe] ¥{; ds` ^fr n~È< fu'p; esjh lœ`¥rk ds` ew¥ rRo gß\ —iou dq`ekj

flfo¥ lsok ijh”k] 2007 eÍ 122oÍ Lƒku ij p;fur la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx d`h ^frfÆBr ijh”k eÍ p;fur gksd`j Jh iou dq`ekj us fuLlUnsg ,d` vR;Ur xkSjoiw.Z mi¥fC| vftZr d`h gS] ftlds` f¥, og lHh ^æalk ,oa gekjh gkfnZd` c|kbZ ds` ik( gß\ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. ds` lkƒ mud`h egRoiw.Z HÍVokrkZ ;gk∑ ew¥Ôi eÍ ^Lrqr gS\ lsokvkÍ d`h vksj ns[Í] rks ?Vrh lhVkÍ d`h iz\ n\%vkid`h ækunkj lœ`¥rk ij la“;k ^frLi*kZ d`ks cÈs ^kIr gks ij p;fur gks x;k ƒk\ o"Z 1999 rƒk ch\,l-lh\%St. J o h n ’ s C o l l e g e , ld`h\ bu lcds` lkƒ-lkƒ eß viuh iRuh 2000 eÍ] eß blh ijh”k ds` ek÷;e ls iqf¥l Agra, IInd Div. vatw ·ih\lh\,l\‚ d`k Hh vkHkjh g∑w mik|h”d` rƒk ,l\ Mh\ ,e\ ds` in ij ,¥-,¥\ch\%Agra College, Agra, ftUgkÍus ^R;sd` ”. esjk gkSl¥k cuk, j[k\ p;fur gqvk\ ,l\ Mh\ ,e\ ds` in d`h Ist Div. iwoZ p;u%1998 eÍ d`ks"kf|d`kjh ds` in ^\ n\%flfo¥ lsok-ds`o¥ ,d` gh O;LrrkvkÍ ds` d`kj. foxr ik∑p o"ksÛ ds` nkS j ku vkbZ \ ,\,l\ ijh”k ds ` ^fr xEHhj ij\ ¥{; ;k fd`lh vkSj dS`fj;j fod`Yi ds` ugÓ gks ld`k\ o"Z 2007 eÍ iRuh o vuqt 1999 eÍ iqf¥l mik|h”d` ds` in ij\ f¥, lkƒ-lkƒ rS;kjh d`j jgs ƒs\ ';ked`kar us eq>s vkbZ\,\,l\ ijh”k ds` ^fr 2000 eÍ ,l\Mh\,e\ ds` in ij\ Jh iou%eßus flfo¥ lsok ds` vfr- ^;kl d`jus ds` f¥, ncko Mk¥k\ eßus Hh fjDr fd`lh vU; fod`Yi ds` fo"; eÍ d`Hh muds` lq>ko ij xEHhjrkiwoZd` fopkj fd`;k\ ^\ n\%le; ^cU|u%pkgs og rS;kjh lkspk gh ugÓ\ ihlh,l ijh”k eÍ rhu ¥xk- ijh”k eÍ ækfe¥ gksus ds` f¥, eßus ,l\Mh\,e\ gks ;k fœ`j ijh”k eÍ m®j f¥[rs le; rkj lœ`¥rkvkÍ ds` ckotwn esjk ÷;ku ds` in d`ks NksÈM fn;k rƒk ,d` vis”kÎ`r ^cU|u egRoiw.Z d`kjd` gS\ D;k vkius vkbZ\,\,l\ d`h rjœ` gh ƒk\ d`e egRoiw.Z foHkx eÍ LƒkukUrj. d`jk;k bl nkSjku le; d`ks ¥sd`j d`ksbZ d`fBukbZ ^\ n\%vkid`h lœ`¥rk d`k ew¥ea( rƒk xEHhjrk ls rS;kjh d`h\ ^sj.k rƒk eglwl d`h`= ;fn gk∑] rks dS`ls vkius D;k gS = ^;kl d`k ;g laxe gh esjh lœ`¥rk d`k bld`k lkeuk fd`;k = Jh iou%le; ^cU|u bl ijh”k d`h Jh iou%lgh fnæk eÍ lgh ^;kl d`kjd` cus\ lsokvkÍ ds` lUnHZ eÍ esjh (Right Approach in Right Direction) ^kƒfed`rk IAS, IPS, IFS rd` gh ƒh\ lokZf|d` egRoiw.Z vko';d`rk gS\ rS;kjh ^\ n\%futh ”s( eÍ vkt lsokvkÍ ds` ds` nkSjku d`e le; eÍ foLr~r ikBΩ;∂`e d`ÈMh esgur] ¥{; ds` ^fr n~È< ^frK gksuk ¥qHkous volj mi¥C| gß vkSj flfo¥ d`ks iÈ
d`juk rƒk rnksijkUr ijh”k ds` nkSjku fu|kZfjr vof| ds` vUnj mUgÍ f¥[uk ‘le; ^cU|u’ gh gS\ le; ^cU|u ds` f¥, ijh”k ls iwoZ ekWM¥ isij g¥ d`juk vR;Ur mi;qDr rjhd`k gS\

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^\ n\%vkids` ,sfPNd` fo"; D;k ƒs ,oa blds` pquko d`k D;k vk|kj ƒk = Jh iou%esjs ,sfPNd` fo"; bfrgkl o ¥ksd` ^æklu jgs\ bfrgkl esjs f¥, fcYdq`¥ u;k fo"; ƒk\ blls iwoZ eß fof| (Law) d`ks ,sfPNd` fo"; j[rk ƒk] fd`Urq v÷;;u eÍ ,d` ¥Eck vUrjk¥ gksus ds` d`kj. eßus bfrgkl d`ks ,sfPNd` fo"; cuk;k\ ikBΩ;-lkexzh d`h mi¥C|rk rƒk jkspd` fo"; gksus ds` d`kj. eßus bfrgkl d`ks pquk\ ^æklfud` lsokvkÍ eÍ gksus ds` d`kj. ¥ksd` ^æklu esjh LokHkfod` ilUn ƒh\ ^\ n\%vkius ^kjfEHd`] eq“; ijh”k ,oa lk”kRd`kj ds` f¥, D;k ;kstuk,a cukbÛ = Jh iou%^kjfEHd` ijh”k bl ijh”k d`k lokZf|d` vfuf'pr pj. gS\ fuxsfVo ekfdÛ`x ds` ckn rks ;g pj. vkSj Hh ‘[rjukd`’ gks x;k gS\ eßus ;kstuk cukbZ fd` ^kjfEHd` ijh”k eÍ ek( ogh ^'u g¥ fd`, tk,a] ftuds` m®j eß iwjh rjg ls tkurk ƒk\ lkekU; v÷;;u eÍ 80 rƒk bfrgkl eÍ 80 ^'u lgh d`j ¥suk gh bl pj. d`h lœ`¥rk ƒh\ eq“; ijh”k bl ijh”k d`k og pj. gS tgk∑ ijh”kƒhZ d`h fo'¥s".kRed` ”erk o ekSf¥d`rk d`ks egRo fn;k tkrk gS\ vo|kj.kRed` le> d`ks fod`flr d`juk eq“; ijh”k ds` f¥, cgqr tÔjh gS\ vius nksukÍ gh ,sfPNd` fo";kÍ ds` m®j f¥[rs le; eßus ^;kl fd`;k fd` m®j ‘iqLrd`h;’ (Bookish) u gksd`j esjs vius ekSf¥d` m®j ¥xs\ Hk"k ^okge;h] xSj-eqgkojsnkj] lk|kj. o lkeF;Zæh¥ jgs\ viuh ckr d`ks eß fu|kZfjr le; lhek eÍ ^Hkoæk¥h rjhds` ls LiÆV d`j ldw∑`] ;g esjh d`ksfææ ƒh\ lkekU; v÷;;u ds` f¥, v[ckj] tuZ¥ rƒk bUVjusV d`k vf|d`kf|d` ^;ksx fd`;k\ lkekU; v÷;;u ds` f¥, v»ru gksus d`k vf|d`kf|d` ^;kl fd`;k\ ^frfnu izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1577

12-14 ?≥Vs v÷;;u fd`;k\ ¥[u˜ eÍ iks¯LVx ds` nkSjku ?j NksÈM d`j xsLV gk˜l eÍ jgd`j ijh”k d`h rS;kjh d`h\ ^\ n\%vkius fucU| ds` f¥, fd`l ^d`kj d`h rS;kjh d`h = vkius fd`l fo"; ij fucU| f¥[k ,oa ml fo"; d`ks pquus d`k D;k d`kj. ƒk = Jh iou%¥s[u ds` ^fr esjk lgt vkd`"Z. jgk gS\ v÷;;u ds` nkSjku ls gh esjs ¥s[ fofHUu i(-if(d`kvkÍ ·^fr;ksfxrk niZ. eÍ Hh 10 ls T;knk ¥s[ ^d`kfær gks pqds` gß‚ eÍ ^d`kfær gksrs jgs ƒs\ bl d`kj. eq>s fucU| f¥[us d`h d`ksbZ foæs" rS;kjh ugÓ d`juh iÈMh\ eßus ‘iapk;rh jkt rƒk tu læfDrd`j.’ fo"; ij fucU| f¥[k\ ;g fo"; u ds`o¥ esjh :fp ƒk] cfYd` bl fo"; ds` ek÷;e ls eß ekSf¥d` ¥s[u Hh d`j ld`rk ƒk\ ^\ n\%vkius lkekU; v÷;;u d`h rS;kjh ds` f¥, d`kSu-d`kSulh i(-if(d`kvkÍ ,oa iqLrd`kÍ d`k mi;ksx fd`;k gS`= Jh iou%lkekU; v÷;;u d`k ikBΩ;∂`e vR;Ur foLr~r gS\ ;g fofHUu [≥MkÍ eÍ foHDr gS\ eßus [≥Mokj rS;kjh ds` f¥, v¥x-v¥x rjhds` viuk,\ jkÆV_h; vkUnks¥u ds` f¥, ,u\lh\bZ\vkj\Vh\ laxBu o Hkjr-fo'o ds` f¥, lekpkj-i(kÍ] ekfld` ^fr;ksxh if(d`k,a rƒk bUVjusV d`k ^;ksx fd`;k\ Hwxks¥ ds` f¥, ,u\lh\bZ\vkj\Vh\ d`h fd`rkckÍ d`k v÷;;u fd`;k\ lkekftd` fo";kÍ ij jke vkgwtk d`h iqLrd` d`k v÷;;u fd`;k\ Lukrd` ds` nkSjku esjk fo"; gksus ds` d`kj. lkaf“;d`h ds` f¥, eq>s d`ksbZ foæs" rS;kjh ugÓ d`juh iÈMh\ vƒZO;oLƒk ds` f¥, ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. ds` vfrfjDrkad` o n® lqUnje d`h iqLrd` ls rS;kjh d`h\ jktO;oLƒk ds` f¥, Mh\Mh\ clq d`k Hkjrh; lafo|ku] lqHk" d`';i d`h Hkjrh; laln rƒk ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. ds` vfrfjDrkad` ls uksVΩl cuk,\ lelkef;d`h ds` f¥, fgUnqLrku lekpkj-i(] ≠a`V¥kbu if(d`k] ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. ekfld` if(d`k] bUVjusV d`k mi;ksx fd`;k\ blds` vfrfjDr ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. ^d`kæu d`h Hkjrh; laLÎ`fr o okf"Zd`h d`k Hh v÷;;u ¥kH^n jgk\ ^\ n\%lk”kRd`kj d`h rS;kjh dS`ls d`h vkSj vkid`k lk”kRd`kj d`c ƒk vkSj fd`l cksMZ eÍ ƒk ,oa D;k-D;k ^'u iwNs x, = Jh iou%lk”kRd`kj d`h rS;kjh fd`lh le; lhek eÍ ugÓ ck∑|h tk ld`rh\ bl ijh”k ds` nkSjku ‘O;fDrRo ijh”.’ fd`;k tkrk gS\ O;fDrRo d`k fod`kl ,d` nh?Zd`kf¥d` ^f∂`;k gS\ lj¥-laLd`kfjd`-lq:fpiw.Z rƒk ckSf*d` O;fDrRo d`k gksuk vR;Ur egRoiw.Z gS\

flfo¥ lsok eÍ d`k;ZjrΩ gksus ds` d`kj. lk”kRd`kj d`h foæs" rS;kjh ugÓ d`h\ lk”kRd`kj ds` nkSjku esjs rglh¥ ”s( eÍ fo|ku lHk mi-pquko Hh gks jgs ƒs ftl d`kj. eß lk”kRd`kj d`h d`ks¯px bR;kfn Hh Tokbu ugÓ d`j ld`k\ rhu-pkj fnu d`k vod`kæ ¥sd`j eß fnY¥h x;k tgk∑ dq`N d`ks¯px ds`UnzkÍ ij ‘NnΩe lk”kRd`kj’ d`k ¥kH mBk;k\ esjk lk”kRd`kj 28 v^S¥ ·vijkÕ‚ d`ks lqJh ijohu rYgk ds` cksMZ eÍ ƒk\ cksMZ us fHUu-fHUu fo";kÍ ij ^'u iwNs\ dq`N ^'u ,ds`fMfed` ƒs] tcfd` dq`N esjs ^ækld`h; vuqHokÍ ls tqÈMs ƒs\ cksMZ d`k :[ vR;Ur ld`kjkRed` ƒk] ftu ^'ukÍ ds` m®j eq>s Kkr ugÓ ƒs] muds` fo"; eÍ eßus fouezrk ls euk d`j fn;k\ esjk lk”kRd`kj ¥xHx rhl feuV p¥k\ lk”kRd`kj eÍ iwNs x, ^'u (1)

xÈt¥ D;kÍ lqurs gß= xkf¥c d`h xÈt¥ lqukb,\ (2) isfj;kj o ds`\ d`kejkt ds` lkekftd`] jktuhfrd` ;ksxnku crkb,\ (3) fo'o ifjn~'; eÍ Hkjrh; xf.rKkÍ d`k ;ksxnku\ (4) æqYo lw( o ckS|k;u d`h ^es; d`k egRo\ (5) ds`Unzh; fo'ofo»k¥;kÍ d`h fæ”k eÍ Hwfed`k\ (6) m\ ^\ eÍ fod`kl ds` fiNÈMsiu ds` d`kj. o fuokj. ds` mik;\ (7) m\ ^\ ds` xUuk m»ksx ds` fo"; eÍ lq|kj ds` mik;\ (8) m\ ^\ eÍ i;ZVu ds` fod`kl ds` f¥, mik; lq>kb,\ (9) jkt Bkd`js ds` c;ku ij esjh viuh O;fDrxr ^frf∂`;k\ (10) Hkjr eÍ [s¥ la?kÍ d`h mi;ksfxrk o ljd`kj ds` lkƒ buds` Vd`jko ds` d`kj.\

^\ n\%fd`l æSf”d` Lrj ij flfo¥ lsokvkÍ d`h rS;kjh ds` ckjs eÍ lkspuk æqÔ d`juk pkfg, = vkids` vuqlkj bl ijh”k d`h iw.Z rS;kjh eÍ fd`ruk le; ¥xuk pkfg, = Jh iou%flfo¥ lsokvkÍ ds` fo"; eÍ Lukrd` ds nkSjku gh lkspk tk,] rks mfpr gksrk gS\ ,d` o"Z d`k d`fBu ifjJe bl ijh”k ds` f¥, i;kZIr gS\ ^\ n\%vkids` vuqlkj foKku vkSj ekufod`h fo";kÍ eÍ ls fd`l fo"; eÍ T;knk vad` ^kIr fd`, tk ld`rs gß = Jh iou%fo";kÍ d`k foHktu foKku rƒk ekufod`h ds` vk|kj ij ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk\ vPNs vad` ^kIr d`juk fo"; ij

ugÓ vkids` Kku ij fuHZj d`jrk gS\ Lds`¯¥x O;oLƒk eÍ leLr fo"; ,d` gh vk|kj ij [ÈMs gq, gß\ ^\ n\%vkids` vuqlkj bl ijh”k eÍ fgUnh ek÷;e d`ks ¥sd`j rS;kjh ,oa lœ`¥rk ^kIr d`jus ds` ckjs eÍ D;k fopkj gS = Jh iou%fgUnh ek÷;e eÍ vc leLr fo";kÍ eÍ ikBΩ;-lkexzh mi¥C| gS\ vr,o fgUnh ek÷;e ls rS;kjh d`jus eÍ vc d`ksbZ foæs" leL;k d`k lkeuk ugÓ d`juk iÈMrk gS\ ^\ n\%v˙;ƒhZ ds` ifjokj d`h æSf”d`] vkfƒZd` vkSj tukafd`d`h; fLƒfr d`k ^Hko v÷;;u ij iÈMrk gS\ ;fn gk∑ rks dS`ls`= Jh iou%ifjokj d`h æSf”d`] vkfƒZd` o tukafd`d`h; fLƒfr d`k v÷;;u ij cgqr T;knk ^Hko ugÓ iÈMrk\ v˙;ƒhZ d`h ¥xu rƒk n~È< ^frK gksuk gh lœ`¥rk d`h dqa`th gS\ orZeku ifjosæ eÍ xzkeh. o fu|Zu i~ÆBHwfe ds` v˙;ƒhZ cÈMh la“;k eÍ lœ`¥ gks jgs gß\ eß Lo;a Hh vke e÷;eoxhZ; ifjokj ls lEcU| j[rk gw∑\ esjs firk iqf¥l foHkx eÍ bULiSDVj ds` in ij d`k;ZjrΩ gß\ ^\ n\%cktkj eÍ mi¥C| fofHUu ^fr;ksxh if(d`k,a flfo¥ lsokvkÍ ds` f¥, fd`l ^d`kj lg;ksxh gß = Jh iou%cktkj eÍ bl le; cÈMh la“;k eÍ i(-if(d`k,a mi¥C| gß] fd`Urq ekud` o xq.o®kijd` lkexzh ok¥h if(d`k d`ks gh pquuk vko';d` gS\ ^\ n\%,d` ekud` ^fr;ksfxrk if(d`k eÍ D;k foæs" lkexzh ,oa lad`¥u d`h vis”k j[rs gß = Jh iou%v»ru vk∑d`ÈMs] ^klafxd`^kekf.d` lkexzh] cks|xE; Hk"k] lkjxfHZr ^Lrqfr\ ^\ n\%Hkjr eÍ lcls T;knk iÈko nsuk pkgÍxs = Jh iou%^fr;ksfxrk niZ. mi;qZDr leLr ekud`kÍ ij [jh mrjrh gS\ nsæ ds` lq^frfÆBr ¥s[d`kÍ ds` ¥s[kÍ d`k ^d`kæu muds` ifjp; ds` lkƒ gks] rks ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. vkSj vf|d` ^Hkoæk¥h cu ld`rh gS\ ^\ n\%D;k vius lkekU; v÷;;u ds` vfrfjDrkad` lhjht d`k mi;ksx fd`;k] tks fiN¥s d`bZ o"ksÛ ls v˙;fƒZ;kÍ ds` chp cgqr ilUn d`h tk jgh gS = Jh iou%lkekU; v÷;;u ds` f¥, Hkjrh; vƒZO;oLƒk] jktO;oLƒk] okf"Zd`h] Hkjrh; d`¥k ,oa laLÎ`fr vfrfjDrkad` d`k v÷;;u eßus Hh fd`;k\ ;s vfrfjDrkad` vR;Ur ¥kHnk;d` jgs\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1578

^\ n\%gk¥ gh eÍ ^d`kfær ^fr;ksfxrk niZ. okf"Zd`h dS`lh ¥xh = blds` ^d`kæu d`k le;] bld`k vkd`kj ,oa bld`h lkexzh ds` ckjs eÍ fopkj O;Dr d`jÍ\ Jh iou%okf"Zd`h vR;Ur lkjxfHZr o lVhd` tkud`kjh ;qDr lad`¥u gS\ ;g ^Lrqfr u ds`o¥ eq“; o ^kjfEHd` ijh{kk ds` f¥,] cfYd` lk”kRd`kj ds` nkSjku Hh mi;ksxh fl* gqbZ gS\ ^\ n\%vkids` vuqlkj d`ks¯px laLƒkukÍ d`k bl ijh”k d`h rS;kjh eÍ D;k jks¥ gS = D;k vkius fd`lh Lrj ij fd`lh laLƒku d`h enn ¥h = Jh iou%;»fi eßus fd`lh Hh d`ks¯px laLƒku eÍ d`ks¯px ugÓ ¥h] fd`Urq u, v˙;fƒZ;kÍ ds` f¥, d`ks¯px d`h Hwfed`k lgh ,^ksp o lgh fnæk fu|kZfjr d`jus eÍ gks ld`rh gS\ lk”kRd`kj ds` nkSjku ‘NnΩe lk”kRd`kj’ gsrq eßus fnY¥h ds` d`fri; d`ks¯px laLƒkukÍ d`h lgk;rk ¥h\ O;fDrxr ekxZnæZu ds` f¥, eß nhid` vxzok¥] vkbZ\,\,l\] vt; æqD¥k (I.A.S.) eqDrs'oj th] fod`kl fnO;d`hfrZ] MkW\ ,l\ ih\ >k] jktho jatu] ^nhi nhf”r] v:.sæ ¯lg rƒk æs[j f(ikBh d`k vkHkjh gw∑\ ^\ n\%d`ksbZ lq>ko ;k lansæ vkxkeh v˙;fƒZ;kÍ d`ks nsuk pkgÍxs = Jh iou%viuh ”erkvkÍ d`ks fod`flr d`jÍ\ lksp d`ks ifjiDo cuk,a\ bZekunkjh ;qDr ^;kl d`jÍ\ ifjJe gh lœ`¥rk d`h dqa`th gS\ ^\ n\%vkids` mTTo¥ HfoÆ; ds` f¥, gfknZd` æqHd`keuk,a\ Jh iou%|U;okn\ ●●● æs" i~ÆB 1567 d`k vfrfjDr rhu vU; ægj%izkx ·pSd` x.jkT;‚] ckdw` ·vtjcstku‚ o nksgk ·d`rj‚ Hh ;g estckuh gkfl¥ d`jus d`h gksÈM eÍ ƒs] fd`Urq twu 2008 eÍ ig¥s nkSj ds` ernku ds` ckn mi;qZDr pkj ægj gh izfrLi*kZ eÍ jg x, ƒs\ bu ægjkÍ eÍ fLƒfr d`k tk;tk ¥sus ds` f¥, vUrjkZÆV_h; vks¥fEid` lfefr d`k n¥ vizS¥ 2009 eÍ mu ægjkÍ d`k nkSjk d`jsxk\ estckuh ds` f¥, pqus x, ægj d`h ?ks".k 2 vDVwcj] 2009 d`ks d`h tk,xh\ ●●● æs" i~ÆB 1569 d`k vkosnu d`h lqfo|k Hh mi¥C| gS\ bl HrhZ ds` lEcU| eÍ vU; tkud`kjh gsrq jkstxkj lekpkj ns[Í\ mi;qZDr ijh{kk ds` f¥, fuEuf¥f[r iqLrd` d`k v÷;;u d`jÍ% ● mid`kj fnY¥h iqf¥l d`k∑LVsfc¥ 120/ijh{kk ·¥s[d` # MkW\ ¥k¥ ,oa tSu‚

m®j iznsæ eÍ 35000 d`k∑LVsfc¥kÍ d`h HrhZ m®j iznsæ iqf¥l eÍ vkj{kh ·d`k∑LVsfc¥‚ ds` in ij fu;qfDr gsrq lq;ksX; mEehnokjkÍ ls fu|kZfjr vkosnu-i( m®j iznsæ iqf¥l lsok HrhZ ,oa izksUufr cksMZ }kjk 25 vizS¥] 2009 rd` vkefU(r fd`, x, gß\ bl HrhZ ds` rgrΩ mi¥C| inkÍ d`h dq`¥ la“;k 35000 gS\ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` mEehnokjkÍ ds` f¥, fu;ekuqlkj vkj{k. d`k izko|ku bl HrhZ ds` rgrΩ mi¥C| gS\ æS{kf.d` ;ksX;rk%ckjgoÓ d`{kk m®h.Z\ vk;q lhek%·1 tuojh] 2009 d`ks‚ 18–22 o"Z ·efg¥kvkÍ ds` f¥, 18–25 o"Z‚\ fofHUu oxksÛ ds` f¥, vk;q lhek eÍ fu;ekuqlkj NwV mi¥C| gS\ bl HrhZ ds` f¥, vkosnu-i( iznsæ ds` izeq[ Mkd`?jkÍ eÍ 25 ekpZ] 2009 ls fcdz`h ds` f¥, mi¥C| gkÍxs\ vkosnu-i( ftl Mkd`?j ls dz`; fd`, tk,axs] mlh eÍ tek d`jus gkÍxs\ bl HrhZ ds` lEcU| eÍ vU; foLr~r tkud`kjh gsrq 27 œ`jojh–5 ekpZ] 2009 d`k jkstxkj laxzg ·vkxjk‚ ns[Í\ mi;qZDr ijh{kk ds` f¥, mid`kj izd`kæu }kjk izd`kfær iqLrd`kÍ d`k v÷;;u ¥kHd`kjh gksxk\ ●●●

c|kbZ lUnsæ gekjs f¥, ;g cÈMs g"Z d`k fo"; gS fd` gekjs ,d` fu;fer ikBd` Jh vfer fuxe ·lkxj‚ d`k e÷; ^nsæ ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx d`h ijh”k] 2008 ds` vk|kj ij vfH;kstu vf|d`kjh ds` in ij gks x;k gS\ bl ijh”k eÍ bUgÍ jkT; eÍ ukSok∑ Lƒku ^kIr vfer fuxe gqvk gS\ bl ækunkj lœ`¥rk ds` f¥, ge mUgÍ gkfnZd` c|kbZ ,oa æqHd`keuk,a ^sf"r d`jrs gß\ lwpukƒZ i( eÍ mUgkÍus f¥[k gS%∏eß viuh lœ`¥rk d`k Js; vkid`h if(d`k ‘^fr;ksfxrk niZ.’ d`ks nsrk gw∑\ bleÍ ^d`kfær ¥s[kÍ] fucU|kÍ ,oa vU; tkud`kfj;kÍ d`ks ^fr;ksxh ijh”kvkÍ eÍ lœ`¥rk ds` f¥, vR;Ur egRoiw.Z ekurk gw∑\ vkid`h if(d`k eÍ lkekU; v÷;;u o fof| ls lEcfU|r tkud`kjh us esjs Kku d`ks ml Lrj rd` igq∑pk;k tgk∑ ls esjh d`ke;kch d`h jkg vklku gks xbZ\π ge Jh fuxe d`h mi;qZDr Hkouk ls vfHHwr gß rƒk HfoÆ; eÍ blls Hh vf|d` mi;ksxh lkexzh ^Lrqr d`jus d`h ^sj.k ¥srs gß rƒk Jh fuxe ds` mTTo¥ HfoÆ; d`h gkfnZd` æqHd`keuk d`jrs gß\ lEiknd`

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og ^ƒe Hkjrh; fgUnh fœ`Yeh xhr ftlds` f¥, vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj ^kIr gqvk\ % t; gks˙˙˙˙˙˙ ·xq¥tkj rƒk jgeku‚ ☛ Hkjr ds` “;kfr ^kIr xhrd`kj xq¥tkj d`ks muds` }kjk L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j fœ`Ye ds` f¥, f¥[s xhr ‘t; gks˙˙˙˙˙˙’ ds` f¥, laxhrd`kj jgeku ds` lkƒ vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj œ`jojh 2009 eÍ ^kIr gqvk\ ,\ vkj\ jgeku d`ks blh fœ`Ye eÍ laxhr nsus ds` f¥, Hh vkWLd`j ^kIr gqvk\ jgeku nks vkWLd`j ^kIr d`jus ok¥s ig¥s Hkjrh; gks x,\ fœ`Ye eÍ ‘lkm≥M fe¯Dlx’ ds` f¥, Hh Hkjrh; laxhrd`kj ˙˙˙˙˙ jslq¥ iwdq`VΩVh d`ks ^kIr gqvk gS\ ig¥h ckj gh Hkjr ds` lokZf|d` rhu d`¥kd`kjkÍ d`ks ,d` lkƒ vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj ^kIr gq, gS\ L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j d`ks dq`¥ 8 iqjLd`kj ^kIr gq,] ftleÍ loZJsÆB fœ`Ye d`k iqjLd`kj Hh lfEef¥r gS\ Hkjr d`h ,d` ¥ÈMd`h ij cuh og MkWD;weÍVjh fœ`Ye ftls œ`jojh 2009 eÍ vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj ^kIr gqvk gS\ % Lekb¥ ¯id`h ☛ m®j iznsæ eÍ fetkZiqj ds` xk∑o jkeiqj
izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1579/5

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œ`jojh 2009 eÍ ubZ fnY¥h eÍ n ,uthZ ,≥M fjlkslsZt baLVhVΩ;wV (TERI) }kjk vk;ksftr ukSoÓ fnY¥h lLVsusc¥ Mo¥ieÍV lfEeV (DSDS) eÍ la;qDr jkÆV_ la? ds` egklfpo cku d`h-ewu (Ban Ki-Moon) d`ks lLVsusc¥ Mo¥ieÍV ¥hMjfæi vokMZ ls lEekfur fd`;k x;k\

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og uxj tgk∑ œ`jojh 2009 eÍ n”sl nsækÍ ds` fonsæ efU(;kÍ d`k fæ[j lEes¥u vk;ksftr fd`;k x;k\ % d`ks¥Ecks ☛ 27-28 œ`jojh] 2009 d`ks Jh¥ad`k eÍ d`ks¥Ecks eÍ n”sl (SAARC) nsækÍ ds` fonsæ efU(;kÍ d`k lEes¥u vk;ksftr fd`;k x;k] ftleÍ 15oÍ fæ[j lEes¥u ds` ^LrkokÍ d`ks ¥kxw d`jus ij fopkj fd`;k x;k\ bleÍ vkrad`okn vkSj vijk| foæs" Ôi ls fopkjfoeæZ ds` fo"; ƒs\ os nks nsæ ftuds` mixzg ig¥h ckj vUrfj” eÍ Vd`jk,\ % Ôl rƒk vejhd`k ☛ vejhd`k d`k 1997 eÍ ^”sfir bjhfM;e okf.fT;d` mixzg o nwljk 1993 eÍ ^”sfir Ôlh lSU; mixzg 10 œ`jojh] 2009 d`ks lkbcsfj;k ds` ˜ij Vd`jk, x,\ ;g mixzg vc f∂`;kæh¥ ugÓ ƒs\ og Lƒku tgk∑ lkaf“;d`h; vuqlU|ku ds` f¥, ,d` u;k laLƒku œ`jojh 2009 eÍ Lƒkfir fd`;k x;k gS\ % xzsVj uks,Mk ☛ xzsVj uks,Mk ·ubZ fnY¥h jkt|kuh ”s(‚ eÍ ljd`kj us ,I¥kbM lkaf“;d`h ds` ”s( eÍ mPpLrjh; fæ”. ^fæ”. ds` f¥, usæu¥ ,ds`Meh vkWœ` LVsfVfLVd`¥ ,MfefuLV_sæu (NASA) d`h Lƒkiuk œ`jojh 2009 eÍ d`h gS\ og ^ƒe efg¥k f∂`ds`V f[¥kÈMh tks ekpZ 2009 eÍ gksus ok¥s fo'o f∂`ds`V d`i eÍ vEik;¯jx d`jÍxh\ % dS`ƒh ∂`kl ☛ U;wth¥S≥M d`h f∂`ds`V efg¥k f[¥kÈMh dS`ƒh ∂`kl ekpZ 2009 eÍ vkLV_sf¥;k eÍ vk;ksftr gksus ok¥s efg¥k f∂`ds`V fo'o d`i eÍ vEik;¯jx d`jsxh\ fo'o d`i eÍ vEik;¯jx d`jus ok¥h ;g ^ƒe efg¥k gkÍxh\ og Hkjrh; efg¥k f[¥kÈMh tks vkxkeh efg¥k fo'o d`i f∂`ds`V eÍ Hkjrh; f∂`ds`V Vhe d`h d`Irkuh d`jsxh\ % >w¥u xksLokeh ☛ ekpZ 2009 eÍ vkLV_sf¥;k eÍ vk;ksftr gksus ok¥h efg¥k fo'o d`i f∂`ds`V ^fr;ksfxrk eÍ Hkjrh; efg¥k f∂`ds`V Vhe d`h d`Irkuh >w¥u xksLokeh d`jsxh\ Hkjr ds` og rc¥k oknd` ftUgÍ bl o"Z xzSeh iqjLd`kj ^nku fd`;k x;k\ % tkfd`j gqlSu ☛ Hkjr ds` ^frfÆBr rc¥k oknd` mLrkn tkfd`j gqlSu d`ks rhu vU; fonsfæ;kÍ ds` lkƒ mud`h ,¥ce ‘Xyksc¥ M_e ^kstsDV’ ds` f¥, led`k¥hu fo'o laxhr ,¥ce Js.h eÍ œ`jojh 2009 eÍ xzSeh iqjLd`kj ^nku fd`;k x;k\ ;g bud`k nwljk xzSeh iqjLd`kj gS\ ig¥k 1991 eÍ I¥susV M_e ds` f¥, fe¥k ƒk\ og nsæ ftlus Hkjr eÍ œ`jojh 2009 eÍ vk;ksftr pkj nsækÍ ds` gkWd`h VwukZesUV eÍ fot; ^kIr d`h\ % gkW¥S≥M ·uhnj¥S≥MΩl‚ ☛ Hkjr] gkW¥S≥M] U;wth¥S≥M o teZuh ds` e÷; œ`jojh 2009 eÍ paMhxÈ< eÍ vk;ksftr gq, iatkc xksYM d`i gkWd`h VwukZesUV eÍ Hkjr d`ks gjkd`j gkW¥S≥M fot;h jgk\ og bf≥M;u-vejhd`u lqUnjh ftlus fel bf≥M;k oYMZokbM-2009 d`k f[rkc thrk\ % fuDd`hrkæk ekjokg ☛ fæd`kxks eÍ jgus ok¥h Hkjr d`h fuDd`hrkæk ekjokg us Mjcu eÍ œ`jojh 2009 eÍ vk;ksftr lkSUn;Z ^fr;ksfxrk eÍ fel bf≥M;k oYMZokbM-2009 d`k f[rkc thr f¥;k\ 2008 d`h fotsrk æxqu lkjkHkbZ us mls rkt iguk;k\ bl o"Z d`k oks fnu tc vƒZ vkoj-2009 (Earth Hour-2009) euk;k tk,xk\ % 28 ekpZ] 2009 ☛ MCY;w\MCY;w\,œ`\-bf≥M;k (W.W.F.-India) }kjk okrkoj. laj”. ds` f¥, 28 ekpZ] 2009 d`ks ,d` ?≥Vs (8·30 PM–9·30 PM) ds` f¥, Hkjr lesr fo'o ds` 74 nsækÍ ds` 377 ægjkÍ eÍ jksæuh (light) cUn j[us d`k vkÿku fd`;k gS\ ;g vkUnks¥u d`k;Z∂`e 2007 eÍ flMuh eÍ ^kjEH gqvk ƒk\ og ægj tgk∑ fnlEcj 2009 eÍ i;kZoj. laj”. ls lEcfU|r la;qDr jkÆV_ lEes¥u vk;ksftr fd`;k tk,xk\ % d`ksisugsxu ☛ fnlEcj 2009 eÍ MsuekdZ` eÍ d`ksisugsxu eÍ la;qDr jkÆV_ t¥ok;q ifjorZu lEes¥u vk;ksftr fd`;k tk,xk] ftleÍ D;ksVks ^ksVksd`ks¥ ds` Lƒku ij ,d` u;k le>kSrk lEiUu gksus d`h lEHkouk gS\ v≠`hd`k d`k og nsæ tgk∑ Hkjrh;kÍ ds` igq∑pus ds` 150 o"Z uoEcj 2010 eÍ iwjs gks tk,axs\ % nf”. v≠`hd`k ☛ nf”. v≠`hd`k ds` uVk¥ eÍ vaxzstkÍ }kjk etnwjh ds` f¥, Hkjrh;kÍ d`k ig¥k tRƒk 16 uoEcj] 1860 d`ks igq∑pk;k x;k ƒk\ nf”. v≠`hd`k eÍ jg jgs Hkjrh;kÍ us 16 uoEcj] 2010 d`ks 150 o"Z iwjs gksus ij foæs" vk;kstu d`jus d`k fu.Z; f¥;k gS\ blds` f¥, ogk∑ 1860/2010, 150 years Commemoration Committee d`k xBu Hh fd`;k x;k gS\ og f∂`ds`V f[¥kÈMh ftlus vUrjkZÆV_h; ,d`fnolh; ,oa VsLV eSpkÍ eÍ lokZf|d` fods`V ¥sus d`k fjd`kWMZ Lƒkfir fd`;k gS\ % eqƒS;k eqj¥h|ju ☛ Jh¥ad`k ds` eqƒS;k eqj¥h|ju us 5 œ`jojh] 2009 d`ks Hkjr d`h Vhe ds` fo:* [s¥rs gq, xkSre xEHhj d`k fods`V ¥sd`j vius fjd`kWMZ 503 fods`V iwjs fd`,] blus olhe vd`je ·ikfd`Lrku‚ d`k fjd`kWMZ Hax fd`;k\ eqƒS;k eqj¥h|ju d`k VsLV eSpkÍ eÍ lokZf|d` fods`V (769) ¥sus d`k Hh fjd`kWMZ Lƒkfir gks pqd`k gS\ og nsæ ftlus vaVkdZ`fVd`k ij ig¥k iznw". jfgr vuqlU|ku ds`Unz bl o"Z LFkkfir fd`;k gS\ % csfYt;e ☛ iwohZ vaVkdZ`fVd`k eÍ csfYt;e us fizalsl ,f¥lkcsFk (Princess Elisabeth) |zqoh; vuqla|ku LVsæu d`h LFkkiuk d`h gS ftld`k mnΩ?kVu œ`jojh 2009 eÍ fd`;k x;k gS\ ;g fo'o d`k vaVkdZ`fVd`k ij ig¥k iznw". jfgr ds`Unz gS\ ●●●

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1580

ikfd`Lrku # ncko eÍ gS ljd`kj jkÆV_h; laln ds` f¥, gq, pquko eÍ tc ikfd`Lrku ds` rRd`k¥hu jkÆV_ifr ijost eqæjZœ` d`h tsoh ikVhZ rƒk vU; d`±jiaƒh n¥kÍ d`h Hkjh ijkt; gqbZ rƒk nsæ eÍ ikfd`Lrku ihiqYl ikVhZ d`h ljd`kj vkbZ] rks lHh leh{kd`kÍ us bls izxfræh¥ rkd`rkÍ ,oa iztkra( d`h lœ`¥rk ds` Ôi eÍ ikfd`Lrku ds` HfoÆ; ds` f¥, æqH lads`r le>k ƒk\ ;g |kj.k ml le; vkSj etcwr gqbZ] tc ijost eqæjZœ` jkÆV_ifr in NksÈMus ds` f¥, ck÷; gks x, rƒk ihiqYl ikVhZ ds` eqf[;k tjnkjh d`ks jkÆV_ifr pquk x;k\ fd`Urq ikfd`Lrku d`h uofuokZfpr ljd`kj dq`N gh fnukÍ ds` vUnj d`bZ izd`kj ds` ncko eÍ vk xbZ\ nsæ ds` lkeus ekStwn leL;kvkÍ d`k lkeuk d`jus rƒk mud`k lek|ku [kstus eÍ ljd`kj iwjh rjg foœ`¥ jgh gS\ ljd`kj d`h foœ`¥rk ds` p¥rs ikfd`Lrku d`h fLƒfr miegk}hi ds` ‘chekj jkT;’ d`h gks xbZ gS rƒk ,d` thou{k; jkT; ds` Ôi eÍ mlds` vfLrRo ij gh iz'ufpÕ ¥x x;k gS\ vkt ikfd`Lrku ,d` fo?fVr jkT; o lekt d`h rLohj izLrqr d`jrk gS\ ikfd`Lrku ftu nckokÍ d`k lkeuk d`j jgk gS og vkUrfjd` rƒk ckÌ nksukÍ gh izd`kj ds` gß\ bueÍ ls vf|d`kaæ ncko ikfd`Lrku d`h ljd`kjkÍ }kjk Lo;a iSnk fd`, x, gß\ os mu jhfr;kÍ o uhfr;kÍ d`k nqÆifj.ke gS] ftu ij ikfd`Lrku d`k ækld` oxZ næd`kÍ ls vkpj. d`jrk vk jgk gS\ bu nckokÍ ls ;fn ikfd`Lrku d`ks eqfDr ugÓ fe¥ jgh gS rƒk fud`V HfoÆ; eÍ fe¥us d`h lEHkouk ugÓ fn[ jgh gS] rks mld`k Hh d`kj. ;gh gS fd` orZeku ækld` oxZ iqjkuh ¥hd` ls gVd`j d`ke d`jus d`ks u rks rS;kj gS vkSj u lkgl tqVk ik jgk gS\ nsæ ds` le{k ekStwn pqukSfr;kÍ d`k n~È
rƒk mlds` }kjk nsæ d`h jktuhfr eÍ gLr{ksi lekIr gks] nsæ d`h xqIrpj laLƒk vkbZ,lvkbZ d`ks tokcnsg cuk;k tk, rƒk ml ij ljd`kj d`k fu;U(. Lƒkfir gks\ bls ikfd`Lrku d`h turk d`k nqHkZX; gh d`gk tk,xk fd` bueÍ ls d`ksbZ Hh ærZ vkt iwjh ugÓ gks jgh gS\ c[kZLr fd`, x, ·eqæjZœ` ljd`kj }kjk‚ ttkÍ d`h cgk¥h d`ks ¥sd`j ikfd`Lrku ihiqYl ikVhZ ds` usrk tjnkjh rƒk eqfL¥e ¥hx ds` usrk uokt æjhœ` eÍ tks erHsn iSnk gq,] og le; ds` lkƒ d`e gksus ds` Lƒku ij cÈ
ikfd`Lrku eÍ mUgÍ izfæ{k.] |u rƒk gfƒ;kj izkIr gq, o ljd`kj d`k lg;ksx Hh\ blh rjg Hkjr ds` fo:*] foæs"d`j tEew-d`'ehj eÍ ikd` lsuk ds` LƒkukiUu ds` Ôi eÍ la?"Z ds` f¥, tsgknh rƒk vkrad`h laxBukÍ d`ks enn o cÈ
O;oLƒk d`ks ¥kxw d`juk] Hkjr ds` lkƒ eS(h d`k fojks| rƒk la;qDr jkT; vejhd`k ds` izfr nq'euh\ rkf¥cku d`k ik¥u-iks". d`jus d`h uhfr ds` nqÆifj.ke C¥ksfpLrku o Lokr ?kVh eÍ [q¥d`j lkeus vk jgs gß\ Lokr ?kVh eÍ ikfd`Lrku d`h gqdw`er d`kxt ij jg xbZ gS\ ;gÓ ij rkf¥cku usrk œ`T¥q¥kg [k∑ d`k d`kuwu p¥rk gS\ og ,d` LorU(] lekukUrj ljd`kj p¥k jgk gS\ rkf¥ckuh œ`jeku us b¥kds` ds` iq:"kÍ d`ks nkÈk tk ld`rk gS fd` rkf¥cku ds` vkrad` ls H;Hhr gksd`j Lokr-b¥kds` d`h vkcknh d`k 20% (15 ¥k[ eÍ ls 3 ¥k[‚ b¥kds` ls i¥k;u d`j x, gß\ d`ksbZ Hh izHql®k lEiUu ljd`kj bl rjg d`h pqukSrh d`k eq∑grksÈM tokc nsus ds` f¥, vko';d` d`ne mBkrh] fd`Urq ikd` ljd`kj us ,slk ugÓ fd`;k\ mlus rkf¥cku ds` lkƒ le>kSrk d`j f¥;k\ bl le>kSrs ds` vuqlkj Lokr b¥kds` eÍ bL¥keh d`kuwu ¥kxw gksxk] ikd` lsuk {ks( ls gV tk,xh rƒk cUnh rkf¥cku fjgk d`j fn, tk,axs\ ?kVh eÍ rkf¥cku rƒk ljd`kj ds` e÷; vfuf'prd`k¥hu ;q* fojke jgsxk\ ;g le>kSrk LiÆVr# rkf¥cku d`h thr o ljd`kj ds` nqcZ¥rkiw.Z leiZ. d`k lwpd` gS\ blls rkf¥cku d`h rkd`r rƒk gkSl¥s cÈ<Íxs\ Nu d`j vk jgh tkud`kjh ds` vuqlkj vc flU| rƒk d`jkph muds` fuækus ij gß rƒk bL¥kekckn Hh muds` ekjd` {ks( eÍ vk tkrk gS\ ikfd`Lrku ij ckÌ ncko la;qDr jkT; vejhd`k d`h rjœ` ls iÈM jgk gS\ vksckek ds` jkÆV_ifr cuus ds` lkƒ gh la;qDr jkT; d`h fonsæ uhfr ls foæs"d`j ‘vkrad` ds` fo:* ;q*’ ds` lUnHZ eÍ cn¥ko vk;k gS\ u;k izæklu ekurk gS fd` la?"Z d`h ds`Unz Lƒ¥h bjkd` u gksd`j vœ`xkfuLrku-ikfd`Lrku gS\ vr# vksckek d`h ljd`kj viuh lEiw.Z ˜tkZ vkSj æfDr blh {ks( eÍ ds`fUnzr d`j jgh gS\ gks¥czqd` d`ks ikfd`Lrku-vœ`xkfuLrku ds` f¥, la;qDr jkT; d`k foæs" jktnwr fu;qDr fd`;k x;k gS\ gks¥czqd` fo;ruke] ;qxksL¥kfo;k eÍ vius d`k¥s d`kjukekÍ] fo?Vud`kjh rƒk vkdz`ked` izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1582

uhfr ds` f¥, pfpZr jgs gß\ lUnsæ lkœ` vkSj LiÆV gS fd` vejhd`h fgr lk|u ds` f¥, og ikfd`Lrku eÍ fd`lh Hh lhek rd` tk ld`rs gß\ ,d` ckj ;g r; d`j ¥sus ij fd` rkf¥cku] v¥-d`k;snk ds` fo:* ;q* thruk gS] la;qDr jkT; pkgrk gS fd` ikd` ljd`kj ;q* eÍ bZekunkjh ls lg;ksx d`js rƒk d`gus Hj ds` f¥, ugÓ] vfirq okLro eÍ ;q* eÍ gkƒ cVk,\ vejhd`k pkgrk gS fd` ikfd`Lrku viuh ljteÓ ij ekStwn vkrad`h vçkÍ d`ks uÆV d`js] vkrad`h-tsgknh laxBukÍ d`ks lekIr d`js rƒk v¥-d`k;snk o rkf¥cku ds` fo:* Bksl d`ne mBk,\ bruk gh ugÓ mlus ;g Hh LiÆV d`j fn;k gS fd` vkrad`okfn;kÍ rƒk vejhd`k-fojks|h rkd`rkÍ ds` vçkÍ ij ge¥k d`jus ds` f¥,

mld`h lsuk uH-ƒ¥ eÍ ikd` lhek d`k vfrdz`e. d`jus ls ugÓ fgpfd`pk,xh\ ,sls ge¥s fd`, Hh tk jgs gß\ la;qDr jkT; us ikfd`Lrku d`ks nh tk jgh lSfud` rƒk vlSfud` enn d`ks Hh ‘vkrad` ds` fo:* ;q*’ eÍ ifkd`Lrku d`h izfrc*rk rƒk bZekunkjhiw.Z lg;ksx ds` lkƒ tksÈM fn;k gS\ rkf¥cku ds` fo:* ;q* eÍ ikfd`Lrku d`h ljd`kj lsuk d`h rS;kjh d`ks ¥sd`j d`ksbZ cgkuk u d`j lds`] blds` f¥, la;qDr jkT; ds` 70 lSfud` izfæ{kd` ikd` lsuk d`ks d`ek≥Mks izfæ{k. nsus gsrq ikfd`Lrku eÍ ekStwn gß\ ikd` ljd`kj d`h n;uh; næk d`ks blh ls le>k tk ld`rk gS fd` rkf¥ckuh ncko d`h rjg vejhd`h ncko ds` le{k Hh æfDrghu leiZ. d`juk mld`h etcwjh gS\

cks¥hfo;k # u, ;qx d`k lw(ikr o"Z 2009 cks¥hfo;k d`h cgqla“;d` nsæt vkcknh ds` f¥, æqH fl* gqbZ gS\ tuojh ekg ds` vfUre lIrkg eÍ cks¥hfo;k eÍ u, lafo|ku d`ks tuer laxzg ds` f¥, isæ fd`;k x;k\ 60 izfrær ls vf|d` ernkrkvkÍ us lafo|ku ds` i{k eÍ er fn;k\ bl rjg u;k lafo|ku ¥kxw gks x;k\ jkÆV_ifr eksjk¥sl (Morales) ds` usr~Ro eÍ ækld` n¥ ewoeÍV Vw ,Mokal lksæf¥Te }kjk rS;kj fd`;k x;k ;g lafo|ku jkT;ra( ds`
iw.Z LrRo izkIr gqvk\ lafo|ku us mUgÍ viuh Hk"k d`k iz;ksx d`jus rƒk vius ijEijkxr
vkfƒZd` ¥s[

æs;j cktkj rƒk E;wpqv¥ œ`≥M ls tqÈMh vgeΩ tkud`kfj;k∑ æs;j cktkj eÍ fMcÍpj

fuf'pr jkfæ fd`lh [kl æs;j eÍ ¥xkrs jgÍ] H¥s gh cktkj eÍ mrkj–pÈ
d`ks iSekuk cuk;k tk ld`rk gS\ lkekU;r# nsæ eÍ d`ke d`jus ok¥h d`Eifu;kÍ d`ks tc vPNh lk[ ok¥h d`Eifu;k∑ fMcÍpj viuk O;kikj cÈ
crkrh gß] u, fuosæd`kÍ d`ks ¥xrk gS fd` ;g ,d` ;wuhd` œ`≥M gS] ¥sfd`u lk|kj.r;k ,slk gksrk ugÓ gS\ bld`k lcls cÈMk d`kj. gS fd` E;wpqv¥ œ`≥M eÍ ,d`f(r iSlk æs;j cktkj ;k )`. ;kstukvkÍ eÍ gh ¥xk;k tkrk gS] blf¥, ukekÍ ij tkuk Bhd` ugÓ gS\ fœ`j Hh E;wpqv¥ œ`≥M d`ks dq`N oxksÛ eÍ vo'; ck∑Vk tk ld`rk gS\ (1) MkbolhZœ`kbM œ`≥M%bl œ`≥M d`ks fofof|d`j. œ`≥M Hh d`gk tkrk gS] tc Hh bl rjg ds` uke vk,a] rks ekuuk pkfg, fd` ;g d`ksbZ ,slh ;kstuk gS tks ,d`f(r iSlkÍ d`k fuosæ d`bZ lsDVlZ eÍ d`jrh gS\ bu ”s(kÍ eÍ dq`N fgLlk )`. ;kstukvkÍ d`k Hh gksrk gS\ ;g Hh ,d` fn¥pLi ckr gS fd` ,sls œ`≥M fd`lh ,d` ”s( ij viuk vf|d` iSlk ugÓ ¥xrk gS] cfYd` ,d` larqf¥r vuqikr eÍ fofHUu lsDVlZ eÍ iSlk ¥xkrk gS\ isV_ks ls ¥sd`j fct¥h rd` rƒk esV¥ ls ¥sd`j œ`kekZ rd` bud`k fuosæ gksrk gS\ lS*kfUrd` Ôi ls ;g ekuk tkrk gS fd` ,slk d`jus ls uqd`lku d`h vkæad`k d`kœ`h d`e jgrh gS\ (2) ikWoj lsDVj œ`≥M%,sls E;wpqv¥ œ`≥M ds`o¥ ikWoj lsDVj d`h d`Eifu;kÍ eÍ fuosæ ds` f¥, |u ,d`f(r d`jrs gß] vxj fuosæd` d`ks ¥xrk gS fd` ikWoj ”s( d`h d`Eifu;kÍ eÍ fuosæ vPNk jgsxk] rks muds` f¥, ;g œ`≥M csgrj gksrs gß\ ,sls œ`≥M dq`¥ fuosæ d`k d`jhc 90 œ`hlnh rd` fct¥h mRiknu ok¥h d`Eifu;kÍ ;k fct¥h mRiknu eÍ d`ke vkus ok¥s mid`j. cukus ok¥h d`Eifu;kÍ eÍ gh fuosæ d`jrs gß\ (3) œ`kekZ lsDVj œ`≥M%,sls œ`≥M mu d`Eifu;kÍ eÍ gh fuosæ d`jrs gß tks œ`kekZ ”s( eÍ d`k;ZjrΩ gß\ pkgs og d`Eifu;k∑ nok cuk jgh gkÍ vƒok nok cukus ds` mid`j.] ,sls œ`≥M ‘œ`kekZ lsDVj œ`≥M’ d`g¥krs gß\ ;kuh uke ds` vk|kj ij tkuk tk ld`rk gS fd` ;kstuk eÍ ,d`( iSlk d`gk∑ fuosæ fd`;k tk,xk\ dq ` N le; ls ,slh ;kstuk,a vkbZ gß ftueÍ ,d`( gksus ok¥k iSlk fonsækÍ eÍ Hh ¥xk;k tkrk gS\ bl rjg ds` œ`≥M fuosæ d`k ,d` cÈMk fgLlk fonsæh æs;j cktkjkÍ rƒk fonsæh d`Eifu;kÍ eÍ ¥xkrs gß] vr# æs;j|kjd` d`ks æs;j [jhnrs le; bl ckr d`k vo'; ÷;ku j[uk pkfg, fd` MkW¥j d`h d`her eÍ mrkj–pÈ
ij iSuh utj j[uh tÔjh gS\ X¥ksc¥ cktkj eÍ d`eksfMVh ds` nkekÍ eÍ rsth vk jgh gS\ ,sls eÍ ¥ksxkÍ ds` lkeus fuosæ d`ks ¥sd`j vleatl d`h fLƒfr gS\ ,sls eÍ nks ckrkÍ d`k ÷;ku j[uk tÔjh gS% ig¥h ;g fd` bl fLƒfr eÍ og vkus ok¥s le; eÍ cktkj d`h csgrj fLƒfr d`k bartkj d`jÍ vkSj nwljh ;g fd` og nqckjk ls fjLd` ¥sd`j iksVZœ`ksf¥;ks d`ks fjokbt d`jÍ\ tkfgj gS ,sls eÍ nksukÍ mˆs';kÍ d`h iwfrZ ,d` lkƒ ugÓ d`h tk ld`rh\ ogÓ cktkj d`h vLr– O;Lr fLƒfr eÍ fuosæd` ds` lkeus ;g ,d` cÈMh pqukSrh gS fd` ,slh fLƒfr eÍ dS`ls csgrj equkœ`k d`ek;k tk,\ ,slh ifjfLƒfr;kÍ eÍ vko';d` gS fd` viuk ‘bfDoVh iksVZœ`ksf¥;ks’ cukus ls iwoZ dq`N cqfu;knh ckrkÍ d`ks le rel="nofollow"> f¥;k tk,] rkfd` viuk csgrj iksVZœ`ksf¥;ks cuk;k tk,\ fd`lh fuosæd` d`h ^kƒfed`rk ;g gksrh gS fd` fd`lh ;kstuk eÍ fuosæ d`jus ls iwoZ mlds` ckjs eÍ iwjh I¥k¯ux d`j ¥h tk,\ lkƒ gh vius mˆs';kÍ ds` lkƒ bl ckr d`h Hh ;kstuk cuk ¥Í fd` vki fd`ruk fjLd` ¥s ld`rs gß] fd`ruh vof| ds` f¥, fuosæ d`juk pkgrs gß\ tÔjh gS fd` fd`lh Hze eÍ u jgrs gq, ‘fj;f¥fLVd` ,^ksp’ ls fuosæ d`jÍ\ cktkj d`h xfrfof|;kÍ d`h viMsV vius ikl j[Í rƒk mud`k fo'¥s". d`jrs jgÍ\ blls cktkj eÍ cus jgus rƒk fud`¥us d`h lgh fLƒfr;kÍ ds` ckjs eÍ tkud`kjh fe¥rh gS\ ig¥s fuosæ ds` lsDVlZ d`ks fpfÕr d`j ¥suk tÔjh gS\ cktkj eÍ fofHUu LVkWd` ds` V_ÍM vkSj mud`h fLƒfr eÍ ifjorZu ij utj j[Í\ LVkWd` pqurs le; vius mˆs';kÍ] fjLd` œS`DVj] cktkj ds` ^næZu d`ks ÷;ku eÍ j[Í\ fjLd` œS`DVj d`k vkd`¥u d`jrs le; ikfjokfjd` i~ÆBHwfe] lajpuk rƒk [pksÛ d`ks fud`k¥us ds` ckn cpus ok¥h vk; ds` ckjs eÍ fopkj d`j ¥Í\ baMhfotqv¥ fuosæd` C¥w fpi d`Eiuh eÍ fuosæ d`jÍ\ d`e tkud`kjh ok¥h LekW¥ dS`i d`Eifu;kÍ eÍ fuosæ ls cpÍ\

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œ`≥M ds` ^sj.k lzksr ftl ^d`kj ^R;sd` d`Eiuh eÍ ,d` ^eksVj iwjs laxBu ds` f¥, ^sj.k lzksr rƒk ¥hMj gksrk gS] mlh ^d`kj E;wpqv¥ œ`≥M eÍ Hh ¥hMjfæi d`k vgeΩ jks¥ gS\ Lik∑lj%Lik∑lj jftLVMZ d`Eiuh] cßd` ;k œ`kbuÍfæ;¥ baLVhVΩ;wæu d`ksbZ Hh gks ld`rk gS\ bud`ks dq`N fLƒfr;k∑] tSls%iw∑th] V_Sd` fjd`kWMZ] fMœ`kWYV Mh¯¥x vkSj mld`h ^frÆBk ls ¥ksxkÍ d`ks larqÆV d`juk iÈMrk gS\ fd`lh E;wpqv¥ œ`≥M ds` lsVvi d`h æqÔvkr Lik∑lj gh d`jrk gS\ V_LVh%Lik∑lj V_LVh d`ks fu;qâ` d`jrk gS\ fuosæd`kÍ }kjk fuosfær iSls d`ks eÍVsu fd`;k tkrk gS\ ftld`ks V_LVh }kjk ns[k tkrk gS\ mld`k eq“; d`ke gksrk gS fd` og bld`h ns[-js[ lgh rjhds` ls d`js] rkfd` ;wfuV |kjd`kÍ d`k œ`≥M ij fo'okl etcwr jgs\ og ekdsZ`V Ld`he eÍ cn¥ko d`j] vko';d` eatwfj;k∑ gkfl¥ d`jrs gß\ lkƒ gh ,,elh d`h ubZ vksisu ,MsM Ld`hekÍ ij utj j[rs gß vkSj ÷;ku j[rs gß fd` ,,elh d`h pk¥w Ld`he] nwljh Ld`hekÍ ls v¥x rks ugÓ gS\ V_LVh bl ckr d`h tk∑p d`jrs gß fd` ;wfuV |kjd` d`k œ`≥M lqjf”r jgs rƒk ;wfuV |kjd` d`ks fjVuZ fe¥k ;k ugÓ bld`k “;k¥ Hh j[rs gß\ ogÓ dq`N cßd`kÍ eÍ V_LVh rƒk Lik∑lj ,d` gh gksrs gß\ og ^R;sd` 6 ekg eÍ viuh fjiksVZ lsch d`ks ^Lrqr d`jrs gß\ ,,elh%V_LVh ,,elh d`ks crkSj E;wpqv¥ œ`≥M eSustj fu;qâ` d`jrs gß\ ,,elh ds` ikl ^R;sd` le; d`e-ls-d`e 10 d`jksÈM :i, d`h iw∑th gksuh pkfg,\ ;g fuosæ lEcU|h œS`l¥s] fMohMÍM nsuk] [krkÍ d`ks lgh rjhds` ls O;ofLƒr d`juk] usV

,lsV oSY;w (NAV) d`h x.uk] lwphc* Ld`hekÍ ds` ckjs eÍ tkud`kjh mi¥C| d`jkus d`k d`ke d`jrs gß\ la”si eÍ ,,elh |u ds` ^cU|u d`k d`ke d`jrs gß\ ;g ^R;sd` frekgh viuh fjiksVZ V_LVh d`ks ^Lrqr d`jrs gß] vxj d`¥sDæu lkS d`jksÈM :i, ls d`e gS] rks bud`h œ`hl 1·25 œ`hlnh ls vf|d` ugÓ gks ld`rh vkSj vxj d`¥sDæu lkS d`jksÈM :i, ls T;knk gks] rks œ`hl 1 œ`hlnh ls T;knk ugÓ gks ld`rh\ jftLV_kj%,,elh jftLV_kj d`h fu;qfâ` d`jrk gS\ bld`k eq“; d`ke fuosæd`kÍ d`ks lqfo|k,a eqgS;k d`jokuk rƒk muds` fjd`kWMZ eÍVsu d`juk vkfn gksrk gS\ blds` v¥kok jftLV_kj] ,I¥hds`æu œ`kWeZ d`ks ^kslsl d`juk ,oa vd`kmaV LVsVeÍV d`ks ;wfuV|kjd`kÍ rd` igqq∑pkus d`k d`k;Z Hh d`jrk gS\ lkƒ gh ;g fuosæd` ls le;–le; ij laokn d`k;e j[rk gS rƒk fuosæd` ds` fjd`kWMZ d`ks viMsV j[rk gS\

æs;j cktkj eÍ fuosæ ;fn æs;j cktkj eÍ fuosæ d`jus tk jgs gß] rks dq`N ew¥Hwr rF;kÍ d`ks tku ¥suk tÔjh gS\ æs;j cktkj eÍ d`bZ vfuf'prrk,a gß vkSj ,slh d`bZ d`Eifu;k∑ gß tks bld`k fgLlk ugÓ gß\ d`Eifu;kÍ ds` ckjs eÍ lgh tkud`kjh ^kIr d`jÍ vkSj rHh æs;j cktkj eÍ fuosæ d`jÍ\ lqj”k d`h n~fÆV ls fuosæ gesæk ,d` lksph-le>h j.uhfr ds` rgrΩ gksrk gS\ lcls ig¥s bl ckr d`k “;k¥ j[Í fd` æs;j cktkj eÍ tks f¥LVsM d`Eifu;k∑ gß] ds`o¥ mUgÓ eÍ iSls ¥xk,a\ Hkjr ds` 23 LVkWd` ,DlpÍt eÍ rd`jhcu 7 gtkj d`Eifu;k∑ jftLVMZ gß] fuosæ ds`o¥ bUgÓ d`Eifu;kÍ eÍ d`jÍ\ njvl¥ vuf¥LVsM d`Eifu;kÍ ds` æs;j [jhn–œ`jks“r d`jus ij vki æs;j cktkj }kjk ^nku d`h tkus ok¥h lqfo|kvkÍ rƒk lqj”k ds` gd`nkj ugÓ gksrs gß\ æs;j cktkj ds` fu;ekÍ ds` vUrxZr mlls tqÈMh reke d`Eifu;k∑ c∑|h jgrh gß] ¥sfd`u vuf¥LVsM d`Eifu;kÍ ij cktkj d`k d`ksbZ fu;e ¥kxw ugÓ gksrk\ blds` vfrfjâ` vuf¥LVsM d`Eifu;kÍ ds` æs;jkÍ ds` ewY; d`h lgh tkud`kjh Hh vf|d`kaær# mi¥C| ugÓ jgrh\ æs;j cktkj eÍ f¥LVsM d`Eifu;kÍ ij utj j[us d`k lcls mfpr rjhd`k lekpkj– i( rƒk baVjusV gS\ lf∂`; æs;j os gksrs gß] ftueÍ ¥xkrkj [jhn–œ`jks“r gksrh gS\ d`bZ ckj rks d`bZ d`Eifu;k∑ Î`f(e Ôi ls viuh lf∂`;rk fn[krh gß] exj ml d`Eiuh ds` ckjs eÍ fcuk O;kid` tk∑p–iÈMrk¥ ds` [jhn–œ`jks“r u d`jÍ\ lf∂`; æs;j eÍ fujUrj mNk¥–fxjko ns[us d`ks fe¥rs gß\ exj fufÆ∂`; æs;jkÍ eÍ ;k rks [jhn œ`jks“r gksrh gh ugÓ gS ;k fœ`j csgn d`e gksrh gS\ d`Hh–d`Hh lf∂`; æs;j Hh fufÆ∂`; izfr;ksfxrk niZ./viSz¥/2009/1585

æs;jkÍ d`h Js.h eÍ vk tkrs gß ;k fœ`j fufÆ∂`; æs;j Hh lf∂`; æs;j d`h Js.h eÍ vk ld`rs gß\ blf¥, æs;jkÍ ds` fujUrj mBrsfxjrs Hko ij iSuh utj j[uh tÔjh gS\ dq`N lhfer æs;j|kjd`kÍ ok¥h d`Eifu;kÍ eÍ Hh fuosæ ls cpuk pkfg,] D;kÍfd` bl rjg d`h d`Eifu;kÍ d`h lgh xq.o®k d`h tkud`kjh lkekU;r# ek¥we ugÓ gks ikrh rƒk ,slh d`Eifu;kÍ ds` æs;j d`k vl¥h ewY; Hh lansgkRed` gksrk gS\ vf|d`kaær# ,slh d`Eifu;kÍ ds` æs;jkÍ d`k ewY; tc ˜ij tkrk gS] rks d`kœ`h rsth ls vkSj mruh gh rsth ls bld`k ewY; uhps Hh vk fxjrk gS\ blf¥, lhfer æs;j|kjd`kÍ ok¥h d`Eifu;kÍ eÍ fuosæ d`h l¥kg cktkj foæs"K Hh ugÓ nsrs gß\ ;fn fœ`j Hh bu d`Eifu;kÍ eÍ fuosæ d`juk pkgrs gß] rks blds` f¥, æs;j cktkj d`h xgu tkud`kjh gksuh tÔjh gS\

æs;j cktkj ds` ckjs eÍ gkseodZ` ;fn vki æs;j cktkj eÍ fuosæ d`juk pkgrs gß ;k d`j pqds` gß] rks vkid`ks tYnh eÍ d`ksbZ œS`l¥k ¥sus ds` ctk; gkseodZ` d`juk tÔjh gS\ æs;j cktkj eÍ d`c d`kSulk æs;j [jhnuk gS rƒk d`kSulk æs;j cspuk gS= ;g fu.Z; d`kœ`h lksp-le>d`j ¥suk pkfg,\ [jhnnkjh rƒk fcd`ok¥h ds` œS`l¥s eÍ cktkj d`h rsth–eanh d`ks ÷;ku eÍ j[rs gq, ml lsDVj d`h ijœ`ksesÛl ij Hh utj j[uh pkfg,\ el¥u cktkj eÍ NkbÛ eanh eÍ vkid`ks d`ksbZ l¥kg nsrk gS fd` ;gh [jhnnkjh d`k lgh le; gS vkSj vkius æs;j [jhn f¥;k\ ckn eÍ cktkj rks lgh jkLrs ij p¥ iÈMs vkSj og lsDVj d`etksj iÈMus ¥xs] rks vkid`ks uqd`lku mBkuk iÈM ld`rk gS\ czksd`j vkSj czksds`t d`k pquko Hh fuosæd` d`ks lksp–le>d`j d`juk pkfg,\ czksd`j œ`eksÛ ds` œ`ksu vk, fnu vkrs jgrs gß\ muds` ikl <sjkÍ vkWœ`j jgrs gß\ cßd` Hh viuh czksds`t œ`eZ p¥krs gß\ blh ^d`kj NksVs Lrj ij lc czksd`j Hh d`ke d`jrs gß\ vkid`ks fd`lh nwjnjkt ds` czksd`j ds` ikl [krk [q¥okus ls iwoZ lkspuk pkfg, fd` vxj d`ksbZ leL;k vkbZ ;k pSd` ¥sus–nsus ;k fM¥hojh fL¥i nsus tkuk iÈMs] rks D;k vkids` ikl bruk le; gksxk= D;k czksd`j vkWu¥kbu lqfo|k nsrk gS= d`ehæu D;k ¥x jgk gS] vkid`ks D;k vkWœ`j gks jgk gS rƒk nwljs D;k d`ehæu ns jgs gß= d`ehæu d`h ckr H¥s gh NksVh ¥xs] exj ;g vkids` iSls d`ks |hjs–|hjs [krh gS\ d`e d`ehæu gksus ls lkSns jksVsV d`jus eÍ d`e [pkZ ¥xrk gS\ ;fn reke ckrkÍ ds` fo'¥s". ds` ckn vkius lkSnk [jhn f¥;k] rks mls cspus ls iwoZ dq`N fu;e Hh tku ¥sus pkfg,\ fM¥hojh

vkus ls ig¥s lkSnk csp nsus ls lkSnk vkWDæu gksus d`k [rjk jgrk gS\ vr# lkSnk ;k rks mlh fnu csp nÍ ;k fœ`j fM¥hojh rd` d`k bartkj d`jÍ\ V_sM–Vw–V_sM ds` lkSns mlh fnu ugÓ csps tk ld`rs\ Œ;wpj d`h ekdsZ`V f¥feV ikj gksus ij iSukYVh ¥xus d`k [rjk jgrk gS\ lkSnk cspus rƒk [jhnus eÍ ¥k∑x VeZ rƒk ækWVZ Vkbe dS`fiV¥ xsu VSDl d`k Hh “;k¥ j[uk pkfg,\ ,slk u gks fd` ckn eÍ irk p¥s fd` vkius ^kWfœ`V ls T;knk VSDl ns fn;k\ ●●● æs" i~ÆB 1582 d`k d`jds` jkÆV_ifr ds` nks ckj pqus tkus d`h vƒkZrΩ 10 o"Z rd` in ij jgus d`h vuqefr iznku d`jrk gS\ cks¥hfo;k eÍ u, lafo|ku u, ;qx d`k lw(ikr rks d`j fn;k gS] fd`Urq ml fnæk eÍ vkxs d`ne cÈku ;g lc la;qDr jkT; d`h vk∑[kÍ eÍ [Vd`rk gS\ vr# d`ksbZ vk'p;Z ugÓ fd` vejhd`k d`h ubZ fonsæ ea(h fg¥sjh fD¥aVu us cks¥hfo;k ds` fo:* ‘d`ÈMh dw`Vuhfrd`’ d`k;Zokgh ds` lads`r fn, gß\ cks¥hfo;k eÍ vejhd`h jktnwr xksYMcxZ d`k lEidZ` iwohZ izkUrkÍ ds` xouZjkÍ ls ƒk] ftlds` p¥rs mls nsæ ls fud`k¥uk iÈMk\ bl d`k;Zokgh d`k vejhd`h :[ ij vlj ugÓ iÈMk\ i¥Vokj d`jrs gq, mlus cks¥hfo;k ds` lkeku rƒk d`iÈMkÍ d`ks d`j eqDr vejhd`k eÍ vkus d`h tks NwV fe¥h ƒh] mls lekIr d`j fn;k\ blds` lkƒ gh eknd` inkƒksÛ ds` fu;U(. ds` uke ij Hh mlus cks¥hfo;k ij ncko cukus d`h uhfr viukbZ\ boks eksjk¥sl d`ks iw.Z fo'okl gS fd` viuh turk ds` lg;ksx ls og bu pqukSfr;kÍ d`k lœ`¥rkiwoZd` lkeuk d`j ¥Íxs\ ●●●

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lsok p;u cksMZ ,l\,l\ch\ D;k`=` dS`ls= vkSj D;kÍ`= lsok p;u cksMZ ds` lk”kRd`kj eÍ xq.kÍ d`k ewY;kad`u O;fDrRo ds` cgqr lkjs ikS:"h; xq. (Potential Personality traits) gksrs gß\ mueÍ ls ,d` ;k mlls vf|d` xq.kÍ ds` u gksus ls d`ksbZ Hh ^R;kæh viuh ;ksX;rk ^nfæZr d`jus ls oafpr gks tkrk gS\

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‘buœS`UV_h’ æCn ¥SfVu Hk"k ds` ‘buœS`UV’ æCn ls mRiUu gqvk gS] ftld`k vƒZ gksrk gS vcks|\ bUukslsUV (INNOCENT) æCn vaxzsth ds` vkB o.ksÛ ls fufeZr ns[us eÍ ¥?qd`k; ·NksVk‚ gS] ¥sfd`u bleÍ xgjk vƒZ fNik gqvk gS\ bl æCn ds` vƒZ eÍ iki] cqjkbZ ;k vijk| tSlk Hko vUrfuZfgr ugÓ gksrk gS\ vcks| voLƒk eÍ fd`;k x;k d`ksbZ d`k;Z ;k fopkj uSfrd`rk d`h n~fÆV ls x¥r ugÓ gksrk gS] og fuÆd`¥q" gksrk gS\ mleÍ d`ksbZ Hh vijk| d`jus ;k fd`lh d`ks viekfur d`jus d`h vijk| Hkouk Hh ugÓ gksrh gS\ vkWœs`Ul ‘OFFENCE’ æCn d`k vƒZ fufgrkƒZ gksrk gS d`ksbZ ,slh ckr d`guk ;k ,slk d`k;Z d`juk] tks ml Lƒku eÍ ml le; ds` ¥kxw d`kuwu ds` }kjk n≥Muh; gks\ vcks| fææq d`ksbZ vijk| ugÓ d`jrk gS\ og tkurk ugÓ gS fd` gkfud`kjd` d`kj. vkSj gkfud`kjd` ^Hko D;k gksrk gS`= blf¥, og fd`lh d`ks gkfu] vk?kr ;k pksV ugÓ igq∑pkrk gS vkSj u gh d`ksbZ x¥r d`ke d`jrk gS = og tkurk ugÓ gS fd` cqjkbZ D;k gksrh gS = blf¥, fd`lh Hh vijk| ;k pk¥kd`h ls jfgr thou xqtkjrk gS\ p;u ^.k¥h ;g pkgrh gS fd` lk”kRd`kj eÍ ml ^R;kæh d`k pquko fd`;k tk, ;k pquko ds` f¥, laLrqr fd`;k tk,] tks vcks| fææq d`h rjg lj¥] lgt vkSj vcks| gks\

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1586

lsok p;u cksMZ mi¥fC| ^kIrd`®kZ d`ks fpfÕr d`juk fuf'pr d`jrk gS fd`lh Hh mi¥fC| ^kIrd`®kZ (Achievers) d`h D;k ifjHk"k gS vkSj mi¥fC| ^kIrd`®kZ d`h lhek eÍ og dS`ls fœ`V fd`;k tk ld`rk gS`=

lalkj eÍ ^R;sd` txg ds`o¥ ew[Z ¥ksxkÍ d`ks fl[k;k] iÈ
O;k“;k ;k vƒZxzg. ,d` cgqr gh vkuUnnk;d` æSf”d` ,oa xq.kRed` lR; ?Vuk of.Zr d`jus d`k volj ¥suk pkgrk g∑w\ lsok p;u cksMZ Hksik¥ ds` lsokfuo~® eq“; oSKkfud` MkW\ oh\ lh\ flUgk ls ikfjokfjd` eq¥kd`kr ls

fonk ¥sus ds` i'pkrΩ iqÆid` V_su ds` ƒzh Vk;j ds` fMCcs eÍ ;k(k d`j jgk ƒk\ ;g ;k(k ¥[u˜ ds` f¥, esjh okilh ƒh\ mlh fMCcs eÍ ,d` ifjokj Hh ;k(k d`j jgk ƒk ftud`k ,d` rhu lk¥ d`k cPpk ƒk\ og cPpk cgqr gh œq`rhZ¥k vkSj fouksnh ƒk\ ,d`k,d` og fpY¥k mBk] ‘eEeh’ æwæw’] ftld`k er¥c ƒk mlus isækc d`j fn;k gS\ mlds` gko-Hko ls ,slk ¥xk fd` mlus d`ksbZ x¥rh d`j nh vkSj cÈMs gh Hks¥siu ls bækjk d`j jgk ƒk fd` mld`h pMΩMh cn¥ nh tk,\ mld`h ek∑ us mld`h pMΩMh cn¥ nh vkSj xUnh pMΩMh ls ml isækc d`h gqbZ txg d`ks lkœ` d`j fn;k\ ek∑ us vius csVs d`ks psrkouh nh fd` vc d`iÈMs cn¥us ds` ckn og æw-æw u d`js\ cPps us vius Hks¥siu ,oa fcuk N¥-d`iV ok¥s gko-Hko ls Lohd~`fr nh fd` og vc æw-æw ugÓ d`jsxk\ Bhd` ,d` ?≥Vs ds` ckn mlus fœ`j ig¥s d`h rjg ‘æw-æw’ d`j nh vkSj oSls gh gko-Hko ls iqu# pMΩMh cn¥us ds` f¥, viuh ek∑ ls bækjk d`j fn;k\ Bhd` mlh gko-Hko ,oa mlh Hks¥siu ls\ ek∑ us mlh rjg mld`h pMΩMh cn¥ d`j mlh isækc d`jus ok¥h txg d`h lœ`kbZ d`j nh vkSj iqu# vius csVs d`ks psrkouh Hh ns nh\ rhljh ckj fœ`j cPps us oSlk gh fd`;k rks ek∑ mls ekjus ¥xh\ eßus ^Hkfor ,oa

HkoukRed` gko-Hko ls mld`h ek∑ d`ks ,slk d`jus ls jksd`k vkSj d`gk fd` og u rks mls f>ÈMds` vkSj u gh ekjs rƒk muls d`gk] eSMe] cPps d`h rks ;g LoHkfod` vknr gksrh gS vkSj tc rd` cÈMk ugÓ gksrk] rc rd` ,slk gh d`jrk jgrk gS] D;kÍfd` ;g vHh vcks| vkSj uknku gS\ bl d`gkuh eÍ uhfrxr ckr ;g gS fd` ;fn vki j”k lsokvkÍ eÍ tkus ds` ^R;kæh gß] rks vki eÍ Bhd` ;gh xq. gksuk pkfg, fd` tks lgh ckr gks mls mlh cPps d`h rjg Lohd`kj d`j ¥Í\ mDr Lohd~`fr eÍ vius gko-Hko] nsg Hk"k] vk∑[kÍ ds` bækjs vkSj eq[ eqnzk ls lkS œ`hlnh O;atuk d`jÍ] ijUrq ckj-ckj ml cPps d`h rjg nksgjk, ugÓ\ ckj-ckj ,d` gh rjg d`h gjDd`r d`juk cPps d`k LoHko gksrk gS] ¥sfd`u vkids` p;u ^f∂`;k d`h ^.k¥h eÍ bld`k nksgjkuk vkid`h laLrqfr eÍ ck|d` cu tk,xk\ ;fn vki lsuk eÍ p;fur gks x, ,oa ftEesnkjh |kjd` gks x, rƒk nksgjkus d`h vknr ugÓ NksÈMs] rks vkid`k ;g nksgjkuk vuqæklughurk vkSj nqjkpj. cu ld`rk gS ;k cu tk,xk\ O;fDrRo ds` xq.kÍ d`h d`her d`ks ifj¥f”r d`jus ds` f¥, eß ;gk∑ lsok p;u cksMZ ds` ,d` lekiu Hk". d`k mY¥s[ d`juk pkgw∑xk\ ∏vf|d`rj ^R;kæh ;g ^'u ¥sd`j vkrs gß fd` fd`lh ^R;kæh eÍ ge d`kSulh xq.kRed` foæs"rk,a pkgrs gß\ la”si eÍ ;g d`gk tk ld`rk gS fd` ge ,sls O;fDr d`ks p;fur d`juk pkgrs gß] tks ekufld`] ækjhfjd`] euksoSKkfud` vkSj HkoukRed` n~fÆV ls iw.Zr;k larqf¥r gks\π gk∑] dq`N ”s( ,sls gS tgk∑ ge fu|kZfjr ekin≥M d`h lhek dq`N d`e d`j ld`rs gß tSls ækjhfjd` ne-[e d`h lhek] D;kÍfd` ;g ckr le> eÍ vkrh gS fd` vkt ds` vR;f|d` ^frLi|kZ ok¥s okrkoj. eÍ fo»kfƒZ;kÍ d`ks [s¥dw`n ,oa O;k;ke ds` f¥, cgqr d`e le; fe¥ ikrk gS\ Bhd` mlh ^d`kj ;fn d`ksbZ v˙;ƒhZ Bhd` ;k vPNh vaxzsth ugÓ cks¥ ikrk gS rks og vkxs ;k ckn eÍ cks¥us d`k ^;Ru ,oa v˙;kl d`j ld`rk gS\ bu d`k;ksÛ d`ks lEiUu d`jus ds` f¥, vd`knfe;k∑ (Academies) gß] ¥sfd`u O;fDrRo ds` dq`N ,sls xq. gß] tks ;fn vki eÍ ugÓ gß] rks fœ`j bueÍ d`ksbZ
blf¥, ;g vko';d` ,oa egRoiw.Z gks tkrk gS fd` ‘O;fDrRo vkSj xq.o®k’ nksukÍ d`ks gh ifjHkf"r fd`;k tk,\ O;fDrRo ds` xq.kÍ d`h foæs"rkvkÍ eÍ lcls O;kid` tks foæs"rk gS og gS ækjhfjd`] blls Hh csgrj O;fDrRo d`h fofæÆV foæs"rkvkÍ eÍ ækfe¥ og ew¥ ^o~f® gS tks fd`lh oLrq ;k O;fDr ds` ew¥Hwr LoHko d`k fuekZ. d`jrh gS ;k mld`h vfrfjDr ,oa fofæÆV xq.kÍ d`h foæs"rkvkÍ eÍ ls ,d` gksrh gS\ el¥u ”ek d`jus d`k xq. ;k lgk;rk d`jus d`k xq. ;k viuh d`fe;kÍ/x¥fr;kÍ d`ks Lohd`kj d`jrs gq, mls d`cw¥ d`jus d`k xq. pkgs ;s xq. Lo;a ds` f¥, gks ;k nwljs ds` f¥,\ ;s gh foæs"rk,a O;fDrRo ds` xq.kÍ d`ks mtkxj d`jrs gq, p;u ^.k¥h ds` ekin≥M eÍ ^foÆV d`jkrh gß vkSj vkids` O;fDrRo ds` vU; xq.kÍ d`ks iksf"r] fod`flr] lapkf¥r d`jrs gq, ^nfæZr d`jkrh gß\ ;gk∑ æCn xq. (Property) ml fd`lh foæs"rk ij ¥kxw gksrk gS tks mld`h vfuok;Z ^d~`fr (Nature) ds` d`kj. fd`lh ckr ls lEcfU|r gksrh gS ;k fd`lh foæs" O;fDrRo ds` xq. ds` Ôi eÍ ^Lœq`fVr gksrh gS\ mnkgj. ds` f¥, ‘¥ph¥kiu jcj d`k xq.’ gksrk gS\ ;gh lkjh ckrÍ fd`lh Hh O;fDr ds` O;fDrRo eÍ vkxs p¥d`j mlds` vPNs pfj( d`k fuekZ. d`jrh gß\ tgk∑ rd` pfj( d`ks ifjHkf"r d`jus d`k eqnΩnk gS\ pfj( fd`lh O;fDr] oxZ] ^tkfr vkfn ds` oSfæÆV; ;k fo¥”.rk ^nfæZr d`jus d`k ,d` oSKkfud` ;k vkSipkfjd` ifjHkf"d` æCn gS\ bls vkuqoafæd` foæs"rk d`k uke Hh fn;k tk ld`rk gS\ mnkgj. ds` f¥, fæ”d` lnSo n;k¥q gksrs gß\ cknækg ækgtgk∑ ds` æklud`k¥ d`ks ge Lo.Z;qx d`grs gß\ jktk fo∂`ekfnR; ds` æklud`k¥ d`ks U;k;-;qx d`h laKk nh tkrh gS\ ohj tkfr;k∑ lnSo ;ks*k gksrh gß\ mi;q Z D r d`k rkRi;Z ;g gS fd` O;fDrRo ds` xq.kÍ d`k lap;u ;k ^næZu bl ^d`kj gksuk pkfg, tSls fæ”d` d`h rjg ls gh n;k¥w gksuk\ ækgtgk∑ ds` æklud`k¥ tSlk gh Lo.Z;qx\ fo∂`ekfnR; d`k U;k;-f^; æklu tSlk ;qx\ ohj tkfr;k∑ tSls ;q* d`kSæ¥ d`k ^næZu d`jrh gß oSlk gh ^næZu\ bUgÓ ^d`kj ds` O;fDrRo ds` xq.kÍ d`k ^næZu gh p;u ^.k¥h vius ekin≥M eÍ ek∑xrh gS\ O;fDrRo ds` fofæÆV xq.kÍ eÍ ;g foæs"rk gksrh gS tSls O;fDrRo ds` xq.kÍ d`h ,d` foæs"rk gS nkf;Ro d`h ftEesnkjh Lo;a d`h ftEesnkjh pkgs vius Lo;a ds` f¥,] nwljs ds` f¥,] lekt] laLƒk] nsæ ds` f¥,\ bld`k fo'¥s". ;g gS fd` fd`lh Hh d`k;Z d`ks d`jus d`h ftEesnkjh ;fn fd`lh O;fDr d`ks nh tk,]

rks fcuk fd`lh vuqLekjd` ds` og ml d`k;Z d`ks ær ^frær iw.Z d`js vkSj ftEesnkjh nkrk ls T;knk ftEesnkjh ls ml d`k;Z d`ks fuHk, rkfd` HfoÆ; eÍ mld`ks fd`lh Hh ^d`kj d`h ftEesnkjh nsus eÍ ftEesnkjh nsus ok¥s d`ks fd`lh Hh ^d`kj d`h d`ksbZ vkæad`k ;k nqfo|k u gks\ mnkgj. ds` f¥, loZleƒZrk bZ'oj d`k ,d` ,slk foæs" xq . gS tks vleƒZrk d`h fLƒfr eÍ Hh blh xq. d`k ^næZu d`jrk gS vkSj d`jsxk Hh vkSj ,sls gh ^næZu d`h mlls vkæk d`h tkrh gS\ Bhd` blh ^d`kj ;fn vki eÍ Lo;a d`h ftEesnkjh ds` xq. gß] rks vkid`ks d`ksbZ Hh ftEesnkjh nh tk ld`rh gS vkSj vki vius LoHko ds` vuqlkj ml ftEesnkjh d`ks iw.Z d`j nÍxs\ mDr ^d`kj d`h fofæÆVrk vkids` O;fDrRo ds` ftEesnkjh ok¥s xq. eÍ ifjHkf"r gks tk,xh vkSj p;u ^.k¥h d`k ;gh ekin≥M gS\ lTtuks] lsok p;u cksMZ d`ksbZ Li|kZ ugÓ gS] tgk∑ ij ,d`-nwljs ls d`ksbZ Li|kZ d`jrk gS\ ;gk∑ ij tks Hh ijh”. ,oa ewY;kad`u gksrk gS mld`h Ôijs[k cÈMs oSKkfud` ,oa fo'¥s".kRed` vk|kj ij bl
egRoiw.Z O;fDrRo ds` xq. (Traits) lgk;rk d`jus d`k LoHko



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{ lek;kstu ,oa lg;ksx d`h Hkouk

