Pratibha484-494

-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 3 -Çí∫Ææ’d 2008-

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ Seeout =

2

äéπ-JE ûª©’°æ¤ ´®Ωèπ◊ ≤ƒí∫-†ç-°æúøç

a) Please wait. I'll see you out =

Çí∫çúÕ. ûª©’°æ¤ ´®Ωèπ◊ ´≤ƒh-ØËo†’. b) Don't worry. I'll see myself out= J. Appalaswamy Naidu, Seripeta Q.

éÀçC phrasal N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.

verbs

Å®√n©’, Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ù-©ûÓ

look through, brought round, breakout, hang on, see out, see through, see of, see off, pass out, pass off, pass over. A. Look through= Carefully examine=

ñ«ví∫-ûªhí¬

°æJ-Q-Lç-îªúøç. Look through the files and see if you can find the certificate =

Ç files †’ ñ«ví∫-ûªhí¬ °æJ-Q-Lç* Ç ¢√öÀ™ áéπ\-úÁjØ√ ÖçüË¢Á÷ îª÷úø’.

O’®√-í∫çúÕ. ØËEéπ ¢Á∞¡û√.( Ñ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç áèπ◊\´) Éûª-®Ω’© ¢Á÷Ææ°æ¤ Ç™-îª-†-©†’ ví∫£œ«ç-îªúøç.

See through =

Krishna saw through the idea of Duryodhana to have him hound. 3) I should read the newspaper every day.

-ûª-†-†’ -•ç-Cµç-î√-©-ØË -Ç-™-îª-† -ü¿’®Óu-üµ¿-†’-úÕéÀ ®√-´-úøç éπ%-≠æflg-úø’ ví∫£œ«ç--î√--úø’. See of = É™«çöÀ expression ™‰ü¿’.

He tried to pass off as a rich man but others could see through his attempt =

certificate

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù

Bring round (P.T. Brought round) Bring someone round/ around =

¢Áj°æ¤ A°æ¤p-éÓ-´úøç/ ´’† ´÷ô NØËô’x îËߪ’úøç/ ä°œpç-îªúøç. In the beginning she was against joining the company, but somehow I brought her round to accepting the job =

Péπ~ù ´·Tç--èπ◊†o ¢ÁçôØË ÅûªúÕéÀ ÖüÓuí∫ç ´*açC. Pass off = Pass off as ™ ¶µ«í∫ç – äéπ®Ω’ äçéÌéπ-J™« «´’ùÀ 鬴úøç.

484

äéπ-JE ´’†

A. I too correct, so am I/ so do I/ so did I/ so would I, etc..., better.

é¬F ü∆E éπçõ‰

1) So would I -

™ îËÍ®ç-ü¿’èπ◊ Ç¢Á’-éπ-Ææ©’ É≠ædç ™‰ü¿’, é¬F ØËØ√-¢Á’†’ ᙫíÓ ä°œpç-î√†’. Break out= (¢√uüµ¿’©’/ ߪ·ü∆l¥-™«xç-öÀN) v°æ¶©úøç. Cholera broke out in the area last month and claimed a number of lives =

Ç v°æüË-¨¡ç™ éπ©®√ v°æ¶L î√™«-´’ç-CE •L-íÌçC. Hang on = Wait (past & past participle- hung on) I told him to go but he hung on, I don't know why =

Åûª-úÕE ¢ÁRx-§Ò-´’t-Ø√o†’, é¬F Ééπ\úË ÖØ√oúø’/ ûªî√a-úø’-ûª’-Ø√oúø’. áçü¿’éÓ Ø√èπ◊ ûÁL-ߪ’úøç ™‰ü¿’. R.M.V.N.Ramakantha Rao, Visakhapatnam Q. Will

ûÓ ÆæJ-§Ú-ßË’-ü∆-EéÀ (Íé´©ç -¶µºN-≠æu-ûª’h†’ Ææ÷*çîË Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x) would ¢√úøôç v°æë«uûª Ççí∫x ¢√®√h-°æ-vA-éπ™x èπÿú≈ éπE-°œ-≤ÚhçC. É™« ¢√úøôç Ççí∫x ¶µ«≠æ Ææyîªa¥-ûª†’ éπMh-îË-ߪ’úøç é¬ü∆? A. Independent í¬ (Main clause ™) would †’ future Ææ÷*ç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ¢√úøôç ÆæJ-é¬ü¿’ ÅØË N≠æߪ’ç îÁ°æp-éπ\-®Ω-™‰ü¿’. It is certainly incorrect. (The Hindu ™«çöÀ v°æë«uûª °ævA-éπ™  èπÿú≈ ûª°æ¤p©’ é¬Ææh ûª®Ωîª÷ éπE°œ-Ææ÷hØË ÖØ√o®·. U. Ajay Kumar, Adilabad Q. Aliment, Grab, Repast, Comestible, Pabulum, Nosh, Victuals, Substenance Food