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lad`VgrkZ LoHko

ftEesnkjh ¥sus d`k LoHko

rel="nofollow">wB ls ?~.k

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le>kSrkijLrh

lad`Vd`k¥ eÍ lkgl ls dw`n iÈMuk vkSj leL;k d`k lek|ku d`juk

„ vuqækluf^;rk

blds` vfrfjDr O;fDrRo ds` dq`N vkSj xq. (Traits) gksrs gß%;ƒk

{ vPNk Jksrk | ^sjd` } mRlkgh ’ la?"Zæh¥  pqukSrh ,oa ftEesnkjh ” ifjJeh • opuc* ‚ laosnuæh¥ ,oa Lohd`kj d`juk

gkfl¥d`rkZ/gkfl¥ d`jus ok¥k ;k ‘Achiever’ d`h ifjHk"k ,oa mlds` xq. dS`ls mRiUu fd`, tk,a = ekuo l˙;rk ds` vkjEH ls gh mi¥fC| ^kIr d`jus ok¥s/gkfl¥ d`jus ok¥s ;k ‘Achievers’ d`ks lEeku fe¥rk jgk gS] muds` Lokxr ds` lkƒ-lkƒ mUgÍ ekU;rk Hh fe¥rh jgh gS\ ;gk∑ rd` fd` muds` thou d`ks JsÆB ekuk tkrk jgk gS vkSj mUgÍ ljkguk Hh ^kIr gksrh jgh gS vkSj ;gk∑ rd` fd` xq.kRed` ftUnxh ,oa ^æaluh;rk bUgÓ d`ks ^kIr gksrh jgh gS\ d`ksbZ Hh O;fDr ;gk∑ rd` fd` ^R;sd` O;fDr ftUnxh ds` fd`lh Hh ”s( eÍ d`ksbZ Hh mi¥fC| ^kIrd`rkZ cu ld`rk gS\ ;gk∑ rd` fd` ^R;sd` O;fDr Hh ,slk d`jus eÍ ”erk gkfl¥ d`j ld`rk gS\ læL( c¥kÍ ds` ifjokj eÍ ;k muds` laxBu eÍ ,sls gh mi¥fC| ^kIrd`rkZvkÍ d`ks ækfe¥ fd`;k tkrk gS\ j”k-d`k;ksÛ d`h ek∑x vkSj ifjHk"k ds` vUrxZr fuEukafd`r ^d`kj ds` ^R;kfæ;kÍ d`ks gh mi¥fC| ^kIrd`rkZ ekuk tk ld`rk gS\ vkxs fn;k gqvk fooj. ;g lads`r nsxk ,oa lanfHZr d`jsxk fd` ;s vf|d`kjh ok¥s xq. dS`ls fod`flr ,oa x~ghr fd`, tk ld`rs gß\

mi¥fC|d`rkZ/^kIrd`rkZ eÍ ifjHkf"r foæs"rk,a ,oa xq. ;g ewY;kad`u d`rkZvkÍ d`h ftEesnkjh gksrh gS fd` os mi¥fC|d`rkZ ds` ewY;kad`u ds` f¥, muls ^'u iwNÍ\ ifjfLƒfrtU; d`k;ksÛ eÍ ¥xkd`j muls mid`j.kÍ d`k ^;ksx d`jk,a vkSj muds` ^ek.-i( rƒk vU; izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1588

tkxÔd`

d`kxtkr ns[Í\ blds` lkƒ gh lkƒ ifjfLƒfr;qDr leL;kvkÍ ,oa ck|kvkÍ eÍ mud`ks ^osæ d`jkd`j muds` ifjfLƒfrtU; cqf*e®k d`ks ij[Í\ rhu xq.kÍ ds` iw.Zr;k vkf|iR; ,oa bu rhu xq.kÍ ds` ^;ksxkRed` ^;ksx ,oa ¥kxw d`jus d`h ^o~f® j[us ok¥s v˙;fƒZ;kÍ ,oa ^R;kfæ;kÍ d`ks mi¥fC|d`rkZ/ ^kIrd`rkZ d`h ifjHk"k eÍ Lokxrh; rkSjrjhds` ls ækfe¥ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ ;s rhu xq. fuEukafd`r gß% ;s rhu xq. gß # n~È< fu'p;

}

m®jnkf;Ro d`h Hkouk

| { `d`kjxj] O;kogkfjd` ,oa d`k;Zdq`æ¥ cqf*e®k

·d`‚ fæ”k ;k æSf”d` ”s( eÍ 55% ;k blls vf|d` vad` ^kIr d`jus ok¥s ^R;kæh mi¥fC| ^kIrd`rkZ d`h Js.h eÍ vk ld`rk gS] cærsZ fd` æSf”d` mi¥fC|;kÍ ds` lkƒlkƒ [s¥dw`n vkSj vU; d`k;Zd`¥kikÍ eÍ Hh mUgkÍus mi¥fC|;k∑ ^kIr d`h gkÍ\ ·[‚ ml ^R;kæh d`ks Hh mi¥fC| d`rkZ ekuk tk ld`rk gS] ftlus fæ”k eÍ 50% ls vf|d` vad` vftZr fd`, gkÍ rƒk ∂`hÈMk ;k [s¥dw`n ds` ”s( eÍ vƒok vU; xfrfof|;kÍ eÍ JsÆB mi¥fC|;k∑ ^kIr d`h gkÍ\ ·x‚ os ^R;kæh Hh ^kIrd`rkZ cu ld`rs gß ftUgÍ fæ”k ds` ”s( eÍ 70% ls

vf|d` vad` fe¥s gkÍ vkSj mUgÍ ∂z`hÈMk/[s¥dw`n rƒk fæ”.s®j d`k;Zd`¥ki eÍ lkekU; Lrj d`h mi¥fC|;k∑ ^kIr gqbZ gkÍ\ ·?‚ og ^R;kæh Hh ^kIrd`rkZ cu ld`rs gß] ftUgkÍus fæ”k eÍ 85% vkSj 95% ds` chp vad` vftZr fd`, gkÍ] fd`Urq mUgÍ [s¥dw`n vkSj rRlEcU|h xfrfof|;kÍ eÍ O;kogkfjd` fn¥pLih gks rƒk volj d`h ek∑x ij mUgÍ vfHO;Dr d`jus d`h ”erk gks\ mi;qZDr of.Zr rhu xq.] tks ^kIrd`rkZ/ mi¥fC|d`rkZ cukus eÍ l”e gß\ bu rhukÍ xq.kÍ d`k ;fn ^kIrd`rkZ cuus eÍ ;ksxnku gS vkSj j”k lsok ds` p;u ^.k¥h d`h ^f∂`;k ds`o¥ ^kIrd`rkZvkÍ d`ks gh p;fur d`jrh gS rks D;kÍ u bu rhu xq.kÍ d`ks gkfl¥ d`j f¥;k tk,\ vc ^'u gS fd` bu rhu xq.kÍ d`ks dS`ls gkfl¥ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS vkSj bls dS`ls ifjHkf"r fd`;k tk ld`rk gS rƒk bls dS`ls lkfcr fd`;k tk ld`rk gS = lcls ig¥s ge ^ƒe n~ Æ V;k O;kogkfjd`] d`kjxj vkSj d`k;Zdq`æ¥ ^Hkoh cqf*e®k d`ks ¥srs gß\ ;g xq. laxBu rRo d`k ^ƒe xq. gS\ vkb, ig¥s ge laxBu rRo d`ks ifjHkf"r d`jÍ mlds` i'pkrΩ ge ^Hkoh cqf*e®k d`ks ifjHkf"r d`jÍxs\

^ƒe d`kjd` laxBu rRo (Factor organising) vkSj bls cqf*e®k rRo (Factor intelligence) Hh d`grs gß laxBu rRo d`h ifjHk"k%∏d`ksbZ Hh O;fDr ;k v˙;ƒhZ fd`lh foæs" ifjfLƒfr ds` lek|ku ,oa mls gSUM¥ (Handle ;k Tackle) d`jus ds` f¥, vius efLrÆd` d`k dS`ls ^;ksx d`jrk gS = mDr ds` f¥, ekufld` x.uk (Mental Mathematics) blds` ^;ksx vkSj lœ`¥re mi¥fC| ds` f¥, lgk;d` gksrh gS\π vc ge laxBu rRo ds` pkj lEcfU|r ;k la¥Xu xq.kÍ d`ks ns[rs gß # laxBu rRo (Factor Organising) Or

rRo cqf*e®k (Factor Intelligence)

{ ^Hkoh cqf*e®k

} laxBu d`h ”erk

| rdZ` d`jus d`h ”erk ;k rdZ` foosd`

’ vfHO;fDr ”erk

pw∑fd` ^kIrd`rkZ d`h mi¥fC| ^kIr d`jus ok¥s xq. d`ks mtkxj d`jus eÍ ,oa ifjfLƒfrtU; okrkoj. eÍ mlds` d`kjxj ,oa ^Hkoh ^;ksx d`jus eÍ mDr xq. d`k gh ^ƒe mi;ksx gS blf¥, ge bls ^ƒe n~ÆV;k ifjHkf"r d`jrs gß% ^Hkoh cqf*e®k d`k iwjk uke gS O;kogkfjd`] d`kjxj vkSj d`k;Zdq`æ¥ cqf*e®k

^Hkoh cqf*e®k vƒkZrΩ O;kogkfjd`] d`kjxj vkSj d`k;Zdq`æ¥ cqf*e®k

ckSf*d` ”erk] lk|u lEiUurk ,oa O;kogkfjd` leL;kvkÍ ds` LorU( lek|ku gkfl¥ d`jus d`h ”erk d`ks fod`flr d`jrh gS\ okafNr ifj.ke ^kIr d`jus ds` f¥, ;g ”erk mi¥C| lalk|ukÍ d`k leqfpr ^;ksx d`juk fl[krh gS\ lad`V d`h fLƒfr eÍ bl ”erk d`k nks ”s(kÍ eÍ mi;ksx fd`;k tk ld`rk gS%

{ lek|ku d`h rqjUr O;oLƒk d`jus eÍ

| lek|ku r¥kæus eÍ

bl fofæÆV xq. d`ks ckSf*d` ;ksX;rk ds` uke ls v¥ad~`r fd`;k tk ld`rk gS tks fd`lh O;fDr ds` thou eÍ Bksl ,oa mRd~`ÆV fd`lh Hh ^kIrd`rkZ ,oa mi¥fC|d`rkZ ifj.ke nsus eÍ vxz.h Hwfed`k fuHkrh gS\ ;k gkfl¥d`rkZ d`ks mlds` vkd`f¥r fæ[j O;kogkfjd` cqf*e®k (Practical intelli- rd` igq∑pkus eÍ ;ksxnku nsus ok¥k nwljk gence) and Practical Effective and xq. (Quality) gS m®jnkf;Ro d`h Hkouk Efficient Intelligence) d`ks O;kogkfjd` (Sense of Responsibility). Ôi ls ifjHkf"r d`jus ds` f¥, gekjs ikl ds`o¥ ,d` gh mik; ,oa lalk|u gS\ m®jnkf;Ro d`h Hkouk (Sense of blds` f¥, geÍ nks ,d` gh mez ds` ,d` gh Responsibility) ;ksX;rk ds` ,oa ,d` gh ifjosæ eÍ i¥s gq, vius d`k;Z ds` nkf;Ro ds` vfrfjDr O;fDr;kÍ d`ks [ÈMk d`juk iÈMsxk\ ;fn ge tkd`j d`k;Z d`jus d`h ^f∂`;k m®jnkf;Ro nks O;fDr;kÍ d`ks [ÈMk d`jrs gß] rks geÍ ;g d`h ifjHk"k eÍ vkrh gS\ m®jnkf;Ro d`h vkad`f¥r d`juk iÈMsxk fd` bu nks O;fDr;kÍ Hkouk fd`lh Hh d`k;kZ¥;h; in ;k mez ls d`k ckSf*d` Lrj dS`lk gS = ;g tkuus ds` lEcfU|r ugÓ gS\ ,d` v|huLƒ d`”k f¥, ckSf*d` ijh”. (I.Q.) d`h lgk;rk d`k fo»kƒhZ vius ofjÆB d`”k ds` ofjÆB ¥suh iÈMsxh\ fœ`j mDr ijh”. ds` ckn lgikBh ls T;knk ftEesnkjh d`h Hkouk ,d` O;fDr nwljs ls JsÆBrj ;k m®e gks ifj¥f”r/^nfæZr d`j ld`rk gS\ ftEesnkjh ld`rk gS vkSj bl vUrj d`ks gh ge d`h Hkouk d`h lcls cÈMh foæs"rk ;g gS d`kjxj ,oa ^Hkoh rƒk O;kogkfjd` fd` ;g fd`lh Hh O;fDr] tkfr vkfn eÍ cqf*e®k d`grs gß\ ^kƒfed` cqf*] ew¥ d`ksbZ Hh HsnHko ugÓ d`jrh\ fd`lh vkSj cqf* (Basic Intelligence) og ”erk d`ksbZ Hh O;fDr d`ks mlds` m®jnkf;Ro gksrh gS] tks nks oLrqvkÍ ,oa d`kjd`kÍ ds` fuokZg d`jus d`h O;kogkfjd`rk d`k ewY;kad`u lEcU|kÍ d`ks lgh-lgh ns[ ¥srh gS ;k d`jus ds` i'pkrΩ mld`h fMxzh ;k ekin≥M vewrZ lksp fopkj d`j ¥srh gS] ijUrq d`k vkd`¥u ;fn 100 vad`kÍ ds` ^frær eÍ O;kogkfjd`] d`kjxj ,oa ^Hkoh cqf* eÍ O;kogkfjd` cqf* (Practical Intelligence) Hh ækfe¥ gksrh gS\ ^Hkoh] d`kjxj ,oa dq`æ¥ cqf*e®k ds` okLrfod` ijh”. ;k ewY;kad`u d`jus ds` f¥, nks ¥ÈMds` tks ,d` gh ;ksX;rk] ifjosæ] æS”f.d` ,oa ekufld` Lrj ds` gkÍ] d`ks ,d` gh ^;ksxkRed` ifjfLƒfrtU; leL;k eÍ Mk¥k tk, ;k ^osæ d`jk;k tk, vkSj nksukÍ d`ks ,d` gh tSlk lalk|u ;k mid`j. nsd`j] le; lhek ds` vUnj muls O;kogkfjd` lek|ku fud`¥ok;k tk,] rks tks ¥ÈMd`k lad`Vd`k¥hu fLƒfr eÍ fcuk ?cÈMk, lek|ku ig¥s fud`k¥ ns vkSj ,d` lek|ku ds` v¥kok vU; lek|ku Hh nsus eÍ lœ`¥ jgs rƒk lkƒ gh lkƒ ^frjks|d` ”erk/æfDr (Resistance Power) d`k;e j[s\ ,sls ¥ÈMds` d`ks d`gk tk,xk fd` mlds` ikl ^Hkoh] d`kjxj ,oa dq`æ¥ cqf*e®k gS\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1589

fd`;k tk, rks ;g ifj¥f”r gks tk,xk fd` mlds` vUnj ftEesnkjh d`h Hkouk gS ;k ugÓ vkSj ;fn gS rks fd`rus ^frær vkSj fd`l lhek rd``= lkekftd` ifjosæ eÍ ,d` O;fDr d`h Hw f ed`k mld`ks ftEes n kj ukxfjd` cuus eÍ ;k mld`ks ^f∂`;k ls oafpr d`j ld`rh gS\ ;g mlds` lkekftd` ifjosæ ,oa ^d~`fr d`ks fuf'pr d`jrh gS\ vkb, mnkgj. ds` f¥, ge ns[rs gß fd` ;fn d`ksbZ Hh O;fDr fd`lh lHkxkj d`ks NksÈMus ds` ig¥s mleÍ t¥rh gqbZ jksæuh ,oa ia[kÍ d`ks cUn d`jrk gS vkSj Bhd` mlh ^d`kj flusek gk¥ ds` vfUre ^næZu ;k æks ds` ckn ;fn blh ^d`kj d`h ^;ksxkRed` O;kogkfjd`rk d`k ^næZu d`jrs gq, jksæuh ,oa ia[kÍ d`ks cUn d`jrk gS rks mls d`gk tkrk gS fd` og ftEesnkjh d`h Hkouk d`k fuokZg d`j jgk gS\ ,d` O;fDr tks vius okgu d`k mfpr ekin≥M eÍ j[j[ko d`jrk gS] mld`h lœ`kbZ d`jrk gS rƒk le;kuqlkj mlds` ¥qfczds`æu d`ks Bhd` j[rk gS rks mlds` okgu ds` ^fr mld`h ftEesnkjh d`h Hkouk ifj¥f”r gksrh gS\ p∑wfd` ftEesnkjh d`h Hkouk ,d` ,slk egRoiw.Z xq. gS fd` vds`¥s ;g euqÆ; eÍ ,oa fd`lh Hh v˙;ƒhZ eÍ lkjs vf|d`kjh ok¥s xq.kÍ d`ks fod`flr d`jus eÍ l”e gS\ ;gk∑ ij ,d` ∂s`u d`k eß mnkgj. nsuk Js;Ld`j le>w∑xk\ ∂s`u fd`lh Hh fxjs gq, okgu d`ks cgqr uhps ls mBkd`j ˜ij ¥krk gS\ Bhd` mlh ^d`kj ftEesnkjh d`k nkf;Ro lkjs vœ`lj ok¥s xq.kÍ d`ks mBk ld`rk gS] fod`flr d`j ld`rk gS pkgs os xq. lrg ds` fd`rus Hh uhps D;kÍ u gkÍ\ vc eß xSj ftEesnkjkuk d`k;ksÛ d`k Hh mnkgj. nsuk pkgw∑xk\ ,d` v÷;kid` tks vius fæÆ;kÍ d`ks gkseodZ` [qn nsd`j mld`ks ewY;kafd`r ugÓ d`jrk vkSj ,d` vf|d`kjh vius `LVkœ` `ds`

le; d`h ikcUnh d`h ijokg ugÓ d`jrk rƒk d`k;kZ¥;h; LVsæujh ds` viO;; ij jksd` ugÓ ¥xkrk rks ,slh ifjfLƒfr eÍ ,sls ¥ksxkÍ d`ks xSj-ftEesnkj d`gk tk,xk\ ;fn vki pquko ds` nkSjku viuk ernku ugÓ d`jrs rks Bhd` mlh ^d`kj vki xSjftEesnkj d`gs tk,axs tSls ,d` x~fg.h d`ks vius ?j ds` j[j[ko Bhd` rjhds` ls u d`jus ij vkjks f ir fd`;k tkrk gS \ ftEesnkjh d`h Hkouk d`k ew¥r# cgqr gh cÈMk ”s( gS vkSj d`ksbZ Hh O;fDr] lekt] laLƒk ;k nsæ blds` vHko eÍ u d`Hh fod`flr gqvk gS vkSj u gksxk\ j”k lsukvkÍ eÍ bld`h d`eh ;k bld`k u ik;k tkuk buds` p;u ^.k¥h }kjk fd`lh Hh d`her ij cnkZLr ugÓ fd`;k tkrk gS\ ^;ksxkRed` Ôi ls ftEesnkjh d`k nkf;Ro ;k Hkouk nks oLrqvkÍ ij vk|kfjr gS% MΩ;wVh d`h Hkouk

{

vuqæklu d`h Hkouk

|

(1) MΩ;wVh d`rZO; d`h Hkouk%fcuk fd`lh ekU;rk ^kIr d`jus d`h bPNk ;k iqjLd`kj ikus d`h ijokg fd`, fcuk lad`fYir gksd`j fo'oluh; rjhds` ls vius ofjÆB ,oa vius ls cÈMs vf|d`kjh ds` funsZækuqlkj d`k;Z d`jus d`ks MΩ;wVh d`h Hkouk d`grs gß\ laLƒk ds` fgr eÍ d`k;Z lEiUu d`jus ds` i'pkrΩ ^kIr ifj.kekÍ ls ^lUurk ifj¥f”r gksrh gS\ MΩ;wVh d`jus d`h Hkouk euksoSKkfud`h; n~fÆV eÍ ^R;sd` rRo d`ks ækfe¥ d`jrh gS\ tSls n~fÆVd`ks.] lwpuk ^kIr d`juk] Hkouk ;k laosnuk rƒk f∂`;k d`juk\ MΩ;wVh d`h Hkouk d`k fod`flr Ôi mld`h ikjnfæZrk ls ifj¥f”r gksrk gS\ vr# ,d` d`eZpkjh] vf|d`kjh ls ;g vis”k d`h tkrh gS fd` og vius MΩ;wVh ·d`k;Z‚ ds` lkjs ig¥qvkÍ] fu;ekÍ] fo|kukÍ d`ks rRijrk ls rS;kj j[sxk ftlls vius d`k;Z d`ks xq.kRed` Ôi ns lds`\ (2) vuqæklu d`h Hkouk%^fæ”.h; Hkouk ,oa laosnuk ds` lkƒ-lkƒ læDr Ôi ls fu;ekÍ] fo|kvkÍ ,oa ijEijkvkÍ d`k ik¥u d`juk vuqæklu d`h Hkouk d`ks ifjHkf"r d`jrk gS\ mDr Hkouk vkRefu;U(. d`ks iSnk d`jrh gS vkSj ;g vkRefu;U(. ,d` O;fDr d`ks lkekftd` ifjosæ eÍ lkekU; jhfr-fjoktkÍ] cU|ukÍ ,oa lkekftd` ekin≥M eÍ j[rk gS\ vuqæklu d`k lcls cÈMk ijh”. ,oa ewY;kad`u gS fd`lh Hh O;fDr d`ks d`ksbZ d`k;Z ;k m®jnkf;Ro nsus ij mlds` mDr d`k;Z d`jus ds` le; d`ksbZ Hh mld`k vf|d`kjh ;k ofjÆB mld`ks

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1590

fu;fU(r u d`js vkSj u ekxZnfæZr d`js\ ;fn og LorU( Ôi ls mDr d`k;Z d`ks 100% iwjk d`jrk gS] rks ;g LiÆV gks tk,xk fd` mlds` vUnj vuqæklu d`h Hkouk gS\ eß ,d` mnkgj. nsuk pkgw∑xk\ ;fn pkSjkgs ij iqf¥l ok¥s ds` lkeus ¥k¥ c®h gksus ij :d`rs gß rks ;g MΩ;wVh eÍ vk,xk ;k vuqæklu (Discipline) eÍ vk,xk] ¥sfd`u fcuk ;krk;kr iqf¥l ds` ;fn vki ¥k¥ c®h ns[us ij [ÈMs gks tkrs gß] rks vkieÍ vuqæklu d`h Hkouk (Sense of Discipline) gS\ ftEesnkjh ds` nkf;Ro ds` ˜ij] vkxs eß cgqr foLr~r Ôi ls O;k“;k nw∑xk ftleÍ mld`k egRo] nk;jk rƒk euqÆ; ,oa fd`lh v˙;ƒhZ d`ks ftUnxh ds` fd`l mRd`"Z rd` igq∑pk ld`rh gS\ (3) n~È< lad`Yi (Determination)% ¥ksx vlœ`¥rk ij fofHUu ^d`kj d`h ^frf∂`;k nækZrs gß\ dq`N ¥ksxkÍ d`k la?"Z lœ`¥rk rd` tkjh jgrk gS vkSj dq`N ¥ksx oSd`fYid` mˆs'; d`h rjœ` n~fÆV Mk¥uk ^kjEH d`j nsrs gß vkSj cgqr lkjs ¥ksx vius mˆs'; d`ks NksÈM nsrs gß\ n~È< lad`Yi ;k lad`Yi d`h Hkouk ,d` ,slk xq. gS] tks d`Hh Hh vkSj fd`lh Hh ifjfLƒfr eÍ grkæ gksuk ;k chp eÍ NksÈMuk ugÓ fl[krk gS\ tc vkxs cÈ
cgknqjh ;k ohjrk ds` xq. HrZ~gfj ds` vuqlkj ·tks ,d` d`fo] næZuækL(h vkSj ;ksxh ƒs] ;ksxh ls mTtSuh ds` jktk cus‚ rhu ^d`kj ds` ¥ksx bl nqfu;k eÍ jgrs gß\ ^ƒe fuEu Lrj] f}rh; e÷; Lrj vkSj r~rh; mPp Lrj\ fuEu Lrj ds` ¥ksx vlœ`¥ gksus ds` Mj ls d`k;Z ^kjEH gh ugÓ d`jrs\ e÷; Lrj ds` ¥ksx d`k;Z rks ^kjEH d`jrs gß] ¥sfd`u ;s ¥ksx ck|k,a vkus ij d`k;Z d`ks e÷;karj eÍ NksÈM nsrs gß] ¥sfd`u egkuΩ os ¥ksx gß tks d`k;Z d`ks reke ck|kvkÍ ds` vkus ds` i'pkrΩ u d`k;Z d`ks jksd`rs gß u ck|kvkÍ ls ?cÈMkrs gß] cfYd` lœ`¥rk ds` mPp fæ[j rd` igq∑prs gß\

n~È< lad`Yi d`k vfH^k; ^;kstu d`ks fu|kZfjr d`jus ds` mˆs'; d`h rjœ` lads`r d`jrk gS] lkƒ gh lkƒ ekufld` ÷;ku ds ` fUnz r d`jus ,oa læDr cukus eÍ egRoiw.Z Hwfed`k vnk d`jrk gS\ blds` vfrfjDr vkUrfjd` ^sj.k æfDr ,d` O;fDr ds` fu|kZj. d`jus ds` Lrj d`ks Hh of.Zr d`jrh gS\ ;g ,d` ,slh ”erk gS]

tks ,d` O;fDr d`ks ncko ,oa vkikrd`k¥hu fLƒfr eÍ d`k;Z d`jus d`h ”erk d`k Hh »ksrd` gksrh gS\ mi¥fC| ^kIrd`rkZ d`h ifjHk"k d`ks ifjHkf"r d`jus ds` f¥, okafNr rhukÍ xq.kÍ d`k peRd`kj

{

|

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Practical, Effective & Efficient Intelligence

Sense of Responsibility

^;ksxkRed`] d`kjxj ,oa ^Hkoh cqf*e®k

m®jnkf;Ro d`h Hkouk

Determination

n~È< lad`Yi

lalkj ds` ^R;sd` lœ`¥re O;fDr us vo'; bu rhukÍ xq.kÍ d`k ^;ksx fd`;k gS\ pkgs bu rhukÍ xq.kÍ d`k ^;ksx mlus tkus eÍ fd`;k gks ;k vutkus eÍ ¥sfd`u fcuk bu rhukÍ xq.kÍ ds` lœ`¥re ^;ksx ds` fd`lh Hh O;fDr us lœ`¥rk ^kIr d`h gS vkSj u d`j ld`rk gS\ tgk∑ rd` bu xq.kÍ ds` x~ghr d`jus d`k lok¥ gS] blds` f¥, fd`lh Hh foæs" ;ks X ;rk] okrkoj.] ifjos æ ] |u d`h vko';d`rk ugÓ gksrh gS] cfYd` blds` f¥, ,d` mi;qDr Lƒku rƒk ;ksX; ekxZnæZd` d`h vko';d`rk gS\ bu rhukÍ xq.kÍ d`ks lgh x~ghr] ^nfæZr ,oa ifj.ke nsd`j lkfcr d`jus ok¥s d`k ,d` ltho mnkgj. nsuk pkgw∑xk\ ;g mnkgj. vkid`ks ds`o¥ lh[ gh ugÓ nsxk ojuΩ vkids``efLrÆd` eÍ ,d` fpuxkjh iSnk d`jrs gq, bruk ^sfjr (Motivate) d`j ns x k ftlls vkid`h læL( lsukvkÍ eÍ vf|d`kjh dS`Mj eÍ tkus d`h bPNk ds`o¥ ^c¥ gh ugÓ ojuΩ æfDræk¥h gks tk,xh\ ft¥k eSuiqjh m\ ^\ d`k ,d` vYi fod`flr ft¥k gS\ ogk∑ ds` vfod`flr ukx¥k xk∑o ftld`k iwjk uke ukx¥k Bkdq`jh gS] ds` vkl-ikl b¥kds` ls 10 v˙;ƒhZ d`ehæ≥M vkWœ`hlj dS`Mj ds` f¥, æs[j ,d`kMseh] vksYM okbZ\ ,e\ lh\ ,\ fcfYMax] 13 jkuk ^rki ekxZ ¥[u˜ vk, ƒs\ bu 10 v˙;fƒZ;kÍ eÍ ls 7 v˙;ƒhZ ;gk∑ ls NksÈMd`j okil p¥s x,\ fd`lh Hh ifj;kstuk] ^fæ”. ,oa iBu ikBu d`ks chp eÍ NksÈMd`j tkuk ;g fuEu Lrj d`h ^sj.k æfDr d`k »ksrd` gksrk gS\ ;g ¥xHx 60 ls 70% ¥ksxkÍ eÍ ik;k tkrk gS\ mDr 7 ¥ksx tks chp eÍ NksÈMd`j Hkx x, mlds` f¥, mleÍ muds` ekrk-firk d`h] fj'rsnkjkÍ d`h] iÈMksfl;kÍ ,oa nksLrkÍ d`h Hwfed`k jgh gS\

eß ;gk∑ ,d` fopkj ,oa lR; ckr d`gw∑xk] tks fd`lh Hh O;fDr d`ks cuk Hh ld`rh gS vkSj fcxkÈM ;k cckZn Hh d`j ld`rh gS\ og lR; ;g gS fd`] ∏ek∑-cki] HkbZ-cfgu] pkpk-pkph] fj'rsnkj ;g Hxoku nsrs gß bleÍ vkid`k d`ksbZ oæ ugÓ gS] ¥sfd`u xq: nksLr ,oa okrkoj. vki pqurs gß vkSj lgh pquko vkid`ks HfoÆ; d`h lgh fnæk nsrk gS] pkgs vkid`h næk tks Hh gks\ eßus ,d` foæs"K ,oa euksoSKkfud` gksus ds` ukrs [qn bu ifjfLƒfr;kÍ d`k eqd`kc¥k fd`;k gS vkSj bu reke ¥ksxkÍ ds` d`Vk” ls vius ikl ¥s jgs v˙;fƒZ;kÍ d`ks eqDr d`jus d`k ^;kl

Do you Have

It

D;k vki eÍ

;g

fd`;k gS] ¥sfd`u bleÍ ^k;# ,oa lnk nks i” gks tkrs gß\ ^ƒe i” eÍ] eß ,oa Nk( nks ¥ksx gksrs gß rƒk nwljs i” eÍ ekrkfirk] HkbZ-cgu] pkpk-pkph] vU; fj'rsnkj rƒk iÈMkslh gks tkrs gß] ¥sfd`u nwljk i” tc rkd`roj ,oa c¥æk¥h gks tkrk gS] rks ds`o¥ v˙;ƒhZ d`k uqd`lku gksrk gS\ ;g ?Vuk ?Vh Jh ;ksxsUnz dq`ekj ds` lkƒ\ buds` eke¥s eÍ buds` ifjokj ok¥kÍ us ncko cuk;k\ vius fj'rsnkjkÍ ,oa pkpk ds` ¥ÈMd`kÍ d`h otg ls ;ksxsUnz ,u\ Mh\ ,\ d`h ijh”k eÍ lœ`¥ ugÓ gks ik,] d`kj. ds ` o¥ ekufld` ncko d`h otg ls

In you ?

gS

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lsok p;u cksMZ ds` p;u ^.k¥h d`h ^f∂`;k eÍ p;u rhu ew¥Hwr rRokÍ ij vk|kfjr gksrk gS\ ^ƒe vkids` ikl 15 vf|d`kjh ok¥s xq.kÍ d`k gksuk vfuok;Z gS\ nwljk bu xq.kÍ d`ks ogk∑ ifjfLƒfr ;qDr ijh”. ds` nkSjku ^nfæZr d`juk Hh vko';d` gS vkSj rhljk vki bu xq.kÍ d`k ^næZu ,slk d`jÍ fd` ewY;kad`u d`rkZ uksfVl d`js] jßd` d`js] jsV (Rate) d`jÍ vkSj xzsM (Grade) Hh d`j ns\ lsok p;u cksMZ ls vLohd~`r ;k p;fur u gksuk d`ksbZ v;ksX;rk ugÓ gS ds`o¥ muds` ekin≥M eÍ u vkus d`h ,d` ^f∂`;k gS\ |S;Z d`h mPpre lhek] ¥xkrkj ifjJe ,oa ¥xu] ftEesnkjh ,oa nkf;Ro fuokZg d`jus d`h Hkouk] vius b¥kds` ds` ;qokvkÍ d`ks rƒk vius gkbZ Ldw`¥ ,oa b≥VjehfM,V tgk∑ ls m®h.Z fd`;k ƒk ogk∑ ds` cPpkÍ d`ks ;ƒksfpr ekxZnæZu nsuk] ek∑-firk ,oa xq: d`ks lefiZr gksrs gq, mPpre HfDr d`juk\ vius æs[j ,ds`Mseh ds` mRƒku ds` f¥, bld`ks viuh ,ds`Mseh le>rs gq, lkjs d`k;Z d`juk\ p;u ^.k¥h d`h ^f∂`;k ,oa ekin≥M d`ks iw.Zr;k le>us ds` i'pkrΩ mld`h okafNr vko';d`rk ds` vuqÔi vius d`ks s lg;ksx nsrs gq, lUrqf¥r j[uk ;ksxsUnz ds` rhu ¥xkrkj p;u ls lh[ ,oa mnkgj. f¥;k tk ld`rk gS\

He Has

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ekufld` ruko\ pw∑fd` ;ksxsUnz cgqr gh T;knk lefiZr] vkKkd`kjh] fu;fer ƒk\ blf¥, eßus blds` ifjokj ok¥kÍ ls ckr d`jds` bls ikfjokfjd` ncko ls eqDr d`jk;k\ mlds` ckn ik∑p ckj ¥xkrkj lsok p;u cksMZ ls ukV fjd`es≥M ;kfu laLrqfr u fd`;s tkus ij ¥xkrkj 6oÓ 7oÓ ,oa 8oÓ ckj dq`¥ rhu ckj Recommendation/ Selection ^kIr fd`;k ,oa vius eÍ Lo;a ,d` mRd~`ÆV d`hfrZeku Lƒkfir fd`;k rƒk vius b¥kds` ds` f¥, ,d` ^sj.k d`k mnkgj. cud`j [ÈMk gqvk\ bud`k fooj. fuEu ^d`kj gS%

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Jh ;ksxsUnz dq`ekj d`k tUe ,d` fd`lku ifjokj eÍ 10 vDVwcj] d`ks ukx¥k Bkdq`jh] iksLV xkSfj;k ·fNudq`fj;k‚ ft¥k eSuiqjh eÍ gqvk ƒk\ firk d`h ;ksX;rk gkbZLdw`¥ ekrk vfæf”r ds`o¥ x~fg.h gS\ firk fæ”k foHkx ls D¥dZ` ds` in ls lsokfuo~® gq,\ nks cÈMh cfguÍ fookfgr gß rƒk cÈMs HkbZ ƒ¥ lsuk eÍ go¥nkj ls lsok fuo~® gq,\ ;ksxsUnz us gkbZLdw`¥ d`h ijh”k 71·06% ls 2002 eÍ gk;j lsds`≥Mjh Ldw`¥ rksnkjiqj eSuiqjh ls nks fo";kÍ eÍ mRd~`ÆV vad`kÍ ds` lkƒ m®h.Z d`h gS\ ;ksxsUnz us b≥Vj d`h ijh”k 75·4% ls rhu fo";kÍ eÍ mRd~`ÆV vad`kÍ ds` lkƒ 2004 eÍ v;kj lkgwn b≥Vj d`kW¥st ls m®h.Z d`h\ rRi'pkrΩ ch\,l-lh d`h ijh”k 2007 eÍ 58·2% ds` lkƒ m®h.Z d`h gS\ gkbZLdw`¥ ,oa b≥Vj eÍ fgUnh ek÷;e rƒk ch\,l-lh eÍ vaxzsth ek÷;e jgk\ ?j ls ¥sd`j Ldw`¥/d`kW¥st eÍ ch\,l-lh rd` ogk∑ d`h Lƒkuh; Hk"k ,oa fgUnh ^pf¥r jgh vkSj ;ksxsUnz blh Hk"k eÍ fod`flr gq,\ vc eß ;ksxsUnz d`k d`hfrZeku Lƒkfir d`jus ok¥h lœ`¥rk ,oa vlœ`¥rk nksukÍ d`ks of.Zr d`jrk g∑w\ 1988

luΩ 2004 eÍ bUgkÍus æs[j ,ds`Mseh eÍ ,u\Mh\,\ ds` f¥, ^osæ f¥;k ƒk] ijUrq ,u\Mh\,\ eÍ mUgÍ vlœ`¥rk gh gkƒ ¥xh\ mud`h lœ`¥rk ,oa vlœ`¥rk ds` fooj. fuEu ^d`kj gß% (1) 10 + 2 (TES)–13 21 SSB Bhopal 17 February, 2005 Not Recommended (2) 10 + 2 (TES)–15 34 SSB Allahabad 16 February, 2006 Screen Out (3) 10 + 2 (TES)–16 17 SSB Bangalore March, 2007 Not Recommended (4) 10 + 2 (TES)–17 20 SSB Bhopal 7 October, 2007 Not Recommended (5) I SSC (M)F(P) 4 AFSB Varanasi 15 October, 2007 Not Recommended (6) 125 IMA (CDSE) 11 SSB Allahabad 9-14 March, 2008 Recommended (7) TA (TRA) 11 SSB Allahabad 26-31 March, 2008 Recommended (8) 2 SSC (M)F(P) 4 AFSB Varanasi 14-19 April, 2008 Recommended

lh\ Mh\ ,l\ bZ\ ds` eSƒ eÍ vPNk Kku gksus ds` d`kj. ,ds`Mseh us v÷;kiu d`h ftEesnkjh lkßih\ [s¥dw`n vkfn ds` ”s( eÍ ,u\ lh\ lh\ d`k ‘ch’ lVhZfœ`ds`V] iksf¥;ks dS`Ei 2003 eÍ ,oa vej æghn xw|ksi¥h lkbfd`¥ ;k(k eÍ 2007-08 eÍ foæs" Hwfed`k\ ,u\ lh\ lh\ eÍ v≥Mj vkWœ`hlj] rkbDokUMks eÍ uh¥k osYV] nloÓ d`”k rd` d`”k ds` ekWuhVj rƒk bud`h gkoh u~R; ,oa fe(kÍ ls ckrphr ,oa fMLd`lu d`juk jgk\ mi;qZDr C;kSjk/fooj. ;g LiÆV d`jrk gS fd` v˙;ƒhZ pkgs xzkeh. vap¥ d`k gks ;k ægj d`k\ lœ`¥rk ds` f¥, d`ksbZ Hh ifjosæ ;ksX;rk ugÓ gS\ eß ijojfnxkj ls ^kƒZuk d`jrk g∑w fd` esjs fæÆ; d`ks fo|krk ftUnxh ds` gj d`ne ij lœ`¥rk ns vkSj nsrk jgs rƒk lœ`¥rk ds` mRd~`ÆV fæ[j rd` igq∑pus d`h rkd`r ,oa lkgl ns\ orZeku le; eÍ ;ksxsUnz dq`ekj Œ¥kbV dS`MsV ds` Ôi eÍ ,vjœ`kslZ ,ds`Mseh gSnjkckn eÍ ^fæ”. ¥s jgs gß\ buls 94150–62698 ,oa 09319484144 ij lEidZ` fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ ig¥s uEcj ls lwpuk/fooj. ^kIr d`jus ds` i'pkrΩ nwljs uEcj ij ckr d`jds` ekxZnæZu ,oa ^sj.k ^kIr d`j v˙;ƒhZ vius HfoÆ; ds` f¥, vfxze d`ne r; d`jus ds` f¥, mRlkfgr ,oa ^sfjr gks ld`rs gß\ ●●●

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1591

rd` mlds` f¥, vko';d` bathfu;j] rd`uhfæ;u] dq`æ¥ d`kjhxj ,oa JsÆB ^cU|d` vkfn d`k ^cU| u fd`;k tk,\π LiÆV gS fd` jkÆV_ d`h fæ”k ^.k¥h d`k eq“; d`k;Z] nsæ d`h mRiknu ^o~f®;kÍ gsrq ;ksX; d`k;Zd`rkZ mi¥C| d`jkuk gS\ bl ✍ MkW\ ftrsUnz dq`ekj ¥ksÈrs gq, lksfo;r Ôl ds` ·feæu‚ d`h iwfrZ d`j ikrh gS%blf¥, vƒZækL(h LV_ef¥u us 1919 eÍ ¥sfuu d`ks vkt fæ”k ds` lEiw.Z xq.o®k ^cU|u ds` ,d` i( f¥[d`j psrkouh nh ƒh fd` ∏;fn ”s( eÍ fæ”k ds` ds`o¥ laxBukRed` o fæ”k o mld`h xq.o®k ij okafNr fuosæ laLƒkfud` o lks i kfud` ^d`Yi gh ækfe¥ ugÓ fd`;k x;k] rks bLikr ds` d`kj[kukÍ ugÓ gß] cfYd`%nwjLƒ-fæ”k] ewY; o ækfUrvkSj eæhu-Vw¥-œS`fDV_;kÍ ds` lkƒ-lkƒ fæ”k] lesfd`r-fæ”k] fd`æksjkoLƒk-fæ”k] foæk¥ vkS»ksfxd` mi∂`e Hh pjejk d`j i;kZoj.-fæ”k] vkink ^cU|u-fæ”k] thou cSB tk,axs\π blh ^d`kj MkW\ ,p\,l\ d`kSæ¥-fæ”k] LokLF;-fæ”k] ikfjokfjd` ikusl d`k d`guk gS fd` ∏bLikr d`k thou-fæ”k] L(h-fæ”k ,oa vYila“;d`kÍ d`kj[kuk ml le; rd` vƒZghu gS] tc d`h fæ”k tSls vusd` vko';d`rk vk|kfjr

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fæ”k eÍ xq.o®k d`k fpUru fo";ijd` i~ÆBHwfe vkfnd`k¥ ls gh ekuo tkfr LoHkoxr vius f¥, mRd`"Z ds` ekxZ r¥kæ d`jrh vk jgh gS\ vius thou d`ks mPp Lrj ^nku d`jus ds` f¥, mld`h ^R;sd` xfrfof| ‘¥{;ijd` xq.o®k’ ds` led`k¥hu næZu o jpuk d`kSæ¥ ij vk|kfjr jgh gS\ blf¥, thou ds` ^R;sd` ^;kl }kjk ;qxkÍ ls lHh tkfr;k∑] lekt ,oa jkÆV_ fujUrj xq.o®k vkSj mPpre ¥{;kÍ d`ks Nwus d`h gksÈM eÍ ¥xs jgs gß\ bl fufe® orZeku i;kZoj. d`h i~ÆBHwfe eÍ ^'u mBrk gS fd` xq.o®k D;k gS = ^R;q®j eÍ d`gk tk ld`rk gS fd` xq.o®k ,d` ,slk ?Vd` gS] ftlds` nks ekin≥M ·iSjkehVj‚ ^d`V gksrs gß%,d` rks oLrq ;k lsok ds` fofufnZÆV foæs"rkvkÍ d`k ekin≥M nwljk miHksDrk ·xzkgd`‚ d`h lUrqfÆV\ la”si eÍ d`gk tk ld`rk gS fd` fd`lh oLrq ;k lsok ds` miHksx ls mRd`"Z Lrj ds` larks" d`h ^kfIr mld`h xq.o®k d`h »ksrd` gS\ vr# xq.o®k d`k ew¥ lzksr gS% miHksDrk d`h n~fÆV\ fczfVæ ekud` laLƒku (1991) ds` vuqlkj ∏xq.o®k fd`lh mRikn ;k lsok ds` os lexz ¥”. gksrs gß] tks mlds` ckjs eÍ of.Zr vƒok fufgr xq.kÍ d`ks iwjk d`jus d`h ”erk j[rs gß\π blh ^d`kj vksd`¥S≥M (1989) us d`gk fd` ∏^;kstu o ^d`k;Z ds` vuqÔi oLrq ;k lsok ds` mi;qDr gksus d`h ek(k gh xq.o®k gS\π xq.o®k ds` vƒZ d`k fo'¥s". d`jus ls ;g rF; LiÆV Ôi ls utj vkrk gS fd` ∏xq.o®k d`k lEcU| oLrq ;k lsok ds` miHksDrkoknh xq.kÍ ls gS\π mnkjhd`j.] futhd`j. ,oa Hwe≥M¥hd`j. ds` ^HkokÍ ds` p¥rs vkt ds` ;qx d`ks ‘miHksDrk d`k ;qx’ ;k ‘xq.o®k ^cU|u d`k ;qx’ d`gÍ] rks d`ksbZ vfræ;ksfDr ugÓ gksxh\ cÈ
mikxe Hh ækfe¥ gß\ vr# fæ”k eÍ lEiw.Z xq.o®k ^cU|u d`h |kj.k eÍ vfUre miHksDrk ds` Ôi eÍ oS;fDrd` bd`kbZ Hh gks ld`rh gS] rks lkewfgd` ¥{;ijd` lewg Hh gks ld`rk gS] nksukÍ LoÔikÍ ds` larqfÆV Lrj d`h vkiwfrZ] fæ”k eÍ lEiw.Z xq.o®k ^cU|u d`k eq“; ¥{; o fuÆiknu ^f∂`;k d`k eq“; vk|kj gksrk gS\ xq.o®k ^cU|u d`h ^f∂`;k eÍ ‘xq.o®k lqfu'prhd`j.’ ,d` ^eq[ lksiku o ¥{;ijd` d`ne gksrk gS] ftl ij p¥d`j gh fæ”k eÍ lEiw.Z xq.o®k ^cU|u d`h |kj.k d`ks lkd`kj Ôi fn;k tk ld`rk gS\ vkt ds` ^frLi|kZRed` ;qx eÍ fd`lh oLrq ;k lsok d`k cktkj ;k lekt eÍ vfLrRo rc rd` gh gksrk gS] tc rd` d`h og oLrq ;k lsok] miHksDrkvkÍ d`h vis”kvkÍ ds` vuqdw`¥ viuh xq.o®k d`ks lqfuf'pr fd`, gq, jgrh gS\ xq.o®k lqfu'prhd`j. d`h ^f∂`;k miHksDrk d`ks xq.o®k d`h n~fÆV ls loksZPp larqfÆV Lrj d`k xkj≥Vh ;qDr vk'oklu ^nku d`jrh gS\ bl fufe® lekt o jkÆV_ eÍ xq.o®k ds` ekud` laLƒku oS|kfud` rkSj ij Hh Lƒkfir gß] ftuls xq.o®k lEcU|h ^ek.-i( ¥sd`j mRiknuh; lsok laLƒku vius miHksDrk d`ks

viuh lsok ;k oLrq ds` lEcU| eÍ xq.o®k lqfu'prhd`j. ^nku d`jrs gß\ bl fnæk eÍ æSf”d` lsok ”s( eÍ Hh xq . o®k lq f u'prhd`j. ds ` vko';d` oS|kfud` laLƒku Hh vfuok;Z Ôi ls ^pf¥r gß\ mnkgj.kƒZ Hkjr eÍ mPp fæ”k d`h xq.o®k d`h n~fÆV ls jkÆV_h; ewY;kad`u ,oa ^R;k;u ifj"nΩ ·ukWd`‚] nwjLƒ fæ”k d`h n~fÆV ls nwjLƒ fæ”k ifj"nΩ ·MSd`‚] rd`uhd`h fæ”k ds` ”s( eÍ ,\ vkbZ\ lh\ Vh\ bZ\] v÷;kid` fæ”k ds` ”s( eÍ ,u\ lh\ Vh\ bZ\ vkfn tSls vusd` laLƒku ^pf¥r gß] tks vius xq.o®k fu;ked` ,oa ^ek.u LoHko ds` vuqlkj cgqr gn rd` xq.o®k lqfu'prhd`j. d`k vk'oklu ns ikrs gß\ blds` vfrfjDr vUrjkZÆV_h; Lrj ij vkbZ\ ,l\ vks\ ekud` laLƒku Hh æSf”d` laLƒkukÍ d`h lalk|uh; xq.o®k ds` lEcU| eÍ vk'oklu ^nku d`j xq.o®k lqfuf'prhd`j. d`h ^f∂`;k d`ks lc¥rk ^nku d`j jgk gS\ bu lcds` p¥rs vkt ds` æSf”d` cktkj eÍ Hh xq.o®klaLd~`fr LoHko eÍ ^Lœq`fVr gks xbZ gS\ vkt ds` cktkjoknh ,oa miHksDrkoknh i;kZoj. ds` vUrxZr] æSf”d` laLƒkukÍ eÍ Hh xq.o®k ds` vk|kj ij j߯d`x ^.kf¥;kÍ

uohu laLd`j.

d`k fod`kl gks x;k gS\ lkƒ gh orZeku eÍ miHksDrk tkxÔd`rkoknh i;kZoj. ds` lc¥ gksus ls xq.o®k lqfuf'prhd`j. d`h vo|kj.k vkSj vf|d` O;kid` ,oa fod`flr gks xbZ gS\ vr# vkt ds` fo";ijd` i;kZoj. ds` ifj^s{; eÍ miHksDrk ds`fUnzr oSf'od` vƒZO;oLƒk,a Lƒkfir gks xbZ gß\ œ`¥u fæ”k ds` ^R;sd` mRiknuh; ”s( d`ks xq.o®k lqfuf'prhd`j. ds` f¥,] xq.o®k ^cU|u d`h O;wg jpuk d`ks] ^f∂`;kRed` LoÔi eÍ viukd`j u ds`o¥ Lo;a ds` æSf”d` mRd`"Z d`ks fl* d`juk gksxk] cfYd` mls fnækijd` ^ek.u Hh ^nfæZr d`juk gksxk] rHh tkd`j og æSf”d` laLƒku miHksDrk ds` f¥, p;ukRed` bd`kbZ cu ik,xk] D;kÍfd` vkt mlds` ikl vusd` fod`Yi gß˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ bl fufe® æSf”d` lsok laLƒkukÍ }kjk ;fn lelkef;d` LoÔi eÍ oSf'od` vk;ke] jkÆV_h; fæ”k uhfr] ”s(h; vk;ke ,oa cktkjhd`j. d`h i~ÆBHwfe;kÍ vkfn d`ks ÷;ku eÍ j[d`j xq.o®k lqfuf'prhd`j. d`h vo|kj.k d`ks viuk;k tkrk gS] rks ;g mud`k ,d` le>nkjh Hjk d`ne gksxk] ftld`h vkt ,d` vfLrRoijd` egrh vko';d`rk gS\ ●●●

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izoklh Hkjrh; lEes¥u # ,d` flagko¥ksd`u ✍ vthr dq`ekj >k vUrjkZÆV_h; txr eÍ ∏vk÷;kfRed` xqÔπ d`h mikf| ls foHwf"r Hkjr d`Hh vius ”s( d`k foLrkj vius ækld`kÍ ds` j.d`kSæ¥ viuh fopkj|kjk ,oa viuh laLÎ`fr d`h fo¥”.rkvkÍ rƒk fofHUu fd`Le d`h fo»kvkÍ ds` lgkjs fd`;k d`jrk ƒk] fd`Urq vk|qqfud` ∏o~g®j Hkjrπ d`k fuekZ. nwljs gh snkjh eÍ Hkjrh; fonsæ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1594

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nq'eu ds` vR;kpkjkÍ d`ks cnkZ'r d`juk muds` f¥, d`kœ`h eqf'd`¥ gksxk\ blf¥, mUgÍ lejHwfe ds` vfxze ¥ÈMkdw` n¥kÍ eÍ ugÓ Hstk tkrk gS vkSj u gh ¥ÈMkbZ ds` ekspksÛ ij Vßd` vkfn p¥kus d`k volj fn;k tkrk gS\ blh rjg ok;qlsuk eÍ ¥ÈMkdw` foeku mÈMkus o ukSlsuk eÍ ¥ÈMkdw` ;q*iksrkÍ ij tkus d`h vuqefr efg¥kvkÍ d`ks u gÓ nh xbZ gS\ vc LƒkbZ d`ehæu fn, tkus ds` ckn efg¥k lSU; vf|d`kfj;kÍ d`ks ;q* ds` ekspsZ ij tkus ds` volj fn, tk ld`rs gß\ blds` f¥, efg¥k lSU;d`feZ;kÍ d`ks vc ekufld` Ôi ls rS;kj jguk gksxk\ ;q* ”s( eÍ efg¥kvkÍ d`h Hkxhnkjh cgqr dq`N mud`h bPNk ij fuHZj d`jsxk] D;kÍfd` mUgÍ ¥ÈMkdw` Hwfed`k fe¥us ij muds` lekus ;q* d`k vfxze ekspkZ gh ugÓ gksxk] cfYd` vkrad`okn ls xzLr ”s(kÍ eÍ vkrad`okfn;kÍ ds` f[¥kœ` Hh ekspkZ l∑Hk¥uk iÈM ld`rk gS\ j”k ”s( ds` lsukaxkÍ eÍ gh ugÓ] cfYd` j”k oSKkfud` ”s( eÍ Hh efg¥kvkÍ d`h Hkxhnkjh d`kœ`h cÈ< xbZ gS vkSj felkb¥kÍ ds` fod`kl eÍ mud`k vgeΩ ;ksxnku tkjh gS\ xr o"Z 7 ebZ] 2008 d`ks vfXu –3 felkb¥ ds` lœ`¥ ijh”. ds` ckn vfXu– 2 , felkb¥ d`ks 2500 fd`eh d`h ¥Ech nwjh rd` ijek.q gfƒ;kj ¥s tkus eÍ l”e cukus ds` d`k;Z∂`e d`h eq“; ftEesnkjh efg¥k oSKkfud` MkW\ Vslh ƒkWel d`ks lkßid`j Hkjr ljd`kj us efg¥kvkÍ d`h j”k ”s( eÍ cÈ
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Hkjr eÍ xzke fod`kl d`h ubZ psruk fnusæ JhokLro Hkjr ds` lafo|ku ds` Hkx-4 eÍ Hkjr d`ks ,d` ¥ksd`-d`Y;k.d`kjh jkT; ds` Ôi eÍ Lƒkfir d`jus d`h ifjd`Yiuk d`h x;h gS\ lafo|ku ds` Hkx-4 ds` vuqPNsn 36 ls 51 eÍ jkT;kÍ ds` f¥, uhfr-funsZæd` rÂokÍ d`k o.Zu gS\ ;s rÂo U;k; ;ksX; u gksrs gq, Hh ljd`kj ds` f¥, egRoiw.Z gß\ bl Hkx eÍ mu rÂokÍ d`k mY¥s[ gS] ftUgÍ ljd`kj d`ks viuh uhfr;kÍ ds` fuekZ. eÍ ÷;ku j[uk gS\ vuqPNsn 40 eÍ jkT; d`ks xzke iapk;rkÍ ds` xBu vkSj mUgÍ ,slh æfDr;k∑ nsus d`k funsZæ fn;k x;k gS] ftlls mUgÍ Lok;® æklu d`h bd`kbZ ds` Ôi eÍ fod`flr gksus d`k volj fe¥s vkSj xzke Lrj ij xzke fuokfl;kÍ d`h Loæklu eÍ lgHkfxrk cÈ<s\ blh ^d`kj vuqPNsn 48 eÍ jkT; d`ks Î`f" vkSj iæqik¥u ds` fod`kl ds` f¥, mik; d`jus d`k funsZæ gS\ vuqPNsn 46 eÍ nqcZ¥ oxksÛ d`ks lkekftd` U;k; mi¥C| d`jkus rƒk vuqPNsn 47 eÍ iks"kgkj ds` Lrj d`ks ˜∑pk d`jus rƒk ¥ksd` LokLF; eÍ lq|kj d`ks jkT; d`k ^kƒfed` d`®ZO; crk;k x;k gS\ Hkjr eÍ xzke fod`kl d`h psruk d`k lw(|kj egkRek xka|h d`ks ekuk tkrk gS\ egkRek xka|h ^R;sd` xk∑o d`ks Loko¥Ech ,oa vkRefuHZj cukd`j lekurk ij vk|kfjr ,sls jkÆV_ ds` fuekZ. ds` i”|j ƒs] ftleÍ vehjh-xjhch] tkfr] oxZ] |eZ ls lEcfU|r HsnHko ;k fo"erkvkÍ d`k d`ksbZ Lƒku u gks\ xka|hth d`k ekuuk ƒk fd` Hkjr d`h vf|d`kaæ turk xk∑okÍ eÍ gh fuokl d`jrh gS vkSj [qægk¥ Hkjr ds` fuekZ. ds` f¥, loZ^ƒe xk∑okÍ d`k fod`kl tÔjh gS\ os xk∑o d`ks ,d` bd`kbZ ekud`j d`k;Z d`jus ij c¥ nsrs ƒs\ mud`k ekuuk ƒk fd` Hkjr ds` fod`kl d`h ^R;sd` ;kstuk d`h æq:vkr xk∑okÍ ls gksuh pkfg,\ bleÍ lansg ugÓ fd` xka|h ds` bu fopkjkÍ d`ks iksf"r d`jrs gq, lafo|ku eÍ ,d` ¥ksd`-d`Y;k.d`kjh Hkjr d`h d`Yiuk d`h x;h\ lkƒ gh uhfr-funsZæd` fl*kUrkÍ ds` Ôi eÍ egkRek xka|h ds` fopkjkÍ d`ks laoS|kfud` Ôi fn;k x;k\ LorU(rk ds` ckn Hkjr eÍ xzke fod`kl ds` f¥, xzkeh. Lojkt] vkS»ksfxd` fods`Unzhd`j.] ækjhfjd` Je d`h ^frÆBk] lkekftd` lejlrk rƒk loksZn; ,oa lgd`kfjrk ds` f¥, ds`Unz ljd`kj }kjk ^;kl fd`, x,\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1603

LorU(rk ds` ckn Hkjr ds` lokÛxh. fod`kl ds` f¥, æqÔ d`h x;h ^ƒe iapo"hZ; ;kstuk (1951–56) d`k¥ eÍ xzkeh. ”s( ds` fod`kl ds` f¥, tkxÔd`rk vkSj tulgHkfxrk d`h vko';d`rk eglwl d`h x;h\ blh ∂`e eÍ o"Z 1952 eÍ lkeqnkf;d` fod`kl d`k;Z∂`e d`h æq:vkr d`h x;h\ bl d`k;Z∂`e d`ks i;kZIr u ekurs gq, 2 vDVwcj] 1952 d`ks ds`Unz ljd`kj }kjk c¥oar jk; esgrk lfefr d`k xBu fd`;k x;k\ 1958 eÍ lfefr }kjk ^Lrqr d`h x;h fjiksVZ eÍ flœ`kfjæ d`h x;h fd` xzkeh. ”s( ds` fod`kl ds` f¥, xzkE; Lrj ij gh laLƒkvkÍ d`k xBu d`j fod`kl ds` lHh d`k;Z bUgÍ lkßis tkus pkfg,\ lfefr }kjk blds` f¥, turk }kjk xfBr Lƒkuh; Loæklu ds` rhu Lrjh;
fod`kl ds` lkjs d`k;Z∂`e ds`UnzhÎ`r ukSd`jækgh ds` gok¥s d`j fn, x,\ 1978 eÍ ^Lrqr væksd` esgrk lfefr d`h fjiksVZ eÍ iapk;rkÍ d`h bl nqnZæk d`k foLr~r fooj. ekStwn gS\ fofHUu jkT;kÍ ds` usrk Hh ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` crk;s jkLrs ij gh p¥s\ iapk;rh jkt vkSj Lƒkuh; fud`k; ^.k¥h d`ks etcwr d`jus eÍ fd`lh jkT; d`h fn¥pLih u jgh\ ;gh ugÓ] nsæ ds` X;kjg jkT;kÍ us rks vius ;gk∑ iapk;rkÍ ds` rhukÍ Lrj ij pquko d`jkuk Hh mfpr ugÓ le>k\ fd`lh us xk∑o iapk;rkÍ d`k pquko d`jk;k] rks fd`lh us ft¥k iapk;rkÍ d`k\ xk∑o] C¥kWd` vkSj ft¥k rhukÍ ds` pquko d`jkus ls jkT; d`rjkrs jgs\ fcgkj eÍ 1978 eÍ gq, iapk;rh pqukokÍ ds` ckn v^S¥ 2001 eÍ pquko gq, gß\ rfe¥ukMq rks vius Lƒkuh; fud`k;kÍ d`h pquko frfƒ;kÍ d`ks 21 ckj Vk¥us d`k d`hfrZeku Lƒkfir d`j pqd`k gS] ¥sfd`u d`ukZVd`] if'pe caxk¥] vkU|z ^nsæ vkSj tEew-d`'ehj tSls jkT;kÍ us le;le; ij pquko d`jkd`j mEehn cuk;s j[h gS\ pqukokÍ ds` ^fr vf|d`kaæ jkT;kÍ d`h cs:[h d`ks ns[us ds` ckn gh væksd` esgrk lfefr us ds`Unzh; Lrj ij laoS|kfud` laæks|u d`h flœ`kfjæ d`h ƒh\ jkT; ljd`kjkÍ d`ks utjvankt d`j ds`Unz ljd`kj us lafo|ku d`k 64ok∑ laæks|u ^Lrqr fd`;k\ jkT; ljd`kjkÍ vkSj foi”h n¥kÍ ds` fojks| ds` d`kj. ;g laæks|u ikfjr u gks ld`k\ ¥Ecs le; rd` cgl p¥h\ varr# 1992 eÍ 73ok∑-74ok∑ lafo|ku ikfjr gqvk] ftls l®k ds` fods`Unzhd`j. d`h fnæk eÍ ,d` egRoiw.Z d`ne ekuk tkrk gS\ 73 oÍ lafo|ku laæks|u 1992 d`h |kjk 2 }kjk lafo|ku eÍ Hkx 9 d`h var#Lƒkiuk d`h x;h\ 24 v^S¥] 1993 ls ¥kxw lafo|ku ds` bl Hkx eÍ 16 vuqPNsn gß\ lafo|ku eÍ 11oÓ vuqlwph d`h Hh Lƒkiuk d`h x;h\ bl vuqlwph eÍ iapk;rkÍ ds` xBu ls lEcfU|r O;kid` ^ko|ku fd`, x, gß\ æklu ds` fofHUu LrjkÍ ij iapk;rh jkt laLƒkvkÍ ds` f¥, l®k ds` fods`Unzhd`j. gsrq lafo|ku d`h 7oÓ vuqlwph d`h jkT; lwph d`h ^fofÆV la“;k 5 ij xzke iapk;rkÍ d`ks ækfe¥ d`j Lƒkuh; Lrj ij bls O;kogkfjd` Ôi nsus d`k m®jnkf;Ro jkT;kÍ d`ks lkßik x;k gS] ¥sfd`u uxk¥S≥M] es?k¥; vkSj fetksje jkT;kÍ rƒk ef.iqj ds` ioZrh; ”s(kÍ d`ks bl vf|fu;e ds` nk;js ls v¥x j[k x;k\ Hkjr eÍ laoS|kfud` ^ko|kukÍ ds` rgrΩ iapk;rh jkt O;oLƒk d`ks ¥kxw gq, ¥xHx MsÈ< næd` gks x, gß\ bu o"ksÛ eÍ xzke Lrjh; Loæklu eÍ xzke fuokfl;kÍ d`h Hkxhnkjh eÍ d`kœ`h o~f* gqbZ gS\ Lƒkuh;

xzkeokfl;kÍ eÍ ”s(h; fod`kl ds` ^fr ,d` ubZ ps r uk d`k ^knq H kZ o gq v k\ vius vf|d`kjkÍ ds` ^fr xzkE; Lrj ij vkt tks tkxÔd`rk vkSj ltxrk fn[k;h ns jgh gS] og iapk;rh jktO;oLƒk d`k gh ifj.ke gS\ gk¥k∑fd` ;g Hh lp gS fd` xzkE; fod`kl ds` ”s( eÍ vHh geÍ cgqr dq`N d`juk gS vkSj vc rd` ^kIr mi¥fC| d`h leh”k Hh d`juh gS\ xzkE; fod`kl d`h ubZ psruk eÍ furkar fup¥s Lrj ds` fuokfl;kÍ d`h Hkxhnkjh d`k ¥{; ^kIr d`juk vHh Hh æs" gS vkSj blds` f¥, Lƒkuh; Lrj ij rƒk ljd`kj ds` Lrj ij cgqr dq`N fd`;k tkuk ckd`h gS\ ¥ksd`rkaf(d` fods`Unzhd`j. ds` vUrxZr nsæ ds` ¥xHx lHh jkT;kÍ eÍ ¥kxw iapk;rh jktO;oLƒk ds` vfrfjDr ds`Unz ljd`kj }kjk le;-le; ij xzkE; fod`kl gsrq ubZ-ubZ fod`kl ;kstukvkÍ ,oa d`k;Z∂`ekÍ d`h ?ks".k d`h tkrh jgh gS\ 1952-53 eÍ æqÔ d`h x;h lkeqnkf;d` fod`kl ;kstuk rƒk 1958 e¸Í æqÔ d`h x;h xzkeh. vkokl ;kstuk d`h lœ`¥rk ds` ckn ds`Unz ljd`kj }kjk T R Y S E M , IRDP, ^|kuea(h jkstxkj ;kstuk] Lo.Z t;Urh xzke Lojkstkj ;kstuk] e:Lƒ¥ fod`kl d`k;Z∂`e] xzkeh. fo»q r hd`j. ;ks t uk] xz k eh. LoPNrk d`k;Z∂`e] VsDuks¥kWth feæu d`k;Z∂`e] ^|kuea(h xzkeksn; ;kstuk] jkÆV_h; iks"kgkj feæu] jktho xka|h xzkeh. fo»qrhd`j. ;kstuk] dq`Vhj T;ksfr d`k;Z∂`e] lexz vkokl ;kstuk] Lot¥ |kjk ;kstuk] xaxk ekr~Ro ¥kH ;kstuk] lefUor ck¥ fod`kl ;kstuk] d`Lrwjck xka|h fæ”k ;kstuk] jkÆV_h; lk”jrk feæu] d`EI;wVj lk”jrk feæu] jkÆV_h; ^frj”. d`k;Z∂`e] lkoZtfud` LokLF; chek ;kstuk] vkæk ;kstuk] ,d`¥ ckf¥d`k le~f* ;kstuk] jkÆV_h; o~*koLƒk iÍæu ;kstuk] ,d`¥ ckf¥d`k fu#æqYd` fæ”k ;kstuk tSlh vusd`kÍ ;kstuk,a p¥k;h x;Ó\ bueÍ ls dq`N ;kstuk,a cUn d`j nh x;h gß] fd`Urq vf|d`kaæ ;kstuk,a p¥ jgh gß vkSj xzkE; fod`kl eÍ egRoiw.Z Hwfed`k fuHk jgh gß\ 11oÓ iapo"hZ; ;kstuk (2007–12) eÍ xzkeh. fod`kl d`k;Z∂`ekÍ ds` f¥, vf|d` |u vkoafVr d`jus d`h ^frc*rk O;Dr d`h x;h gS\ ¥ksxkÍ d`h vkækvkÍ vkSj vkd`ka”kvkÍ ds` vuqÔi fod`kl d`k ¥{; ^kIr d`jus ds` f¥, Lo;a lgk;rk lewg] Lo;a l s o h la x BukÍ ] Î`"d` D¥ckÍ d`h iapk;rh jkt laLƒkvkÍ ds` ek÷;e ls vkSj læDr cuk, tkus ij c¥ fn;k tk jgk gS\ ”s(h; xzkeh. cßd`kÍ rƒk xzkE; Lrj ij fLƒr jkÆV_h;Î`r cßd`kÍ d`h æk[kvkÍ d`ks ^R;sd` xk∑o ds` ær-^frær ifjokjkÍ d`ks izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1604

c߯d`x lqfo|k ls lar~Ir d`jus rƒk lHh fd`lkukÍ d`ks fd`lku ∂s`fMV d`kMZ d`h lqfo|k nsus d`k funsZæ fn;k x;k gS\ cßd`kÍ ds` ek÷;e ls gh œ`l¥ chek ;kstuk] Î`f" vkenuh chek ;ks t uk] nq ? Z V uk chek ;kstuk] œ`l¥ ds` fo:* )`. ;kstuk] o"kZ chek ;kstuk] )`.ekœ`h ;kstuk vkfn d`k lapk¥u fd`;k tk jgk gS\ xzkeh. ”s( eÍ vk|kfjd` lajpuk ds` fod`kl ds` f¥, ^|kuea(h xzke lÈMd` ;kstuk] ^|kuea(h vknæZ xk∑o ;kstuk] jktho xka|h xzkeh. fo»qrhd`j. ;kstuk] xzkeh. vkokl ;kstuk] jkÆV_h; ck;ksxSl d`k;Z∂`e] xzkeh. is;t¥ ;kstuk] mUur pwYgk d`k;Z∂`e] xzkeh. fo»qrhd`j. ;kstuk d`k lapk¥u ds`Unz ljd`kj }kjk Lƒkuh; Loæklh laLƒkvkÍ ds` ek÷;e ls fd`;k tk jgk gS\ xzkeh. vkokxeu O;oLƒk d`ks lqn~È< d`jus ds` f¥, 25 fnlEcj] 2000 d`ks æqÔ d`h x;h ^|kuea(h xzke lÈMd` ;kstuk xzkeh. fod`kl ds` ”s( eÍ d`kœ`h lgk;d` fl* gks jgh gS\ bl ;kstuk d`k eq“; mˆs'; xzkeh. ”s(kÍ eÍ lÈMd` lEidZ` ls oafpr mu xk∑okÍ d`ks lÈMd` ekxZ ls tksÈMuk gS ftud`h vkcknh 500 ;k blls vf|d` gS\ fu'p; gh lÈMd` ekxZ ds` fod`flr gksus ls xk∑okÍ eÍ jkstxkj ds` volj cÈ<Íxs\ xzkeokfl;kÍ ds` eaMh Lƒ¥ rƒk cktkjkÍ rd` igq∑p cÈ<sxh rƒk LokLF; fæ”k ,oa vU; lsokvkÍ ds` ”s( d`k foLrkj gksxk\ vkt Hkjr d`k Vs¥hœ`ksu usVodZ` fo'o ds` foæk¥re lapkj usVodZ` eÍ ls ,d` gS\ 354 fef¥;u ls Hh vf|d` d`usDæukÍ ok¥k Hkjrh; nwjlapkj usVodZ` foæk¥rk d`h n~fÆV ls fo'o eÍ rhljs uEcj d`k usVodZ` gS vkSj ,fæ;k d`h mHjrh vƒZ O ;oLƒk eÍ ;g nw l jk foæk¥re usVodZ` gS\ vkt Hkjr ds` xzkeh. ”s(kÍ eÍ 50 fef¥;u Vs¥hœ`ksu d`usDæu gß] ftls o"Z 2010 rd` 80 fef¥;u fd`;k tkuk gS\ o"Z 2010 rd` ekStwnk 25:1 ds` ægjh xzkeh. vUrj d`ks d`e d`jds` 5:1 fd`, tkus d`k ¥{; ubZ nwjlapkj uhfr eÍ ?ksf"r fd`;k x;k gS\ blh ds` lkƒ xzkeh. ”s(kÍ eÍ eksckb¥ usVodZ` d`ks cÈ
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lHh xk∑okÍ ,oa fu|Zurk js[k ls uhps ds` lHh ifjokjkÍ eÍ luΩ 2009 rd` fo»qr la;kstu lqfuf'pr d`juk rƒk X;kjgoÓ ;kstuk ds` vUr rd` bueÍ 24 ?≥Vs fo»qrΩ vkiwfrZ ^okfgr d`jkuk\ ● luΩ 2009 rd` 1000 tula“;k ok¥s lHh xk∑okÍ ·ioZrh; ,oa tutkrh; ”s(kÍ eÍ 500 tula“;k‚ rd` lHh ekSlekÍ ds` f¥, mi;qDr iDd`h lÈMdÍ` lqfuf'pr d`juk rƒk luΩ 2015 rd` lHh egRoiw.Z vf|oklkÍ rd` iDd`h lÈMdÍ` cuokuk\ ● uoEcj 2009 rd` nsæ ds` lHh xk∑okÍ rd` Vs¥hœ`ksu igq∑pkuk rƒk 2015 rd` lHh xk∑okÍ eÍ czkWMcßM lqfo|k eqgS;k d`jkuk\ ● luΩ 2012 rd` lHh d`ks ?j cukus ds` f¥, Hwfe mi¥C| d`jkuk rƒk luΩ 2016-17 rd` lHh xzkeh. fu|ZukÍ d`ks vkokl eqgS;k d`jkus ds` f¥, vkokl fuekZ. d`h xfr eÍ rsth ¥kuk\ ● ^kƒfed` fæ”k ds` Lrj ij Ldw`¥ NksÈMus ok¥s cPpkÍ d`h la“;k d`ks 2003-04 ds` 52·2% ds` Lrj ls ?Vk d`j 20% d`juk\ ● 7 o"Z ls vf|d` vk;q oxZ eÍ lk”jrk nj cÈ
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vejhd`h jkÆV_ifr in ij vksckek d`h rktiksæh ds` D;k ek;us gß`= æad`j izlkn frokjh ‘fou;’ fd`lh nkæZfud` us d`gk gS fd`% ‘thou flœZ` tUe ls ugÓ fe¥rk gS] cfYd` mls Lo;a vftZr d`juk iÈMrk gS\’ vejhd`k ds` 44oÍ jkÆV_ifr cud`j cjkd` vksckek us bl d`ƒu d`ks lp d`j fn[k;k gS\ 20 tuojh] 2009 d`ks æiƒ ¥sus ok¥s os vejhd`k ds` ^ƒe v'osr jkÆV_ifr cus\ mUgkÍus lk|kj. lh ifjfLƒfr;kÍ eÍ tUe ¥sd`j tks vHwriwoZ lœ`¥rk vftZr d`h gS ] og fd`lh feƒd` ls d`e ugÓ gS\ nqfu;k ds` lcls æfâ`æk¥h nsæ ds` in ij d`kfct gksus ok¥s bl ,sfrgkfld` æf“l;r d`h vl¥h ijh”k rks vc gS] D;kÍfd` vejhd`k bl le; vius d`fBu nkSj ls xqtj jgk gS\ vksckek ds` ikl vejhd`k d`ks lad`V ls mckjd`j ,d` vkSj bfrgkl cukus d`k ekSd`k gS\ muds` ikl viuh jpukRed` o ^Hkoh uhfr;kÍ d`ks ¥kxw d`jus ds` f¥, æfâ`æk¥h vf|d`kj Hh gß rƒk vksgnk Hh\ ‘ekfVZu ¥wƒj ¯d`x’] ‘vczkge ¯¥d`u’ rƒk ‘egkRek xka|h’ tSlh egkuΩ æf“l;rkÍ d`ks viuk ^sj.klzksr ekuus ok¥s vksckek ls lkjh nqfu;k d`h mEehnÍ gß\ fd` os vUrjkZÆV_h; ækfUr] lnΩHkouk rƒk fod`kl ds` f¥, ubZ ig¥ vo'; d`jÍxs\

cjkd` vksckek # flœ`j ls fæ[j rd` d`k lœ`j vksckek d`k tUe 4 vxLr] 1961 eÍ ‘gksuks¥q¥q’ ·gokbZ‚ eÍ gqvk\ muds` firk ‘cjkd`’ v≠`hd`h v'osr rƒk ek∑ ,aVue 'osr ƒÓ\ bl ^d`kj vksckek d`ks fefJr O;fâ`Ro d`gk tk ld`rk gS\ exj vksckek d`ks egt ,d` lk¥ rd` gh firk d`k lkfu÷; fe¥k D;kÍfd` æknh ds` nks lk¥ ckn gh muds` ekrk–firk d`k r¥kd` gks x;k\ vksckek ds` firk cjkd` ml le; ;wfuoflZVh vkWœ` gokbZ eÍ d`k;Zjr ƒs\ vksckek d`h ek∑ tYn gh mls ¥sd`j baMksusfæ;k p¥h xbÛ tgk∑ mlus nwljh æknh d`j ¥h\ o"Z 1971 eÍ vksckek d`h ek∑ us mls mfpr fæ”k ^nku d`jus ds` f¥, ek( 10 lk¥ d`h mez eÍ ukuk–ukuh ‘xzsge’ rƒk ‘twYl’ ds` ikl vejhd`k Hst fn;k\ mUgkÍus ,d` ^frfÆBr Ldw`¥ eÍ o"Z 1971 ls 1979 ds` chp fæ”k ^kIr d`h] exj iÈ
ds` ,d` ^frfÆBr Ldw`¥ ls mUgkÍus mPprj ek÷;fed` fæ”k ^kIr d`h\ o"Z 1983 eÍ mUgkÍus d`ks¥afc;k ;wfuoflZVh ls ikWf¥fVd`¥ lkbal ls Lukrd` d`h mikf| ^kIr d`h\ ;gh oks nkSj ƒk tc vksckek us O;fâ`xr d`etksfj;kÍ ij fot; ikd`j vkxs cÈ
bjkd` ;q* ds` ekStwnk laLd`j. ds` fojks|h jgs] mud`k ekuuk ƒk fd` bjkd` eÍ lSfud`kÍ d`h ¥xkrkj vn¥k–cn¥h d`h tkuh pkfg, rƒk ¥Ecs le; rd` ogk∑ jgd`j Hkjh [psZ mBkus ds` ctk; leL;k ds ` tYn gh jpukRed` fod`Yi d`h r¥kæ d`k ^;kl fd`;k tkuk pkfg,\ o"Z 2007 eÍ mUgÍ tc lcls mnkj lhusVj ?ksf"r fd`;k x;k] rks vius lEcks|u eÍ mUgkÍus LiÆV d`gk fd` bjkd` eÍ 400 vjc MkW¥j x∑okd`j vkf[j mUgÍ D;k gkfl¥ gqvk`= œ`jojh] 2007 eÍ mUgkÍus jkÆV_ifr in d`h mEehnokjh d`h ?ks".k rks d`j nh exj muds` le” mUgÓ d`h ikVhZ d`h lhusVj ‘fg¥sjh–fD¥aVu’ ƒÓ tks ‘fc¥ fD¥aVu’ tSls ¥ksd`f^; iwoZ jkÆV_ifr d`h iRuh ƒh\ ,d` rjœ` fg¥s j h fD¥a V u tSlh rstrjkZj rƒk ¥ksd`f^; æf“l;l ƒh rks nwljh rjœ` vksckek tSlh ,sfrgkfld` æf“l;r fœ`j D;k ƒk nksukÍ ds` chp ,d`–nwljs d`ks iNkÈMus ds` f¥, rh[h cglkÍ d`k nkSj æqÔ gks x;k\ ;»fi æqÔ eÍ vksckek rƒk fg¥sjh nksukÍ gh uL¥okn ij cks¥us ls cprs jgs] exj v^S¥] 2008 eÍ ‘ls¥suk’ eÍ mUgÍ uL¥okn ij cks¥us d`k ekSd`k fe¥k] ftleÍ ^Hkoæk¥h oâ`O; ds` d`kj. ckth vksckek ds` gkƒ ¥xh\ nksukÍ ds` chp fNÈMs oSpkfjd` fooknkÍ ds` d`kj. d`bZ ckj ¥xk fd` ew¥ fl*kUr tSls fiNÈMus ¥xs gß] ¥sfd`u blds` ckotwn vksckek us rhu eqnΩnkÍ ij viuk foæs" ÷;ku j[k% ‘bjkd`–;q* d`h lekfIr’] ‘cÈs¥h ƒÓ\ mUgÍ cgknqjh ds` f¥, ‘flYoj LVkj’ rƒk ‘Œ¥kbax ∂`kWl’ lfgr d`bZ iqjLd`kjkÍ ls lEekfur fd`;k x;k ƒk\ exj vksckek blls fopf¥r ugÓ gq,\ mUgkÍus iwoZ d`h rjg viuk ækar rƒk fouez

O;ogkj tkjh j[k\ nwljh vksj eSDds`u us viuh Nfo ds ` vuqÔi vk∂`ked` :[ viuk;k\ d`bZ ckj mUgkÍus vksckek ij O;fâ`xr fVIif.;k∑ rd` d`j Mk¥Ó\ gkW¥hoqM ds` dq`N flrkjkÍ rƒk fookfnr æf“l;rkÍ ds` lkƒ Hh vksckek d`k uke tksÈMk x;k\ exj vksckek d`h [qæfd`Lerh ;g ƒh] fd` mUgÍ 'osr rƒk v'osr rcds` d`h reke cÈMh gfLr;kÍ d`k leƒZu fe¥k\ tq¥kbZ 2008 eÍ vksckek us viuh laf”Ir fonsæ ;k(k d`h\ blds` ig¥s pj. eÍ os btjk;¥ rƒk ckn eÍ ;wjksi o teZuh x,\ okil ¥kSVus ij eSDds`u us mu ij vejhd`h uhfr;kÍ d`ks ,d` csgn gYds` jktuhfrK d`h rjg vU; nsækÍ ds` lkƒ isæ d`jus d`k vkjksi ¥xk;k\ d`bZ ckj mu ij vejhd`h jkÆV_ifr in ds` f¥, v;ksX; gksus ds` vkjksi rd` ¥xk, x,\ exj lc tkurs ƒs fd` os 'osrkÍ rƒk v'osrkÍ nksukÍ d`ks gh ,d`tqV d`jus rƒk mUgÍ csgrj us eÍ l”e ƒs\ ,d` le; oks Hh vk;k tc eSDds`u rƒk vksckek d`ks ,d`–nwljs ds` lkeus eq[kfrc gksus d`k ekSd`k fe¥k\ nksukÍ eÍ ¥Ech–pkSÈMh cgl p¥h rƒk nksukÍ us viuk i” j[k\ exj i;Zos”d`kÍ us ik;k fd` tgk∑ jkÆV_h; rƒk vUrjkZÆV_h; eq n Ω n kÍ ij vksckek d`h ^frf∂`;k,a csgn laxr rƒk rkfdZ`d` ƒÓ\ ogÓ eSDds`u d`h ^frf∂`;k,a d`bZ ckj m®std` rƒk eqnΩnkÍ ls gVd`j ƒÓ\ eSDds`u ij vksckek d`h ;g ,d` euksoSKkfud` cÈ
vksckek ds` le” pqukSfr;k∑ (1) vejhd`h lc–^kbe lad`V%rhl ds` næd` d`h vkfƒZd` eanh ds` ckn vejhd`h vƒZO;oLƒk ig¥h ckj cqjs nkSj ls xqtj jgh gS\ fnlEcj] 2007 ls mRiUu lc ^kbe lad`V ds` p¥rs vejhd`k ds` ¥xHx 20 cÈMs fo®h; laLƒku fnokf¥;k gks pqds` gß\ ;»fi vejhd`h ljd`kj ds` Hkjh–Hjd`e ‘cs¥vkmV’ rƒk vf|xzg.–fo¥; d`h ^f∂`;k ds` p¥rs bu laLƒkvkÍ d`ks Mwcus ls cpk;k rks x;k gS] exj iw∑th cktkj eÍ uxnh d`k lad`V vHh Hh cjd`jkj gS\ ;»fi miHksâ`kvkÍ }kjk )`.kÍ d`h fjd`ojh u d`jus d`ks bl lad`V d`h vl¥ otg ekuk

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1606

tk jgk gS exj fiN¥s ,d` næd` ls vejhd`k eÍ ljd`kjh rƒk futh ”s( eÍ [q¥s vufxur NksVs–cÈMs fo®h; laLƒkukÍ us fu;ekÍ d`ks rkd` ij j[d`j iw∑th cktkj eÍ tks va|sjxnhZ epk j[h ƒh] mld`k urhtk rks ,d` fnu fe¥uk gh ƒk\ bl nkSjku vejhd`h iw∑th cktkj eÍ csjksd`–Vksd` œ`thZokMs gq,\ pw∑fd` vejhd`h cktkjkÍ eÍ nqfu;k ds` reke nsækÍ d`k iSlk ¥xk gqvk ƒk\ vr# bu fo®h; laLƒkukÍ d`h [Lrkgk¥ fLƒfr ds` p¥rs nqfu;kHj ds` fuosæd`kÍ d`ks vjckÍ MkW¥j d`h pir ¥xh\ ,d` vgeΩ ^'u ;g Hh gS fd` fcuk d`kjxj mik; ds` vejhd`h fo®h; laLƒku vkf[j d`c rd` ljd`kjh jkgr iSds`t ds` ne ij lk∑l ¥srs jgÍxs= vksckek d`ks fo®h; lad`V ls mRiUu fLƒfr;kÍ ls d`bZ ekspksÛ ij fuiVuk gksxk\ njvl¥ fiN¥k ,d` næd` vejhd`k eÍ flœZ` miHksx ds` f¥, tkuk tkrk gS\ mRiknu ds` f¥, ugÓ\ d`kj. nqfu;kHj d`h iw∑th vejhd`h cktkjkÍ eÍ vkrh jgh] rƒk vejhd`h turk bl iw∑th d`k ted`j miHksx d`jrh jgh\ ;g vƒZækL( ds` f¥, fofp( ckr ƒh fd` nqfu;k d`h fd`lh vƒZO;oLƒk d`h fod`kl nj æwU; gks vkSj mlds` ckotwn mlds` miHksx d`h ^o~f®;k∑ v^R;kfær
tks vejhd`h cktkjkÍ eÍ fuosæ d`jus ls fd`ukjk d`j jgs gß\ blds` f¥, loZ^ƒe iw∑th fu;ked` laLƒkvkÍ d`ks nq:Lr d`juk gksxk\ bu laLƒkvkÍ eÍ bZekunkj] d`eZB] foosd` æh¥ ,oa ckSf*d` oxZ ds` ¥ksxkÍ d`h fu;qfâ` d`juh gksxh\ lkƒ gh iw∑th fu;eu O;oLƒk d`h le;–le; ij leh”k d`jds` mleÍ le;kuqÔi vko';d` œs`j cn¥ Hh d`jus iÈMÍxs\ fo®h; vfu;ferrkvkÍ d`ks jksd`us rƒk |ks[k|ÈMh d`jus ok¥kÍ ds` f¥, l“r fo®h; d`kuwukÍ d`k fu|kZj. rƒk mud`k lgh f∂`;kUo;u d`juk gksxk\ tkfgj gS vksckek d`ks vƒZO;oLƒk ls tqÈMs lHh ?Vd`kÍ el¥u%d`Eifu;kÍ] fo®h; laLƒkukÍ] fuosæd`kÍ rƒk xzkgd`kÍ bR;kfn ds` fgrkÍ d`h j”k ds` f¥, lexz Ôi ls mnkj uhfr;k∑ cukuh iÈMÍxh\ exj vksckek D;k ;g lc vds`¥s d`j ik,axs= tkfgj gS blds` f¥, mUgÍ vejhd`k lfgr nqfu;kHj ds` vkfƒZd` foæs"KkÍ] iw∑th foæs"KkÍ] vƒZækfL(;kÍ] fofHUu d`Eifu;kÍ ds` ^eq[ vf|d`kfj;kÍ rƒk iw∑th fu;ked` laLƒkvkÍ ls le;–le; ij xgu ea(.k d`jds` rkRd`kf¥d` rƒk nh?Zd`kf¥d` nksukÍ gh ^d`kj d`h uhfr;k∑ cukuh iÈMÍxh\ vejhd`k ds` le” orZeku vkfƒZd` lad`V bruk xEHhj gS fd` vxj mlls fuiVus ds` f¥, d`kjxj uhfr;k∑ ugÓ cuk;h tkrÓ rks vejhd`k d`k vkfƒZd` egkæfâ` d`k :rck d`Hh Hh fNu ld`rk gS\ lkœ` gS ekStwnk vkfƒZd` lad`V ls fuiVus ds` f¥, vksckek d`ks ,d`–,d` d`ne œw∑`d`–œ∑w`d`d`j mBkus iÈMÍxs rƒk lhÈ
tula“;k o~f* tSlh leL;k,a Hh vkrad`okn eÍ o~f* ds` f¥, ftEesnkj gS\ viuk ncnck cuk, j[uk] vius d`ks nwljs ls JsÆB lkfcr d`juk rƒk |kfeZd`–vkfƒZd` egRod`ka”k,a Hh vkrad`okn d`h tuuh gS\ lkE;okn rƒk iw∑thokn d`k lfn;kÍ ls p¥k vk jgk }Un Hh lkekftd` folaxfr;kÍ d`ks tUe nsrk gS\ ,d` nwljs d`ks lkekftd`– |kfeZd`–vkfƒZd`–tkrh;–Hk"kbZ–”s(h; rƒk oxZ ds` vk|kj ij uhpk fn[kus d`h ekuo d`h ^o~f®;k∑ nqfu;kHj eÍ }Un rƒk la?"Z d`k d`kj. jgh gS\ ;»fi ge ekuo d`h fd`ruh gh ^xfr rƒk l˙;rk d`k c[ku D;kÍ u d`j nÍ exj bl ^d`kj d`h lfn;kÍ iqjkuh ekufld`rk d`k vkt Hh d`k;e jguk gekjh lcls cÈMh gkj gS\ u tkus ge ;g d`c Lohd`kjuk æqÔ d`jÍxs fd` ækjhfjd`] ekufld` rƒk ^kÎ`frd` Ôi ls ^R;sd` euqÆ; egRoiw.Z rƒk vf}rh; gS] rƒk mld`k geÍ lEeku d`juk pkfg,\ ^R;sd` euqÆ; d`h lekt ds` f¥, mikns;rk gS] mld`h viuh ekSf¥d`rk ;k oS;fâ`d`rk gS rƒk og cgqr dq`N vftZr d`jus d`h dq`Ccr j[rk gS] exj ekuo d`h fœ`rjr nsf[, fd` mlus ,d`–nwljs ij ^HqRo tekus ds` f¥, d`k;ksÛ d`ks Hh fuEu] e÷;e rƒk mPp Jsf.;kÍ eÍ ck∑V fn;k gS\ mi;qZâ` rF;kÍ ls LiÆV gS fd` vkrad`okn d`k d`ksbZ vds`¥k d`kj. ugÓ gS] cfYd` mlds` d`bZ d`kj. gß vkSj tc vkrad`okn ds` d`bZ d`kj. gß] rks mlls fuiVus ds` mik; Hh d`bZ gkÍxs\ vr# vksckek d`ks vkrad`okn ls fuiVus ds` f¥, d`bZ LrjkÍ ij rkRd`kf¥d` rƒk nwjxkeh j.uhfr;k∑ r; d`juh iÈMÍxh\ D;k vksckek iwoZ jkÆV_ifr tktZ cqæ }kjk bjkd` rƒk vœ`xkfuLrku eÍ vkrad`okn fojks|h d`kjZokbZ tkjh j[rs gß= D;k bZjku– d`ksfj;k tSls nsækÍ ds` ^fr vejhd`h fonsæ uhfr eÍ cn¥ko vk,xk= D;k vejhd`k eÍ vfr miHksâ`koknh rƒk )`. vk|kfjr laLÎ`fr ij ¥xke ¥xsxh= bu ^'ukÍ ij vksckek d`ks xEHhjrk ls fopkjuk iÈMsxk\ vœ`xkfuLrku rƒk bjkd` eÍ vkrad`okn fojks|h lSU; d`k;Zokgh p¥kus ds` f¥, iwoZ jkÆV_ifr tktZ cqæ d`ks vius gh nsæ ds` ukxfjd`kÍ d`k fojks| rel="nofollow">s¥uk iÈMk\ ;gk∑ rd` fd` lc ^kbe lad`V d`k ,d` ^eq[ d`kj. vejhd`k }kjk bu ;q*kÍ ij Hkjh ek(k eÍ iSlk cgkuk Hh ekuk tk jgk gS\ D;k blds` ckotwn nqfu;k ls vkrad`okn [Re gks ik;k gS= ;»fi vejhd`k d`ks egœw`t j[us eÍ iwoZ jkÆV_ifr tkWtZ cqæ ds` ^;kl ljkguh; gß] exj vkarfjd` lqj”k ds` f¥, mBk, x, ^Hkoh d`nekÍ ds` d`kj. gh vejhd`k lqjf”r gS] u fd` fo'oO;kih vkrad`okn fojks|h vfH;kukÍ ds` d`kj.\ bjkd` rƒk izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1607

vkrad`okfn;kÍ ds` ctk; vke turk rƒk lkoZtfud` lEif® d`h vf|d` gkfu mBkuh iÈMh gS\ lnΩnke gqlSu d`ks œ`k∑lh nsus ds` ckn bjkd` eÍ ækfUr Lƒkiuk d`h ckr d`gh tk jgh ƒh] exj ogk∑ vkt Hh pkjkÍ vksj vjktd`rk œS`¥h gqbZ gS\ lkœ` tkfgj gS fd` iwoZ jkÆV_ifr tktZ cqæ us fo'oO;kih vkrad`okn ls vds`¥s ¥ÈMus d`h j.uhfrd` Hw¥ d`h\ tcfd` vkrad`okn ls flœZ` gfƒ;kjkÍ ls ugÓ ¥ÈMk tk ld`rk] cfYd` mlls fofHUu LrjkÍ ij ¥ÈMus ds` f¥, oSf'od` ea(.k rƒk lg;ksx d`h tÔjr gS\ vkrad`okn ds` f¥, d`bZ d`kj. lexz Ôi ls ftEesnkj gß] vr# loZ^ƒe mu d`kj.kÍ d`ks tkuuk tÔjh gS\ vPNk gksrk vxj cqæ mu d`kj.kÍ d`ks tkuus d`k ^;kl d`jrs rƒk ;q*kÍ eÍ cgk, x, foæk¥ |ujkfæ ds` dq`N Hkx d`k bLrsek¥ nqfu;k d`h tud`Y;k.d`kjh ;kstukvkÍ eÍ ¥xkrs\ vksckek ls mEehn d`h tkrh gS fd` og vkrad`okn ls fuiVus ds` f¥, oSf'od` ea(.k vke jk; rƒk ijLij lg;ksx Lƒkfir d`jÍxs\ cqæ ds` vkrad`okn fojks|h vfH;ku d`ks ,d` jpukRed` fnæk nÍxs\ fo'o eÍ œS`¥h lkekftd` vkfƒZd` fo"erkvkÍ d`ks nwj d`jus d`k ^;kl d`jÍxs\ bjkd` ls vejhd`h lSfud`kÍ d`ks gVkus d`h ?ks".k d`jds` mUgkÍus bl fnæk eÍ lkƒZd` d`ne mBk f¥;k gS\ exj mUgÍ bl ckr d`k “;k¥ j[uk gS] fd` bjkd` ls lSfud`kÍ d`h okilh |hjs–|hjs gks rƒk dq`N le; ds` f¥, ogk∑ d`h xfrfof|;kÍ ij utj j[us ds` f¥, i;Zos”d`kÍ] lqj”k foæs"KkÍ rƒk cÈMs lSU; vf|d`kfj;kÍ d`h mifLƒfr cuh jgs\ blds` v¥kok bjkd` eÍ vejhd`k Lo;a] la;qâ` jkÆV_ la? ds` vfHd`j.kÍ rƒk vU; nsækÍ ds` lg;ksx ls tu d`Y;k.d`kjh ;kstukvkÍ rƒk iquokZl d`k;Z∂`ekÍ d`ks O;kid` Lrj ij æqÔ d`j ld`rk gS\ oSf'od` vkrad`okn d`h [srh d`jus ok¥s ikfd`Lrku rƒk vœ`xkfuLrku ij fæda`tk d`lus ds` f¥, vejhd`k d`ks Hkjr ls lg;ksx rƒk ea(.k vo'; d`juh pkfg,\ nqHkZX;oæ Hkjr eÍ vkrad`okn d`ks d`'ehj ds` utfj;s ls ns[us rƒk d`'ehj ij e÷;Lƒrk tSls lads`r nsd`j vksckek us j.uhfrd` Hw¥ d`h gS\ vejhd`k us ikfd`Lrku d`ks 7 vjc MkW¥j d`h lgk;rk cÈ
d`ks vkfƒZd` lgk;rk nsus d`k vƒZ gksxk vkrad`okfn;kÍ d`ks enn igq∑pkuk\ ;g ckr Hh nhxj gS] fd` vkrad`okfn;kÍ d`ks gfƒ;kj rƒk vkfƒZd` enn igq∑pkus eÍ u flœZ` bL¥kfed` nsækÍ d`k gkƒ gS] cfYd` bleÍ phu d`h Hh ijks” Hwfed`k jgh gS\ ,sls eÍ vkrad`okn fojks|h vfH;ku eÍ Hkjr d`h mis”k d`juk vejhd`k ds` d`rbZ Bhd` ugÓ gksxk\ tkfgj gS vksckek us vHh tks d`gk gS mld`ks iRƒj d`h ¥d`hj ugÓ ekuk tk ld`rk] HfoÆ; eÍ viuh uhfr;kÍ eÍ os œs`jcn¥ Hh d`j ld`rs gß\ vksckek d`ks cqæ ds` uDæsd`ne ij p¥us ds` ctk; vkrad`okn ds` f[¥kœ` ,d` oSf'od` næZu ;k lksp d`k;e d`juh gksxh\

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lokZf|d` bLrsek¥ d`jus ok¥s fod`flr rƒk fod`klæh¥ nsækÍ d`ks ækfe¥ d`jus ls oSf'od` ˜tkZ rƒk i;kZoj.h; eqnΩnkÍ ij csgrj rjhds` ls ÷;ku fn;k tk lds`xk\ ijek.q ˜tkZ ds` eke¥s eÍ ;g ckr lR; gS] fd` bld`k ækfUriw.Z mi;ksx vo'; gksuk pkfg,\ exj bld`ks lqfuf'pr d`juk vksckek d`h cÈMh ijh”k gksxh\ tkfgj gS] ijek.q ˜tkZ ds` eqnΩns ij muls lEiw.Z fo'o d`h ;gh vis ” k gks x h fd` os HsnHkoiw.Z uhfr NksÈMd`j mnkj uhfr cukus d`h jpukRed` ig¥ d`jÍ\

if'pe ,fæ;k uhfr vjc nsækÍ ds` lkƒ btjk;¥ ds` lEcU| eÍ gesæk rukoiw.Z jgs gß\ pkjkÍ vksj ls bL¥kfed` nsækÍ ls f?js gksus ds` d`kj. btjk;¥ d`k vkæafd`r gksuk ¥kfteh gS\ o"Z 1967 eÍ btjk;¥ }kjk d`Cts eÍ f¥, x, ‘iwohZ ;Ôæ¥e’ d`h fLƒfr rƒk HfoÆ; eÍ cuus ok¥s ‘fœ`f¥Lrhu’ jkÆV_ d`h lhek,a os tfV¥ eqnΩns gß ftud`ks if'pe ,fæ;k ;k fefM¥–bZLV eÍ fookn d`h tÈM ekuk tkrk gS\ nwljh rjœ` btjk;¥ pkgrk gS fd` fœ`f¥Lrhu lfgr lHh vjc jkÆV_ mld`k vfLrRo Lohd`kj d`jÍ\ xkSjr¥c gS fd` ^ƒe fo'o;q* ds` ckn fczfVæ eÍMsV ds` rkSj ij fœ`f¥Lrhu d`k xBu fd`;k x;k ƒk\ nwljs fo'o ;q * ds` ckn tc ukth vR;kpkjkÍ d`k lp lkeus vk;k rks ;gwnh vkUnks¥u d`ks viuk eqYd` gkfl¥ gks x;k rƒk uoEcj 1947 d`ks la;qâ` jkÆV_ egklHk us btjk;¥ ds` fuekZ. d`k ^Lrko ikfjr d`j fn;k\ o"Z 1948 eÍ fczVsu us eÍMsV NksÈM fn;k\ vkSj rd`jhcu 18000 oxZ fd`eh ds` Hw–Hkx eÍ btjk;¥ vfLrRo eÍ vk;k\ ckd`h ”s( felz rƒk V_kal tkWMZu ds` v|hu p¥k x;k\ o"Z 1948 eÍ gh vjc–btjk;¥ ;q* æqÔ gks x;k\ vjc jkÆV_kÍ us btjk;¥ d`ks ekU;rk ugÓ nh\ exj la;qâ` jkÆV_ la? us gLr”si d`j 15 ebZ] 1948 eÍ btjk;¥ d`ks ,d` LorU( jkÆV_ ds` Ôi eÍ ekU;rk ns nh\ btjk;¥ o"Z 1948 ls gh ;g rdZ` nsrk vk;k gS fd` vjc jkÆV_ rƒk vjc eqfL¥e d`VΩVjiaƒh mlds` f[¥kœ` "MΩ;a( jp jgs gß\ o"Z 1969 eÍ ‘;klj vjkœ`kr’ ds` usr~Ro eÍ ‘fœ`f¥Lrhu eqfâ` laxBu’ (PLO) d`k xBu gqvk\ ftlds` lkƒ btjk;¥ ds` lEcU| gesæk rukoiw.Z jgs\ ‘xktk iVΩVh’ btjk;¥ rƒk fœ`f¥Lrhu ds` chp fookn d`h eq“; otg jgh gS\ vejhd`k rƒk fczVsu d`h e÷;Lƒrk eÍ nksukÍ jkÆV_kÍ ds` chp ækfUr iw.Z lgvfLrRo d`k;e d`jus ds` f¥, luΩ 1991 eÍ ‘eSfM_M lEes¥u’] o"Z 1993 eÍ ‘vksL¥ks le>kSrk’]

o"Z 2001 eÍ ‘dS`Ei MsfoM okrkZ’ rƒk uoEcj] 2007 eÍ ‘,uksikWf¥l okrkZ’ ·eSjh¥S≥M] ;w\ ,l\ ,\‚ Hh csurhtk jgh\ bu lHh lEes¥ukÍ eÍ vejhd`k] Ôl] ;wjksih; la? rƒk la;qâ` jkÆV_ la? }kjk fœ`f¥Lrhu jkÆV_ ds` f¥, cuk, x, jksMeSi ij nksukÍ i”kÍ eÍ vkilh lgefr ugÓ cu ikbZ\ ;klj vjkœ`kr ds` le; fœ`f¥Lrhu dq`N gn rd` ækUr jgk exj mud`h o"Z 2004 eÍ e~R;q gksus ds` ckn nksukÍ i”kÍ ds` lEcU| csgn rukoiw.Z cu x,\ ,uksikWf¥l okrkZ eÍ btjk;¥ ds` ^|kuea(h ‘vks¥eVZ’] fœ`f¥Lrhu ^kf|d`j. ds` jkÆV_ifr ‘egewn vCckl’ rƒk vjc ¥hx ds` usrkvkÍ us Hkx f¥;k\ okrkZ ds` ifj.ke vf|d` mRlkgtud` ugÓ jgs D;kÍfd` vCckl fœ`f¥Lrhu ds` vk|s fgLls d`k gh ^frfuf|Ro d`jrs gß\ twu 2007 eÍ xktk iVΩVh ij gekl d`k d`Ctk gks x;k ƒk\ o"Z 2006 eÍ gq, lalnh; pqukokÍ eÍ Hh gekl d`ks tcnZLr lœ`¥rk fe¥h ƒh] rHh ls vejhd`k] btjk;¥ rƒk jkÆV_ifr vCckl d`h ikVhZ ‘œ`rg’ d`h utjkÍ eÍ gekl fd`jfd`jh cuk gqvk gS\ tq¥kbZ] 2008 eÍ jkÆV_ifr pquko ls iwoZ vksckek btjk;¥ d`k nkSjk d`j pqds` gß\ mud`k ;g d`ƒu fd` ‘btjk;¥ d`h lqj”k d`ks utjvankt d`jds` d`ksbZ le>kSrk ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk\ btjk;¥ d`k vfLrRo rƒk igpku cjd`jkj jguh pkfg,] rƒk ‘;:æ¥e’] btjk;¥ d`h Lƒk;h jkt|kuh cuh jgsxh\ ;g d`gus ds` f¥, i;kZIr gS fd` ;»fi vksckek if'pe ,fæ;k eÍ ækfUr pkgrs gß] ijUrq btjk;¥ d`h lqj”k ,oa lkoZHkSfed`rk d`ks utjvankt ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk\ tuojh] 2009 eÍ xktk iVΩVh eÍ btjk;¥ }kjk ge¥s eÍ ¥xHx 300 ¥ksx ekjs x,] iwoZ d`h rjg gh bl ckj Hh T;knkrj vke ukxfjd`kÍ d`ks tku–ek¥ d`k uqd`lku gqvk\ vius pquko iwoZ Hk".kÍ eÍ vksckek d`k >qd`ko btjk;¥ d`h rjœ` fn[kbZ fn;k gS] exj os vius lg;ksxh vjc jkÆV_kÍ d`h vuns[h Hh ugÓ d`j ld`rs gß\ tkfgj gS if'pe ,fæ;k ds` fcxÈMrs ekgkS¥ d`ks jksd`d`j ækfUr Lƒkfir d`juk vksckek ds` f¥, cÈMh pqukSrh lkfcr gksxh\ exj mUgÍ if'pe ,fæ;k eÍ ækfUr cgk¥h ds` f¥, btjk;¥–fœ`f¥Lrhu eÍ ¥xkrkj okrkZvkÍ d`k nkSj tkjh j[uk pkfg, rƒk bl leL;k ds` lek|ku ds` f¥, d`ksbZ loZekU; g¥ <w∑<us d`h fnæk eÍ ¥xkrkj ^;kl tkjh j[us pkfg,\

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lh¥ksu }hi ·Jh¥ad`k‚ d`ks fczVsu ls Lora(rk fe¥h\ ljd`kj }kjk nsæ ds` cgqla“;d`kÍ d`h Hk"k ‘¯lg¥h’ vkf|d`kfjd` Hk"k ?ksf"r] exj vYila“;d` rfe¥kÍ us bld`k fojks| fd`;k\ 1958 ig¥h ckj nsæ eÍ rfe¥ fojks|h naxs] lSd`ÈMkÍ d`h ekSr\ 1972 nsæ x.rU( cuk] uke cn¥d`j Jh¥ad`k d`j fn;k x;k] ckS* |eZ ‘jkt|eZ’ ?ksf"r\ 1976 oh\ ^Hkd`ju us ‘f¥cjsæu Vkbxj rfe¥ bZ¥e’ (LTTE) d`h Lƒkiuk d`h\ 1983 nsæ ds` m®jh ^kar eÍ lsuk ij f¥VΩVs ds` ge¥s ds` ckn d`ks¥Ecks eÍ rfe¥ fojks|h naxs] lSd`ÈMkÍ ejs] gtkjkÍ cs?j\ 1987 Jh¥ad`k ljd`kj d`h ig¥ ij la?"Z fojke ds` f¥, Hkjr us ‘ækfUr lsuk’ Hsth] f¥VΩVs d`k le>kSrk d`jus rƒk gfƒ;kj Mk¥us ls bad`kj] ge¥kÍ eÍ 1100 Hkjrh; lSfud`kÍ us tku x∑okbZ\ 1990 rhu lk¥ ckn Hkjr us ækfUr lsuk okil cq¥kbZ] ‘tkœ`uk’ ij f¥VΩVs d`k d`Ctk\ 1991 lafnX| f¥VΩVs vkRe?krh ge¥s eÍ iwoZ Hkjrh; ^|kuea(h ‘jktho xka|h’ d`h ekSr\ 1993 Jh¥ad`kbZ jkÆV_ifr ‘vkj\ ^senklk’ d`h vkRe?krh ge¥s eÍ ekSr\ 1995 jkÆV_ifr ‘pafnzd`k dq`ekjraqx’ f¥VΩVs ds` lkƒ la?"Z fojke ds` f¥, jkth\ 1995–2001 ¥ÈMkbZ m®j ls iwoZ d`h rjœ` œS`¥h] lÍV_¥ cßd` ij vkRe?krh ge¥s eÍ 100 ¥ksxkÍ d`h ekSr] ,d` vU; ge¥s eÍ jkÆV_ifr dq`ekjraqx ?k;¥\ 2002–2005 f¥VΩVs us fonsæea(h d`h gR;k d`h\ f¥VΩVs ds` ^c¥ fojks|h jgs ‘efgUnk jkti”s’ jkÆV_ifr pquko thrs\ 2007 lsuk us iwohZ ”s( eÍ fonzksfg;kÍ d`ks [nsÈMk\ 2008 ljd`kj us la?"Z fojke [Re d`j f¥VΩVs ds` f[¥kœ` d`k;Zokgh æqÔ d`h\ 2 tuojh] 2009 lsuk us f¥VΩVs d`h ^æklfud` jkt|kuh ‘fd`f¥uksfPp’ ij thr gkfl¥ d`j f¥VΩVs ij euksoSKkfud` cÈ
ok¥s rfe¥kÍ ls vkfƒZd` enn fe¥uh Hh d`e gks xbZ\ blds` v¥kok Hkjr d`h lgkuqHwfr x∑okuk Hh f¥VΩVs ds` iru d`k ^eq[ d`kj. jgk\ 21 ebZ ] 1991 eÍ ‘isjkEcnwj’ eÍ f¥VΩVs ds` vkRe?krh ge¥s eÍ jktho xka|h d`h e~R;q ds` ckn ‘f¥VΩVs’ Hkjr d`h utjkÍ eÍ Hh pÈ< x;k\ nf”. Hkjr d`h] tks ikfVZ;k∑ f¥VΩVs d`h ^c¥ leƒZd` ekuh tkrh ƒÓ] mUgkÍus Hh cn¥rh ifjfLƒfr;kÍ eÍ ekSds` d`h utkd`r d`ks ns[rs gq, f¥VΩVs ls fd`ukjk d`juk gh csgrj le>k\ ifj.keLoÔi m®jh ^kar ds` rfe¥ cgq¥ b¥kd`kÍ eÍ f¥VΩVs ds` f[¥kœ` d`k;Zokgh d`jus ls iwoZ Jh¥ad`kbZ ljd`kj ds` tsgu eÍ Hkjr d`k tks jktuhfrd` rƒk lkefjd` ncko jgrk ƒk og [Re gks pqd`k ƒk\ vc Jh¥ad`kbZ lsuk us f¥VΩVs ds` f[¥kœ` [q¥d`j vfH;ku æqÔ d`j fn;k\ Jh¥ad`k d`h ukSlsuk us Hkjr rƒk vU; ;wjksih; nsækÍ ls fe¥us ok¥h lwpukvkÍ ds` vuqlkj 2–3 lk¥kÍ eÍ f¥VΩVs ds` d`bZ iksrkÍ d`ks uÆV d`j fn;k\ iksrkÍ ds` uÆV gksus ls f¥VΩVs d`ks gfƒ;kjkÍ d`h vkiwfrZ ckf|r gksus ¥xh\ ukSlsuk d`h rjg gh f¥VΩVs d`h ok;qlsuk Hh |hjs–|hjs [Re gksus ¥xh\ f¥VΩVs ds` dq`N foekukÍ d`ks lsuk us ekj fxjk;k] tcfd` dq ` N j[j[ko] ubZ rd`uhd` rƒk fjis;¯jx ds` vHko eÍ [jkc gksus ¥xs\ ;»fi f¥VΩVs us 26 ekpZ] 2007 d`ks d`ks¥Ecks ds` ‘dq`Vkuk;ds`’ vUrjkZÆV_h; gokbZ vMΩMs ij Hkjh ge¥k d`jds` ;g tr¥kus d`h d`ksfææ d`h fd` vHh mld`h rkd`r [Re ugÓ gqbZ gS] exj Jh¥ad`k ljd`kj le> pqd`h ƒh fd` f¥VΩVs d`h æfâ` ”h. gks pqd`h gS vkSj ;g mlds` }kjk ckS[¥kgV eÍ mBk;k x;k d`ne gS\ bld`h otgÍ Hh ƒÓ\ f¥VΩVs d`k ^eq[ d`ekaMj ‘d`Ô.k’ o"Z 2004 eÍ vius gtkjkÍ leƒZd`kÍ ds` lkƒ f¥VΩVs ls v¥x gks x;k ƒk\ d`:.k us f¥VΩVs d`h ukSlsuk d`ks [ÈMk d`jus eÍ vgeΩ ;ksxnku fn;k ƒk\ vr# d`Ô.k ds` tfj, fe¥h lwpukvkÍ ds` vk|kj ij lsuk us f¥VΩVs ds` xqIr fBd`kukÍ d`ks [Re d`jus eÍ d`ke;kch gkfl¥ d`h\ tkfgj gS d`Ô.k d`k v¥x gksuk f¥VΩVs ds` f¥, Hkjh vk?kr lkfcr gqvk\ vr# Jh¥ad`k lsuk d`ks fe¥us ok¥h lœ`¥rk,a peRd`kjh ugÓ gß] cfYd` f¥VΩVs ds` ikl gfƒ;kjkÍ rƒk |u d`h d`eh vkSj mlds` cÈMs d`ekaMj d`k mlls v¥x gksuk bld`h cÈMh otgÍ gß\

Jh¥ad`k eÍ rfe¥–¯lg¥h la?"Z d`k bfrgkl Jh¥ad`k eÍ pkj ^eq[ tkfr;k∑ gß% ¯lg¥h ·74 œ`hlnh‚] Jh¥ad`kbZ rfe¥ ·12·7 œ`hlnh‚] Hkjrh; rfe¥ ·5·5 œ`hlnh‚ rƒk eql¥eku (7·1 œ`hlnh)\ lfn;kÍ ls rfe¥kÍ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1611

rƒk ¯lgf¥;kÍ ds` chp tkjh tkrh; ¯glk Jh¥ad`k ds` f¥, ,d` H;kud` (klnh jgh gS] vxj bfrgkl d`ks xgurk ls [∑xk¥s rks irk p¥rk gS fd` rfe¥ rƒk ¯lg¥h v¥x uL¥Í ugÓ gß] cfYd` nksukÍ d`h tÈMÍ Hkjr eÍ gh gß\ ¯lgf¥;kÍ d`h jxkÍ eÍ d`¯¥x ·mÈMhlk‚ d`h ,d` jktdq`ekjh d`k [wu nkSÈMrk gS\ ‘nhioaæk’ rƒk ‘egkoaæk’ eÍ ¯lg¥ oaæ d`k jkspd` fooj. gS\ blh ^d`kj rfe¥ Hh nf”. Hkjr ls tkd`j o"ksÛ ig¥s Jh¥ad`k eÍ cls] ¥sfd`u cgqla“;d` ¯lgf¥;kÍ us d`Hh Hh mUgÍ Jh¥ad`k d`k Lƒk;h fuoklh ugÓ ekuk\ ¯lgf¥;kÍ }kjk viuk, x, HsnHkoiw.Z joS;s ds` d`kj. Jh¥ad`k tkrh; ¯glk d`h xrZ eÍ igq∑prk x;k\ o"Z 1948 eÍ Jh¥ad`k d`h vktknh ds` le; ls gh ¯lgf¥;kÍ us rfe¥kÍ d`ks nks;e ntsZ d`k ukxfjd` ekuk rƒk mu ij vR;kpkj æqÔ fd`, x,\ bl tkrh; ¯glk ds` cht cksus eÍ vaxzstkÍ d`h Hwfed`k Hh d`e ugÓ jgh] ftUgkÍus vkfƒZd` æks". ds` f¥, lEiw.Z lh¥ksu ·Jh¥ad`k‚ d`ks ,d` nsæ ekuk] ijUrq jktuSfrd` œ`k;ns ds` f¥, mls tkrh; vk|kj ij ck∑V fn;k\ luΩ 1956 eÍ ‘Hk"k d`kuwu’ ds` vk|kj ij ¯lg¥h Hk"k d`ks vkf|d`kfjd` Hk"k d`k ntkZ fn;k x;k] bld`k rfe¥kÍ us rhoz fojks| fd`;k\ blds` ckn rfe¥kÍ ij vR;kpkjkÍ d`k nkSj æqÔ gks x;k\ luΩ 1958 eÍ okgukÍ ij ¯lg¥h Hk"k eÍ ,lvkjvkbZ f¥[uk vfuok;Z d`j fn;k\ rfe¥kÍ us rfe¥ Hk"k d`ks Hh ljd`kjh Hk"k cukus d`h ek∑x d`h\ cn¥s eÍ tkrh; naxs HÈMd` mBs] rfe¥kÍ d`h ¥wVikV rƒk gR;k,a d`h tkus ¥xÓ\ rfe¥kÍ d`h lEif®;kÍ d`ks uÆV d`j fn;k x;k rƒk muds` [srkÍ d`ks t¥k fn;k x;k\ d`bZ LƒkukÍ ij rfe¥kÍ d`ks ¯tnk t¥k, tkus d`h [cjÍ vkbÛ\ blh eqnΩns ij luΩ 1961 eÍ ¯glk ds` ckn vkikrd`k¥ d`h ?ks".k d`j nh xbZ\ blds` ckn o"Z 1966 eÍ tkrh; ¯glk fœ`j HÈMd` mBh\ luΩ 1972 eÍ Jh¥ad`k x.ra( cu x;k] exj u, lafo|ku eÍ Hh rfe¥kÍ d`h vuns[h d`jrs gq, ckS* |eZ d`ks jkt|eZ rƒk ¯lg¥h Hk"k d`ks jktHk"k ?ksf"r d`j fn;k x;k\ æklu–^æklu eÍ rfe¥kÍ d`h Hwfed`k,a rƒk muds` vf|d`kjkÍ d`ks csgn lhfer d`j fn;k x;k\ l®k eÍ vkus ok¥h ^eq[ ikfVZ;k∑ ‘;wukbVsM usæu¥ ikVhZ’ rƒk ‘Jh¥ad`k ≠`hMe ikVhZ’ ds` usrk cgqla“;d` ¯lgf¥;kÍ d`h ethZ ds` f[¥kœ` d`ksbZ Hh d`ne mBkus ls ¥kpkj ƒs\ vr# rfe¥kÍ eÍ ;g ckr |hjs–|hjs ?j d`jus ¥xh fd` fcuk gfƒ;kj mBk, mUgÍ vius vf|d`kj fe¥us ok¥s ugÓ gß\ Jh¥ad`k eÍ ¯glk] naxkÍ] vjktd`rk rƒk vkikrd`k¥ d`k fl¥fl¥k æqÔ gks x;k\ rfe¥kÍ ds` f[¥kœ` 1956, 1958, 1977, 1981 rƒk 1983 eÍ Hh".

naxs gq, ftleÍ gtkjkÍ rfe¥ ekjs x, vkSj d`bZ ?k;¥ gq, rƒk d`jksÈMkÍ d`h lEif® uÆV gks xbZ\ ^Hkd`ju us rfe¥kÍ ds` vk∂`ksæ d`ks vPNh rjg ij[k rƒk mUgÍ ,d` v¥x LorU( jkÆV_ d`k liuk fn[kd`j luΩ 1976 eÍ ‘rfe¥ ;wukbVsM f¥cjsæu ≠a`V’ (TULF) d`h Lƒkiuk d`h] tks iwoZ eÍ xfBr ‘rfe¥ ;wukbVsM ≠a`V’ (TUF) d`k gh ifjofrZr uke ƒk\ ;gh laxBu ckn eÍ ‘f¥VΩVs’ cu x;k\ o"Z 1981 rƒk 1983 eÍ rfe¥kÍ ij ,d` ckj fœ`j ls O;kid` Lrj ij vR;kpkj æq Ô gq,\ ;»fi vieku d`h vkx eÍ t¥ jgs rfe¥kÍ d`ks muds` vf|d`kj fn¥kus ds` f¥, vLlh ds` næd` eÍ vU; rfe¥ laxBu Hh mHjs] exj f¥VΩVs lcls æfâ`æk¥h cu x;k\ fœ`j Hh rfe¥kÍ ij vR;kpkjkÍ d`k nkSj ;gÓ ugÓ :d`k] cfYd` muds` f[¥kœ` vkfƒZd` ukds`canh Hh d`h tkus ¥xh] ;gk∑ rd` mUgÍ fpfd`Rlk] LokLF;] fæ”k tSlh cqfu;knh lqfo|kvkÍ ls Hh oafpr d`j fn;k\ ;g rfe¥kÍ ds` f¥, csgn cqjk nkSj ƒk\ mud`h nqnZæk d`ks ns[rs gq, lgkuqHwfr oæ Hkjr us luΩ 1986 eÍ 20 ukSd`kvkÍ ds` lkƒ jkgr rƒk [k» lkexzh tkœ`uk d`h vksj jokuk d`j nh] ¥sfd`u Jh¥ad`kbZ lsuk us bUgÍ chp jkLrs eÍ gh vkxs cÈ<us ls jksd` fn;k] exj luΩ 1987 eÍ Jh¥ad`k d`h ljd`kj d`h ukds`cUnh ds` ckotwn Hkjr us vius ik∑p ‘AN– 32’ foekukÍ ls tkœ`uk eÍ 140 Vu jkgr lkexzh fxjkbZ\ bld`k Jh¥ad`k ljd`kj us rks ?ksj fojks| fd`;k] ijUrq rfe¥kÍ d`h nqnZæk d`ks ns[rs gq, fo'o Lrj ij Hkjr ds` bl d`ne d`k [kl fojks| ugÓ gqvk\ 29 tq¥kbZ] 1987 d`ks Jh¥ad`kbZ jkÆV_ifr ‘t;o*Zus’ rƒk Hkjrh; ^|kuea(h us Jh¥ad`k eÍ tkrh; ¯glk ds` Bksl lek|ku ds` f¥, ,d` le>kSrs ij gLrk”j fd`,\ ¯lgf¥;kÍ us bl le>kSrs d`ks tgk∑ rfe¥ fgrkÍ d`k iks"d` ekud`j bld`k fojks| æqÔ d`j fn;k] ogÓ f¥VΩVs ^eq[ ^Hkd`ju us bls ,d` |ks[k d`gd`j ekuus ls bad`kj d`j fn;k\ 31 tq¥kbZ] 1987 d`ks Lonsæ okilh ds` Bhd` ig¥s l¥keh xkjn ds` nkSjku ,d` ¯lg¥h lSfud` }kjk jktho xka|h ij gq, ^k.?krd` ge¥s ds` ckn le>kSrs d`h ^klafxd`rk ¥xHx [Re gks xbZ ƒh\ bUgÓ vulq¥>s gk¥krkÍ eÍ luΩ 1987 eÍ Hkjr us Jh¥ad`k eÍ ækfUr cgk¥h ds` f¥, ‘ækfUr lsuk’ ·bafM;u ihl d`h¯ix œ`kslZ‚ Hsth\ ;g ækfUr lsuk luΩ 1990 rd` Jh¥ad`k eÍ jgh\ bl nkSjku f¥VΩVs ds` la?"Z eÍ 1100 lSfud`kÍ rƒk vf|d`kfj;kÍ d`ks viuh tku x∑okuh iÈMh\ blds` f¥, jktho xka|h d`ks vk¥kspuk,a rd` >s¥uh iÈMÓ\ ;gk∑ rd` fd` ækfUr lsuk ds` enzkl gokbZ vMΩMs ij

igq ∑ p us ij rfe¥ukMq ds ` rRd`k¥hu eq“;ea(h ‘d`:.k fuf|’ us Hkjrh; lSfud`kÍ d`h vxqokbZ d`juk Hh tÔjh ugÓ le>k\ blds` ckn f¥VΩVs rƒk lsuk ds` chp >ÈMiÍ rst gks xbÛ\ f¥VΩVs us tkœ`uk ^k;}hi ls Jh¥ad`kbZ lsuk d`ks [nsÈM fn;k\ Jh¥ad`k ds` m®jh ^kar ds` lkefjd` n~fÆV ls vfr egRoiw.Z HkxkÍ ij f¥VΩVs d`k d`Ctk gks x;k\ o"Z 1993 eÍ f¥VΩVs ds` vkRe?krh ge¥s eÍ jkÆV_ifr vkj\ ^senklk d`h ekSr gks xbZ\ ;g nkSj f¥VΩVs d`k pje ij igq∑pus d`k ƒk\ ;gk∑ rd` fd` f¥VΩVs ds` cÈ
D;k Jh¥ad`k eÍ ækfUr Lƒkfir gks ik,xh= Jh¥ad`k eÍ tkrh; ¯glk ds` p¥rs ¥ksxkÍ d`h c¥h pÈ< pqd`h gS] exj gk¥kr ig¥s tSls gh gß\ gk∑ bl ¥Ecs la?"Z ls Jh¥ad`kbZ ljd`kj d`ks ;g le> tÔj vk x;h gS fd` rfe¥kÍ d`ks laoS|kfud` rƒk leku vf|d`kjkÍ ls vf|d` le; rd` oafpr ugÓ j[k tk ld`rk\ nwljh rjœ` rfe¥kÍ d`ks Hh bl ckr d`k vkHkl gks pqd`k gS fd` mud`h Lora( jkÆV_ tSlh vo|kj.k d`Hh iwjh ugÓ gks ld`rh\ v¥c®k Jh¥ad`kbZ ljd`kj ls jpukRed` okrkZ d`jds` leku ukxfjd` vf|d`kj ^kIr d`juk mud`k ¥{; gS\ vc ;g ns[uk ckd`h gS fd` D;k Jh¥ad`k ljd`kj ¯lgf¥;ks d`h ethZ ds` f[¥kœ` tkd`j rfe¥kÍ d`ks leku ukxfjd` vf|d`kj nsus d`k lkgl d`jrh gS\ vƒok ugÓ= ;g eqf'd`¥ d`ke tÔj gS] exj vlEHo ugÓ\ bld`h lœ`¥rk bl ckr ij fuHZj d`jrh gS fd` Jh¥ad`k ljd`kj] ¯lgf¥;kÍ d`ks fd`l ^d`kj euokrh gS= blds` d`bZ rjhds` gks ld`rs gß\ el¥u Jh¥ad`k ljd`kj d`ks ¯lgf¥;kÍ eÍ ;g fo'okl iSnk d`jus ds` f¥, ekgkS¥ cukuk gksxk fd` rfe¥kÍ d`ks leku ukxfjd` vf|d`kj nsus ls muds` lkekftd`–vkfƒZd` rƒk jktuSfrd` vf|d`kjkÍ ij d`ksbZ œ`dZ` ugÓ iÈMsxk\ ¯lgf¥;kÍ d`ks eukus ds` f¥, ƒksÈMk oâ` vo'; ¥x ld`rk gS] exj 74000

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1612

blds` f¥, Jh¥ad`k ljd`kj d`ks ld`kjkRed` rƒk jpukRed` ekgkS¥ rS;kj d`juk iÈMsxk\ blds` f¥, Jh¥ad`k ljd`kj d`ks nksukÍ leqnk;kÍ ds` ^frfuf|;kÍ rƒk cqf*thoh oxksÛ ds` lkƒ ¥xkrkj fopkj–foeæZ d`jds` d`ksbZ jpukRed` g¥ fud`k¥d`j vke jk; d`k;e d`juh pkfg,\ nwljh rjœ` rfe¥kÍ d`h ek∑x Hh ig¥s ls ;gh jgh gS fd` mUgÍ leku ukxfjd` vf|d`kj ^nku fd`, tk,a rƒk mud`h Hk"k–|eZ ,oa laLÎ`fr ds` f[¥kœ` ?~.k NksÈMd`j mls ;ƒksfpr Lƒku fn;k tk,\ ns[k tk, rks Jh¥ad`k leL;k ,d` cgqr tfV¥ el¥k ugÓ ƒk] ijUrq ogk∑ ds` ækld`kÍ d`h vnwjnæhZ] HsnHko iw.Z ,oa rqfÆVd`j. d`h uhfr;kÍ rƒk f¥VΩVs ds` vfÈM;¥ :[ ds` d`kj. ;g leL;k cn ls cnrj curh xbZ\ njvl¥ tkrh; vk|kj ij JsÆBrk d`k }Un gh bld`h ^eq[ otg jgh gS\ ,d` rks ¯lg¥h] tkrh; vk|kj ij rfe¥kÍ d`ks fuEu rƒk ckgj ds` æj.kƒhZ ekurs gß nwljh rjœ` ogk∑ d`h ljd`kj us ¥xkrkj ¯lgf¥;kÍ d`h fgek;r d`jds` Jh¥ad`k d`ks vkx eÍ >kßd`us d`k d`ke fd`;k\ Jh¥ad`k ljd`kj d`ks ;g ckr vPNh rjg le> ¥suh pkfg, fd` tkrh; rƒk lkE^nkf;d` cgq¥rk ds` vk|kj ij uhfr;k∑ cukd`j fd`lh Hh ¥ksd`rkaf(d` jkÆV_ eÍ ækfUr ,oa lnΩHkouk d`h Lƒkiuk ugÓ d`h tk ld`rh gS\ vc vxj Jh¥ad`k ljd`kj bl el¥s ds` ækfUriww.Z lek|ku d`h vksj d`k;Z d`juk pkgrh gS] rks mld`ks blds` jpukRed` lek|ku ds` fod`YikÍ d`h r¥kæ Hh d`juh gksxh\ ;fn ljd`kj bl fnæk eÍ ^frc*rk fn[krh gS] rks bleÍ d`ksbZ nks jk; ugÓ fd` |hjs–|hjs rfe¥ rƒk ¯lg¥h leqnk; Hh ,d`-nwljs d`h jktuhfrd`] lkekftd` rƒk lkaLÎ`frd` lE^Hqrk d`ks Lohd`kj d`jus ¥xÍxs\ bu nksukÍ leqnk;kÍ eÍ ;g Hkouk iSnk d`juk tÔjh gS fd` os tÈMkÍ ls ,d` gß\ rƒk tkfr–leqnk; ls ˜ij ,d` jkÆV_ ds` ftEesnkj ukxfjd` gß ,oa mUgÍ lkƒ fe¥d`j jkÆV_ d`h mUufr ds` f¥, d`k;Z d`juk gS\ f¥VΩVs ds` lœ`k, ds` ckn Hh ;fn Jh¥ad`k ljd`kj iqjkuh x¥fr;k∑ nksgjkrh gS] rks f¥VΩVs ;k fœ`j f¥VΩVs tSls fd`lh vksj laxBu d`ks iquthZfor gksus eÍ vf|d` le; ugÓ ¥xsxk rƒk tkrh; ¯glk d`k u;k nkSj æqÔ gks tk,xk\ vr# Hkjr lfgr reke nsæ ;gh pkgrs gß fd` Jh¥ad`k ljd`kj fuÆi” joS;k viukrs gq, rfe¥kÍ d`ks leku ukxfjd` ,oa laoS|kfud` vf|d`kj ^nku d`js\ jkÆV_ifr efgUnk jkti”s bl eqnΩns ds` Bksl] Lƒk;h rƒk ækfUriww.Z lek|ku ds` f¥, fd`ruh ^frc*rk fn[krs gß] ;g ns[uk ckd`h gS\ ●●●

æs" i~ÆB 1602 d`k MkW\ Vslh ƒkWel ,oa mud`h Vhe d`ks ^|kuea(h MkW\ eueksgu ¯lg 12 ebZ] 2008 d`ks lEekfur d`j pqds` gß\ f(æwj bathfu;¯jx egkfo»k¥; d`k¥hd`V ls ch\ Vsd` ,oa felkb¥kÍ ds` ”s( eÍ iq.s fo'ofo»k¥; ls ,e\ Vsd` d`jus ok¥h MkW\ Vslh ƒkWel lkWf¥M flLVe ^ksis¥ÍV d`h foæs"K gß\ os luΩ 1988 ls j”k vuqla|ku ,oa fod`kl laxBu eÍ viuh Hkxhnkjh fuHk jgh gß\ tc vfXu –3 felkb¥ d`k ig¥k ijh”. vlœ`¥ jgk ƒk rks mlds` ckn mld`h leh”k d`jus ds` f¥, MkW\ Vslh ƒkWel d`ks ¥xk;k x;k ƒk\ mUgkÍus cÈMh ¥xu o d`ÈMh esgur ls ml ijh”. d`h [kfe;k∑ <wÈ<Ó vkSj mUgÍ nwj d`jus ds` ckn 7 ebZ] 2008 d`ks vfXu–3 felkb¥ d`k lœ`¥ ijh”. fd`;k x;k\ MkW\ ƒkWel bl le; 3000 fd`eh d`h nwjh rd` ekj d`jus ok¥h vfXu–3 felkb¥ d`k;Z∂`e d`h ,lksfl,V ^kstsDV Mk;jsDVj gß\ mUgÍ vfXu felkb¥kÍ d`h xkbMÍl ^.k¥h d`k fMtkbu cukus d`h ftEesnkjh l∑Hk¥us rƒk vius ”s( eÍ egkjr gkfl¥ gksus ds` d`kj. bl cÈMh ftEesnkjh eÍ ¥xk;k x;k gS\ MkW\ Vslh ƒkWel d`h U;wfD¥vj ”erk ok¥h vfXu–2 , felkb¥ ds` vfr mUur laLd`j. ds` ^kstsDV Mk;jsDVj ds` in ij igq∑pus d`h mi¥fC| ds` ihNs fuf'pr Ôi ls mud`h ;ksX;rk o esgur ds` lkƒ–lkƒ 20 o"ksÛ rd` ,d` ifj;kstuk eÍ lf∂`; jgus d`h mud`h ,d`kxzrk gS\ ;g mi¥fC| mu ¥ksxkÍ ds` f¥, Hh ,d` mnkgj. gS tks osru ds` ¥k¥p eÍ nsæ lsok d`h ukSd`jh NksÈMd`j vU;( p¥s tkrs gß\ fofnr gks fd` xr pkj–ik∑p o"ksÛ d`h vof| eÍ j”k vuqla|ku ,oa fod`kl laxBu ds` vusd` oSKkfud`kÍ o bathfu;jkÍ us T;knk osru ds` ¥k¥p eÍ ukSd`jh NksÈM nh gS\ LorU(rk ^kfIr ds` ckn fofo| ”s(kÍ eÍ efg¥kvkÍ ds` ;ksxnku ds` ckn vc jkÆV_ d`h lqj”k ds` ”s( eÍ efg¥kvkÍ d`h cÈ
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ƒkÔ tksfd` Hkjr d`h tutkfr;kÍ eÍ ls ,d` ^eq[ tutkfr gS\ bld`k foLrkj m®j Hkjr ds` rjkbZ ”s(kÍ m®jk[≥M jkT; ds` tuin m|e¯lg uxj ls ¥sd`j m®j ^nsæ ds` ih¥hHhr] ¥[heiqj [hjh] xks≥Mk] cgjkbp] xksj[iqj] c¥jkeiqj] JkoLrh] fl*kƒZ uxj] egkjktxat o fcgkj jkT; ds` if'peh pEikj. ft¥kÍ rd` gS\ ƒkÔvkÍ ds` bl lEiw.Z ”s( d`ks ‘ƒkÔvkj’ uke ls tkuk tkrk gS\ ;g lEiw.Z ƒkÔvkj ”s( n¥n¥h gS tksfd` ¥xHx 15,500 oxZ fd`eh ”s( eÍ foLr~r gS ftld`h ¥EckbZ ¥xHx 600 fd`eh o pkSÈMkbZ ¥xHx 30 fd`eh rd` gS\ bl ”s( eÍ o"kZ d`k vkf|D; gksus ds` d`kj. ;gk∑ d`h Hwfe n¥n¥h gS ftlds` d`kj. ;gk∑ ?kl o >kfÈM;k∑ cgqrk;r eÍ ikbZ tkrh gß tksfd` iæqvkÍ ds` pkjs ds` Ôi eÍ ^;ksx eÍ vkrh gß\ ;gk∑ phÈM] cÍr] eawt vkfn Hh ^pqj ek(k eÍ ikbZ tkrs gß\ o"kZ vf|d` gksus o n¥n¥h ”s( gksus ds` d`kj. ;gk∑ ePNjkÍ d`h vf|d`rk gS rƒk okrkoj. vLokLF;d`j gS ftlds` p¥rs bu ”s(kÍ d`ks ‘e~R;q d`k nsæ’ Hh d`grs gß\

ƒkÔ tutkfr d`h mRif® ƒkÔ d`h mRif® ds` lEcU| eÍ dq`N fo}kukÍ d`k er gS fd` rjkbZ ds` fuokfl;kÍ d`ks rkÔ d`g d`j lEcksf|r fd`;k tkrk ƒk tks æCn ckn eÍ ƒkÔ eÍ ifjofrZr gks x;k\ dq`N vU; fo}kukÍ ds` vuqlkj ƒkj æCn d`k vƒZ gS efnjk vkSj ƒkÔ d`k rkRi;Z efnjk ihus ok¥k vkSj okLro eÍ ƒkÔ tkfr ds` ¥ksx ikuh d`h Hk∑fr efnjk d`k lsou d`jrs gß\ ƒkÔvkÍ d`h mRif® ds` lEcU| eÍ ,d` er ;g Hh gS fd` ;s okLro eÍ jktiwrkÍ ds` oaæt gß bud`k ew¥ fuokl Lƒku fp®kSÈM gS vkSj fp®kSÈM ij tc eql¥ekukÍ d`k vk∂`e. gqvk rks jktiwrkÍ us vius ?j d`h efg¥kvkÍ d`ks vius ukSd`jkÍ ds` lkƒ rjkbZ ds` lqjf”r tax¥kÍ eÍ Hst fn;k\ d`k¥kUrj eÍ bu fL(;kÍ d`k lEcU| bUgÓ ukSd`j iq:"kÍ ds` lkƒ gqvk\ ;g lEcU| ,d` lfU| ds` Ôi eÍ vfLrRo eÍ vk;k tksfd` ∏uwu ¥ksVkπ lfU| ds` Ôi eÍ tkuk tkrk gS\ bl lfU| ds` vUrxZr ¥ksVs eÍ uwu ·ued`‚ fe¥k ikuh Mk¥d`j mld`h lk{kh eÍ jktiwr efg¥kvkÍ o muds` ukSd`jkÍ ds` ;qx¥kÍ us ,d`–nwljs ds` gks tkus d`h lkSxU| [kbZ] fd`Urq jktiwr izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1613

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osæHw"k ƒkÔ lekt ds` iq:" ¥axksVh d`h rjg |ksrh rƒk dq`rkZ o cfu;ku igurs gß\ dq`N ”s(kÍ ds` ƒkÔ lnjh ,oa Vksih d`k Hh ^;ksx d`jrs gß\ ƒkÔ fL(;k∑ cwVsnkj jaxhu ¥g∑xk] pks¥h] dq`rhZ ,oa vksÈ
eqfnzd`k] d`¥kbZ eÍ d`ÈMk] HqtkvkÍ ij HqtcUn] x¥s eÍ pk∑nh ds` flDd`kÍ ls cuk gkj] d`kukÍ eÍ >qed`k] ckf¥;k∑] ukd` eÍ uƒuh] flj ij pk∑nh ds` rkjkÍ ls cuk gqvk ?w∑?V] ik∑okÍ eÍ ?q∑?qÔ ok¥s d`ÈMs ;k iktsc bR;kfn igurh gß\ fL(;k∑ gkƒ] eq∑g o HqtkvkÍ ij xksnus xqnokrh gß\ iq:" Hh xksnus xqnokrs gß vkSj viuk uke f¥[okrs gß] tcfd` fL(;k∑ vius ifr d`k uke f¥[okrh gß\

vkokl ƒkÔ tutkfr ds` ¥ksx viuk ?j fe±h vkSj bÛVkÍ ls ugÓ cukrs] ed`ku cukus ds` f¥, os ¥d`ÈMh ds` ¥VΩBs vkSj ujdq`¥ vkfn d`k ^;ksx d`jrs gß] D;kÍfd` bu ”s(kÍ eÍ ckÈ< d`h lEHkouk vf|d` jgrh gS buds` ?jkÍ eÍ ^osæ }kj nf”. ds` vkf[jh d`ejs ls gksrk gS\ }kj d`k eq[ lnSo iwoZ d`h vksj jgrk gS] buds` ?jkÍ eÍ jlksbZ o iwtk ?j m®j ds` vkf[jh d`ejs eÍ gksrk gS\ ?j ds` lkeus vukt dw`Vus d`k Lƒku o iæqvkÍ d`ks ck∑|us ds` f¥, NIij iÈMs jgrs gß\ ƒkÔvkÍ d`h ,d` mitkfr ,slh Hh gksrh gS ftuds` ed`ku d`k ^osæ }kj nf”. ds` ctk; m®j d`h vksj gksrk gS mud`h bl mYVh ^ƒk ds` d`kj. gh ;g tkfr ‘m¥Vgok’ ds` uke ls tkuh tkrh gS\ buds` ed`ku cgqr cÈMs gksrs gß] bueÍ vusd` d`ejs gksrs gß\ bld`k eq“; d`kj. vf|d`kaæ ƒkÔ la;qâ` ifjokj eÍ jguk ilUn d`jrs gß\ nhokjkÍ ij ƒkÔ fL(;kÍ }kjk [fÈM, ls gkƒh] ?ksÈMs rƒk vU; fp( cuk, tkrs gß\ ^R;sd` ?j ds` lkeus ,d` NksVk efUnj gksrk gS ftleÍ pcwrjs ij d`k¥h] nqxkZ rƒk Bkdq`j vkfn nsoh–nsorkvkÍ d`h iwtk d`h tkrh gS\

fookg ƒkÔvkÍ eÍ fookg eq“;r# ek? ds` eghus eÍ gh lEiUu gksrs gß\ xk∑o ds` ckgj jg jgs eesjs vkSj œq`œs`js HkbZ cgukÍ eÍ ;s ¥ksx fookg lEcU| Lohd`kj d`j ¥srs gß] ijUrq ekSlsjs HkbZ-cfgukÍ ds` chp fookg oftZr jgrk gS\ fd`lh le; eÍ bu ¥ksxkÍ eÍ cgukÍ ds` vknku–^nku d`h ^ƒk ^pf¥r ƒh] fd`Urq ;g fLƒfr orZeku eÍ lekIr gks pqd`h gS\ fookg d`h ckrphr fd`lh e÷;Lƒ] ftls ‘e>kifr;k’ d`grs gß] ds` ek÷;e ls gksrh gS\ fookg ^f∂`;k ds` pkj Lrj gksrs gß\ (1) fn[ukSjh%e÷;Lƒ ·e>kifr;k‚ ds` ek÷;e ls tc o|q i” ds` ¥ksx oj i” ds` ;gk∑ tkd`j oj d`ks ns[rs gß rƒk fookg d`k ^Lrko j[rs gß] rks bl jLe d`ks fn[ukSjh d`grs gß\ ;g fookg ^f∂`;k d`h ig¥h jLe gksrh gS\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1614

(2) iDd`h iksÈkifr;k‚ ds` ek÷;e ls tc oj ,oa o|q i” ds` e÷; fookg r; gks tkrk gS] rks mls iDd`h iksÈ
tkrk gS\ ƒkÔ lqcg ds` uk'rs d`ks ‘d`¥sok’ nksigj ds` Hkstu d`ks ‘fetuh’ rƒk lk;a d`k¥ ds` Hkstu d`ks ‘csjh’ d`grs gß\

vkLƒk

fujUrj fgUnw laLÎ`fr ds` ^Hko eÍ jgus ds` d`kj. ƒkÔvkÍ ij fgUnqvkÍ ds` |kfeZd` fo'oklkÍ vkSj ekU;rkvkÍ d`k Hh d`kœ`h ^Hko gS\ iq:" oxZ ?uh pksfV;k∑ j[rs gß] tks fgUnqRo d`k »ksrd` gS\ fgUnqvkÍ d`h Hk∑fr buds` Hh vusd` nsoh–nsork gß tSls Hwwelsu ;k Hwfe;k ·HwbZ;k‚] nqxkZ] d`k¥h] æhr¥k] Tok¥k% ikoZrh] æad`j] jke] Î`Æ.] gYd`k ,oa iwokZ vkfn\ ƒkÔ ¥ksx Hwelsu ;k Hwfe;k ·HwbZ;k‚ d`ks mi;qZâ` lHh nsoh–nsorkvkÍ eÍ ^eq[ ekurs gß\ lHh ^eq[ mRlokÍ ,oa ioksÛ eÍ lcls ig¥s Hwelsu ;k Hwfe;k nsoh d`h iwtk d`jrs gß\ ƒkÔ ¥ksx nsoh–nsorkvkÍ ls vf|d` rU(– eU(] tknw–Vksus o Hwr–^srkÍ ij vf|d` fo'okl d`jrs gß\ ƒkÔ eq“;r# nks ^d`kj d`h vkRekvkÍ d`ks ekurs gß\ (1) iNkSoku%tksfd` ƒkÔ lekt d`k d`Y;k. d`jrh gS\ (2) [MΩxk Hwr#%;g ƒkÔ tutkfr ij d`gj cjlkrh gS bu nksukÍ vkRekvkÍ d`h nsorkvkÍ ds` Ôi eÍ iwtk d`h tkrh gS\ bu vkRekvkÍ ds` vfrfjâ` vkSj Hh vkRek,a gß ftud`h iwtk ;s ¥ksx d`jrs gß\ tSls ioZrh;%ftlds` v^lUu gksus ij chekfj;kÍ d`k ^d`ksi gksrk gS\ bl ^d`ksi ls cpus ds` f¥, gou fd`;k tkrk gS\ iqU;fxjh%tksfd` cPpkÍ d`ks nq#[ nsrh gS cÈMh nqÆV vkRek gksrh gS vr# bls Hh ^lUu d`jus ds` f¥, iwtk d`h tkrh gS\ blh ^d`kj ouLifr vkRek isÈMkÍ ij jgrh gS ftlds` dq`^Hko ls ouLifr;kÍ d`k foukæ gksrk gS rƒk iRƒjkÍ eÍ fuokl d`jus ok¥h vkRek vfjek¥ ;k Hkjkek¥ gS\ bl ^d`kj ls bueÍ d`bZ ^d`kj ds` vU|fo'okl lekfgr gß\ jksx fuokj.] œ`l¥kÍ ,oa iæqvkÍ d`h j”k] æknh-fookg] lUrkuksRif®] ^seh–^sfed`k fe¥u vkfn d`h ^kfIr ds` f¥, ;s ¥ksx vkt Hh rU(–eU(] tknw–Vksuk d`jrs gß\ tknw–Vksus d`h d`¥k d`ks tkuus Hkstu ok¥k HjÈMk ;k HjkZ d`g¥krk gS\ bld`ks ƒkÔvkÍ ds` Hkstu d`k le; fu|kZfjr ƒkÔ lekt eÍ d`kœ`h lEeku d`h n~fÆV ls jgrk gS\ bud`k eq“; Hkstu ekal] eN¥h ns[k tkrk gS\ rƒk pko¥ gS\ efnjk bud`k eq“; is; gS\ R;kSgkj bls os pko¥ ds` }kjk Lo;a cukrs gß ftls fgUnqvkÍ d`h Hk∑fr ƒkÔvkÍ eÍ Hh os ∏tkMπ d`grs gß\ lHh mRlokÍ ,oa æqH nægjk] gks¥h] ek? d`h f[pÈMh] nhiko¥h] voljkÍ ij ;s ¥ksx [q¥d`j efnjk d`k Î`Æ. tUekÆVeh] vk"kÈ
lelkef;d` foKku ,oa oSKkfud` ¥s[

o"Z 2008 eÍ ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ls uokts x, fo'o ds` ;s egkuΩ oSKkfud`  txukjk;.

ekuork d`ks fujkin thou ^nku d`jus d`h fnæk eÍ fo'o oSKkfud` leqnk; ¥xkrkj ^;Ruæh¥ gS\ bu oSKkfud`kÍ us vius ekuo fgrd`kjh ^;klkÍ ds` Ôi eÍ jksxkÍ ls ¥ÈMus ds` lk|u mi¥C| d`jkus ds` lkƒ gh ,s l s uohu lk|ukÍ d`h Hh [kst d`h gS ftlls vke vkneh d`h ftUnxh vklku gksus ds` lkƒ gh jksx] Hq[ejh vHkokÍ ls Hh futkr fe¥h gS\ vkt d`k oSKkfud` leqnk; ,slh [kstkÍ ds` f¥, ¥xkrkj ^;RujrΩ gS] ftlls d`¥ bUlku pSukÍ vkjke vkS j vHkojfgr ftUnxh th lds`\ ;»fi foKku ds` }kjk foukæd` [kstkÍ d`k ¥Eck fl¥fl¥k gS\ fgjksfæek vkSj ukxklkd`h ij fxjk ce foKku d`k foukæ ok¥k i” gS\ vkt nqfu;k ds` d`bZ nsækÍ ds` ikl fgjksfæek vkSj ukxklkd`h ij fxjk, x, ce ls gtkjkÍ xquk vf|d` lagkjd` ce fxjk, tkus ds` f¥, rS;kj iÈMs gß\ lquus eÍ rks ;gk∑ rd` vk jgk gS fd` lkjh nqfu;k d`ks vkrad` d`h |ed`h nsus ok¥s laxBukÍ ds` ikl Hh bl rjg ds` lagkjd` ”erk ds` ce vkSj jklk;fud` gfƒ;kjkÍ d`k t[hjk tek gS\ bu lcds` ckotwn foKku ds` ekuo fgrd`kjh ^;ksx eÍ ¥xs oSKkfud`kÍ us Vh\ch\] dß`lj] ,MΩl] I¥sx] pspd` lfgr reke d`ÆVd`kjh jksxkÍ ij ¥xke d`lus d`k d`ke fd`;k gS\ bl fnæk eÍ d`k;Z d`j jgs fo'oHj ds` oSKkfud`kÍ d`ks lEekfur vkSj iqjLÎ`r d`j mUgÍ ekuork d`h lsok ds` f¥, rRij d`jus ds` f¥, fofHUu ”s(kÍ eÍ lEeku ,oa iqjLd`kj ^nku d`jus d`k d`ke Hh gks jgk gS\ ekuo fgrd`kjh oSKkfud` d`k;ksÛ ds` f¥, fn, tkus ok¥s iqjLd`kjkÍ eÍ ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj d`k Lƒku lcls ˜∑pk gS\ ukWosZ d`h ‘ukscs¥ ifj"nΩ’ uked` laLƒk d`h vksj ls ^fro"Z ekuork ds` fgrkƒZ fd`, tkus ok¥h oSKkfud` [kstkÍ ds` f¥, HkSfrd`h] jlk;u vkSj fpfd`Rlk foKku ds` ”s( eÍ ^fro"Z ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ^nku fd`;k tkrk gS] ftleÍ ^R;sd` fo"; ”s( eÍ [kst d`jus ok¥s oSKkfud`kÍ d`ks foæs" iqjLd`kj ^nku d`j lEekfur fd`;k tkrk gS\ o"Z 2008 ds` f¥, bu rhukÍ fo";kÍ ds` rhu-rhu oSKkfud`kÍ d`ks muds` fo'oLrjh; ekuo fgrd`kjh oSKkfud` æks| ds` f¥, ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ^nku fd`;k x;k gS\ ;g la;ksx gh d`gk ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1615

tk,xk fd` ^R;sd` iqjLd`kjh; fo"; eÍ rhurhu oSKkfud`kÍ d`ks la;qDr Ôi eÍ ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ^nku d`j lEekfur fd`;k x;k gS\ ^Lrqr gS foKku ds` ”s( eÍ muds` }kjk fd`, x, ekuo fgrd`kjh æks| d`k;ksÛ ds` lkƒ gh iqjLd`kjkÍ d`k fo";okj fooj.% jlk;u foKku%jlk;u foKku eÍ ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ds ` f¥, bl o"Z ^Î`fr ds` vk'p;Ztud` d`fj'es ds` Ôi eÍ fo'oHj ds` oSKkfud`kÍ ds` f¥, ‘okbV¥ ¥So Vw¥’ cuh vejhd`k ds` if'peh rV ij ikbZ tkus ok¥h ped` fc[sjus eÍ l”e ‘tS¥hfœ`æ’ uked` pfpZr eN¥h d`ks vk|kj cukd`j fd`, x, æks| ij rhu vejhd`h oSKkfud`kÍ d`ks ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ls iqjLÎ`r fd`;k x;k gS\

vkslkew fæeksewjk ekfVZu pSYœ`h

jkstj Rlhu

bu oSKkfud`kÍ us ped`h¥h lqUnj tS¥hfœ`æ eÍ ik, tkus ok¥s ‘xzhu Œ¥wjksls≥V’ uked` rsth ls ped`us ok¥s inkƒZ d`ks [kstus ds` lkƒ gh mlds` fod`kl d`h ^f∂`;k d`k ekxZ ^æLr fd`;k gS\ 2008 eÍ jlk;u foKku ds` ”s( eÍ ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ikus ok¥s ;s oSKkfud` gß%vkslkew fæeksewjk] ekfVZu pSYœ`h vkSj jkstj Rlhu\ ‘vkslkew fæeksewjk vejhd`k fLƒr eslkpqlsVΩl ds` oqMΩl gkW¥ fLƒr esfju ck;ks¥kWftd`¥ ¥scksjsVjh rƒk cksLVu fo'ofo»k¥; ds` fpfd`Rlk fo»k¥; ls lEc* gß\ ‘ekfVZu pSYœ`h’ U;w;kWdZ` ds ` pfpZr d`ks¥fEc;k fo'ofo»k¥; eÍ d`k;ZjrΩ gß vkSj ‘jkstj Rlhu’ lSufM,xks eÍ dS`¥hœ`ksfuZ;k fo'ofo»k¥; eÍ æks|jrΩ gß\ fæeksewjk gh oks oSKkfud` gß ftUgkÍus tS¥hfœ`æ eÍ ik, tkus ok¥s ‘gfjr ^fnIrhæh¥ ^ksVhu’ ·xzhu Œ¥wjkslÍV ^ksVhu% th\,œ`\ih\‚ d`ks fud`k¥k vkSj ;g mnΩ?kfVr fd`;k fd` ;g ijkcßxuh ;k uh¥s ^d`kæ }kjk mïkflr fd`, tkus ij ped`h¥s gjs jax d`k ^næZu d`jrk gS\ vkxs p¥d`j 1990 ds` næd` eÍ ekfVZu pSYœ`h us ;g irk ¥xk;k ƒk fd` oaækuqxr Ôi ls ‘tS¥hfœ`æ’ eÍ ikbZ

tkus ok¥h ;g ·tsusfVd` VSx‚ gfjr ^fnIrhæh¥ ^ksVhu ls dS`ls ped`rh gS = tS¥hfœ`æ eÍ ik, tkus ok¥s bl vuU; xq.|eZ us [ksth oSKkfud`kÍ ds` f¥, bl ^ksVhu d`h thfor d`ksfæd`kvkÍ ,oa thokÍ eÍ gksus ok¥h vla“; ifj?VukvkÍ tSls tho vfHO;fDr] ^ksVhu d`k Lƒku fu|kZj. rƒk xfrd`h ,oa ^ksVhutfur vU;ksU;ku f∂`;k,a ;ƒk%d`ksfæd`k foHktu vkSj xq.lw( d`h ^Î`fr] laxBd` d`ks okLrfod` d`k¥ eÍ ekuhVju gsrq vknæZ inkƒZ cuk fn;k gS\ jlk;u foKku eÍ ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ikus ds` rqjUr ckn gh bu vejhd`h oSKkfud`kÍ us vius ^;ksx ds` vUrxZr tS¥hfœ`æ ds` gfjr ^fnIrhæh¥ ^ksVhu ds` ^R;kjksi. ls ,d` ,slk fcY¥k rS;kj d`j fn;k ftld`h vk∑[Í] thH vkSj elwÈMs ijkcßxuh ^d`kæ eÍ gjs jax d`h jksæuh nsus ¥xrs gß\ ‘feLVj xzhu ftUl’ uked` N# ekg d`k ;g fcY¥k ns[us eÍ lkekU; fcY¥kÍ tSlk gh ¥xrk ƒk\ blds` iwoZ dq`N vU; oSKkfud`kÍ us tS¥hfœ`æ ds` blh ^ksVhu d`ks dq`N œ`l¥kÍ eÍ ^R;kjksfir d`j mueÍ lw[s ds` le; jkr eÍ |wi] va|sjk gjk ^d`kæ fc[sj d`j ikuh d`h ek∑x d`jus ok¥k cuk Mk¥k gS\ okLro eÍ mi;qZDr ^;ksxkÍ ds` }kjk oSKkfud` ;g tkuuk pkgrs ƒs fd` thukÍ d`ks ge vius bPNkuqlkj Lƒku ij igq∑pkus eÍ fd`rus l”e gks ik, gß = bu oSKkfud`kÍ d`h [kst ekuork ds` f¥, vR;Ur mi;ksxh lEHkoukvkÍ ls ;qDr gß\ gk¥ gh ds` o"ksÛ eÍ Hkjrlfgr nf”.-iwoZ ,fæ;k ds` vusd` HkxkÍ eÍ Hw-t¥ eÍ laf[;k d`h cÈ
fjlpZ vkWxZukbtsæu eÍ d`k;ZjrΩ ekd`ksrks d`ksck;klh vkSj rksfæfgns elqd`kok ‘D;ksVks fo'ofo»k¥;’ ls lEc* ;wd`kok lS*kfUrd` HkSfrd`h; laLƒku ls tqÈMs gß\ bueÍ ls bl iqjLd`kj d`h vk|h |ujkfæ vds`¥s ;ksbfpjks ukEcw d`ks ^nku d`h tk,xh] æs" vk|h jkfæ nksukÍ vU; oSKkfud`kÍ d`ks vk|h-vk|h ^nku d`h tk,xh\

;ksbfpjks ukEcw

rksfæfgns elqd`kok

ekd`ksrks d`ksck;klh

bu rhukÍ gh oSKkfud`kÍ us LorU( Ôi ls tks æks| fd`;k gS mlds` lesfd`r vonkukÍ ls ;g Kkr gksrk gS fd` gekjk cz©k≥M ‘,≥VhesVj’ d`h txg ‘esVj’ ls D;kÍ cuk gS = bl ^f∂`;k d`ks ‘czksds`u flfeV_h’ uke fn;k x;k gS\ ‘jkW;¥ LohfMæ vd`kneh vkWœ` lkbalst’ us bu rhukÍ oSKkfud`kÍ ds` d`k;Z ds` fo"; eÍ fopkj ^d`V d`jrs gq, oDrO; tkjh fd`;k%∏bu oSKkfud`kÍ d`k æks| inkƒZ ds` lw{ere bekjrh [≥MkÍ ds` xgu Hhrj D;k ?fVr gksrk gS] bl ckjs eÍ geÍ xwÈ< le> ^nku d`jrh gß\ ;s rhukÍ oSKkfud` næd`kÍ ls bl fo"; ij d`k;ZjrΩ jgs gß\π oSKkfud` ¥Ecs vjls ls ^Î`fr ls ,sls fl*kUrkÍ d`h r¥kæ d`jrs jgs gß] ftuls v.qvkÍ eÍ leÔirk ^frikfnr gks\ bl lUnHZ eÍ ^ks\ ukEcw d`k fopkj gS%∏d`ksbZ tÔjh ugÓ fd` ^Î`fr eÍ lnSo leÔirk gh fe¥s] ^d`kjkUrj ls vko';d` ugÓ fd` lHh leÔirk,a gesæk vk∑[kÍ ls fn[kbZ gh iÈMÍ\ okLro eÍ d`ksbZ tÔjh ugÓ fd` vR;Ur lw{e Lrj ij lefefr ls fop¥u ds` d`kj. gekjk lalkj iwjh rjg lefefr; O;ogkj ugÓ d`jrk gS\ ;gh d`kj. gS fd` v¥x-v¥x ifjfLƒfr;kÍ eÍ Hh oLrqvkÍ eÍ lkn~';rk ^xV gksrh gS\ cz©k≥M d`h vlfefrrk gekjs vfLrRo ds` f¥, lq[n ^rhfr gS\ ;fn cz©k≥M d`h lefefr; ^Î`fr gksrh rks ,≥VhesVj vkSj esVj ds` lrrΩ lfEe¥u ls foLœ`ksfVr gksd`j lc dq`N ˜tkZ ds` Ôi eÍ fo¥hu gks tkrk gS\ MkW\ ukEcw d`k æks| ‘ekud` fonæZ’ tks ew¥ d`.kÍ ds` O;ogkj rƒk ^Î`fr d`ks lafu;fer d`jus ok¥s pkj eÍ ls rhu ew¥Hwr c¥kÍ d`ks of.Zr d`jus ls lEcfU|r gS\ blds` pkSƒs c¥xq:Ro d`ks vHh rd` ekud` fonæZ ;kuh LVS≥MMZ ekWM¥ eÍ txg ugÓ fe¥ ikbZ gS« HkSfrd`hfonkÍ d`ks vkæk gS fd` ‘fLVœs`Ul gkfd`Ul’ ds` usr~Ro eÍ ‘gsM_ku d`ks¥kbMj’ ^;ksx ls ^kIr gksus ok¥s vfUre ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1616

ifj.kekÍ ls bl leL;k d`ks lq¥>kus eÍ enn tÔj fe¥ lds`xh\ ^ks\ ukEcw ds` lkƒ HkSfrd` ds` la;qDr ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ls lEekfur tkikuh oSKkfud`kÍ d`ksck;klh ,oa elqd`kok us LVS≥MMZ ekWM¥ ds`
gsjkYM twj gklsu

¥qd` ekÍVsxfu;j

≠ß`d`ksbl cSjs flukslh

bl o"Z ds` fpfd`Rlk foKku ds` ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ds` Ôi eÍ nh tkus ok¥h vk|h |ujkfæ ≠`kal ds` ‘oYMZ œ`km≥Msæu œ`kWj ,MΩl fjlpZ ,≥M f^osUlu’ ds` funsæd` ¥qd` ekÍVsxfu;j vkSj ik'pj æks| laLƒku ls lEc* ≠ß`d`ksbl cSjs flukslh d`ks ,MΩl ds` f¥, ftEesnkj fo"k.qvkÍ Ìwesu ‘bE;wuksMsfœ`fæ,alh ok;jl’ d`h [kst ds` f¥, la;qDr Ôi ls ^nku fd`;k x;k gS\ teZu oSKkfud` gsjkYM twj gklsu d`ks bl iqjLd`kj d`h vk|h |ujkfæ ^nku d`h xbZ gS\ mUgÍ ;g iqjLd`kj efg¥kvkÍ ds` xHkZæ; eÍ gksus ok¥s dß`lj ds` fo"k.qvkÍ d`h [kst ds` f¥, ^nku fd`;k x;k\ ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ^nku d`jus ok¥h laLƒk ukWosZ d`h ‘ukscs¥ ifj"nΩ’ us vius oDrO; eÍ fpfd`Rlk ds` ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj d`h ?ks".k d`jrs gq, d`gk%ekÍVsxfu;j vkSj cSjs flukslh d`h [kst ,MΩl d`ks le>us vkSj

mld`h fpfd`Rlk d`h fnæk eÍ ,d` etcwr d`ne gS\ bu nksukÍ oSKkfud`kÍ us 1980 ds` næd` eÍ ,p\vkbZ\oh\ ftukse d`h D¥ks¯ux d`h ƒh ftlls bl ij iÈMs jgL; d`k [q¥klk gqvk fd` fd`l rjg ;g fo"k.q viuh la“;k cÈ
Useful for Various Competitive Exams.

By : Dr. Lal, Mishra & Kumar Code No. 1624 Rs. 250/UPKAR PRAKASHAN, AGRA-2 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.upkar.in

18.

1. 712 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

7.

8. 9. 10.

bZ\ eÍ ¯l| ds` jktk nkfgj d`ks ijkftr d`jus ok¥k vjc vk∂`e.d`kjh d`kSu ƒk = %eqgEen-fcu-d`kfle jktk Î`Æ.nso jk; fd`l |eZ ds` vuq;k;h ƒs = %oSÆ.o |eZ ds` lezkVΩ vd`cj d`k iwjk uke D;k ƒk = %t¥k¥qˆhu eqgEen vd`cj fd`l vfH¥s[ ls pUnzxqIr ekS;Z d`h lkSjkÆV_ fot; d`h iqfÆV gksrh gS = %:`nznkeu ds` twukxÈ< vfH¥s[ ls fczfVæ bZLV bafM;k us viuk ig¥k d`kj[kuk d`gk∑ Lƒkfir fd`;k = %lwjr eÍ fd`l ,DV ds` vUrxZr bZLV bafM;k d`Eiuh ij lalnh; fu;a(. Lƒkfir gqvk = %jsxw¥s¯Vx ,DV 1773 bZ\ ds` vUrxZr fd`l eqx¥ ækld` us fczfVæ d`ks caxk¥] gSnjkckn ,oa xqtjkr ds` vius ”s( eÍ d`jeqDr O;kikj d`h vuqefr ^nku d`h = %œ`k:Z`[fl;j us ‘cksMZ vkWœ` da`V_ks¥’ d`k fuekZ. fd`l ,DV ds` vUrxZr fd`;k x;k = %fiVΩl bafM;k ,DV] 1784 ds` vUrxZr ‘‘Hkjr eÍ fczfVæ l®k d`k ^kjEH cDlj ds` ;q* ls gksrk gS\’’ ;g oDrO; fd`ld`k gS = %jSets E;wj d`k Hkjr ds` foHktu ds` fojks| eÍ fd`l ^eq[ n¥ us 3 tq¥kbZ] 1947 d`ks ‘d`k¥s fnol’ ds` Ôi eÍ euk;k ƒk = %fgUnw egklHk us

tf¥;k∑ok¥k ckx gR;kd`k≥M ds` fojks| eÍ fd`l Hkjrh; us ok;ljk; d`h d`k;Z ifj"nΩ (Executive Council) ls R;kxi( fn;k ƒk = %lj æad`ju uk;j us 19. ck¥ xaxk|j fr¥d` d`ks ‘Hkjrh; vlUrks" d`k tud`’ fd`lus d`gk ƒk = %os¥sUVkbu fæjks¥ us 20. eqfL¥e ¥hx us eqfDr fnol (Day of Deliverance) fd`l ?Vuk ds` mi¥{; eÍ euk;k = %d`kaxzsl ljd`kj us R;kx-i( nsus ds`

21. 22. 23.

24. 25. 26.

27. 28. 11. 12.

13. 14.

15.

16. 17.

d`kd`ksjh js¥ MdS`rh d`k≥M d`c gqvk ƒk = %1925 eÍ vlg;ksx vkUnks¥u ds` nkSj eÍ v¥hxÈ< eÍ fd`l jkÆV_h; fæ”k laLƒk d`ks Lƒkfir fd`;k x;k ƒk = %tkfe;k fef¥;k bL¥kfe;k Hkjr NksÈMks vkUnks¥u ds` le; d`kaxzsl d`k v÷;” d`kSu ƒk = %ekS¥kuk vcq¥ d`¥ke vktkn xksik¥ Î`Æ. xks[¥s us 1905 bZ\ eÍ ‘losZUVΩl vkWœ` bafM;k lkslk;Vh’ d`h Lƒkiuk d`h\ ml le; d`kaxzsl d`k jkÆV_h; v÷;” d`kSu ƒk = %xksik¥ Î`Æ. xks[¥s fd`l v÷;” ds` usr~Ro eÍ Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl us d`¥d`®k vf|osæu (1906) eÍ d`kaxzsl us Lojkt (Self Government) d`ks Hkjr ds` ¥ksxkÍ d`k ¥{; (Goal) vaxhd`kj fd`;k = %nknkHkbZ ukSjksth d`h v÷;”rk eÍ ‘iw.Z Lojkt’ (Complete Independence) fnol loZ^ƒe d`c euk;k x;k = %26 tuojh] 1930 bZ\ d`ks fd`l Lora(rk lsukuh d`ks 1908 bZ\ eÍ v¥hiqj ls≥V_¥ ts¥ eÍ œ`k∑lh nh xbZ = %[qnhjke cksl d`ks

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1617

29. 30.

31. 32.

vfo®h; fo|s;d`kÍ d`ks jkT; lHk fd`rus le; rd` jksd` ld`rh gS = %6 ekg rd` laln d`k fuekZ. fd`lls gksrk gS = %¥ksd` lHk] jkT; lHk rƒk jkÆV_ifr ls jkT; lHk ds` lnL;kÍ d`k pquko gksrk gS% %^R;sd` jkT; ds` f¥, ^frfuf|;kÍ d`k fuokZpu ml jkT; d`h fo|ku lHk ds` fuokZfpr lnL;kÍ }kjk jkT; lHk eÍ jkÆV_ifr fd`rus lnL;kÍ d`ks euksuhr d`jrk gS = %12 lnL;kÍ d`ks la? ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx (UPSC) ds` v÷;” d`h fu;qfDr d`kSu d`jrk gS = %jkÆV_ifr jkT; ds` uhfr funsZæd` fl*kUrkÍ ds` lanHZ eÍ ;g fVIi.h fd`lus d`h ƒh fd` ;g ,d` ,slk pSd` gS ftld`k Hqxrku cßd` d`h lqfo|k ij fuHZj d`jrk gS = %ds`\Vh\ ækg us fd`l lafo|ku laæks|u ls ‘fæ”k’ d`ks jkT; lwph ls leorhZ lwph eÍ ¥k;k x;k gS = %42oÍ lafo|ku laæks|u ls laln d`ks ekSf¥d` vf|d`kjkÍ eÍ laæks|u d`jus d`k vf|d`kj lafo|ku ds` fd`l laæks|u }kjk fn;k x;k = %24oÍ laæks|u }kjk lafo|ku lHk d`k xBu fd`l ;kstuk ds` vUrxZr ^Lrkfor fd`;k x;k ƒk = %dS`fcusV feæu ;kstuk ds` vUrxZr Hkjr ds` lafo|ku d`h ^Lrkouk eÍ ‘lektoknh’ ,oa ‘|eZfujis”’ æCn tksÈMs x,\ %42 oÍ lafo|ku laæks|u }kjk

d`kSulk nsæ nf”. d`k fczVsu d`g¥krk gS = %U;wth¥S≥M d`kSu lk ægj iwoZ d`k eksrh (Pearl of the orient) d`g¥krk gS = %¯lxkiqj 33. vtsZUVhuk d`h jkt|kuh gS% %C;wul vk;lZ 34. d`jkd`ksje jktekxZ fd`u nks nsækÍ d`ks tksÈMrk gS = %ikfd`Lrku vkSj phu d`ks 35. la;qDr jkT; vejhd`k vkSj d`ukMk d`h lhek fd`l ¥kbu ls fu|kZfjr gksrh gS = %49oÓ lekUrj ls

36. 37. 38. 39. 40.

,¥ feLVh (El Misti) Tok¥keq[h fd`l nsæ eÍ gS = %isÔ eÍ fijsuht ioZr fd`u nsækÍ ds` chp gS = %bax¥S≥M vkSj vk;j¥S≥M ds` chp d`kSulh lkeqfnzd` ugj m®jh-lkxj vkSj ckfYVd` lkxj d`ks tksÈMrh gS = %d`h¥ ugj i~Foh d`h Hze. xfr gS% %27·6 fd`eh/feuV fo'o d`h lcls cÈMh ehBs ikuh d`h >h¥ gS% %¥sd` lqihfj;j

58.

ePNjokfgr (Mosquito borne) ^eq[ jksx gß% %MÍxw Toj] e¥sfj;k] œ`kb¥sfj;kfll 59. ftl chekjh eÍ jDr eÍ ædZ`jk d`k Lrj cÈ< tkrk gS] mld`k D;k uke gS = %MkbfcVht esfV¥l 60. lHh lw{ethfo;kÍ eÍ lcls vf|d` vuqdw`¥uæh¥ (Adaptable) rƒk fofo|rkiw.Z (Versatile) gS% %cSDVhfj;k

61. 62. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.

46. 47.

48. 49. 50.

51. 52. 53. 54. 55.

56. 57.

jkÆV_h; xzkeh. fod`kl laLƒku d`gk∑ fLƒr gS = %iVuk eÍ ‘fo'o cßd`’ (World Bank) d`k eq“;k¥; d`gk∑ gS = %ok¯æxVu Mh\lh\ ·vejhd`k‚ eÍ æs;j cktkj d`k ^Hkoiw.Z fu;a(. fd`lds` ek÷;e ls fd`;k tk jgk gS = %lsch (SEBI) ds` ek÷;e ls Hkjr eÍ ;kstuk vk;ksx (Planning Commission) d`c Lƒkfir fd`;k x;k ƒk = %1950 eÍ ‘lqij-301’ D;k gS = %;g vejhd`h O;kikj d`kuwu d`h ,d` |kjk gS] tks mls vius vk;kr ij mPp lhek æqYd` ¥xkus d`h æfDr nsrh gS\ orZeku eÍ fd`ruh jkfæ ^R;sd` ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ds` rgrΩ ^nku d`h tkrh gS = %10 d`jksÈM ∂`ksuj ‘tula“;k ?uRo’ (Population density) ls D;k rkRi;Z gS = %^fr oxZ fd`eh ”s( eÍ jgus ok¥s O;fDr;kÍ d`h la“;k vUrjkZÆV_h; eqnzk d`ks" (IMF) d`h eqnzk ,l\Mh\vkj\ (SDR) gksrh gS% %cqd`-d`h¯ix ,≥V_h Hkjrh; fjtoZ cßd` d`k eq“;k¥; fd`l ægj eÍ gS = %eqEcbZ eÍ Hkjr eÍ fo»qrΩ mRiknu eÍ lokZf|d` vaænku fd`ld`k gS = %rki fo»qrΩ d`k

fd`l ^k.h ds` I¥kTek eÍ gheksX¥ksfcu d`k fo¥; gksrk gS = %dÍ`pqvk ds` I¥kTek eÍ ¥ksgs eÍ tax d`ks jksd`us ds` f¥, fd`ld`k mi;ksx fd`;k tkrk gS = %tLrk (Zinc) d`k f∂`d` flYoj d`gh tkus ok¥h |krq gS% %ikjk vkfræckth ds` t¥us eÍ gjk jax fd`ld`h mifLƒfr ds` d`kj. gksrk gS = %csfj;e ds` d`kj. ukfHd`h; fj,DVjkÍ eÍ xzsœ`kbV d`k ^;ksx fd`lds` Ôi eÍ D;k d`jus ds` f¥, fd`;k tkrk gS = %eand` (Moderator) ds` Ôi eÍ] U;wV_kWukÍ d`h xfr |heh d`jus ds` f¥, ekuo æjhj eÍ la∂`e. jksd`us eÍ lgk;rk d`jus ok¥k foVkfeu gS% %foVkfeu A ckÔn fd`l-fd`l d`k feJ. gksrh gS = %ukbVj] lYœ`j vkSj pkjd`ks¥ d`h

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1618

63. 64. 65. 66.

67. 68.

69.

70.

71.

‘fo'o rEckdw` fu"s| fnol’ (World No-tobacco Day) d`c euk;k tkrk gS = %21 ebZ d`ks ‘fo'o i;kZoj. fnol’ (World Environmental Day) d`c euk;k tkrk gS = %5 twu d`ks ‘xq¥kc fnol’ (Rose Day) euk;k tkrk gS% %25 twu d`ks ‘jkÆV_h; lkaf“;d`h fnol’ (National Statistical Day) d`c euk;k tkrk gS = %29 twu d`ks ‘fo'o gkbM_ksxzkœ`h fnol’ (World Hydrography Day) d`c euk;k tkrk gS = %21 twu d`ks pko¥ d`h [srh eÍ ^;ksx d`h tkus ok¥h Î`f" rd`uhd`h ‘‘flLVe vkWœ` jkbl bUVslhfœ`ds`æu’’%,l\vkj\vkbZ\ (System of Rice Intensification–SRI) ds` eq“; ¥kH gksrs gß% %Hwfe ”s( ,oa t¥ mi¥C|rk ,oa œ`l¥ mRiknd`rk cÈ
rkfu;k lpnso fd`l [s¥ d`h jkÆV_h; Lrj d`h f[¥kÈMh gß = %ærjat (Chess) d`h 72. 2010 fo'o d`i œq`Vck¥ VwukZeÍV d`gk∑ vk;ksftr fd`;k tk,xk = %nf”. v≠`hd`k eÍ 73. b≥Vjusæu¥ f∂`ds`V d`kmafl¥ (ICC) ds` v÷;” MsfoM ekWxZu fd`l nsæ ds` gß = %fczVsu ds`

74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80.

fLi;j gSM (Spear Head) æCn fd`l [s¥ eÍ ^;qDr fd`;k tkrk gS = %rSjkd`h (Swimming) eÍ f[¥kÈMh us ;fn d`ksbZ ^frcfU|r fuÆiknuo|Zd` vkS"f| ¥h gS] rks mld`k d`kSulk ijh”. fd`;k tkrk gS = %Mksi VsLV ,æSt (Ashes) æCn fd`l [s¥ ls lEcfU|r gS = %f∂`ds`V ls efg¥kvkÍ vkSj iq:"kÍ d`h pSfEi;ufæi V_kWœ`h gkWd`h 2009 fd`l nsæ eÍ vk;ksftr gksxh = %vkLV_sf¥;k eÍ iSfjl eSjkƒu 2008 d`k iq:"kÍ d`k f[rkc thrus ok¥k lsx;s ds`csMs fd`l nsæ d`k gS = %bfƒ;ksfi;k d`k fn¥hi V_kWœ`h fd`l [s¥ ls lEcfU|r gS = %f∂`ds`V ls o"Z 2008 d`k ICC f∂`ds`Vj vokMZ fd`ls fn;k x;k gS = %fæoukjk;u pUnzikW¥ d`ks

98. 99.

100. 101. 102. 103.

104.

81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91.

92.

93. 94. 95.

96. 97.

laLÎ`r xzUƒ ‘vÆVk÷;k;h’ d`k lEcU| fd`l fo"; ls gS = %O;kd`j. ls KkuihB iqjLd`kj ls lEekfur mnwZ iqLrd` ‘xq¥-,-uXek’ ds` ¥s[d` d`kSu gß = %fœ`jkd` xksj[iqjh fcjtw egkjkt fd`l u~R; ds` mRÎ`ÆV urZd` ƒs = %d`Rƒd` u~R; ds` ækjnk ,DV fd`l lkekftd` dq`jhfr ls lEcfU|r gS = %ck¥ fookg ls rfe¥ jkek;. ds` uke ls fo“;kr ‘jkekorkjeΩ’ xzUƒ ds` jpf;rk d`kSu gß = %d`Ecu ds`j¥ jkT; d`h eq“; Hk"k gS% %e¥;k¥e ækL(h; laxhr fd`l osn ls f¥;k x;k gS = %lkeosn ls lwœ`h lar vehj [qljks fd`l Hk"k eÍ f¥[rs ƒs = %fgUnh eÍ ‘jktrjafx.h’ d`k lEcU| Hkjr ds` fd`l ”s( ls gS = %tEew-d`'ehj ls [qnk c“æ vksfj;UV¥ ifC¥d` ¥kbczsjh fd`l ægj eÍ fLƒr gS = %iVuk eÍ o"Z 2006 d`k KkuihB iqjLd`kj fd`ls ^nku fd`;k x;k gS = %johUnz ds`¥d`j ·d`kÍd`.h‚ o lR;ozr ækL(h ·laLÎ`r‚ d`ks la;qDr Ôi ls fczVsu eÍ orZeku eÍ fd`l ^d`kj ds` lektokn ds` i” eÍ cgl gks jgh gS = %œs`fc;u lektokn (Fabian Socialism) ds` i” eÍ Cockpit of Europe ds` uke ls d`kSulk nsæ tkuk tkrk gS = %csfYt;e (Belgium) fel ;wuholZ 2008 d`k rkt fd`ls iguk;k x;k = %Mk;uk eÍMkstk (Dayana Mendoza) d`ks o"Z 2001 d`h tux.uk ds` vk|kj ij m®j ^nsæ ds` i'pkrΩ fd`l jkT; d`h vkcknh vf|d`re gS = %egkjkÆV_ d`h International Organisation for Standardisation d`k eq“;k¥; d`gk∑ gS = %tsusok (Geneva) eÍ nsæ eÍ d`kikVZ (CAPART) ^eq[ Ôi ls fd`l d`k;Z eÍ ¥xk gS = %xzkeh. fod`kl eÍ

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1619

105.