É´Fo èπ◊ °æ®√u-ߪ’-°æ-ü∆™«? A. O’®Ω’ î√™« Sets of Synonyms ®√¨»®Ω’. Å´Fo O’®Ω’ àüÓ book of synonyms ™ †’ç* BÆœ ®√Æœ†N éπü∆? ÅN synonyms 鬕õ‰d Ç book ™ synonyms í¬ ®√¨»®Ω’. Éçéπ ÅN synonyms Å´¤û√ߪ÷, 鬢√ ÅØË ÆæçüË£æ«ç áçü¿’èπ◊ O’èπ◊? Å®·ûË äéπ N≠æߪ’ç Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’éÓ¢√-L-éπ\úø. Synonyms í¬ Ö†o ´÷ô©’ ü∆ü∆°æ¤ äÍé Å®Ωnç ÖçúË-Ní¬ Öçö«®·. ÅçûË-í¬E ÅEoç-öÀéà éπ*aûªçí¬ äÍé Å®Ωnç Öçúø´¤. éÌEo ´÷ô©’ synonyms Å®·†çûª ´÷vû√†, ¢√öÀ-†-Eoç-öÀF äÍé Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™ ¢√úËç-ü¿’èπ◊ O©’-°æ-úøü¿’. O’J-*a† ¢Á·ü¿öÀ set of synonyms ™ aliment É°æ¤púø’ ¢√úø’-éπ™  ™‰ü¿’. grab Åçõ‰ ¶«í¬ ¶«í¬ busy í¬ ÖçúÕ (BJé𠙉éπ) àüÓ Ø√©’í∫’ ¢Á’ûª’èπ◊©’ A†-úøç, È®çúø’ í∫’éπ\©’ û√í∫-úøç ÅØË Å®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçC. Repast, comestible, victuals- É´Fo ví¬çC∑éπç, ǣ慮Ωç ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓØË. Pabulum ¢√úø’-

See off-

Åûª-úËüÓ üµ¿E-èπ◊-úÕí¬ îª™«´’ùÀ Å´¤-ü∆-´’E îª÷¨»úø’, é¬F Éûª®Ω’©’ ÅûªúÕ v°æߪ’-û√oEo ví∫£œ«ç-î√®Ω’. Pass over = ´C-™‰-ߪ’úøç

The minister passed over the important details of the subject =

≤ƒí∫-†ç-°æúøç/ Oúø’-éÓ-L-´yúøç.

I am going to the station to see off my friend = station

Ø√ ÊÆo£œ«-ûª’-úÕE ≤ƒí∫-†ç-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ ؈’ ¢Á∞¡Ÿ-ûª’-Ø√o†’. Pass out = Ææp %£æ« ûª°æpúøç

èπ◊

Severely injured he passed out on his way to hospital=

M.SURESAN

´’çvA ´·êu-¢Á’i† N´-®√©†’ ´C-™‰-¨»®Ω’. Q. áü¿’-öÀ-¢√®Ω’ ´’†ûÓ îÁ°œp† N≠æ-ߪ÷-EéÀ ´’†ç

He passed out and was appointed immediately =

27.07.08 Hindu Page 4 headline Nuclear deal vital than winning polls more vital

™

™

ÅE

ÖçC îª÷úøçúÕ,

ÅE Öçú≈-LqçC) ÅØË phrases èπ◊, ÅØË °æü∆-Eéà ŮΩn-¢Ë’-N’öÀ? Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ù-©ûÓ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.