106.

107. 108. 109. 110.

jkf¥;k vks¯Mxk (Ralia Odinga) fd`l nsæ ds` ^|kuea(h pqus x, gß = %ds`U;k (Kenya) ds` nq¥gLrh gkbfM¥ ikWoj ^kstsDV (Dul Hasti Hydel Power Project) fd`l unh ij gS = %psukc (Chenab) unh ij fo'o d`k lcls ¥Eck leqnz lsrq (Sea bridge) fd`l nsæ eÍ gS = %phu eÍ Enchantress of Florence fd`ld`h Î`fr gS = %l¥eku j'nh (Salman Rushdie) d`h Hkjr d`h National Defence University fd`l jkT; eÍ Lƒkfir d`h tk jgh gS = %gfj;k.k eÍ d`kaxzsl us vius fd`l vf|osæu eÍ Socialistic Pattern of Society d`ks vkf|d`kfjd` Ôi ls vaxhÎ`r fd`;k = %vkoknh vf|osæu (Avadi Session) 1955 eÍ fd`u ∂`kfUrd`kfj;kÍ us la;qDr jkT; vejhd`k eÍ ‘;wukbVsM bafM;k gkml’ d`h Lƒkiuk d`h = %rkjd`ukƒ nkl rƒk th\ Mh\ dq`ekj us n\ vejhd`k ds` ds`o¥ fd`l ,d`eso nsæ eÍ ls nksukÍ Hwe÷;js[k (Equator) rƒk ed`j js[k (Tropic of Capricorn) xqtjrh gß = %czkth¥ eÍ gksd`j fd`l lfefr us jkT;kÍ eÍ ‘d`ksvksijsfVo ∂s`fMV laLƒkukÍ’ (Cooperative Credit Institution) ds` iqu:*kj (Revival) d`h flœ`kfjæ d`h gS = %oS»ukƒu lfefr us ‘fo'o t¥ fnol’ (World Day for Water) d`c euk;k tkrk gS = %22 ekpZ d`ks ,¥ksjk eÍ xqœ`k,a vkSj æS¥Î`r efUnj fd`u |eksÛ ls lEcfU|r gß = %fgUnw |eZ] ckS* |eZ rƒk tSu |eZ ls b≥Vjusæu¥ ,Vksfed` ,uthZ ,tsUlh (IAEA) d`k eq“;k¥; d`gk∑ gS = %fo;uk eÍ gSjh ikWVj ds` lg;ksxh ik( d`k D;k uke gS = %foYlu ●●●

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Code 1652

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☞ Physical Sciences (Physics) ☞ Common Elementary Computer Science ☞ Chemical Sciences (Chemistry) ☞ Life Sciences (Botany & Zoology) ● E-mail : [email protected]

UPKAR PRAKASHAN, AGRA-2 ● Website : www.upkar.in

m®j ^ns'k ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ·eq“;`‚ ijh{kk] 19-11-2008 d`k g¥ ^'u-i(

lkekU; v÷;;u ·f}rh; ^'u-i(‚

13.

fuEuf¥f[r ^s{k.kÍ d`k ijkl (Range) rFkk prqFkZd` fop¥u (Quartile deviation) gS% 29, 20, 30, 25, 39, 35, 48, 41, 60, 51, 70 (A) 50, 11 (B) 41, 22 (C) 50, 22 (D) 41, 11

(C) 1 fd`eh/feuV ;fn A d`h vk;] B d`h vk; ls 10% 14. ;fn 11 fo»kfFkZ;kÍ ds` vkSlr vad` vf|d` gS] rks B d`h vk; A d`h vk; (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 31·0 gS rFkk ^Fke N# fo»kfFkZ;kÍ d`k ls fd`rus ^fr'kr d`e gS = vad` vkSlr 31·5 gS ,oa vfUre N# 07. vk;r fp( (Histogram) ls xzkœ`h; 1 fo»kfFkZ;kÍ d`k vad` vkSlr 30·5 gS] fof| }kjk fuEuf¥f[r d`k Kkr d`juk (A) 10% (B) 9 % 2 rks NBs LFkku ok¥s fo»kFkhZ ds` vad` lqfo|ktud` jgrk gS% 1 gkÍxs% (A) ek÷; (Mean) (C) 9 % (D) 9% 11 (A) 31·0 (B) 31·5 (B) ekf÷;d`k (Median) (C) 30·5 (D) 30·0 02. ,d` O;fDr rhu isV_ks¥ iEikÍ ls ^R;sd` (C) cgq¥d` (Mode) ls 100 :i;s d`k isV_ks¥ [jhnrk gS] (D) mi;qZDr lHh 15. fuEuf¥f[r vk∑d`ÈMkÍ d`h ekf÷;d`k (Median) rFkk cgq¥d` (Mode) d`k tgk∑ isV_ks¥ d`h nj dz`e'k# 20 :\] 25 08. ;fn fd`lh ekew¥h fo"e ckjEckjrk vUrj gS% 1 caVu d`k cgq¥d` 16 gS rFkk ek÷; 16 :\ rFkk 33 3 :\ ^fr ¥hVj gS\ 25, 33, 72, 65, 29, 60, 30, 54, 32, gS] rks bld`h ekf÷;d`k (Median) [jhnh isV_ks¥ d`k ^fr ¥hVj vkSlr 53, 42, 52, 42, 51, 42, 48, 45, 47, gksxh% 46, 33 ewY; gksxk% (A) 'kwU; (B) 16 (A) 4 (B) 3 (A) 24 :\ (B) 25 :\ (C) 8 (D) 32 (C) 3·5 (D) 2·5 1 1 09. fd`lh caVu ds` f}rh; ,oa r~rh; (C) 26 :\ (D) 26 :\ 9 3 ds`Unzh;-vk?w.Z (Central moments) 16. ,d` vufHur ik∑ls d`ks nks ckj mNk¥k tkrk gS\ ig¥s ;k nwljs mNk¥ eÍ ‘1’ cjkcj gß\ caVu d`h ^d~`fr gS% 03. ,d` d`{kk ds` fo»kfFkZ;kÍ d`h vkSlr vk;q vkus d`h ^kf;d`rk gS% 15 o"Z Fkh\ tc 5 ¥ÈMd`kÍ d`ks] ftud`h (A) lefer (Symmetric) 1 1 vkSlr vk;q 12 o"Z 6 ekg gS] ^os'k (B) vlefer (Asymmetric) (A) (B) 3 36 fn;k x;k rks vkSlr vk;q 6 eghus (C) |ukRed` fo"e (Positively ?V xbZ] rks d`{kk eÍ ^kjEH eÍ fd`rus 11 2 skewed) (C) (D) fo»kFkhZ Fks = 36 3 (D) )`.kRed` fo"e (Negatively (A) 20 (B) 24 skewed) 17. ;fn fd`lh lewg ds` lHh eku 5 ls (C) 25 (D) 30 foHkftr fd`, tkrs gß] rks lewg d`k 10. ;fn ^s{k.kÍ (Observations) ^lj.-xq.kad` d`e gks tk,xk% x1, x2, x3, x4, x5 ds` f¥,] 04. phuh d`k Hko ^fr fd`xzk 16 :\ ls (A) 5% (B) 10% ek÷; = 2 ·^lj.‚ rFkk cÈ
izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1620

28. 1000 O;fDr;kÍ ds` ,d` lewg eÍ 25% vkS»ksfxd` Jfed` rFkk 'ks" [sfrgj d`ksbZ ugÓ (Agricultural) Jfed` Fks\ 300 25. lkseokj ls cq|okj rd` d`k vkSlr O;fDr;kÍ us fo'o d`i eSpkÍ d`ks Vs¥hls d`ksbZ ugÓ rkieku 37°C gS rFkk eax¥okj ls fotu ij ns[k\ ftu O;fDr;kÍ us c~gLifrokj d`k vkSlr rkieku 34°C 20. vkjksgh rFkk vojksgh rksj. (Ogives) ‘fo'o d`i’ eSpkÍ d`ks Vs¥hfotu ij ugÓ ,d`-nwljs d`ks ftl fcUnq ij d`kVrs gß] gS\ ;fn c~gLifrokj d`k rkieku ns[k] mueÍ 30% vkS»ksfxd` Jfed` Fks\ og gksxk% ,sls [sfrgj Jfed`kÍ d`h la“;k] ftUgkÍus lkseokj ds` rkieku d`k 4 xquk gks] rks ‘fo'o d`i’ eSp Vs¥hfotu ij ns[s] (A) ek÷; (B) ekf÷;d`k 5 gß% c~ g Lifrokj d`k rkieku gks x k% (C) cgq¥d` (D) ew¥ fcUnq (A) 210 (B) 240 (A) 45°C (B) 36°C 21. ,d` rksj. ·vkjksgh ^d`kj ds`‚ ls fuEu(C) 35·5°C (D) 34°C (C) 250 (D) 260 f¥f[r d`kSulh ,d` eki Kkr ugÓ gks ld`rh = 26. ,d` d`Eiuh }kjk d`jk, x, losZ eÍ 29. fuEuf¥f[r 'kCnkÍ eÍ ls d`kSulk 'kCn ,sls O;fDr;kÍ d`k ^fr'kr tkuus ds` (A) ek÷; (Mean) luΩ 1975 eÍ Hkjrh; lafo|ku d`h f¥, ftUgkÍus v^S¥] ebZ vkSj twu (B) ekf÷;d`k (Median) ^Lrkouk (Preamble) eÍ lfEef¥r eghukÍ eÍ ‘czk≥M d`k ^;ksx ugÓ fd`;k’ ugÓ Fkk = (C) prqFkkÛd` (Quartiles) fuEuf¥f[r ifj.ke ^kIr gq,% (A) cU|qRo (Fraternity) (D) n'kkad` (Deciles) O;fDr;kÍ d`k (B) lEizHq (Sovereign) 22. pkj dz`ekxr le la“;kvkÍ d`k vkSlr eghuk ^fr'kr 27 gS\ bueÍ lcls cÈMh la“;k gksxh% (C) lekurk (Equality) ftUgkÍus ‘gk∑’ eÍ ↓ (A) 36 (B) 32 m®j fn;k (D) v[≥Mrk (Integrity) (C) 30 (D) 28 v^S¥ 59 30. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` fo"; ebZ 62 23. ,d` ;krk;kr c®h viuk iw.Z pdz` 60 loksZPp U;k;k¥; ,oa mPp U;k;k¥; lsd`≥M eÍ iw.Z d`jrh gS\ ^R;sd` pdz` nksukÍ ds` vf|d`kj {ks( eÍ vkrk gS = twu 62 ds` vUrxZr gjh c®h 25 lsd`≥M] ih¥h v^S¥ rFkk ebZ 35 (A) jkT;kÍ ds` ikjLifjd` fookn c®h 5 lsd`≥M rFkk ¥k¥ c®h 30 ebZ rFkk twu 33 (B) ds`Unz vkSj jkT; ds` e÷; fookn lsd`≥M ds` f¥, pk¥w jgrh gS\ ;n~PN;k v^S ¥ rFkk tw u 31 (C) ew¥ vf|d`kjkÍ d`k laj{k. (Randomly) pqus x, fd`lh Hh le;] v^S¥] ebZ rFkk twu 22 c®h ds` gjh u gksus d`h ^kf;d`rk gS% (D) lafo|ku ds` mY¥a?u ls laj{k. 1 1 mi;qZDr vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` vk|kj ij fuEu- 31. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu Hkjr d`h (A) (B) 3 4 f¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk d`Fku lR; gS= ¥ksd` lHk vkSj jkT; lHk d`h la;qDr 5 7 (A) fn, x, vk∑d`ÈMs laxr (ConsiscSBd` d`h v÷;{krk d`jrk gS = (C) (D) 12 12 tent) gß (A) Hkjr d`k jkÆV_ifr (B) fn, x, vk∑d`ÈMs vlaxr (Incon24. ,d` egkfo»k¥; ds` okf.T; rFkk (B) Hkjr d`k mijkÆV_ifr sistent) gß foKku lad`k;kÍ ds` iq:" rFkk efg¥k (C) ¥ksd` lHk v÷;{k Nk(kÍ ds` ckjs eÍ o"Z 1995 rFkk 2000 (C) vk∑d`ÈMs vi;kZIr gksus ds` d`kj. eÍ fd`, x, v÷;;u ls fuEuf¥f[r bud`h laxrrk d`h tk∑p ugÓ d`h tk (D) ^|kuea(h ifj.ke ^kIr gq,% ld`rh 32. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l jkT; ls jkT; (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ o"Z 1995 o"Z 2000 lHk ds` f¥, lcls d`e lnL; dq`¥ fo»kFkhZ # 3000 dq`¥ fo»kFkhZ # 27. fuEukafd`r xzkœ` ds` vuqlkj ¥ÈMfd`;kÍ fuokZfpr fd`, tkrs gß = 3600 eÍ lcls d`e ¥ksd`f^; [s¥ gS # [G (A) >kj[≥M ¥ÈMfd`;kÍ ds` f¥,] B ¥ÈMd`kÍ ds` f¥,] iq:" Nk( # 70% iq:" Nk( # 75% (B) N®hlxÈ< okf.T; ds` fo»kFkhZ # foKku ds` fo»kFkhZ # (C) tEew-d`'ehj 65% 40% (D) fgekp¥ ^ns'k 20% efg¥k fo»kFkhZ 50% iq : " Nk( foKku iÈ Y (C) gkWd`h (D) cSMfeaVu (D) vk;j¥S≥M (A) 206 (B) 224 (C) 464 (D) bueÍ

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1621

(C) X < Y (D) bueÍ ls

fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSu ,d` v÷;{kkRed` (C) 88ok∑ la'kks|u 'kklu ^.k¥h d`k vk|kjHwr (Basic) (D) 89ok∑ la'kks|u rRo gS = 41. ljd`kfj;k vk;ksx us fuEuf¥f[r ds` (A) lafo|ku d`h d`Bksjrk lEcU| eÍ laLrqfr;k∑ (Recommen(B) ,d`¥ d`k;Zikf¥d`k dations) d`h FkÓ% (C) O;oLFkkfid`k d`h loksZPprk (A) ^'kklfud` lq|kj (D) vof'kÆV vf|d`kj jkT;kÍ ds` ikl (B) ds`Unz-jkT; lEcU| gksuk (C) iapk;rÍ 35. fuEukafd`r eÍ ls fd`l ^d`kj ds` (D) uxjh; 'kklu ^kf|d`kj Hkjr ds` jkÆV_ifr d`ks ^kIr 42. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ;qXe lgh gß = lqesf¥r ugÓ gS = 1. okLrfod` vkSj ¥ksd`f^; (A) d`kuwu ds` le{k lekurk # 2. vkSipkfjd` (Titular) vkSj fof|d` ukxfjd`kÍ vkSj vukxfjd`kÍ nksukÍ d`ks (Dejure) ^kIr 3. jktuhfrd` vkSj ukeek( (B) jkT; ds` uke d`k ifjorZu # jkT; 4. laoS|kfud` vkSj ukeek( fo|kulHk d`h 'kfDr uhps fn, x, dw`VkÍ eÍ ls lgh m®j (C) u, jkT; d`k fuekZ. # laln d`h pqfu,% 'kfDr (A) 1 vkSj 3 (B) 2 vkSj 3 (D) ljd`kjh ukSd`jh eÍ volj d`h (C) 1 vkSj 4 (D) 2 vkSj 4 lekurk # ds`o¥ Hkjrh; ukxfjd`kÍ d`ks ^kIr 36. ¥ksd` lHk eÍ fd`lh fo|s;d` ij vke cgl fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l Lrj ij 43. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` Hkjr gksrh gS = ds` lafo|ku eÍ jkT;-lwph eÍ lfEef¥r (A) fo|s;d` d`h ^Lrqfr ds` le; ugÓ gS = (B) f}rh; okpu (Reading) eÍ (A) vkijkf|d` (Criminal) ^fdz`;k (C) ^frosnu (Report) Lrj ij lafgrk (D) r~rh; okpu eÍ (B) iqf¥l (C) d`kuwu-O;oLFkk 37. fuokZpu vk;ksx d`ks ‘rhu lnL;h; (D) ts¥ vk;ksx’ fd`l o"Z eÍ cuk;k x;k = (A) 1987 (B) 1988 44. ;g fu'p; d`jus d`k vf|d`kj fd` (C) 1989 (D) 1990 d`kSulh tkfr vuqlwfpr ekuh tk,xh fuEuf¥f[r d`ks ^kIr gS% 38. fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSu ,d` ¥ksd` lHk (A) vuqlwfpr tkfr vkSj tutkfr vkSj jkT; lHk d`h x.iwfrZ (Quovk;ksx rum) d`jrk gS = 1 (B) ^|kuea(h (A) dq`¥ lnL; la“;k d`k 10 (C) jkT; d`k jkT;ik¥ 1 (D) jkÆV_ifr (B) dq`¥ lnL; la“;k d`k 8 45. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l ,d` ^|kuea(h 1 (C) dq`¥ lnL; la“;k d`k us vius d`k;Zd`k¥ eÍ laln d`k lkeuk 6 ugÓ fd`;k = 1 (D) dq`¥ lnL; la“;k d`k 5 (A) pUnz'ks[j (B) oh\ ih\ flag 39. Hkjr ds` lafo|ku ds` fd`l Hkx eÍ ‘ekSf¥d` d`rZO;’ mfY¥f[r gS = (C) pkS|jh pj. flag (A) Hkx III (B) Hkx IV (D) vV¥ fcgkjh oktis;h (C) Hkx IV A (D) Hkx VI 46. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk d`Fku lgh 40. fd`l lafo|ku la'kks|u us ‘f'k{kk d`k gS = vf|d`kj’ ^nku d`jus ok¥k ,d` u;k (A) |u-fo|s;d` jkT; lHk eÍ ^Lrqr vuqPNsn 21A lafo|ku eÍ tksÈMk gS = gksrk gS (A) 86ok∑ la'kks|u (B) |u-fo|s;d` ¥ksd` lHk eÍ ^Lrqr (B) 87ok∑ la'kks|u gksrk gS

34.

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1622

;g laln ds` fd`lh Hh lnu eÍ ^Lrqr fd`;k tk ld`rk gS (D) ;g ¥ksd` lHk eÍ ^Lrqr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk U;kf;d` iqujko¥ksd`u (Judicial Review) d`h O;oLFkk gS% (A) ds`o¥ Hkjr eÍ (B) ds`o¥ ;w\ds`\ eÍ (C) ds`o¥ ;w\,l\,\ eÍ (D) Hkjr vkSj ;w\,l\,\ eÍ Hkjr d`k lafo|ku iw.ZÔi ls rS;kj gqvk Fkk% (A) tuojh 26, 1950 d`ks (B) uoEcj 26, 1949 d`ks (C) œ`jojh 11, 1948 d`ks (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls d`ksbZ lgh ugÓ gS fuEuf¥f[r ds` }kjk flfDd`e ,d` u;k jkT; cuk% (A) lafo|ku ds` 30oÍ la'kks|u }kjk (B) lafo|ku ds` 34oÍ la'kks|u }kjk (C) lafo|ku ds` 35oÍ la'kks|u }kjk (D) lafo|ku ds` 36oÍ la'kks|u }kjk jkÆV_ifr in d`h fjDrrk (Vacancy) d`ks fuEuf¥f[r vof| eÍ Hjk tkuk vko';d` gksrk gS% (A) 90 fnu ds` vUnj (B) 6 ekg ds` vUnj (C) ,d` o"Z ds` vUnj (D) laln }kjk fu|kZfjr le; ds` vUnj lafo|ku d`h ^kÔi lfefr (Drafting Committee) eÍ lfEef¥r lnL;kÍ d`h la“;k Fkh% (A) lkr (B) ukS (C) X;kjg (D) rsjg Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl d`k ig¥k vf|os'ku fuEuf¥f[r LFkku ij gqvk% (A) cEcbZ eÍ (B) enzkl eÍ (C) d`¥d`®k eÍ (D) ¥[u˜ eÍ ;fn ,d` laln lnL; lnL;rk ds` f¥, v;ksX; gks tkrk gS] rks mls gVkus d`k fu.Z; fuEuf¥f[r }kjk f¥;k tkrk gS% (A) eq“; pquko vk;qDr }kjk (B) ea(h ifj"nΩ d`h l¥kg ij jkÆV_ifr }kjk (C) loksZPp U;k;k¥; ds` U;k;k|h'k }kjk tk∑p ds` ckn jkÆV_ifr }kjk (D) pquko vk;ksx d`h jk; ds` vuqÔi jkÆV_ifr }kjk (C)

47.

48.

49.

50.

51.

52.

53.

54.

55.

56.

57.

58.

59.

60.

61.

‘fookg’] ‘fookg foPNsn’ vkSj ‘xksn ¥suk’ lafo|ku d`h lkroÓ lwph eÍ fuEuf¥f[r ds` vUrxZr lfEef¥r fd`, x, gß% (A) f¥LV I %ds`Unz lwph eÍ (B) f¥LV II%jkT; lwph eÍ (C) f¥LV III%leorhZ lwph eÍ (D) rhukÍ eÍ ls fd`lh Hh lwph eÍ ugÓ ia\ tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ ds` usr~Ro eÍ vUrfje (Interim) ljd`kj d`k xBu d`c gqvk Fkk = (A) tq¥kbZ 1946 eÍ (B) vxLr 1946 eÍ (C) flrEcj 1946 eÍ (D) vDVwcj 1946 eÍ Hkjr d`k fu;a(d` ,oa egk¥s[kik¥ fuEuf¥f[r d`k ,d` fe( ,oa ekxZn'kZd` gksrk gS% (A) ^oj lfefr (Select Committee) d`k (B) ^kDd`¥u lfefr (Estimates Committee) d`k (C) ^|kuea(h (Prime Minister) d`k (D) ¥ksd` ¥s[k lfefr (Public Accounts Committee) d`k fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l jkT; eÍ f}lnukRed` fo|kf;d`k (Bicameral legislature) ugÓ gS = (A) ;w\ih\ (B) ,e\ih\ (C) fcgkj (D) d`ukZVd` lafo|ku ds` 73oÍ la'kks|u }kjk iapk;rkÍ d`ks fufnZÆV fd`, tkus ok¥s d`k;Z fuEuf¥f[r eÍ of.Zr gß% (A) X;kjgoÓ lwph eÍ (B) nloÓ lwph eÍ (C) rsjgoÓ lwph eÍ (D) ckjgoÓ lwph eÍ fd`l o"Z eÍ] ‘[k» fe¥koV fuokj. vf|fu;e’ (Prevention of Food Adulteration Act) ^Fke ckj ¥kxw gqvk Fkk = (A) 1951 eÍ (B) 1954 eÍ (C) 1964 eÍ (D) 1986 eÍ Lo.Z t;Urh xzke Lojkstxkj ;kstuk fd`l o"Z ^kjEH d`h xbZ Fkh = (A) 1999 eÍ (B) 2000 eÍ (C) 2001 eÍ (D) 2004 eÍ jkÆV_h; xzkeh. jkstxkj xkj≥Vh ;kstuk d`ks ^kjEH eÍ ¥kxw fd`;k x;k Fkk% (A) 100 ft¥kÍ eÍ (B) 200 ft¥kÍ eÍ

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1623

(C) 330 ft¥kÍ (D) lHh ft¥kÍ

eÍ (C) fo® ea(k¥; ds` }kjk eÍ (D) jkÆV_h; ^frn'kZ losZ{k. laxBu ds` }kjk 62. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls Hkjr d`k d`kSulk jkT; ew∑xœ`¥h (Groundnut) d`k lcls 69. gk¥ ds` o"ksÛ eÍ la?h; ljd`kj ds` ctVkÍ cÈMk mRiknd` gS = eÍ O;; d`k lcls cÈMk en gS% (A) rfe¥ukMq (A) j{kk O;; (B) e÷; ^ns'k (B) C;kt d`h vnk;xh (C) jktLFkku (C) eq“; minku (Subsidies) (D) xqtjkr (D) iw∑th O;; 63. LVh¥ vFkksfjVh vkWœ` bf≥M;k d`h 70. gk¥ ds` o"ksÛ eÍ Hkjr eÍ d~`f" fo® d`k LFkkiuk d`k o"Z gS% lcls cÈMk lzksr fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` gS = (A) 1965 (B) 1971 (A) okf.T; cßd` (C) 1974 (D) 1956 (B) lgd`kjh cßd` 64. o"Z 2006-07 eÍ Hkjr d`h th\Mh\ih\ (C) {ks(h; xzkeh. cßd` eÍ m»ksx d`k va'k Fkk% (D) Hwfe fod`kl cßd` (A) 20 ^fr'kr ls d`e (B) 20–25 ^fr'kr ds` e÷; 71. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` vlekurk ?Vkus d`k mik; ugÓ gS = (C) 25–30 ^fr'kr ds` e÷; (A) U;wure-vko';d`rk d`k;Zdz`e (D) 35– 40 ^fr'kr ds` e÷; (B) vFkZO;oLFkk d`k mnkjhd`j. 65. vkfcn gqlSu lfefr d`k lEcU| Fkk% (C) d`jkjksi. (Taxation) (A) fu;kZr lEo*Zu (Export Pro(D) Hwfe lq|kj (Land reforms) motion) ls (B) ¥?q ,oa e÷;e m»ksx ls 72. ‘feM-Ms eh¥’ ;kstuk fuEukafd`r o"Z eÍ ^kjEH gqbZ Fkh% (C) d~`f" fod`kl ls (A) 1995 eÍ (B) 1996 eÍ (D) ˜tkZ {ks( lq|kj ls (C) 1997 eÍ (D) 1998 eÍ 66. xr n'kd` eÍ Hkjr ds` fuEuf¥f[r {ks(kÍ eÍ ls fd`lus lcls vf|d` Hkjr 73. Hkjr eÍ ˜tkZ-mRiknu eÍ lokZf|d` va'k fuEuf¥f[r d`k gS% eÍ ‘lh|k fons'kh fuos'k’ vkd`f"Zr fd`;k (A) v.q ˜tkZ gS = (B) t¥ ˜tkZ (A) moZjd`kÍ d`ks NksÈMd`j vU; jklk;fud` (C) ˜Æeh; (Thermal) ˜tkZ (D) mi;qZDr rhukÍ ds` cjkcj va'k gS (B) lsok {ks( (C) [k» ^laLd`j. (Food pro- 74. Hkjr ljd`kj d`h ubZ fons'kh O;kikj cessing) uhfr d`h le;kof| gS% (D) nwjlapkj (Telecommunica(A) 2004–11 (B) 2004–08 tion) 67.

(C) 2004–09 (D) 2004–10

X;kjgoÓ iapo"hZ; ;kstuk eÍ ld`¥ 75. tSls-tSls vFkZO;oLFkk d`k fod`kl gksrk ?js¥w mRikn d`h okf"Zd` lao~f* nj gS] th\Mh\ih\ eÍ r~rh; {ks( d`k va'k% d`k ¥{; gS% (A) ?Vrk gS (A) 8·0 ^fr'kr (B) ?Vrk gS] fœ`j cÈ
77.

jkÆV_h;

xzkeh. LokLF; fe'ku d`ks ^kjEH d`jus d`k o"Z

Kku (Knowledge) viotZu (C) ,l\ pUnz'ks[j vkfFkZd` (Economic) viotZu (D) txnh'k pUnz cksl Fkk% f¥ax vlekurk,a (Inequalities) 93. vUrfj{k eÍ Hstk x;k Hkjr d`k ^Fke (A) 2003 (B) 2004 mixzg Fkk% 85. jkÆV_h; lk{kjrk fe'ku ds` vUrxZr] (C) 2005 (D) 2006 nsg¥h (Threshold) lk{kjrk nj 75 (A) HkLd`j (B) jksfg.h lkoZtfud` {ks( d`h cprÍ 1998-99 ds` ^fr'kr fu|kZfjr d`h xbZ Fkh\ blds` (C) vk;ZH± (D) ,fIi¥ i'pkrΩ )`.kRed` jgus ds` mijkUr f¥, ¥f{kr o"Z Fkk% 94. Mh\,u\,\ fœ`axj f^fUVax ds` mi;ksx fd`l o"Z eÍ |ukRed` gks xbÛ = (A) 2007 (B) 2011 }kjk bax¥S≥M eÍ ig¥k vijk| fd`l (A) 2002-03 (B) 2003-04 (C) 2015 (D) 2020 o"Z eÍ g¥ fd`;k x;k Fkk = (C) 2004-05 (D) 2005-06 86. d`kikVZ (CAPART) ,d` Lok;® laLFkk (A) 1963 (B) 1973 fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSuls d`j ls ds`Unz gS] tks fuEukafd`r ds` v|hu d`k;Z (C) 1983 (D) 1993 d`ks o"Z 2007-08 eÍ lokZf|d` vk; d`jrh gS% 95. ¥sM isfUl¥ eÍ gksrk gS% ^kIr gqbZ = (A) d~`f" ea(k¥; (A) lhlk (Lead) (A) fuxe d`j (Corporation Tax) (B) xzkeh. fod`kl ea(k¥; (B) lhls d`k vkWDlkbM (Lead (B) vk;d`j (Income Tax) (C) m»ksx ea(k¥; oxide) (C) lhek 'kqYd` (Customs Duty) (D) ;kstuk vk;ksx (C) xzsœ`kbV (Graphite) (D) ds`Unzh; mRikn 'kqYd` (Union 87. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu ‘Hkjr fuekZ.’ (D) lhls d`k lYœ`kbM (Lead sulExcise Duty) ds` vUrxZr lfEef¥r ugÓ gS = phide) 1991–2001 ds ` vUnj tux.uk (A) xzkeh. vkokl 96. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l foVkfeu eÍ vof| eÍ Hkjr ds` fd`l jkT; eÍ tu(B) xzkeh. fpfd`Rlk¥; d`ksckYV gksrk gS = la“;k o~f* d`h nj U;wure jgh = (C) xzkeh. t¥ vkiwfrZ (A) foVkfeu A eÍ (A) fgekp¥ ^ns'k (D) xzkeh. fo»qrhd`j. (B) foVkfeu B 1 eÍ (B) mÈMhlk 88. fH¥kbZ LVh¥ I¥k≥V Hkjr ljd`kj (C) foVkfeu B 6 eÍ (C) vkU|z ^ns'k rFkk fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l ,d` d`k (D) foVkfeu B 12 eÍ (D) ds`j¥ la;qDr midz`e gS = 97. Hkjr d`k lcls cÈMk tgkt rksÈMus usd`ks (NACO) ,d` ,slh laLFkk gS (A) Ôl (B) fczVsu d`k ;kMZ xqtjkr eÍ fd`l LFkku ij ftld`k lEcU| gS% (C) teZ u h (D) iks ¥ S ≥ M fLFkr gS = (A) dß`lj ls (A) v¥ax (B) d`kaM¥k (B) f'k'kq LokLF; lqfo|k ls 89. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu] xk; d`h mPp nqX| mRiknu ^tkfr gS = (C) ,MΩl ls (C) iksjcUnj (D) vks[k (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls fd`lh ls ugÓ (A) MkWlsZV (B) gkSYLVkbu 98. Hzw.h; o~f* (Foetal growth) d`ks (C) lkfgok¥ (D) jsM fla|h ekius ok¥h gk¥ eÍ fod`flr rd`uhd` ,p\Mh\vkbZ\ d`h x.uk eÍ] tUe ds` gS% le; thou ^R;k'kk ds` f¥, vf|- 90. t;k] iìk ,oa d~`Æ.k fuEuf¥f[r eÍ d`re eku rFkk U;wure eku ·o"ksÛ eÍ‚ (A) ekbdz`ksoso rd`uhd` ls fd`l |kU; (Cereals) d`h mUur f¥, tkrs gß% fd`LeÍ gß = (B) vYV_klksfuDl (A) 100 rFkk 25 (A) |ku (Rice) (C) vYV_k-ok;¥sV fd`j.Í (B) 90 rFkk 30 (D) ,Dl-fd`j.Í (B) xsgw∑ (Wheat) (C) 85 rFkk 25 (C) tkS (Barley) 99. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ;qXe lqesf¥r (D) 80 rFkk 20 ugÓ gS = (D) eDd`k (Maize) Hkjr eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk (A) Y2K — d`EI;wVj jkT; pko¥ d`k lcls cÈMk mRiknd` 91. Hkjr d`k lcls cÈMk iSV_ks jlk;u gS = (B) xfB;k — ;wfjd` vE¥ d`kj[kuk fd`l jkT; eÍ fLFkr gS = (A) vkU|z ^ns'k (Arthritis) (A) xqtjkr eÍ (B) m®j ^ns'k (C) ÷ofu ^nw". — Mslhcs¥ (B) if'pe caxk¥ eÍ (C) if'pe caxk¥ (D) ije 10,000 — i~Foh ls i~Foh (C) vle eÍ (D) iatkc rd` d`h (D) rfe¥ukMq eÍ ,p\ih\vkbZ\-2 ·ekuo fu|Zurk lwpfelkb¥ d`kad`- 2 ‚ eÍ fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSuls 92. fuEuf¥f[r oSKkfud`kÍ eÍ ls d`kSu ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj fotsrk ugÓ gS = 100. 22 dS`jV lksus d`h 'kq*rk gS% ,d`ek( rRo ij fopkj fd`;k tkrk gS = (A) gj xksfcUn [qjkuk (A) 100% (B) ~ 99% (A) lkekftd` viotZu (Exclusion) (B) lh\ oh\ jeu (C) ~ 92% (D) ~ 75% (NRHM)

78.

79.

80.

81.

82.

83.

84.

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1624

(B) (C) (D)

101.

102.

103.

104.

105.

106.

107.

108.

lax.d`kÍ eÍ ^;qDr vkbZ\lh\ (I.C.) fpi ^k;# fuEuf¥f[r ls cuk, tkrs gß% (A) i.Z (Leaf) ls (B) dz`ksfe;e ls (C) flf¥d`kWu ls (D) Lo.Z ls nf{k. |qzoh; 'kks| ds` f¥, LFkkfir ^Fke Hkjrh; LVs'ku d`k uke gS% (A) nf{k. xaxks(h (B) nf{k. ;equks(h (C) ,UVkdZ`fVd`k (D) xksnkojh d`EI;wVj d`h Le~fr (Memory) d`k ekiu fd`;k tkrk gS% (A) fcVΩl ds` }kjk (B) vks©l ds` }kjk (C) ,sfEi;j ds` }kjk (D) oksYVΩl ds` }kjk Hkjr }kjk fod`flr vkbZ\lh\ch\,e\ (ICBM), ftld`h ekjd` {kerk 2000 fd`eh ls vf|d` gS] d`ks fuEuf¥f[r uke fn;k x;k gS% (A) i~Foh (B) f('kw¥ (C) vkd`k'k (D) vfXu- II eax¥ ,oa c~gLifr d`h d`{kkvkÍ ds` e÷; lw;Z ds` prqfnZd` pDd`j ¥xkus ok¥s pVΩVkukÍ ds` NksVs Vqd`ÈMkÍ ds` lewg d`ks d`grs gß% (A) mYd`k;Í (Meteors) (B) iqPN¥ rkjs (Comets) (C) mYd`k fi≥M (Meteorites) (D) {kqnz xzg (Asteroids) tc ikuh eÍ lk|kj. ued` fe¥k;k tkrk gS] rks ikuh ds` DoFkukad` fcUnq (Boiling Point) vkSj fgekad` fcUnq (Freezing point)% (A) cÈ< tk,axs (B) ?V tk,axs (C) dz`e'k# ?VÍxs vkSj cÈ<Íxs (D) dz`e'k# cÈ<Íxs vkSj ?VÍxs uh¥ xk; fuEuf¥f[r dq`¥ eÍ vkrh gS% (A) xk; (Cow) (B) cd`jh (Goat) (C) HsÈM (Sheep) (D) fgju (Deer) fd`l ns'k ds` oSKkfud`kÍ us ,d` ,slk d~`f(e jDr cuk;k gS] tks I¥kfLVd` jDr d`h fd`Le gS] ftls fd`lh ejht

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1625

109.

110.

111.

112.

113.

d`ks mlds` :f|j xzqi ·fd`Le‚ d`k fopkj fd`, fcuk fn;k tk ld`rk gS = (A) ;w\,l\,\ (B) fczVsu (C) phu (D) ukosZ 'kgrwr (Mulberry) d`k œ`¥ gS% (A) lksjksfll (B) lkbd`ksul (C) lekjk (D) uV izksVhu fuEu eÍ ls fd`l vE¥ ls ,d`f(r gksrh gß = (A) vk;ksfMd` vE¥ (B) œ`kfeZd` vE¥ (C) vehuks vE¥ (D) ukbV_l vE¥ œ`l¥ d`k ^d`kj ftleÍ gok ls u(tu lafpr d`jus d`h {kerk gksrh gS] gS% (A) xsgw∑ (B) nk¥Í (Legumes) (C) d`kWœ`h (D) jcj Lopkf¥r okgukÍ ls fuokZrd` lcls vkfo"k¥q |krq ^nw"d` (Toxic metal pollutant) gS% (A) d`kWij (B) ¥sM (C) dS`Mfe;e (D) ejd`jh fuEuf¥f[r ˜tkZ lzksrkÍ eÍ ls d`kSulk loksZ®e i;kZoj. vuqdw`¥ gS = (A) isV_ksf¥;e mRikn (B) ou mRikn (C) ukfHd`h; fo[≥Mu (Nuclear fission) (D) lkSj

nkc vkSj rkieku vknzZrk] nkc vkSj rkieku lw;Z ls i~Foh rd` ^d`k'k ds` igq∑pus eÍ ¥xHx le; ¥xrk gS% (A) 2 feuV d`k (B) 4 feuV d`k (C) 8 feuV d`k (D) 16 feuV d`k fuEukafd`r eÍ ÷ofu d`k osx vf|d`re gksrk gS% (A) fuokZr (Vacuum) eÍ (B) nzo eÍ (C) ok;q eÍ (D) |krq eÍ ;fn A d`k vFkZ gS (+), B d`k vFkZ gS (–), C d`k vFkZ gS (÷) vkSj D d`k vFkZ (×) rks% 18 A 12 C 6 D 2 B 5 lerqY; gS (A) 27 ds` (B) 25 ds` (C) 15 ds` (D) 17 ds` ,d` fuokZpu eÍ ,d` dS`UMhMsV d`ks 71% oksV fe¥rs gß vkSj og pquko 756 oksV ls thr tkrk gS\ ;fn pquko eÍ ds`o¥ nks dS`UMhMsVΩl gkÍ] rks dq`¥ oksVkÍ d`h la“;k Fkh% (C) (D)

117.

118.

119.

120.

(A) 1890 (C) 1860 121.

(B) 1800 (D) 1850

NksVh-ls-NksVh og la“;k ftleÍ 10 tksÈMus ls ^kIr la“;k 12, 15, 18, 20 rFkk 24 ls foHkT; gks] gksxh% (A) 230 (C) 290

(B) 250 (D) 350

lS¥ (Solar cells) 114. vkstksu ijr ds` {k;hd`j. (Deple- 122. fuEuf¥f[r Js.h eÍ d`kSulk fod`Yi ^'uokpd` fpÕ (?) d`ks ^frLFkkfir tion) d`k ^eq[ d`kj. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ d`jsxk = ls d`kSulk gS = FRP, HPQ, JNS, LLV, ? (A) ijkcßxuh fd`j.Í (A) PKZ (B) NJZ (B) D¥ksjksŒ¥ksjksd`kcZUl (C) OJZ (D) MKZ (C) d`kcZu MkbvkWDlkbM (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 123. nks LVs'ku A rFkk B, 10 fd`eh nwjh ij gß\ ,d` O;fDr P, LVs'ku A ls B 115. jrkß|h (Night blindness) fuEud`h vksj 3 fd`eh/?≥Vk d`h pk¥ ls f¥f[r d`h d`eh ds` d`kj. gksrh gS% p¥rk gS rFkk nwljk O;fDr Q, LVs'ku (A) foVkfeu B 1 B ls A d`h vksj 2 fd`eh/?≥Vk d`h (B) foVkfeu C pk¥ ls p¥rk gS\ os d`c vkSj d`gk∑ (C) foVkfeu A fe¥Íxs = (D) foVkfeu E (A) nks ?≥Vs ckn] A ls 6 fd`eh nwj 116. d`ejs eÍ ¥xk gqvk okrkuqdw`¥d` (Air(B) rhu ?≥Vs ckn] A ls 9 fd`eh nwj conditioner) fu;fU(r d`jrk gS% 1 (C) 2 ?≥Vs ckn] A ls 7·5 fd`eh nwj 2 (A) ds`o¥ rkieku (D) nks ?≥Vs ckn] A ls 4 fd`eh nwj (B) vknzZrk vkSj rkieku

124.

fuEuf¥f[r la“;kvkÍ d`h Js.h eÍ fd`rus ‘4’ ,sls gß ftuds` ig¥s rFkk ckn eÍ ,d` le la“;k (Even number) gS = 6432483154232464813242645 (A) pkj (B) rhu (C) nks (D) ,d`

125. A, B rFkk C ,d` lk>snkjh d`jrs gß\ A, iwjh ¥kxr d`k ,d` frgkbZ Hkx vnk d`jrk gS] tcfd` B d`h fgLlsnkjh] A rFkk C d`h lfEef¥r fgLlsnkjh ds` cjkcj gS\ ;fn o"Z ds` vUr eÍ 900 :\ d`k ¥kH gksrk gS] rks C d`ks D;k

fe¥sxk =

(A) 100 :\ (C) 200 :\ 126.

131.

132.

(B) 150 :\ (D) 300 :\

nh gqbZ lhfjt eÍ fuEu fod`YikÍ eÍ ls ¥qIr in d`k irk ¥xk,a% 2 Z 5, 7 Y 7, 14 X 9, 23 W 11, 34 V 13, ? 133.

fod`Yi% (A) 27 U 24 (C) 45 U 15

(B) 47 U 14 (D) 47 U 15

rhu o"Z iwoZ jkuh] jtr ls 8 o"Z NksVh Fkh] vkt mud`h vk;q eÍ D;k vUrj gS = (A) 8 o"Z (B) 6 o"Z (C) 4 o"Z (D) 3 o"Z 128. fuEuf¥f[r ;qXekÍ eÍ d`kSulk lqesf¥r 134. ugÓ gS= (A) gok vkSj vkWDlhtu (B) f'k{kd` vkSj fo»kFkhZ (C) xf.r vkSj Hwxks¥ (D) HkSfrd`h vkSj foKku 129. fd`lh f(Hqt d`h HqtkvkÍ d`h ¥EckbZ p, q, r gS\ ;fn p2 + q2 + r2 = pq + qr + pr rks f(Hqt d`kSulk gS = (A) jkbV ,ÍfxYM (Right angled) 135. (B) vkblksLds`Yl (Isosceles) (C) bDoh¥sVj¥ (Equilateral) (D) vkCVΩ;qt ,ÍfxYM (Obtuse 127.

angled) 130.

fuEuf¥f[r oxZ nks ifjokjkÍ d`h ekfld` vk; ^nf'kZr d`jrs gß% A 2

B 3

;fn ifjokj A d`h ekfld` vk; 40000 :\ gks] rks ifjokj B d`h ekfld` vk; gksxh% izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1626

rhu 110, 130 rFkk 190 oxZ ehVj {ks(œ`¥kÍ ok¥s I¥kVkÍ d`ks cjkcj vkd`kj d`h œw`¥kÍ d`h D;kfj;kÍ eÍ foHkftr fd`;k tkrk gS\ ;fn ,d` D;kjh d`h pkSÈMkbZ 2 ehVj gks] rks D;kjh (Bed) fo»kfFkZ;kÍ d`h ,d` iafDr eÍ jke ck,a d`h eg®e ¥EckbZ gks ld`rh gS% ls 11oÍ LFkku ij gS rFkk lhek nk,a (A) 5 ehVj (B) 11 ehVj ls 7oÍ LFkku ij gS\ ;fn os vius LFkku (C) 13 ehVj (D) 19 ehVj ijLij cn¥ ¥srs gß] rks jke ck,a ls 15oÍ LFkku ij gks tkrk gS\ crk,a fd` 138. c¥jke] riu rFkk jghe ls NksVk gS\ tksxsUnz] riu ls NksVk gS] fd`Urq jghe dq`¥ fd`rus fo»kFkhZ gß = ls cÈMk gS\ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk (A) 20 (B) 22 d`Fku fuf'pr Ôi ls lgh gS = (C) 21 (D) 25 (A) tksxsUnz lcls cÈMk gS fd`lh d`Eiuh ds` 'ks;j d`k ewY; 4 o"Z (B) jghe lcls NksVs ls cÈMk] fd`Urq eÍ 16 xquk gks tkrk gS\ okf"Zd` vkSlr vU; ls NksVk gS o~f* d`h nj gksxh% (C) c¥jke] tksxsUnz ls cÈMk gS (A) 100% (D) jghe lcls cÈMs ls NksVk] fd`Urq (B) 200% vU; ls cÈMk gS (C) 400% 139. fuEuf¥f[r v{kjkÍ ds` vuqdz`e (Seq(D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ uence) eÍ vx¥k v{kj D;k gksxk = ,d` nEif® ds` ,d` iq( rFkk ,d` iq(h AABABCABCDABCD gß\ firk d`h vk;q iq( d`h vk;q d`h EABCDE pkj xquh gS rFkk iq(h d`h vk;q ekrk (A) F (B) A d`h vk;q d`h ,d` frgkbZ gS\ iRuh d`h (C) B (D) G vk;q ifr ls 6 o"Z d`e gS rFkk cgu HkbZ ls rhu o"Z cÈMh gS\ ekrk d`h 140. ,d` O;fDr us 4 :\ ^fr ntZu d`h nj ls 10 ntZu d`¥e dz`; fd`,\ tk∑p vk;q gS% d`jus ij mlus ik;k fd` 20 d`¥e (A) 42 o"Z (B) 48 o"Z d`k;Z ugÓ d`j jgs Fks\ vo'ks" d`¥ekÍ (C) 54 o"Z (D) 63 o"Z eÍ ls ^R;sd` d`ks fd`l nj ls csps fd` ,d` V_su viuh xfr eÍ 12·5% d`h mls 25% ¥kH gks = o~f* d`jrs gq, vius xUrO; LFkku ij (A) 40 iSls (B) 44 iSls 20 feuV ig¥s igq∑p tkrh gS\ V_su (C) 50 iSls (D) 55 iSls }kjk okLrfod` le; tks ;k(k eÍ f¥;k 141. ,d` ikVhZ eÍ ^R;sd` O;fDr lHh mix;k og Fkk% fLFkr O;fDr;kÍ ls gkFk fe¥krk gS\ (A) 220 feuV ;fn dq`¥ ‘gS≥M 'ksd`’ 66 gq,] rks ikVhZ (B) 180 feuV eÍ mifLFkr dq`¥ O;fDr;kÍ d`h la“;k (C) 145 feuV gksxh% (D) 160 feuV (A) 11 (B) 12 ;fn + d`k vFkZ gS ×, ÷ d`k vFkZ gS –, (C) 22 × d`k vFkZ gS ÷ rFkk – d`k vFkZ gS +, (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ rks% 5 + 12 ÷ 7 – 44 × 2 = ? 142. tc fd`lh la“;k ds` 40% eÍ 24 tksÈMk tkrk gS] rks ifj.ker# ogh la“;k ^kIr (A) 75 (B) 89 gks rh gS\ og la“;k gS% (C) 65 (D) 82 (A) (B) (C) (D)

136.

120000 :\ 90000 :\ 60000 :\ 50000 :\

137.

[kukÍ ds` fuEuf¥f[r vuqdz`e eÍ x rFkk y ds` eku gß% a (A) (B) (C) (D)

1 c 27 e 125 x = b,y = 4 x = f, y = 250 x = g, y = 245 x = g, y = 343

(A) 16 (C) 40

(B) 24 (D) 64

x y 143. 0 rFkk 6 d`k eg®e lekiorZd` (H.C.F.) gS% (A) 0 (B) 6 (C) 3 (D) vifjHkf"r (Undefined)

144.

6 3 4 8 A d`k eku (A) 13 (C) 3 145.

149. 5

^s{k.kÍ d`k ek÷; 60 gS] 10 ^s{k.kÍ d`k ek÷; 30 gS rFkk 15 ^s{k.kÍ d`k ek÷; 20 gS] rks dq`¥ 30 ^s{k.kÍ d`k ek÷; gS%

fuEu ds` lUnHZ eÍ% 18 2 3 27

15 5 A 9

(A) 40 (C) 25

D;k gksxk = 150.

(B) 9 (D) 1

fuEu dz`e ij fopkj d`hft,% 5, 10, 15, 25, 40,……

vkSj crkb, vx¥h la“;k D;k gksxh = (A) 65 (C) 48

(B) 57 (D) 45

146.

jkts'k nf{k. d`h vksj 20 fd`eh tkrk gS\ rRi'pkrΩ ck,a eqÈMd`j 10 fd`eh p¥rk gS rFkk blds` ckn ck,a d`ks eqÈMd`j 20 fd`eh tkrk gS\ og vius ^kjEH fcUnq ls fd`ruh nwj rFkk fd`l fn'kk eÍ gS = (A) 15 fd`eh] iwoZ (B) 10 fd`eh] iwoZ (C) 20 fd`eh] iwoZ (D) 15 fd`eh] if'pe 147. fuEuf¥f[r fp( eÍ P, Q rFkk R dz`e'k# MkWDVjkÍ] jktuhfrKkÍ rFkk v÷;kid`kÍ d`ks fuÔfir d`jrs gß% P Q

R

Nk;knkj Hkx ^nf'kZr d`jrk gS% (A) MkWDVjkÍ d`ks tks v÷;kid` ugÓ gß (B) lHh v÷;kid`kÍ d`ks tks jktuhfrK ugÓ gß (C) lHh MkWDVjkÍ d`ks tks jktuhfrK gß (D) MkWDVjkÍ d`ks tks jktuhfrK ugÓ gß] ijUrq v÷;kid` gß 148. ;fn ckWch d`k ig¥k tUe fnu tuojh 1989 ds` fd`lh ,d` eax¥okj d`ks iÈMs] rks og fnu ftl fnu mld`k tUe gqvk Fkk] gS% (A) jfookj (B) lkseokj (C) eax¥okj (D) cq|okj izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1627

(B) 30 (D) 20

;fn ^R;sd` la“;k xi = i (i = 1, 2,…, n) d`ks (i + 1) xi }kjk ^frLFkkfir d`j fn;k tk, rks u;k lekUrj ek÷; (Arithmetic Mean) gksxk% n+2 2 (n + 1)(n + 2) (B) 2 (n + 1)(n + 2) (C) 3 (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (A)

m®j O;k“;k lfgr 01. (C) B d`h

vk; eÍ ^fr'kr d`eh =

m (100 + m)

⇒

x×

∴ ^kjfEHd`

40 100

tUe fnu = tuojh 1988 d`k d`ksbZ ·eax¥okj – 2‚ = tuojh 1988 d`k d`ksbZ jfookj 149. (B) dq`¥ 30 ^s{k.kÍ d`k ek÷; =

5 × 60 + 10 × 30 + 15 × 20 (5 + 10 + 15)

·

●●●

æs" i~ÆB 1614 d`k Q

P

jktuhfrK

MkWDVj

v÷;kid`

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1630

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(C) (D)

ejkBk%igkÈMh fp( æS¥h flU|q?kVh l˙;rk%fpf(r |wlj e~nΩHk≥M 12. fuEuf¥f[r ex| jktoaækÍ d`ks d`k¥dz`ekuqlkj (Chronological order) O;ofLƒr d`hft,% 1. uan oaæ 2. æqax oaæ (C) gsujh fd`flatj 3. ekS;Z oaæ 4. g;Zd` oaæ (D) T;ka ikW¥ lk(Z m®j fuEu dw`VkÍ eÍ ls pqfu,% 7. Hkjr ij ls ijek.q vkiwfrZ izfrcU| (A) 2, 1, 4 ,oa 3 gVk, tkus ds` lEcU| eÍ fuEuf¥f[r (B) 4, 1, 3 ,oa 2 eÍ ls d`kSulk d`ƒu vlR; gS= (C) 3, 2, 1 ,oa 4 (A) ijek.q vkiwfrZ lewg nsækÍ us (D) 1, 3, 4 ,oa 2 fo,uk eÍ vk;ksftr cSBd` eÍ izfrcU| gVkus d`k fu.Z; f¥;k 13. fuEuf¥f[r d`ƒukÍ d`ks ÷;kuiwoZd` (B) la;qDr jkÆV_ la? d`h lqj{kk ifÈ<,% ifj"nΩ eÍ bl lEcU| eÍ fu.Z; f¥;k 1. xqIr lezkV Lo;a ds` f¥, nSoh; (C) Hkjr us œz`kal ds` lkƒ ijek.q vf|d`kjkÍ d`k nkok d`jrs ƒs\ vkiwfrZ lEcU|h d`jkj fd`;k 2. mud`k izæklu furkUr ds`Unzhd~`r (D) la;qDr jkT; d`h d`kaxzsl us Hkjr (Highly centralized) ƒk\ d`ks ijek.q vkiwfrZ lEcU|h vf|fu;e 3. mUgkÍus Hwfenku d`h ijEijk d`ks ikfjr fd`;k foLrkfjr fd`;k\ m®j fuEu dw`VkÍ ds` vk|kj ij 8. Hkjr jRu nsæ d`k loksZPp ukxfjd` nhft,% (Civilian) iqjLd`kj gS] tksfd` loZizƒe fd`l o"Z eÍ fd`l O;fDr d`ks (A) 1, 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß iznku fd`;k x;k= (B) 1 ,oa 2 lgh gß (A) o"Z 1948; lh\ oh\ jeu (C) 1 ,oa 3 lgh gß (B) o"Z 1952; ¥rk eaxsæd`j (D) 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß (C) o"Z 1953; oh\ d~`Æ.kewfrZ 14. lw p h- I ·jktoaæ‚ lwph-II ·jkt|kuh‚ (D) o"Z 1954; MkW\ jk|kd~`Æ.u d`ks dw`V ds` vk|kj ij fe¥kb,% lwph-II lwph-I 9. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kS u lh tks È M h (a) izfrgkj 1. ratkSj ·¥s[d` ,oa xzaƒ‚ lqesf¥r gS= (b) pks¥ 2. vfUg¥okÈM (A) lquh¥ xkoLd`j%fdz`ds`V ekbLVkb¥ (c) ijekj 3. |kj (B) fg¥sjh fD¥aVu%f¥foax fgLV_h (d) lks¥ad`h 4. d`ukSt (C) Mksfefud` ¥sfi;j%feƒ vkWœ` dw`V # egkRek (a) (b) (c) (d) (D) ehuw elkuh%n LV_x¥ œ`kWj ihl (A) 4 1 2 3 (B) 4 3 2 1 10. ds ` \ ds ` \ fcÈ M ¥k œ`km≥Ms æ u }kjk (C) 4 2 1 3 1992 eÍ lkfgR; ds` {ks( eÍ mRd~`ÆV ;ksxnku (Outstanding contribu(D) 4 1 3 2 tion) ds` f¥, fd`l lEeku d`h Lƒkiuk 15. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh tksÈMh ·>h¥ d`h xbZ= vkSj jkT;‚ lqesf¥r gS= (A) ljLorh lEeku (A) ¥ksd`rd`%ef.iqj (B) vkpk;Z rq¥lh lEeku (B) mn; lkxj%vkU|z iznsæ (C) O;kl lEeku (C) fMMokuk%gfj;k.k (D) ;fr ;ru¥k¥ lEeku (D) d`ks¥s:%mÈMhlk 11. fuEuf¥f[r ;qXekÍ eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` 16. d`ƒu%egkunh d`ks N®hlxÈ< d`h lqesf¥r gS= thou js[k (Lifeline) d`gk tkrk gS\ (A) dq`"k.%xa|kj d`¥k æS¥h d`kj.%iwjs jkT; eÍ ;gh ,d`ek( unh (B) eqx¥%vtark fp(d`kjh gS\

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(A)

d`ƒu vkSj d`kj. nksukÍ lgh gß 2. 5 twu d`ks vUrjkZÆV_h; fod`¥kax rƒk d`kj. d`ƒu d`ks LiÆV d`jrk gS fnol (Handicapped Day) d`k (B) d`ƒu vkSj d`kj. nksukÍ lgh gß] vk;kstu gksrk gS\ ijUrq d`kj. d`ƒu d`ks LiÆV ugÓ d`jrk 3. 10 fnlEcj d`ks ekuo vf|d`kj (C) d`ƒu lgh gS] ijUrq d`kj. fnol (Human Rights Day) x¥r gS euk;k tkrk gS\ (D) d`ƒu x¥r gS] ijUrq d`kj. m®j fuEu dw`V ds` vk|kj ij nhft,% lgh gS (A) 1, 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß 17. N®hlxÈ< eÍ lcls ˜∑pk t¥kæ; (B) 1 ,oa 2 lgh gß (Reservoir) d`kSulk gS= (C) 1 ,oa 3 lgh gß (A) jfoæad`j t¥kæ; (D) 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß (B) d`ksMkj t¥kæ; 23. 38 oÓ lekukUrj lhek js[k fuEu(C) feuhekrk t¥kæ; f¥f[r eÍ ls fd`u nks nsækÍ d`ks (D) lkÍ<wj t¥kæ; foHkftr d`jrh gS= (A) iks¥S≥M vkSj teZuh 18. lwph-I ·[fut‚ d`ks lwph-II ·N®hlxÈ< ds` ft¥s‚ ls dw`V ds` vk|kj ij (B) ikfd`Lrku vkSj vœ`xkfuLrku fe¥kb,% (C) Hkjr vkSj frCcr lwph-I lwph-II (D) m®jh d`ksfj;k ,oa nf{k. d`ksfj;k (a) fVu 1. narsokÈMk 24. d`ƒu%10 vDVwcj] 2008 d`ks Hkjr (b) d`ksjaMe 2. d`ksjck vkSj la;qDr jkT; us 123 le>kSrs ij (c) ¥kSg v;Ld` 3. jk;iqj gLrk{kj fd`,\ (d) d`ks;¥k 4. cLrj d`kj.%bl le>kSrs d`h ?ks".k nksukÍ dw`V # nsækÍ ds` usrkvkÍ }kjk 20 tq¥kbZ] 2007 (a) (b) (c) (d) d`ks d`h xbZ ƒh\ (A) 4 3 2 1 (A) d`ƒu vkSj d`kj. nksukÍ lgh gß rƒk d`kj. d`ƒu d`ks LiÆV d`jrk gS (B) 3 4 1 2 (B) d`ƒu vkSj d`kj. nksukÍ lgh gß] (C) 2 1 3 4 ijUrq d`kj. d`ƒu d`ks LiÆV ugÓ (D) 1 2 4 3 d`jrk 19. N®hlxÈ< d`k lqij ƒeZ¥ ikoj LVsæu (C) d`ƒu lgh gS] ijUrq d`kj. d`gk∑ fLƒr gS= x¥r gS (A) jk;xÈ< (B) narsokÈMk (D) d`ƒu x¥r gS] ijUrq d`kj. (C) d`ksjck (D) fH¥kbZ lgh gS 20. N®hlxÈ< d`h HwxHhZ; lajpuk (Geo25. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh tksÈMh ·jkÆV_ logical formation) eÍ fuEuf¥f[r ,oa jkt|kuh‚ lqesf¥r ugÓ gS= eÍ ls fd`u nks æS¥ lewgkÍ d`k foLrkj (A) fp¥h % lÍfV;kxks lcls vf|d` gS= (B) vtsZUVhuk % C;wulvk;lZ (A) vkfdZ`;u vkSj d`MIik (C) m®j d`ksfj;k % flvks¥ (B) |kjokÈM vkSj nd`u (D) bƒh;ksfi;k % vfnl vckck (C) ˜ijh vkSj fup¥h xkÍMokuk 26. lwph-I ·nsæ‚ vkSj lwph-II ·eqnzk‚ d`ks (D) xzsukbV vkSj ¥sVsjkbV dw`V ds` vk|kj ij fe¥kb,% 21. fd`l laæks|u fo|s;d` }kjk Hkjrh; lwph-II lwph-I lafo|ku eÍ ukxfjd`kÍ ds` ew¥ d`rZO;kÍ (a) esfDld`ks 1. ;su d`ks ækfe¥ fd`;k x;k= (b) vkfLV_;k 2. islks (A) 42ok∑ laæks|u fo|s;d` (c) tkiku 3. fj;k¥ (B) 56ok∑ laæks|u fo|s;d` (d) l˜nh vjc 4. fæf¥ax (C) 73ok∑ laæks|u fo|s;d` dw`V # (D) 98ok∑ laæks|u fo|s;d`

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izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1632

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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œ`hfuDl ekDlZ ¥ßMj eax¥ (Mars) xzg d`h lrg ij fd`l frfƒ d`ks mrjk= (A) 27 twu] 2008 (B) 27 ebZ] 2008 (C) 26 twu] 2008 (D) 25 ebZ] 2008 izƒe Hkjrh; lEizs". lsVs¥kbV (Communication Satellite) ,i¥ NksÈMk x;k% (A) 27 œ`jojh] 1982 d`ks (B) 18 flrEcj] 1981 d`ks (C) 19 twu] 1981 d`ks (D) 25 fnlEcj] 1981 d`ks d`ƒu%vius d`k;Zd`k¥ ds` nkSjku Hkjr ds` jkÆV_ifr ds` fo:* fd`lh Hh U;k;k¥; eÍ eqd`nek ugÓ p¥k;k tk ld`rk\ d`kj.%jkÆV_ifr d`k in lafo|ku ds` ˜ij gksrk gS\ (A) d`ƒu vkSj d`kj. nksukÍ lgh gß rƒk d`kj. d`ƒu d`ks LiÆV d`jrk gS (B) d`ƒu vkSj d`kj. nksukÍ lgh gß] ijUrq d`kj. d`ƒu d`ks LiÆV ugÓ d`jrk (C) d`ƒu lgh gS] ijUrq d`kj. x¥r gS (D) d`ƒu x¥r gS] ijUrq d`kj. lgh gS Hkjrh; la?okn (Federalism) d`ks lgd`kjh la?okn fd`lus d`gk gS= (A) th\ vkfLVu (B) ds`\ lh\ ÿh;j (C) lj vkboj tsfuaXl (D) Mh\ Mh\ olq fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh tksÈMh ·laLƒk vkSj lafo|ku ds` vuqPNsn‚ lqesf¥r gS= (A) Hkjr d`k loksZPp U;k;k¥;% vuqPNsn 318 (B) Hkjr d`k fuokZ p u vk;ks x % vuqPNsn 324 (C) la ? h; ¥ks d ` ls o k vk;ks x % vuqPNsn 332 (D) egkf|oDrk (Attorney General)%vuqPNsn 351 1957 eÍ fd`l lfefr us Hkjr eÍ f(Lrjh; iapk;r jkt d`h loZizƒe flœ`kfjæ d`h ƒh= (A) væksd` esgrk lfefr (B) lhr¥okM lfefr

(C) (D)

c¥oar jk; esgrk lfefr (B) cqDd`k izƒe guqearS;k lfefr (C) d~`Æ.nso jk; (D) lk¥qo ujflag 33. lw p h- I ·ck∑| ifj;kstuk‚ d`ks lwph-II ·jkT;‚ ds` dw`V ds` vk|kj ij lqesf¥r 38. eqx¥d`k¥ ds` fuEuf¥f[r ;q*kÍ d`ks d`hft,% d`k¥dz`ekuqlkj O;ofLƒr d`hft,% lwph-II lwph-I 1. ?k?jk d`k ;q* (a) fjgUn 1. mÈMhlk 2. [kuok d`k ;q* (b) md`bZ 2. egkjkÆV_ 3. pkSlk d`k ;q* (c) ghjkdq`M 3. m®j iznsæ 4. lkewxÈ< d`k ;q* (d) d`ks;uk 4. xqtjkr m®j fuEuf¥f[r dw`VkÍ eÍ ls pqfu,% dw`V # (A) 2, 1, 3 ,oa 4 (a) (b) (c) (d) (B) 1, 3, 2 ,oa 4 (C) 3, 2, 1 ,oa 4 (A) 3 4 1 2 (D) 2, 3 1 ,oa 4 (B) 3 1 2 4 (C) 3 4 2 1 39. d`ƒu%eqx¥d`k¥ eÍ eulcnkjh izƒk fo»eku ƒh\ (D) 3 2 4 1 d`kj.%eulcnkjkÍ d`k p;u ;ksX;rk 34. fuEuf¥f[r d`ƒukÍ d`ks ÷;kuiwoZd` ds` vk|kj ij gksrk ƒk\ ifÈ<,% (A) d`ƒu vkSj d`kj. nksukÍ lgh gß 1. Hkjr us 1991 eÍ vkfƒZd` mnkjhrƒk d`kj. d`ƒu d`ks LiÆV d`jrk gS d`j. d`h uhfr viukbZ\ (B) d`ƒu vkSj d`kj. nksukÍ lgh gß] 2. fonsæh eqnzk cktkj ,oa fonsæh ijUrq d`kj. d`ƒu d`ks LiÆV ugÓ fuosæ {ks(kÍ d`ks izksRlkgu fn;k d`jrk x;k\ (C) d`ƒu lgh gS] ijUrq d`kj. 3. fonsæh oLrqvkÍ ds` vk;kr d`ks x¥r gS izfrcU| ls eqDr fd`;k x;k\ (D) d`ƒu x¥r gS] ijUrq d`kj. m®j fuEu dw`VkÍ ds` vk|kj ij nhft,% lgh gS (A) 1. 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß 40. lw p h- I ·eqx¥ ækld`‚ d`ks lw p h-II (B) 1 ,oa 2 lgh gß ·ed`cjs d`k Lƒku‚ ls dw`V ds` vk|kj (C) 1 ,oa 3 lgh gß ij fe¥kb,% (D) 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß lwph-II lwph-I 35. Hkjr eÍ ;kstuk d`k izkjEH okLro eÍ (a) ckcj 1. fnY¥h f}rh; iapo"hZ; ;kstuk ls gqvk\ (b) gqek;wa 2. d`kcq¥ Hkjrh; ;kstuk ds` okLrqd`kj (Architect) d`kSu ƒs= (c) vd`cj 3. ¥kgkSj (A) tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ (d) tgk∑xhj 4. fld`Unjk (B) eksjkjth nslkbZ dw`V # (C) lh\ Mh\ nsæeq[ (a) (b) (c) (d) (D) ih\ lh\ egk¥uohl (A) 1 2 3 4 36. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kS u lk d`ƒu (B) 2 1 4 3 c¥cu ds` lEcU| eÍ ugÓ gS= (C) 3 4 1 2 (A) mlus fu;kcr-,-[qnkbZ ds` (D) 4 3 2 1 fl*kUr d`k izfriknu fd`;k (B) mlus bDrknkjh O;oLƒk d`k 41. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kS u lh tks È M h ·xouZj-tuj¥ vkSj ?Vuk‚ lqesf¥r izkjEH fd`;k gS= (C) mlus rqd`kZu-,-pg¥xkuh d`k (A) ¥kWMZ d`kWuZokf¥l%jsX;q¥sfVax ,DV izHko lekIr fd`;k (B) ¥kWMZ os¥st¥h%Lƒk;h cUnkscLr (D) mlus caxk¥ ds` fonzksg (Revolt) d`k neu fd`;k (C) ¥kWMZ ,¥ucjk%fla| d`k fo¥; (D) ¥kWMZ M¥gkSth%izƒe vœ`xku ;q* 37. fot; uxj ds` fd`l ækld` us phu ds` lezkV ds` ikl viuk jktnwr Hstk= 42. fuEuf¥f[r d`ƒukÍ d`ks ÷;kuiwoZd` (A) gfjgj izƒe ifÈ<,% izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1633

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48.

49.

cz© lekt ,ds`'ojokn (Monotheism) d`k leƒZu d`jrk gS\ 2. vk;Z lekt us fæ{kk ds` fod`kl eÍ ;ksxnku fn;k\ 3. jked~`Æ. feæu d`h Lƒkiuk Lokeh foosd`kuUn us d`h\ m®j fuEuf¥f[r dw`VkÍ ds` vk|kj ij nhft,% (A) 1, 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß (B) 1 ,oa 2 lgh gß (C) 1 ,oa 3 lgh gß (D) 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß bax¥S≥M vkSj vkLV_sf¥;k ds` chp gksus ok¥h fdz`ds`V VsLV Δk~a[¥k d`ks D;k d`gk tkrk gS= (A) MchZ (B) ,æst gkfdZ`u (C) ghjkst (D) ,æst tq¥kbZ 2006 eÍ teZuh eÍ vk;ksftr œ`hœ`k œq`Vck¥ fo'o d`i ds` œ`kbu¥ eSp eÍ bV¥h us fd`l nsæ d`ks ijkftr fd`;k= (A) œz`kal (B) teZuh (C) vtsÛVhuk (D) czkth¥ lq¥rku vt¥ku ækg gkWd`h izfr;ksfxrk d`k vk;kstu d`kSulk nsæ d`jrk gS= (A) la;qDr vjc vehjkr (B) e¥sfæ;k (C) dq`oSr (D) cgjhu fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh tksÈMh ·[s¥ eSnku vkSj ægj‚ lqesf¥r ugÓ gS= (A) bZMu xkMZuΩl%d`ks¥d`krk (B) oku[sMs LVsfM;e%eqEcbZ (C) fpUukLokeh LVsfM;e%psUubZ (D) xzhu ikdZ %d`kuiqj fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk d`hfrZeku lfpu rÍnq¥d`j ds` lkƒ lEcfU|r ugÓ gS= (A) VsLV eSpkÍ eÍ lokZf|d` ju (B) ,d`fnolh; eSpkÍ eÍ lokZf|d` ju (C) ,d`fnolh; eSpkÍ eÍ lokZf|d` ærd` (D) VsLV eSpkÍ eÍ lokZf|d` fods`V orZeku eÍ Hkjrh; efg¥k gkWd`h Vhe eÍ N®hlxÈ< jkT; d`h d`kSulh f[¥kÈMh lfEef¥r gS= (A) uhrk Mqejs (B) lck vatqe (C) lck [ku (D) jksfg.h uk;d` vDVwcj 2008 eÍ iq.s eÍ vk;ksftr r~rh; jkÆV_e≥M¥ ;qok [s¥kÍ eÍ lcls vf|d` Lo.Zind` fd`l nsæ us thrs=

(A) (C)

vkLV_sf¥;k (B) bax¥S≥M 56. fuEuf¥f[r d`ƒukÍ d`ks ÷;kuiwoZd` ifÈ<,% Hkjr (D) U;wth¥S≥M 1. chftax vks¥fEid` eÍ vejhd`k ds` 50. d`kSulk u~R; ds`o¥ iq:" d`¥kd`kjkÍ ekbd`¥ œs`YIl us rSjkd`h eÍ fjd`kWMZ }kjk izLrqr fd`;k tkrk gS= vkB Lo.Z ind` izkIr fd`,\ (A) eksfguh v±e (B) vksfMlh 2. ekbd`¥ œs`YIl us ,ƒÍl vks¥fEid` (C) d`ƒd`¥h (D) ef.iqjh eÍ rSjkd`h eÍ N# Lo.Z ind` izkIr fd`, ƒs\ 51. Hkjrh; fjtoZ cßd` ds` ikl fofHUu O;kolkf;d` cßd`kÍ d`h dq`¥ tek ,oa 3. chftax vks¥fEid` eÍ vejhd`k us vkjf{kr jkfæ d`k fu|kZfjr Hkx D;k lokZf|d` Lo.Z ind` izkIr d`j d`g¥krk gS= izƒe Lƒku ik;k\ (A) Hqxrku lUrq¥u (Balance of m®j fuEu dw`VkÍ ds` vk|kj ij nhft,% payment) (A) 1, 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß (B) cßd` xkj≥Vh (B) 1 ,oa 2 lgh gß (C) vekur (Caution) jkfæ (C) 1 ,oa 3 lgh gß (D) ud`n vkjf{kr vuqikr (CRR) (D) 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß 52. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kS u lh tks È M h 57. fuEuf¥f[r ?VukvkÍ d`ks d`k¥dz`ek·m»ksx ,oa m»ksxifr‚ lqesf¥r ugÓ uqlkj (Chronological order) gS= O;ofLƒr d`hft,% (A) fj¥k;al%eqds`æ vEckuh 1. nkaMh ;k(k (B) foizks%vkj\ d~`Æ.ewfrZ 2. fæe¥k le>kSrk 3. fr¥d` d`h e~R;q (C) ,;jVs¥%Hkjrh fe®¥ 4. pEikj. lR;kxzg (D) uSuks d`kj%jru VkVk (A) 1, 3, 4 ,oa 2 53. Hkjr eÍ vYila“;d`kÍ (Minorities) (B) 2, 4, 1 ,oa 3 ds` d`Y;k. gsrq iz|kuea(h }kjk ?ksf"r (C) 3, 4 2 ,oa 1 d`k;Zdz`e d`ks D;k d`grs gß= (D) 4, 3, 1 ,oa 2 (A) vUR;ksn; d`k;Zdz`e 58. xksch (Gobi) e:Lƒ¥ fd`l nsæ eÍ (B) iz|kuea(h jkstxkj ;kstuk fLƒr gS= (C) 15 lw(h; d`k;Zdz`e (A) esfDld`ks (B) lksekf¥;k (D) 20 lw(h; d`k;Zdz`e (C) felz (D) eaxksf¥;k 54. 2008 ds` chftax vks¥fEid` eÍ 100 ehVj nkSÈM ·iq:"‚ eÍ fd`ls Lo.Z ind` 59. d`ƒu%N®hlxÈ< d`ks ‘|ku d`k d`Vksjk’ (Rice bowl) d`gk tkrk gS\ izkIr gqvk= d`kj.%;gk∑ |ku d`h mit Hkjr ds` (A) ;qtsu cksYV vU; iz k UrkÍ ls vf|d` gS\ (B) d`k¥Z ¥qbZl (A) d`ƒu vkSj d`kj. nksukÍ lgh gß (C) ekbd`¥ tkWulu rƒk d`kj. d`ƒu d`ks LiÆV d`jrk gS (D) uqlku cqds`jh (B) d`ƒu vkSj d`kj. nksukÍ lgh gß] 55. lwph-I ·d`i‚ lwph-II ·[s¥‚ ls dw`V ds` ijUrq d`kj. d`ƒu d`ks LiÆV ugÓ vk|kj ij fe¥kb,% d`jrk lwph-II lwph-I (C) d`ƒu lgh gS] ijUrq d`kj. x¥r gS (a) vkxk[k∑ d`i 1. xksYœ` (D) d`ƒu x¥r gS] ijUrq d`kj. (b) mcsj d`i 2. œq`Vck¥ lgh gS (c) Mqj≥M d`i 3. gkWd`h (d) jkbMj d`i 4. cSMfeaVu 60. lwph-I ·unh ?kVh ;kstuk‚ d`ks lwph-II ·unh‚ ls dw`V ds` vk|kj ij fe¥kb,% dw`V # lwph-I (a) (b) (c) (d) (a) fæoleqnze (A) 1 2 4 3 (b) ukxktqZu lkxj (B) 2 3 1 4 (C) 3 4 2 1 (c) tk;d`okÈMh (D) 4 1 3 2 (d) Vsgjh izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1634

lwph-II 1. Hkxhjƒh 3. xksnkojh dw`V # (A) (B) (C) (D) 61.

62.

63.

64.

65.

(a) 2 2 2 2

(b) 4 4 3 1

2. 4.

d`kosjh d~`Æ.k

(c) 3 1 4 4

(d) 1 3 1 3

N®hlxÈ< d`h eSd`k¥ Js.h d`h igkfÈM;kÍ eÍ lcls ˜∑ph pksVh d`kSulh gS= (A) nsoxÈ< (B) cnjxÈ< (C) ¥kœ`kxÈ< (D) jk;xÈ< fuEuf¥f[r d`ƒukÍ d`ks ÷;kuiwoZd` ifÈ<,% 1. N®hlxÈ< eÍ xkÍM lcls cÈMk tutkfr (Tribal) lewg gS\ 2. mjkao lcls NksVk tutkfr lewg gS\ 3. d`ekj vkSj igkÈMh d`ksjok foæs" fiNÈMh tutkfr;k∑ gß\ m®j dw`VkÍ ds` vk|kj ij nhft,% (A) 1, 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß (B) 1 ,oa 2 lgh gß (C) 1 ,oa 3 lgh gß (D) 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh tksÈMh ·vH;kj≥; ,oa ft¥k‚ lqesf¥r ugÓ gS= (A) ikesM%narsokÈMk (B) ckn¥[ks¥%tæiqj (C) xksejnk%jk;xÈ< (D) mnUrh%ljxqtk gok eÍ vknZzrk d`ks ukius ds` f¥, d`kSulk mid`j. iz;ksx eÍ ¥k;k tkrk gS`= (A) gkbM_ksehVj (Hydrometer) (B) gkbxzksehVj (Hygrometer) (C) LisDV_ksehVj (Spectrometer) (D) ;wfM;ksehVj (Eudiometer) d`ƒu%pUnzek ij ekuo d`k otu i~Foh d`h rq¥uk eÍ 1/6 jgrk gS\ d`kj.%pUnzek ij i~Foh d`h rjg xq:Rokd`"Z. (Gravity) ugÓ gS\ fuEuf¥f[r dw`VkÍ eÍ ls m®j d`k p;u d`hft,% (A) d`ƒu vkSj d`kj. nksukÍ lgh gß rƒk d`kj. d`ƒu d`ks LiÆV d`jrk gS (B) d`ƒu vkSj d`kj. nksukÍ lgh gß] ijUrq d`kj. d`ƒu d`ks LiÆV ugÓ d`jrk

(C)

d`ƒu lgh gS] ijUrq d`kj. x¥r 71. ,d` d`{kk eÍ 20 fo»kƒhZ gß] ftud`h vkSlr ˜∑pkbZ 105 lseh gS\ ckn eÍ 120 lseh vkSlr ˜∑pkbZ ok¥s 10 (D) d`ƒu x¥r gS] ijUrq d`kj. lgh fo»kƒhZ ml d`{kk eÍ vkSj vk x,\ gS vc d`{kk ds` fo»kfƒZ;kÍ d`h vkSlr ekuo ds` 'osr jDr d`.kÍ ·MCY;w\ ch\ ˜∑pkbZ D;k gksxh= lh\‚ d`k O;kl gksrk gS] ¥xHx% (A) 100 lseh (B) 105 lseh (A) 0·007 feeh (B) 0·7 feeh (C) 110 lseh (D) 115 lseh (C) 0·07 feeh (D) 0·0007 feeh 72. ,d` O;fDr d`ks ¥{; ij fuækuk fuEuf¥f[r d`ƒukÍ d`ks ÷;ku ls ¥xkus ds` f¥, izR;sd` ckj ,d` :i;k ifÈ<,% fe¥rk gS vkSj fuækuk pwd`us ij mls 1. izd`kæ ÷ofu ls vf|d` rhoz xfr ,d` :i;k nsuk iÈMrk gS\ lkS ckj ls p¥rk gS\ fuækuk ¥xkus ij mls 30 :i, fe¥s] rks fd`ruh ckj mld`k fuækuk pwd`k= 2. leqnz ds` ikuh d`k ?uRo unh ds` (A) 25 (B) 35 ikuh ds` ?uRo ls vf|d` gS\ (C) 40 (D) 45 3. gok eÍ d`kcZu MkbZvkWDlkbM d`h izfrfdz`;k ls ¥ksgs eÍ tax ¥xrk 73. ;fn 1980 eÍ x.ra( fnol æfuokj gS\ d`ks ƒk] rks ml o"Z LorU(rk fnol fd`l fnu ƒk= m®j dw`VkÍ ds` vk|kj ij nhft,% (A) lkseokj (B) eax¥okj (A) 1, 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß (C) xq : okj (D) æqdz`okj (B) 1 ,oa 2 lgh gß (C) 1 ,oa 3 lgh gß 74. d`ƒu% (i) lHh ekbdz`ks-izkslslj d`EI;wVj gS\ (D) 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß (ii) lHh d`EI;wVj eksMse gS\ izR;korhZ |kjk (Alternating current) fuÆd`"Z% d`ks fnÆV |kjk eÍ ifjofrZr d`jus ok¥h (I) lHh ekbdz`ks-izkslslj eksMse gS\ ;qfDr d`ks d`grs gß% (II) lHh eksMse ekbdz`ks-izkslslj gS\ (A) bUoVZj (B) V_kUlœ`keZj m®j fuEu dw`VkÍ ds` vk|kj ij nhft,% (C) V_kUlehVj (D) jsDVhœ`k;j (A) fuÆd`"Z I lgh gS fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh tksÈMh (B) fuÆd`"Z II lgh gS lqesf¥r gS%·æCn vkSj vƒZ‚ (C) fuÆd`"Z I ,oa II lgh gß (A) ¥sfDld`ksxzkœ`h (Lexicogra(D) d`ksbZ fuÆd`"Z lgh ugÓ gS phy)%æCnd`ks" d`k lad`¥u (B) fœ`¥kW¥kWth (Philology)%Mkd` 75. fuEuf¥f[r d`ƒukÍ d`ks ÷;ku ls ifÈ<,% fVd`VkÍ d`k laxzg 1. Hkjr ds ` lkoZ t fud` {ks ( eÍ (C) ,UVksekW¥kWth (Entomology)% vk|kjHwr ,oa Hkjh m»ksx gS\ ekuo æjhj d`k v÷;;u (D) vkbd`ksuksxzkœ`h (Iconogra2. lkoZtfud` {ks( ds` lHh m»ksx phy)%d`hV iraxkÍ d`k v÷;;u ¥kHnk;d` (Profit-oriented) gß\ 3. lkoZtfud` {ks( ds` m»ksxkÍ eÍ lwph-I ·oSKkfud`‚ vkSj lwph-II ukSd`fj;kÍ d`h lqj{kk gS\ ·vkfoÆd`kj‚ d`ks dw`V ds` vk|kj ij fe¥kb,% m®j fuEu dw`VkÍ ds` vk|kj ij nhft,% lwph-I (a) jnjœ`ksMZ (b) vYœzs`M uksc¥ (A) 1, 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß (c) d`kVZjkbV (d) xzk© cs¥ (B) 1 ,oa 2 lgh gß lwph-II (C) 1 ,oa 3 lgh gß 1. ikoj¥we 2. Vs¥hœ`ksu (D) 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß 3. MkbukekbV 4. ,Ve ce 76. lkaf“;d`h eÍ ek÷; ewY; (Mean dw`V # value) d`ks D;k d`grs gß= (a) (b) (c) (d) (A) xzsM fcUnq vkSlr (A) 3 1 2 4 (B) xf.rh; foHktu (B) 4 3 1 2 (C) chtxf.rh; lw( (C) 1 2 4 3 (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (D) 2 4 3 1

77.

gS

66.

67.

68.

69.

70.

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1635

78.

79.

80.

81.

82.

d`ƒu%lHh lkaf“;d`h; ekikÍ eÍ ek÷; lEHor# lcls vf|d` mi;ksxh gS\ d`kj.%;g og vk|kj gS] ftlls vusd` brj egRoiw.Z ekikÍ d`h lax.uk d`h tkrh gS\ (A) d`ƒu vkSj d`kj. nksukÍ lgh gß rƒk d`kj. d`ƒu d`ks LiÆV d`jrk gS (B) d`ƒu vkSj d`kj. nksukÍ lgh gß] ijUrq d`kj. d`ƒu d`ks LiÆV ugÓ d`jrk (C) d`ƒu lgh gS] ijUrq d`kj. x¥r gS (D) d`ƒu x¥r gS] ijUrq d`kj. lgh gS ik∑p O;fDr;kÍ d`h ekfld` vk; dz`eæ# 1132, 1140, 1144, 1136 r ƒ k 1148 :i, gß\ bud`k lekUrj ek÷; (Arithmetic mean) D;k gS= (A) 1100 :i, (B) 1120 :i, (C) 1132 :i, (D) 1140 :i, ,d` O;fDr us 40 estÍ vkSlr ewY; izfr est 88 :i, eÍ [jhnh\ mlus vU; 20 estÍ vkSlr ewY; izfr est 106 :i, eÍ [jhnh\ lHh estkÍ d`k ek÷; ewY; Kkr d`hft,% (A) 90 :i, (B) 94 :i, (C) 98 :i, (D) 102 :i, fuEuf¥f[r d`ƒukÍ d`ks ÷;ku ls ifÈ<,% 1. ;fn ,d` lewg ds` inkÍ d`ks muds` ewY; ds` vuqlkj dz`ec* fd`;k tk,] rc ¥xHx chp d`k ewY; ekf÷;d`k (Median) gksxk\ 2. viw . Z rF;kÍ ds ` ckotw n Hh ekf÷;d`k ewY; lqxerk ls Kkr fd`;k tk ld`rk gS\ 3. ekf÷;d`k ls chtxf.rh; fo'¥s". lEHo gS\ m®j fuEu dw`VkÍ ds` vk|kj ij nhft,% (A) 1, 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß (B) 1 ,oa 2 lgh gß (C) 1 ,oa 3 lgh gß (D) 2 ,oa 3 lgh gß ftl izd`kj tuZf¥LV d`k lEcU| gksrk gS lekpkjkÍ ls] mlh izd`kj fœ`¥kVsf¥LV d`k lEcU| gksrk gS% (A) js¥xkÈMh (Trains) ls (B) nokb;kÍ (Medicines) ls (C) Mkd` fVd`VkÍ (Postal stamps) ls (D) iæqik¥u (Animal husbandry) ls fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh tksÈMh ·nsæ vkSj jkt|kuh‚ lqesf¥r ugÓ gS= (A) phu-chftax (B) tkiku-D;ksVks

(C) (D)

vkfLV_;k-fo,uk Lisu-esfM_M 83. ;fn fd`lh dw`V Hk"k eÍ COULD d`ks BNTKC vkS j MARGIN d`ks LZQFHM ds` Ôi eÍ f¥[k tkrk gS] rks ml dw`V Hk"k eÍ MOULDING fd`l izd`kj f¥[k tk,xk= 88. (A) (B) (C) (D)

LNTKCHMF CNMFINTK LNKTCHMF NITKHCMP

84.

m®j fuEu dw`VkÍ eÍ ls pqfu,%

92.