Q. Take a call, Factored into Redux

A. Take a call: to receive a phone call (usually in offices/ institutions etc). The person who takes (receives) the call need not be the

éπ™ ™‰ü¿’. Nosh = ´’†ç 'èπÿúø’— ÅØË ´÷ôèπ◊ ÆæJ§Ú-ûª’çC. food/ something to eat/ eatablesÉ™«çöÀ ´÷´‚©’ ´÷ô-©’ -¢√-úÌ-a ´’†ç. éÌEo ´÷ô©’ àü¿-®·Ø√ ´’ç* °æ¤Ææhéπç (standard book) ™ synonyms ÅE ®√Ææ’-†o-°æ¤púø’ synonyms í¬éπ ´’Í®-´’-´¤-û√®·? ¢√öÀ-éπ®Ωnç ü∆ü∆°æ¤ äéπ-öÀ-í¬ØË Öçö«®· éπü∆? áöÔ
äéπ-õ‰Ø√? A. Cant ûª°æp N’í∫û√´Fo group ™ ®√ü¿’.

synonyms. Cant

Oô-Eoç-öÀéÀ Å®Ωnç äéπ-õ‰Ø√? ûª°æp N’í∫-û√-´Fo synonyms ¢Ëúø’éπ, party ï®Ω’-°æ¤-éÓ-´-úøç ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ. Q. Inferno = hell, Heaven = paradise éπÈ®ÍédØ√? A. Å´¤†’. †®Ωéπç, Ææy®Ω_ç.

better.

2) A asked B, "Does your school have a big library?" A. 1) A asked B when the wedding was going to take place.

2) A asked B if their school had a big library. Q.

éÀçC °æü∆-©èπ◊ plural forms ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’. echo, deer, history

A. echoes, deer, histories Q.

éÀçC-ë«-S™ àç ´Ææ’hçüÓ ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ. a. Ramesh has always got his ------ in his book. No wonder he has no time for game (mouth, nose) b. We have to ------ permission from the minister to start a school in our village (get/ obtain)

A. 1) Nose 2) get, obtain obtain

È®çúø÷ éπÈ®Íéd, Å®·ûË

ví¬çC∑éπç.

2) I've never been to Hyderabad. person who is called. "You had a call when you were away. Your secretary took the call". Factor into: To include some thing when you are planning something don't forget to factor in/ into the increase in the costs of cement and steel when you calculate the cost of constructions.

We want Ramarajya redux =

®√´’-®√ïuç

AJT ®√¢√-©E éÓ®Ω’-èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√oç. No one wants the autrocious practices of the middle ages redux =

´’üµ¿u-ߪ·-í¬© Åéπ%û√u©’ ´’Sx ï®Ω-í¬-©E á´®Ω÷ éÓ®Ω’-éÓ®Ω’. Q. A. Millington-Ward ®√Æœ† 'Use of Tense in English' °æ¤Ææhéπç áéπ\úø ©¶µºu-´’-´¤-ûª’çüÓ ûÁL-ߪ’ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’. Redux= bring back/ revive = AJT ûË´-úøç/ A. Ñ very useful book É°æ¤púø’ üÌ®Ω-éπ-úøç ™‰ü¿’. Ææç°∂æ’-ô† °æ¤†-®√-´%ûª-´’´úøç. Q. Ruffian, rowdy, rogue, varlet, rapscallion, bully, villain, swindler, rascal, scamp, trickster, scoundrel, miscreant, carrikin, hooligan, wrongdoer, bun

èπ◊ Å®Ωnç äéπ-õ‰Ø√? A. ÅFo èπÿú≈ synonyms = ü¿’®√t-®Ω’_úø’. Q. Animadversion = criticism äéπ-õ‰Ø√?

Q. Circumjacents, surroundings

¢√úø’-éπ™ ™‰ü¿’. Q. Adjacent = near éπÈ®-ÍédØ√? A. Adjacent Åçõ‰ dž’-éÌE Ö†o–

Our home is adjacent to the department storeNear = Adjacent, near - synonyms-

ü∆Eo dž’ü¿í∫_®Ω. îª÷¨»®√? Å®·ûË Å®Ωnç™ é¬Ææh ûËú≈ ™‰ü¿÷. dž’-èπ◊E Ö†oC, ü¿í∫_Í® Å´¤-ûª’çC. °æéπ\ØË ÖçC éπ†’éπ. È®çúø’ ´÷ôMo äÍé Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™ ¢√úø™‰ç éπü∆?

A. animadversion = criticism Q. Songful, Dulcet, Enphonious, canorous, luscious, mellifluous

äéπ-õ‰Ø√? A. äéπõ‰ – í¬† ´÷üµ¿’-®√u-EéÀ Ææç•ç-Cµç*.

Q. Exultation, exhilaration, ecstasy, felicity, delectation Q. Far-out, topnotch, superfine, alphaplus

Q. Filthylucre, money, doubloon, dibs, pelf, spondulix A.

tophole,

äéπ-õ‰Ø√?

A. Circumjacents

éÌE Ö†oüË ´÷ É©’x.

äéπ-õ‰Ø√? Ñ A. äéπõ‰– ÅN’-û√-†çü¿ç.

Q. Soiree, bevy, beano, gala, fete, carnival, revelry A. Bevy

1) I'd like an ice cream.

éπçõ‰

1) A said to B, "When is the wedding to take place?"

agreement, disagree-

Bv´-í¬-ߪ÷-©ûÓ Åûªúø’ -ÇÆæ’°æ-vAéÀ -¢Á-∞Ï} -ü∆-J-™ Ææp %£æ« ment ´uéπh-°æ-®Ω’≤ƒhç. Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ùèπ◊ á´-È®jØ√ I like sweets Åçõ‰, ´’†èπ◊ èπÿú≈ ÅN É≠ædç Å®·ûË I too éÓ™p-ߪ÷úø’. ÅE îÁ•’û√ç. Å™«Íí éÀçC ¢√é¬u©èπ◊ agreement, ÉçéÓ Å®Ωnç– Péπ~ù °æ‹Jh-îË-Ææ’-éÓ-´úøç disagreement ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’.

I'd like too

3) So should I, I should too éπçõ‰ better. éÀçC Direct Speech ™E ¢√é¬u-©†’ Indirect Speech ™ ᙫ ®√ߪ÷™ N´-Jç-îª-í∫©®Ω’.

Q.

Bring someone r ound

Company

ÉC

2) Nor have I/ Neither have I/ I haven't either.

smashing,

©èπ◊ Å®Ωnç äéπ-õ‰Ø√? A. äéπõ‰ – farout ´÷vûªç é¬ü¿’– D†®Ωnç Åçü¿-J-éπç-õ‰ Gµ†oçí¬ Öçúøôç. Q. Drunkard, souse, sot, alky °æ®√u-ߪ’-°æ-ü∆-™‰Ø√? A. Å´¤†’.

Åçõ‰ úø•’s ÅØË Å®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçü∆? úø•’s ÅØË Å®Ωnç Dibs èπ◊ ûª°æp ÅEo-öÀéà ´Ææ’hçC. Å®·ûË lucre- Åçõ‰ØË úø•’s ÅE Å®Ωnç. Filthy lucre= °çô/ ¢Áüµ¿´/ §ƒ°œ≠œe úø•’s= pelf. N’í∫û√ ¢√öÀ™x, money ûª°æp N’í∫û√ ´÷ô©’, úø•’s ÅE Å®Ωnç ´îËa¢Ë é¬F, Åçûª íı®Ω´v°æü¿-¢Á’i† ´÷ô©’ 鬴¤. ûÁ©’-í∫’™, °œéπ\©’, é¬Ææ’©’, ûÁj©ç É™«çöÀ ´÷ô™«x.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

-´’çí∫-∞¡¢√®Ωç 5 -Çí∫Ææ’d 2008

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛

Nisanth: I didn't quite catch what you said. Could you repeat it?

(O’®Ω’ îÁ°œpçC Ø√èπ◊ ÆæJí¬ N†-°æ-úø-™‰ü¿’. ´’®Ó-≤ƒJ îÁ°æp®√?) Visisht: I was saying that but for your help I couldn't have completed the job.

(O’ Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç ™‰éπ-§Ú-ߪ·çõ‰ ØËØ√°æE °æ‹Jh-îËߪ’-™‰éπ §ÚßË’¢√úÕE Åçô’Ø√o.) Nisanth: That's nothing. You would do as much for me if I needed your help.

(Ø√ painter Ø√èπ◊ î√™« E®√¨¡ éπL-Tç-î√úø’. Åçû√ éπçí¬S îËÊÆ-¨»úø’.) Visisht: Next time when you do up your place, let me know. I will send my painter over.

(O’®Ω’ ´’Sx O’ ÉçöÀéÀ ®Ωçí∫’©’ ¢Ëü∆l-´’-†’-èπ◊-†o°æ¤púø’ îÁ°æpçúÕ. ´÷ painter†’ °æç°æ¤-û√†’.) Nisanth: That's not going to be in the near future. Already I've burnt my fingers enough. It really cost me a fortune to have the whole place painted.

(ÅçûËç ™‰ü¿’ ™‰çúÕ. Ø√èπ◊ O’ ≤ƒßª’ç 鬴LÊÆh O’®Ω÷ îË≤ƒh®Ω’ éπü∆?) Visisht: Yea. I am anxious to get my turn to help you.