,d` vk;rkd`kj {ks( ds` pkjkÍ vksj ?weus ds` f¥, ,d` O;fDr 6 fd`eh d`h (A) nwjh r; d`jrk gS\ ;fn {ks( d`k (B) {ks(œ`¥ 2 oxZ fd`eh gS] rks mld`h (C) ¥EckbZ (Length) vkS j pkS È M kbZ (Breadth) d`k vUrj D;k gS= (D) (A) 0·5 fd`eh (B) 1 fd`eh fuEuf¥f[r vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ls cgq¥d` Kkr (C) 1·5 fd`eh (D) 2 fd`eh d`hft,% ˜∑pkbZ ·lseh‚ eÍ O;fDr;kÍ d`h la“;k 93. ;fn PAINT d`ks 74128 rƒk EXCEL d`ks 93596 ds` Ôi eÍ dw`V150 2 c* fd`;k tkrk gS] rks ACCEPT d`ks 160 4 dS ` ls dw`Vc* d`jÍxs= 170 8 — X = 112·28, M = 116·35 — X = 70·5, M = 72·18 — X = 75·8, M = 74·21 — X = 76·9, M = 78·25

,d` O;fDr m®j d`h vksj 20 fd`¥ks(A) 554978 (B) 547978 180 10 ehVj p¥k\ og ckbÛ vksj eqÈMd`j 15 (C) 455978 (D) 735981 190 6 fd`¥ksehVj p¥k\ fœ`j og nkbÛ vksj 200 5 eqÈMk vkSj 25 fd`¥ksehVj p¥k\ og 94. lwph-I d`ks lwph-II ls dw`V ds` vk|kj 210 3 fœ`j ls nkbÛ vksj eqÈMk vkSj 15 fd`¥ksij lqesf¥r d`hft,% ehVj p¥k\ og vius izkjfEHd` fcUnq lwph-I m®j fuEuf¥f[r dw`VkÍ eÍ ls pqfu,% ls fd`ruh nwjh ij ƒk= (A) 165 lseh (B) 170 lseh (a) |zqorkjk (b) i~Foh (A) 35 fd`eh (B) 45 fd`eh (C) 175 lseh (D) 180 lseh (c) xzhu¥ßM (d) foLœ`ksV (C) 55 fd`eh (D) 65 fd`eh 89. fuEuf¥f[r vko~f® forj. (Frelwph-II 85. ik∑p ¥ÈMd`kÍ us ,d` nkSÈM eÍ Hkx quency distribution) d`k cgq¥d` 1. xq:Rokd`"Z. f¥;k\ jke us eksgu ls ig¥s] fd`Urq Kkr d`hft,% 2. ÷ofu xksik¥ ds` ckn nkSÈM iwjh d`h\ fd`æu oxZ vko~ f ® 3. vkdZ`fVd` egklkxj us vkd`kæ ls ig¥s] fd`Urq eksgu ds` 0-10 15 4. m®j ckn nkSÈM iwjh d`h\ nkSÈM fd`lus thrh= 10-20 18 (A) jke (B) fd`æu dw`V # 20-30 32 (C) eksgu (D) xksik¥ (a) (b) (c) (d) 30-40 10 (A) 4 3 1 2 86. 2001 d`h tux.uk ds` vuqlkj fofHUu 40-50 5 (B) 4 1 2 3 vk;q lewgkÍ eÍ iq:"kÍ d`h la“;k bl 50-60 7 (C) 4 2 3 1 izd`kj ƒh% (D) 4 1 3 2 m®j fuEu dw ` VkÍ eÍ ls pq f u,% vk;q lewg iq:"kÍ d`h la“;k (A) 25·71 (B) 24·46 95. nks O;fDr;kÍ A vkSj B ds` ew¥ osru 5-14 447 (C) 23·89 (D) 22·36 fHUu gß] ijUrq mud`k dq`¥ osru 15-24 307 cjkcj gS\ muds` H®s muds` ew¥ 90. fuEuf¥f[r vk∑ d `È M kÍ ls ekf÷;d`k vkS j 25-34 279 osrukÍ ds` dz`eæ# 65% rƒk 80% gS\ cgq ¥ d` d`h x.uk d`hft,% 35-44 220 muds ` ew¥ osrukÍ (Basic pay) d`k 45-54 157 lewg lap;h vko~f® vuq i kr D;k gS= 55-64 91 65-74

10 20 30 40 50 60

39

dw`V ds` vk|kj ij bud`h ekf÷;d`k vk;q (Median age) Kkr d`hft,% (A) 22·2 o"Z (B) 24·5 o"Z (C) 25·7 o"Z (D) 30·4 o"Z 87. fuEuf¥f[r vk∑ d `È M kÍ d`k ek÷; (Mean) vkSj ekf÷;d`k (Median) d`h x.uk d`hft,% osru ·:\‚ eÍ

d`eZpkfj;kÍ d`h la“;k

50 70 90 110 130 150

30 46 65 85 95 100

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1636

5 26 70 90 98 100

(A) 13 : 16 (C) 12 : 11

96.

m®j fuEu dw`VkÍ eÍ ls pqfu,% (A) (B) (C) (D) 91.

M = 26, Z = 25·38 M = 25, Z = 23·76 M = 24, Z = 21·65 M = 23, Z = 20·44

uhps nh xbZ Δk~a[¥k eÍ d`kSulh la“;k lgh ugÓ gS= 1236, 2346, 3456, 4566, 5686 (A) 2346 (B) 3456 (C) 4566 (D) 5686

fd`lh d`k;Z d`ks 120 etnwj 15 fnukÍ eÍ iw.Z d`jrs gß] rks ogh d`k;Z 10 fnukÍ eÍ iw.Z d`jus ds` f¥, fd`rus etnwj ¥xÍxs= (A) 150 (C) 200

97.

(B) 8 : 9 (D) 80 : 65

(B) 180 (D) 210

jkeflag us viuh lEif® eÍ ls vk|k viuh iRuh d`ks] ckd`h cph lEif® d`k vk|k vius iq( d`ks vkSj ckd`h lEif® d`k ,d` frgkbZ viuh iq(h d`ks fn;k\ ;fn mld`h iq(h d`ks 1,25,000 :i, fe¥s] rks mlds` ikl dq`¥ fd`ruh lEif® ƒh= (A) 15 ¥k[ :i,

(B) 18 ¥k[ (C) 20 ¥k[ (D) 22 ¥k[

:i, :i, :i, 98. ,d` O;kikjh d`ks viuh oLrq 480 :i, eÍ cspus ij 20 izfrær gkfu gksrh gS\ ;fn og 20 izfrær ¥kH izkIr d`juk pkgs] rks mls og oLrq fd`rus eÍ cspuh pkfg,= (A) 600 :i, (B) 650 :i, (C) 720 :i, (D) 750 :i, 99. nks xkfÈM;k∑] ftueÍ ls izR;sd` d`h ¥EckbZ 120 ehVj gS] lekukUrj iVfj;kÍ ij foijhr fnækvkÍ ls dz`eæ# 40 ehVj vkSj 20 ehVj izfr feuV d`h xfr ls nkSÈM jgh gS\ mUgÍ ,d`nwljs d`ks ikj d`jus eÍ fd`ruk le; ¥xsxk= (A) 1 feuV (B) 2 feuV (C) 3 feuV (D) 4 feuV 100. jke jesæ d`k firk gS\ osnorh jke d`h lkl gS\ osnorh d`h ekrk olqa|jk gS] ftld`k ifr gjhæ gS\ jesæ d`k gjhæ ls D;k lEcU| gS= (A) jesæ gjhæ d`k ukrh gS (B) gjhæ jesæ d`k ijukuk gS (C) jesæ gjhæ d`k Hrhtk gS (D) jesæ d`k gjhæ ls d`ksbZ lEcU| ugÓ

m®j O;k“;k lfgr 1. 6. 11. 16. 19. 20.

21. 26. 31. 36. 41. 46. 51. 56. 61.

(A) (A) (A) (C) (C) (A)

2. (D) 7. (B) 12. (B) 17. (C)

3. (C) 4. (B) 5. (A) 8. (D) 9. (B) 10. (A) 13. (C) 14. (D) 15. (A) 18. (*) iz'u x¥r gS\

N®hlxÈ< d`h HwxHhZ; lajpuk eÍ vkfdZ`;u] d`MIik ,oa nDd`u ds` æS¥ lewgkÍ d`k foLrkj lokZf|d` ik;k tkrk gS\ (A) 22. (C) 23. (D) 24. (C) 25. (C) (B) 27. (D) 28. (C) 29. (C) 30. (A) (B) 32. (C) 33. (A) 34. (A) 35. (D) (B) 37. (B) 38. (A) 39. (A) 40. (B) (C) 42. (A) 43. (D) 44. (A) 45. (B) (C) 47. (D) 48. (B) 49. (C) 50. (C) (D) 52. (B) 53. (C) 54. (A) 55. (C) (B) 57. (D) 58. (D) 59. (C) 60. (A) (C) ¥kœ`kxÈ< N®hlxÈ< ds` eSd`k¥ Js.h

d`h mPp pksVh gS\ ;g eSd`k¥ Js.h ds` 3060 œ`hV ˜∑pkbZ ij fLƒr gS\ 62 (C) 63. (D) 64. (B) 65. (C) 66. (A) 67. (B) 68. (D) 69. (A) 70. (B) 71. (C) vHhÆV vkSlr ˜∑pkbZ 20 × 105 + 10 × 120 = (20 + 10)

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1637

(A) (C)

,l\,l\lh\ d`j lgk;d` ijh{kk] 14-12-2008 d`k g¥ ^'u-i(

lkekU; tkud`kjh 01.

02.

03.

04.

05.

06.

07.

^Î`fr eÍ lcls læâ` c¥ gS% (A) oS»qr c¥ (B) xq:Roh; c¥ (C) ukfHd`h; c¥ (D) pqEcd`h; c¥ vkisf”d`rk fl*kUr ds` vuqlkj fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk lnk ,d`leku jgrk gS = (A) fd`lh oLrq d`h ¥EckbZ (B) le; (C) vkd`kæ (D) ^d`kæ d`k osx fd`lh mixzg eÍ fd`lh vUrfj” ;k(h }kjk fxjk;k x;k pEep% (A) œ`æZ ij fxj tk,xk (B) vp¥ jgsxk (C) mixzg d`h xfr d`k vuqlj. d`jrk jgsxk (D) LiæZ-js[h; fnæk eÍ p¥k tk,xk o.kZU| O;fDr% (A) nwj d`h phtÍ ugÓ ns[ ikrk (B) d`k¥k jax ugÓ ns[ ikrk (C) dq`N jaxkÍ ds` chp Hsn ugÓ d`j ikrk (D) d`ks n~fÆV-fucZU| ugÓ gksrk gS bZ\lh\th\ fd`ld`h xfrfof| d`ks nækZrk gS = (A) efLrÆd` (B) ≤n; (C) œq`Œœq`l (D) o~Dd` æhr¥ nsækÍ eÍ lnhZ ds` ekSle eÍ ikbi ¥kbuÍ ^k;# œ`V tkrh gß] D;kÍfd`% (A) ikuh te tkrk gS vkSj mld`k vk;ru cÈ< tkrk gS (B) cœZ` d`k rkieku ikuh ds` rkieku ls d`e gksrk gS (C) ikbi ¥kbukÍ d`k vk;ru d`e gks tkrk gS (D) teus ds` d`kj. ikbi ¥kbukÍ d`k ^lkj gksrk gS tc fd`lh oLrq d`ks i~Foh ls pk∑n ij ¥s tk;k tk,] rks% (A) nzO;eku cn¥ tkrk gS] ijUrq Hkj mruk gh jgrk gS (B) Hkj cn¥ tkrk gS] ijUrq nzO;eku mruk gh jgrk gS

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1639

08.

09.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

(C) Hkj vkSj nzO;eku nksukÍ cn¥ tkrs gß (D) Hkj vkSj nzO;eku nksukÍ ,d`leku jgrs gß ejhfpd`k d`k d`kj. gS% (A) rIr Hwfe }kjk ijkorZu (B) ok;q d`h ijrkÍ }kjk iw.Z vkUrfjd` ijkorZu (C) ^d`kæ d`k O;frd`j. (D) ^d`kæ d`k foorZu ijek.q æfDr la;U( fd`l fl*kUr ij d`ke d`jrk gS = (A) fo[≥Mu (B) la¥;u (C) rkih; ngu (D) mi;qZDr rhukÍ d`k la;qDr ^Hko HkHk ijek.q vuqlU|ku ds`Unz fLƒr gS% (A) fnY¥h eÍ (B) eqEcbZ eÍ (C) psUubZ eÍ (D) gSnjkckn eÍ ¯td` lYœs`V d`k vkerkSj ij ^;ksx fd`;k tkrk gS% (A) d`od`ukæh ds` Ôi eÍ (B) ækd`ukæh ds` Ôi eÍ (C) Î`Urd`ukæh ds` Ôi eÍ (D) xU|gkjd` ds` Ôi eÍ t¥ d`k æq*re Ôi gS% (A) u¥ d`k t¥ (B) o"kZ t¥ (C) HkSe t¥ (D) vklqr t¥ ck;ksxSl d`k eq“; ?Vd` gS% (A) vkWDlhtu (B) ehƒsu (C) ,slhfVd` ,flM (D) esfƒ¥ ,sYd`ksgkW¥ ,fLijhu d`k jklk;fud` uke gS% (A) esfƒ¥ lSf¥fl¥sV (B) gkbM_kWDlhlSf¥fl¥sV (C) ,slhfV¥lSf¥flf¥d` ,flM (D) ,sfYd`¥lSf¥flf¥d` ,flM ekuo æjhj eÍ ^pqj ek(k eÍ d`kSulk rRo gS =

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

d`kcZu (B) vk;ju ukbV_kstu (D) vkWDlhtu fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh xzhugkml xSl ugÓ gS = (A) gkbM_kstu (B) d`kcZu MkbvkWDlkbM (C) ukbfV_d` vkWDlkbM (D) D¥ksjksŒ¥ksjksd`kcZu eksec®h cukus ds` f¥, ^;qDr ekse jklk;fud` n~fÆV ls ,d` feJ. gS% (A) ,sf¥œS`fVd` gkbM_ksd`kcZukÍ d`k (B) ,sjkseSfVd` gkbM_ksd`kcZukÍ d`k (C) p∂`h; ·lkbfD¥d`‚ gkbM_ksd`kcZukÍ d`k (D) ,sf¥œS`fVd` vkSj ,sjkseSfVd` gkbM_ksd`kcZukÍ d`k f¥VΩel ^kIr fd`;k tkrk gS% (A) ,d` thok.q ls (B) ,d` d`od` ls (C) ,d` æSok¥ ls (D) ¥kbds`u ls b”q-ædZ`jk ds` fd`≥ou ls fufeZr fljds` eÍ gksrk gS% (A) ikfefVd` ,flM (B) ¥SfDVd` ,flM (C) flfV_d` ,flM (D) ,slhfVd` ,flM ^d`kæ-vkWDlhd`j. ^f∂`;k æqÔ d`h tkrh gS% (A) ^d`kæ }kjk (B) ˜Æek }kjk (C) vkWDlhtu }kjk (D) mR^sjd` }kjk ok;qe≥M¥ d`h fup¥h ijr d`ks d`grs gß% (A) cfgZe≥M¥ (B) ”ksHe≥M¥ (C) vk;ue≥M¥ (D) e÷;e≥M¥ bfUVxz¥ d`ksp œS`DVjh fLƒr gS% (A) fp®jatu ·if'pe caxk¥‚ eÍ (B) okjk.lh ·m®j ^nsæ‚ eÍ (C) teæsniqj ·>kj[≥M‚ eÍ (D) isjacwj ·rfe¥ukMq‚ eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk jkT; ‘lsou flLVlZ’ d`k lnL; gS = (A) if'pe caxk¥ (B) f(iqjk (C) mÈMhlk (D) fcgkj

24.

lhes≥V m»ksx eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls 32. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` fd`lh fd`ld`k ^;ksx cÈMh ek(k eÍ fd`;k fod`flr ns æ d`h tula “ ;k d`k tkrk gS = vfH¥”. ugÓ gS = (A) ftIle (B) pwuk'e (A) fuEu tUe-nj vkSj fuEu e~R;q nj (C) d`ks;¥k (D) e~f®d`k (B) mPp tUe-nj vkSj mPp e~R;q25. lwph-I d`ks lwph-II ds` lkƒ lqesf¥r nj d`hft, vkSj lwfp;kÍ ds` uhps fn, x, (C) uxjh; tula “ ;k d`k mPp dw`V d`k ^;ksx d`j lgh m®j pqfu,% vuq ikr lwph-I ·nsæ‚ (D) tula“;k d`h fuEu o~f* nj (a) vkLV_sf¥;k (b) phu (c) ≠`kal (d) osLVb≥Mht 33. xjhch gVkus ds` f¥, ig¥h ckj fd`l lwph-II ·LFkkuh; iou‚ ;kstuk eÍ tksj fn;k x;k ƒk = 1. ^Hatu ·gfjds`u‚ (A) pkSƒh (B) ik∑poÓ 2. fof¥-fof¥ (C) NBh (D) lkroÓ 3. Vkbœw`u 34. ,fDte ikWf¥lh] 2002-07 us 2007 4. feLV_¥ rd` oSf'od` O;kikj eÍ fgLlk ^kIr dw`V # d`jus d`k ¥{; j[k% (a) (b) (c) (d) (A) 0·5% d`k (B) 1·0% d`k (A) 2 3 4 1 (C) 1·5% d`k (D) 2·0% d`k (B) 1 2 3 4 35. miknku ¥kxr ij ld`¥ ?js ¥ w (C) 1 3 2 4 mRikn (GDP) gksrk gS% (D) 4 1 2 3 (A) GDP eÍ ls v^R;”-d`j ?Vkd`j 26. d`ks;¥s d`k lcls cÈMk H≥Mkj fd`l vkSj benkn (Subsidies) tksÈMd`j jkT; eÍ gS = (B) GNP eÍ ls ewY;Ökl HÂks ?Vkd`j (A) fcgkj (B) >kj[≥M (C) NNP eÍ ewY;Ökl H®s tksÈMd`j (C) e÷; ^nsæ (D) mÈMhlk (D) GDP eÍ ls benkn ?Vkd`j vkSj 27. i~Foh ls Vd`jkus ok¥k ijkcßxuh fofd`v^R;”-d`j tksÈMd`j j. fd`lds` vo”; ds` d`kj. gksrk gS= 36. fd`lds` vuqlkj] ∏C;kt ,d` ^frœ`¥ (A) d`kcZu eksuksDlkbM gS rj¥rk NksÈMus d`kπ = (B) d`kcZu MkbvkWDlkbM (A) d`hUl (B) ekæZ¥ (C) vkstksu (C) gscj¥j (D) vksgf¥u (D) vkWDlhtu 28. vkU|z ^nsæ vkSj rfe¥ukMq ds` rVh; 37. fd`lh oLrq d`h ek∑xh xbZ ek(k d`k foLrkj ;k ladq`pu fuEuf¥f[r eÍ Hw-Hkx d`ks d`grs gß% ls fd`leÍ ifjorZu d`k ifj.ke gksrk (A) d`kÍd`. (B) d`ksjkse≥M¥ gS = (C) iwoZ rV (D) ek¥kckj rV (A) ml oLrq d`h bd`kbZ d`her 29. lcls ˜∑pk Hkjrh; t¥^ikr gS% (B) miHksDrk d`h vk; (A) xksd`d` (B) xjlksIik (C) miHksDrk d`h :fp (C) fæoleqnze (D) ;sUuk (D) ^nsæ d`h t¥ok;q 30. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` e~nk vijnu d`k d`kj. ugÓ gS = 38. isV_ks¥ vkSj d`kj ds` chp ek∑x d`h (A) viokgu (B) ouksUew¥u ^fr¥ksp gS% (C) vi”; (D) vf|d` d`VkbZ (A) vifjfer (B) |ukRed` 31. mRiknu œ`¥u vfHO;Dr d`jrk gS% (C) æwU; (D) )`.kRed` (A) HkSfrd` fuosæ vkSj mRiknu ds` 39. X;kjgoÓ iapo"hZ; ;kstuk d`h vof| gS% chp izkS»ksfxd` lEcU| (A) 2005 ls 2010 (B) HkSfrd` fuosæ vkSj mRiknu ds` (B) 2006 ls 2011 chp fo®h; lEcU| (C) 2007 ls 2012 (C) fo® vkSj ^kS»ksfxd`h ds` chp (D) 2008 ls 2013 lEcU| (D) mRiknu ds` d`kjd`kÍ ds` chp 40. d`her-foHsn (Price-discrimination) ds` lœ`¥ gksus ds` f¥, nksukÍ cktkjkÍ lEcU| izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1640

41.

42.

43.

44.

45.

46.

eÍ mRikn ds` f¥, ek∑x d`h ¥ksp gksuh pkfg,% (A) ,d`leku (B) fHUu (C) fLƒj (D) æwU; Hkjr eÍ FERA d`k Lƒku ¥s f¥;k gS% (A) FEPA us (B) FEMA us (C) FENA us (D) FETA us fo® vk;ksx d`k xBu% (A) gj o"Z gksrk gS (B) pkj o"Z eÍ ,d` ckj gksrk gS (C) nks o"Z eÍ ,d` ckj gksrk gS (D) ik∑p o"Z eÍ ,d` ckj gksrk gS Hkjr eÍ jkÆV_h; vk; ds` ^kDd`¥u rS;kj fd`, tkrs gß% (A) ds`Unzh; lkaf“;d`h; laxBu }kjk (B) jkÆV_h; fod`kl ifj"nΩ }kjk (C) fo® ea(k¥; }kjk (D) ;kstuk vk;ksx }kjk ‘fefJr vƒZO;oLƒk’ d`k vkæ; gS% (A) xzkeh. rƒk ægjh nksukÍ ”s(kÍ d`k vfLrRo (B) futh vkSj lkoZtfud` nksukÍ ”s(kÍ d`k vfLrRo (C) Hkjh vkSj NksVs nksukÍ m»ksxkÍ d`k vfLrRo (D) fod`flr vkSj vYi-fod`flr nksukÍ ”s(kÍ d`k vfLrRo ek∑x d`k fu;e vfHO;Dr d`jrk gS% (A) fd`lh oLrq d`h d`her eÍ ifjorZu d`k mld`h ek∑x ij ^Hko (B) fd`lh oLrq d`h ek∑x eÍ ifjorZu d`k mld`h d`her ij ^Hko (C) fd`lh oLrq d`h ek∑x eÍ ifjorZu d`k mlds` LƒkukiUu d`h vkiwfrZ ij ^Hko (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls d`ksbZ Hh ugÓ vaxzstkÍ us Hkjr eÍ vaxzsth d`ks fæ”k d`k ek÷;e d`c cuk;k ƒk = (A) 1813 (C) 1835

47.

(B) 1833 (D) 1844

d`¥d`®k] enzkl rƒk cEcbZ eÍ mPp U;k;k¥; fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l ok;ljk; ds` d`k;Zd`k¥ eÍ vfLrRo eÍ vk, ƒs = (A) okjsu gs¯LVXl (B) ¥kWMZ d`kWuZokf¥l (C) ¥kWMZ ,fYxu (D) ¥kWMZ M¥gkSth 48. ‘ukuk lkgsc’ ds` uke ls d`kSu ^fl* ƒk = (A) ckth jko ^ƒe (B) ck¥kth ckth jko

(C) (D)

49.

50.

51.

52.

53.

54.

55.

ck¥kth fo'oukƒ ek|o jko Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl ds` fd`l vf|osæu eÍ d`kaxzsl vkSj eqfL¥e ¥hx d`k ,sfrgkfld` fe¥u gqvk ƒk = (A) lwjr (B) cEcbZ (C) d`¥d`®k (D) ¥[u˜ bCucrwrk fd`lds` æklud`k¥ eÍ Hkjr vk;k ƒk = (A) bYrqrfeæ (B) v¥kmˆhu f[¥th (C) eqgEen fcu rqx¥d` (D) c¥cu 1877 ds` bEihfj;¥ njckj eÍ gkƒ ls d`krh gqbZ [knh ds` d`iÈMs igud`j d`kSu x;k ƒk = (A) ,e\ ds`\ xka|h (B) ck¥ xaxk|j fr¥d` (C) fcfiu pUnz ik¥ (D) th\ oh\ tksæh jkÆV_h; la?"Z ds` nkSjku ^fl* lekpkj-i( ‘ds`ljh’ d`k laLƒkid`-lEiknd` d`kSu ƒk = (A) egkRek xka|h (B) tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ (C) ¥ksd`ekU; fr¥d` (D) eqgEen bd`ck¥ fuEuf¥f[r ckgeuh ækld`kÍ eÍ ls chtkiqj eÍ ^fl* xks¥ xqEct d`k fuekZ. fd`lus fd`;k ƒk = (A) eqgEen vkfn¥ ækg (B) egewn xou (C) ;wlqœ` vkfn¥ ækg (D) bLekb¥ vkfn¥ ækg æd` laorΩ fd`lus vkSj d`c æqÔ fd`;k ƒk = (A) d`knfœ`fll us 58 bZ\ iw\ eÍ (B) Ônzneu ^ƒe us 78 bZLoh eÍ (C) fo∂`ekfnR; us 58 bZ\ iw\ eÍ (D) d`fuÆd` us 78 bZLoh eÍ lwph-I d`ks lwph-II ds` lkƒ lqesf¥r d`hft, vkSj lwfp;kÍ ds` uhps fn, x, dw`V d`k ^;ksx d`j lgh m®j pqfu,% lwph-I (a) ljksftuh uk;Mw (b) ,e\ ,\ ftUuk (c) rst cgknqj l^w (d) oh\ Mh\ lkojd`j lwph-II 1. eqfL¥e ¥hx 2. Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1641

3. 4.

63.

fgUnw egklHk f¥cj¥ ikVhZ dw`V # (A) (B) (C) (D) 56.

57.

58.

59.

60.

61.

62.

(a) 2 2 2 4

(b) 1 1 4 1

(c) 4 3 1 3

(d) 3 4 3 2

eaf(ifj"nΩ eÍ ækfe¥ ugÓ gß% (A) dS`fcusV ea(h (B) jkT; ea(h (C) dS`fcusV lfpo (D) fcuk foHkx ds` ea(h lfCt;k∑ tYnh [jkc gks tkrh gß] D;kÍfd` mueÍ vf|d` ek(k gksrh gS% (A) ædZ`jkvkÍ d`h (B) t¥ d`h (C) foVkfeukÍ d`h (D) ,UtkbekÍ d`h vjâ`rk fd`ld`h d`eh ds` d`kj. gksrh gS = (A) jkbcksŒ¥sfou (B) ƒk;kehu (C) œ`kWf¥d` ,flM (D) fu;kflu LoLƒ ≤n; ds` f¥, O;fDr d`ks ¥suk gksrk gS lUrqf¥r vkgkj] i;kZIr funzk vkSj% (A) mRlkgh ekufld` f∂`;kd`¥kikÍ eÍ ¥hu gksuk gksrk gS (B) dS`je] ærjat vkSj rkæ tSls [s¥ [s¥us gksrs gß (C) lgh ek(k eÍ ækjhfjd` O;k;ke d`juk gksrk gS (D) cSBs jgus ok¥k d`ke d`juk gksrk gS ,MΩl gS ,d`% (A) thok.qt jksx (B) fo"k.q jksx (C) d`od`h jksx (D) æSok¥ jksx vehch isfpæ iSnk gksrh gS% (A) ,UVvehck fgLVksf¥fVd`k }kjk (B) lkYeksus¥k Vkbœ`h }kjk (C) bZ\ d`ks¥kbZ }kjk (D) LV_sIVksd`ksd`l ik;ksthUt }kjk T;knk ˜∑pkbZ ij lk∑l ¥sus eÍ d`fBukbZ D;kÍ gksrh gS = (A) ok;q ds` d`e ncko ds` d`kj. (B) U;wu rkieku ds` d`kj. (C) vkstksu ds` d`kj. (D) mPp vknzZrk ds` d`kj.

64.

65.

66.

67.

fola∂`e. ds` ckn t¥ eÍ mi¥C| D¥ksjhu d`h ek(k d`ks d`grs gß% (A) eqDr D¥ksjhu (B) vofæÆV D¥ksjhu (C) eqDr mi¥C| D¥ksjhu (D) la;qDr mi¥C| D¥ksjhu flxjsV ds` |q,∑ d`k eq“; ^nw"d` D;k gS = (A) d`kcZu eksuksDlkbM vkSj MkbvkWfDlu (B) d`kcZu eksuksDlkbM vkSj fud`ksVhu (C) d`kcZu eksuksDlkbM vkSj csUthu (D) MkbvkWfDlu vkSj csUthu fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk nsæ la;qDr jkÆV_ la? d`h lqj”k ifj"nΩ d`k Lƒk;h lnL; ugÓ gS = (A) phu (B) ≠`kal (C) tkiku (D) ;w\ ds`\ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l nsæ eÍ la?h; ljd`kj gS = (A) phu (B) ;w\,l\,\ (C) D;wck (D) csfYt;e Hkjrh; lafo|ku eÍ fd`rus vuqPNsn gß = (A) 395 (C) 398

68.

(B) 396 (D) 399

la? lwph] jkT; lwph vkSj leorhZ lwph eÍ lHh fo|k;h eqˆs ækfe¥ gß] fœ`j Hh d`ksbZ ,slh en gks ld`rh gS] ftld`k mY¥s[ fd`lh eÍ Hh u gks\ ml en ij d`kuwu d`kSu cuk,xk = (A) ds`o¥ laln (B) ds`o¥ jkT; fo|kue≥M¥ (C) (A) vkSj (B) nksukÍ (D) u (A) vkSj u gh (B) 69. Hkjrh; laln d`h lcls egRoiw.Z foæs"rk gS fd`% (A) ;g Hkjr eÍ la? fo|kue≥M¥ gS (B) bleÍ jkÆV_ifr Hh ækfe¥ gS (C) ;g f}lnuh LoÔi d`h gS (D) laln d`k ˜ijh lnu d`Hh Hax ugÓ gksrk 70. 3-Lrjh; iapk;rh jktrU( eÍ ækfe¥ gß% (A) xzke lHk] vap¥ iapk;r] iapk;r lfefr (B) tuin iapk;r] rk¥qd`k iapk;r] vap¥ iapk;r (C) xzke iapk;r] C¥kWd` rƒk iapk;r lfefr] ft¥k ifj"nΩ (D) xzke lHk] iapk;r lfefr] ft¥k ifj"nΩ

71.

fo®h; vkikr fLƒfr ?ksf"r d`h tk ld`rh gS% (A) vuqPNsn 360 ¥kxw d`jds` (B) vuqPNsn 361 ¥kxw d`jds` (C) vuqPNsn 370 ¥kxw d`jds` (D) vuqPNsn 371 ¥kxw d`jds` 72. Hkjr d`k jkÆV_ifr vius in ij iqufuZokZpu ds` f¥, fd`ruh ckj [ÈMk gks ld`rk gS = (A) ,d` ckj (B) nks ckj (C) rhu ckj (D) ftruh ckj pkgs 73. lwph-I d`ks lwph-II ds` lkƒ lqesf¥r d`hft, vkSj lwfp;kÍ ds` uhps fn, x, dw`V d`k ^;ksx d`j lgh m®j pqfu,% lwph-I (a) laln lnL; (b) jkÆV_ifr (c) mi-jkÆV_ifr (d) v÷;” ·Lihd`j‚ lwph-II 1. fuokZpu e≥M¥ }kjk fuokZfpr 2. laln }kjk fuokZfpr 3. ¥ksd` lHk }kjk fuokZfpr 4. o;Ld` ernku }kjk fuokZfpr dw`V # (A) (B) (C) (D)

(a) 1 2 3 4

(b) 2 3 4 1

(c) 3 4 1 2

(d) 4 1 2 3

74.

(B)

78.

79.

80.

81.

82.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh fu;qfDr Hkjr ds` jkÆV_ifr }kjk ugÓ d`h tkrh = 83. (A) ¥ksd` lHk v÷;” (B) Hkjr d`k eq“; U;k;k|hæ (C) ok;q lsuk v÷;” (D) ƒ¥ lsuk v÷;” 75. ;wjksih; la? d`h lk∑>h eqnzk d`ks D;k uke fn;k x;k gS = 84. (A) :i;k (B) ;wjks (C) Ôc¥ (D) ≠ß`d` 76. ckÌ vUrfj” eÍ p¥us ok¥k ig¥k vUrfj” ;k(h gS% (A) ,¥sDlh f¥;ksukso 85. (B) ;wjh xSxsfju (C) uh¥ vkeZLV_kax (D) Mso Ld`kWV 77. NATO d`k iwjk Ôi D;k gS = (A) ukWƒZ v≠`hd`u V_hVh vkWxZukbtsæu izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1642

ukWƒZ vaV¥kf≥Vd` V_hVh vkWxZukb- 86. ch¯tx vks¥fEiDl eÍ lcls vf|d` ind` thrk ƒk% (C) ukWƒZ ,fæ;u V_hVh vkWxZukbtsæu (A) phu us (B) ;w\,l\,\ us (D) ukWƒZ vejhd`u V_hVh vkWxZukbtsæu (C) teZuh us (D) fczVsu us gk¥ d`h cgqr fcd`us ok¥h iqLrd` ‘n 87. ubZ fnY¥h eÍ ‘e≥Mh gkml’ eÍ d`k;kZ¥; gS% jksM vgsM’ d`k ¥s[d` d`kSu gS = (A) v÷;”] Mh\Vh\lh\ d`k (A) fc¥ fD¥UVu (B) ,u\Mh\,œ`\lh\ d`k (B) vkbZ\ ds`\ xqtjk¥ (C) lh\ih\MCY;w\lh\ d`k (C) fc¥ xsVΩl (D) nwjnæZu ds` egkfunsæd` d`k (D) Vh\ ,u\ æs"u d` eke¥kÍ d`h eaf(e≥M¥ lfefr miU;kl ‘uh¥niZ.’ d`k vaxzsth eÍ 88. vkfƒZ us gk¥ gh eÍ jkÆV_ifr] mijkÆV_ifr vuqokn fd`lus fd`;k ƒk = vkSj jkT;ik¥kÍ ds` osru eÍ o~f* d`h gS\ (A) jchUnzukƒ VSxksj jkÆV_ifr d`k osru cÈ
94. 2010

95.

96.

97.

98.

99.

100.

ds` jkÆV_e≥M¥ [s¥ d`gk∑ vk;ksftr fd`, tk,axs = (A) cÍx¥wÔ (B) fnY¥h (C) flMuh (D) teSd`k Jh okbZ\ oh\ jsçh d`h lsokfuo~f® ds` ckn Hkjrh; fjtoZ cßd` d`k xouZj fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`ks fu;qâ` fd`;k x;k gS = (A) ^ks\ ds`\ lh\ jsçh (B) ^ks\ ch\ ch\ H±kpk;Z (C) Jh nhid` ikfj[ (D) Jh Mh\ lqCckjko vkbZ\lh\lh\vks\Mh\vkbZ\ I¥s;j vkWœ` n bZ;j (2008) vokMZ thrus ok¥k ig¥k Hkjrh; gS% (A) lkSjH xkaxq¥h (B) ohjsUnz lgokx (C) ;qojkt ¯lg (D) egsUnz ¯lg |ksuh ijek.q ˜tkZ ,d` [fut-vk|kfjr ˜tkZ lzksr gS\ ;g fud`k¥h tkrh gS% (A) ;wjsfu;e ls (B) ƒksfj;e ls (C) I¥wVksfu;e ls (D) mi;qZDr lHh ls ;w\,l\ d`h i;kZoj. lqj”k ,tsUlh }kjk ‘t¥ok;q lqj”k iqjLd`kj’ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`ks fn;k x;k gS = (A) es|k ikVd`j (B) jktsUnz ¯lg (C) vkj\ ds`\ ipkSjh (D) v:a|rh jk; xhr lsBh d`k uke vki fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l [s¥ ds` lkƒ tksÈMrs gß = (A) xksYœ` (B) fcf¥;MZΩl (C) ¥kWu Vsful (D) f∂`ds`V Mh\,u\,\ ijh”. fod`flr fd`;k x;k ƒk% (A) MkW\ ,s¥sd` ts≠`hl }kjk (B) MkW\ oh\ ds`\ d`';i }kjk (C) okVlu vkSj f∂`d` }kjk (D) xzsxksj es≥Ms¥ }kjk

m®j O;k“;k lfgr 1. 6. 11. 16. 21. 26. 31. 36. 41.

(C) (A) (A) (A) (B) (B) (A) (A) (B)

2. (D) 7. (B) 12. (B) 17. (D) 22. (D) 27. (C) 32. (B) 37. (A) 42. (D)

3. (C) 8. (B) 13. (B) 18. (D) 23. (B) 28. (B) 33. (C) 38. (D) 43. (A)

4. (C) 9. (A) 14. (C) 19. (D) 24. (B) 29. (B) 34. (B) 39. (C) 44. (B)

5. (B) 10. (B) 15. (D) 20. (A) 25. (A) 30. (C) 35. (A) 40. (B) 45. (A)

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1643

46. (C) 47. (C) 48. (B) 49. (D) 1907

ds` d`kaxzsl ds` vf|osæu eÍ mnkjoknh n¥ vkSj mxzoknh n¥ eÍ ^d`V Ôi ls >xÈMk gks x;k ƒk\ ¥[u˜ vf|osæu eÍ fr¥d` vkSj Jherh cslsUV ds` ^;klkÍ ls nksukÍ eÍ le>kSrk gks x;k\ blds` vfrfjDr 1916 eÍ d`kaxzsl vkSj eqfL¥e ¥hx eÍ le>kSrk gks x;k] rkfd` laoS|kfud` lq|kjkÍ d`h ,d` gh ;kstuk viukbZ tk lds` vkSj blds` œ`¥LoÔi ‘19 Lej. i(’ eÍ led`k¥hu jktuSfrd` fopkjkÍ d`ks lkd`kj Ôi fn;k x;k\

50. (C) 51. ( D )

luΩ 1877 eÍ vk;ksftr fnY¥h njckj] ftleÍ bax¥S≥M d`h egkjkuh d`ks Hkjr d`h jkuh ?ksf"r d`jus lEcfU|r esM¥ leLr lEekfur vfrfƒ;kÍ d`ks HÍV fd`;k x;k] ,d` x.sæ oklqnso tksæh uke ds` O;fDr us] ftlus ?j eÍ d`krh gqbZ lœs`n [knh igu j[h ƒh] [ÈMs gksd`j vR;Ur fouez Hk"k eÍ viuk oDrO; iÈ
52. 57. 62. 67. 69.

70. (D) 71. (A) 72. (D) 73. (D) 74. (A) 75. (B) 76. (A) 77. (B) 78. (C) 79. (B) 80. (C) 81. (A) 82. (*)

tu-x. eu Hkjr d`k jkÆV_-xku laLÎ`r ;qDr caxk¥h eÍ f¥[k x;k gS\ ;s ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj fotsrk jchUnzukFk VSxksj }kjk f¥[h ,oa xk;h xbZ Lrqfr ds` izFke ik∑p iSjk gß\ ;g 27 fnlEcj] 1911 d`ks gq , Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl ds ` d`¥d`Âkk vf|osæu eÍ ig¥h ckj xk;k x;k Fkk\ bl xhr d`ks luΩ 1935 eÍ nwu Ldw`¥ us viuk fo»k¥;-xhr Lohd`kj fd`;k\ lafo|ku lHk us 24 tuojh] 1950 d`ks bls vkf|d`kfjd` Ôi ls Hkjr d`k jkÆV_-xku ?ksf"r fd`;k\

83. (B) 84. (C) 85. (C) 86. (B) chftax vks¥fEid` (2008) [s¥kÍ eÍ 51 Lo.Z] 21 jtr o 28 d`kaL; ind`kÍ lfgr dq`¥ 100 ind` thrd`j phu us

53. (A) 54. (D) 55. (A) 56. (C) 58. (C) 59. (C) 60. (B) 61. (A) 63. (B) 64. (C) 65. (C) 66. (B) 68. (A)

ind` rkf¥d`k eÍ loksZPp LFkku izkIr fd`;k\ 36 Lo.Z] 38 jtr o 36 d`kaL; ind`kÍ lfgr dq`¥ 110 ind` thrd`j vejhd`k us nwljk LFkku izkIr fd`;k\ bu vks¥fEid` [s¥kÍ eÍ vejhd`k d`ks phu ls d`gÓ vf|d` ind` fe¥s Fks] fd`Urq Lo.Z ind`kÍ d`h la“;k d`e gksus ds` d`kj. ind` rkf¥d`k eÍ mld`k LFkku nwljk jgk\

;»fi pkjkÍ gh mÂkj lgh gß] fd`Urq Hkjrh; laln d`h lcls cÈMh foæs"rk ;g gS fd` bld`k mPp lnu vFkkZrΩ jkT; lHk] ¥ksd` lHk d`h Hk∑fr Hax ugÓ gksrk\

87. (D) 88. (B) 89. (B) 90. (C) 91. (B) 92. (A) 93. (A) 94. (B) 95. (D) 96. (D) 97. (D) 98. (C) 99. (B)100. (A) ●●●

(C) (B) (A) (A) (D)

ijh{kk frfFk 15 ekpZ] 2009

d`{kk 6 ds` f¥, ¥s[d`}; # MkW\ ¥k¥ ,oa tSu

Code No. 199

ewY; # 78/-

^eq[ vkd`"Z. ➪

la“;k ;ksX;rk ijh{kk ➪ xf.r ;ksX;rk ijh{kk ➪ Hk"k ·fgUnh‚ ijh{kk ➪ ekufld` ;ksX;rk ijh{kk

ENGLISH EDITION

mid`kj izd`kæu] vkxjk–2

Code No. 883 Price : 78/● E-mail : [email protected] ● Website : www.upkar.in

(C) 31% (E) 40%

iatkc usæu¥ cßd` ·d~`f" vf|d`kjh‚ ijh{kk] 4-1-2009 d`k g¥ iz'u-i(

O;kolkf;d` Kku (d~`f") ·Le~fr ij fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ‘tSomoZjd`’ ukbV_kstu fLƒjhd`kjd` ekb∂`ksvkWxsZfuTe gS vkSj okuLifrd` œ`l¥kÍ rƒk xSj-œ`¥hnkj œ`l¥kÍ ds` f¥, ¥kHnk;d` gS = (A) jkbtksfc;e (RHZ) (B) ,tksVScSDVj (AZT) (C) ,tksfLifj¥e (AZS) (D) uh¥-gfjr æSok¥ (E) œ`kWLœs`V lksY;wfc¥kb¯tx (PSB) eksfc¥kb¯tx cSDVhfj;k 2. orZeku eÍ] Hkjr eÍ ds`¥s d`h œ`l¥ ok¥h dq`¥ Hwfe ds` fd`rus ^frær Hkx eÍ ‘fV';w-d`YpMZ I¥k≥V¥sVΩl’ d`h fof| ls [srh d`h tkrh gS = 1.

(A) 10% (C) 20% (E) 30% 3.

vHh gk¥ ds` ‘ekb∂`ks-∂s`fMV fæ[j lEes¥u’ (2007) ds` vuqlkj] Hkjr eÍ] ekb∂`ks œ`kbuSUl baLVhVΩ;wæUl (MFIs) d`h dq`¥ la“;k ds` fd`rus ^frær ,sls gß] tks 10,000 ls d`e xzkgd`kÍ d`ks lsok,a ^nku d`jrs gß ·^fr FMI xzkgd`kÍ d`h la“;k‚ = (A) 70% (C) 80% (E) 90%

4.

(B) 15% (D) 25%

(B) 75% (D) 85%

ekpZ 2007 ds` vuqlkj] Hkjr eÍ d~`f" ds` ‘ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn’ (GDP) eÍ eRL;-”s( d`k fgLlk fd`rus ^frær gS= (A) 2·5% (C) 4·5% (E) 6·5%

(B) 3·5% (D) 5·5%

5.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l d~`f" mRikn/ ckxokuh d`h œ`l¥ d`ks d`ksYM LVksjst eÍ lqjf”r j[us ds` f¥, 2°C rki vkSj 90% vknzZrk d`h vko';d`rk gksrh gS = (A) vkez-xwnk (B) xq¥kc (C) eæÔe (D) nqX|-mRikn (E) eRL; mRikn 6. Hkjr d`h fuEu iapo"hZ; ;kstuk eÍ] ¯lpkbZ ”s( d`h ;kstuk ¥kxr lokZf|d` (12·5%) ƒh = (A) NBh (B) lkroÓ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1644

13.

(D) 35%

o"Z 2006–07 eÍ SGSY–∂s`fMV d`k foLrkj d`jus ls fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls vk|kfjr‚ fd`l Hkjrh; jkT; d`ks lcls vf|d` ¥kH gqvk = (A) rfe¥ukMq (B) fcgkj (C) vkBoÓ (D) uoÓ (E) nloÓ (C) mÈMhlk (D) m®j ^nsæ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 7. Hkjr eÍ d~`"d`kÍ }kjk mi;ksx fd`, tkus ok¥s jklk;fud` moZjd` eÍ NPK 14. VekVj d`h ;g fd`Le vf|d` mit d`h ek(k fuEu vuqikr eÍ gksuh pkfg,% ok¥h] vPNh xq.o®k ok¥s œ`¥kÍ ok¥h (A) 2 : 2 : 2 (B) 3 : 2 : 1 gS vkSj >kj[≥M jkT; eÍ [srh ds` (C) 4 : 2 : 1 (D) 5 : 2 : 1 f¥, mi;qDr gS% (E) 6 : 2 : 1 (A) Lo.Z ¥kf¥ek 8. ‘da`V_SDV œ`kfeÛx’ ds` vUrxZr] fuEu(B) Lo.Z ';ke¥h f¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk jkT; ?sjfd`Ul (C) Lo.Z ^frHk ·gkbfczM [hjk-d`d`ÈMh‚ ds` mRiknu (D) Lo.Z Jh vkSj fu;kZr eÍ lcls vkxs gS = (E) Lo.Z euksgj (A) rfe¥ukMq (B) vkU|z ^nsæ 15. 5·0 eh\ × 5·0 eh\ ij ·oxkZd`kj (C) d`ukZVd` (D) ds`j¥ i*fr‚ jksius ls ^fr gsDVs;j vke (E) egkjkÆV_ d`h ‘vkezik¥h’ fd`Le ds` fd`rus ikS|kÍ/ 9. mPp ?uRo ok¥s jksi. ds` vUrxZr] isÈMkÍ d`k ¥kHnk;d` Ôi ls lekosæ ‘iwlk uUgk’ fd`Le ds` iihrs ds` jksi. fd`;k tk ld`rk gS = eÍ] ikS|kÍ ds` chp d`h vknæZ nwjh (A) 1,400 ikS|s (B) 1,500 ikS|s ·ehVj eÍ‚ fd`ruh gksuh pkfg, = (C) 1,600 ikS|s (D) 1,700 ikS|s (A) 1·25 eh\ × 1·25 eh\ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (B) 1·50 eh\ × 1·50 eh\ (C) 1·75 eh\ × 1·75 eh\ 16. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls cßxu d`h d`kSulh (D) 2·00 eh\ × 2·00 eh\ lad`j fd`Le ubZ fj¥ht m\ ^\] iatkc] (E) 2·50 eh\ × 2·50 eh\ fcgkj rƒk >kj[≥M ds` f¥, laLrqr gS`= 10. [k» inkƒksÛ ds` ewY;kÍ eÍ fo'oO;kih (A) d`kæh lansæ ukVd`h; o~f* ds` xEHhj ifj.ke (B) Lo.Z æfDr r~rh; fo'o ds` ¥ksxkÍ d`ks Hqxrus (C) d`kæh x.sæ iÈMs (FAO, 2008)\ bl ^f∂`;k ds` ifj.keLoÔi] fo'o ds` fd`rus nsækÍ d`ks (D) HA BH-17 [k»-lad`V ls xqtjuk iÈM jgk gS`= (E) HA BH-3 (A) 35 (B) 36 17. IIHR-cax¥kSj }kjk gk¥ gh eÍ tkjh (C) 37 (D) 38 d`h xbZ ‘'osrk chtjfgr’ vaxwj d`h (E) 39 fd`Le ˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ eÍ mxkus ds` f¥, mi;qDr gS\ 11. tuojh 2008 ,oa ebZ 2008 ds` chp (A) m®j Hkjr (B) nf”. Hkjr if'pe caxk¥ vkSj f(iqjk eÍ fd`ruh ckj ‘,fo;u baŒ¥q,atk (H5N1)’ d`k (C) if'peh Hkjr (D) iwohZ Hkjr ^d`ksi ntZ fd`;k x;k = (E) nsæ eÍ lHh txg (A) 37 (B) 39 18. vfr m®e nkukÍ ok¥h] lqxaf|r] (C) 40 (D) 41 120–125 fnu eÍ ifjiDo gksus ok¥h] (E) 42 gk¥ gh eÍ gfj;k.k] fnY¥h vkSj m®jk[≥M eÍ [srh ds` f¥, tkjh d`h 12. œ`kbuSfUæ;¥ bUD¥wtu (2007) i j xbZ pko¥ ·|ku‚ d`h lad`j fd`Le cuh MkW\ lh\ jaxjktu lfefr ds` fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh gS = vuqlkj Hkjr eÍ xzkeh. ”s( ds` (A) PA 6201 (B) Pusa RH 10 fd`rus ^frær ¥ksxkÍ ds` ikl cßd` [krs gß = (C) KRH2 (D) RH 204 (E) iar lad`j |ku 3 (A) 18% (B) 24%

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

jch lksj?e ·Tokj‚ ,d` egRoiw.Z œ`l¥ gS tks˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙jkT; d`h ‘o"kZ¯lfpr ikfjfLƒfrd` ^.k¥h’ ds` f¥, mi;qDr gS\ (A) egkjkÆV_ (B) d`ukZVd` (C) xqtjkr (D) fcgkj (E) rfe¥ukMq Hkjr eÍ bl ‘d~`f"-ikfjfLƒfrd` ^.k¥h’ ds` ¥”. gß%mPp fopj. xq.kad` lfgr d`e] vfu;fer oxZ vkSj ckj-ckj iÈMus ok¥k lw[k% (A) ¯lfpr d~`f"-ikfjfLƒfrd` ^.k¥h (B) æqÆd` d~`f"-ikfjfLƒfrd` ^.k¥h (C) rVh; d~`f"-ikfjfLƒfrd` ^.k¥h (D) o"kZ¯lfpr d~`f"-ikfjfLƒfrd` ^.k¥h (E) igkÈMh d~`f"-ikfjfLƒfrd` ^.k¥h ‘i®h d`k jLV’ bl œ`l¥ d`h ,d` xEHhj chekjh gS vkSj vkt rd` blds` fu;U(. ds` f¥, d`ksbZ ^Hkoh vkSj i;kZojf.d` n~fÆV ls lqjf”r œ`œw∑`nhukæd` mi¥C| ugÓ gS% (A) æd`jda`n (B) vaxwj (C) pko¥ (D) xsg∑w (E) lksjxe ·Tokj‚ Hkjr eÍ ¥xHx lHh txg mxk, tkus ok¥s vkS"|h; ikS|s lœs`n ewl¥h d`k okuLifrd` ·oSKkfud`‚ uke D;k gS = (A) D¥ksjksœ`kbVe cksfjfof¥;sue (B) d`jD;wf¥xks vkWfdZ`vkWbMΩl (C) ikbij ¥kWUxe (D) lks¥sue lqjkVsUl (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ lsUV_¥ baLVhVΩ;wV vkWœ` iksLV-gkosZLV bathfu;¯jx ,≥M VsDukW¥kth d`gk∑ gS = (A) vcksgj ·iatkc‚ (B) ¥qf|;kuk ·iatkc‚ (C) cax¥kSj ·d`ukZVd`‚ (D) Hksik¥ ·e÷; ^nsæ‚ (E) gSnjkckn ·vkU|z ^nsæ‚ jktLƒku jkT; ds` o"kZiksf"r vkSj ¯lfpr ”s(kÍ ds` f¥, vPNh mit ikus ds` f¥, vki fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l lad`j vj≥Mh d`k lq>ko nÍxs = (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

RHC 1 (VP-1 × TMV5-1) DCH 6 (JP 65 × JI 96) DCH 519 (M574 × DCS 78) DCH 177 (DCP 9 × DCS 9)

bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 25. vf|d` vkfƒZd` ¥kH ikus ds` f¥, vki fd`lkukÍ d`ks fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh fefJr œ`l¥-i*fr lq>k,axs = izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1645

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

fH≥Mh + d`k¥hrksjbZ vke + gYnh vke + vjch vke + ew∑xœ`¥h vjch + gYnh vf|d`kaær# lhekUr Hwfe ij mxkbZ tkus ok¥h [k» œ`l¥kÍ d`ks cÈkj[≥M (D) e÷; ^nsæ (E) m®jk[≥M iæqik¥u d`k ,d` ^eq[ laLƒku ‘fn lÍV_¥ œz`kstu lhesu ^ksMDæu ,≥M V_s¯ux baLVhVΩ;wV’ (HQ) d`gk∑ gS = (A) gsLlkj?VΩVk ·d`ukZVd`‚ (B) lqukcsÈMk ·mÈMhlk‚ (C) |kejksM ·xqtjkr‚ (D) lwjrxÈ< ·jktLƒku‚ (E) vansæuxj ·m®jk[≥M‚ Hkjr eÍ dq`¥ ;ksX; ”s( d`k fd`ruk ^frær ‘ckxokuh œ`l¥kÍ’ ds` vUrxZr gS = (A) 10 ^frær (B) 11 ^frær (C) 12 ^frær (D) 13 ^frær (E) 14 ^frær jkÆV_h; d~`f" chek ;kstuk (NAIS) ˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ ls Hkjr eÍ ¥kxw gS\ (A) jch ekSle 1999–2000 (B) [jhœ` ekSle 1998–1999 (C) jch ekSle 2000–2001 (D) [jhœ` ekSle 2000–2001 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ‘iwlk vjf.ek’ bl œ`l¥ d`h ,d` csgrj lad`j fd`Le gS ftls IARI, ubZ fnY¥h us tkjh fd`;k ƒk% (A) vke (B) veÔn (C) vaxwj (D) flV_l (E) vukj ;ƒk 2007 fd`rus Hkjrh; jkT;kÍ/ la?h; ”s(kÍ (UTs) us d~`f" foi.u lq|kjkÍ ds` vUrxZr vius lac* vf|fu;ekÍ d`k vaær# vkæks|u fd`;k gS = (A) 12 jkT;/UTs (B) 13 jkT;/UTs (C) 14 jkT;/UTs (D) 15 jkT;/UTs (E) 16 jkT;/UTs

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

38.

iæq|u] iksYV_h vkSj lac* mRiknkÍ ls 2004–05 eÍ Hkjr d`h dq`¥ ‘fu;kZr vk;’ ·:\ d`jksÈM eÍ‚ fd`ruh ƒh = (A) 2200 d`jksÈM (B) 2250 d`jksÈM (C) 2300 d`jksÈM (D) 2350 d`jksÈM (E) 5150 d`jksÈM Hkjr eÍ ‘d`V Œ¥kWolZ’ ds` mRiknu eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk jkT; vxz.h ·^ƒe ∂`ekafd`r‚ gS = (A) egkjkÆV_ (B) d`ukZVd` (C) vkU|z ^nsæ (D) m®j ^nsæ (E) if'pe caxk¥ ,d` gsDV;j ”s(œ`¥ eÍ ‘,flM ¥kbe’ ds ` 277 ikS|kÍ d`k lekosæ d`jus ds` f¥, nks ikS|kÍ ds` chp fd`ruh txg j[uh pkfg, = (A) 5·5 eh\ × 5·5 eh\ (B) 6·0 eh\ × 6·0 eh\ (C) 6·5 eh\ × 6·5 eh\ (D) 7·0 eh\ × 7·0 eh\ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ‘jch ekSle’ eÍ vf|d` mit ds` f¥,] iatkc jkT; ds` fd`lkukÍ d`ks vki fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ‘lad`j eDd`k’ mxkus d`k lq>ko nÍxs = (A) foosd` gkbfczM (B) foosd` gkbfczM 15 (C) gkbfczM æhr¥ (D) MsDd`u 115 (E) ^rki gkbfczM eDd`k 1 jkÆV_h; ^frnæZ losZ”. laxBu (NSSO, 2006) ds` vuqlkj] d~`f" lEcU|h lwpuk ikus ds` f¥, Hkjrh; fd`lkukÍ }kjk fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls vf|d`kaær# fd`l lwpuk lzksr d`k mi;ksx fd`;k tkrk gS = (A) jsfM;ks/TV (B) œ`keZ buiqV Mh¥lZ (C) ^xfræh¥ fd`lkukÍ (D) d~`f" foKku ds`UnzkÍ (E) d~`f" egkfo»k¥; foæs"K Hkjr d`h 197 futh phuh fe¥kÍ eÍ ls 40 ^frær ls vf|d` bl jkT; eÍ gß% (A) m®j ^nsæ (B) rfe¥ukMq (C) N®hlxÈ< (D) vkU|z ^nsæ (E) d`ukZVd` ,fxz/osV/gkWfVZd`Ypj Lukrd`kÍ }kjk ∏,xzh-fD¥fud` vkSj ,xzhfctusl ds`UnzkÍ d`h Lƒkiukπ d`h ;kstuk ds` vUrxZr] SC, ST efg¥k vkSj vU; vlqfo|k ^kIr oxZ ds` mEehnokjkÍ d`ks dq`¥ )`.

jkfæ/dq`¥ fuosæ d`h rq¥uk eÍ ^kIr lgk;d`h la?Vd` fd`ruk gS = (A) 25 ^frær (B) 33·33 ^frær (C) 50 ^frær (D) 60 ^frær (E) 80 ^frær 39. xzkeh. vkSj d~`f" fod`kl gsrq æh"Z fo®h; laLƒk ds` Ôi eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l o"Z Hkjr eÍ ukckMZ d`h Lƒkiuk gqbZ ƒh = (A) 1980 (C) 1982 (E) 1984 40.

(B) 1981 (D) 1983

1. (B)

2. (B)

3. (E) uohu ‘ekb∂`ks-∂s`fMV lfefr’ (2007), ds` vuqlkj] ¥xHx 92·4% VksV¥ ekb∂`ks œ`kbuSUl bULVhVΩ;w'kUl (MFIs) Hkjr eÍ 10,000 D¥kbUVΩl ls d`e d`ks lsok ^nku

d`j jgs gß\ 4. (B)

5. (D)

6. (B)

7. (C)

8. (B)

9. (A) 10. (E) 11. (B) 12. (A)

MkW \ lh\ jaxjktu d`esVh%œ`kbuÍfæ;¥ bUD¥wtu (2007) ij] Hkjr eÍ 17·7% xzkeh. tula“;k cßd` ,d`kmUVΩl j[rh gS\

13. (E) 14. (A)

Hkjrh; fjtoZ cßd` ds` funsZækÍ ds` vuqlkj] cßd`kÍ d`ks m|kjd`rkZvkÍ d`h ˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ :\ rd` d`h lhekvkÍ ok¥s )`.kÍ ds` f¥, ekftZu/laikf'oZd` ^frHwfr d`h ek∑x ugÓ d`juh pkfg,\ (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

m®j O;k“;k lfgr

50,000 75,000 1,00,000 1,25,000 1,50,000

15. (E) 5 × 5 m2 œ`kl¥s ij ^fr vke ds` 400 ikS|s ¥xk, tk,axs\

30. (A) IARI, ubZ fnY¥h }kjk vke d`h lad`j (Hybrid) fd`Le%iwlk v:f.ek (Pusa Arunima)–vkezik¥h × lsUlsæu (Amrapali × Sensation) ds` ∂`kWl ls

fod`flr d`h xbZ gS\ 31. (C) 32. (E)

d`ukZVd` jkT; eÍ ¥xHx 19,161 gs D Vs ; j ij ‘d`V Œ¥kW o lZ ’ (Cut Flowers) d`h [srh d`h tk jgh gS] tks lokZf|d` gS\ blds` ckn if'peh caxk¥ (12,285 gs\‚] vkU|z ^nsæ (5,933 gs\‚ rƒk egkjkÆV_ (3,356 gs\‚ ”s( vkrk gS\

33. (B)

34. (B) 35. (B) 36. (A) ‘NSSO (National Sample Survey Organisation)-2006’ ds` vuqlkj jsfM;ks/ Vhoh (Radio/TV) }kjk 50% ls vf|d`

d~`"d` œ`keZ-lwpuk,a ^kIr d`j jgs gß\ 37. (A) m\ ^\ eÍ 38·57% ls vf|d` 16. (D) 17. (B) 18. (B) 19. (A) 20. (B) ·lokZf|d`‚ ^kbosV lqxj feYl fLƒr gß\ gSDVs;j

21. (D) 22. (A) 23. (B) 24. (D) 25. (A)

38. (A)

26. (E) 27. (A) 28. (A)

39. (C) ukckMZ (NABARD)—National Bank for Agriculture & Rural Development) d`h Lƒkiuk 12 tq¥kbZ] 1982 d`ks gqbZ] tks ,d` loksZPp cßd`

29. (A)

40. (B)

nsæ ds` ¥xHx 10% dq`¥ œ`l¥ ”s( ij] ckxokuh œ`l¥Í 160·75 fef¥;u Vu ckxokuh lEcU|h mRiknu nsrh gß\

laLƒku gS\ ●●●

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mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` d`EI;wVj ,I¥hds`æu rFkk ekdsZ`fVax ,≥M lsYl eSusteÍV 175/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` ,;j dzS`ŒV esUVh\ bathfu;¯jx 260/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` ekWMuZ vkWfœ`l eSusteÍV ,≥M lsdzs`fV_;¥ izSfDVl rFkk ¥kbczsjh ,≥M buœ`kWjesæu lkbal 198/mid`kj ikWf¥\ xkjesUV] gkse lkbal] VsDlVkb¥ rFkk œS`æu 165/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` la;qDr izosæ ijh{kk gksV¥ eSusteÍV ,≥M dS`Vfjax VsDuks¥kWth 180/mid`kj izSfDVl odZ`-cqd ikWf¥VsfDud` izosæ ijh{kk 55/mid`kj izSfDVl odZ`-cqd ikWf¥\ la;qDr izosæ ijh{kk ·œ`kesZlh‚ 115/mid`kj izd`kæu] 2/11A, Lons'kh chek uxj] vkxjk–282 002 ● E-mail : [email protected]

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(C) (D)

vkxkeh cßd` ih\ vks\] ,e\ ch\ ,\ vkfn ijh”kvkÍ ds` f¥, fo'ks" g¥ iz'u

m»ksx O;kikj txrΩ 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

fo®h; ?ksVk¥s ds` vkjksikÍ eÍ œ∑`lh lR;e d`EI;wVj ,≥M lfoZlsÈt f¥\ ds` ps;jeSu in ij fd`ld`h fu;qfDr ljd`kj }kjk xr œ`jojh ekg eÍ d`h xbZ gS = (A) fd`j. d`kfuZd` (B) lkFkZd` csgwfj;k (C) lkse fe®¥ (D) x.s'k uVjktu foekuu m»ksx d`h ^n'kZuh ,;jks bafM;k- 2009 d`k vk;kstu œ`jojh 2009 eÍ fd`l 'kgj eÍ gqvk = (A) ubZ fnY¥h (B) cax¥kSj (C) eqEcbZ (D) ukxiqj I¥kfLVd` m»ksx d`h vUrjkZÆV_h; ^n'kZuh I¥kfLVafM;k-2009 œ`jojh 2009 eÍ fd`l 'kgj eÍ vk;ksftr Fkh = (A) ubZ fnY¥h (B) eqEcbZ (C) gSnjkckn (D) t;iqj Hkjr eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l fnu d`ks ds`Unzh; mRikn 'kqYd` fnol ds` Ôi eÍ euk;k tkrk gS = (A) 24 tuojh (B) 26 tuojh (C) 24 œ`jojh (D) 26 œ`jojh euksjatu m»ksx ij ds`fUnzr lEes¥u ‘œzs`El-2009’ d`k vk;kstu m»ksx O;kikj txrΩ ds` fd`l laxBu }kjk eqEcbZ eÍ œ`jojh 2009 eÍ fd`;k x;k = (A) fœ`Dd`h (FICCI) (B) ,lkspSe (ASSOCHAM) (C) fœ`;ks (FIEO) (D) Hkjrh; m»ksx egkla? (CII) ekStwnk oSf'od` fo®h; lad`V ij fopkj ds` f¥, uoEcj 2008 eÍ th-20 d`k ,d` lEes¥u okf'kaxVu eÍ vk;ksftr fd`;k x;k Fkk\ ,slk ,d` vU; lEes¥u v^S¥ 2009 eÍ fd`l 'kgj eÍ gksxk = (A) jkse (B) tsusok (C) fo;uk (D) ¥anu l( 2009-10 ds` f¥, fd`ls fœ`Dd`h m»ks x O;kikj txrΩ ds ` la x Bu ‘fœ`Dd`h’ (FICCI) d`k v÷;{k cuk;k x;k gS =

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1647

(A) (B) (C) (D) 8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

jktho pUnz'ks[j g"Zifr flagkfu;k lTtu ftan¥ lrh'k ckxjksfM;k Hkjr fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l lewg ds` lkFk ,d` LorU( O;kikj le>kSrs ij gLrk{kj 'kh?z gh d`jus tk jgk gS] ftlds` f¥, vkilh okrkZ ¥xHx iwjh gks pqd`h gS = (A) ;wjksih; la? (B) 'ka?kbZ lg;ksx laxBu (C) vksisd` (D) vkfl;ku Hkjr ds` fd`l vkbZVh fo'ks"K d`ks Jh¥ad`k ds` jkÆV_ifr efgank jkti{ks us viuk vkbZVh l¥kgd`kj œ`jojh 2009 eÍ fu;qDr fd`;k Fkk] ftls lEcfU|r fo'ks"K us vLohd`kj d`j fn;k gS = (A) fd`j. d`kfuZd` (B) lSe fi(ksnk (C) ,u\ vkj\ ukjk;.ewfrZ (D) f'ko uMkj orZeku eÍ js¥os cksMZ ds` v÷;{k gß% (A) ds`\ lh\ tsuk (B) j?q esuu (C) ,l\ ,l\ [qjkuk (D) ,l\ lh\ ikf. ds`\ ds`\ fcÈM¥k œ`km≥Ms'ku ds` fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l iqjLd`kj ds` rgrΩ iqjLd`kj jkf'k lokZf|d` gS = (A) ljLorh lEeku (B) O;kl lEeku (C) okpLifr iqjLd`kj (D) 'kad`j iqjLd`kj fœ`Ye txrΩ ds` ‘ckŒVk’ iqjLd`kj fd`l ns'k eÍ fn, tkrs gß = (A) vejhd`k (B) fczVsu (C) œz`kal (D) czkth¥ fo®h; if(d`k ‘,f'k;k euh’ us fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l cßd` ds` v÷;{k d`ks 2008 d`k csLV ,DÈthD;wfVo iqjLd`kj ^nku fd`;k gS = (A) ,fDll cßd` (B) ,pMh,œ`lh cßd`

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

vkbZlhvkbZlhvkbZ cßd` Hkjrh; LVsV cßd` ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` vUrfje ctV (2009-10) ds` vuqlkj 2008-09 eÍ ljd`kj d`k jktd`ks"h; ?kVk ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn d`k fd`rus ^fr'kr jgus d`h lEHkouk gS = (A) 2·5 ^fr'kr (B) 3·5 ^fr'kr (C) 5·0 ^fr'kr (D) 6·0 ^fr'kr 2009-10 eÍ ds`Unz ljd`kj d`k jktd`ks"h; ?kVk ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn ds` fd`rus ^fr'kr rd` lhfer j[us d`k varfje ctV eÍ ¥{; gS = (A) 3·0 ^fr'kr (B) 4·0 ^fr'kr (C) 5·5 ^fr'kr (D) 6·5 ^fr'kr C;kt vnk;fx;kÍ ds` f¥, fd`ruh jkf'k d`k ^ko|ku ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` 200910 ds` varfje ctV eÍ fd`;k x;k gS= (A) 1,71,030 d`jksÈM :i, (B) 1,90,807 d`jksÈM :i, (C) 1,92,694 d`jksÈM :i, (D) 2,25,511 d`jksÈM :i, ds`Unz ljd`kj us lqj{kk ds` f¥, fd`ruh jkf'k d`k vkoaVu 2009-10 ds` varfje ctV eÍ fd`;k gS = (A) 1,05,604 d`jksÈM :i, (B) 1,14,600 d`jksÈM :i, (C) 1,41,703 d`jksÈM :i, (D) 1,92,694 d`jksÈM :i, 2009-10 eÍ js¥os d`k ifjpk¥u vuqikr fd`rus ^fr'kr jgus d`k vuqeku lUnfHZr o"Z ds` varfje js¥ ctV eÍ ¥xk;k x;k gS = (A) 75·9 ^fr'kr (B) 79·9 ^fr'kr (C) 84·9 ^fr'kr (D) 89·9 ^fr'kr ds`Unzh; lkaf“;d`h; laxBu (CSO) ds` vfxze vkd`¥u eÍ 2008-09 eÍ Hkjr ds` ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn eÍ fd`rus ^fr'kr o~f* d`k vuqeku ¥xk;k x;k gS = (A) 5·1 ^fr'kr (B) 7·1 ^fr'kr (C) 8·1 ^fr'kr (D) 9·1 ^fr'kr lh,lvks ds` vfxze vkd`¥u ds` vuqlkj 2008-09 eÍ ns'k ds` ld`¥ ?js¥w mRikn (GDP) eÍ lsokvkÍ d`k ;ksxnku vuqekfur gS% (A) 37 ^fr'kr (B) 47 ^fr'kr (C) 57 ^fr'kr (D) 67 ^fr'kr

21.

okf.T; ea(k¥; ds` vuafre vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` vuqlkj 2008-09 ds` ig¥s ukS eghukÍ ·v^S ¥ -fnlEcj 2008 ‚ ds` nkSjku Hkjr ds` oLrqxr fu;kZrkÍ eÍ ¥xHx fd`rus ^fr'kr d`h o~f* ·MkW¥j ewY; eÍ‚ ntZ d`h xbZ = (A) 17 ^fr'kr (B) 21 ^fr'kr (C) 25 ^fr'kr (D) 29 ^fr'kr 22. 2008-09 eÍ fd`rus fu;kZr d`k ¥{; okf.T; ea(k¥; }kjk fu|kZfjr fd`;k x;k Fkk = (A) 175 vjc MkW¥j (B) 200 vjc MkW¥j (C) 225 vjc MkW¥j (D) 250 vjc MkW¥j 23. foi.u o"Z 2009-10 ds` f¥, xsgw∑ d`k U;wure leFkZu ewY; fd`ruk fu|kZfjr gS = (A) 980 :i, ^fr fDoaV¥ (B) 1030 :i, ^fr fDoaV¥ (C) 1080 :i, ^fr fDoaV¥ (D) 1130 :i, ^fr fDoaV¥ 24. isV_ksf¥;e inkFkksÛ ds` ifjogu gsrq eqanzk ls fnY¥h rd` 1054 fd`eh ¥Ech ikbi¥kbu fd`l d`Eiuh }kjk fcNkbZ xbZ gS =

(A) (B) (C) (D)

,pihlh,¥ (A) Msuh cks,¥ chihlh,¥ (B) MsfoM fœ`apj bafM;u vkWb¥ (C) jkWu gkWoMZ xs¥ (GAIL) (D) lkbeu fc;qœ`kse 25. fr¥S;k ·>kj[≥M‚ eÍ 4000 esxkokV {kerk ok¥h vYV_k esxk ikWoj ifj- 29. dq`¥ fd`rus vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj fœ`Ye L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j us 81oÍ vkWLd`j ;kstuk d`h LFkkiuk fd`lds` }kjk d`h iq jLd`kjkÍ ds` rgrΩ ^kIr fd`, = tk,xh = (A) 7 (B) 8 (A) ukfHd`h; fo»qrΩ fuxe f¥\ (C) 9 (D) 10 (B) jkÆV_h; rki fo»qrΩ fuxe (C) VkVk ikWoj 30. ig¥s Hkjrh; ftUgÍ vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj (D) fj¥k;al ikWoj ^kIr gqvk% 26. ns'k eÍ fd`rus 'ks;j cktkjkÍ eÍ fons'kh (A) nknk lkgsc œ`k¥ds` eqnzk d`k ok;nk d`kjksckj orZeku eÍ (B) ,\ vkj\ jgeku gksrk gS = (C) Hkuq vFkS;k (A) 1 (B) 2 (D) i~Fohjkt d`iwj (C) 3 (D) 4 27.

js¥os }kjk LFkkfir fd`, tk jgs iwohZ MsfMds`VsM œzs`V d`kWfjMksj d`k m®jh Nksj gksxk% (A) fnY¥h eÍ (B) ¥qf|;kuk eÍ (C) ve~rlj eÍ (D) tEew eÍ 28. vkWLd`j iqjLd`kj ls lEekfur cgq ^'kaflr fœ`Ye L¥eMkWx fef¥;us;j ds` funsZ'kd` d`kSu gß =

m®jek¥k 1. 6. 11. 16. 21. 26.

(A) 2. (B) 3. (A) (D) 7. (B) 8. (D) (A) 12. (B) 13. (D) (D) 17. (C) 18. (D) (A) 22. (B) 23. (C) (C) 27. (B) 28. (A)

4. (C) 9. (C) 14. (D) 19. (B) 24. (A) 29. (B)

5. (A) 10. (C) 15. (C) 20. (C) 25. (D) 30. (C)

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vkj\,\,l\/vkj\Vh\,l\ ^kjfEHd` ijh”k] 7-1-2009 d`k g¥ ^'u-i(

15.

jktuhfr foKku 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu n¥jfgr ^tkrU( (Partyless democracy) d`k leƒZd` gS`= (A) tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ (B) ekvks-Rls-rqax (C) t;^d`kæ ukjk;. (D) ¥k¥ cgknqj ækL(h fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lus ^tkrU( d`ks HzÆVkpkj] ;kfU(d` jktuhfr ,oa xq≥Mkoknh (Gangsterism) ds` lkƒ tksÈMk gS`= (A) ijsVks (B) ¥kLd`h (C) jkWcVZ Mg¥ (D) lh\ MCY;w\ feYl fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`k uke ‘vYirU( d`k ¥kSg fu;e’ (Iron Law of Oligarchy) ds` lkƒ tqÈMk gqvk gS`= (A) fepsYl (B) eksLd`k (C) feYl (D) ¥kLd`h fuEuf¥f[r es ls fd`lus ‘tuekul’ (Mass mind) d`h vo|kj.k nh gS`= (A) ijsVks (B) eksLd`k (C) fepsYl (D) xkls laoS|kfud` ljd`kj d`k vfH^k; gS% (A) lhfer æklu (B) lafo|ku d`h |kjkvkÍ ds` vuqlkj p¥us ok¥h ljd`kj (C) ækld`kÍ d`h bPNkuqlkj p¥us ok¥h ljd`kj (D) n¥h; usrkvkÍ d`h bPNkuqlkj p¥us ok¥h ljd`kj ;g d`ƒu fd`ld`k gS ∏euqÆ; LorU( iSnk gksrk gS] ¥sfd`u og ^R;sd` Lƒku ij cU|u eÍ gSπ`= (A) gkWCl (B) ¥kWd` (C) Ôlks (D) ekDlZ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh cglew¥d` ^tkrU( (Deliberative democracy) d`h eq“; foæs"rk gS`= (A) lalnh; ^Hql®k (Sovereignty) (B) d`k;Zikf¥d`k d`h loksZPprk (C) U;k;ikf¥d`k d`h Lok;®rk (D) ¥ksxkÍ d`h ^Hkoæk¥h lgHkfxrk

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1649

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk jktuhfrd` vf|d`kj ugÓ gS`= (A) ernku (Vote) d`k vf|d`kj (B) pquko ¥ÈMus d`k vf|d`kj (C) d`kuwu ds` le” lekurk d`k vf|d`kj (D) jktuhfrd` n¥ cukus d`k vf|d`kj fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu jkT; ugÓ gS`= (A) usik¥ (B) HwVku (C) frCcr (D) bjkd` ;g d`ƒu fd`ld`k gS ∏vkt rd` ds` lEiw.Z lekt d`k bfrgkl oxZ la?"Z d`k bfrgkl gSπ`= (A) ,ÍtYl (B) ekDlZ (C) ¥sfuu (D) V_kVLd`h fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu ‘jkT; d`h mRif® ds` nSoh; fl*kUr’ d`k leƒZd` gS`= (A) cSUƒe (B) ts\ ,l\ fe¥ (C) gkWCl (D) tsEl I ekDlZ us od`k¥r d`h gS% (A) oxZ jfgr lekt Lƒkfir d`jus d`h (B) jkT; jfgr lekt Lƒkfir d`jus d`h (C) tkfr jfgr lekt Lƒkfir d`jus d`h (D) oxZ jfgr ,oa jkT; jfgr lekt Lƒkfir d`jus d`h ekDlZ us oxZ la?"Z ds` fl*kUr d`k ^friknu fd`;k gS% (A) bd`ks u ks f ed` ,≥M ikW f ¥fVd`¥ eSuqfL∂`IV eÍ (B) d`E;wfuLV esfuœs`LVks eÍ (C) nkl dS`fiV¥ eÍ (D) ikWoVhZ vkWœ` fœ`¥kslœ`h eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ukxfjd` vf|d`kj ugÓ gS`= (A) thou d`k vf|d`kj (B) Hk". d`k vf|d`kj (C) lekurk d`k vf|d`kj (D) lkoZtfud` in ^kIr d`jus d`k vf|d`kj

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

;g d`ƒu fd`ld`k gS ∏lektokn ml Vksi ds` leku gS] ftlus viuk vkd`kj [ks;k gS] D;kÍfd` ^R;sd` bld`ks igurk gSπ`= (A) ¥kLd`h (B) tksM (C) ekDlZ (D) xka|h fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh ?Vuk d`ks lektokn ds` fod`kl eÍ egRoiw.Z ekuk tkrk gS`= (A) 1688 d`h ækunkj ∂`kfUr (B) 1789 d`h ≠`kalhlh ∂`kfUr (C) 1776 d`h vejhd`k d`h LorU(rk d`h mnΩ?ks".k (D) 1917 d`h Ôlh ∂`kfUr ;g d`ƒu fd`ld`k gS ∏fd` lk|u gh vkf[j lc dq`N gß\ tSlk lk|u gksxk oSlk gh lk÷; gksxk] lk|u o lk÷; ds` e÷; d`ksbZ foHktu js[k ugÓ gSπ`= (A) usgÔ (B) ekDlZ (C) fr¥d` (D) xka|h fd`lus egkRek xka|h d`ks ‘v|Z uXu œ`d`hj’ (A half-naked fakir) d`gk gS`= (A) LVkf¥u (B) usgÔ (C) ÔtoSYV (D) pfpZ¥ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk d`k¥Z ekDlZ d`k d`ƒu ugÓ gS`= (A) jkT; d`k ¥ksi gks tk,xk (B) ,d` oxZjfgr ,oa jkT;jfgr lekt gksxk (C) iw∑thokn viuh d`cz (Grave) Lo;a [ksnrk gS (D) oS'ohd`j. (Globalisation) iw∑thokn d`k nwljk Ôi gS fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSuls nks jkT; gß] ftUgkÍus loZ^ƒe iapk;rh jkt d`h Lƒkiuk d`h`= (A) jktLƒku vkSj iatkc (B) jktLƒku vkSj fcgkj (C) jktLƒku vkSj vkU|z ^nsæ (D) jktLƒku vkSj m®j ^nsæ ekDlZ us }U}okn d`k fl*kUr (Dialectical Method) fd`lls f¥;k`= (A) ¥kWd` ls (B) Ôlks ls (C) fgx¥ ls (D) xzhu ls lalnh; ljd`kj eÍ efU(;kÍ d`h fu;qfDr d`h tkrh gS% (A) jkT; ds` eqf[;k }kjk viuh euethZ ls (B) ljd`kj ds` eqf[;k }kjk

(C) (D)

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

fo|kuikf¥d`k }kjk ljd`kj ds` eqf[;k d`h flœ`kfjæ ij jkT; ds` eqf[;k }kjk fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh v÷;”kRed` O;oLƒk d`h eq“; foæs"rk gS`= (A) lkewfgd` m®jnkf;Ro (B) fuf'pr vof| (C) fo|kuikf¥d`k ds` ^fr tokcnsgh (D) ukeek( (Nominal) d`k jkT;k÷;” lalnh; ljd`kj eÍ ^|kuea(h vkSj eaf(ifj"nΩ in ij jg ld`rs gß% (A) tc rd` jkT;k÷;” d`k fo'okl ^kIr gS (B) tc rd` ernkrkvkÍ d`k fo'okl ^kIr gS (C) tc rd` ernkrkvkÍ d`ks fd`, gq, ok;ns iwjs d`jrs gß (D) tc rd` fo|kuikf¥d`k ds` fuEu lnu d`k fo'okl ^kIr gS lalnkRed` O;oLƒk eÍ fuEu lnu ds` ^fr ^|kuea(h d`h tokcnsgh gS% (A) ^R;” vkSj fujUrj (B) v^R;” (Indirect) (C) d`Hh-d`Hh (Intermittent) (D) ds`o¥ fuEu lnu d`h cSBd`kÍ ds` nkSjku f}lnukRed`rk (Bicameralism) eq“; foæs"rk gS% (A) lalnkRed` O;oLƒk d`h (B) v÷;”kRed` O;oLƒk d`h (C) la?kRed` O;oLƒk d`h (D) ,d`kRed` O;oLƒk d`h 1942 eÍ ‘d`jks ;k ejks’ (Do or die) d`k ukjk fd`lus fn;k`= (A) ck¥ xaxk|j fr¥d` (B) tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ (C) ¥k¥k ¥ktir jk; (D) egkRek xka|h ¥qbZlu ikbZ ds` vuqlkj jktuhfrd` fod`kl ds` rÂo gß% (A) lgHkfxrk] ,d`rk vkSj vkS»ksxhd`j. (B) jktuhfrd` ,d`hd`j.] lgHkfxrk ,oa jkÆV_h; d`Y;k. (C) jktuhfrd` ,d`hd`j.] vkfƒZd` fod`kl vkSj jkÆV_h; d`Y;k. (D) lekurk] ”erk vkSj fofHUuhd`j.

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1650

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lus ‘fod`kl œ`Uns’ (Development trap) d`h ckr d`gh gS`= (A) ¥qbZlu ikbZ (B) ≠S`M fjXl (C) ek;ju fouj (D) ,MoMZ fæYl Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl eÍ mnkjokfn;kÍ vkSj mxzjkÆV_okfn;kÍ eÍ œw`V iÈMh% (A) lwjr vf|osæu eÍ (B) fnY¥h vf|osæu eÍ (C) d`¥d`®k vf|osæu eÍ (D) cEcbZ vf|osæu eÍ Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl d`k ^ƒe v÷;” ƒk% (A) ,\ vks\ Ìwe (B) MCY;w\ lh\ cSuthZ (C) lqjsUnz ukƒ cSuthZ (D) enu eksgu ek¥oh; fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh Hkjr ljd`kj vf|fu;e] 1935 d`h foæs"rk ugÓ ƒh`= (A) blus ^kUrkÍ eÍ }S|æklu (Dyarchy) d`k vUr fd`;k (B) blus la?h; U;k;k¥; lekIr fd`;k (C) blus f}lnu (Bicameralism) ^kjEH fd`, (D) blus lkE^nkf;d` pquko ^.k¥h d`ks vkxs cÈ
(B)

37.

38.

39.

40.

1947 35.

Hkjr ds` mijkÆV_ifr d`ks in ls gVkus d`k ^Lrko isæ fd`;k tkrk gS% (A) ¥ksd` lHk eÍ (B) jkT; lHk eÍ (C) laln ds` fd`lh Hh lnu eÍ (D) nksukÍ lnukÍ d`h la;qDr cSBd` eÍ 36. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kS u lk d`ƒu 41. mfpr ugÓ gS`= (A) Hkjr d`k jkÆV_ifr fuokZfpr fd`;k tkrk gS 5 lk¥ d`h vof| ds` f¥,

og vius in ls R;kxi( ^|kuea(h d`ks lkßi ld`rk gS (C) og d`ksbZ Hh ¥kH d`k in ugÓ j[ ld`rk (D) og laln ds` fd`lh Hh lnu d`k lnL; ugÓ gksrk fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk oDrO; lgh ugÓ gS`= (A) d`kaxzsl ds` ¥kgkSj vf|osæu eÍ iw.Z Lojkt d`k ^Lrko ikfjr fd`;k (B) lkbeu d`ehæu d`h fu;qfDr 1927 eÍ d`h xbZ ƒh (C) }S|æklu 1919 ds` vf|fu;e ds` }kjk vkjEH fd`;k x;k ƒk (D) 1946 eÍ lafo|ku lHk d`k MkW\ ch\ vkj\ vEcsMd`j d`ks v÷;” pquk x;k ƒk fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lus tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ d`ks ^ƒe ^|kuea(h in d`h æiƒ fn¥okbZ ƒh`= (A) lh\ jktxksik¥kpkjh us (B) MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn us (C) ¥kWMZ ekm≥VcSVu us (D) la?h; U;k;k¥; ds` eq“; U;k;k|hæ us fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh 1947 ds` Hkjr LorU(rk vf|fu;e d`h foæs"rk ugÓ gS`= (A) blus fczfVæ æklu d`k vUr fd`;k (B) blus Hkjr d`k foHktu fd`;k (C) blus Hkjr ds` jkT; lfpo d`k in lekIr fd`;k (D) blus xouZj tuj¥ ds` in d`ks lekIr fd`;k fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk oDrO; lgh ugÓ gS`= (A) la?h; efU(;kÍ d`h fu;qfDr Hkjr d`k jkÆV_ifr d`jrk gS (B) os jkÆV_ifr ds` ^lkni;ZUr in ij jgrs gß (C) jkÆV_ifr ^|kuea(h d`h flœ`kfjæ ds` fcuk fd`lh ea(h d`h fu;qfDr ugÓ d`j ld`rk (D) lafo|ku efU(;kÍ ds` O;fDrxr ,oa lkewfgd` m®jnkf;Ro d`k mY¥s[ d`jrk gS la? vkSj jkT;kÍ d`k ,d` lafo|ku gS ds`o¥ ,d` jkT; viokn gS\ og gS% (A) uxk¥S≥M (B) ef.iqj

(C) (D)

42.

43.

44.

45.

46.

47.

flfDd`e tEew vkSj d`'ehj jkT; lHk ds` ,d`-frgkbZ lnL; fjVk;j gks tkrs gß% (A) nks lk¥ ds` ckn (B) pkj lk¥ ds` ckn (C) ik∑p lk¥ ds` ckn (D) N# lk¥ ds` ckn fd`l ^|kuea(h ds` d`k;Zd`k¥ eÍ nks fMIVh ^|kuea(h jgs gß`= (A) tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ ds` (B) eksjkjth nslkbZ ds` (C) oh\ ih\ ¯lg ds` (D) pUnzæs[j ds` fuEuf¥f[r ;qXekÍ eÍ ls d`kSulk lgh lqesf¥r ugÓ gS`= (A) jkT;kÍ ds` mPp U;k;k¥;kÍ d`k laxBu % la? lwph (B) iqf¥l % jkT; lwph (C) ewY; fu;U(. % leorhZ lwph (D) LVkWd` ,DlpÍt ·æs;j cktkj‚ % jkT; lwph fuEuf¥f[r ;qXekÍ eÍ ls d`kSulk lgh lqesf¥r ugÓ gS`= (A) |kjk-17 % NqvkNwr d`k mUew¥u (B) |kjk-21 % thou o O;fDrxr LorU(rk d`h j”k (C) |kjk-24 % ^kƒfed` fæ”k d`k vf|d`kj (D) |kjk-29 % vYila“;d`kÍ d`h laLÎ`fr d`h j”k fuEuf¥f[r eÍ d`kSu Hkjr d`k ^ƒe d`k;Zokgd` (Acting) jkÆV_ifr cuk`= (A) ch\ Mh\ t®h (B) oh\ oh\ fxjh (C) ,e\ fgnk;rqY¥k (D) lh\ jktxksik¥kpkjh ctV ikfjr d`h fuEuf¥f[r voLƒkvkÍ d`k mfpr ∂`e D;k gS`= 1. vuqnku ek∑xkÍ ij ernku 2. lk|kj. okn-fookn 3. fo® fc¥ 4. fofu;ksx fc¥ uhps f¥[s d`ksM eÍ ls mfpr m®j pqfu,% (A) 2, 1, 4 vkSj 3 (B) 3, 2, 1 vkSj 4 (C) 3, 1, 2 vkSj 4 (D) 1, 2, 4 vkSj 3

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1651

48.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l lfefr eÍ (C) Hkjr d`k jkÆV_ifr laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ ds` ^frfuf| (D) lalnh; eke¥kÍ d`k ea(h ugÓ gksrs`= 55. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l lfefr/vk;ksx (A) vuqeku lfefr (Estimate us Lƒkuh; fo® vk;ksx d`h Lƒkiuk committee) d`k lq>ko fn;k ƒk`= (B) lkoZtfud` ¥s[k lfefr (A) ^æklfud` lq|kj vk;ksx (I) (C) lkoZtfud` m»ekÍ ds` f¥, lfefr (B) ljd`kfj;k vk;ksx (D) v|huLƒ (Subordinate) (C) c¥oUr jk; esgrk lfefr O;oLƒkiu lfefr (D) væksd` esgrk lfefr 49. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk jkT; ds` vk;ksx fd`lds` lEcU|kÍ ij mPp U;k;k¥; d`k ”s(kf|d`kj 56. ljd`kfj;k iq u foZ p kj (Reviewing) d`jus ds ` (Jurisdiction) ugÓ gS`= f¥, fu;qDr fd`;k x;k ƒk`= (A) ^kjfEHd` ”s(kf|d`kj (Original (A) jkÆV_ifr vkSj ^|kuea(h jurisdiction) (B) vih¥h; ”s(kf|d`kj (Appellate jurisdiction) (C) fujh”. ”s(kf|d`kj (Supervisory jurisdiction) (D) ijkeæZ lEcU|h ”s(kf|d`kj

(B) (C) (D) 57.

50.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu lcls vf|d` ¥Ecs le; rd` eq“;ea(h jgk gS`= (A) calh¥k¥ (B) ,u\ Mh\ frokjh (C) æs[ vCnqY¥k 58. (D) T;ksfr clq 51. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l lk|u/rjhds` }kjk ea(h d`k ÷;ku tufgr fo"; d`h rjœ` fn¥k;k tkrk gS`= (A) vYid`k¥hu ppkZ (B) ÷;kukd`"Z. ^Lrko (C) vk|s ?≥Vs d`h ppkZ (D) fuUnk ^Lrko (Censure motion) 52.

59.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh laoS|kfud` laLƒk ugÓ gS`= (A) fo® vk;ksx (B) pquko vk;ksx (C) ;kstuk vk;ksx (D) la?h; ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx 53. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l laoS|kfud` laæks|u ds` }kjk jkÆV_ifr d`ks 60. eaf(ifj"nΩ d`h l¥kg ekuus ds` f¥, ck÷; d`j fn;k gS`= (A) 42oÍ (B) 44oÍ (C) 45oÍ (D) 46oÍ 54. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu ;g œS`l¥k d`jrk gS fd` d`ksbZ fc¥ |u fc¥ gS ;k 61. ugÓ`= (A) ¥ksd` lHk d`k Lihd`j (B) jkT; lHk d`k v÷;”

fo|kuikf¥d`k vkSj d`k;Zikf¥d`k d`k;Zikf¥d`k vkSj U;k;ikf¥d`k ds`Unz vkSj jkT;kÍ fd`l ^|kuea(h d`h ljd`kj ¥ksd` lHk eÍ cgl ds` nkSjku ,d` er ls fxjh ƒh`= (A) eksjkjth nslkbZ d`h (B) pj.¯lg d`h (C) vV¥ fcgkjh oktis;h d`h (D) oh\ ih\ ¯lg d`h ijEijkxr fopkj ds` vuqlkj vUrjkZÆV_h; jktuhfr ds` ”s( eÍ ækfe¥ ugÓ gS% (A) vUrjkZÆV_h; d`kuwu d`k v÷;;u (B) vUrjkZÆV_h; laxBu d`k v÷;;u (C) Hw-jktuhfr d`k v÷;;u (D) jktuhfrd` vƒZO;oLƒk d`k v÷;;u fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lus ‘vUrjkZÆV_h; jktuhfr’ vkSj ‘vUrjkZÆV_h; lEcU|kÍ’ ds` æCnkÍ d`k ,d`-nwljs ds` Lƒku ij ^;ksx fd`;k gS`= (A) gal eksxsZUƒks (B) tkWu cVZu (C) LotZuctZj (D) ikej ,oa ifdZ`Ul fuEuf¥f[r eÍ d`kSulk æfDr d`k ^kÎ`frd` rÂo ugÓ gS`= (A) jktuhfrd` n¥ (B) lk|u (C) tula“;k (D) Hwxks¥ ;ƒkƒZoknh fl*kUr (Realist Theory) d`k ^orZd` d`kSu gS`= (A) ekVZu dS`i¥kWu (B) gal eksxsZUƒks

(C) (D) 62.

63.

64.

65.

66.

67.

68.

69.

Hkjr d`k ^ƒe fonsæ ea(h d`kSu ƒk`= (B) lekt ds` ^R;sd` oxZ d`h (A) jœ`h vgen fd`nobZ (C) ds`o¥ vius gh lnL;kÍ d`h (B) ekS¥kuk vktkn (D) ljd`kjh d`eZpkfj;kÍ d`h (C) ljnkj Lo.Z¯lg 78. la;qDr jkÆV_ la? d`k pkVZj d`c ¥kxw (D) tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ gqvk`= (A) 24 vDVwcj] 1950 eÍ 71. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk iapæh¥ d`k fl*kUr ugÓ gS`= (B) 24 vDVwcj] 1944 eÍ (A) vk∂`e. u d`juk (Non(C) 24 vDVwcj] 1946 eÍ aggression) (D) 24 vDVwcj] 1945 eÍ (B) ,d`-nwljs ds` vkUrfjd` eke¥kÍ 79. jktuhfrækL( ds` v÷;;u d`k ^kphueÍ gLr”si u d`juk re mikxe (Oldest approach) gS% (C) ækfUriw.Z lg#vfLrRo (A) ,sfrgkfld` mikxe (D) fo'o ækfUr d`ks ^ksRlkfgr d`juk (B) nkæZfud` mikxe 72. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ d`kSulk MCY;w\Vh\vks\ (C) d`kuwuh mikxe d`k mˆs'; ugÓ gS`= (D) laLƒkxr mikxe (A) HsnHkojfgr O;kikj 80. ‘ew Y ;kÍ d`k vkf|d`kfjd` foHktu’ (B) mfpr ^fr;ksfxrk jktuhfr d`h ;g ifjHk"k fuEuf¥f[r (C) ewY; fu;U(. eÍ ls fd`lus nh gS`= (D) cktkj igq∑p (A) jkWcVZ Mkg¥ (B) ¥kLd`h 73. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls 1953 eÍ la;qDr (C) MsfoM bZLVu (D) I¥sVks jkÆV_ d`h egklHk d`k v÷;” d`kSu 81. jktuhfr d`h fo";-lkexzh gS ∏d`kSu pquk x;k ƒk`= D;k d`c vkSj dS`lsπ ^kIr d`jrk gS\ (A) MkW\ jk|kÎ`Æ.u fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls ;g fd`ld`k fopkj (B) fot;¥{eh if≥Mr gS`= (C) ch\ ,u\ p∂`orhZ (A) MsfoM bZLVu (B) ¥kLoS¥ (D) Î`Æ.k eSuu (C) ¥kLd`h (D) eSd`kboj 74. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ^tkrkfU(d` 82. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ d`kSulk ekDlZokn ls lektokn (Democratic Socialism) lEcfU|r ugÓ gS`= d`k rÂo ugÓ gS`= (A) oxZ la?"Z (Class struggle) (A) d`Y;k.d`kjh jkT; (B) vfrfjDr ewY; (Surplus value) (B) fefJr vƒZO;oLƒk d`k fl*kUr arms conflict) (C) lkekftd` U;k; (C) vgLr”si d`h uhfr (Laissez (B) okrkZ (Negotiations) faire) (D) ∂`kfUrd`kjh ifjorZu (C) iapfu.Z; (Arbitration) (D) bfrgkl d`h HkSfrd`oknh O;k“;k 75. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls loZ^ƒe lajpuk(D) e÷;Lƒrk (Mediation) Red` rk¥es¥ d`h uhfr (Policy of 83. ∏jkT; d`k tUe thou d`h vko';d`fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ”s(h; structural adjustments) d`k lq>ko rkvkÍ ds` f¥, gqvk gS vkSj lq[h thou laxBu ugÓ gS`= fn;k ƒk% ds` f¥, fo»eku gS\π ;s æCn gß% (A) ukVks (A) r~rh; fo'o ds` nsæ us (A) I¥sVks ds` (B) vjLrw ds` (B) vkfl;ku (ASEAN) (B) fod`flr nsæ us (C) ¥kLd`h ds` (D) xkuZj ds` (C) vks\,\;w\ (C) vejhd`k us 84. jktuhfr d`k ijEijkxr fopkj (D) ,u\ih\Vh\ lEcfU|r gS% (D) vUrjkZÆV_h; ekWfuVjh œ`≥M vkSj fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ;wusLd`ks ds` fo'o cßd` us (A) jkT; vkSj ljd`kj ds` v÷;;u ls ”s(kf|d`kj eÍ ugÓ vkrk`= (B) laxBukÍ vkSj lewgkÍ ds` v÷;;u 76. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ fd`lus ‘jktuhfrd` (A) t¥ok;q ifjorZu ls iru’ (Political decay) ds` ckjs eÍ (B) fæ”k d`gk gS`= (C) fopkj|kjkvkÍ ds` v÷;;u ls (C) laLÎ`fr (A) ga¯VxVu (B) MsfoM ,siVj (D) laLƒkvkÍ ds` v÷;;u ls (D) lkbal (C) vkSjxsuLd`h (D) ¥wbZlu ikbZ 85. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls jktuhfrækL( d`k 14ok∑ lkdZ` lEes¥u gqvk ƒk% firk fd`ls d`gk tkrk gS`= 77. ncko lewg fd`ld`h H¥kbZ ds` f¥;s (A) fnY¥h eÍ (B) kSrs d`k rjhd`k ugÓ gS`= (A) lhfer æL( fookn (Limited

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1652

70.

86.

87.

88.

89.

90.

91.

92.

93.

94.

95.

∏jkT; O;fDr ls ig¥s gSπ ;g d`ƒu gS% (A) I¥sVks d`k (B) vjLrw d`k (C) xkuZj d`k (D) eSd`kboj d`k ;g d`ƒu fd`ld`k gS fd` ∏^kÎ`frd` voLƒk eÍ thou ,d`kd`h] nfjnz] vifo(] vl˙; (Brutish) vkSj ”f.d` ƒkπ`= (A) gkWCl (B) ¥kWd` (C) Ôlks (D) eSfd`;kos¥h fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls ld`kjkRed` LorU(rk d`k leƒZd` d`kSu gS`= (A) Vh\ ,p\ xzhu (B) d`k¥Z ekDlZ (C) ts\ ,l\ fe¥ (D) ,p\ ¥kLd`h fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk jktuhfrd` n¥ d`k d`k;Z ugÓ gS`= (A) jktuhfrd` lekthd`j. (B) ¥ksxkÍ ds` O;ogkj d`ks fu;fU(r d`juk (C) fgr LoÔihd`j. (D) fgr lkewghd`j. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lus thou ds` vf|d`kj d`ks] LorU(rk ds` vf|d`kj d`ks vkSj lEif® ds` vf|d`kj d`ks ^kÎ`frd` vf|d`kj ekuk gS`= (A) gkWCl us (B) ¥kWd` us (C) Ôlks us (D) fe¥ us fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lus ∏mPprj }kjk fuEurj d`ks fn, x, vknsæ d`ksπ d`kuwu d`h ifjHk"k nh gS`= (A) cksfnu (B) vkWfLVu (C) Mk;lh (D) czkbl fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls ;g fopkj fd`ld`k gS fd` lekurk v^kÎ`frd` ,oa vokaNuh; gS`= (A) I¥sVks (B) vjLrw (C) xka|h (D) ¥kLd`h ∏jkT; d`k vk|kj bPNk gS] æfDr ugÓ\π ;s æCn gß% (A) vjLrw ds` (B) ghx¥ ds` (C) xzhu ds` (D) fe¥ ds` ¥ksd` ^Hql®k (Popular sovereignty) d`k fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu ^friknd` gS`= (A) cksfnu (B) vkWfLVu (C) gkWCl (D) Ôlks vkWfLVu us ^Hql®k d`k fl*kUr viuh iqLrd`%

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1653

(A)

96.

97.

98.

99.

¥SDplZ vkWu T;wjl^wMSUl eÍ fn;k gS (B) Vw fV_V_hlst vkWu xouZesUV eÍ fn;k gS (C) Mh fjifC¥d`k eÍ fn;k gS (D) xzkej vkWœ` ikWf¥fVDl eÍ fn;k gS fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls ‘Aspects of Political Development’ d`k ¥s[d` d`kSu gS`= (A) ¥qbZlu ikbZ (B) MsfoM bZLVu (C) ¥kLd`h (D) MsfoM ,iVj gjcVZ ekSfjlu ds` vuqlkj ukSd`jækgh (Bureaucracy) nsu gS% (A) jktrU( (Monarchy) d`h (B) la?okn (Federalism) d`h (C) rkukækgh (Dictatorship) d`h (D) lalnh; ¥ksd`rU( d`h laj”d` ukSd`jækgh (Patronage bureaucracy) d`k ijEijkxr ?j/ nsæ gS% (A) phu (B) vejhd`k (C) Hkjr (D) bax¥S≥M eSDl oscj ds` ukSd`jækgh ds` fl*kUr d`h fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh foæs"rk ugÓ gS`= (A) inlksiku (Hierarchy) (B) d`k;Z-foHktu (Division of work) (C) inksUufr (Promotion) (D) ækld` ds` ^fr opuc*rk

100.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lus ^Hql®k d`k lcls lqO;ofLƒr fl*kUr fn;k gS`= (A) xzksfl;l (B) cksfnu (C) vkWfLVu (D) ¥kWd`

m®j O;k“;k lfgr 1.

(C)

2. (C) 3. (A)

6. 8.

(C) (C)

7. (D)

4. (C)

5. (B)

d`kuwu ds` le” lekurk d`k vf|d`kj ,d` ukxfjd` vf|d`kj gS\ 9. (C) frCcr ,d` jkT; ugÓ gS] D;kÍfd` mlds` ikl jkT; d`k lcls egRoiw.Z rÂo lE^Hqrk ugÓ gS\ ;»fi frCcr eÍ jkT; ds ` vU; rhu rÂo%ljd`kj] fuf'pr Hw-Hkx o tula“;k fo»eku gS\

10. (B) 13. (B)

11. (D)

12. (D)

ekDlZ d`h iqLrd` ‘d`E;wfuLV eSuhœs`LVks’ d`k ig¥k okD; gS%∏vc rd` ds` ekuo thou d`k bfrgkl oxZ la?"Z d`k bfrgkl gS\π 14. (D) lkoZtfud` in ^kIr d`jus d`k vf|d`kj jktuhfrd` vf|d`kjkÍ d`h Js.h eÍ vkrk gS\

15. (B) 16. (D)

¥sfuu }kjk vk;ksftr 1917 d`h Ôlh ∂`kfUr ekDlZ ds` fopkjkÍ ij vk|kfjr fo'o d`h ^ƒe lœ`¥ lkekftd` ∂`kfUr ƒh\ bl ∂`kfUr ds` }kjk Ôl eÍ ^ƒe lektoknh O;oLƒk d`h Lƒkiuk gqbZ\

17. (D) 18. (D) 19. ( D ) ,d` ^eq [ ^o~ f ® ds ` Ôi oS'ohd`j. 20oÓ ærkCnh ds` m®jk|Z

eÍ d`h vo|kj.k gS\ ekDlZ ds` le; ;g |kj.k ^pf¥r ugÓ ƒh\ 20. (C) ig¥h ckj iapk;rh jkt O;oLƒk d`h æqÔvkr jktLƒku ds` ukxkSj ft¥s eÍ usgÔ }kjk 2 vDVwcj] 1959 d`ks d`h x;h ƒh\ mlh o"Z vkU|z ^nsæ eÍ Hh iapk;rh jkt d`k æqHkjEH gqvk\ ;g iapk;rh jkt O;oLƒk c¥oUr jk; esgrk d`esVh] 1957 d`h laLrqfr;kÍ ij vk|kfjr ƒh\ 21. (C) 22. (D)

Hkjr eÍ lalnh;-^.k¥h d`ks viuk;k x;k gS\ ;gk∑ jkT; d`k v÷;” jkÆV_ifr gS rƒk æklu d`k v÷;” ^|kuea(h gS\

23. (B) 24. (D) 25. (A) 26. (C) f}lnukRed`rk ds` vUrxZr

fo|kf;d`k ds` nks lnu gksrs gß\ la?kRed` O;oLƒk eÍ fo|kf;d`k ds` mPp lnu eÍ jkT;kÍ ·^kUrkÍ‚ ds` ^frfuf| gksrs gß\

27. (D) 28. (D)

¥qfl;u ikbZ ds` vuqlkj] jktuhfrd` fod`kl rhu rÂokÍ%jktuhfrd` ^f∂`;k eÍ lekurk d`h ek(k] jktuhfr O;oLƒk d`h ”erk rƒk jktuhfrd` laLƒkvkÍ d`k foHsnhd`j. ds` e÷; vUr#f∂`;k d`k ifj.ke gS\ 29. (B) ‘fod`kl œ`Uns’ d`h |kj.k ≠s`M fjXl }kjk nh x;h gS ftld`k rkRi;Z jktuhfrd` fod`kl d`h ^f∂`;k eÍ lekurk o jktuhfrd` O;oLƒk d`h ”erk ds` e÷; vlUrq¥u d`h fLƒfr ls gS\ 30. (A) 32. (B)

31. (B)

33. (D)

34. (B)

Hkjr ljd`kj vf|fu;e 1935 }kjk la?h; U;k;k¥; d`h lekfIr ugÓ ojuΩ bld`h Lƒkiuk d`k ^ko|ku fd`;k x;k ƒk\ ;»fi vf|fu;e 1935 ds` la?h; ^ko|ku d`Hh ¥kxw ugÓ fd`, tk lds`\ ;g Hh ÷;ku nsus ;ksX; gS fd` ds`Unz eÍ f}lnukRed` O;oLƒkfid`k d`k ^ko|ku lcls ig¥s 1919 ds` vf|fu;e }kjk fd`;k x;k ƒk\ 1935 ds` vf|fu;e }kjk ig¥h ckj ^kUrkÍ eÍ f}lnukRed` O;oLƒkfid`k d`k ^ko|ku fd`;k x;k ƒk\ 35. (B)

36. (B)

jkÆV_ifr viuk R;kxi( mijkÆV_ifr d`ks lkßirk gS rƒk mijkÆV_ifr viuk R;kxi( jkÆV_ifr d`ks\ 37. (D) MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn d`ks 1946 eÍ lafo|ku lHk d`k v÷;” pquk x;k ƒk]

æs" i~ÆB 1668 ij

m®j ^nsæ ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx ^k\ ijh”k ·foæs"‚] 28-12-2008 d`k g¥ ^'u-i(

14.

jktuhfr foKku 01.

02.

03.

04.

05.

06.

07.

fd`ls ‘xzS≥M vksYM eSu vkWœ` bf≥M;k’ ds` Ôi eÍ tkuk tkrk gS= (A) nknkHkbZ ukSjksth (B) egkRek xka|h (C) ck¥ xaxk|j fr¥d` (D) ds`æo pUnz lsu 1857 ds` iwoZ Hkjr eÍ fczfVæ æklu d`ks ‘fo÷oalkRed` ,oa iruksUeq[h’ fd`lus crk;k ƒk= (A) jktk jkeeksgu jk; (B) nknkHkbZ ukSjksth (C) d`k¥Z ekDlZ (D) lqjsUnz ukƒ cuthZ Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl us fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l vf|osæu eÍ ‘Hkjr NksÈMks’ ^Lrko ikfjr fd`;k ƒk= (A) 1927 ds` enzkl vf|osæu eÍ (B) 1929 ds` ¥kgkSj vf|osæu eÍ (C) 1942 ds` cEcbZ vf|osæu eÍ (D) 1946 ds` cEcbZ vf|osæu eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls ,d` ncko lewgkÍ d`h rd`uhd` ugÓ gS% (A) ¥kW¯cx (B) gÈMrk¥ (C) ?sjko (D) ,d` fopkj|kjk d`k ^lkj Hkjr ds` egkU;k;oknh d`ks% (A) laln fuokZfpr d`jrh gS (B) jkÆV_ifr }kjk fu;qâ` fd`;k tkrk gS (C) laln d`h flœ`kfjæ ij jkÆV_ifr }kjk euksuhr fd`;k tkrk gS (D) Hkjr ds` eq“; U;k;k|hæ ds` ijkeæZ ij jkÆV_ifr }kjk euksuhr fd`;k tkrk gS fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu ækL(h; O;fâ`okn d`k ^frfuf| ugÓ gS= (A) tkWu LVqvVZ fe¥ (B) ,Me fLeƒ (C) gjcVZ LisUlj (D) uksjeu ,Uts¥ U;kf;d` leh”k nækZrh gS fd` loksZPp U;k;k¥;% (A) lHh laoS|kfud` eke¥kÍ ds` lEcU| eÍ vfUre ^kf|d`kj j[rk gS (B) Hkjr ds` jkÆV_ifr ij egkfH;ksx ¥xk ld`rk gS (C) jkT; ds` fd`lh d`kuwu d`ks vlaoS|kfud` ?ksf"r d`j ld`rk gS (D) mPp U;k;k¥; }kjk ftu eke¥kÍ ij fu.Z; fn, x, gkÍ] mud`h leh”k d`j ld`rk gS

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1654

08.

d`kSu bl fopkj d`k vxz.h gS fd` forj.kRed` lekurk d`ks ¥ksxkÍ d`h lkeF;Z leku d`jus ls lEcfU|r gksuk pkfg,= (A) ekbd`¥ okYtj (B) tkWu jkYl (C) jksukYM nksjfd`u (D) veR;Z lsu 09. lwph I d`ks lwph II ls lqes¥ d`hft, rƒk lwfp;kÍ ds` uhps fn, x, dw`V d`k ^;ksx d`jrs gq, lgh m®j d`k p;u d`hft,% lwph I (a) ^tkra( d`k ækL(h; fl*kUr (b) ^tkra( d`k uo mnkjoknh fl*kUr (c) ^tkra( d`k vfHtu fl*kUr (d) ^tkra( d`k vkuqHfod` fl*kUr lwph II 1. eSDœ`lZu 2. tkWu LVqvVZ fe¥ 3. tkslsœ` æwEihVj 4. fepsYl dw`V # (A) (B) (C) (D) 10.

(a) 1 4 3 2

(b) 2 1 2 3

(c) 3 2 1 4

(d) 4 3 4 1

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

d`kSu lafo|ku d`ks ‘æfâ` lEcU|kÍ d`h vkRed`ƒk’ ekurk gS= (A) czkbl (B) gjeu œ`kbuj (C) Mk;lh (D) ¥kos¥ 20. 11. d`kaxzsl ds` ^kjfEHd` chl o"ksÛ eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lus rhu ckj Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl ds` v÷;” d`k d`k;Z fd`;k= (A) lqjsUnz ukƒ cuthZ (B) nknkHkbZ ukSjksth (C) xksik¥Î`Æ. xks[¥s (D) ,l\ uk;j 12. vjLrw ds` vuqlkj ljd`kj d`k loksZ®e 21. ^d`kj ƒk% (A) oxZra( (B) ikWf¥Vh (C) ^tkra( (D) vf|uk;d` ra( 13. ekm≥V cSVu ;kstuk vk|kj cuh% 22. (A) fczfVæ æklu d`h fujUrjrk d`k (B) l®k ds` gLrkarj. d`k (C) nsæ ds` foHktu d`k (D) lkE^nkf;d` leL;k ds` funku d`k

lafo|ku ds` 73oÍ laæks|u vf|fu;e 1993 ds` vUrxZr iapk;rh jkt O;oLƒk fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l ij ¥kxw ugÓ gksxh= (A) uxk¥S≥M] es?k¥;] fetksje (B) N®hlxÈ<] m®jkap¥] >kj[≥M (C) m®j ^nsæ] fcgkj] jktLƒku (D) d`ukZVd`] rfe¥ukMq] mÈMhlk U;k;k|hækÍ ds` osru ,oa isUæu lEcU|h ^ko|ku Hkjrh; lafo|ku ds` fd`l Hkx eÍ micfU|r gß= (A) vuqPNsn 124 (B) vuqPNsn 128 (C) f}rh; lwph (D) prqƒZ lwph Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl d`h ^ƒe efg¥k v÷;” d`kSu ƒh= (A) Jherh ljksftuh uk;Mw (B) Jherh ,uh csls≥V (C) Jherh fot;¥{eh if≥Mr (D) Jherh bfUnjk xka|h la? d`h lœ`¥rk ds` f¥, fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk vko';d` gS= (A) HkSxksf¥d` la¥Xurk (B) fgrkÍ d`h lekurk (C) leqfpr lalk|u (D) mi;qZâ` lHh fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l vf|fu;e }kjk Hkjr eÍ la? æklu ^.k¥h ^Lrkfor d`h xbZ ƒh= (A) ifj"nΩ vf|fu;e] vuqPNsn 1861 (B) Hkjr ljd`kj vf|fu;e] 1935 (C) Hkjr ljd`kj vf|fu;e] 1919 (D) Hkjrh; Lora(rk vf|fu;e] 1947 fuEuf¥f[r vf|fu;ekÍ eÍ ls fd`lus Hkjr eÍ i~ƒdΩ` lkE^nkf;d` fuokZpu d`k ^kfo|ku fd`;k= (A) Hkjrh; ifj"nΩ vf|fu;e] 1861 (B) Hkjrh; ifj"nΩ vf|fu;e] 1892 (C) Hkjrh; ifj"nΩ vf|fu;e] 1909 (D) Hkjr ljd`kj vf|fu;e] 1919 vlg;ksx vkUnks¥u ds` d`k;Z∂`ekÍ eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` lfEef¥r ugÓ ƒk= (A) fonsæh oLrqvkÍ d`k cfgÆd`kj (B) U;k;k¥;kÍ d`k cfgÆd`kj (C) d`kuwukÍ d`h voekuuk (D) Hkjr ljd`kj vf|fu;e] 1919 ds` vUrxZr fuokZpukÍ d`k cfgÆd`kj fd`l o"Z d`kaxzsl vkSj eqfL¥e ¥hx ds` chp ¥[u˜ le>kSrs ij gLrk”j gq, ƒs= (A) 1916 eÍ (B) 1923 eÍ (C) 1928 eÍ (D) 1930 eÍ ,d`ek( d`kaxzsl–vf|osæu tks egkRek xka|h d`h v÷;”rk eÍ gqvk og fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l txg lEiUu gqvk ƒk= (A) cs¥xk∑o] 1924 (B) enzkl] 1927

(C) (D)

d`¥d`®k] 1928 d`jkph] 1931 23. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk fo"; leorhZ lwph d`k gS= (A) iqf¥l (B) vkijkf|d` eke¥s (C) jsfM;ks vkSj Vs¥hfotu (D) fonsæh eke¥s 24. Hkjr ljd`kj ds` f¥, fgUnh Hk"k d`k fod`kl gS% (A) ,d` jktuhfrd` ^frc*rk (B) ,d` lkaLÎ`frd` ^frc*rk (C) ,d` laoS|kfud` ^frc*rk (D) ,d` |kfeZd` ^frc*rk 25. lwph I d`ks lwph I I ds` lkFk lqesf¥r d`hft, rƒk lwfp;kÍ ds` uhps fn, x, dw`V d`k ^;ksx d`jrs gq, lgh m®j d`k p;u d`hft,% lwph I ·¥s[d`‚ (a) MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn (b) egkRek xka|h (c) ekS¥kuk ,\ ds`\ vktkn (d) lqHk" pUnz cksl lwph II ·iqLrdÍ`‚ 1. ∏;ax bf≥M;kπ 2. ∏,sV fn œ`hV vkWœ` egkRek xka|hπ 3. ∏fn bf≥M;u LV_x¥π 4. ∏bf≥M;k foUl ≠`hMeπ dw`V # (A) (B) (C) (D) 26.

(a) 1 2 3 2

(b) 2 1 2 4

(c) 3 4 4 1

(d) 4 3 1 3

lwph I d`ks lwph I I ds` lkFk lqesf¥r d`hft, rƒk lwfp;kÍ ds` uhps fn, x, dw`V d`k ^;ksx d`jrs gq, lgh m®j d`k p;u d`hft,% lwph I (a) vlg;ksx vkUnks¥u (b) ¥[u˜ iSDV ·le>kSrk‚ (c) caxk¥ d`k foHktu (d) lfou; voKk vkUnks¥u lwph II 1. 3.

1916 1930

28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

2. 1905 4. 1920

dw`V # (A) (B) (C) (D) 27.

(a) 2 4 3 1

(b) 1 1 4 3

(c) 3 2 1 2

(d) 4 3 2 4

lafo|ku ds` vUrxZr ew¥ vf|d`kjkÍ d`k laj”d` d`kSu gS= (A) laln (B) jkÆV_ifr (C) U;k;ikf¥d`k (D) eaf(e≥M¥

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1655

34.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu ,d` jktuhfrd` Lora(rk ugÓ gS= (A) ernku d`h Lora(rk (B) fopj. d`h Lora(rk (C) ljd`kj d`h uhfr;kÍ d`h vk¥kspuk d`h Lora(rk (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ Hkjr eÍ ‘æks". ds` fo:* vf|d`kj’ eÍ fufgr gS% (A) ekuo O;kikj d`k fu"s| rƒk csxkj (B) [rjukd` O;olk;kÍ eÍ ck¥Je d`k fu"s| (C) mi;qZâ` nksukÍ (D) mi;qZâ` eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ck¥ xaxk|j fr¥d` }kjk Lƒkfir ‘gkse Ô¥ ¥hx’ d`k bueÍ ls d`kSu ^ƒe v÷;” ƒk= (A) ck¥ xaxk|j fr¥d` Lo;a (B) ¥k¥k ¥ktir jk; (C) tkslsœ` csifVLVk (D) ,uh cslÍV fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` mijkÆV_ifr ds` ckjs eÍ lgh ugÓ gS= (A) og viuk R;kxi( jkÆV_ifr d`ks ns ld`rk gS (B) og jkT;lHk ds` cgqer ls ikfjr ^Lrko }kjk gVk;k tk ld`rk gS (C) jkT;lHk }kjk mijkÆV_ i fr d`ks gVkus lEcU|h ikfjr ^Lrko ij ¥ksd`lHk d`h vo'; lgefr gksuh pkfg, (D) og viuk d`k;kZ¥; in d`h vof| lekIr gksus ds` rRd`k¥ ckn NksÈMsxk ,d` la?h; ^.k¥h eÍ ds`Unz ljd`kj d`ks ^n® æfâ`;kÍ d`h x.uk lafo|ku d`jrk gS rƒkfi dq`N fufgr æfâ`;k∑ Hh gksrh gß\ fufgr æfâ`;kÍ d`k fl*kUr fd`lds` }kjk ^frikfnr fd`;k x;k ƒk= (A) Hkjr ds` loksZPp U;k;k¥; }kjk (B) vejhd`h loksZPp U;k;k¥; }kjk (C) ljd`kfj;k vk;ksx }kjk (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls d`ksbZ Hh ugÓ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls ,d` d`kSu ew¥ d`®ZO; ugÓ gS= (A) jkÆV_h; vkUnks¥u d`ks ^sfjr d`jus ok¥s mPp vknæksÛ d`ks ≤n; eÍ latksuk ,oa mud`k ik¥u d`juk (B) ¥ksd` ^frfuf|;kÍ d`k lEeku d`juk (C) jkÆV_ d`h lsok d`juk (D) N# ls pkSng o"Z ds` vius cPps d`ks fæ”k ds` volj ^nku d`juk 20 vxLr] 1917 ds` lq|kjkÍ d`h ?ks".k d`ks tkuk tkrk gS% (A) ekaVsX;w ?ks".k ds` uke ls (B) eks¥sZ ?ks".k ds` uke ls (C) feUVks ?ks".k ds` uke ls (D) psElœ`ksMZ ?ks".k ds` uke ls

35.

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43.

ftl lafo|ku–laæks|u ls ukxfjd`kÍ ds` ‘lEif® ds` vf|d`kj’ d`k ew¥kf|d`kjkÍ d`h lwph ls fuÆd`klu fd`;k x;k] og gS% (A) c;kf¥lok∑ laæks|u (B) rßrk¥hlok∑ laæks|u (C) pkSok¥hlok∑ laæks|u (D) ißrk¥hlok∑ laæks|u fo|kulHk ds` lnL;kÍ d`h fujgZrkvkÍ ls lEcfU|r ^'ukÍ ij vfUre fofu'p; fd`lds` }kjk f¥;k tkrk gS= (A) eq“;ea(h }kjk (B) jkT;ik¥ }kjk (C) mPp U;k;k¥; ds` ^|ku U;k;k|hæ }kjk (D) fo|ku lHk ds` v÷;” }kjk xzke iapk;r vius lHh d`k;ksÛ ds` f¥,% (A) ljiap ds` ^fr m®jnk;h gS (B) xzkelHk ds` ^fr m®jnk;h gS (C) ”s( lfefr ds` ^fr m®jnk;h gS (D) ft¥kf|d`kjh ds` ^fr m®jnk;h gS Hkjr ,d` x.jkT; gS] D;kÍfd`% (A) fo|kf;d`k d`k;Zikf¥d`k ls vf|d` æfâ`æk¥h gS (B) Hkjr ,d` ¥ksd`ra(h; nsæ gS (C) ds`Unz vkSj jkT;kÍ ds` chp æfâ`;kÍ d`k foHktu gS (D) Hkjr eÍ jkT;k÷;” ·jkÆV_ifr‚ d`k fuokZpu gksrk gS o"Z 2003 eÍ xksj[kvkÍ d`ks fiNÈMs oxZ d`k Lrj fd`l ^nsæ eÍ ^nku fd`;k x;k= (A) m®j ^nsæ eÍ (B) vka|z ^nsæ eÍ (C) egkjkÆV_ eÍ (D) m®jk[≥M eÍ egkRek xka|h us oY¥H HkbZ iVs¥ d`ks ‘ljnkj’ d`h mikf| mud`h cÈMh laxBu ”erk ds` d`kj. fd`l vkUnks¥u eÍ nh ƒh= (A) [sÈMk lR;kxzg eÍ (B) ckjnks¥h lR;kxzg eÍ (C) ued` lR;kxzg eÍ (D) O;fâ`xr lR;kxzg eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh ;kstuk lafo|ku lHk ds` laxBu d`k vk|kj ƒh= (A) lkbeu vk;ksx ·;kstuk‚ (B) dS`fcusV feæu ;kstuk (C) f∂`Il ^Lrko (D) oSo¥ ;kstuk fuEukafd`r eÍ ls fd`l jkT; d`h O;oLƒkfid`k eÍ f}rh; lnu ugÓ gS= (A) rfe¥ukMq (B) m®j ^nsæ (C) d`ukZVd` (D) fcgkj fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSu] jkT; lHk d`k lnL; gksrs gq, Hh ¥ksd` lHk d`h d`k;Zokgh eÍ Hkx ¥s ld`rk gS= (A) jkT; lHk d`k euksuhr ·ukekafd`r‚ lnL; tks vius ”s( d`k foæs"K gks (B) jkT; lHk d`k milHkifr

(C) (D)

ea(h tks jkT; lHk d`k lnL; gks (C) d`kuiqj "M;U( eqd`nek%1924 jkT; lHk eÍ lnu d`k usrk (D) esjB "M;U( eqd`nek% 1926 44. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` ^kfo|ku 53. d`kSu ‘ikoj ,¥hV’ uked` xzaƒ d`k ¥s[d` Hkjrh; lafo|ku ds` vUrxZr laln ds` gS= lnL;kÍ ds` foæs"kf|d`kjkÍ rƒk mUeqfâ`;kÍ (A) tsEl cuZge d`ks fu|kZfjr d`jrk gS= (B) gsjkYM ¥klos¥ (A) vuqPNsn 104 (B) vuqPNsn 105 (C) xSfcz;¥ vke≥M (C) vuqPNsn 82 (D) vuqPNsn 117 (D) lh\ jkbV feYl 45. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk fo"; Hkjrh; lafo|ku d`h ‘la? lwph’ ls lEcfU|r ugÓ 54. ‘vk;Z lekt’ d`k laLƒkid` d`kSu ƒk= (A) Lokeh n;kuUn gS= (B) Lokeh foosd`kuUn (A) j”k (B) fonsæ eke¥s (C) Lokeh jkeÎ`Æ. (C) js¥os (D) Î`f" (D) Lokeh d`jik(h th 46. m®j ^nsæ d`h fo|ku ifj"nΩ eÍ jkT;ik¥ 55. ‘Lojkt ikVhZ’ d`k laLƒkid` v÷;” d`kSu }kjk fd`rus lnL;kÍ d`ks euksuhr fd`;k ƒk= tkrk gS= (A) xks[¥s (B) fr¥d` 1 (A) dq`¥ lnL;kÍ d`k 10 (C) lh\vkj\ nkl (D) ih\vkj\ nkl 1 56. ‘fgUn Lojkt’ uked` iqLrd` ds` jpf;rk (B) dq`¥ lnL;kÍ d`k 8 gß% 1 (A) ¥k¥k ¥ktir jk; (C) dq`¥ lnL;kÍ d`k 7 (B) egkRek xka|h 1 (D) dq`¥ lnL;kÍ d`k (C) MkW\ jktsUnz ^lkn 6 (D) if≥Mr enu eksgu ek¥oh; 47. ”s(h; ifj"nÍ% 57. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l Hk"k eÍ æCn (A) fof| fuekZ.d`kjh bd`kb;k∑ gß ‘LVsVl’ ftlls æCn ‘LVsV’ mRiUu gqvk (B) ijkeæZnk(h bd`kb;k∑ gß gS] ^ƒer# ^;qâ` gqvk gS= (C) ^ækld`h; bd`kb;k∑ gß (A) xzhd` (B) teZu (D) mi;qZâ` lHh (C) VΩ;wVksfud` (D) baxf¥æ ·vaxzsth‚ 48. Hkjrh; lafo|ku ds` vuqPNsn 16 ds` fd`l 58. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l ,d` æCn d`k [≥M ds` vUrxZr fiNÈMs oxksÛ ds` f¥, ^;ksx gkWCl }kjk jkT; d`ks bafxr d`jus vkj”. d`k ^ko|ku gS= ds` f¥, fd`;k x;k gS= (A) [≥M (1) (B) [≥M (2) (A) d`kWeuosYƒ (B) fjifC¥d` (C) [≥M (3) (D) [≥M (4) (C) d`E;wfuVh (D) LVsVks 49. fd`lh ^kar ds` jkT;ik¥ d`ks% 59. jkT; mPpre uSfrd`rk d`k ^frfuf|Ro (A) d`ksbZ foosd`kf|d`kj ugÓ gS d`jrk gS] ;g fd`ld`k er gS= (B) cgqr O;kid` foosd`kf|d`kj gS (A) cksnk∑ (B) d`k≥V (C) dq`N fuf'pr eke¥kÍ eÍ foosd`kf|d`kj (C) d`k¥Z ekDlZ (D) gkWCl ·foæs"kf|d`kj‚ gß 60. lE^Hqrk ds` fl*kUr d`ks fod`flr d`jus (D) mi;qZâ` eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ok¥k ^ƒe fopkjd` d`kSu ƒk= 50. fd`lus lE^Hq®k d`ks ∏jkT; d`h loksZPp (A) vjLrw (B) cksnk∑ bPNkπ ds` Ôi eÍ ifjHkf"r fd`;k gS= (C) gkWCl (D) vkWfLVu (A) fo¥ksch (B) ¥kLd`h 61. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu ,d` lgh gS= (C) xzkslæ (D) xkuZj (A) oS|kfud` lE^Hqrk lnk fuf'pr ugÓ 51. Hkjrh; rƒk vejhd`h la?h; O;oLƒk eÍ gksrh gS ,d` ^eq[ Hsn ·vUrj‚ gS fd`% (B) oS|kfud` lE^Hqrk jktuhfrd` lE^Hq (A) jkT;kÍ vkSj la? ds` vf|d`kj ”s( d`h bPNk ds` fo:* d`k;Z d`j ld`rk gS ·”s(kf|d`kj‚ LiÆV Ôi ls fu|kZfjr gß (C) oS|kfud` lE^Hqrk vf|d`kjkÍ d`ks ugÓ (B) f¥f[r lafo|ku gS ekurh (C) ukxfjd`kÍ ds` ew¥kf|d`kj fn, x, gß (D) oS|kfud` lE^Hq jktuhfrd` lE^Hq d`h bPNk ds` fo:* d`k;Z ugÓ d`j ld`rk (D) vejhd`h lhusV eÍ jkT;kÍ d`ks leku ^frfuf|Ro ^kIr gS] tcfd` Hkjr d`h 62. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk d`ƒu lgh jkT; lHk d`ks ^kIr ugÓ gS ugÓ gS= (A) jkT; vewrZ rƒk ljd`kj ewrZ gS 52. fuEuf¥f[r ;qXekÍ eÍ ls d`kSu lqesf¥r (B) lekt jkT; ls O;kid` gS ugÓ gS= (C) ljd`kj jkT; d`h vfHd`rkZ gS (A) vlsEc¥h ce eqd`nek%1929 (B) d`kd`ksjh eqd`nek%1925 (D) jkT; d`h lnL;rk ,sfPNd` gS

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1656

63.

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66.

67.

68.

69.

70.

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fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ls ‘iaƒ fujis” jkT;’ d`gk tk,xk= (A) tks jkT; |eZ–fojks|h gks (B) tks jkT; v|kfeZd` gks (C) og jkT; ftld`k d`ksbZ |eZ u gks rƒk tks |eZ ds` vk|kj ij HsnHko u d`jrk gks (D) og jkT; tks lHh |eksÛ d`ks jkT; d`k |eZ ?ksf"r d`jrk gks ftl jktuhfrd` nkæZfud` us loZ^ƒe jktuhfr ækL( eÍ vk|qfud` jkT; d`h vo|kj.k d`ks ^Lrqr fd`;k] og ƒk% (A) I¥sVks (B) vjLrww (C) eSfd`;ko¥h (D) gkWCl la? Ykksd` lsok vk;ksx viuk okf"Zd` ^frosnu fd`ls nsrk gS= (A) laln d`ks (B) ^|kuea(h d`ks (C) jkÆV_ifr d`ks (D) ¥ksd` lHk ds` v÷;” d`ks lE^Hqrk ds` foHktu ds` i”|j gß% (A) O;ogkjoknh (B) cgq¥oknh (C) ekDlZoknh (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ld`k fopkj gS fd` lE^Hqrk bZ'ojh; rƒk ^kÎ`frd` d`kuwukÍ ls lhfer gS= (A) cksnk∑ (B) ¥kWd`` (C) gkWCl (D) Ôlks cgq¥oknh fpUrd` lkekU;r;k jkT; d`ks fuEuf¥f[r ,d` Ôi eÍ O;â` d`jrs gß% (A) leqnk;kÍ d`k leqnk; (B) ,d` neud`kjh ;a( (C) loZæfâ`eku laLƒk (D) ,slh laLƒk ftleÍ lE^Hqrk vfoHkT; jgrh gS ds`Unz eÍ jkÆV_ifr æklu ¥kxw fd`;k tk ld`rk gS% (A) ckÌ vkikrd`k¥hu fLƒfr eÍ (B) vkarfjd` vkikrd`k¥hu fLƒfr eÍ (C) ckÌ ,oa vkarfjd` vkikrd`k¥hu fLƒfr eÍ (D) fd`lh Hh le; ij ugÓ ‘fc;k≥M fn os¥œs`;j LVsV’ ds` ¥s[d` gß% (A) jkWcVZ ukWftd` (B) Mh\ ,¥\ gkWceSu (C) xqUukj feMZ¥ (D) tkWu xq≥Vj vkWfLVu us lE^Hqrk ds` fl*kUr d`k ^friknu fd`;k viuh iqLrd`% (A) ‘æklu ij nks fucU|’ eÍ (B) ‘fof|ækL( ij O;k“;ku’ eÍ (C) ‘laLƒkvkÍ ds` ^kjfEHd` bfrgkl’ eÍ (D) ‘vk|qfud` jkT;’ eÍ

72.

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78.

79.

jkT; ds` ,sfrgkfld` fod`kl d`k d`kSulk ∂`e lgh gS= (A) iwohZ jkT;] lkeUrh jkT;] jkseu lkezkT;] jkÆV_ jkT; (B) lkeUrh jkT;] iwohZ jkT;] jkseu lkezkT;] jkÆV_ jkT; (C) iwohZ jkT;] jkseu lkezkT;] lkeUrh lkezkT;] jkÆV_ jkT; (D) jkseu lkezkT;] iwohZ jkT;] jkÆV_ jkT;] lkeUrh jkT; fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu jkT; ugÓ gS= (A) ≠`k∑l (B) vkLV_sf¥;k (C) xk∑fc;k (D) U;w;kdZ` ∏jkT; i~Foh ij bZ'oj d`k vorj. gS\π ;g d`ƒu gS% (A) cksnk∑ d`k (B) ghxs¥ d`k (C) ¥kLd`h d`k (D) ts\ ,l\ fe¥ d`k fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSuls oDrO; jktuhfrd` n¥kÍ ds` ckjs eÍ lgh gß= vius m®j d`k p;u uhps fn, x, dw`V d`ks lgk;rk ls d`hft,% 1. n¥ jktuhfrd` ^f∂`;k d`k ,d`hd`j.] lj¥hd`j. ,oa fLƒjhd`j. d`jrs gß\ 2. n¥ jktuhfrd` usr~Ro d`h HrhZ d`jrs gß\ 3. n¥ fopkjkÍ ds` n¥k¥ d`k d`ke d`jrs gß\ 4. n¥ lkE^nkf;d` eqˆkÍ ls ijgst d`jrs gß\ dw`V # (A) 1, 2 vkSj 4 (B) 1, 2 vkSj 3 (C) 1, 3 vkSj 4 (D) 1 vkSj 4 uo ^R;;okn d`k ^friknd` d`kSu ugÓ gS= (A) Vh\ ,p\ xzhu (B) ckstkds` (C) d`k≥V (D) czSM¥s Hkjr d`k ^|kuea(h% (A) fuokZfpr gksrk gS (B) p;fur gksrk gS (C) euksuhr gksrk gS (D) fu;qâ` gksrk gS Hkjr eÍ ;kstuk vk;ksx d`k ‘insu lHkifr’ d`kSu gS= (A) jkÆV_ifr (B) ^|kuea(h (C) fof| ea(h (D) ¥ksd`lHk d`k v÷;” fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls ,d` eq“;ea(h d`k jkT;ik¥ ds` ^fr d`®ZO; ugÓ gS= (A) vius n¥ d`h uhfr;kÍ ds` ckjs eÍ lwfpr d`juk (B) eaf(ifj"nΩ ds` lHh fofu'p;kÍ d`ks lwfpr d`juk (C) ^æklu lEcU|h lw p ukvkÍ d`h tkud`kjh nsuk (D) fo|ku fo";d` ^LƒkiukvkÍ ds` ckjs eÍ lwfpr d`juk

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1657

80.

81.

82.

83.

84.

85.

86.

87.

88.

89.

lafonkokfn;kÍ eÍ d`kSu jkT; d`ks ^kÎ`frd` vf|d`kjkÍ ls lhfer ekurk gS= (A) gkWCl (B) ¥kWd` (C) Ôlks (D) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ;g fd`ld`k er ƒk fd` ækld`kÍ d`ks lEif® d`k Lokeh ugÓ gksuk pkfg,= (A) lqd`jkr d`k (B) I¥sVks d`k (C) vjLrw d`k (D) lUr ƒkWel ,Dohukl d`k fuEukafd`r eÍ ls d`kSu vke≥M ds` ncko lewgkÍ ds` oxhZd`j. eÍ lfEef¥r ugÓ gS= (A) lajpukRed` lewg (B) laLƒkRed` lewg (C) leqnk;kRed` lewg (D) v^frekuh lewg ¥kWd` us fd`l fl*kUr d`k leƒZu fd`;k= (A) vlhfer lE^Hqrk d`k (B) lhfer lE^Hqrk d`k (C) fcuk lE^Hqrk d`k jkT; (D) lkekU; lad`Yi ·lkekU; bPNk‚ d`h lE^Hqrk fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu lqesf¥r ugÓ gS= (A) xkuZj % ikWf¥fVd`¥ lkbal ,≥M xouZes≥V (B) czkbZl % ekWMuZ fMeks∂s`lht (C) fl¥s % fn fƒ;jh vkWœ` fn LVsV (D) eSd`kboj % fn ekWMuZ LVsV mnkjokn d`k vkfƒZd` vkSfpR; fd`lds` }kjk ^Lrqr fd`;k x;k= (A) tkWu ¥kWd` (B) Vh\ ,p\ xzhu (C) ts\ ,l\ fe¥ (D) ,Me fLeƒ tkWu ¥kWd` d`ks fczfVæ ∂`kfUr d`k fl*kUroknh ekuk tkrk gS rƒk mld`k jktuhfrd` næZu vk|kjfæ¥k j[rk gS% (A) l®koknh jkT; ds` fl*kUr d`h (B) iaƒ fujis” jkT; ds` fl*kUr d`h (C) mnkjoknh jkT; ds` fl*kUr d`h (D) fujadq`æ jkT; ds` fl*kUr d`h fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu fujadq`æ jktra( d`k leƒZu d`jrk gS= (A) gkWCl (B) ¥kWd` (C) fx;dsZ` (D) Ôlks jkT; d`h mRif® ds` lko;oh fl*kUr ls fd`ld`k uke lEc* gS= (A) gkWCl (B) eSd`kboj (C) ¥kLd`h (D) gcZVZ LisUlj ‘n ekWMuZ LVsV’ ds` jpf;rk gß% (A) eSd`kboj (B) ¥kLd`h (C) xzhu (D) fe¥

90.

91.

92.

93.

94.

95.

96.

97.

98.

99.

d`kSu bl fopkj d`k leƒZu d`jrk gS fd` ‘,d` ^tkrkaf(d` O;oLƒk d`ks vius Hhrj d`h fofHUurk d`k ^frfuf| gksuk pkfg,’= (A) fo¥ fd`ef¥d`k (B) ¥klos¥ (C) eSd`œ`lZu (D) gScjekl fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ;qXe lqesf¥r ugÓ gS= (A) gkWCl % ¥sfo;kƒu (B) Ôlks % lksfæ;¥ d`kWUV_sDV (C) d`k¥Z ekDlZ % LVsV ,≥M fjoksY;wæu (D) ¥kWd` % , ¥SVj vkWu VkW¥jsæu lkekftd` lafonk fl*kUr ds` vuqlkj% (A) jkT; ,d` uSfrd` laLƒk gS (B) jkT; ,d` ekuoÎ`r laLƒk gS (C) jkT; ^kÎ`frd` ,oa vko';d` gS (D) jkT; d`h ^Î`fr lko;oh gS fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l ekDlZoknh fopkjd` us ‘loZgkjk ds` ^tkrkaf(d` vf|uk;d`okn’ d`k fopkj fn;k= (A) ¥sfuu (B) LVkf¥u (C) ekvks (D) xzkElh ekDlZokfn;kÍ ds` vuqlkj jkT; d`h mRif® eÍ fd`l ?Vd` d`h Hwfed`k lokZf|d` fu.kZ;d` jgh= (A) ifjokj (B) lEif® (C) mRiknu ds` lEcU| (D) |eZ mnkjokn d`k ekSf¥d` ·cqfu;knh‚ fl*kUr gS% (A) oS;fâ`d` Lora(rk (B) lkekftd` U;k; (C) lekurk (D) jkÆV_okn ∏……;fn ‘¥sfo;kƒu’ bfrgkl d`h dqa`th ds` Ôi eÍ O;ƒZ gS] rks ;g jkT; ds` fl*kUr ds` Ôi eÍ Hh fuÆœ`¥ gSπ ;g d`Fku fd`ld`k gS = (A) lh\ ch\ eSDœ`lZu (B) lh\ bZ\ okWgu (C) vusZLV ckdZ`j (D) tkWtZ ,p\ lsckbu d`kSu ;g ekurk gS fd` vf|d`kjkÍ d`k okLrfod` laj”. ‘tuer’ gksrk gS= (A) xSV¥ (B) ¥kLd`h (C) xkuZj (D) ¥hd`kWd` okapw fjiksVZ ds` vk|kj ij ^ƒer# Hk"k ds` Hk"h; jkT; xfBr fd`;k x;k ƒk% (A) vka|z ^nsæ 1953 (B) xqtjkr 1960 (C) vka|z ^nsæ 1956 (D) xqtjkr 1956 fuEukafd`r eÍ ls fd`lus lekurk ds` oS|kfud` vk;ke d`ks O;k“;kf;r d`jus ds`

f¥, ‘oS|kfud` O;fâ`Ro d`h lekurk’ d`h vo|kj.k d`k ^;ksx fd`;k gS= (A) vkj\ ,p\ VΩoSuh (B) gsjkYM ts\ ¥kLd`h (C) ts\ ,œ`\ LVhœs`u (D) vusZLV ckdZ`j 100. lwph I d`ks lwph II ls lqesf¥r d`hft, rƒk uhps fn, x, dw`V eÍ ls lgh m®j pqfu,% lwph I ·n~fÆVd`ks.‚ (a) ‘jkT; neu d`k ,d` Î`f(e p∂` gS’ (b) ‘jkT; ,d` tho|kjh gS’ (c) ‘jkT; iw . Z uS f rd` fod`kl d`h vko';d` ifjfLƒfr;kÍ d`k l~tu d`jrk gS’ (d) ‘jkT; ,d` vko';d` cqjkbZ gS’ lwph II ·^oâ`k‚ 1. gjcVZ LisUlj 2. Vh\ ,p\ xzhu 3. ts\ ,l\ fe¥ 4. ekDlZ dw`V # (A) (B) (C) (D)

(a) 3 4 1 2

(b) 2 1 4 3

(c) 4 2 3 1

(d) 1 3 2 4

105.

106.

107.

108.

109.

101.

Lora(rk ds` ld`kjkRed` fl*kUr d`h 110. foospuk d`h ƒh% (A) gkWCl us (B) Vh\ ,p\ xzhu us (C) tkWu LVqvVZ fe¥ us 111. (D) d`k¥Z ikWij us 102. uhps f¥[s x, fpUrd`kÍ eÍ ls fd`u ¥ksxkÍ us jkT; d`ks æfâ` ds` Ôi eÍ ifjHkf"r fd`;k gS= 1. eSfd`;kos¥h 2. xzhu 3. uhRls 4. ds`V¥hu 112. lgh m®j fuEukafd`r dw`VkÍ eÍ ls pqfu,% dw`V # (A) 1, 2, 3, 4 (B) 1, 2, 3 (C) 2, 3, 4 (D) 1, 3, 4

103.

mnkjoknh fl*kUr ds` vuqlkj jkT;% (A) fd`lh lk÷; ds` f¥, ,d` lk|u gS (B) Lo;a lk÷; gS (C) vkafæd` Ôi ls lk|u gS vkSj vkafæd` Ôi ls lk÷; (D) u lk|u gS vkSj u lk÷; 104. ∏oLrq r # leLr lektokfn;kÍ rƒk lkE;okfn;kÍ d`h tÈMÍ I¥sVks eÍ fo»eku gß …… π ;g fVIi.h fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lus nh gS= (A) lh\ lh\ eSDlh (B) th\ ,p\ lSckbZu (C) M¯ux (D) eSfd`¥osu

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1658

113.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu ,d` ,d`hÎ`r l®k d`h vko';d`rk d`k cpko ug˝Ó d`jrk gS= (A) cksnk∑ (B) gkWCl (C) ∂S`c (D) vkWfLVu fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu ^R;;oknh ·vknæZoknh‚ fopkjd` ugÓ gS= (A) d`k≥V (B) ghxs¥ (C) c̓e (D) czSM¥s ekDlZoknh fl*kUr ds` vuqlkj ^kphu d`k¥ eÍ d`kSulh O;oLƒk Lƒkfir ƒh= (A) vkafxd` O;oLƒk (B) MkfoZu d`h O;oLƒk (C) tsu O;oLƒk (D) tSfod` O;oLƒk ^d`ksÆB lEidZ` ·¥kW¯cx‚ d`h d`k;ZæS¥h viukbZ tkrh gS% (A) tuer laxzg d`jus ok¥s laLƒkukÍ }kjk (B) jktuhfrd` n¥kÍ }kjk (C) ^sl }kjk (D) ncko lewgkÍ }kjk jktuhfr ækL( ds` ‘lewg fl*kUr’ ds` ^friknd` d`kSu ƒs= (A) d`k¥Z eSugkbZe (B) vkƒZj cs≥V¥s (C) ek≥VsLD;w (D) ¥kWLd`h jktkvkÍ ds` nSoh vf|d`kj d`k vxz.h ^oâ`k d`kSu gS= (A) ¥kWd` (B) eSfd`;kos¥h (C) tßDl (D) tsEl I fd`lus ;g fopkj ^frikfnr fd`;k fd` ∏^R;sd` xk∑o–iapk;r d`k x.jkT; gksxkπ= (A) fr¥d` (B) ,uh csls≥V (C) ,e\ ,u\ jk; (D) xka|hth bueÍ ls d`kSu ,d` O;fâ`okn d`k leƒZd` ugÓ gS= (A) LisUlj (B) ,Me fLeƒ (C) I¥sVks (D) ts\ ,l\ fe¥ lwph I d`ks lwph II ls lqesf¥r d`hft, rƒk uhps fn, x, dw`V eÍ ls lgh m®j pqfu,% lwph I ·vf|d`kjkÍ ds` fl*kUr‚ (a) vf|d`kjkÍ d`k vknæZoknh fl*kUr (b) vf|d`kjkÍ d`k uSlfxZd` fl*kUr (c) vf|d`kjkÍ d`k ,sfrgkfld` fl*kUr (d) vf|d`kjkÍ d`k oS|kfud` fl*kUr lwph II ·^oâ`k‚ 1. ,Me≥M cdZ` 2. tsjeh csUƒe 3. tkWu ¥kWd` 4. Vh\ ,p\ xzhu dw`V # (A)

(a) 1

(b) 2

(c) 3

(d) 4

(B) (C) (D) 114.

115.

116.

117.

118.

119.

120.

2 3 4

1 4 3

4 2 1

3 1 2

U;k; d`k vk|qfud` n~fÆVd`ks. gS% (A) fof| ik¥u (B) Lora(rk ,oa lekurk ds` ^fr vknj Hko (C) æks". d`k u gksuk (D) mi;qZâ` lHh ‘forj.kRed` U;k;’ d`k vxz.h ^friknd` ƒk% (A) I¥sVks (B) vjLrw (C) lqd`jkr (D) jkWYl fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu ,d` v÷;”kRed` ^.k¥h d`h foæs"rk ugÓ gS= (A) jkÆV_ifr d`h okLrfod` l®k (B) egkfH;ksx d`h ^f∂`;k (C) lkewfgd` m®jnkf;Ro (D) mi;qZâ` eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ls fczfVæ œs`fc;uokn rƒk ≠`k∑lhlh Jfed` la?okn d`k ckSf*d` fææq d`gk x;k gS= (A) jkT; lektokn d`ks (B) lkE;okn d`ks (C) Js.h lektokn d`ks (D) ekDlZokn d`ks fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk Hkjr eÍ jkÆV_okn ds` mn; eÍ ,d` d`kjd` ugÓ jgk gS= (A) Hkjrh; ^sl (B) lkekftd`–|kfeZd` vkUnks¥u (C) ik'pkR; fæ”k (D) eqfL¥e lE^nk;okn fd`lus d`kaxzsl d`ks ‘lw{e vYila“;d`’ d`gk ƒk`= (A) ¥kWMZ fjiu (B) ¥kWMZ Mœ`fju (C) ¥kWMZ d`tZu (D) mi;qZâ` eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ fuEukafd`r eÍ ls jkT; d`h mRif® ds` firΩl®kRed` fl*kUr ls lEcfU|r d`kSu gS= (A) tßDl (B) gsujh esu (C) eksjxu (D) esd`¥suku

m®j O;k“;k lfgr 01. (A) 2. (C) 03. (C) Hkjr NksÈMks

vkUnks¥u d`k ^Lrko d`kaxszl ds` cEcbZ vf|osæu eÍ 8 vxLr] 1942 d`ks ikfjr fd`;k x;k ƒk\ 04. (D) ncko lewgkÍ d`k xBu dq`N fofæÆV mˆs';kÍ d`h iwfrZ ds` f¥, fd`;k tkrk gS\ mud`k eq“; mˆs'; vius lnL;kÍ d`h fgr iwfrZ gS\ os fd`lh fopkj|kjk d`k ^pkj o foLrkj ugÓ d`jrs\ 05. (B) loksZPp U;k;k¥; d`k U;k;k|hæ cuus d`h ;ksX;rk j[us ok¥s fd`lh O;fâ`

e÷; ^nsæ ih\,l\lh\ jkT; lsok ·^k\‚ ijh”k] 11-1-2009 d`k g¥ ^'u-i(

14.

jktuhfr foKku 1.

,d` turU( eÍ lalnh; ljd`kj d`k d`kSulk ,d` fl*kUr ugÓ gS`= (A) d`k;Zikf¥d`k d`k lkewfgd` m®jnkf;Ro (B) fuf'pr d`k;Zd`k¥ (Fixed

(B) (C) (D) 7.

Tenure) (C) lekukÍ eÍ izƒe iz|kuea(h (D) ew¥ vf|d`kjkÍ d`h U;kf;d`

izfrHwfr 2. v÷;{kkRed` 'kklu iz.k¥h eÍ d`k;Z- 8. ikf¥d`k 'kfDr'kk¥h gksrh gS] D;kÍfd`% (A) fo|kf;d`k (Legislature) d`etksj gksrh gS (B) U;k;k|h'kkÍ d`h fu;qfDr jkÆV_ifr d`jrk gS (C) bld`k d`k;Zd`k¥ (Tenure) fLƒj gS 9. (D) egkfH;ksx (Impeachment) d`h iz.k¥h cgqr tfV¥ gS 3. v÷;{kkRed` ljd`kj ftl fl*kUr ij vk|kfjr gS] og gS% (A) d`k;Zikf¥d`k d`h U;k;ikf¥d`k ds` izfr tokcnsgh (B) d`k;Zikf¥d`k d`h LorU(rk 10. (C) 'kfDr foHktu (Separation of powers) (D) fo|kf;d`k

d`h lkoZHkSfed`rk 4. πjktuhfr 'kfDr ds` f¥, la?"Z gSπ d`gk ƒk% (A) ekWxsZUƒkm us 11. (B) fDoUlh jkbV us (C) LizkmV us (D) ƒkWelu us 5. ∏jktuhfr lekt eÍ ewY;kÍ ds` l®kRed` vkcaVu (Authoritative allocation) ls lEcfU|r gS\π jktuhfr d`h ;g 12. ifjHk"k fd`lds` }kjk nh xbZ gS`= (A) MsfoM bZLVu (B) gSjkWYM Kklos¥ (C) jkWcVZ Mg¥ (D) pkYlZ eSfj;e 6. lajpukRed`-izd`k;kZRed` mikxe ds` vuqlkj] fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu 13. jktuhfrd` O;oLƒk ds` ‘fuos'k d`k;Z’ eÍ lfEef¥r ugÓ gS`= (A) jktuhfrd` lekthd`j. ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1660

jktuhfrd` fod`kl fgr lewghd`j. (Aggregation) jktuhfrd` lapkj. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`ls [ks[¥h (Empty) LorU(rk d`k izfriknd` ekuk tkrk gS`= (A) csUƒe (B) ts\ ,l\ fe¥ (C) ghx¥ (D) xzhu fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulh iqLrd` eSfd`;ko¥h ds` }kjk ugÓ f¥[h xbZ gS`= (A) fn fizUl (B) fn fMLd`kslsZt (C) fn vkVZ vkWœ` okj (D) csgseksƒ ‘jkT; ,d` vko';d` cqjkbZ gS’] ;g fopkj tqÈMk gS% (A) O;fDrokfn;kÍ ls (B) vjktd`rkokfn;kÍ (Anarchists) ls (C) ekDlZokfn;kÍ (Marxists) ls (D) lksfœ`LVkÍ (Sophists) ls tks n'kZu mnkjokn ds` fcYdq`¥ foijhr gS] og gS% (A) O;fDrokn (Individualism) (B) iw∑thokn (Capitalism) (C) ekDlZokn (Marxism) (D) œ`klhokn (Fascism) lcls ig¥s jkT; ds` vkafxd` (Organic) fl*kUr d`k izfriknu fd`lus fd`;k`= (A) eSfd`;ko¥h (B) I¥sVks (C) ekDlZ (D) gcZVZ LisUlj lkekftd` le>kSrs d`k fl*kUr vk|kfjr gS% (A) jkÆV_okn (Nationalism) ij (B) lafo|kuokn (Constitutionalism) ij (C) O;fDrokn (Individualism) ij (D) lektokn (Socialism) ij fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lus ig¥s ‘lektokn’ 'kCn d`k mi;ksx fd`;k`= (A) ∂`ksiksVΩfd`u (B) jkWcVZ vksou (C) ekDlZ (D) csUƒe

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu ,d` tuer (Public opinion) d`k vfHd`j. ugÓ gS`= (A) izsl (B) U;k;ikf¥d`k (C) jktuhfrd` n¥ (D) Vs¥hfotu ,oa jsfM;ks ljd`kj d`k O;ofLƒr oxhZd`j. lcls ig¥s fn;k x;k ƒk% (A) I¥sVks }kjk (B) vjLrw }kjk (C) eSfd`;ko¥h }kjk (D) ekaVsLD;w }kjk fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk d`k;Z jktuhfrd` n¥kÍ }kjk fd`;k tkrk gS`= (A) xjhc ¥ksxkÍ d`h lgk;rk d`juk (B) vLirk¥kÍ d`ks p¥kuk (C) lekpkji(kÍ d`k izcU| d`juk (D) pquko ¥ÈMus eÍ mEehnokjkÍ d`h lgk;rk d`juk ‘LorU(rk d`h vo|kj.k’ eÍ fufgr gS% (A) vuqfpr fu;U(.kÍ d`h vuqifLƒfr (B) vf|d`re U;k; (C) jkÆV_h; eqfDr (D) fu;U(.kÍ d`h vuqifLƒfr ‘lekurk’ (Equality) d`k loksZ®e vƒZ gS% (A) O;ogkj d`h igpku (B) ikfjJfed` d`h lerk (C) U;wure vko';d`rkvkÍ d`h iwfrZ (D) fu;ekÍ d`k ik¥u ekDlhZ; lektokn d`ks ‘oSKkfud` lektokn’ d`gk tkrk gS] D;kÍfd` ekDlZ us% (A) oS;fDrd` vuqHokÍ d`ks viuh iz;ksx'kk¥k ekuk (B) iaƒ rƒk rkfRod` eqnΩnkÍ d`k fojks| fd`;k (C) vkn'kZijd`] vLiÆV rƒk LoIu¥ksd`h; iwoZ|kj.kvkÍ d`ks vLohd`kjk (D) loZgkjk (Proletariat) ds` vf|uk;d`okn d`ks Lohd`kjk izfrd`kjh (Retributive) U;k;-fl*kUr fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l ,d` ij vk|kfjr gS`= (A) vojks|d` n≥M fl*kUr ij (B) izfr'kks| (Revenge) fl*kUr ij (C) vijk|h ds` lq|kj ds` mˆs'; ds` f¥, n≥M ij (D) ‘ikih ls ugÓ iki ds` izfr ?~.k’ ds` fl*kUr ij

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

ekDlZ ds` vuqlkj oxZghu lekt (Classless society) ls vfHizk; gS% (A) ,d` tutkrh; (Tribal) lekt (B) ,d` tkfrfoghu lekt (C) ,d` lekt ftleÍ ,d`ek( loZgkjk oxZ gks (D) ,d` lekt ftleÍ lHh oxZ lekuqikr eÍ gkÍ Ôlks d`h ‘lkekU; bPNk’ ls vfHizk; gS% (A) izHql®k|kjh (Sovereign) d`h bPNk (B) lkekU; turk d`h bPNk (C) cgqla“; (Majority) d`h bPNk (D) ¥ksxkÍ d`k lkewfgd` d`Y;k. U;k; d`k fuokjd` fl*kUr fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l fl*kUr ij vk|kfjr gS`= (A) tSls d`ks rSlk (Tit for tat) (B) d`Bksj ,oa psrkouh;qDr ltk nsuk ftlls tqeZ :ds` (C) vijk|h d`ks lq|kjk tkuk pkfg, (D) vijk|h ds` lkƒ ujeh ls crkZo fd`;k tkuk pkfg, jktuhfrd` fod`kl ls vfHizk; gS% (A) lEiw.Z jkT; d`k fod`kl (B) ¥ksxkÍ d`h psruk d`k fod`kl (C) jkT; ds` ek÷;e ls lEiw.Z lekt d`k fod`kl (D) jktuhfrd` Hnz-tu (Elite) d`k fod`kl jkT; ds` mnΩHo ds` nSoh (Divine) fl*kUr ls vfHizk; gS% (A) fMokbZu uke ds` ,d` lUr us jkT; d`k fuekZ. fd`;k (B) iksi }kjk jkT; d`k fuekZ. gqvk (C) bZ'oj }kjk jkT; d`k fuekZ. fd`;k x;k (D) cgqla“;d` ernku }kjk jkT; d`k fuekZ. gqvk dq`¥hurU( (Oligarchy) ml O;oLƒk d`ks d`grs gß ftleÍ% (A) lkekU; turk ds` izfrfuf|;kÍ d`k cks¥ck¥k gks (B) Hnz-iq:" (Aristocratic) oxZ d`k cks¥ck¥k gks (C) etnwj oxZ d`k cks¥ck¥k gks (D) fd`lku oxZ d`k cks¥ck¥k gks loZl®kRed` (Totalitarian) jkT; mls d`grs gß ftleÍ% (A) jkT; d`h lEiw.Z 'kfDr ,d` O;fDr eÍ fufgr gks

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1661

(B)

jkT; d`k viuh iztk ij vlhfer vf|d`kj gks (C) jkT; viuh iztk d`h lEiw.Z vko';d`rkvkÍ d`ks iwjk d`jrk gks (D) jkT; d`k vius lzksrkÍ ij iw.Z fu;U(. gks 28. og ¥{k. tks ‘lwph iz.k¥h’ (List System) d`k rks gS] fd`Urq ‘,d`¥ la∂`e.h; er iz.k¥h’ d`k ugÓ% (A) og vkuqikfrd` izfrfuf|Ro iz.k¥h gS (B) bl iz.k¥h eÍ cgqlnL;h; fuokZpu {ks( gksrs gß (C) fuokZpu vad` (Quota) izkIr fd`;k tkrk gS (D) er n¥ d`ks fn, tkrs gß] O;fDrxr mEehnokjkÍ d`ks ugÓ 29. ftl fo}ku us ,d`¥ la∂`e.h; eriz.k¥h (Single transferable vote system) d`k loZizƒe izfriknu fd`;k] og gS% (A) ƒkWel isu (B) ts\ ,l\ fe¥ (C) ƒkWel gs;j (D) Ôlks 30. iztkrkfU(d` lektokn d`h fopkj|kjk ftl fopkj ij c¥ nsrh gS] og gS% (A) lekt d`k vk|kj izfr;ksfxrk ugÓ] lg;ksx gS (B) jkT; ,d` vko';d` cqjkbZ gS (C) fgalkRed` ∂`kfUr (Violent revolution) (D) oxZ-la?"Z

33.

mnkjokn (Liberalism) d`k ew ¥ fl*kUr gS% (A) lkekftd` U;k; (B) lekurk (C) O;fDrxr LorU(rk (D) jkÆV_okn 34. vk|qfud` O;fDrokn LorU(rk d`h ek∑x d`jrk gS% (A) lewg ds` f¥, (B) O;fDr ds` f¥, (C) turk ds` f¥, (D) Jfed` oxZ ds` f¥, 35. laoS|kfud` ljd`kj d`h vo|kj.k lcls ig¥s nh xbZ ƒh% (A) I¥sVks }kjk (B) vjLrw }kjk (C) cksnka }kjk (D) eSfd`;ko¥h }kjk 36. ‘vf|d`re ¥ksxkÍ d`ks vf|d`re lq[’ (The greatest happiness to the greatest number) d`k fl*kUr

37.

(Class-struggle)

fl*kUr 38. 31. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk d`ƒu gkWCl ij ¥kxw ugÓ gksrk gS`= (A) ¥ksxkÍ us ds`o¥ ,d` gh le>kSrk fd`;k (B) lEizHq d`ks fujadq`'k 'kfDr;k∑ izkIr gß (C) ¥ksx viuk 'kkld` fu;qDr d`j 39. ld`rs gß (D) le>kSrk ,d`i{kh; (One-sided) ƒk 32. jkT; d`h mRif® ds` ,sfrgkfld` fl*kUr ds` rRo fd`leÍ ik, tkrs gß`= (A) jDr-lEcU|] |eZ] ;q*] jktuhfrd` psruk (Consciousness) (B) ;q*] izƒk,∑] jktrU(] izkd~`frd` 40. fof| ds` lekns'k (Dictates) (C) jktrU(] c¥] ikjLifjd` le>kSrs] jktuhfrd` usr~Ro (D) jDr-lEcU|] lafonkRed` le>kSrs] |eZ] vjktd`rk (Anarchy)

fd`lus izfrikfnr fd`;k gS`= (A) ekDlZokfn;kÍ us (B) mi;ksfxrkokfn;kÍ us (C) mnkjokfn;kÍ us (D) cgq¥okfn;kÍ us fuos'k-fuxZr (Input-output) fl*kUr d`k izfriknu fd`lus fd`;k`= (A) ihVj edZ`¥ (B) jkWcVZ Mg¥ (C) MsfoM bZLVu (D) MsfoM ,IVj jkT; ds` vko';d` rRo D;k gß`= (A) tula“;k] {ks(] lafo|ku] l®k (B) tula“;k] {ks(] ljd`kj] izHql®k (C) tula“;k] {ks(] jktuhfrd` n¥] izHql®k (D) tula“;k] 'kfDr] l®k] izHql®k fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk jkT; d`h mRif® d`k fl*kUr foKku ds` rF;kÍ ds` vk|kj ij vf|d` mfpr ,oa fo'oLr gS`= (A) jkT; d`h mRif® d`k nSoh; fl*kUr (B) 'kfDr fl*kUr (Force theory) (C) fod`kloknh fl*kUr (D) lkekftd` vuqcU| fl*kUr fof| ds` 'kklu d`k fl*kUr fn;k ƒk% (A) ,\ oh\ Mk;lh us (B) ¥kLd`h us (C) vkfLVu us (D) eSd`kboj us

41.

42.

43.

44.

45.

46.

47.

48.

Jherh ,uh cslsUV lEc* ƒh% (A) losZUVΩl vkWœ` bf≥M;k lkslkbVh ls (B) gkseÔ¥ vkUnks¥u ls (C) lfou; voKk vkUnks¥u ls (D) Hkjr NksÈMks vkUnks¥u ls laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ d`h la;qDr cSBd` d`h v÷;{krk d`kSu d`jrk gS`= (A) Hkjr ds` jkÆV_ifr (B) ¥ksd` lHk ds` v÷;{k (C) iz|kuea(h (D) l®kÔÈ< n¥ d`k usrk Hkjrh; lafo|ku eÍ |eZ-fujis{krk (Secularism) d`k vƒZ gS% (A) jkT; d`k viuk |eZ gS (B) jkT; d`k |eZ ls d`ksbZ lEcU| ugÓ gS (C) jkT; v|ehZ (Irreligious) gS (D) jkT; lHh |eksÛ d`ks ekU;rk nsrk gS] ijUrq mld`k viuk d`ksbZ |eZ ugÓ gS ‘lafo|ku lHk d`h izkÔi lfefr’ d`k v÷;{k d`kSu ƒs`= (A) MkW\ jktsUnz izlkn (B) MkW\ ch\ vkj\ vEcsMd`j (C) ts\ ,¥\ usgÔ (D) ch\ ,u\ jko Hkjrh; lafo|ku eÍ ‘lektokn’ (Socialism) 'kCn fd`l laoS|kfud` la'kks|u }kjk lfEef¥r fd`;k x;k gS`= (A) 42oÍ (B) 43oÍ (C) 44oÍ (D) 45oÍ Hkjrh; ¥ksd`-iz'kklu laLƒku fLƒr gS% (A) fnY¥h eÍ (B) psUubZ eÍ (C) d`ks¥d`krk eÍ (D) eqEcbZ eÍ Hkjr eÍ U;kf;d` iqujh{kk (Judicial review) d`h 'kfDr d`k miHksx d`jrk gS% (A) ds`o¥ mPp U;k;k¥; (B) ds`o¥ loksZPp U;k;k¥; (C) mPp U;k;k¥; ,oa loksZPp U;k;k¥; (D) laln Hkjrh; lafo|ku d`k d`kSulk Hkx Hkjr d`ks d`Y;k.d`kjh jkT; gksus d`ks ?ksf"r d`jrk gS`= (A) Hkx III (B) Hkx IV (C) Hkx IX (D) Hkx VI

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1662

49.

50.

51.

52.

53.

54.

55.

56.

Hkjrh; ukxfjd`kÍ ds` ew¥ d`rZO; fufgr gß% (A) lafo|ku ds` Hkx I eÍ (B) lafo|ku ds` Hkx III eÍ (C) lafo|ku ds` Hkx IV eÍ (D) mi;qZDr eÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk vk;ksx ds`Unz ,oa jkT; ds` lEcU|kÍ ds` ijh{k. ds` f¥, fu;qDr fd`;k x;k ƒk`= (A) ljd`kfj;k vk;ksx (B) 'kkg vk;ksx (C) cNkor vk;ksx (D) tSu vk;ksx Hkjr eÍ ctV fuekZ. d`k d`k;Z fd`;k tkrk gS% (A) ;kstuk vk;ksx }kjk (B) ¥ksd` lsok vk;ksx }kjk (C) fo® eU(h }kjk (D) fo® vk;ksx }kjk fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ekSf¥d` vf|d`kj (Fundamental Right) ugÓ gS`= (A) thou d`k vf|d`kj (B) LorU(rk d`k vf|d`kj (C) lEif® d`k vf|d`kj (D) vfHO;fDr (Expression) d`k vf|d`kj Hkjrh; O;oLƒk gS% (A) la?kRed` (Federal) (B) v|Zla?kRed` (Quasi-federal) (C) ,d`kRed` (Unitary) (D) la?kRed` ftleÍ ,d`kRed` d`h vksj >qd`ko gS luΩ 1945 ds` dS`fcusV fe'ku eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` lnL; ugÓ ƒk`= (A) lj LVsœ`MZ f∂`Il (B) ,\ oh\ ,¥sDtsUMj (C) ¥kWMZ iSfƒd` ¥kWjsUl (D) lh\ ,V¥h Hkjr ds` foHktu d`k izƒe lads`r fn;k x;k% (A) nwljh xks¥est lHk eÍ (B) f∂`Il izLrkokÍ eÍ (C) dS`fcusV fe'ku ;kstuk eÍ (D) ekmUVcsVu œ`kewZ¥k eÍ Lojkt ikVhZ d`h ek∑x ƒh% (A) iw.Z LojkT; (B) lalnh; laLƒk,∑

(C)

57.

58.

59.

60.

61.

62.

63.

vkSifuosf'kd` (Dominion) LojkT; (D) lkEiznkf;d` (Communal) ernku {ks( ;kstuk vk;ksx d`k insu v÷;{k d`kSu gksrk gS`= (A) jkÆV_ifr (B) iz|kuea(h (C) mijkÆV_ifr (D) ds`Unzh; ;kstuk ea(h eks\ v¥h ftUuk us ‘f}jkÆV_’ fl*kUr d`k izfriknu fd`;k% (A) 1920 eÍ (B) 1928 eÍ (C) 1940 eÍ (D) 1946 eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu mnkjoknh (Moderate) usrk ugÓ gS`= (A) ck¥ xaxk|j fr¥d` (B) nknkHkbZ ukSjksth (C) fœ`jkst'kkg esgrk (D) xksik¥d~`Æ. xks[¥s Hkjr eÍ ‘}S| 'kklu’ (Dyarchy) vkjEH fd`;k x;k% (A) ek¥sZ-feUVks lq|kjkÍ eÍ (B) ekUVœ`ksMZ lq|kjkÍ eÍ (C) lkbeu d`eh'ku ;kstuk eÍ (D) xouZes≥V vkWœ` bf≥M;k ,DV] 1935 eÍ lkbeu d`eh'ku Hkjr Hstk x;k ƒk% (A) lkE^nkf;d` leL;k (Communal problem) ds` v÷;;u ds` f¥, (B) xka|hth ls fiNÈMs oxZ ds` izfrfuf|Ro ij ckrphr d`jus ds` f¥, (C) ekUVœ`ksMZ lq|kjkÍ d`h izxfr d`h leh{kk ds` f¥, (D) fczfV'k laln d`ks gkseÔ¥ ij izfrosnu nsus ds` f¥, f[¥kœ`r vkUnks¥u ds` usrk ƒs% (A) eksrh¥k¥ usgÔ vkSj lh\ vkj\ nkl (B) xka|h vkSj ,suh cslsUV (C) ekS¥kuk vktkn vkSj ljksftuh uk;Mw (D) v¥h cU|q fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ;qXe lqesf¥r ugÓ gS`= (A) œ`klhokn%eqlksf¥uh (B) vjktd`rkokn%cSdq`fuu (C) lektokn%ƒkWel ewj (D) cgq¥okn-%∂`ksiksVΩfd`u

64.

65.

66.

67.

68.

69.

70.

orZeku eÍ ukSd`j'kkgh (Bureaucracy) d`k egRo cgqr cÈ
^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1663

71.

72.

73.

74.

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78.

caxk¥ d`k foHktu lekIr fd`;k x;k% (A) 1907 eÍ (B) 1908 eÍ (C) 1910 eÍ (D) 1911 eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lus xnj ikVhZ d`h Lƒkiuk d`h`= (A) ¥k¥k gjn;k¥ (B) jkepUnz (C) chd`kth d`kek (D) pUnz'ks[j vktkn xka|hth d`k izƒe lR;kxzg vkUnks¥u d`gk∑ ls izkjEH gqvk`= (A) pEikju (B) ckjnks¥h (C) nkaMh (D) cÈMkSnk jktk jkeeksgu jk; laLƒkid` ƒs% (A) vk;Z lekt ds` (B) cz© lekt ds` (C) jked~`Æ. fe'ku ds` (D) izkƒZuk lekt ds` Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`k∑xzsl us fd`l vf|os'ku eÍ ‘iw.Z LojkT;’ ds` izLrko d`ks Lohd`kj fd`;k`= (A) ¥kgkSj (B) d`¥d`®k (C) enzkl (D) ckWEcs Hkjrh; LorU(rk vkUnks¥u eÍ 13 vizS¥] 1919 fd`lds` lkƒ lEcfU|r gS`= (A) lfou; voKk vkUnks¥u ds` izkjEH ls (B) jkÆV_O;kih vlg;ksx vkUnks¥u ls (C) ns'k ds` f¥, iw.Z LorU(rk ds` iz. d`ks Lohd`kj fd`, tkus ls (D) tf¥;k∑ok¥k ckx gR;kd`k≥M ls xka|hth us 1922 d`k vlg;ksx vkUnks¥u vpkud` D;kÍ jksd` fn;k`= (A) vaxzstkÍ d`k Ô[k O;ogkj (B) d`ka x z s l ,oa va x z s t kÍ ds ` chp le>kSrk (C) pkSjh-pkSjk eÍ fgalk HÈMd` mBh ƒh (D) d`kaxzsl d`k ,d`er ls fu.Z; gksus ds` d`kj. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ;qXe lqesf¥r ugÓ gS`= (A) egkRek xka|h%vlg;ksx vkUnks¥u (B) fouksck Hkos%Hwnku (C) ,e\ ,u\ jk;%n¥foghu iztkrU( (D) ts \ ,¥\ us g Ô%iz t krkfU(d` lektokn

79.

d`kSulk lafo|ku la'kks|u iapk;rh jkt O;oLƒk ls lEcfU|r gS`= (A) 52ok∑ (B) 62ok∑ (C) 72ok∑ (D) 73ok∑ 80. fd`l o"Z eÍ e÷; izns'k jkT; us 73oÍ lafo|ku la'kks|u vf|fu;e ds` i'pkrΩ iapk;rh-jkt vf|fu;e d`k fuekZ. fd`;k`= (A) 1992 (C) 1995 81.

82.

83.

84.

85.

(B) 1993 (D) 1998

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` oDrO; lgh ugÓ gS`= Hkjr d`k jkÆV_ifr # (A) laln ds` izR;sd` lnu d`ks vkgwr d`j ld`rk gS (B) laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ d`ks lEcksf|r d`j ld`rk gS (C) laln ds` fd`lh Hh lnu d`ks Lƒfxr d`j ld`rk gS (D) laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ d`ks Hax d`j ld`rk gS Hkjrh; laln ds` mPp lnu d`k lHkifr gksrk gS% (A) Hkjr d`k jkÆV_ifr (B) Hkjr d`k mijkÆV_ifr (C) Hkjr d`k eq“; U;k;k|h'k (D) ¥ksd` lHk d`k v÷;{k 1919 ds` vf|fu;e eÍ izko|ku ƒk% (A) xouZj tuj¥ d`h ‘ohVks’ 'kfDr d`k lekiu (B) ds`Unz eÍ f}lnukRed` (Bicameral) O;oLƒkfid`k (C) lkEiznkf;d` (Communal) izfrfuf|Ro d`k vUr (D) ds`Unz eÍ }S| 'kklu (Dyarchy) d`k izkjEH lkEiznkf;d` fuokZpu iz.k¥h d`k Hkjr eÍ izkjEH ftlds` }kjk fd`;k x;k] og gS% (A) Hkjrh; ifj"nΩ vf|fu;e] 1861 (B) Hkjrh; ifj"nΩ vf|fu;e] 1892 (C) Hkjr ljd`kj vf|fu;e] 1909 (D) Hkjr ljd`kj vf|fu;e] 1919 jktuhfrd` n¥ d`k ¥ksd` lHk eÍ iw.Z cgqer gS\ bld`k rkRi;Z gS% (A) lnL; la“;k 50% ls vf|d` (B) lnL; la“;k eÍ cgqer (C) cgqer leƒZu (D) 50% lnL; la“;k

86.

87.

88.

89.

90.

91.

Hkjrh; laln ftuls xfBr gksrh gS] og gS% (A) fo|ku lHk] jkT; lHk (B) ¥ksd` lHk] jkT; lHk (C) jkÆV_ifr] ¥ksd` lHk] jkT; lHk (D) v÷;{k] ¥ksd` lHk] fo|ku ifj"nΩ jkT; tks ¥ksd` lHk eÍ vf|d`re lnL; fuokZfpr d`jrk gS] og gS% (A) e÷; izns'k (B) fcgkj (C) rfe¥ukMq (D) m®j izns'k ‘U;kflrk fl*kUr’ (Trusteeship Theory) ls rkRi;Z gS% (A) lEif® pksjh gS (B) mRiknu ds` lk|ukÍ ij jkT; d`k LokfeRo (C) futh lEif® d`k vUr (D) |u d`ks lekt d`h |jksgj le>uk f∂`Il ds` lq>kokÍ d`ks fnokf¥;k cßd` ij ‘vkxs d`h rkjh[ eÍ Hquk;k tkus ok¥k pSd`’ (Post-dated cheque) d`gk x;k\ ;g er fd`ld`k ƒk`= (A) tokgj ¥k¥ usgÔ (B) egkRek xka|h (C) jktxksik¥kpkjh (D) ljnkj iVs¥ Hkjr d`k iz|kuea(h% (A) fu;qDr gksrk gS (B) fuokZfpr gksrk gS (C) euksuhr gksrk gS (D) p;fur gksrk gS Hkjro"Z eÍ fo®fo|s;d` lcls ig¥s is'k fd`;k tkrk gS% (A) jkT; lHk eÍ (B) ¥ksd` lHk eÍ (C) ,d` lkƒ laln ds` nksukÍ lnukÍ eÍ (D) fo® vk;ksx eÍ fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l ‘fjV’ d`k 'kkfCnd` vƒZ gksrk gS # ∏ge vkns'k nsrs gßπ`= (A) cUnh izR;{khd`j. (Habeas

94.

lkdZ` ·n{ksl‚ d`c vkSipkfjd` Ôi ls 102. gkWCl d`ks O;fDroknh (Individualist) Lƒkfir fd`;k x;k`= d`gk x;k gS] D;kÍfd`% (A) fnlEcj] 1980 eÍ (A) og O;fDr d`ks uSlfxZd` vf|d`kj (Natural Rights) iznku d`jrk gS (B) vxLr] 1983 eÍ (B) og lkoZHkSfed` l®k ds` fo:* (C) fnlEcj] 1985 eÍ fonzksg d`k vf|d`kj nsrk gS (D) tq¥kbZ] 1987 eÍ (C) mlds` jktk d`ks turk }kjk 95. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`lus n¥foghu vlhfer 'kfDr;k∑ nh xbZ gß iztkrU( (Partyless democracy) d`k (D) mld`k lEiw.Z n'kZu jkT; eÍ fopkj fn;k`= O;fDr d`h lqj{kk ij ds`fUnzr gS (A) tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ 103. Ôlks ds` vuqlkj izkd~`frd` voLƒk (B) ¥sfuu lekIr gks xbZ] D;kÍfd`% (C) t;izd`k'k ukjk;. (A) ekuo-izd~`fr (Human nature) (D) egkRek xka|h nqÆV ƒh 96. vUrjkZÆV_h; U;k;k¥; eÍ ttkÍ d`h (B) uS l fxZ d ` (Natural) vf|d`kj la“;k gS% [rjs eÍ ƒs (A) 15 (B) 10 (C) d`¥k vkSj laLd~`fr d`ks lqjf{kr (C) 11 (D) 14 j[uk ƒk 97. Hkjr us xqVfujis{k vkUnks¥u 'kqÔ (D) vlekurk us lEif® d`h laLƒk fd`;k ƒk% d`ks tUe fn;k (A) 1961 eÍ (B) 1954 eÍ 104. d`k¥Z ekDlZ ds` vuqlkj] jkT;% (C) 1973 eÍ (D) 1978 eÍ (A) vfrfjDr ewY; d`k ifj.ke gS 98. Hkjr-phu ;q* gqvk% (B) xjhckÍ ds ` 'kks " . d`k Lƒk;h vfHd`j. gS (A) 1961 eÍ (B) 1962 eÍ (C) ,d` oxZ laxBu gS ftls fo¥qIr (C) 1948 eÍ (D) 1947 eÍ gks u k iÈ Msxk 99. lafo|ku ds` vuqlkj] ¥ksd` lHk ds` (D) |fud` ,oa 'kfDr'kk¥h ds` chp vf|os'ku d`e-ls-d`e% ,d` lkekftd` le>kSrs d`k ifj.ke gS (A) o"Z eÍ rhu ckj gksus pkfg, vkSj nks vf|os'kukÍ ds` e÷; nks ekg ls 105. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` mnkjoknh fopkjd` (Liberal thinker) gS`= vf|d` d`k vUrjk¥ ugÓ gksuk pkfg, (A) ts\ ,l\ fe¥ (B) o"Z eÍ nks ckj gksus pkfg, vkSj nks vf|os'kukÍ ds` e÷; rhu ekg ls (B) ƒkWel ewj vf|d` d`k vUrjk¥ ugÓ gksuk pkfg, (C) tkWtZ lkjs¥ (C) o"Z eÍ nks ckj gksus pkfg, vkSj (D) ,\ vkj\ vksjsÈt nks vf|os'kukÍ ds` e÷; pkj ekg ls 106. ,d` d`Y;k.d`kjh jkT; (Welfare vf|d` d`k vUrjk¥ ugÓ gksuk pkfg, (D)

state)—

o"Z eÍ nks ckj gksus pkfg, vkSj (A) ¥ksd`rU(kRed` jkT; gksrk gS nks vf|os'kukÍ ds` e÷; N# ekg ls (B) lektoknh jkT; gksrk gS vf|d` d`k vUrjk¥ ugÓ gksuk pkfg, (C) iaƒ fujis{k (Secular) jkT; 100. v|ksf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSu lqesf¥r ugÓ gksrk gS 92. gS`= (D) iz'kklfud` jkT; gksrk gS (A) lkbeu d`eh'ku] 1927 107. ∏lektokn ,d` ,slk Vksi gS ftld`h (B) ued` lR;kxzg] 1930 vkd~`fr blf¥, [jkc gks xbZ gS fd` (C) xka | h-bfoZ u iS D V] 1931 gj d`ksbZ mls igurk gS\π ;g d`gk gS% Corpus) (D) okos ¥ ;ks t uk] 1944 (A) pkYlZ œ`ksfj;j us (B) ijekns'k (Mandamus) (B) izw|kÍ us (C) vf|d`kj-i~PNk (Quo warranto) 101. ‘d`kuwu lkoZHkSe l®k d`k vkns'k gS\’ ;g d`gk gS % (C) lh\ bZ\ ,e\ tksM us (D) mRizs". (Certiorari) (A) ,p\ ts\ ¥kLd`h us (D) ,¥sDtsUMj xsz us 93. vUrjkZÆV_h; U;k;k¥; d`gk∑ ij fLƒr (B) MCY;w\ vkfLVu us gS`= 108. fxYM lektokn ,d` e÷; ekxZ gS% (A) gsx eÍ (B) U;w;kdZ` eÍ (C) ts\ cSUƒe us (A) turU( vkSj lektokn ds` chp (C) tsusok eÍ (D) isfjl eÍ (D) Vh\ ,fDoukÈt us eÍ ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1664

(B)

109.