(O’èπ◊ ≤ƒßª’ç îËÊÆ Å´-鬨¡ç éÓÆæç ØËØÁ-ü¿’®Ω’ îª÷Ææ’hØ√o.) Nisanth: When you help me the same holds good for you; I mean what you've said to me.

(O’®Ω’ Ø√èπ◊ ≤ƒßª’ç îËÆœ-†-°æ¤púø’ O’èπÿ ÅüË ´Jh-Ææ’hçC; Åçõ‰ O’®Ω’ Ø√ûÓ Å†o ´÷ô©’.) Visisht: Ok, Ok from now on, I will have to see you off and on. Hope you don't mind that.

(ÆæÍ®xçúÕ. É°æpöÀ †’ç* N’´’tLo ؈’ Å°æ¤p-úø°æ¤púø’ éπ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-¢√Lq ´Ææ’hçC. O’Íéç Ŷµºuçûª®Ωç ™‰ü¿’ éπü∆?) Nisanth: You are most welcome. But make sure I am in town when you want to see me. Just give a call before you wish to me. I see that your home has had a new coat of paint. It's all the better for it.

2

(ÅC É°æ¤p-úø-°æ¤púË é¬ü¿’™‰. É°æp-öÀÍé îËûª’©’ 鬩’a-èπ◊Ø√o. ¢Á·ûªhç ÉçöÀéÀ ®Ωçí∫’-™‰-®·ç-îËçü¿’èπ◊ î√™«ØË ê®Ωa-®·çC.) Visisht: True. Things have become so expensive now a days. I've learnt my lesson too. I'll just as soon leave the, home unpainted than have it painted at such an expense. It has landed me in debt as well.

8) ... and he was as good as his word. 9) He made a mess of everything. 1) But for = Without =

ÅC ™‰ π◊çõ‰/ ÅüË ™‰ π◊çõ‰

Åûªúø’, Å®·ûË Å°æ¤p-úø-°æ¤púø’ E®√-¨¡-°æ-®Ω’-Ææ’hç-ö«úø’. b) He usually keeps good health but is ill off and on/ on and off because of his old age =

´÷´·©’í¬ ÅûªúÕ Ç®Óí∫uç ¶«í¬ØË Öçô’çC. Å®·ûË Â°ü¿l ´ßª’Ææ’ ´©x Å°æ¤p-úø’-°æ¤púø’ ï•’s°æúø-û√úø’. í¬çDµßË’ ™‰èπ◊çõ‰ Å£œ«ç≤ƒ ´÷®Ω_ç™ ≤ƒyûªç-vû√uEo c) He attends classes off and on = Åûªúø’ classèπ◊ ¶µ«®Ωû˝ §Òçü¿-í∫-LÍí-üË é¬ü¿’. Å°æ¤p-úø-°æ¤p-úÌ-Ææ’hç-ö«úø’. b) But for my teacher's help I wouldn't have 5) Burn one's fingers = îËûª’©’ 鬩’a-éÓ-´úøç– (Eï¢Ë’. Ñ ®ÓV™x ÅFo ¶«í¬ êK-ü¿-®·- passed the exam = ´÷ teacher ≤ƒßª’¢Ë’ ÅN-¢Ë-éπ-¢Á’i† √u °æJ-ù«-´÷Lo ¶µºJç-îªúøç. §Ú-ߪ÷®·. Åçûª ê®Ω’a °öÀd ®Ωçí∫’ ™‰èπ◊çõ‰ ؈’ Pass ÅßË’u-¢√-úÕE é¬ü¿’. a) I burnt my fingers by investing in film produc¢Ë®·çîªúøç éπçõ‰, ÅÆæ©’ ®Ωçí∫’ ¢Ë®·çîª-èπ◊çú≈ c) But for his drunken behaviour the party went tion I'll never do it again = ÆœE´÷ Bߪ÷-©E off well = ÅûªúÕ û√í∫’-¶ûª’ v°æ´-®Ωh† ûª°æp party Öçúøô¢Ë’ °ô’d-•-úÕ-°öÀd îË®· 鬩’a-èπ◊-Ø√o†’. ´’Sx Ç °æE Åçû√ ¶«í¬ØË ÖçC. ´’ç*C. ü∆E-´©x îËߪ’†’. 2) Turn = á π◊\-´í¬ N†- b) He doesn't want a political career. He is afraid éÌçûª Å°æ¤p™x °æúË Å®Ωnç A°æpúøç. he may burn his fingers = Åûªúø’ ®√ï-éÃ-ߪ÷-©†’ èπÿú≈ °æú≈f.) Ééπ\úÕ Å®Ωnç ¢√u°æ-éπçí¬ Â°ô’d-éÓ-¢√-©-†’-éÓ-´úøç ™‰ü¿’. îËûª’©’ 鬩’aNisanth: That's being -Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 485 é¬F ´çûª’/ Å´-鬨¡ç. sensible. OK. èπ◊ç-ö«-ØË¢Á÷ ÅE ¶µºßª’-°æ-úø’-ûª’-Ø√oúø’. (Åü¿çûª ûÁL-¢Áj† °æE-é¬-ü¿F, ü∆E °æJ-ù«-´÷©’ ûª†-éπ-†’-èπÿ-©çí¬ Öçúø-éπ-§Ú-´îªaE/ û√†’ †≠æd-§Ú-¢√Lq´Ææ’hçü¿E ÅûªúÕ ¶µºßª’ç.) 6) Make sure = E®√l¥-Jç--éÓ´úøç/ ®Ω÷úµŒ îËÆæ’éÓ-´úøç a) But for Gandhi India could not have got Independence in the nonviolent manner =