110.

111.

112.

113.

114.

115.

lektokn vkSj ekDlZokn ds` chp eÍ (C) lewgokn vkSj la?okn ds` chp eÍ (D) ekDlZokn vkSj jkT; lektokn ds` chp eÍ ,d` lektoknh jkT; fo'okl d`jrk gS fd` jkT; d`ks% (A) vf|d`-ls-vf|d` d`k;Z fn, tk,a (B) d`e-ls-d`e d`k;Z fn, tk,a (C) ud`kjkRed` d`k;Z fn, tk,a (D) d`ksbZ d`k;Z ugÓ fn, tk,a vkuqikfrd` izfrfuf|Ro d`ks ;g Hh d`gk tkrk gS% (A) eSdΩ`MksuYM iz.k¥h (B) gs;j ;kstuk (C) ,d`¥ ernku (D) lwph O;oLƒk ‘vƒZ'kkL(’ d`k ¥s[d` d`kSu ƒk`= (A) d`kSfVY; (B) ,Me fLeƒ (C) iratf¥ (D) ekYƒl jktuhfrd` n'kZu ds` Ôi eÍ lektokn fojks|h ugÓ gS% (A) iw∑thokn (Capitalism) d`k (B) lkeUrokn (Feudalism) d`k (C) lkekftd` vfH;kfU(d`h (Social engineering) d`k (D) izfr}fU}rk (Competition) d`k œ`sfc;u lektoknh ekurs gß fd`% (A) |hekiu vo';aHkoh gS (B) lkekftd` ;ƒkfLƒfr ds` f¥, vfgalk vko';d` gS (C) ∂`kfUrd`kjh lq|kj gksus pkfg, (D) miHksx U;wure gksuk pkfg, ,d` ¥ksd`rU(kRed` vkSj lokZf|d`kjoknh ljd`kj ds` chp vUrj fd`;k tk ld`rk gS% (A) lafo|ku ds` vk|kj ij (B) fuokZpu (Electoral) O;oLƒk ds` vk|kj ij (C) fof| ds` 'kklu ds` vk|kj ij (D) fojks|h n¥kÍ ds` vk|kj ij turkfU(d` fud`k;kÍ ij vYila“;d`kÍ vkSj fo'ks" fgrkÍ d`k JsÆB izfrfuf|Ro gks ld`rk gS% (A) cgq¥ ernku (Plural voting) }kjk (B) O;kolkf;d` izfrfuf|Ro }kjk (C) vkuqikfrd` izfrfuf|Ro }kjk (D) i~ƒdΩ` ernku {ks(kÍ }kjk

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1665

116.

117.

118.

119.

120.

‘xzkej vkWœ` ikWf¥fVDl’ uked` iqLrd` ds` ¥s[d` gß% (A) bZ\ ckdZ`j (B) ,p\ ¥kLd`h (C) ,p\ ¥kloS¥ (D) ,\ vIiksnjkbZ ,p\ th\ lksjs¥% (A) fxYM lektoknh ƒs (B) Jfed` lektoknh ƒs (C) œs`fc;u lektoknh ƒs (D) ;wVksfi;u lektoknh ƒs ∏jkT; ds` fo:* dq`N Hh ugÓ] jkT; ls ijs dq`N Hh ugÓ] lc dq`N jkT; ds` vUnj gh gksuk pkfg,\π ;g jktuhfrd` n'kZu gS% (A) ghx¥ d`k (B) ekDlZ d`k (C) eqlksf¥uh d`k (D) ekvks d`k ekDlZokn vkSj œ`klhokn ,d`er gß% (A) jkT; d`h izd~`fr ds` fo"; eÍ (B) |eZ d`h Hwfed`k ds` fo"; eÍ (C) ;q*kÍ d`h mi;ksfxrk ds` fo"; eÍ (D) ljd`kj ds` vf|uk;d`oknh ¥{k. ds` fo"; eÍ lektoknh jkT; d`ks ekurs gß% (A) ,d` vko';d` cqjkbZ ds` Ôi eÍ (B) ,d` vuko';d` cqjkbZ ds` Ôi eÍ (C) ,d` nSoh; laLƒk ds` Ôi eÍ (D) ,d` ld`kjkRed` xq. (Positive good) ds` Ôi eÍ

26. (B) 27. (B)

,d` lefÆVoknh jkT; og gS] tks O;fDr ds` thou ds` izR;sd` ig¥w ij fu;U(. j[rk gS\ ;»fi ;g vf|uk;d`oknh jkT; ls fHUu gS\ vf|uk;d`oknh jkT; eÍ 'kkld`kÍ d`h l®k tu-lgefr ij vk|kfjr ugÓ gksrh\ 28. (D) lwph iz.k¥h cgqlnL;h; fuokZpu {ks(kÍ eÍ ¥kxw gksrh gS\ bleÍ ernkrk fofHUu n¥kÍ ds` i{k eÍ ernku d`jrs gß rƒk ftl n¥ d`ks lokZf|d` er izkIr gksrs gß] mlh n¥ d`h lwph ds` lHh lnL; fuokZfpr ?ksf"r fd`, tkrs gß\ vesfjd`h jkÆV_ifr ds` pquko eÍ fuokZpd` e≥M¥ ds` xBu gsrq lwph iz.k¥h viuk;h x;h gS\ 29. 34. 39. 40.

(C) 30. (A) 31. (C) 32. (A) 33. (C) (A) 35. (B) 36. (B) 37. (C) 38. (B) (C) (A) fof| ds` 'kklu d`h |kj.k ds` vUrxZr

iz|kuea(h ls ¥sd`j lkekU; ukxfjd` rd` lHh d`kuwu ds` le{k leku gksrs gß\ lHh ds` f¥, ,d` tSls d`kuwu gksrs gß rƒk d`kuwuh Ôi ls fd`lh d`ks fo'ks"kf|d`kj izkIr ugÓ gksrs gß\ 41. (B) 42. (B) 43. (D) 44. (B) 45. (A) 42ok∑ lafo|ku la'kks|u 1976

eÍ ikfjr fd`;k x;k ƒk\ bl la'kks|u }kjk lafo|ku d`h izLrkouk eÍ 'kCn% ‘lektokn’] ‘|eZfujis{krk’ o ‘v[≥Mrk’ tksÈMs x, ƒs\

46. (A) 47. (C) 48. (B) lafo|ku

ds` Hkx pkj eÍ uhfrfunsZ'kd` rRokÍ d`k o.Zu gS\ bu rRokÍ eÍ d`Y;k.d`kjh jkT; d`h Lƒkiuk d`k (B) d`k;Zikf¥d`k d`k fuf'pr d`k;Zd`k¥ izko|ku gS\ v÷;{kkRed` 'kklu O;oLƒk d`k ¥{k. gS\ 49. (D) Hkjrh; ukxfjd`kÍ ds` ew¥ d`rZO;kÍ d`k (C) 3. (B) 4. (A) 5. (A) o.Zu lafo|ku ds` Hkx IV-A eÍ fd`;k (B) th\ vke≥M }kjk fn, x, lajpukRed`-d`k;kZRed` n~fÆVd`ks. ds` x;k gS\ ew¥ d`rZO;kÍ d`ks 42 oÍ lafo|ku vuqlkj jktuhfrd` O;oLƒk ds` fuEu la'kks|u }kjk 1976 eÍ tksÈMk x;k ƒk\ vkxr d`k;Z (Input function) gS% 1. fgr 50. (A) ljd`kfj;k vk;ksx d`h fu;qfDr ds`Unz laHj.] 2. fgr lewgu] 3. jktuhfrd` ljd`kj }kjk 1983 eÍ d`h xbZ ƒh\ vk;ksx lkekthd`j.] 4. jktuhfrd` lapkj\ us viuh fjiksVZ 1988 eÍ izLrqr d`h ƒh\ (B) ckdZ`j us ts\ ,l\ fe¥ d`ks [ks[¥h 51. (C) LorU(rk d`k elhgk d`gd`j mld`h 52. (C) lEif® ds` vf|d`kjkÍ d`ks ekSf¥d` vk¥kspuk d`h gS\ vf|d`kjkÍ ls 44oÍ lafo|ku la'kks|u }kjk (D) 9. (A) 10. (C) 1978 eÍ gVk fn;k x;k ƒk\ (B) I¥sVks ds` vuqlkj jkT; O;fDr d`k cÈMk Ôi gS\ O;fDr d`h vkRek eÍ rhu 53. (D) 54. (D) 55. (D) 56. (C) 57. (B) rRo%foosd`] lkgl o bPNk ik;s tkrs gß\ 58. (C) 59. (A) 60. (B) 61. (C) 62. (D) jkT; eÍ bUgÓ rhu rRokÍ d`ks ∂`e'k# rhu 63. (D) ∂`ksikrfd`u ,d` vjktd`rkoknh fopkjd` gS\ oxksÛ%'kkld` oxZ] lSfud` oxZ o mRiknd` 64. (B) 65. (B) 66. (C) 67. (D) 68. (B) oxZ ds` Ôi eÍ ns[k tk ld`rk gS\

m®j O;k“;k lfgr

1. 2. 6.

7.

8. 11.

12. (C) 13. (B) 14. (B) 15. (B) vjLrw us nks vk|kjkÍ

oxhZd`j. fd`;k gS% (1) 'kkld`kÍ d`h la“;k (2) ljd`kj d`k mˆs';\

ij ljd`kj d`k

69. (D) 70. (C) 71. (D) 72. (A) 73. (A) xka|hth us 1917 eÍ pEikju

lR;kxzg fd`;k ƒk\ bld`k mˆs'; uh¥ d`h [srh d`jus ok¥s fcgkj ds` fd`lkukÍ d`h leL;kvkÍ d`k lek|ku d`juk ƒk\

16. (D) 17. (A) 18. (C) 19. (C) 20. (B) 74. (B) 21. (C) 22. (D) 23. (B) 24. (C) 25. (C)

æs" i~ÆB 1668 ij

fofo| rF;%lkekU; tkud`kjh

vkokl ,oa ægjh xjhch miæeu ”s( eÍ ^xfr%i;Zo¥ksd`u (Progress in Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation Sector : An Overview) ✍ MkW\ vks\ ih\ jktiwr] Mh\,l-lh\ vius nsæ esa jkÆV_ Lrjh; vkokl uhfr;kÍ ,oa d`k;Z∂`ekÍ d`ks cukus] vkokl ,oa Hou lkefxz;kÍ/rd`uhd`kÍ ds` vk∑d`ÈMkÍ ds` ,d`(hd`j. ,oa izlkj.] Hou fuekZ. d`h ¥kxrkÍ d`ks d`e d`jus gsrq lkekU; mik;kÍ d`ks vaxhd~`r d`jus] I¥ku ;kstuk ds` f∂`;kUo;u d`h leh”k d`jus vkfn d`h ftEesnkjh vkokl ,oa ægjh xjhch miæeu ea(k¥; (Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation, Government of India–GOI) d`h gksrh gS\ Hkjr d`h ‘tux.uk%2 0 0 1 ’ ds` vuqlkj tula“;k 102·8 d`jksÈM ƒh vkSj tks orZeku esa 110

varjkZÆV_h; lg;ksx] fofæÆV d`k;Z∂`ekÍ d`k f∂`;kUo;u] gkmÏlx ,oa gMd`ks (HUDCO—Housing & Urban Development Corporation) vkfn ea(k¥; ds`

varxZr vkrs gß\ ☛ vU; mi∂`e%(i) lEc* d`k;kZ¥;— ‘NBO’ (National Building Organisation), (ii) ‘PSUs’ (Public Sector Undertaking)—‘HUDCO’ ,oa ‘HPL’ (Hindustan Prefab Ltd.), (iii) Lok;® fud`k; (Autonomous Bodies)— ‘BMTPC’ (Building Materials & Technology Promotion Council), ‘NCHF’ (National Co-operative Housing Federation of India) ,oa ‘CGEWHO’ (Central Govt. Employees Welfare Housing Organisation).

cuk;k‚ ftls 1 vizS¥] 2007 ls p¥k;k tk jgk gS\ bl ‘chl lw(h d`k;Z∂`e– 2006’ esa 20 fcUnq vkSj fuxjkuh ;ksX; 66 enÍ ækfe¥ gß\ blds` eq“; mˆs'; xjhch mUew¥u] mRiknd`rk eÍ o~ f *] vk; vlekurkvkÍ esa d`eh] lkekftd` ,oa vkfƒZd` folaxfr;kÍ d`ks nwj d`juk] vkfn gß\ mY¥s[uh; gS fd` ‘TPP’ d`ks loZizƒe Hkjr ljd`kj (GOI) us 1975 esa ¥k∑p fd`;k ƒk ftld`k izƒe fjohtu 1982 eÍ vkSj iqu# 1986 esa fd`;k x;k ƒk\ fofHUu d`k;Z∂`ekÍ d`h izxfr fjiksVksÛ d`ks lkaf“;d`h ,oa d`k;Z∂`e f∂`;kUo;u ea(k¥; (Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation, GOI) }kjk jsÏVx nh tkrh gß ftleÍ (i) Very good–90% ,oa vf|d`; (ii) Good 80-90% ,oa (iii) Poor 80% ls d`e\ ☛ 20 ¥k[ vkoklh; d`k;Z∂`e (2 MHP– Two Million Housing Programme)—‘‘jkÆV_h; vkokl ,oa i;kZokl uhfr (NHHP–National Housing & Habital Policy), 1988’’ ds` vuqlkj

d`jksÈM d`ks ikj d`j xbZ gS] D;kÍfd` tula“;k vkfƒZd` Ôi ls d`etksj oxksÛ ,oa d`e o~ f * 1·9% okf"Zd` gS] tcfd` nsæ d`k vk; ok¥s oxksÛ d`h tÔjrkÍ ij foæs" c¥ HkSxksf¥d` ”s( 1357,90 ¥k[ oxZ fd`eh\ gS] lfgr izkƒfed` ”s( ds` Ôi eÍ lHh ds` tks fo'o ds` dq`¥ Hw-Hkx d`k ek( 2·4% gS] f¥, vkokl gsrq cukbZ xbZ] ftld`h fœ`j Hh fo'o d`h 16·7% vkcknh d`k Hkj æqÔvkr 1998-99 eÍ gqbZ\ gMd`ks ogu d`juk iÈM jgk gS\ bl rst xfr ls cÈ
^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1666

ds` ”s( esa Bksl rƒk egRoiw.Z d`k;Z ,Dæu I¥kukÍ ds` f∂`;kUo;u vkSj mld`h ¥xkrkj d`j jgh gS\ o"Z 2007-08 ds` vkof|d` leh”k] laæks|u] mPpLrjh; nkSjku] Rs. 12219 d`jksÈM ls vf|d` d`h fuxjkuh lfefr xfBr d`juk vkfn ^eq[ Lohd~`fr d`jus ,oa Rs. 5,000 d`jksÈM tkjh Ôi ls gß\ d`jus d`h ;kstuk j[h xbZ ƒh vkSj bl ☛ ¥kxw L¥e lq|kj ifj;kstuk,a (Onfo®h; o"Z esa Rs. 4,514 d`jks È M d`h Going slum Improvement Project) Lohd~`fr 195 ;kstukvkÍ gsrq d`h xbZ\ UK (United Kingdom) ljd`kj ds` fu#lUnsg ‘gMd`ks’ us viuh Lƒkiuk ds` vUrjkZÆV_h; fod`kl foHkx d`h lgk;rk ls izƒe 30 o"ksÛ ds` nkSjku ægjh ,oa xzkeh. ¥kxw d`h tk jgh L¥e lq|kj ifj;kstuk eÍ ”s(Í esa 141 ¥k[ ls vf|d` fjgk;æh (i) ‘APUSP’ Andhra Pradesh Unban bd`kb;kÍ ds` f¥, lgk;rk nh gS\ ‘HUDCO’ Service for Poor xjhckÍ ds` f¥, vkU|z d`k mˆs';— ‘‘lkekftd` U;k; ds` lkƒ^nsæ ægjh lsok,a (June 1999 ls March lkƒ ¥kH’’ (Profitability with Social 2008 rd`‚%oxZ I ds` 42 uxj ¥kHkfUor« Justice”). ☛

jkÆV_h; Hou laxBu (NBO—National Building Organisation)—(iquxZBu ekpZ] 2006)—3 fnlEcj] 2005 d`ks æqÔ d`j ‘JNNURM’ (Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission) d`k

mˆs'; ægjh uohuhd`j. feæu esa bl iq u xZ B u d`ks foæs " egRo ns d `j] mY¥s[uh; le>k x;k] tks nsæ esa æqÔ d`h xbZ vc rd` d`h ig¥h foæk¥re ig¥ gS ftls 7 o"ksÛ (2005–2012) d`h vof| rd` p¥k;k tkosxk\ ftleÍ Hkjr ljd`kj jkT;kÍ d`ks Rs. 50,000 d`jksÈM d`h ds`Unzh; lgk;rk d`ks opuc* gS\ vc rd` vPNh izxfr ns[h xbZ gS\ ☛ jkÆV_h; usVodZ`-fuekZ. ds`Unz/fufeZr ds`Unz

(ii) KUSP (Kolkata Urban Service for the Poor programme)%ifj;ks t uk vof| 14 tuojh] 2006 ls 31 ekpZ] 2011 rd`« KMA—Kolkata Metropolitan Area); (iii) MPUSP (Madhya Pradesh Urban Service for the PoorProgramme)%vof| 1 flrEcj] 2006 ls 31 fnlEcj] 2011 rd`« d`ojst%

Hksik¥] bUnkSj] tc¥iqj ,oa Xokf¥;j« rƒk (iv) BUSP (Bihar Urban Service for the Poor)% ^ƒe Js.h ds` 14 ægjkÍ eÍ vkrs gß\ ☛ efg¥k Lojkstxkj ,oa læfDrd`j. ;kstuk (Women Self Employment & Empowerment Yojana) %‘SJSRY’ ds` vUrxZr lHh jkT;kÍ/la? ækflr ^nsækÍ (UTs) eÍ nsæ eÍ ægjh xjhch d`ks tÈM ls (National Network of Nirman m[kÈMus ds` f¥, efg¥k Lojkstxkj ,oa Kendra’s/Nirmithi Kendras)% læfDrd`j. ;g ;kstuk f∂`;kfUor gS] æqÔvkr 1988; ftls 10oÓ ;kstuk eÍ cUn ftleÍ efg¥k ¥kHkfƒZ;kÍ d`k ^frær 30% fd`;k x;k] fœ`j Hh gMd`ks (HUDCO) us ls d`e ugÓ gksxk\ ¥kHkfƒZ;kÍ }kjk nh tkus i;kZoj. vuqdw`¥] ifjfLƒfr d`h n~fÆV ls ok¥h ekftZu euh ifj;kstuk ¥kxr d`k leqfpr] ˜tkZ eÍ n” d`k;Z d`jus eÍ 5% gks rk gS\ fVd`km] lqUnj ,oa lLrs Hou d`h n~fÆV ls nsæ eÍ fufeZr ds`Unz vkUnks¥u d`ks etcwr ☛ vU; mi¥fC|;k∑ (Other Achievements) cukus ds` vius ^;kl tkjh j[s\ bu ds`UnzkÍ d`k eq“; mˆs';%Agent of Transfer of ✪ Projects/Schemes for NE States

Appropriate Construction Technology vƒkZrΩ ‘Lab to Land’ j[k x;k\ dq`¥ 577 Building Centres d`h Lƒkiuk d`h xbZ ftleÍ ls 352 ds`Unz (68% lœ`¥rk‚ d`k;Zjr gß\ o"Z 2007–08 eÍ ,d`

(7 Sisters of India) ‘MUD & PA’ (Ministry of Urban Development & Poverty Alleviation) us NE States (7 Sisters of India) ,oa flfDd`e gs r q

œ`jojh] 2007 d`ks vk;ksftr d`h xbZ vkSj lq>kokÍ ij vko';d` vuqorhZ d`k;Zokgh d`h xbZ\ ✪ lrdZ`rk xfrfof|;k∑ (Vigilance Activities)%lrdZ`rk d`k;Z eÍ fuokj.q fuxjkuh o [kst rƒk n≥MkRed` d`k;Zokgh vkrh gß\ nks"h/vijkf|;kÍ ij ‘HzÆVkpkj fuokj. vf|fu;e] 1988’ (Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988) ds` rgrΩ fu;ekÍ ds` varxZr n≥M ¥xk, tkrs gß\ ✪ Public Grievance Cell (‘PGC’)% ea(k¥;/foHkxkÍ ls ^kIr fæd`k;rkÍ d`h lquokbZ d`jus ,oa muds` rqjUr fuiVkus gsrq ‘PGC’ (Public Grievance Cell) d`h Lƒkiuk d`h xbZ gS\ fnlEcj 31, 2007 rd` iqjkuh 502 fæd`k;rÍ ¥fEcrq 375 fæd`k;rÍ ^kIr vkfn d`k fuiVkjk fd`;k x;k\ bld`h Website : www. urbanindia. nic.in gS\ ea(k¥;%M H & U P A (Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation, GOI) d`h Website— www.urban india.nic.in ✪ ‘NCHF’ (National Co-operative Housing Federation) of India—;g

,d` jkÆV_ Lrjh; laxBu gS\ blds` }kjk lao|ZukRed` xfrfof|;k∑ (Promotional Activities), fæ”.] Vs_¯ux ,oa vuqla|ku] lEes¥u/laxksfÆB;k∑ ^d`kæ] Hkoh d`k;Z∂`e vkfn o.Z ds` nkSjku d`h xbZ\ mueÍ ls ^eq[ jgs% (i) Conferences/Seminars— National Seminar on Right to Information & Co-operatives (25th may 2007, p≥MhxÈ<‚« 54th All India Co-operative Week (14–20 Nov, 07); Regional Workshop on Housing Cooperatives for Eastern States (2 Nov. 2007 by NCHF, iVuk‚

vkfn\ (ii) Training Programme—Orientation Programme—27 April] 2007; elw j h« Management Development Programme—10– 13 July, 2007 euk¥h vkfn\ (iii) Exhibitions—28 tq ¥ kbZ ls 1 vxLr 2007, ukjk;.xÈ<] ft¥kvEck¥k gfj;k.k« International Technology Workshop—

ea(k¥;/foHkxkÍ ds` dq`¥ ctV ^ko|ku d`h 10% jkfæ eÍ fod`kl ;kstukvkÍ ij [pZ gsrq dq`N ;kstuk,a cukbZ gß\ tSls%(i) vkokl ifj;kstuk,a ·eq“; Ôi ls ægjh ☛ NUHHP (National Urban Housing xjhckÍ gsrq‚« (ii) xjhch miæeu ifj& Habitat Policy)—2007 bl uohu ;kstuk,a (Poverty Alleviation Projects) uhfr d`ks iqjkuh NUHHP, 1998’ eÍ ,oa (iii) L¥e lq|kj\ mUu;u ifj;kstuk,a\ lq|kj d`j] vfUre Ôi fn;k x;k gS] o"Z 2007–08 ds` nkSjku] bu pk¥w ftld`k mˆs'; oguh; ¥kxrkÍ ij vkfƒZd` fd`œ`k;rh fuekZ. ^kS»ksfxd`h ifj;kstukvkÍ gsrq Rs. 50 d`jksÈM vkoafVr n~fÆV ls d`etksj] oxksÛ/d`e vk; oxksÛ ,oa d`k;Zæk¥k] iVuk ·fcgkj‚ 27–28 fd`, x,\ bu ifj;kstukvkÍ eÍ vPNh ^xfr lekt ds` vU; lHh rcd`kÍ d`ks ægjh fnlEcj] 2007 vkfn\ ns [ h tk jgh gS \ vkokl vkSj vU; cqfu;knh bUœz`kLV_Dpj eqgS;k d`jokuk gS\ vƒkZrΩ ¥{; (Goal)— ✪ fgUnh d`k ^xkeh ^;ksx (Progressive ✪ ‘BMTPC’ (Building Materials & Use of Hindi)%ea ( k¥;/foHkxkÍ }kjk Technology Promotion Council)% ‘lcds` f¥, oguh; ed`ku’ (Affordable Housing for All) j[k x;k gS\ ljd`kjh d`ked`kt eÍ fgUnh ds` ^;ksx d`ks ·Lƒkiuk 1990–91) %bld`k mˆs'; ‘NUHHP, 2007’ ds` vUrxZr ,Dæu cÈ
^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1667

development & Field Application) gS\ ‘VAMBAY’ (Valmiki Ambedkar Awas Yojana) }kjk Demonstration Houses, ukxiqj ·egkjkÆV_‚] nsgjknwu

·m®jk[≥M‚] dq`nk¥w ·d`ukZVd`‚] fc¥kliqj ·N®hlxÈ<‚ vkfn cÈMs iSekus ij fd`, x, gß\ ☛ lkjka æ (Summary)%mi;qZDr fooj. ls LiÆV gksrk gS fd` nsæ eÍ vkokl ,oa ægjh xjhch miæeu (Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation) ds` ”s( eÍ d`kœ`h ^xfr ns[h tk jgh gS] fœ`j Hh nsæ d`h fujUrj rst xfr ls cÈ
(A) 1990–91 (C) 1980–81

1. (A) 2. (A) 3. (B)

4. (C)

5. (A)

●●●

æs" i~ÆB 1653 d`k

‘vgLr”si d`h uhfr’ d`k fopkj ,Me fLeƒ us fn;k ƒk\ vkfƒZd` eke¥kÍ eÍ jkT; }kjk gLr”si u d`jus d`k fopkj ud`kjkRed` mnkjokn d`h ,d` ^eq[ foæs"rk gS\

38. 40.

41. 46.

47. 48. 49.

50.

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ds` vuqlkj LorU(rk d`jus ;ksX; o miHksx d`jus ;ksX; d`k;ksÛ/oLrqvkÍ d`ks (C) 39. (C) d`jus o miHksx d`jus d`h ld`kjkRed` (D) lafo|ku d`h |kjk 75(1) ds` vuqlkj ”erk gS\ ds`Unz eÍ eaf(;kÍ d`h fu;qfDr ^|kuea(h d`h 89. (B) ;»fi ;g Lej.h; gS fd` fgrl¥kg ij jkÆV_ifr }kjk d`h tkrh gS\ LoÔihd`j.] fofæÆV vƒksÛ eÍ] jktuhfr vuqPNsn 75(2) ds ` vuq l kj ea ( h] n¥kÍ d`k d`k;Z ugÓ gS\ vke≥M us fgr jkÆV_ifr ds` ^lkni;ZUr vius in ij cus LoÔihd`j. d`ks ncko lewgkÍ d`k d`k;Z jgrs gß\ vuqPNsn 75(3) eÍ eaf(;kÍ ds` ekuk gS\ lkewfgd` m®jnkf;Ro d`k ^ko|ku gS rƒk O;fDrxr m®jnkf;Ro d`k ^ko|ku ugÓ 90. (B) 91. (B) 92. (B) vjLrw us ¥ksxkÍ ds` e÷; lekurk d`h gS\ |kj.k d`k leƒZu ugÓ fd`;k] ojuΩ blds` (D) 42. (A) 43. (B) 44. (D) 45. (C) foijhr mlus nkl ^ƒk d`ks mfpr crk;k (B) fnukad` 3 ebZ] 1969 ls fnukad` 20 gS\ tq¥kbZ] 1969 rd` oh\ oh\ fxfj Hkjr ds` 93. (C) 94. (D) 95. (A) 96. (A) 97. (D) ig¥s d`k;Zokgd` jkÆV_ifr jgs\ rRi'pkrΩ 20 tq¥kbZ] 1969 ls 24 vxLr] 1969 98. (B) 99. (D)100. (C) rƒk loksZPp U;k;k¥; ds` eq“; U;k;k|hæ ●●● ,e\ fgnk;rqY¥k d`k;Zokgd` jkÆV_ifr jgs] D;kÍfd` ml le; jkÆV_ifr o mijkÆV_ifr æs" i~ÆB 1665 d`k nksukÍ ds` gh in fjDr ƒs\ (A) 75. (A) Hkjrh; jkÆV_h; d`kaxzsl us tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ d`h v÷;{krk eÍ iw.Z LojkT; d`k (A) ^kDd`¥u lfefr ds` lHh 30 lnL; izLrko 31 fnlEcj] 1929 d`ks ¥kgkSj ds`o¥ ¥ksd` lHk ls gksrs gß\ vf|os 'ku eÍ Lohd`kj fd`;k ƒk\ (D) vuqPNsn 143 ds` vuqlkj l¥kgd`kjh ”s(kf|d`kj loksZPp U;k;k¥; d`ks 76. (D) 77. (C) ^nku fd`;k x;k gS\ 78. (C) ,e\ ,u\ jk; us ‘uo-ekuorkokn d`k (D) 51. (B) 52. (C) 53. (A) 54. (A) fl*kUr fn;k gS\ n¥-foghu iztkrU( d`k leƒZu t;izd`k'k ukjk;u us fd`;k gS\ (A)

p¥k;k tk jgk gS = 55. (A) 1 v^S¥] 2007 56. (D) ljd`kfj;k d`ehæu d`h fu;qfDr (B) 1 v^S¥] 2006 1983 eÍ d`h x;h ƒh\ bl vk;ksx us (C) 1 v^S¥] 2008 ds`Unz-jkT; lEcU|kÍ ij viuh fjiksVZ (D) bueÍ ls ugÓ 1988 eÍ lkßih ƒh\ 03. ‘vkbZ \ ,¥\ lh\ ,l\’ (‘ILCS’— Integrated Low Cost Sanitation Scheme) d`h æqÔvkr d`c gqbZ ƒh`= ftls iq u # 17 tuojh] 2008 rd`

80. (C) 81. (B)

83. (B) 84. (A) 85. (C) 86. (B) 87. (A)

tcfd` MkW\ vEcsMd`j lafo|ku lHk d`h ^kÔi lfefr ds` v÷;” ƒs\

‘Lo.Z t;arh ægjh jkstxkj ;kstuk’

(SJSRY–Swarn Jayanti Shahari Rojgar Yojana) d`c ls æqÔ d`h xbZ = (A) 1 fnlEcj] 1997 (B) 1 fnlEcj] 1999 (C) 1 fnlEcj] 1998 (D) 1 fnlEcj] 1995 02. iqjkus ‘20 Point Programme (TPP)’ d`ks iqu# vuqeksfnr d`j ‘20 Point Programme (TPP)–2006’ d`c ls

75. (D) 76. (A) 77. (C) 78. (D) 79. (B) 82. (C)

m®jek¥k

oLrqfuÆB ^'u 01.

(B) 1970–71 (D) 1960–61

57. (C) 58. (D) 59. (D) 60. (A) 61. (B) 62. (A) 63. (D) 64. (A) 65. (B) 66. (A) 67. (D)

79. (D) 80. (C) 81. (D) 82. (B) 83. (B) 84. (C) 85. (A) 86. (C) 87. (D) 88. (D) 89. (B) 90. (A) 91. (B) 92. (B) 93. (A)

lkdZ` (SAARC) d`h Lƒkiuk rRd`k¥hu cax¥kns'k ds` jkÆV_ifr ft;kmj-jgeku ds` iz;klkÍ ls fnlEcj 1985 eÍ
94. (C)

,u\ ih\ Vh\ vƒok ukWu-^ks¥hœ`jsæu V_hVh 1968, vkf≥od` fu#æL(hd`j. d`h ,d` lfU| gS\ ;g ,d` laxBu ugÓ gS\ 95. (C) 96. (A) (A) 1970–71 (B) 1980–81 68. (A) 97. (A) xqV-fujis{k ns'kkÍ d`k ig¥k f'k[j (C) 1990–91 (D) 2000–01 lEes¥u 1961 eÍ ;wxksL¥kfo;k d`h lkdZ ` ns æ kÍ d`k 14 ok∑ fæ[j lEes ¥ u 69. (A) 04. ‘gMd`ks’ (HUDCO—Housing & jkt|kuh cs¥xzsM eÍ lEiUu gqvk ƒk\ bl 3-4 v^S¥] 2007 d`ks fnY¥h eÍ gqvk ƒk] Urban Development Corporation lEes ¥ u eÍ 25 ns'kkÍ us Hkx f¥;k ƒk\ tcfd` 15ok∑ fæ[j lEes¥u 2-3 vxLr] Ltd.)%,d` vxz.h ,oa ^pk¥u Lƒkid` 2008 d`ks d`ks ¥ Ecks eÍ lEiUu gq v k\ 98. (B) 99. (D) 100. (D)101. (B)102. (D) ds` Ôi eÍ mHjh] d`c æqÔ d`h xbZ ƒh`= (A) 1990 eÍ (B) 1980 eÍ 70. (D) 71. (D) 72. (C) 73. (B) 103. (D) 104. (C) 105. (A)106. (A)107. (C) (C) 1970 eÍ (D) 1960 eÍ 74. (D) ‘^tkrkfU(d` lektokn’ ifjorZu ds` 108. (C) 109. (A) 110. (B)111. (A)112. (C) 05. ‘BMTPC’ (Building Materials & ækfUriw.Z lk|ukÍ eÍ fo'okl d`jrk gS\ 113. (A) 114. (C) 115. (C)116. (B) 117. (B) Technology Promotion Council) d`h ;g ∂`kfUrd`kjh o ¯glkRed` lk|ukÍ d`k ●●● 118. (A) 119. (D) 120. (D) Lƒkiuk d`c gqbZ ƒh = fojks| d`jrk gS\ f∂`;kfUor fd`;k x;k] rkfd` ^kƒfed` ew¥ mˆs'; d`ks Hh iwjk fd`;k tk lds` =

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1668

cßd` vkWœ` cÈMkSnk ·ih\ vks\‚ ijh”k 5-10-2008 d`k g¥ ^'u–i(

rdZ`æfDr ijh”k ·Le~fr ij vk÷kkfjr‚

12.

nk,a ls rsjgoÍ rRo ds` nk,a ik∑pok∑ rRo d`kSulk gS= (A) E (C) J (E) bueÍ

(B) ↑ (D) K

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 13. mi;qZâ` O;oLƒk ds` vk|kj ij fuEuf¥f[r Δk~a[¥k eÍ ^'ufpÕ ds` Lƒku 1. ,d` fuf'pr dw`V Hk"k eÍ ‘JUST’ d`ks gS] d`k¥s d`ks ¥k¥ d`gk tkrk gS rƒk ij D;k vk,xk= ‘#@%$’ rƒk ‘LATE’ d`ks ‘©↑$★’ ¥k¥ d`ks lœs`n d`gk tkrk gS] rks gYnh T # 6, 7 K $, L 3 %, ? f¥[k tkrk gS] mlh dw`V Hk"k eÍ d`k jax D;k gS= (A) @ 2 A (B) A @ 2 ‘TASTE’ d`ks dS`ls f¥[k tk,xk= (A) ukjaxh (B) gjk (C) P 2 @ (D) 2P@ (A) ★↑%$★ (B) $↑%$★ (C) lœs`n (D) d`k¥k (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (C) $↑%★$ (D) $%↑%★ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 08. æCn ‘INHERITANCE’ ds` ig¥s] 14. ck,a vUr ls nloÍ ds` ck,a rhljk rRo d`kSulk gS= 02. fuEuf¥f[r ik∑p eÍ pkj fd`lh rjg rhljs] ik∑poÍ vkSj X;kjgoÍ v”jkÍ d`ks (A) K (B) 3 leku gS vkSj bl rjg os ,d` lewg ds`o¥ ,d` ckj ^;ksx d`jds` ;fn d`ksbZ (C) P (D) $ cukrs gß\ mueÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` ,slk gS lkƒZd` æCn cukuk lEHo gks] rks ml tks bl lewg eÍ ugÓ vkrk gS= æCn d`k nwljk v”j gh vkid`k m®j (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ gksxk\ ;fn ,sls ,d` ls vf|d` æCn 15. nh xbZ O;oLƒk eÍ ,sls fd`rus v”j gß (A) 25 (B) 64 cuk, tk ld`rs gkÍ rks m®j ‘X’ gS] (C) 189 (D) 225 ftueÍ ls ^R;sd` ds` rqjUr ig¥s ,d` ;fn bl ^d`kj d`k d`ksbZ æCn ugÓ (E) 121 ^rhd` gS] fd`Urq rqjUr ckn ,d` la“;k cuk;k tk ld`rk gks] rks vkid`k m®j ugÓ gS = 03. æCn ‘AIPR’ ds` ^R;sd` v”j d`ks ‘Y’ gS\ (A) d`ksbZ ugÓ (B) ,d` ds`o¥ ,d` ckj ^;ksx d`jds` vaxzsth ds ` (A) E (B) I (C) nks (D) rhu fd`rus lkƒZd` æCn cuk, tk ld`rs gß = (C) R (D) X (E) rhu ls vf|d` (A) d`ksbZ ugÓ (B) ,d` (E) Y (C) nks (D) rhu 16. nh xbZ O;oLƒk eÍ vius Lƒku ds` 09. fuEuf¥f[r ik∑p eÍ ls pkj fd`lh rjg (E) rhu ls vf|d` vk|kj ij fuEuf¥f[r ik∑p eÍ ls pkj leku gß vkSj bl ^d`kj os viuk lewg fd`lh ^d`kj leku gß vr# mud`k 04. æCn ‘DOMESTIC’ eÍ v”jkÍ ds` cukrs gß\ mueÍ ls d`kSulk ,d` bl ,d` lewg curk gS\ og ,d` d`kSulk fd`rus ;qXe ,sls gß ftuds` chp mrus gh lewg eÍ ugÓ vkrk gS`= gS tks bl lewg eÍ ugÓ vkrk gS= v”j gß ftrus fd` vaxzsth o.Zek¥k eÍ (A) CE (B) KI (A) KL$ (B) P23 gksrs gß = (C) FD (D) WU (C) 2J@ (D) L3I (A) d`ksbZ ugÓ (B) ,d` (E) MK (E) 4D★ (C) nks (D) rhu 10. ufUnuh] enu d`h cgu laxhrk ds` HkbZ 17. nh xbZ O;oLƒk ls lkjh la“;k,a fud`k¥ (E) rhu ls vf|d` d`h ,d`ek( iq(h gS\ ufUnuh] enu ls nh tk,a rks d`kSulk rRo ck,a ls ukSok∑ 05. la“;k ‘7346285’ eÍ fd`rus vad` ,sls fd`l ^d`kj lEcfU|r gS= gksxk= gß tks la“;k eÍ ^kjEH eÍ mruh nwj gß (A) iq(h (B) Hrhth (A) % (B) L ftruk fd` os la“;k ds` vad`kÍ d`ks cÈ
;fn ;k rks fuÆd`"Z I ;k II 23. d`ƒu # vuqlj. d`jrk gS\ lHh fiDplZ iͯVXl gß\ (D) ;fn u rks fuÆd`"Z I vkSj u gh lHh iͯVXl œ`ksVksxzkœ` gß\ II vuqlj. d`jrk gS\ dq`N œ`ksVksxzkœ` fMtkbu gß\ (E) ;fn fuÆd`"Z I vkSj II nksukÍ vuqdq`N fMtkbu ewoh gß\ lj. d`jrs gß\ fuÆd`"Z # 18. d`ƒu # I. dq`N iÍfVXl fMtkbu gß\ II. dq`N œ`ksVksxzkœ` ewoh gß\ dq`N Ldw`¥ d`kW¥st gß\ dq`N d`kW¥st fo'ofo»k¥; gß\ 24. d`ƒu # lHh fo'ofo»k¥; laLƒku gß\ dq`N Vsc¥sV dS`Ilw¥ gß\ lHh dS`Ilw¥ lhji gß\ lHh laLƒku d`”k gß\ dq`N lhji nokb;k∑ gß fuÆd`"Z # lHh nokb;k∑ ikmMj gß\ I. dq`N d`kW¥st d`”k gß\ fuÆd`"Z # II. lHh fo'ofo»k¥; d`”k gß\ I. dq`N lhji ikmMj gß\ 19. d`ƒu # II. dq`N lhji Vsc¥sV gß\ dq`N Nkrs jsud`ksV gß\ 25. d`ƒu # lHh jsud`ksV æVZ gß\ dq`N Ôe Œ¥SV gß\ d`ksbZ æVZ C¥stj ugÓ gS\ lHh Œ¥SV fcfYMax gß\ dq`N C¥stj lwV gß\ dq`N fcfYMax cax¥s gß\ fuÆd`"Z # lHh cax¥s vikVZesUV gß\ I. dq`N æVZ Nkrs gß\ fuÆd`"Z # II. dq`N lwV jsud`ksV gß\ I. dq`N Œ¥SV cax¥s gß\ 20. d`ƒu # II. dq`N vikVZesUV fcfYMax gß\ dq`N d`EI;wVj cksMZ gß\ funsZæ%·^'u 26 ls 30 rd`‚ bu ^'ukÍ dq`N cksMZ pkWd` gß\ ds` m®j nsus ds` f¥, fuEuf¥f[r tkud`kjh lHh pkWd` cYc gß\ d`ks ÷;ku ls ifÈ<,% d`ksbZ cYc VΩ;wc¥kbV ugÓ gS\ vf'ouh] f^;k] lq|k] jkuh] ehrk] xhrk fuÆd`"Z # vkSj eqâ`k ds`Unz d`h vksj eq∑g fd`, ,d` o~® ds` fxnZ cSBs gß\ vf'ouh eqâ`k ds` ck,a rhljh I. dq`N cYc d`EI;wVj gß\ vkSj jkuh ds` rqjUr nk,a gS\ f^;k] xhrk ds` II. d`ksbZ pkWd` VΩ;wc¥kbV ugÓ gS\ ck,a nwljh gS tks ehrk d`h fud`VLƒ 21. d`ƒu # iÈMkslh ugÓ gS\ lHh njokts œ`æZ gß\ 26. f^;k ds` rqjUr nk,a d`kSu gS = dq`N œ`æZ VkbYl gß\ (A) ehrk lHh VkbYl iÍV gß\ (B) lq|k dq`N iÍV iRƒj gß\ (C) eqâ`k fuÆd`"Z # (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS I. dq`N œ`æZ iÍV gß\ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ II. dq`N njokts VkbYl gß\ 27. jkuh ds` ck,a nwljk d`kSu gS= 22. d`ƒu # (A) vf'ouh (B) ehrk dq`N i®s ia[qfÈM;k∑ gß\ (C) f^;k (D) lq|k dq`N ia[qfÈM;k∑ œw`¥ gß\ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ lHh œw`¥ œ`¥ gß\ 28. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l tksÈMs eÍ ^ƒe dq`N œ`¥ uVΩl gß\ O;fâ` nwljs ds` rqjUr ck,a cSBk gS= fuÆd`"Z # (A) jkuh–ehrk (B) vf'ouh–xhrk I. dq`N uVΩl œw`¥ gß\ (C) lq|k–f^;k (D) xhrk–lq|k II. d`ksbZ uV œw`¥ ugÓ gß\ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (C)

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1670

fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls fd`l lewg eÍ ^ƒe O;fâ` æs" nksukÍ ds` chp cSBk gS= (A) ehrk%vf'ouh%xhrk (B) lq|k%jkuh%xhrk (C) eqâ`k%f^;k%jkuh (D) eqâ`k%f^;k%lq|k (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 30. eqâ`k ds` lUnHZ eÍ jkuh d`k lgh Lƒku fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk gS= (1) nk,a rhljk (2) ck,a rhljk (3) ck,a pkSƒk (4) nk,a pkSƒk (A) ds`o¥ (1) (B) ds`o¥ (2) (C) (1) vkSj (2) nksukÍ (D) (2) vkSj (4) nksukÍ (E) (1) vkSj (3) nksukÍ funsZæ%·^'u 31 ls 37 rd`‚ bueÍ ls ^R;sd` ^'u eÍ v”jkÍ d`k ,d` lewg vkSj mlds` ckn vad`kÍ vkSj ^rhd`kÍ ds` pkj la;kstu (A), (B), (C) vkSj (D) fn, x, gß\ uhps nh xbZ ;kstuk vkSj ærksÛ ds` vuqlkj v”j] vad`kÍ/^rhd`kÍ ls d`ksM fd`, tkus gß\ tks la;kstu v”jkÍ ds` lewg d`k lgh fuÔi. d`jrk gS\ mld`k v”jkad` vkid`k m®j gS\ ;fn d`ksbZ Hh la;kstu lgh ugÓ gS] rks vkid`k m®j (E) vƒkZrΩ ‘bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ’ gS\ v”j # 29.

TLFARNIGHKEMDU

vad`/^rhd` d`ksM # 39% $ 2 4 ★ 615# @ 78

ærsÛ # (i) ig¥k v”j Loj vkSj vfUre v”j O;atu gS rks nksukÍ d`ks Loj ds` d`ksM ls d`ksM d`juk gS\ (ii) ig¥k vkSj vfUre v”j nksukÍ gh O;atu gSa] rks nksukÍ d`ks © ds ` Ôi eÍ d`ksM d`juk gS\ (iii) ig¥k v”j O;atu vkSj vfUre v”j Loj gS] rks muds` d`ksM ijLij cn¥ nsus gß\ 31. GTAFKU (A) 63$%58 (B) 63$%56 (C) 83$%58 (D) 83$%56 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 32. EHMDRA (A) #1@72$ (B) $L@72# (C) #1@72# (D) $1@72$ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

33. ITDELM (A) ★37#9@ (B) @37#9@ (C) ★37#9★ (D) @37#9★ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

39.

34. FHKERD (A) %15#27 (B) ©15#2© (C) %15#2% (D) 715#2% (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

40.

35. AHERFU (A) $1#2%$ (B) 81#2%8 (C) 81#2%$ (D) $1%3#8 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

41.

36. NMTARI (A) 4@3$2★ (B) ★@3$24 (C) ★@3$2★ (D) ©@3$2© (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ

d`ƒu # L @ D, D © P, P # V, V % G fuÆd`"Z # I. P % L II. G @ P

d`ƒu # E % W, W © Q, Q $ T, T @ H fuÆd`"Z # I. H # W II. H # E

d`ƒu # J © T, T @ H, H % I, I $ L fuÆd`"Z # I. L © H II. J © I

42.

d`ƒu # R @ Q, Q % P, P © V, V # M fuÆd`"Z # I. R @ P II. R # P

ugÓ

37. HTKILF (A) 135★9% (B) %35★9% (C) ©35★9© (D) 135★91 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

cSMfeUVu] fczt] gkWd`h] œq`Vck¥ vkSj ¥kWu Vsful ilUn gS\ tÔjh ugÓ fd` blh ∂`e eÍ\ bueÍ ls ^R;sd` d`ks v¥x–v¥x ok» vƒkZrΩ flrkj] fxVkj] gkeksZfu;e] ckalqjh] rc¥k] cSUtks vkSj larwj ilan gS\ tÔjh ugÓ fd` blh ∂`e eÍ\ B d`ks dS`je vkSj cSUtks ilUn gS\ E d`ks fczt [s¥uk ilUn gS] fd`Urq gkeksZfu;e ;k rc¥k ctkuk ugÓ\ gkWd`h [s¥us ok¥k flrkj ctkrk gS\ F fxVkj ctkrk gS] fd`Urq Vsc¥ Vsful ;k ¥kWu Vsful ugÓ [s¥rk gS\ A cSMfeUVu [s¥rk gS vkSj ckalqjh ctkrk gS\ tks ¥kWu Vsful [s¥rk gS og rc¥k ugÓ ctkrk gS\ C gkeksZfu;e ctkrk gS vkSj G gkWd`h [s¥rk gS\ 46. d`kSu larwj ctkrk gS = (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

D A E D ;k E

funsZæ%·^'u 43 ls 45 rd`‚ bu ^'ukÍ d`k m®j nsus ds` f¥, uhps nh xbZ bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ tkud`kjh d`k ÷;kuiwoZd` v÷;;u d`hft,% 47. D d`kSulk [s¥ [s¥rk gS= ‘P × Q’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘P, Q d`h iRuh gS’\ (A) Vsc¥ Vsful ‘P ÷ Q’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘P, Q d`k firk gS’\ (B) ¥kWu Vsful ‘P + Q’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘P, Q d`k iq( gS’\ (C) œq`Vck¥ ‘P – Q’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘P, Q d`h cgu gS’\ (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS 43. H + I ÷ L eÍ L d`k H ls D;k lEcU| (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ gS= 48. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ [s¥–O;fâ`–ok» d`k (A) HkbZ (B) cgu d`kSulk la;kstu fuf'pr Ôi ls lgh (C) d`ftu (D) HkbZ ;k cgu gS= (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (A) cSMfeUVu%B%ckalqjh 44. fuEuf¥f[r eÍ ls d`kSulk ;g fuÔfir (B) Vsc¥ Vsful%E%larwj d`jrk gS fd` ‘S, T d`h ekrk gS = (C) ¥kWu Vsful%D%rc¥k (A) S × M ÷ H – T (D) Vsc¥ Vsful%C%rc¥k (B) S × M + H – T (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (C) M × S ÷ H – T 49. œq`Vck¥ d`kSu [s¥rk gS= (D) M × S ÷ H + T

funsZæ%·^'u 38 ls 42 rd`‚ ^rhd` vkSj © fuEukuqlkj v¥x– v¥x vƒksÛ eÍ ^;qâ` fd`, x, gß\ ‘A @ B’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘A, B ls NksVk gS ’\ ‘A # B’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘A, B ls NksVk ugÓ gS’\ ‘A $ B’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘A, u rks B ls NksVk vkSj u gh cÈMk gS ’\ ‘A % B’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘A, B ls cÈMk gS’\ ‘A © B’ d`k vƒZ gS ‘A, B ls cÈMk ugÓ gS’\ uhps fn, x, ^R;sd` ^'u eÍ fn, x, d`ƒukÍ d`ks lR; ekurs gq, ;g irk ¥xkb, fd` muds` uhps fn, x, fuÆd`"Z I vkSj II eÍ (A) C (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ls d`kSulk/d`kSuls fuf'pr Ôi ls lR; (B) D 45. J – F + R × B eÍ R d`k J ls D;k gS/gß\ m®j nhft,% (C) G lEcU| gS= (A) ;fn ds`o¥ fuÆd`"Z I lR; gS\ (D) F (A) firk (B) ;fn ds`o¥ fuÆd`"Z II lR; gS\ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (B) ekrk (C) ;fn ;k rks fuÆd`"Z I ;k fuÆd`"Z 50. Vsc¥ Vsful d`kSu [s¥rk gS= (C) iSVuZ¥ vkaV II lR; gS\ (A) C (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk (D) ;fn u rks fuÆd`"Z I vkSj u gh (B) F fuÆd`"Z II lR; gS\ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (C) D (E) ;fn fuÆd`"Z I vkSj II nksukÍ lR; funsZæ%·^'u 46 ls 50 rd`‚ bu (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk gß\ ^'ukÍ ds` m®j nsus ds` f¥, fuEuf¥f[r (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ tkud`kjh d`k ÷;kuiwoZd` v÷;;u d`hft,% 38. d`ƒu # F # H, H % K, K $ R, R © M A, B, C, D, E, F vkS j G ,d` funsZæ%·^'u 51 ls 60 rd`‚ ,d` fuÆd`"Z # I. F % R LiksVΩZl D¥c ds` lnL; gß\ bUgÍ v¥x– laxBu eÍ vf|d`kfj;kÍ ds` p;u lEcU|h v¥x [s¥ vƒkZrΩ dS`je] Vsc¥ Vsful] ekun≥M fn, x, gß% II. F # M @, #, $, %

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1671

mEehnokj # (i) us ^ƒe Js.h eÍ d`e–ls–d`e 60% vad` lfgr HSC d`h ijh”k ikl d`h gksuh pkfg,\ (ii) us d`e–ls–d`e 55% vad` lfgr fd`lh Hh vuqæklu eÍ Lukrd` d`h fMxzh ikl d`h gksuh pkfg,\ (iii) us d`EI;wVj foKku eÍ lfVZfœ`ds`V/ fMI¥ksek/fMxzh ikBΩ;∂`e iwjk fd`;k gkasuk pkfg,\ (iv) d`h vk;q rƒk 1-7-2008, 21 o"Z ls d`e ugÓ vkSj 30 o"Z ls vf|d` ugÓ gksuh pkfg,\ ;fn d`ksbZ mEehnokj mi;qZâ` lHh ekun≥M iwjs d`jrk gS flok;% ·d`‚ mi;qZâ` (ii) fd`Urq Lukrd`ks®j gS] rks eke¥k d`k;Zik¥d` funsæd` (ED) d`ks Hstk tkuk pkfg,\ ·[‚ mi;qZâ` (iii) fd`Urq mlus ikBΩ;∂`e ds` ,d` fo"; ds` Ôi eÍ d`EI;wVj foKku iÈ
53.

54.

55.

56.

mlus d`EI;wVj foKku eÍ ,d` fMI¥ksek iwjk fd`;k gS\ mlus uoEcj] 2007 eÍ 25 o"Z d`h vk;q iwjh d`h gS\ jkt xzksoj us ^ƒe Js.h eÍ 8 9 % vad` lfgr HSC ijh”k ikl d`h gS\ blds` ckn mlus 6 eghus d`k d`EI;wVj eÍ lfVZfœ`ds`V d`kslZ fd`;k gS vkSj orZeku eÍ og bathfu;¯jx fMxzh ijh”k ds` vfUre o"Z eÍ iÈ< jgk gS\ mld`h tUe rkjh[ 28-12-1980 gS\ æfed`k xqIrk ,d` foKku Lukrd` gS\ 2006 eÍ] 22 o"Z d`h mez eÍ mlus 47% vad` lfgr Lukrd` ijh”k ikl d`h gS\ mls HSC eÍ 64% vad` fe¥s ƒs\ mlus 58% vad` lfgr M. Sc. Hh ikl d`h gS\ mlus d`EI;wVlZ eÍ lfVZfœ`ds`V d`kslZ fd`;k gS\ tLehu us 62% vad` lfgr ^ƒe Js.h eÍ d`EI;wVj foKku eÍ Lukrd`ks®j ijh”k ikl d`h gS\ mlus HSC eÍ 81% vad` ik, gß\ mld`h tUe rkjh[ 17-6-1979 gS\ ';ke¥k us 63% vad` lfgr ^ƒe Js.h eÍ B. A. ikl fd`;k gS\ mlus 69% vad` lfgr ^ƒe Js.h eÍ HSC ijh”k ikl d`h ƒh\ mlus ‘A’ xzsM lfgr d`EI;wVj foKku eÍ lfVZfœ`ds`V

57.

58.

59.

60.

d`kslZ Hh iwjk fd`;k gS\ mld`h tUe rkjh[ 23-9-1984 gS\ vuqHo xks[¥s d`EI;wVj foKku lfgr B. Sc. gS\ og 58% vad` lfgr f}rh; Js.h eÍ ikl gqvk gS\ mlus 76% vad` lfgr ^ƒe Js.h eÍ HSC d`h ijh”k ikl d`h gS\ mlus fnlEcj 2007 eÍ 25 o"Z d`h vk;q iwjh d`h gS\ euh" pkS|jh us 83% vad` lfgr ^ƒe Js.h eÍ HSC vkSj 57% vad` lfgr f}rh; Js.h eÍ B. Com. fd`;k gS\ mlus gk¥ gh eÍ ,d` d`EI;wVj lfVZfœ`ds`V d`kslZ iwjk fd`;k gS\ mld`h tUe rkjh[ 26-4-1982 gS\ gjhæ oksjk us 2003 eÍ 85% vad` lfgr HSC ijh”k vkSj 69% vad` lfgr 2006 eÍ B. Sc. fMxzh ijh”k ikl d`h gS\ mlus B. Sc. eÍ ,d` fo"; ds` Ôi eÍ d`EI;wVj foKku iÈ
funsZæ%·^'u 61 ls 75 rd`‚ fuEuf¥f[r gj ^'u eÍ ;fn ∂`e tkjh jgk rks nkfguh vksj nh xbZ ik∑p m®j vkÎ`fr;kÍ eÍ ls d`kSulh m®j vkÎ`fr ckbÛ vksj d`h ^'u– vkÎ`fr;kÍ ds` rRd`k¥ ckn vkuh pkfg,`= iz'u vkd~`fr;k∑ m®j vkd~`fr;k∑ 61. (A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

62.

63.

64.

65.

66.

67. (A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

68.

69.

70.

71.

72.

73.

74.

75.

m®j O;k“;k lfgr 01. (B) ^'u ls] J → # rƒk L → © U → @ A → ↑ S → % T → $ T → $ E → ★ ∴ TASTE ⇒ $↑%$★ 02. (C) 'ks" vU; lHh iw.Z oxZ la“;k,a gß\ 03. (B) vHhÆV æCn gS] PAIR 04. (C) D O M E S T I C

08. (D) fn,

x, æCn ds` ig¥s] rhljs] ik∑poÍ rƒk X;kjgoÍ v”j ∂`eæ# I, H, R rƒk E gß ftuls cuus ok¥s lkƒZd` æCn gß\

HIRE, HEIR 09. (A) ^'ukuqlkj] +2

C ⎯→ –2 K ⎯→ –2 F ⎯→ –2 W ⎯→ –2 M ⎯→

E I D U K

10. (D) ^'u

ls] enu cgu

laxhr HkbZ

Hrhth/iq(h iq(h vr# vHhÆV vad` nks gß\ 06. (E) 07. (D)

gYnh d`k jax ih¥k gksrk gS] tcfd` ^'u eÍ ih¥s d`ks d`k¥k d`gk x;k gS] vr# gYnh d`k jax d`k¥k gksxk\

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1673

ufUnuh

^'u 7. ,d` nqd`kunkj vius lkekukÍ d`k nke muds` ∂`; ewY; ls 20% vf÷kd` ij vafd`r d`jrk gS\ og rhu–pkSƒkbZ lkeku d`ks vafd`r ewY; ij csprk gS\ æs" lkeku d`ks og vafd`r ewY; ds` 50% ij csprk gS\ dq`¥ lkSns eÍ mld`k ¥kH ^frær fu÷kkZfjr d`hft,\ 6 g¥%ekuk lkeku d`k ∂`; ew Y ; ^'u 4. lk|kj. C;kt d`h fd`l = 100 :\ gS\ okf"Zd` ^frær nj ls d`ksbZ |ujkfæ 12 o"Z eÍ Lo;a d`h nksxquh gks tk,xh = 4 ∴ lkeku d`k fo∂`; ewY; 3 g¥%ekuk ew¥|u 100 :\ gS\ = 4 ∴ C;kt = 100 :\

,l\,l\lh\ d`j lgk;d` ijh{kk] 14-12-2008 d`k g¥ ^'u-i(

vad`xf.r ^'u. 1. ,d` O;kikjh viuh oLrqvkÍ ds` ewY; muds` ∂`; ewY; ls 20% vf|d` ij vafd`r d`jrk gS\ ;fn og ud`n Hqxrku ij 5% d`h d`VkSrh nsrk gks] rks crkb, fd` og fd`ruk ¥kH ^frær vftZr d`jrk gS = 4 g¥%ekuk oLrq d`k ∂`; ewY; 100 :\ ∴ oLrq d`k vafd`r ewY; = 100 + 20 = 120 :\ 5% d`h d`VkSrh ds` ckn fo∂`; ewY;

∴

× 100 okf"Zd` C;kt nj = 100 100 × 12 % okf"Zd`

= 90 + 15 = 105 :\ ∴ ¥kH % = 105 – 100 = 5% ^'u 8. eßus 5,400 :\ eÍ nks estÍ [jhnÓ\ eßus mueÍ ls ,d` d`ks 5% gkfu rƒk nwljh d`ks 7% ¥kH ij csp fn;k\

^'u 5. 28 ls\eh\ f(T;k ok¥s o~® d`k ,d` pki ds`Unz ij 72° d`k d`ks. cukrk gS\ pki d`h ¥EckbZ rƒk mlls fufeZr o~®[aM d`k ”s(œ`¥ Kkr d`hft,\ dq`¥ lkSns eÍ eq>s u ¥kH gqvk u gkfu\ estkÍ d`h v¥x-v¥x d`her Kkr 22 π = ¥hft, 4 d`hft,\ 6 7 g¥%ekuk ,d` est d`k ∂`; ewY; = 14 g¥%pki d`h ¥EckbZ = x :\ gS\ ^'u 2. eß vius xUrO; ij 40 72° = ∴ nwljh est d`k ∂`; ewY; feuV d`h nsjh ls igq∑prk gw∑] ;fn esjh 360° = (5400 – x) :\ pk¥ 3 fd`eh/?a\ gks rƒk fu|kZfjr le; ls ∴ 30 feuV ig¥s igq∑prk gw∑] ;fn esjh pk¥ x × 95 4 fd`eh/?a\ gks] rks esjs xUrO; d`h nwjh 100 fd`ruh gS= 4 g¥%ekuk esjs xUrO; d`h nwjh x fd`eh gS\ 120 × (100 – 5) = 100

[

Q

]

x 3

= 3150

= 14 fd`eh

^'u 3. ;fn m : n = 3 : 2, gks] rks vuqikr (4m + 5n) : (4m – 5n ) Kkr 4 d`hft,\ m g¥%Q n

× 28 × 28 = 492·8 oxZ

lseh ^'u 6. fd`lh oLrq ds` ewY; eÍ 60% d`h o~f* d`h xbZ gS\ ,d` miHksDrk ml oLrq d`h [ir eÍ fd`rus ^frær d`h d`eh d`js rkfd` ml oLrq ij mlds` O;; eÍ d`ksbZ o~f* u gks = 6 g¥%tks oLrq ig¥s 100 :\ eÍ fe¥rh ƒh vc mld`k ewY; 160 :\ gks x;k ∴ 160 :\ eÍ d`eh d`juh pkfg, 60 :\ d`h ∴ 100 :\ eÍ d`eh d`juh pkfg, 60 × 100 % = 37·5% 160 ^frær d`eh = 37·5% =

= 11

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1676

vHhÆV

∴ ,d` est d`k ewY; = 3150 :\ rƒk nwljh est d`k ewY; = 2250 :\ ^'u 9. gjik¥] ds`o¥ d`h rq¥uk eÍ rhu xquk d`k;Zdq`æ¥ d`kjhxj gS rƒk fd`lh d`k;Z d`ks iwjk d`jus eÍ ds`o¥ ls 10 fnu d`e ¥srk gS\ mlh d`k;Z d`ks iwjk d`jus eÍ ds`o¥ fd`rus fnu ¥sxk = 6 g¥%ekuk ds`o¥ mlh d`k;Z d`ks iwjk d`jus eÍ x fnu ¥sxk\ ^'ukuqlkj] gjik¥ mlh d`k;Z d`ks iwjk d`jsxk = (x – 10) fnu eÍ ∴ gjik¥] ds`o¥ d`h rq¥uk eÍ rhu xquk d`k;Zdq`æ¥ gS\ ⇒

x 3

^'u 10. fd`lh f∂`ds`V f[¥kÈMh d`k mlds` }kjk [s¥h xbZ 40 ikfj;kÍ ds` cY¥sckth d`k vkSlr 50 ju gS\ mlds` }kjk ,d` ikjh eÍ cuk, x, vf|d`re jukÍ rƒk ,d` vU; ikjh eÍ cuk, x, U;wure jukÍ d`k vUrj 172 ju gS\ ;fn bu nksukÍ ikfj;kÍ d`ks gVk fn;k tk,] rks æs" 38 ikfj;kÍ ds` mld`h cY¥sckth d`k vkSlr 48 ju jg tkrk gS\ mlds` }kjk ,d` ikjh eÍ cuk, x, vf|d`re jukÍ d`h la“;k Kkr d`hft,\ 6 g¥%ekuk vU; ikjh eÍ U;wure jukÍ d`h la“;k x gS\ ∴ ,d` ikjh eÍ vf|d`re jukÍ d`h ∴ la“;k = (172 + x)

¥xkbZ gks] rks crkb, fd` B us viuh iw∑th gksrk gS] fd`rus o"ksÛ eÍ 926·10 :\ gks fd`rus le; ds` f¥, ¥xkbZ = 6 tk,xh = 8 g¥%nj = 5% ^fr Nekgh g¥%ekuk B us iw∑th x ekl ds` f¥, ;fn le; = n o"Z gks] rks ¥xkbZ ∴ 5 ^'ukuqlkj] 926·10 = 800 1 + 100 ∴

(

11 × 8 12x

)

o"Z

= 11 ekl

^'u 13. ,d` ¥Eco~®h; cs¥u ds` vk|kj d`h f(T;k rƒk mld`h ˜∑pkbZ d`k ;ksx 37 ls\eh\ gS\ ;fn cs¥u d`k lEiw.Z 50 × 40 = 38 × 48 + (172 + x) + x i~ÆBh; ”s(œ`¥ 1628 lseh2 gks] rks bld`k ⇒ 2000 = 1824 + 172 + 2x vk;ru Kkr d`hft,\ ⇒ ∴

x =

2000 – 1996 2

=2

,d` ikjh eÍ vf|d`re jukÍ d`h la“;k

= 172 + 2 = 174 ^'u 11. nks ikbi A rƒk B ,d` Vßd` d`ks ∂`eæ# 15 ?≥Vs rƒk 20 ?≥Vs eÍ Hj ld`rs gß] tcfd` ,d` rhljk ikbi C iwjs Hjs Vßd` d`ks 25 ?≥Vs eÍ [k¥h d`j

ld`rk gS\ vkjEH eÍ rhukÍ ikbi ,d`lkƒ [ks¥ fn, tkrs gß\ 10 ?≥Vs ds` ckn ikbi C d`ks can d`j fn;k tkrk gS\ fd`rus le; eÍ Vßd` iw.Zr# Hj tk,xk = 6 g¥%∴ 10 ?≥Vs eÍ rhukÍ ikbi [q¥s jgus ij Vßd` d`k Hjk x;k Hkx =

10 15

[

^'u 16. ,d` O;fDr us d`ksbZ |ujkfæ C;kt ij m|kj ¥h rƒk mls rhu o"ksÛ eÍ leku okf"Zd` fd`'rkÍ ds` }kjk pqd`rk fd`;k\ ;fn ¥xkbZ xbZ C;kt d`h okf"Zd` nj 15% gks rƒk ^R;sd` fd`'r d`h 22 π = ¥hft, 6 |ujkfæ 4,86,680 :\ gks] rks m|kj ¥h 7 xbZ |ujkfæ Kkr d`hft,\ 8 g¥%ekuk cs¥u d`h f(T;k = r lseh gS\ g¥% 486680 :\ feJ|u ds` f¥, ∴ cs¥u d`h ˜∑pkbZ = (37 – r) lseh 15% nj 1 o"Z d`k ew¥|u

]

∴

2πr (h + r) = 1628 ⇒ 2πr × 37 = 1628 1628 × 7 ∴ r = 2 × 22 × 37

100 115

=

× 7 × 7 × 30 = 4620 ?u

lseh ^'u 14. ued` vkSj ikuh ds` ,d` ?ks¥] ftleÍ 15% ued` d`h ek(k ƒh] ls 30 fd`\xzk\ ikuh okfÆir d`jus ds` mijkUr] æs" ?ks¥ eÍ ued` d`h ek(k 20% jg xbZ\ vkjfEHd` ?ks¥ d`k Hkj Kkr d`hft,\ 8 g¥%ekuk vkjfEHd` ?ks¥ d`k Hkj = x fd`xzk ƒk ∴ vkjfEHd` ?ks¥ eÍ ued` d`k Hkj =

x × 15 100

3

× 486680

= 320000 :\ ∴ dq`¥

ew¥|u = 423200 + 368000 + 320000 = 1111200 :\

^'u 17. ;gk∑ fn;k x;k ikbZ-pkVZ ,d` ^d`kæd` }kjk ,d` iqLrd` d`h NikbZ ds` lanHZ eÍ fofHUu eqˆkÍ ij fd`, x, O;; d`ks nækZrk gS\ pkVZ d`k v÷;;u d`hft, rƒk fuEuf¥f[r ^'ukÍ ds` m®j nhft, # eqnz. ij O;;

Hkx Hjk tk,xk = 2 ?≥Vs eÍ ∴ Vßd` iw.Zr# Hjus eÍ

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1677

15%

foKkiu ij O;; 15%

isij ij O;; 16%

jkW;YVh 15%

O;; vU; 4%

¥xk dq`¥ le; = 10 + 2 = 12 ?≥Vs = 120 fd`xzk ^'u 12. nks lk>snkjkÍ A rƒk B ^'u 15. 800 :\ d`h ,d` |ujkfæ }kjk fuosfær iw∑ft;kÍ d`k vuqikr 11 : 12 rƒk muds` ¥kHkaækÍ d`k vuqikr 2 : 3 gS\ 10% okf"Zd` p∂`o~f* C;kt d`h nj ls] ;fn A us viuh iw∑th 8 ekl ds` f¥, tcfd` C;kt v*Z-okf"Zd` Ôi ls la;ksftr

35%

ftYnlkth ij O;;

,d` iqLrd` d`h NikbZ ij fd`;k x;k O;;

(i) ;fn iqLrd` ds` eqnz. ij vkbZ dq`¥ ¥kxr 17,500 :\ gks] rks fd`ruk |u jkW;YVh ds` Ôi eÍ fn;k tk,xk = 2 (ii) ;fn iqLrd` d`h 2000 ^frf¥fi;k∑ Nkih xbZ gkÍ] isij ij ¥kxrO;; 4,096 :\ gks rƒk ^d`kæd` d`k ¥kH 25% gks] rks crkb, fd` ^R;sd` ^frf¥fi d`k vafd`r ewY; fd`ruk gksxk = 2 (iii) foKkiu ij O;; nækZus ds` f¥, ikbZ-pkVZ eÍ laxr o~®[aM d`k ds`Unzh; d`ks. fd`ruk gksxk = 2 (iv) ;fn iqLrd` d`h ftYnlkth ij dq`¥ O;; 3,600 :\ gqvk gks] rks vU; (Misc.) NksVs-eksVs eqˆkÍ ij fd`ruk O;; gqvk gksxk = 2 g¥%(i) jkW;YVh ij fn;k x;k |u =

× 3600 = 960 :\ [ds`o¥

n~fÆV ckf|r mEehnokjkÍ ds` f¥,] ^'u 17. P rƒk Q fd`lh d`k;Z d`ks fnu iwjk d`jus eÍ ∂`eæ# 9 fnu rƒk 12 fnu ●●● ¥srs gß\ fd`Urq os] P }kjk d`k;Z vkjEH d`jus ds` mijkUr] ckjh-ckjh ls ,d`-,d` æs" i~ÆB 1543 d`k fnu d`k;Z d`jrs gß\ d`k;Z d`ks iwjk d`jus eÍ fd`ruk le; ¥xsxk = 8 l˜nh vjc eÍ ig¥h efg¥k ea(h g¥%2 fnu d`k d`ke l˜nh vjc ds` ækg vCnqY¥k us vius =

15 × 17500 35

1 9

eaf(eaM¥ eÍ ig¥h ckj fd`lh efg¥k d`ks ækfe¥ fd`;k gS\ iqjkruiaƒh jktra( ok¥s bl nsæ eÍ uksjk v¥ œS`t uke d`h efg¥k d`ks miea(h cukus d`h ?ks".k xr 14 œ`jojh d`ks d`h xbZ\ vCnqY¥k o"Z 2005 ls l®k d`h ckxMksj l∑Hk¥ jgs gß\ rc ls ig¥h ckj mUgkÍus eaf(eaM¥ eÍ œs`jcn¥ fd`;k gS\ fæ”k] U;k; vkSj lwpuk foHkxkÍ eÍ u, ea(h cuk, x, gß\ œS`t d`ks efg¥k fæ”k foHkx eÍ miea(h cuk;k x;k gS\ bl eqfL¥e nsæ eÍ fd`lh efg¥k d`ks lkßik x;k ;g lcls cÈMk in gS\ ●●●

ijh{kk frfFk;k∑ 24, 25 o 26 ebZ 2009

·fiN¥s o"ksÛ ds` iz'u-i( g¥ lfgr‚

mid`kj ^d`kæu d`h mi;ksxh iqLrdÍ` 180/Upkar’s Uttarakhand Polytechnic Entrance Exam. 220/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` izosæ ·œ`keZslh‚ ·ck;¥ksth xzqi‚ ijh{kk 370/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` izosæ ·œ`keZslh‚ ·xf.r xzqi‚ ijh{kk 280/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` izosæ ·,xzhd`Ypj bath\‚ ijh{kk 235/-

mid`kj m®jk[≥M ikWf¥VsfDud` la;qDr izosæ ijh{kk

mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` d`EI;wVj ,I¥hds`æu rFkk ekdsZ`fVax ,≥M lsYl eSusteÍV 175/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` ,;j dzS`ŒV esUVh\ bathfu;¯jx 260/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` ekWMuZ vkWfœ`l eSusteÍV ,≥M lsdzs`fV_;¥ izSfDVl rFkk ¥kbczsjh ,≥M buœ`kWjesæu lkbal 198/mid`kj ikWf¥\ xkjesUV] gkse lkbal] VsDlVkb¥ rFkk œS`æu 165/mid`kj ikWf¥VsfDud` la;qDr izosæ ijh{kk 180/gksV¥ eSusteÍV ,≥M dS`Vfjax VsDuks¥kWth mid`kj izSfDVl odZ`-cqd ikWf¥VsfDud` izosæ ijh{kk 55/mid`kj izSfDVl odZ`-cqd ikWf¥\ la;qDr izosæ ijh{kk ·œ`kesZlh‚ 115/mid`kj izd`kæu] 2/11A, Lons'kh chek uxj] vkxjk–282 002

● E-mail : [email protected] ● Website : www.upkar.in

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1678

iatkc usæu¥ cßd` ·^cU÷k ^fæ”q‚ ijh”k 11-1-2009 d`k g¥ ^'u–i(

la“;kRed` vfH;ksX;rk ·Le~fr ij vk÷kkfjr‚

18.

æCn ‘OPERATE’ ds` v”jkÍ d`ks v¥x-v¥x fd`ruh rjg ls ∂`ec* fd`;k tk ld`rk gS= (A) 5040 (C) 2520 (E) bueÍ ls

(B) 720 (D) 360

1 8 5 (C) 12 (E) bueÍ

4 9 8 (D) 11

d`ksbZ ugÓ ckbaMj 1400 fd`rkckÍ d`ks 15 fnu funsZæ%(^'u 1–10 rd`‚ fuEuf¥f[r 10. (46351 – 36418 – 4505) ÷ ? = 19. eÍ21 ckba M d`j ld`rs gß\ 800 fd`rkckÍ ^'ukÍ eÍ ^'ufpÕ (?) ds` LFkku ij D;k 1357 d`ks 20 fnu eÍ ckbaM d`jus ds` f¥, vk,xk = (A) 4 (B) 6 fd`rus ckbaMj tÔjh gß= (C) 3 (D) 2 1. √ ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ 571536 ÷ 42 × ? = 5850 (A) 7 (B) 9 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (A) 420 (B) 240 (C) 12 (D) 14 (C) 315 (D) 325 funsZæ%·^'u 11 ls 15 rd`‚ fuEu(E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ f¥f[r la“;k Δk~a[¥k eÍ ^'ufpÕ (?) ds` 20. 45,000 :\ d`h jkfæ ij 4 o"Z ds` LFkku ij D;k vk,xk = 2. (34) 56 × (34)–53 = ? var eÍ 15,300 :\ lk|kj. C;kt 11. 124 228 436 ? 1684 3348 fe¥rk gS\ bruh gh vof| eÍ blh (A) 39304 (B) 1156 (A) 844 (B) 852 C;kt nj ij] blh jkfæ ij ¥xHx (C) 170504 (D) 102 (C) 872 (D) 834 fd`ruk p∂`o~f* C;kt fe¥sxk= (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (A) 18,244 :\ (B) 19,500 :\ 3. 378·35 + 478 ÷ 12·5 = ? 12. 1108 1117 1142 1191 ? 1393 (C) 16,285 :\ (D) 18,566 :\ (A) 508·268 (B) 416·59 (A) 1312 (B) 1300 (E) 17,364 :\ (C) 425·28 (D) 68·508 (C) 1272 (D) 1204 21. izrhd` us 20% ¥kH ij d`kfrZd` d`ks (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ,d` E;wftd` flLVe cspk vkSj d`kfrZd` 13. 25 30 70 260 1280 ? us bls LofLrd` d`ks 40% ¥kH ij cspk\ 4. ·250 d`k 550%‚ ÷ 275 = ? (A) 6400 (B) 7680 ;fn LofLrd` us E;wftd` flLVe ds` (A) 15 (B) 1·5 f¥, 10,500 :\ vnk fd`,] rks izrhd` (C) 6380 (D) 7660 (C) 0·5 (D) 25 us blds ` f¥, fd`ruh jkfæ vnk d`h ƒh= (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (A) 8,240 :\ 14. 8484 4248 2112 1074 513 ? 5. 334·41 + 47·26 + 1·25 + 5 + 0·66 (B) 7,500 :\ (A) 201 (B) 280·5 =? (C) 256·5 (D) 171 (C) 6,250 :\ (A) 411·24 (B) 396·15 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS (C) 388·58 (D) 376·85 15. 154 162 226 ? 954 1954 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (A) 242 (B) 554 22. nks la“;kvkÍ ds` chp d`k varj 3 vkSj 6. 74844 ÷ ? = 54 × 63 (C) 442 (D) 642 muds` oxksÛ ds` chp d`k varj 63 gS\ (A) 34 (B) 42 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ bueÍ ls cÈMh la“;k d`kSulh gS= (C) 22 (D) 54 16. ,d` f}vad`h; la“;k ds` nksukÍ vad`kÍ d`ks (A) 12 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ijLij cn¥us ds` ckn izkIr la“;k] (B) 9 ew¥ la“;k ls 18 d`e gS\ la“;k ds` 7. (21·35)2 + (12·25)2 = ? (C) 15 nksukÍ vad`kÍ d`k ;ksx 16 gS\ ew¥ la“;k (A) 171·4125 (B) 605·885 (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS D;k gS= (C) 604·085 (D) 463·8125 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (A) 97 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (B) 87 3 1 8 4 2 5 5 23. , , , , , vkSj bu lHh (C) 79 8. 124 + 56 × 1·5 – 12 = ? 5 8 11 9 7 7 12 (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS fHUukÍ d`ks muds` ewY; ds` vojksgh ∂`e (A) – 1890 (B) 252 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ eÍ ¥xk;k tk,] rks d`kSulk rhljk (C) 230 (D) 196 4 5 gksxk= (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 17. 1150 d`k , 1248 ds` ls fd`ruk 5

3

9.

⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ √ 1092727 = ? (A) 108 (C) 97 (E) bueÍ

6

d`e gS= (B) 99 (D) 107

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1679

(A) 140 (C) 125 (E) bueÍ

(B) 115 (D) 120

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

(A)

(B)

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ

24.

nks mEehnokjkÍ ds` chp d`kW¥st ds` ,d` 30. ,d` fHUu d`k vaæ 220% vkSj gj pquko eÍ] ,d` d`ks dq`¥ oS| oksV ds` 4 150%, cÈ
(B) 6840 (D) 5814

(C) 390 (E) bueÍ

(D) 375

(A) 24 (C) 85 (E) bueÍ

(B) 39 (D) 74

(A)

8 4 (C) 5 (E) bueÍ

(B)

5 5 (D) 6

d`ksbZ ugÓ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 25. ,d` la“;k ds` 45% d`k 15%, 105·3 31. œ`jkg d`k fookg 8 o"Z ig¥s gqvk ƒk\ gS\ bl la“;k d`k 24% fd`ruk gS= fookg ds` le; mld`h ftruh vk;q (A) 385·5 (B) 374·4

26.

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ ,slh nks la“;k,a gß fd` ig¥h la“;k ds` nksxqus vkSj nwljh la“;k ds` frxqus d`k ;ksx 300 gS vkSj ig¥h la“;k ds` frxqus vkSj nwljh la“;k ds` nksxqus d`k ;ksx 265 gS\ bueÍ ls cÈMh la“;k D;k gS=

ƒh] mlls vkt mld`h vk;q 1 27 xquh gS\ bl le; mld`h iq(h d`h vk;q mld`h vk;q ls ,d`-NBekal gS\ 3 o"Z iwoZ mld`h iq(h d`h vk;q fd`ruh ƒh= (A) 6 o"Z (B) 4 o"Z (C) 3 o"Z (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 32. ;fn 25a + 25b = 115 gS] rks a vkSj b d`k vkSlr D;k gS=

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 27. pkj d`ekus ok¥s lnL;kÍ ds` ,d` (A) 4·6 (B) 2·5 ifjokj d`h vkSlr ekfld` vk; (C) 4·5 (D) 3·4 15,130 ƒh\ ifjokj eÍ ,d` iq(h d`k (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ fookg gqvk vkSj og ?j ls fcnk gks xbZ\ blls ifjokj d`h vkSlr ekfld` 33. 250 iz'ukÍ ok¥h ,d` ijh”k eÍ tLlh us ig¥s 125 iz'ukÍ eÍ ls 40% ds` vk; ?Vd`j 14,660 :\ gks xbZ\ m®j lgh fn,\ lEiw.Z ijh”k eÍ fookfgr iq(h d`h ekfld` vk; fd`ruh mld`k xzsM 60% blds` f¥, mls æs" gS= 125 iz'ukÍ eÍ ls fd`rus izfrær ds` (A) 15,350 :\ m®j lgh nsus gkÍxs= (B) 12,000 :\ (A) 75 (C) 16,540 :\ (B) 80 (C) 60 (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 28. foJkekÍ d`ks NksÈMd`j] ,d` cl d`h xfr 64 fd`eh/?≥Vk gS vkSj foJkekÍ 34. LofIu¥] vkd`kæ vkSj fou; ,d` o~®kd`kj LVsfM;e ds` fxnZ nkSÈMuk lfgr cl d`h xfr 48 fd`eh/?≥Vk vkjEH d`jrs gß\ os viuh ifj∂`ek gS\ izfr ?≥Vk cl fd`rus le; ∂`eæ# 36, 48 vkSj 42 lsd`≥M eÍ iwjh foJke ds` f¥, :d`rh gS= d`jrs gß\ fd`rus lsd`≥M ds` ckn os (A) 12·5 feuV (B) 15 feuV vkjEH fcUnq ij ,d` lkƒ gkÍxs= (C) 10 feuV (D) 18 feuV (A) 504 lsd`≥M (B) 940 lsd`≥M (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (C) 1008 lsd`≥M 29. 5 iÍ M Í V vkS j 8 ps u d`h ¥kxr (D) 470 lsd`≥M 1,45,785 :\ gS\ 15 iÍMÍV vkSj 24 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ psu d`h ¥kxr D;k gksxh= 35. A, B, C, D vkSj E fujarj 5 fo"e (A) 3,25,285 :\ la“;k,a gß\ A vkSj C d`k ;ksx 146 (B) 4,39,355 :\ gS\ E d`k ewY; fd`ruk gS= (C) 5,50,000 :\ (A) 75 (B) 81 (D) fu|kZfjr ugÓ d`h tk ld`rh gS (C) 71 (D) 79 (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1680

funsZæ%·iz'u 36–40 ‚ uhps izR;sd` iz'u ds` ckn nks d`ƒu (I) vkSj (II) fn, x, gß\ vkid`ks ;g r; d`juk gS fd` d`ƒu eÍ fn;k x;k MkVk iz'u d`k m®j nsus ds` f¥, i;kZIr gS ;k ugÓ\ lEHkfor m®j ds` chp pquko d`jus ds` f¥, vkid`ks MkVk vkSj xf.r ds` vius Kku d`k iz;ksx d`juk gksxk\ m®j nhft,% (A) ;fn vds`¥k d`ƒu (I) iz'u d`k m®j nsus ds` f¥, i;kZIr gS] ¥sfd`u vds`¥k d`ƒu (II) i;kZIr ugÓ gS\ (B) ;fn vds`¥k d`ƒu (II) iz'u d`k m®j nsus ds` f¥, i;kZIr gS] ¥sfd`u vds`¥k d`ƒu (I) i;kZIr ugÓ gS\ (C) ;fn d`ƒu (I) vkSj (II) nksukÍ iz'u d`k m®j nsus ds` f¥, vko';d` gß\ (D) ;fn ;k rks vds`¥k d`ƒu (I) ;k vds`¥k d`ƒu (II) iz'ukÍ d`k m®j nsus ds` f¥, i;kZIr gS\ (E) ;fn d`ƒu (I) vkSj (II) nksukÍ d`ks fe¥kd`j m®j ugÓ fe¥ ld`rk] cfYd` vkSj vf|d` MkVk d`h tÔjr gS\ 36. 36,500 :\ d`h jkfæ ij 6,570 d`k lk|kj. C;kt fd`rus o"ksÛ eÍ fe¥ ld`rk gS= (I) lk|kj. C;kt d`h nj 6 iz\ æ\ iz\ o\ gS\ (II) lk|kj. C;kt vkSj p∂`o~f* C;kt ds` chp d`k varj 402·084 :\ gS\ 37. f(vad`h la“;k D;k gS= la“;k d`k 52, 204 d`k vk|k gS\ (II) la“;k d`k 20%, 51 gS\ 38. Ldw`¥ eÍ fæ”d`kÍ d`h la“;k D;k gS= (I) izR;sd` fæ”d` ,d` fnu eÍ d`els-d`e rhu O;k“;ku nsrk gS\ (II) lIrkg eÍ 45 O;k“;ku gksrs gß\ 39. johuk d`h mez D;k gS= (I) johuk d`h mez d`fj'ek d`h mez ls vk|h gS\ (II) johuk d`h mez mld`h ekrk d`h (I)

vk;q d`k 3 gS] tks 45 o"Z d`h gS\ 5 40.

vk;rkd`kj I¥kV d`k ”s(œ`¥ D;k gS= (I) I¥kV d`h ¥EckbZ 375 ehVj gS\ (II) I¥kV d`h ¥EckbZ mld`h pkSÈMkbZ ls rhu xquk gS\ 41. 5 |ukRed` iw.kÛd`kÍ d`k vkSlr 436 gS\ ig¥h nks la“;kvkÍ d`k vkSlr 344

vkSj vafre nks la“;kvkÍ d`k vkSlr 49. (47)2 ÷ 3·25 × 2·5 = ? 554 gS\ rhljh la“;k D;k gS= (A) 1624 (B) 1535 (A) 482 (C) 556 (E) bueÍ

(B) 346 (D) 384

(A) 98 (C) 104 (E) bueÍ

(B) 102 (D) 110

(A) 760 (C) 764 (E) 756

(B) 762 (D) 766

(C) 1687 (E) 1699

(D) 1593

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 2 50. 624 d`k 115% + 419 d`k = ? 2 7 42. ,d` la“;k ds` oxZ ls (74) ?Vkus ij (A) 887 (B) 837 izkIr m®j 5340 gS\ ;g la“;k D;k (C) 765 (D) 756 gS=

ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 43. ,d` ls ¥ eÍ ,d` ijŒ;w e fo∂`; d`her ij 15% fMLd`kmaV ij fe¥rk gS\ fMLd`kmaV ds` ckn ijŒ;we d`h fo∂`; d`her 3,675·4 gS\ ijŒ;we d`h ew¥ fo∂`; d`her D;k gS= (A) 4,324 :\ (B) 4,386 :\ (C) 4,400 :\ (D) 4,294 :\ (E) bueÍ ls d`ksbZ ugÓ 44. lrr nks le la“;kvkÍ d`k xq.uœ`¥ 582168 gS\ NksVh la“;k D;k gS=

45.

,d` ægj d`h tula“;k 48600 gS\ ig¥s o"Z eÍ ;g 25% cÈ
(B) 55580 (D) 64850

d`ksbZ ugÓ funsZæ%·iz'u 46–50‚ fuEuf¥f[r iz'ukÍ eÍ iz'ufpÕ ·=‚ ds` Lƒku ij ¥xHx fd`ruk ewY; vk,xk= ·rF;r# ewY; d`h x.uk visf”r ugÓ gS\‚ 46. 54·35 × 39·87 ÷ 13·35 = ? (A) 174 (B) 156 (C) 162 (D) 168 (E) 152 47.

⎯⎯⎯⎯ √ 3219 × ⎯ √⎯⎯⎯ 4178 = ? (A) 3953 (C) 3498 (E) 3591

(B) 3528 (D) 3667

48. (749 – 325 – 124) ÷ (1254 – 1100) = ? (A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8 (E) 12

izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1681

(E) 787

m®j O;k“;k lfgr 1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (B) 6. (C) 7. (B) 8. (D) 11. (B)

4. (E) 5. (C) 9. (E) 10. (A)

fd` ofVZczksI¥kLVh D;k gS = ☛

vkfLV;ksiksjksfll ds` b¥kt ds` f¥, fpfd`Rlk foKku eÍ d`bZ rd`uhd`kÍ d`k fod`kl gks pqd`k gS] ijUrq ær–^frær ^Hkoh d`e gh gß\ ;g jksx ÷khjs–÷khjs mRiUu gksrk gS vkSj jksxh d`ks ofVZczk eÍ rst nnZ gksrk gS\ jksxh d`k cSBuk–mBuk d`fBu gks tkrk gS\ fg¥us–Mq¥us eÍ vleƒZrk ls lkekftd` thou Hh ^Hkfor gksrk gS\ vc bu leL;kvkÍ ls eqfDr ds` f¥, ubZ fpfd`Rlk fof÷k ^p¥u eÍ vk xbZ gS\ bl ubZ fpfd`Rlk fof÷k d`k uke gS] baVjoÍæu¥ ofVZczksI¥kLVh\ bl fof÷k eÍ ofVZczk eÍ batsDæu d`h lgk;rk ls ,d` foæs" ^d`kj d`k lheÍVuqek inkƒZ Mk¥k tkrk gS] tks ≠S`Dpj d`ks Bhd` d`jrk gS\ ÷khjs–÷khjs nnZukæd` vkS"f÷k;kÍ d`h vko';d`rk d`e gksrh tkrh gS vkSj jksxh viuh iqjkuh fnup;kZ ij okil ¥kSV vkrk gS\ bl fpfd`Rlk eÍ] jksxh d`ks isV ds` c¥ f¥Vk fn;k tkrk gS vkS j ¥ks d `¥ ,fuLƒhfl;k nh tkrh gS\ ihB eÍ ,d` NksVk Nsn fd`;k tkrk gS rƒk Œ¥wjksLd`ksi d`h lgk;rk ls batsDæu d`ks Likbu¥ elYl ds` jkLrs fod`kjxzLr ofVZczk rd` igq∑pk;k tkrk gS\ bl ^f∂`;k eÍ vk÷kk ?≥Vk d`k le; ¥xrk gS\ ^f∂`;k d`h lekfIr ij jksxh d`ks d`ej ds` lgkjs nks ?≥Vs rd` f¥Vk;k tkrk gS] ftlls fd` lheÍVuqek inkƒZ iwjh rjg lekd`j lw[ tk,\ ofVZczk¥ ≠S`Dpj d`h tk∑p ,Dl–js] ,e\ vkj\ vkbZ\ vkSj lh\ Vh\ LdS`u ls d`h tkrh gS\ fd`` jkÆV_h; vkS"÷kh; ikS÷kk cksMZ (National Medicinal Plants Board) D;k gS`= blds` D;k mˆs'; gß = ☛ Hkjr ljd`kj ds` LokLF; ,oa ifjokj d`Y;k. ea(k¥; (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare-GOI) ds` Hkjrh; fpfd`Rlk i*fr;k∑ ,oa gksE;ksiSƒh ds` vUrxZr Lƒkfir jkÆV_ h ; vkS " ÷kh; ikni cks M Z (NMPB) d`h Lƒkiuk d`k ew¥ mˆs'; Lonsæh tÈMh–cwfV;kÍ d`h mi¥C÷krk] mi;ksx] xq.o®k] æks÷k ,oa foi.u d`ks ^ksRlkfgr d`juk gS ftlds` }kjk vusd` mY¥s[uh; d`k;Z fd`, tk jgs gß« tSls%tÈMh–cwfV;kÍ d`h izfr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/2009/1683

p;fur 32 ls vf÷kd` ^tkfr;kÍ ds` Î`f"d`j. d`ks cÈMs Lrj ij cÈ
Mkds` ls rkRi;Z leqnz eÍ Mkd`k Mk¥uk ;k ¥wVikV d`juk gS\ fd` jktuf;d` ^frfuf÷k;kÍ d`h mUeqfDr;k∑ o foæs"kf÷kd`kjkÍ ds` vk÷kkj D;k gß = ☛ jktuf;d` ^frfuf÷k;kÍ d`h mUeqfDr;k∑ o foæs"kf÷kd`kj ds` vk÷kkj fuEu gß% 1. ckÌ ^knsfæd`rk d`k fl*kUr% blds` vuqlkj jkT;kÍ d`ks dq`N mUeqfDr;k∑ ,oa foæs"kf÷kd`kj bl d`kj. ^kIr gksrs gß] D;kÍfd` mUgÍ jkT; ds` ”s(kf÷kd`kj ds` ckgj ekuk tkrk gS\ 2. d`k;kZRed` fl*kUr%jktuf;d` ^frfuf÷k;kÍ d`ks mUeqfDr;k∑ ,oa foæs"kf÷kd`kj blf¥, ^nku fd`, tkrs gß fd` os dq`N foæs" d`k;Z lEikfnr d`jrs gß\ bu mUeqfDr;kÍ rƒk foæs"kf÷kd`kjkÍ d`h vuqifLƒfr eÍ muds` f¥, bu d`k;ksÛ d`ks lEikfnr d`juk lEHo ugÓ gksxk\ fd` rjax ijkl (Fetch) D;k gS = ☛ lkxj eÍ [q¥s t¥ d`h og nwjh ftlds` ˜ij d`ksbZ iou ^okfgr gksrh gS vkSj mlds` }kjk lkxjh; rjax mRiUu gksrh gS\ ;g nwjh ftruh vf÷kd` gksxh] rjax d`h ˜∑pkbZ vkSj æfDr Hh mruh gh vf÷kd` gksxh\ vr,o rjax ijkl ls rjax d`h ˜∑pkbZ vkSj æfDr fu÷kkZfjr gksrh gS\ rjax ijkl ds` ˜ijh iou Nksj ij rjaxÍ NksVh gksrh gß vkSj nwjh o~f* ds` lkƒ–lkƒ ;g fod`flr gksrh tkrh gß\ fd` f}”s( i*fr (Two Fold System) D;k gS = ☛ ;g ,d` ^d`kj d`h Î`f" i*fr gS ftlds` vUrxZr leLr Î`f" Hwfe d`ks nks HkxkÍ eÍ foHDr fd`;k tkrk gS\ ,d` ekSle eÍ vk÷kh Î`f" Hwfe ij œ`l¥ mxkbZ tkrh gS vkSj vk÷kh Hwfe d`ks ijrh NksÈM fn;k tkrk gS\ vx¥s ekSle eÍ iwoZorhZ ijrh Hwfe ij œ`l¥ mxkbZ tkrh gS vkSj æs" Hwfe d`ks ijrh NksÈM fn;k tkrk gS\ ;g Î`f" i*fr lkekU;r# mu ”s(kÍ eÍ ikbZ tkrh gS tgk∑ fe±h d`e moZjd` gksrh gS vkSj tula“;k Hh d`e gksrh gS\ fd` ÷kw¥ dw`i (Dust Well) D;k gS`= ☛ fd`lh fgeun d`h ˜ijh lrg ij fufeZr NksVs–NksVs xrZ ;k fNnz] ftleÍ ÷kw¥ ds` d`. ik, tkrs gß\ fgeun d`h lrg ij tgk∑ ÷kw¥ d`h dq`N ek(k fo»eku gksrh gS\ ÷kw¥d`. lw;Z d`h ˜Æek d`ks cœZ` d`h rq¥uk eÍ vf÷kd` xzg. d`j ¥srs gß ftlls ÷kw¥ jkfæ eÍ la¥Xu cœZ` fi?¥ tkrh gS vkSj NksVs–NksVs xrZ cu tkrs gß\ bu xrksÛ eÍ ^k;# ÷kw¥ Hj tkrh gS vr# bUgÍ ÷kw¥ dw`i d`grs gß\ ●●●

^'u%‘vkbZ\ Vh\ ds`\ bu ,xzhd`Ypj’ (ITK—Indigenous Technical Knowledge in Agriculture) ls D;k

vkæ; gS = m®j%‘vkbZ \ Vh\ ds ` \’ d`k vƒZ ‘Indigenous Technical Knowledge’ ;k ‘Inherited Technical Knowledge’

vƒkZrΩ Lonsæh ;k iSf(d` rd`uhd`h Kku ls gS] tks Î`f" eÍ rd`uhdÍ` viukbZ tkrh gß\ tSls%(i) n¥gukÍ ·puk] vjgj] elwj‚ eÍ md`Bk (Wilt) jksx ds` fu;U(. gsrq bu œ`l¥kÍ d`h cqokbZ ls iwoZ e´k ·NkN‚ ls chtksipkj d`jÍ] rks md`Bk jksx ls futkr fe¥ tkrh gS\ (ii) ikS÷kkÍ/o~”kÍ ij] tks vejcs¥ ·ijthoh‚ vƒkZrΩ d`ldq`Vk fn[kbZ iÈMs] rks NkN ·e´k‚ d`k L^s fd`;k tk,] rks vejcs¥ ej tk,xh\ (iii) ljlkÍ/jkbZ eÍ vksjksoad`h ·xqfM;k‚ tÈM ijthoh [jirokj fn[kbZ nÍ] rks lks;kchu ds` rs¥ (Oil) d`h 3-4 cw∑nÍ xqfM;k (Orobanche) ij Mk¥Í] rks og ej tk,xh\ (iv) œ`l¥kÍ eÍ ekSƒk (Cyprus rotundus) [jirokj ds` fu;U(. gsrq ;fn œ`l¥–p∂` eÍ fr¥ (Til ;k Sesamum) d`h [srh rhu o"Z ¥xkrkj d`jÍ] rks ekSƒk (Grass nut) tÈM ls gesæk ds` f¥, uÆV gks tk,xk\ ,slh gh vusd` Lonsæh/iSf(d` rd`uhdÍ` gß ftuds` bLrsek¥ ls d`e [phZ¥h [srh d`h tk ld`rh gS ftls d`e [phZ¥h rd`uhd` (Low cost technology) Hh d`gk tkrk gS\ ^'u%‘d`ks¥ ∂`kWIl’ (Cole Crops) ls D;k vfH^k; gS = d`kSulh lCth œ`l¥Í blds` vUrxZr vkrh gß = m®j%jch ekSle (Rabi season) eÍ cks, tkus ok¥h lCth œ`l¥Í« tSls% œw`¥xksHh (Cauliflower), ikrxksHh (Cabbage) ,oa xk∑BxksHh (Knolkhol) d`ks¥ ∂`kWIl (Cole Crops) d`gh tkrh gß vƒkZrΩ ‘C3 plants’ Hh bUgÍ d`grs gß\ B≥Mh t¥ok;q ;k Winter season bu œ`l¥kÍ d`h o~f* ,oa mit gsrq vPNk jgrk gS\ ikrxksHh eÍ Vit. A, B o C ^pqj ek(k eÍ ikbZ tkrh gS] lkƒ gh P, K, Ca, Na o Fe rRo Hh ekStwn gksrs gß] tcfd` œw`¥xksHh eÍ Vit. A o C, K, Na, Ca, Fe, P o Mg rRo ik, tkrs gß\ xk∑BxksHh eÍ ¥o. izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1684

inkƒZ%Ca, Mg, P, K, Na o S vf÷kd` ik, tkrs gß\ ^'u%iæq iks". (Animal Nutrition) eÍ gjs pkjs (Green Fodders) d`k D;k egRo gS = m®j%gjs pkjs tSls%cjlhe] ¥wluZ] Xokj] ¥ksfc;k] Tokj vkfn LokfnÆV ,oa ikSfÆVd` gksrs gß] ftUgÍ iæq cÈMs pko ls [krs gß\ gjs pkjs eÍ ^ksVhu] pwuk] œ`kWLœ`ksjl mfpr ek(k eÍ mi¥C÷k gksus ls nw÷k mRiknu cÈa>k iqf¥u D;k gS = m®j%lkxj rV ij iqf¥u ds` ˜ijh fd`ukjs ij Lƒw¥ inkƒksÛ] da`d`ÈM] xqfVd`k] xks¥k'e vkfn ds` lafpr gksus ls fufeZr Lƒ¥ Ôi ftld`k fuekZ. nh?Z Tokj r¥ ls ˜ij gksrk gS\ ;g vius lehiLƒ Hwfe ls dq`N ehVj ˜∑pkbZ ij gksrk gS\ >a>k iqf¥u d`k fuekZ. ^c¥ >a>k ls mRiUu mPpre lkxjh; ¥gjkÍ }kjk rVh; Hwfe

ij æS¥ inkƒksÛ ds` fu”si ls gksrk gS\ ;g rVorhZ fuEu Hwfe d`ks leqnzh ¥gjkÍ ls lqj”k ^nku d`jrk gS\ ds`o¥ vR;f÷kd` ^c¥ rƒk vlkekU; rwœ`ku eÍ gh lkxjh; ¥gjÍ bl iqf¥u d`ks ikj d`jrh gß\ ^'u%Œ¥sfDlc¥ fMLI¥s D;k gS = m®j%o"ksÛ ls æks÷kd`rkZ isij l›æ fMLI¥s cukus eÍ ¥xs gq, gß\ ,slk fMLI¥s ftls eksÈMk tk lds`] cs¥ukd`kj ¥isVk tk lds` vkSj tÔjr iÈMus ij d`eht d`h vkLrhukÍ eÍ j[k tk lds`\ blds` cuus ls ubZ rjg ds` ls¥œ`ksu] d`EI;wVj] bZ–isij vkSj bZ–cqd` cukbZ tk ldÍ`xh\ vejhd`h lsuk d`h lgk;rk ls ,fjtksukLVsV ;wfuoflZVh ds` Œ¥sfDlc¥ fMLI¥s lsUVj us ,slh rd`uhd` d`k fod`kl lSfud`kÍ ds` f¥, fd`;k gS\ ^'u%efeZLVj D;k gS = m®j%eseksjh V_kaftLVj d`ks efeZLVj d`gk tkrk gS\ ;g d`EI;wVj d`h nqfu;k d`k o"Z 2008 d`k cÈMk peRd`kj gS\ rhu ,¥hesUVΩl ls fe¥d`j efeZLVj cuk gS vkSj ;s rhukÍ ,¥hesUVΩl gß%dS`isflVj] jftLVj vkSj bUMDVj\ bld`h enn ls d`EI;wVj ;g ;kn j[ lds`xk fd` tc vkius d`EI;wVj d`ks cUn fd`;k ƒk] ml le; vki D;k d`ke d`j jgs ƒs\ bld`h otg ls d`EI;wVj d`ks gj ckj cwV ugÓ d`juk iÈMsxk\ lkƒ gh] ;g ˜tkZ d`h [ir Hh d`e d`jsxk\ ^'u%jkÆV_ la? ds` ^eq[ vax d`kSu ls ƒs = m®j%jkÆV_ la? ds` rhu ^eq[ vax fuEu ƒs% (i) lHk%lHk eÍ jkÆV_ la? ds` lHh lnL;kÍ d`k ^frfuf÷kRo gksrk gS] ^R;sd` lnL; vius rhu ^frfuf÷k Hstus d`k vf÷kd`kjh ƒk] ijUrq] ^R;sd` lnL; flœZ` ,d` oksV nsus d`k vf÷kd`kjh ƒk\ (ii) ifj"nΩ%ifj"nΩ ds` lnL; eq“; fe( jkÆV_ ,oa lg;ksxh ƒs vƒkZrΩ fczVsu] vejhd`k] ≠`kal] bV¥h] tkiku ƒs\ pkj lnL; jkÆV_ la? d`h lHk }kjk pqus tkrs ƒs\ (iii) lfpok¥;%;g jkÆV_ la? d`k ,slk Hkx ƒk] tks jkÆV_ la? d`k ^æklu d`jrk ƒk] bleÍ dq`¥ 600 vf÷kd`kjh ƒs\ ^'u%fd`lh leqnz fof÷k ij U;k;kf÷k– d`j. crkb,\ m®j%luΩ 1996 vxLr eÍ leqnz fof÷k ij U;k;kf÷kd`j. ds` xBu gsrq dq`¥ 21 U;k;k÷khækÍ d`k p;u fd`;k x;k\ bu U;k;k÷khækÍ d`k p;u lkE;kiw.Z HkSxksf¥d` vk÷kkj ij fd`;k tkrk gS\ bu 21 lnL;kÍ eÍ ,fæ;k ds` 5 , v≠`hd`k ds` 5, ;wjksih; nsækÍ ds` 4, ¥sfVu vejhd`k ds` 4, dS`jhfc;u ”s( ds` 4 ,oa iwohZ ;wjksi nsækÍ ls rhu lnL; ƒs\ ●●●

^'u%jkÆV_h; ,d`rk ifj"nΩ ds` laxBu ds` fo"; eÍ tkud`kjh nhft,\ % ';ke ¥k¥ cSjok] >k¥kokÈM

^'u%'kkafr ds` vxznwr d`gs tkus ok¥s egkRek xka|h d`ks vc rd` ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj D;kÍ ugÓ fn;k x;k`= % fnus'k pkSgku] m®jk[≥M

m®j%jkÆV_h; ,d`rk ifj"nΩ ds` lEcU| eÍ lafo|ku eÍ d`ksbZ mY¥s[ ugÓ fd`;k x;k gS\ blds` xBu ds` f¥, d`ksbZ lalnh; vf|fu;e Hh ugÓ cuk;k x;k gS\ luΩ 1961 eÍ flrEcj–vDVwcj eÍ vk;ksftr jkÆV_h; ,d`rk lEes¥u eÍ blds` xBu d`k fu.Z; f¥;k x;k rƒk loZ^ƒe 1961 eÍ gh rRd`k¥hu ^|kuea(h tokgj¥k¥ usgÔ d`h v÷;”rk eÍ bld`k xBu fd`;k x;k\ bl ifj"nΩ d`k xBu ^|kuea(h }kjk fd`;k tkrk gS\ bleÍ ^|kuea(h ds` lkƒ– lkƒ x~gea(h] lHh jkT;kÍ ds` eq“;ea(h] jktuhfrd` n¥kÍ ds` ^eq[ usrk] ofjÆB i(d`kj] cqf*thoh] fopkjd` ,oa oSKkfud` vkfn d`ks lfEef¥r fd`;k tkrk gS\ ifj"nΩ d`k eq“; mˆs'; nsæ eÍ jkÆV_h; ,d`rk Lƒkfir d`juk gS] ftlds` f¥, lkE^nkf;d`rk] ”s(okn ,oa vU; fo?Vud`kjh rRokÍ ij xgu fopkj-foeæZ fd`;k tkrk gS\ ^'u%la? lwph] jkT; lwph rƒk leorhZ lwph eÍ mfY¥f[r fo";kÍ ds` lEcU| eÍ crkb,\

m®j%ukscs¥ lfefr }kjk fu|kZfjr fu;ekÍ ds` vuqlkj] ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ds`o¥ thfor O;fDr;kÍ d`ks gh fn;k tkrk gS\ dq`N le; iwoZ ukscs¥ lfefr }kjk tkjh ,d` lwpuk ds` vuqlkj] vaxzstkÍ ds` Mj ls egkRek xka|h d`ks muds` thoud`k¥ eÍ ukscs¥ iqjLd`kj ugÓ fn;k x;k\ ml le; fczVsu nqfu;k d`k lcls 'kfDr'kk¥h ns'k Fkk vkSj ogk∑ d`k ^|kuea(h pfpZ¥] egkRek xka|h ls cgqr fpÈk] eqtŒœ`jiqj ^'u%X¥ksc¥ okfeÛx ds` ckjs eÍ m®j%Hkjr ds` lafo|ku d`h lkroÓ crkb,\ vuqlwph eÍ rhu lwph # la? lwph] jkT; % veu [ku xkSjh] tk¥kSu] m\ ^\ lwph vkSj leorhZ lwph d`k mY¥s[ fd`;k m®j%lw;Z ls i~Foh ij vkus ok¥h x;k gS\ bu lwfp;kÍ eÍ og fo"; fn, x, gß ˜tkZ ds` dq`N va'k d`ks ok;qe≥M¥ vkSj dq`N ftu ij ljd`kjkÍ }kjk d`kuwu cuk, tkrs d`ks |jkr¥ vo'kksf"r d`j ¥srs gß vkSj 'ks" gß\ jkT; ljd`kjkÍ rƒk ds`Unz ljd`kj ds` ˜tkZ vUrfj{k eÍ okil p¥h tkrh gS\ e÷; fo"; ds` vf|d`kj ”s( d`ks ¥sd`j fofHUu d`kj.kÍ ls i~Foh ds` ok;qe≥M¥ eÍ d`ksbZ fookn u gks blf¥, ;g O;oLƒk d`h d`kcZu MkbvkWDlkbM d`h ek(k cÈ
^.k¥h (Eco–system) d`ks lqn~È< d`juk gksrk gS] ftld`h ftEesnkjh ‘Hkjrh; okuLifrd` losZ’ (‘BSI’– Botanical Survey of India, Lƒkiuk 16 œ`jojh] 1890)– i;kZoj. ,oa ou ea(k¥; ·Hkjr ljd`kj‚ d`h gksrh gS\ orZeku (2008) eÍ] nsæ eÍ dq`¥ 99 jkÆV_h; ikdZ` gß] tSls%d`kthjaxk ·vle‚] d`kads`j ?kVh jkÆV_h; ikdZ` N®hlxÈ< vkfn\ ☛ oU;tho v˙;kj≥; (Wildlife Sanctuaries) eÍ ‘tho-tUrqvkÍ’ d`k v÷;;u fd`;k tkrk gS tks ‘Hkjrh; ^k.hfoKku losZ”.’ (‘ZSI’–Zoological Survey of India) ds` v|hu gß\ bleÍ tho-tUrqvkÍ ds` laj”.] laxzg] losZ d`k;Z fd`, tkrs gß ftld`k (ZSI) eq“;k¥; d`ks¥d`krk gS\ nsæ eÍ dq`¥ 513 oU;tho v˙;kj≥; gß] tSls% uanud`kuu v˙;kj≥; ·mÈMhlk‚] tax¥h x|kÍ d`k v˙;kj≥; d`PN] vkfn gß ftueÍ æsj] phrk] fgju] ˜∑ V ] uh¥ xk;] e~x] eRL; vkfn ik, tkrs gß\ nsæ eÍ ‘oU;tho vuqla|ku ds`Unz’ (WRI), nsgjknwu« ‘l¥he v¥h i”hfoKku rƒk ^kÎ`frd` bfrgkl ds`Unz’] d`ks;EcVwj ij vuqla|ku d`k;Z gksrk gS\ ^'u%mnkjhd`j.] futhd`j. rFkk oS'ohd`j. D;k gS`= D;k ;g ,d`-nwljs ls fd`lh Hh Ôi eÍ lEcfU|r gS`= % jktsUnz dq`ekj] ckÈMesj ·jktLFkku‚

m®j%mnkjhd`j. ls rkRi;Z vkfFkZd` fu;ekÍ rFkk fu;U(.kÍ d`h lj¥rk ls gS\ ^'kqYd`kÍ eÍ d`eh d`jds` rFkk ljd`kjh gLr{ksi d`e d`jds` vFkZO;oLFkk eÍ mnkjhd`j. viuk;k tkrk gS\ futhd`j. ls rkRi;Z ljd`kjh rFkk lkoZtfud` {ks( ds` LokfeRo eÍ d`eh d`juk gS\ oS'ohd`j. ds` vUrxZr ,d` ns'k d`k vU; ns'kkÍ ds` lkFk oLrq] lsok] iw∑th ,oa ckSf*d` lEink d`k v^frcfU|r vknku-^nku gksrk gS\ ;fn xgjkbZ ls ns[k tk, rks mnkjhd`j.] futhd`j. rFkk oS'ohd`j. ,d`leku mˆs'; d`h gh iwfrZ d`jrs gß] vr# ;g ,d`-nwljs ls lEcfU|r gß\ Hkjr ljd`kj d`h uohu vkfFkZd` uhfr eÍ bu lHh d`k lekos'k fd`;k x;k gS\ blds` vUrxZr lHh oLrqvkÍ ds` vk;kr d`h ·fofHUu pj.kÍ eÍ‚ [q¥h NwV] lhek 'kqYd` eÍ d`eh] fons'kh iw∑th ds` eqDr ^okg d`h vuqefr] lsok {ks( fo'ks"d`j cßfd`ax] chek rFkk tgktjkuh {ks(kÍ eÍ fons'kh iw∑th ds` fuos'k d`h NwV rFkk :i, d`ks iw.Z ifjorZuh; d`juk bR;kfn mik;kÍ d`k lekos'k fd`;k x;k gS\ ;g mik; ,d` ckj eÍ gh ¥kxw fd`, tkus ok¥s mik; ugÓ] cfYd` mUgÍ fofHUu pj.kÍ eÍ ¥kxw fd`, tkus d`h ckr d`gh xbZ gS\ ●●●

rjg ls c;k∑ fd`;k gS fd`] ∏tc Tokj p¥k tkrk gS] rc irk p¥rk gS fd` d`kSu uaxk ugk jgk ƒk]π vkt c߯d`x O;oLƒk iwjh rjg ls pjejk xbZ gS] blls m|kj fe¥uk can gks x;k gS\ d`Eifu;kÍ d`ks liksVZ ugÓ fe¥ ik jgk gS\ vƒZO;oLƒk ds` iruksUeq[ ✍ vfH"sd` jatu pqUuq gksus ls ukSd`fj;k∑ d`e gks jgh gß] ftlds` œ`¥LoÔi lEif®;kÍ ds` d`tZ d`h fd`LrÍ u ns ikus ok¥kÍ d`h la“;k cÈ
^ƒe iqjLÎ`r fucU|

fo'oO;kih vkfƒZd` lad`V`#`d`kj. ,oa funku fo'o bfrgkl lnk–loZnk ls mƒ¥– iqƒ¥ d`k lad`¥u jgk gS] d`Hh fo'o ;q* d`h foHhf"d`k gks] rks d`Hh iwjs cz©k≥M ds` uÆV gksus d`h vkæad`k d`Hh vkilh ^fr}af}rk gkoh gks tkrh gS] rks d`Hh loksZPprk d`k niZ\ vkSifuosfæd` ˜gkiksg ds` chp fo'o– ækfUr ds` f¥, ^;kljr nsækÍ ds` chp vkfƒZd` lac¥rk ls fMxus d`k [rjk gesæk ls ifj¥f”r gksrk jgk gS\ orZeku eÍ iwjs oSf'od` vƒZO;oLƒk d`ks [rjs eÍ eglwl fd`;k tk jgk gS\ reke vƒZækL(h] fo'¥s"d`] æs;j xq:vkÍ d`h utj eÍ ;g ,d` fod`V leL;k d`h æqÔvkr gS] ftlls mcjus ds` f¥, ,d` ckj iqu# fo'o leqnk; d`ks ,d`tqV gksuk gksxk\ ;g vkfƒZd` lad`V fo'oO;kih gS\ vejhd`k ls H¥s gh bl lad`V d`h æqÔvkr gqbZ gks] ¥sfd`u bld`h pisV eÍ vkt nqfu;k ds` ¥xHx lHh nsæ vk pqds` gß\ vejhd`k o ;wjksi ds` fod`kl d`h xfr iwjh rjg :d` xbZ gS\ vkt oSf'od` vƒZO;oLƒk d`h lajpuk dq`N bl rjg d`h gS fd` nqfu;k ds` lHh nsækÍ d`k vkilh tqÈMko cuk gqvk gS\ blf¥, bl lad`V ds` g¥ eÍ gh nqfu;k d`ks viuk H¥k fn[ jgk gS\ lh|s rkSj ij ns[k tk, rks tc fd`lh nsæ d`h vkfƒZd` fod`kl nj eÍ ¥xkrkj nks frekfg;kÍ ds` nkSjku fxjkoV ntZ d`h tkrh gS] rks mls eanh d`h fxjŒr eÍ eku f¥;k tkrk gS\ fd`lh nsæ d`ks eanh d`h fLƒfr eÍ ekuus d`k ;g ,d` vklku o rd`uhd`hxr œ`kWewZ¥k gS\

eanh ds` ^eq[ d`kj. 1990 ds` næd` ds` vUr eÍ mHjrs cktkjkÍ ok¥h vƒZO;oLƒk ls ljd`kjÍ T;knk læafd`r gks xbÛ ƒÓ vkSj blls mcjus gsrq vfrfjâ` ctV cÈ
^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1686

vf|d` ^frœ`¥ ^kIr d`jus ds` cktkj f[¥kfÈM;kÍ ds` ^;klkÍ] d`etksj vaMjjkb¯Vx ekud`kÍ] vi;kZIr tksf[e ^cU|u O;ogkjkÍ ds` p¥rs fo®h; cktkjkÍ eÍ vlqj”k d`h cÈ
eanh ls futkr gsrq Hkjr d`h rRijrk oSf'od` eanh d`k vlj Hkjr ds` fu;kZrkÍ ij vkSj vf|d` xgjk jgk gS\ flrEcj 2008 eÍ fu;kZr o~f* nj |heh gksus ds` ckn vDVwcj ekg eÍ ¥xHx 12 ^frær d`h )`.kRed` o~f* Hkjr ds` fu;kZrkÍ eÍ ntZ d`h xbZ gS\ vDVwcj 2008 eÍ dq`¥ fu;kZr 12·8 vjc MkW¥j ds` gh jgs gß] tks ,d` o"Z iwoZ vDVwcj 2007 eÍ 14·6 vjc MkW¥j ds` ƒs\ d`bZ o"ksÛ ds` i'pkrΩ fd`lh ekg eÍ nsæ eÍ fu;kZr o~f* )`.kRed` jgh gS\ oSf'od` vkfƒZd` eanh ds` ekStwnk nkSj eÍ vƒZO;oLƒk eÍ rj¥rk d`h leqfpr mi¥C|rk cuk, j[us ds` f¥, Hkjrh; fjtoZ cßd` vkSj lsch us vius–vius Lrj ij ^;kl fd`;k gS\ lsch us fonsæh laLƒkxr fuosæd`kÍ }kjk tkjh fd`, tkus ok¥s ikfVZflisVΩjh uksVΩl ij vkjksfir ^frcU| gVk f¥;k gS\ Hkjrh; fjtoZ cßd` us cSd`kÍ ds` f¥, lhvkjvkj eÍ ¥xkrkj pkj ckj d`VkSrh d`h gS\ cßd`kÍ ds` f¥, bu njkÍ eÍ d`h xbZ d`VkSfr;kÍ ls cßd`kÍ ds` ikl f¥fDofMVh eÍ Hkjh o~f* gksxh ftlls og m|kfj;kÍ ij C;kt njÍ ?Vk ldÍ`xs\ blls vƒZO;oLƒk eÍ rj¥rk ds` ^okg eÍ o~f* gksxh\ eanh ds` ckotwn vƒZO;oLƒk d`h vkækoknh rLohj ^Lrqr d`j vkfƒZd` lad`V d`k lkeuk ds` fufe® ls ds`Unz ljd`kj us 23 fnlEcj] 2008 d`ks fo®h; o"Z 2008– 09 d`h e÷;kof| leh”k ^Lrqr d`h xbZ\ bl vkfƒZd` leh”k eÍ eanh vkSj vkfƒZd` fod`kl nj eÍ fxjkoV ds` vuqeku ds` lkƒ Hkjrh; vƒZO;oLƒk d`h mHjrh rLohj isæ d`jus d`h d`ksfææ d`h xbZ gS\ ljd`kj us X¥ksc¥ vkfƒZd` lad`V ds` chp vkfƒZd` fod`kl nj 7 ^frær jgus d`k vuqeku ¥xk;k x;k gS\ blds` lkƒ gh ljd`kj us ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1687

d`gk gS fd` vkfƒZd` lq|kjkÍ eÍ rsth ¥kd`j gh ekStwnk lqLrh ls fuiVk tk ld`rk gS\ ljd`kj us laln eÍ isæ vƒZO;oLƒk d`h e÷;kof| leh”k eÍ d`gk gS fd` X¥ksc¥ Lrj ij xgjkrs vkfƒZd` lad`V vkSj ?js¥w fuosæ ek∑x eÍ vkbZ lqLrh d`ks ns[rs gq, fopkjk|hu vkfƒZd` lq|kjkÍ ij rst xfr ls ve¥ gh æk;n mPp fod`kl nj gkfl¥ d`jus d`k ,d`ek( rjhd`k gks ld`rk gS\ ljd`kj us ekSfnzd` d`nekÍ eÍ rsth ¥k, tkus vkSj fuEu C;kt njkÍ ds` ekgkS¥ d`h vksj Hh ÷;ku vkÎ`ÆV fd`;k gS\ ljd`kj us okeiaƒh njkÍ ds` d`ÈMs fojks| ds` ckotwn pqukoh o"Z eÍ laln eÍ chek ”s( ls lEcfU|r nks fooknkLin fo|s;d` isæ d`jds` vkfƒZd` lq|kjkÍ d`k tkjh j[us ds` ^fr viuh opuc*rk ig¥s gh ^nfæZr d`j nh gS\ oSf'od` eanh ds` vlj d`ks d`e d`jus ds` f¥, fjtoZ cßd` ds` ekSfnzd` mik; viukus ds` i'pkrΩ ljd`kj us jktd`ks"h; mik;kÍ d`k lgkjk Hh vc f¥;k gS\ ,d` cÈMs jktd`ks"h; iSds`t d`h ?ks".k xr 7 fnlEcj d`ks d`h gS] ftlds` rgrΩ mRikn æqYd` eÍ 4``^frær fcUnq d`h d`VkSrh] ;kstuk O;; eÍ 20 gtkj d`jksÈM :i, rd` d`h o~f*] Je ^|ku fu;kZrkÍ ds` f¥, C;kt nj eÍ 2``^frær d`h lfClMh o vk|kfjd` lajpuk ifj;kstukvkÍ ds` f¥, fo®h; nækvkÍ d`ks csgrj d`juk vkfn ækfe¥ fd`, x, gß\ blls fofuekZ.h ”s(kÍ eÍ mRiknu d`h xfr cÈ
ckn d`bZ cßd` viuh )`. njkÍ d`ks d`e d`j pqds` gß] ftlls [kld`j vkokl] fu;kZr vkSj e>ks¥s m»ksx lesr d`bZ ”s(kÍ d`ks jkgr fe¥h gS\ leh”k eÍ bl ckr ij foæs" c¥ fn;k x;k gS fd` nsæ d`ks pk¥w fo® o"Z d`h nwljh Nekgh ds` nkSjku vis”kÎ`r T;knk lqLr fod`kl nj ds` f¥, rS;kj jguk pkfg,\ njvl¥] pk¥w fo® o"Z ds` nkSjku vkfƒZd` fod`kl nj 7 ^frær gh jgus d`h lEHkouk trkbZ xbZ gS\ blds` f¥, vkS»ksfxd` nsækÍ eÍ O;kIr lad`V d`ks ftEesnkj Bgjk;k x;k gS] tks Hkjr ls fu;kZr ds` lkƒ–lkƒ nsæ eÍ iw∑th ^Hko d`ks d`kœ`h gn rd` ^Hkfor d`j jgs gß \ ljd`kj us vƒZO;oLƒk ds` enΩnsutj ,d` ld`kjkRed`rk gesæk ls nækZ;h gS] ,slh mEehn trkbZ tkrh jgh gS fd` d`eksfMVh vkSj bÛ|u ewY;kÍ eÍ fxjkoV vkus ls eg∑xkbZ d`h nj vkSj ?Vd`j ekpZ 2007 ds` Lrj ij vk tk,xh\ eg∑xkbZ d`h nj vxLr 2008 eÍ ntZ 12·91 ^frær d`h fjd`kWMZ ˜∑pkbZ ls ?Vd`j fnlEcj ds` vkjEH eÍ 6·84 ^frær ij vk xbZ ƒh\ blds` v¥kok] Hkjr us ,œ`MhvkbZ d`ks vPNh fLƒfr eÍ cgk¥ d`j j[k gS\ ljd`kj ds` vuqlkj fo'oO;kih vkfƒZd` lad`V vkSj vfuf'prrk ds` ekStwnk ekgkS¥ eÍ vfuoklh Hkjrh; nsæ ds` lkoZtfud` cßd`kÍ ds` opZLo ok¥h cS¯d`x ^.k¥h d`ks lqjf”r vkSj lVhd` eku ld`rs gß\ fo'oO;kih vkfƒZd` eanh ds` d`kj. fod`flr nsækÍ d`h ek∑x eÍ csrgkæk d`eh gks xbZ gS\ bleÍ [kld`j fofuekZ.h d`Eifu;kÍ d`ks mRiknkÍ d`ks cspus eÍ fnDd`rÍ vk jgh gß\ fod`klæh¥ nsækÍ eÍ fod`flr nsækÍ d`h vis”k ek∑x iSnk d`juk vf|d` vklku gS\ ;gh d`kj. gS fd` vkfƒZd` lad`V ls fud`¥us ds` f¥, fod`klæh¥ nsækÍ ds` ne ij vius mRiknkÍ ds` f¥, ek∑x] fod`flr nsæ iSnk d`juk pkgrs gß\ tÔjr gS fd` ^R;sd` d`ks viuh Hwfed`k ds` lœ`¥ vkSj lqfuf'pr Ôi ls d`k;kZUo;u d`h\ ,d`-nwljs d`h eg®k le>us d`h vkSj vkilh lg;ksx ds` }kjk ,sls okrkoj. ds` fuekZ. d`h ftleÍ ,d` d`Hh Hh nwljs d`ks vius cktkj ds` Ôi eÍ u ns[Í\ u gh vius fod`kl d`h lhÈk∑d`us d`h fLƒfr eÍ ¥k ld`rs gß\ ●●●

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mid`kj ^d`kæu] vkxjk–2 ● E-mail : [email protected] ● Website : www.upkar.in

^fr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1688

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okn-fookn izfr;ksfxrk fo"; # ‘Hkjr }kjk vkrad`okn d`ks lekIr d`jus gsrq blds` lzksr ij d`ÈMh lSfud` d`k;Zokgh d`h tkuh pkfg,\’ i” eÍ % æS¥ dq`ekjh LorU(rk ^kfIr ds` 61 o"Z chr pqds` gß\ 61 o"Z ckn Hh Hkjr eÍ ækfUr-vækfUr d`k lEcU| ikfd`Lrku ls tqÈMk gS\ vktknh ds` le; tc iwjk nsæ [qæh eÍ >we jgk ƒk] rc ikfd`Lrku us v¥x gksd`j tks Hkjr ek∑ d`h vk∑[kÍ eÍ vk∑lw fn, ƒs] mu vk∑lqvkÍ d`ks vkt rd` :d`us ugÓ fn;k] fd`lh-u-fd`lh rjg og Hkjr ek∑ d`ks d`ÆV igq ∑ p krk jgrk gS \ ikfd`Lrku vkS j vkrad`okn nksukÍ ,d`-nwljs ds` i;kZ; ¥xus ¥xs gß\ ikfd`Lrku vius tUed`k¥ ls gh ;q*d` joS;k viuk, gq, gS\ ikfd`Lrku 1947 eÍ vfLrRo eÍ vk;k ƒk] vfLrRo eÍ vkus ds` nks eghus ds` vUnj gh ikfd`Lrku us tEew-d`'ehj eÍ d`ckbf¥;kÍ d`h vkÈM eÍ ge¥k d`jk ds` [wu-[jkcs d`k ,d` vUrghu fl¥fl¥k æqÔ fd`;k] tks vkt rd` [Re gksus d`k uke ugÓ ¥s jgk gS\ xr o"Z 26 uoEcj d`ks eqEcbZ eÍ gqvk ge¥k mlh ^f∂`;k d`h uohure d`È M h ƒh\ ;g fl¥fl¥k tkjh j[us eÍ ikfd`Lrku d`ksbZ d`lj ugÓ j[rk gS\ ;g fl¥fl¥k [wu[jkckÍ ds` Ôi eÍ d`Hh tEew d`ks viuk fuækuk cukrk gS] rks d`Hh fd`lh ægj d`ks viuk fuækuk cukrk gS] rks d`Hh d`kjfx¥ ;q* d`jokrk gS\ vkrad`okn d`h vf|d`kaæ tÈMÍ ikfd`Lrku eÍ gß\ Hkjr bl n~fÆV ls vleƒZ gS] fd` og ikfd`Lrku d`k joS;k cn¥ ns ;k vkrad`okn ik¥d` ^R;” ;k v^R;” lgk;rk d`ks cUn d`jok ns\ tc Hh d`gÓ vkrad`oknh ge¥k gksrk gS] rks Hkjr fpj-ifjfpr vankt eÍ d`ksjk æksj d`jds` pqi gks tkrk gS\ d`'ehj ij tc ig¥k ge¥k gqvk ƒk] rHh Hkjr d`ks bld`k eq∑grksÈM tokc nsuk pkfg, ƒk] ¥sfd`u`Hkjr us ækfUr d`k jkLrk viukrs gq, la;qDr jkÆV_ eÍ xqgkj ¥xk;h] ¥sfd`u vc cgqr gks pqd`k\ vc viuh fpj-ifjfpr igpku eÍ dq`N cn¥ko d`juk gksxk] ;g gekjh vkRej”k d`k lok¥ gS\ geÍ viuh lqj”k ds` f¥, fd`lh ds` eq∑g d`h vksj rkd`us ds` ctk; dq`N [qn gh d`juk gksxk\ ugÓ rks gekjh lnkæ;rk d`k vƒZ d`k;jrk gh ¥xk;k tkrk jgsxk\ izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1689

ikfd`Lrku vius tUed`k¥ ls gh ;q*jr jgk gS\ tSls%d`ck;¥h ;q* (1947), d`PN ;q* (1965), iwohZ ikfd`Lrku eÍ ;q* (1971) vkSj d`kjfx¥ ;q* (1999) bu ^R;” ;q*kÍ eÍ eq∑g d`h [k pqd`k gS] fœ`j Hh vkrad`h ;q* ds` tfj, ¥xkrkj ge¥kokj jgrk gS\ og vkrad`okn ^fæ”. ds` Ldw`¥ p¥okrk gS\ ekuk fd` ikfd`Lrku eÍ p¥ jgs vkrad`oknh fæojkÍ d`ks cUn d`jokuk gekjs gkƒ eÍ ugÓ gS] rks viuh lqj”k ds` f¥, d`ÈMh lSfud` d`k;Zokgh d`juk gh gekjs ikl ugÓ gS D;k = viuh lqj”k ds` f¥, gekjs dq`N d`ÈMs fu.Z; gh vkrad`okn ls fuiVus eÍ lgk;d` gkÍxs] D;kÍfd` ge vkrad`okn ds` [kRes ds` f¥, d`c rd` mu ij fo'okl d`jrs jgÍxs\ vjs vkrad`okn d`h ftl ikS| d`ks ikfd`Lrku us [qn jksik gS] mls mtkÈMus ds` f¥, vc Hh mUgÓ ij Hjkslk gekjs fgr eÍ gksxk D;k = D;k vHh rd` d`k tks le; mUgÍ fn;k x;k] og d`e ƒk = ;s nks ,sls lj¥ ^'u ftud`ks d`jus ls [qn-c-[qn tokc fe¥ tkrk gS] fd` tc 61 o"Z eÍ dq`N ugÓ gqvk] rks vc vkxs muls D;k mEehn d`h tk,\ blf¥, viuh lqj”k ds` f¥, geÍ gh dq`N d`juk gksxk\ Hkjr d`ks btjk;¥ ls dq`N fæ”k ¥suh gksxh\ btjk;¥ ij fd`, x, jkds`V ge¥kÍ ds` tokc eÍ btjkb¥ eÍ ftl vankt eÍ bÛV d`k tokc iRƒj ls fn;k] iwjs fœ`f¥Lrhuh-rU( ds` ilhus NqÈMk fn,] vc fœ`f¥Lrhu d`ks nqfu;k ds` lkeus fxÈMfxÈMkuk iÈM jgk gS] vkSj Hkjr d`ks nsf[, eqEcbZ ds` ge¥kÍ ds` tokc eÍ Hkjr d`h ^frf∂`;k D;k jgh = Hkjr viuh lkjh ˜tkZ ikfd`Lrku d`h vksj m∑x¥h mBkus eÍ [pZ fd`, ns jgk gS\ [qn dq`N d`jus d`h ctk; Hkjr ljd`kj vejhd`k ds` lkeus gk∑ƒ œS`¥kd`j Hh[ d`h rjg U;k; pkgrk gS] vejhd`k D;k geÍ U;k; fn¥ok,xk`= vjs Hxoku mlh d`h lgk;rk d`jrk gS] tks [qn viuh lgk;rk d`jrk gS\ fœ`j vejhd`k rks ,d` dw`VuhfrK nsæ gS vkSj og dw`Vuhfr eÍ gesæk vkxs jgk gS] blf¥, mlls dq`N vkæk ¥xkuk csekuh gS] D;kÍfd` lcds` vius jkÆV_fgr gS vkSj vius jkÆV_fgr ls ˜ij mBd`j d`ksbZ dq`N ugÓ d`jsxk\ geus tks lcwr eqEcbZ vkrad`oknh ge¥s eÍ

^kIr fd`, gß] mud`ks lcd`ks fn[k jgs gß] gekjs ds`Unzh; x~gea(h mud`ks ¥sd`j vejhd`k x;s gß\ D;k vejhd`k ugÓ tkurk fd` ikfd`Lrku D;k gS = D;k mlds` ikl lcwr ugÓ gß mlds` f[¥kœ`] ¥sfd`u og [qn mlds` ^fr uje joS;k viuk, gS\ fœ`j lcwrkÍ d`ks mUgÍ fn[kus d`k D;k er¥c fud`¥rk gS\ d`ksbZ D;kÍ gekjh lgk;rk d`jsxk ;k geÍ U;k; fn¥ok;sxk] bl ekufld`rk d`ks R;kxuk gksxk] D;kÍfd` U;k; Hh[ ek∑xus ls ugÓ fe¥rk] bl ckr d`k bfrgkl lk”h gS\ tc ik≥MokÍ us flœZ` ik∑p xk∑o ek∑xs ƒs] rks mUgÍ tokc eÍ d`gk ƒk fd` ge lqbZ d`h ukÍd` ds` cjkcj tehu ugÓ nÍxs vkSj ik≥MokÍ us tc ;q* fd`;k] rks iwjk jkT; thr f¥;k ƒk] blf¥, viuk gd` ek∑xus ls ugÓ fe¥rk gS] gd` ds` f¥, ¥ÈMk tkrk gS vkSj vkRelqj”k ds` f¥, geÍ ¥ÈMuk gksxk\ ;g gekjk vf|d`kj gS\ vxj Hkjr ikfd`Lrkuh ækld`kÍ d`k ≤n; ifjorZu d`k bUrtkj vkSj vejhd`k] fczVsu tSls nsækÍ ds` vkxs vkus d`h ^rh”k d`jrk jgsxk] rks Hkjr d`k ;g vU|fo'okl gksxk ;k ;g d`fg, fd` ;g d`Hh u [Re gksus ok¥k bUrtkj gksxk\ bl bUrtkj d`k œ`¥ ;g gksxk fd` gk¥kr lq|jus d`k uke ugÓ ¥Íxs\ vjs btjk;¥ tSlk nsæ viuh lqj”k ds` f¥, dq`N d`j ld`rk gS] rks fœ`j ge D;kÍ ugÓ = D;k vejhd`k us bjkd` eÍ d`k;Zokgh d`jrs le; fd`lh ls iwNk ƒk`= tks d`juk ƒk vius vki fd`;k fd`lh ds` lkeus gkƒ ugÓ œS`¥k,] tcfd` mlds` ikl lcwr ugÓ ƒs\ gekjs ikl rks i;kZIr lcwr gß\ vkrad`okn ls fuiVus ds` f¥, rjgrjg ds` lq>ko fn, tk jgs gß\ bl le; vko';d`rk gS lexz vkSj O;kid` j.uhfr d`h tks nsæ d`ks lHh ekspksÛ ij etcwr cuk lds`\ Hkjr d`ks vius vki vUnj vkSj ckgj ls lqjf”r gksuk gksxk\ bl le; tÔjr gS] lhekvkÍ d`ks vHs» cukus d`h\ lSfud` ”erk cÈ
;q* d`k d`ksbZ fod`Yi ugÓ gksrk\ d`grs gß lh|s m∑x¥h ls ?h ugÓ fud`¥rk] rks m∑x¥h VsÈkSrk’ (1950) fd`;k\ ;g le>kSrk O;ƒZ jgk\ ig¥s lSU; ækld` tuj¥ vk;wc [k∑ d`k :[ Hh Hkjr ds` ^fr ;q*d` jgk\ ig¥s jkÆV_ifr bLda`nj v¥h fetkZ Hh Hkjr fojks|h jgs ƒs\ ;kÌk [k∑ ds` le; Hkjr ls ;q* 1971 eÍ gqvk\ tqfYœ`d`kj v¥h HqVΩVks (1971) ] ft;k m¥ gd` (1977), csuthj HqVΩVks (1988–1990 o 1993–1996) vkSj ukokt æjhœ` Hh Hkjr ds` ^fr vk∂`ked` jgs ƒs\ d`kjfx¥ ;q* ijost eqæjZœ` d`h gh [qjkœ`kr ƒh\ rks vc ge vkxs D;k mEehn d`jÍ fd` og gekjs ^fr fe(orΩ jgÍxs\ geÍ viuh lsuk d`ks vkSj æfDræk¥h cukuk gksxk vkSj vf|d` vf|d`kj nsus gkÍxs] ftlls og viuk d`k;Z vPNh rjhds` ls d`j lds` vkSj tks vkrad`oknh id`ÈMk tk,] mld`ks d`ÈMh-ls-d`ÈMh ltk nh tk,\ Hkjr d`ks viuh v^oklu uhfr;kÍ d`ks Hh xEHhjrk ls d`luk gksxk\ vk, fnu lquus d`ks fe¥rk gS fd` ¥k[kÍ voS| ckaX¥knsæh Hkjr eÍ ?ql vk, gß] vkSj rqjUr mud`ks jkæud`kMZ vkSj ernkrk d`kMZ fe¥ tkrs gß] ;g lc voS| rjhds` ls gksrk gS\ blf¥, tks voS| rjhds` ls vkrs gß vkSj tks bud`ks jkæud`kMZ vkSj ernkrk d`kMZ fn¥okrs gß] muds` ^fr Hh d`ÈMh d`k;Zokgh d`h tk, tks Hkjr ds` vUnj jgd`j vkrad`okfn;kÍ d`h enn d`jrs gß] mu nzksgh rÂokÍ d`ks Hh d`ÈMh ltk nh tk,\ ftlls nksckjk d`Hh eqEcbZ tSlh vkrad`oknh H;kud` nq?ZVuk u gks lds`\ dq`N nsæ ds` gqDejku d`g jgs gß fd` ikfd`Lrku ljd`kj d`k vius nsæ ds` vkrad`okfn;kÍ ij d`ksbZ tksj ugÓ gS] mld`k tksj p¥s ;k u p¥s blds` f¥, Hkjr D;k izfr;ksfxrk niZ./vizS¥/2009/1690

d`js = Hkjr ds` f¥, lSfud` d`k;Zokgh ds` f¥, ;g le; cgqr vuqdw`¥ gS\ bl le; baVjiks¥ vkSj la;qDr jkÆV_ lqj”k ifj"nΩ rd` mld`h lgk;rk ds` f¥, ^Lrqr gS\ vxj bl le; Hh geus muds` ^fr nksLrkuk joS;k viuk;k] rks og gekjh nksLrh ds` vknæZ d`ks csodw`œ`h ;k d`etksjh le>sxk\ blf¥, nksLrh d`k gkƒ mlds` lkeus cÈs vkLd`j okbYM tks fczfVæ lkfgR;d`kj ƒs d`h ;s ¥kbuÍ ;kn vk jgh gß] ’ƒksÈMh fuÆBk [rjukd` gksrh gS vkSj vf|d` fuÆBk d`k gksuk rks iwjh rjg vkRe?kr d`jus tSlk gS\π ;s ¥kbuÍ gekjs nsæ ds` gqDejkukÍ ij fœ`V cSBrh gß\ ge ikfd`Lrku ij fuÆBkoku jgs vkSj oks gesæk geÍ |ks[k nsrk jgk\ blf¥, bl ekSds` d`ks x∑okuk gekjh csodw`œ`h gksxh] ;g lSfud` d`k;Zokgh d`k mi;qDr le; gS\ gekjs æh"Z ds` ftrus Hh usrk gq,] tSls iafMr tokgj ¥k¥ ls ¥sd`j vV¥ fcgkjh oktis;h vkSj eueksgu ¯lg rd` ^se d`h euqgkj gS] ¥sfd`u tokc eÍ |efd`;k∑ gh fe¥h gß\ blf¥, lSfud` d`k;Zokgh gekjh etcwjh vkSj vko';d`rk nksukÍ gß\ ;q* Bhd` ugÓ gksrk gS] ¥sfd`u ƒksis gq, ;q* ls Hkxuk Hh d`k;jrk gh gksxh] blf¥, vc geÍ vkxs cÈnkjh gS] vkSj le; d`h ek∑x gS\ ikfd`Lrku ds` ˜ij d`ÈMh lSfud` d`k;Zokgh d`h tk, vkSj vkrad`okn ls futkr ik;h tk,\ foi” eÍ % xtsUnz ¯lg ‘e|qlwnu’ vO;oLƒk vlUrks" d`ks tUe nsrh gS] vlUrks" ?~.k d`ks iSnk d`jrk gS vkSj ?~.k gh vlUrqÆVkÍ d`ks ekuork ds` fo:* gfƒ;kj mBkus d`ks etcwj d`jrh gS] ;gh etcwjh tc laxfBr gksd`j orZeku O;oLƒk ds` fo:* cÈMh ?Vuk,a ?fVr d`jus ¥xrh gS] rks mu ij lSU; d`k;Zokgh d`k ncko cuk;k tkrk gS] ¥sfd`u ge ;g Hw¥ tkrs gß fd` la?"Z fd`lh leL;k d`k lek|ku ugÓ gS] vkSj ;q*kÍ ls leL;k d`k ugÓ lekt d`k iru gksrk gS] bfrgkl xokg gS ;q*kÍ ls ækfUr d`k l~tu ugÓ flœZ` foukæ gqvk gS] fœ`j vkrad` ds` lzksr vkd`kæ ls ugÓ Vids`] og blh lekt d`h nsu gß] fod`kl ls oafpr ¥ksxkÍ vkSj lkekftd` vlekurk ls ^tfur lkewfgd` vlUrks" gS vkSj vkrad` eÍ rCnh¥ gks pqds` bl vlUrks" d`ks iksf"r d`jus ds` f¥, og U;k;ikf¥d`k ftEesnkj gS] tks oxZ foæs" d`ks lkekftd` U;k; ugÓ ns ld`h] og

fef¥V_hjkt tks funksZ"kÍ d`ks neu d`jrk jgk gS] og iqf¥l ^æklu tks csxqukgkÍ ds` eLrd` eÍ eqtfje f¥[rk gS ;k og fud`Ees jktuhfrK ftUgkÍus l®k rd` igq∑pus ds` f¥, vuSfrd`rk d`ks laj”. fn;k gS] |eZ ds` os n¥k¥ ftUgkÍus ukle> eklwekÍ d`ks ftgkn ds` uke cUnwdÍ` ƒekbÛ vkSj ekuork d`k iru fl[k;k gS] ¥sfd`u gk¥ ds` eqEcbZ ge¥s eÍ ikd` pjeiafƒ;kÍ d`k gkƒ gksus ,oa muds` fo:* d`k;Zokgh d`jus eÍ ikd` d`h fooærk d`ks ¥sd`j nsæ eÍ vkrad`h fBd`kukÍ ij ftl lSU; d`k;Zokgh d`h ppkZ gks jgh gS og u rks ^klafxd` gS vkSj u gh vkrad`okn d`k lek|ku gS] D;kÍfd` U;w;kdZ` eÍ gq, ge¥kÍ ds` cn¥s vejhd`k us vœ`xku vkSj bjkd` ij ge¥k d`j vœ`xkfuLrku d`h rkf¥ckuh vkSj bjkd` d`h lnΩnke ljd`kj d`ks m[kÈM œÍ`d`k] ¥sfd`u D;k blls vœ`xku o bjkd` eÍ vkrad`h |ekd`kÍ d`h vkokt [keksæ gqbZ gS] og rks vHh Hh gks jgs gß vkSj nqfu;kHj d`h ljd`kjÍ bl vkrad` ds` gkƒkÍ C¥Sd`es¥ gks jgh gß] rks D;k Hkjr d`h lSU; d`k;Zokgh blds` f¥, d`kœ`h gksxh] lkƒ gh geÍ ;g Hh ;kn j[uk gksxk fd` Hkjr vejhd`k ugÓ gS vkSj u gh mld`h fonsæ uhfr ‘nknkfxjh’ ls lapkf¥r gksrh gS\ xka|hokn d`k vknæZ lSfud` ugÓ lg;ksx gS\ fœ`j ;g lkspuk fd` Hkjr eÍ vkrad` ds` ihNs v¥d`k;nk gksxk ;k ikfd`Lrku ;k fœ`j ¥'d`js-rS;ck gksxk rks x¥r gS] D;kÍfd` ikfd`Lrku d`ks ftEesnkj Bgjkuk vklku gS] ¥sfd`u [qn ikfd`Lrku eÍ næd`kÍ ls bl rjg ds` |ekds` gks jgs gß] rks D;k ogk∑ ;g d`ke Hkjr d`jkrk gS\ ,sls vkjksikÍ-^R;kjksikÍ ls d`Hh fd`lh leL;k d`k lek|ku ugÓ gksrk gS fœ`j orZeku d`k vkrad` rks |eZ ds` |U|kd`j. ls ^tfur gqvk gS] ftlds` f¥, u rks nsæ foæs" nks"h gS vkSj u lSU; tSlk H;kRed` ncko bld`k lek|ku gS] D;kÍfd` blh |eZ vkSj lekt ds` insZ d`k lgkjk ¥sd`j vkt nsæ eÍ 175 ls vf|d` vkrad`h lewg lf∂`; gß ,oa fiN¥s 41 o"ksÛ ls nsæ eÍ lf∂`; uDl¥okn ij vusd` lSU; d`k;Zokfg;kÍ ds` ckotwn bls lew¥ uÆV ugÓ fd`;k tk ld`rk gS] vkt bld`k usVodZ` nsæ ds` 13 jkT;kÍ ds` 170 ft¥kÍ eÍ œS`¥k gS\ lS f ud` d`k;Z o kgh vkra d `okn d`k lek|ku gksrk rks vkt ge bl æCn ls ifjfpr u gksrs vkSj u ;g fo'oO;kih ,oa orZeku d`h tfV¥ leL;kvkÍ ds` Ôi eÍ [ÈMk gksrk] exj vkrad`okn vkt [qn ,d` |eZ cu x;k gS vkSj bl mxz |eZ d`ks ÷oLr d`jus d`k er¥c gS O;kid` ekuork vkSj lEif® d`k foukæ] D;kÍfd` tc rd` vO;oLƒk vkSj vlUrks" ekStwn gß lSfud`

d`k;Zokgh rks D;k] rksikÍ vkSj felkb¥kÍ ds` ,d` ckjxh ge¥s Hh vkrad`okn d`k [kRek ugÓ d`j ld`rs gS vkSj ,slh feæk¥Í fiN¥s d`bZ næd`kÍ ls ns[rs vk jgs gß\ fiN¥s 28 o"ksÛ ls ¥scuku ds` vkrad`h laxBu fgtcqY¥k ,oa xr 21 o"ksÛ ls fœ`f¥Lrhu ds` gekl ij btjkb¥ us vusd` ckj lSfud` d`k;Zokgh d`h] ¥sfd`u mUgÍ lew¥ uÆV d`jus eÍ ukd`ke jgk gS] Jh¥d`k eÍ 36 o"ksÛ ls f¥VΩVs lf∂`; gß vkSj iPphl lk¥ ls Jh¥ad`k lSU; d`k;Zokgh d`j jgk gS ,oa vc rd` rhu ckj ^R;” ;q* Hh gq, fœ`j Hh visf”r lœ`¥rk ugÓ fe¥h] usik¥ d`h lsuk ekvksokn ds` fo:* ,d` næd` rd` ¥ÈMrh jgh vkSj vUrr# ekvksoknh vkrafd`;kÍ d`ks gh lœ`¥rk fe¥h\ vkrad` ds` fo:* vejhd`k d`k bjkd` ;q* vlœ`¥ gh jgk gS vkSj tc vœ`xku-ikfd`Lrku lhek ij nqfu;k ds` lcls læDr lSfud` laxBu ukVks ds` 82 gtkj la?"ZjrΩ lSfud` vkrad` ds` fo:* visf”r lœ`¥rk gkfl¥ ugÓ d`j ik jgs gß] rc rks Hkjr d`h lSU; d`k;Zokgh d`k d`ksbZ vkSfpR; gh ugÓ curk gS\ ekukfd` vkrad`okn ds` vf|d`kaæ lzksr ikfd`Lrku eÍ gß] ¥sfd`u mu ij Hkjr d`h lSU; d`k;Zokgh d`k vejhd`k o ;wjksi lfgr vusd` nsæ leƒZu ugÓ d`jÍxs vkSj bl d`k;Zokgh ls u flœZ` vkrad` ds` fo:* Hkjr d`ks fe¥ jgk fo'oO;kih dw`Vuhfrd` leƒZu [Re gksxk] ojuΩ vusd` jktuhfrd` o ^frj”k lEcU|h ikcfUn;kÍ d`k lkeuk Hh d`juk iÈMsxk] tks nsæ ds` fud`V HfoÆ; ds` f¥, csgrj ugÓ gS\ nwljh rjœ` vejhd`k Hkjr ls T;knk ikfd`Lrku d`k d`jhch gS ,oa phu d`h ikfd`Lrku ls ?fuÆBrk fd`lh ls fNih ugÓ gS vkSj bl d`k;Zokgh eÍ H¥s gh phu ikd` d`k ^R;” leƒZu u d`js] ¥sfd`u ijks” Ôi ls og gj lEHo enn d`jsxk] ftlls visf”r ifj.ke ugÓ fe¥Íxs] lkƒ gh iÈMkslh nsækÍ ds` lkƒ Hkjr ds` lq|jrs lEcU| Hh rY[ gks ld`rs gß] tks gekjs f¥, vkSj ?krd` fl* gksxk] D;kÍfd` iÈMkslh nsækÍ ds` lEcU|kÍ d`h d`ÈMokgV us gh nf”. ,fæ;k eÍ vkrad`okn d`ks cÈMs iSekus ij iksf"r fd`;k gS vkSj ;fn Hkjr d`h lSU; d`k;Zokgh ls ikd` d`h lE^Hqrk ij vk∑p vk,xh] rks fuf'pr gS fd` og vfUre fod`Yi ds` Ôi eÍ ijek.q cekÍ d`k ^;ksx d`jsxk] ftlds` p¥rs vkrad` ds` fo:* ;q* nks nsækÍ ds` lSfud` ;q* eÍ rCnh¥ gks tk,xk vkSj ;fn lSU; ;q* nksukÍ nsækÍ ds` ijek.q ^;ksx rd` igq∑prk gS] rks flœZ` ekuork d`k foukæ gksxk vkrad` d`k [kRek rks nwj ækfUr vkSj le~f* nf”. ,fæ;k ds` f¥, vfHæki cu tk,axs\ Hkjr ds` f¥, tks O;fDr lekt fojks|h o vkrad`oknh gS] og cgqrkÍ d`k ^fr;ksfxrk niZ./v^S¥/ 2009/1691

uk;d` Hh gks ld`rk gS] tSlkfd` 17oÓ lnh eÍ eqx¥kÍ d`h fuxkgkÍ eÍ fæokth d`h gSfl;r flœZ` Nkikekj vkrad`oknh d`h ƒh] ¥sfd`u og ejkBkÍ o cgqla“;d` fgUnqvkÍ ds` ghjks ƒs] blh ^d`kj ∂`kfUr;kÍ d`h lœ`¥rk ls iwoZ Ôl ds` ¥sfuu] LVkf¥u] phu ds` ekvksRlsrqax] D;wck ds` d`kL(ks] fo;ruke ds` gks-ph-feUg vkSj usik¥ ds` ^p≥M viuh ljd`kjkÍ ds` fo:* flœZ` vkrad`oknh ƒs] ¥sfd`u mUgÍ Lonsæ ds` v¥kok fonsækÍ d`k Hh tuer ^kIr ƒk\ oSls gh vkt tks Hkjr vkSj vejhd`k ds` f¥, vkrad`oknh gß ckaX¥knsæ] ikd`] vœ`xku] bjkd`] bZjku] fœ`f¥Lrhu ¥scuku o l˜nh vjc d`h d`jksÈMkÍ vkcknh vkt mud`h leƒZd` Hh gS] ,sls eÍ Hkjr d`h lSU; d`k;Zokgh d`ks u flœZ` eqBΩBhHj ¥ksxkÍ d`k fojks| >s¥uk iÈMsxk] ojuΩ O;kid` ”s(h; vækfUr Hh iSnk gks ld`rh gS] ftld`k nsæ ds` O;kikfjd`] lkaLÎ`frd` vkSj jktuhfrd` lEcU|kÍ eÍ foijhr vlj iÈMsxk\ blf¥, vkrad`h laxBu vkt H¥s gh ækfUr vkSj lkSgknzZ ds` dS`Ulj gkÍ] ¥sfd`u mu ij d`ÈMh lSU; d`k;Zokgh ds` ctk, mUgÍ O;kid` ifj^s{; eÍ ns[k tkuk pkfg, vkSj fo'oO;kih xq.kRed` dw`Vuhfr d`k ncko cukuk pkfg,] u fd` ek(kRed`] lkƒ gh ;g Hh lkspuk pkfg, fd` D;kÍ ¥ksx cUnwd` ¥sd`j chgÈMkÍ eÍ mrjrs gß vkSj ,d` foæk¥ tu-leqnk; D;kÍ muds` leƒZu eÍ [ÈMk gksrk gS] D;kÍfd` tks Hh vkrad`h [wu-[jkcs d`k d`ke d`jrk gS] og vds`¥k ugÓ jg ld`rk gS] mls fNius ds` f¥, txg o jkstejkZ ds` f¥, [kuk pkfg,] mls ,slk inkZ pkfg,] ftlds` ihNs jgd`j d`ke d`j lds`] ce vkSj cUnwd` [jhnus o p¥kus ds` f¥, Hjiwj iSlk ,oa ^fæ”. Hh pkfg, vkSj ;g lc mUgÍ lekt o leƒZ ¥ksxkÍ ls gh ^kIr gksrk gS ,oa ;g ^kfIr vkrafd`;kÍ ds` f¥, tc rd` lEHo gS] vkrad`okn d`k [kRek vlEHo gS\ lSfud` d`k;Zokgh flœZ` jkT; ^k;ksftr vkrad`okn d`k gh [kRek d`j ld`rh gS] ¥sfd`u vkt jkT; ^k;ksftr vkrad` d`h leL;k ugÓ gS] D;kÍfd` ikfd`Lrku Lo;a vkrad` ds` fo:* la?"ZjrΩ gS vkSj [qfœ`;k ,tÍlh ISI ij ¥xke d`l jgk gS] ukVks ds` lkƒ vœ`xkuh lSfud` fiN¥s d`bZ o"ksÛ ls vkrad` ds` f[¥kœ` ;q* NsÈMs gq, gß] ckaX¥knsæ eÍ lalnh; ljd`kj ds` vkxeu ls ogk∑ d`h [qfœ`;k ,tsUlh DGFI }kjk iksf"r ,oa lSU; lajf”r laxBukÍ ij d`ÈMh d`k;Zokgh ds` ^;kl fd`, tk jgs gß] usik¥ d`k ekvksokn ¥ksd`rU( d`k lapk¥d` cu x;k gS vkSj Jh¥ad`k d`h lsuk f¥VΩVs ds` fo:* vius mˆs'; d`h vksj cÈ< jgh gS] ,sls eÍ ;fn Hkjr vkrad` ds` fo:* fd`lh

iÈMkslh nsæ eÍ lSU; d`k;Zokgh d`jrk gS] rks bld`k ml ij x¥r lUnsæ tk,xk vkSj gks ld`rk gS fd` og fœ`j vkrad`okn d`ks æj. nsus ¥xÍ] D;kÍfd` Hkjr-ikd` ;q*kÍ eÍ ikd` d`h vlœ`¥rk us gh ikfd`Lrku eÍ vkrad`okn d`ks cÈMs iSekus ij ^tfur vkSj iksf"r fd`;k ƒk\ blf¥, lSU; d`k;Zokgh d`h ctk; Hkjr mu nsækÍ d`ks gjlEHo lg;ksx ns] tks vkrad` ds` f[¥kœ` ¥ÈM jgs gß] rkfd` og vkSj mEnk rjhds` ls blds` fo:* ;q* d`ks tkjh j[ ldÍ`\ vkt ¥knsu lajf”r laxBu ‘v¥d`k;nk’ ds` 65 nsækÍ eÍ lf∂`; ¥xHx 240 vkrad`h xqV gß ,oa fo'oHj eÍ 6 0 nsækÍ d`h ljd`kjÍ vkslkek-fcu-¥knsu d`h leƒZd` gß* vkSj ge vPNh rjg tkurs gß fd` Hkjr ds` iÈMkslh nsækÍ eÍ ftrus Hh vkrad`oknh laxBu lf∂`; gß] lc fd`lhu-fd`lh Ôi eÍ v¥d`k;nk ls tqÈMs gß] ftuds` d`jksÈMkÍ d`k;Zd`®kZ Hkjr ds` lHh iÈMkslh nsækÍ eÍ lf∂`; gß vkSj Lonsæ d`h rhukÍ lsuk,a rks ¥k[kÍ eÍ gh lhfer gß] ,sls eÍ Hkjr d`h lSU; d`k;Zokgh i;kZIr ugÓ gS] D;kÍfd` vkt vusd` vkrad`h laxBu d`bZ v¥x-v¥x ukekÍ o LoÔikÍ eÍ fo»eku gß ,oa ¥'d`js rS;ck] tSæ-,-eksgEen rƒk iwoksZ®j Hkjr eÍ ISI lajf”r ‘vYœ`kl’ o ckaX¥knsæ ds` ‘gwth’ ds` lSd`ÈMkÍ vKkr fæfojkÍ d`h tkud`kjh Hkjrh; [qfœ`;k ,tsfUl;k∑ vkt rd` ugÓ tqVk ld`h gß vkSj fcuk O;kid` tkud`kjh ds` lSU; d`k;Zokgh fujƒZd` ,oa vkSfpR;ghu gS] fœ`j lSU; d`k;Zokgh rks laxfBr vkrafd`;kÍ ij gh lEHo gS] tcfd` vkrad` vkRe?krh ge¥kÍ] cekÍ vkSj cUnwd`kÍ rd` gh lhfer ugÓ gS] tSfod` gfƒ;kjkÍ d`k ^;ksx ,oa ^æklfud` osclkbVkÍ ij vkrafd`;kÍ ds` lbcj ge¥s cÈ
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N.D.A. Exam., 17-08-2008 Solved Paper

English SYNONYMS Directions—(Q. 1–9) In this section, each of the following nine items consists of a word in CAPITAL LETTERS, followed by four words. Select the word that is most similar in MEANING to the bold word in CAPITAL LETTERS. 01. PERPLEX (A) Distract (B) Intrigue (C) Perspective (D) Baffle 02. HOSPITABLE (A) Convivial (B) Liberal (C) Congential (D) Welcoming 03. GAIETY (A) Dexterity (B) Wonder (C) Colourfulness (D) Jollity 04. SCARCELY (A) Hardly (B) Always (C) Sometimes (D) Frequently 05. COUNTERFEIT (A) Imitated (B) Duplicate (C) Fake (D) Foreign 06. DAZED (A) Shocked (B) Dreamy (C) Happy (D) Tired 07. DISDAIN (A) Disown (C) Hate

(B) Condemn (D) Criticise

08. BEWITCHING (A) Enchanting (B) Magical (C) Affected (D) Ensnaring 09. RAPACITY (A) Anger (B) Cruelty (C) Pride (D) Greed

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ORDERING OF WORDS IN A SENTENCE Directions—(Q. 10–17) In the following items, some parts of the sentence have been jumbled up. You are required to re-arrange these parts which are labelled (P), (Q), (R) and (S) to produce the correct sentence. Choose the proper sequence and indicate your correct response accordingly. Example ‘Z’ has been solved for you. Z. It is well-known that / the effect/ P is very bad / on children / of Q R cinema S Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) P S R Q (B) S P Q R (C) S R P Q (D) Q S R P Explanation : The proper way of writing the sentence is “It is well-known that the effect of cinema on children is very bad”. This is indicated by the sequence P S R Q and so (A) is the correct answer. 10. It is a privilege / to pay tax / of P every citizen / as well as the duty / Q R who is well-placed S Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) R P S Q (B) S P R Q (C) R Q S P (D) S Q R P 11. It is not good / of the wicked P persons / to overthrow / to accept Q R the help / the righteous persons. S Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) R S Q P (B) Q S R P (C) R P Q S (D) Q P R S

12. Life is judged / and not by / of P work done / the longevity of Q R years / by the quality. S Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) Q S P R (B) S Q R P (C) Q S R P (D) S Q P R 13. When he learns that / you have P passed the examination / in the Q first division / your father will be R S delighted Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) Q P S R (B) S P Q R (C) Q R S P (D) S R Q P 14. The journalist / saw / countless P Q number of the dead / driving R across the field of battle S Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) P Q S R (B) P Q R S (C) P S Q R (D) S R Q P 15. Jane planned / some stamps / to P Q buy / this afternoon R S Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) P R Q S (B) P S Q R (C) Q R P S (D) Q S P R 16. Her mother / when she was / P hardly four years old / began to Q teach to Neha / English R S Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) R S Q P (B) S R P Q (C) R S P Q (D) S R Q P 17. Bill had / a friend / an appointP Q R ment / to meet S Which one of the following is the correct sequence ?

(A) P S R Q (C) Q S R P

(B) P R S Q (D) Q R S P

ANTONYMS Directions—(Q. 18–26) In this section, each of the following nine items consists of a word in CAPITAL LETTERS, followed by four words. Select the word that is FARTHEST in MEANING to the bold word in CAPITAL LETTERS. 18. EPHEMERAL (A) Temporal (B) Stable (C) Permanent (D) Earthly 19. OBLIGATORY (A) Doubtful (B) Voluntary (C) Sincerely (D) Faithfully 20. CIRCUMSPECT (A) Careless (B) Pusillanimous (C) Reticent (D) Hostile 21. OBSCURE (A) Suitable (B) Apt (C) Thalamus (D) Clear 22. REPULSIVE (A) Attractive (B) Colourful (C) Unattractive (D) Striking 23. KINDLED (A) Extinguished (B) Reduced (C) Weakened (D) Ignited

several questions based on the passage. First, read a passage, and then answer the questions based on it. You are required to select your answers based on the contents of the passage and opinion of the author only. Examples ‘I’ and ‘J’ are solved for you. PASSAGE (Example) In our approach to life, be it pragmatic or otherwise, a basic fact that confronts us squarely and unmistakably is the desire for peace, security and happiness. Different forms of life at different levels of existence make up the teeming denizens of this earth of ours. And, no matter whether they belong to the higher groups such as human beings or to the lower groups such as animals, all beings primarily seek peace, comfort and security. Life is as dear to a mute creature as it is to a man. Even the lowliest insect strives for protection against dangers that threaten its life. Just as each one of us wants to live and not to die, so do all other creatures. I. The author’s main point is that (A) different forms of life are found on earth (B) different levels of existence are possible in nature (C) peace and security are the chief goals of all living beings (D) even the weakest creature struggles to preserve its life J.

24. VITAL (A) Trivial (B) Peripheral (C) Optional (D) Superficial 25. PENURY (A) Education (B) Laziness (C) Wealth (D) Ignorance 26. INHIBIT (A) Pamper (C) Accept

(B) Breed (D) Promote

COMPREHENSION Directions—(Q. 27–37) In this section, you have four short passages. After each passage, you will find

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Which one of the following assumptions or steps is essential in developing the author’s position ? (A) All forms of life have a single overriding goal (B) The will to survive of a creature is identified with a desire for peace (C) All beings are divided into higher and lower groups (D) A parallel is drawn between happiness and life, and pain and death

Explanation : I.

The idea which represents the author’s main point is “peace and security are the chief goals of all living beings”, which is response (C). So (C) is the correct answer.

J.

The best assumption underlying the passage is “The will to survive of a creature is identified with a desire for peace”, which is response (B). So (B) is the correct answer. PASSAGE I

We have built up an energy intensive society such that hundreds of daily acts are dependent on having energy at our ready command. Most of that energy comes from fossil fules. Yet, within two centuries we will have used up nearly all of the fossil fuel that has been built up over millions of years of earth time. Furthermore, the extraction and consumption of fossil fuels is a major polluter of our environment. Our appetite for energy is seemingly insatiable. We are now searching for it in different places and using methods that inevitably upset and pollute the environment. Since fossil energy will soon be gone we are searching for alternative sources. 27. Today we are dependent on energy for everything. What is the most likely factor that contributes to this situation ? (A) Sufficient quantity of energy is available at present (B) We have developed a society which makes intensive use of energy (C) Energy is most convenient and easy to use (D) We have no alternatives 28. The author seems to disapprove further extraction and consumption of fossil fuels. Which of the following is the most likely reason for that ? (A) Further extraction of fossil fuel is a costly affair (B) Further extraction and consumption of fossil fuel may lead to conflict between countries (C) We do not have the technical know-how for further extraction of fossil fuels (D) Further extraction and consumption of fossil fuels will lead to worldwide environmental pollution. 29. According to the author, we are searching for alternative sources

of energy. What is the most likely reason for this ? (A) Alternative sources of energy are cheaper (B) It is feared that fossil energy will soon be exhausted (C) A number of alternative energy sources are easily available (D) Alternative sources of energy will not cause any environmental problems PASSAGE II Books are by far, the most lasting product of human effort. Temples crumble into ruins, pictures and statues decay, but books survive. Time does not destroy the great thoughts which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author’s minds ages ago. The only effect of time has been to throw out of currency the bad products, for nothing in literature can long survive but what is really good and of lasting value. Books introduce us into the best society; they bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have ever lived, we hear what they said and did; we see them as if they were really alive, we sympathise with them, enjoy with them and grieve with them. 30. According to the passage, books live for ever because— (A) they have productive value (B) time does not destroy great thoughts (C) they are in printed form (D) they have the power to influence people 31. According to the passage, temples, pictures and statues belong to the same category because— (A) all of them are beautiful (B) all of them are substantial (C) all of them are likely to decay (D) all of them are fashioned by men 32. “Lasting value” in the passage means— (A) something which has survived the passage of time (B) something which has been lost with the passage of time

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(C) something which has relevance for the present (D) something which had relevance for the past PASSAGE III The pre-historic man preferred this area as three of his primary needs—water, raw material for tool making and game in the thick jungles, were available here in plenty. Mr. Sharma found sites on top of hills where huge boulders have been cut flat. These flat rocks were found in the round formation. Probably they sat on these and there was a fire in the middle. It was also a site where the tools were made. It was like a national pastime. They made tools to throw at animals. There was little chance of killing them with one tool. Mr. Sharma says there are strong chances of finding fossils in the area. 33. Mr. Sharma is most probably working as— (A) a Civil Engineer (B) a Geographer (C) an Archaeologist (D) a Tourist officer 34. “There was little chance of killing them with one tool” implies that— (A) the animals were too clever (B) the men did not know how to hunt (C) the tools were not sophisticated enough (D) the hunters wanted to use more than one tool 35. Which of the following does not describe the activities of the man as mentioned in the passage ? (A) Hunting animals (B) Lighting fires (C) Cutting stones (D) Cultivating land PASSAGE IV A whole generation of Indians gave up everything and spent their lives in fighting in British in Gandhi’s way without hurting, without violence, without hatred. The hope that India would one day be free kept them going through very difficult times and gave them courage. When millions of people want the same thing very much, it is a great force

which even the most powerful army cannot oppose. 36. The demand for freedom became a ‘great force’. What is the most likely reason for it ? (A) Great leaders gave the call for freedom (B) Millions of people wanted to get freedom (C) The British rule did not permit any freedom (D) Freedom is a noble ideal 37. Which is the ‘most powerful army’ referred to in the passage ? (A) The powerful army of the Government of India (B) The powerful army of the British (C) Any powerful army fighting against the wishes of millions of people (D) The army formed by the freedom fighters

SPOTTING ERRORS Directions—(Q. 38–42) (i) In this Section a number of sentences are given. The sentences are in three separate parts and each one is labelled (A), (B) and (C). Read each sentence to find out whether there is an error in any part. No sentence has more than one error. When you find an error in any one of the parts (A), (B) or (C), indicate your response on the separate Answer Sheet at the appropriate space. You may feel that there is no error in a sentence. In that case letter (D) will signify a ‘No error’ response. (ii) You are to indicate only one response for each item in your Answer Sheet. (If you indicate more than one response, your answer will be considered wrong.) Errors may be in grammar, word usage or idioms. There may be a word missing or there may be a word which should be removed. (iii) You are not required to correct the error. You are required only to indicate your response on the Answer Sheet. Examples ‘P’ and ‘Q’ have been solved for you. P. The young child / singed / a very (A) (B) sweet song. No error (C) (D)

Q. We

worked / very hard / (A) (B) throughout the season. No error (C) (D) Explanation : In item P, the word ‘singed’ is wrong. The letter under this part is (B); so (B) is the correct answer. Similarly, for item Q, (D) is the correct answer, as the sentence does not contain any error. 38. I informed the principal / that I (A) was running temperature / and (B) therefore could not attend the (C) meeting. No error (D) 39. The lady was broken with grief / (A) when she heard the sad news of (B) the train disaster / in which her (C) brother was killed. No error (D) 40. The farmer is irrigating / his (A) fields / since morning. No error (B) (C) (D) 41. I could not / answer to / the (A) (B) question. No error (C) (D) 42. Two years passed / since / my (A) (B) cousin died. No error (C) (D)

ORDERING OF SENTENCES Directions—(Q. 43–50) In the following items, each passage consists of six sentences. The first sentence (S 1 ) and the final sentence (S6 ) are given in the beginning. The middle four sentences in each have been removed and jumbled up. These are labelled P, Q, R and S. You are required to find out the proper sequence of the four sentences and indicate your correct answer accordingly. Example ‘X’ has been solved for you. X. S 1 : There was a boy named Jack. S 6 : At last she turned him out of the house.

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P : So the mother asked him to find work. Q : They were very poor. R : He lived with his mother. S : But Jack refused to work. Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) R Q P S (B) P Q R S (C) Q P R S (D) R P S Q Explanation : The correct sequence in this example is R Q P S which is marked by (A). Therefore, (A) is the correct answer. 43. S 1 : When you have to study for examination, you have many things to do. S 6 : The final aim, of course, is to pass the examination that is two months away. P : Suppose you have only two months to do it. Q : The time-table tells you what you have to do everyday and for how many hours. R : You have to read a number of books, learn tables and formulas. S : Then the best way is to make a time-table for yourself. Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) R P S Q (B) S R Q P (C) Q R S P (D) P S Q R 44. S 1 : The umpire has to do a lot of hard work before qualifying to surpervise a match. S 6 : So an umpire must keep abreast of time and apply the rules as occasion demands. P : However, umpires are human and are sometimes prone to make mistakes. Q : The rules of the game are being constantly changed. R : The players should gracefully and sportingly accept these mistakes. S : He is aware of the responsibilities that go with the job. Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) Q R R S (B) S P R Q (C) S R P Q (D) Q R P S

45. S 1 : Mohan came to the city to meet a friend. S 6 : He should not have behaved so rudely P : Mohan asked her to join them for tea. Q : Mohan’s friend who had some grudge against Shiela quickly got up and left the restaurant without saying a word. R : While they were having tea at a restaurant Sheila, a former fellow student of theirs, came in. S : Though Sheila knew Mohan’s friend was a bad fellow, she accepted the invitation. Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) P R S Q (B) R P S Q (C) P R Q S (D) R P Q S 46. S 1 : When the Romans invaded Britain about 2,000 years ago, their calendar was calculated on the phases of the moon. S 6 : The astronomer’s name was Sosigenes and his calender had a year of 365 days. P : This calender had gradually become so out of line with the seasons that it was two or three months behind. Q : The Emperor Julius Caesar was determined to correct it. R : Caesar had been to Egypt and seen the advantages of a calender which used only the sun. S : So he sought help from a Greek astronomer who lived in the Egyptian city of Alexandria. Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) R Q P S (B) P Q R S (C) P S R Q (D) R S P Q 47. S 1 : Education is in great demand today in India. S 6 : Things have changed considerably now. P : These people were accustomed to applying their intelligence to the profession of their fathers. Q : Since independence it has spread to backward classes. R : They had no idea that they could train themselves to do something else.

S : Besides this training they had little book learning. Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) P Q R S (B) Q P R S (C) P Q S R (D) Q P S R 48. S 1 : There was once a king in India S 6 : The three sons did not know what to do and where to go. P : The captain of the king’s army wanted the kingdom for himself. Q : He died leaving three sons. R : The eldest of the three sons would have become the king. S : So he drove the three sons away and took everything in the kingdom in his possession. Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) P R Q S (B) P S Q R (C) Q S P R (D) Q R P S 49. S 1 : An old man died and left his son a lot of money.

S 6 : He became sad and lonely. P : Soon he had nothing left. Q : The son was a foolish young man. R : All his friends left him. S : He quickly spent all his money. Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) S Q R P (B) Q S P R (C) S Q P R (D) Q S R P 50. S 1 : Siberian crane is a migratory bird S 6 : They return to Siberia at the onset of summer in India. P : They remain here for fourfive months. Q : Migrating birds are those which travel to other places for a period of time and then return. R : They can’t sustain in the severe winter of Siberia. S : So during winters they travel thousands of miles to reach the bird sanctuary in Rajasthan in India.

Which one of the following is the correct sequence ? (A) Q R S P (B) Q P S R (C) S R Q P (D) S P Q R

Answers with Explanation 01. 06. 11. 16.

(D) 2. (D) 3. (D) 4. (A) 5. (C) (A) 7. (C) 8. (A) 9. (D) 10. (C) (C) 12. (D) 13. (C) 14. (A) 15. (A) (C) 17. (B)

18. (C) ‘Ephemeral’ means ‘short lived’. 19. (B) ‘Obligatory’ means ‘required to be done’. 20. (A) ‘Circumspect’ means ‘cautious’. 21. (D) ‘Obscure’ means ‘hidden’. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 32. 37. 42. 47.

(A) ‘Repulsive’ means ‘unattractive’. (A) ‘Kindled’ means ‘to set alight’. (A) ‘Vital’ means ‘important’. (C) ‘Penury’ means ‘poverty’. (D) ‘Inhibit’ means ‘restrain’. (B) 28. (D) 29. (B) 30. (B) 31. (C) (A) 33. (B) 34. (C) 35. (D) 36. (D) (C) 38. (C) 39. (D) 40. (A) 41. (B) (A) 43. (A) 44. (A) 45. (B) 46. (B) (B) 48. (D) 49. (B) 50. (C) ●●●

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