I will have to see you of f and on I must be off. See you soon. Feel free to call me

. (Å™« îËߪ’úøç – Å°æ¤p-îË-ߪ’èπ◊çú≈ Öçúøôç ûÁL-¢Áj-†-°æE. ÆæÍ® Éçéπ ؈’ ¢Á∞«xL. ´’Sx éπ©’-≤ƒh†’. -§∂Ú-Ø˛ îËߪ’-ú≈-EéÀ ÆæçüË-£œ«ç-îª-éπçúÕ.) sensible = ûÁL-¢Áj†

(O’èπ◊ ≤ƒyí∫ûªç. Å®·ûË O’®Ω’ ††’o éπ©-¢√©-†’-èπ◊ØË ´·çü¿’, ؈’†oD, ™‰ED ë«ßª’ç îËÆæ’-éÓçúÕ. O’®ÌîËa ´·çü¿’ Ø√éÓ-≤ƒJ phone îËߪ’çúÕ. O’ ÉçöÀéÀ Ñ´’üµ¿uØË ®Ωçí∫’ ¢Ë®·ç*-†-ô’d-Ø√o®Ω’. Åçü¿’-´©x É©’x ¢Á’®Ω’í¬_ éπE-°œ≤ÚhçC.)

a) Whose turn is it drive now? = Car

É°æ¤púø’

†úø-°æúøç á´J ´çûª’?

b) When his turn to cook came he pretended illness but had a full meal first the same =

´çô îËÊÆçü¿’èπ◊ ÅûªúÕ ´çûª’ ®√í¬ØË ï•’s †öÀç-î√úø’ é¬F ¶µï†ç ´÷vûªç ´ü¿M.SURESAN ™‰xü¿’. Visisht: The painter has done a good job of it. Visisht: Bye then. He has given it very good finish. Ææ綵«-≠æ-ù™ continuity ÖçúËç-ü¿’èπ◊ î√™« ≤ƒüµ∆-®Ω- c) Please wait your turn in the queue = O’ ´çûª’ ´îËa-´-®Ωèπ◊ èπÿu™ Çí∫çúÕ. (°®·ç-ô®˝- ûª† °æE î√™« ¶«í¬ î˨»úø’. ùçí¬ ¢√úË éÌEo expressions Ñ lesson™ ûÁ©’-Ææ’´’ç*í¬ éπE-°œ-≤Úhç-C-°æ¤púø’.) èπ◊çü∆ç. ÉN O©-®·-†Eo ≤ƒ®Ω’x O’ conversation™ 3. Hold good = Eï-´’-´úøç/ ´Jhç-îªúøç Nisanth: How long did he take to finish the practiceîËÆ œ O’ ¶µ«≠æ™  ¶µ«í∫çí¬ îËÆæ’-éÓçúÕ. a) Gandhi's teachings hold good even 60 years painting? Look at the following expressions from the after his death = í¬çDµ îªE-§Ú-®·† Å®Ω¢Áj à∞¡xèπ◊ (®Ωçí∫’©’ ¢ËÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊ Åûª-úÕéÀ áçûª-鬩ç dialogue above. èπÿú≈ Çߪ’† ¶üµ¿-†©’ ´Jh-Ææ÷hØË ÖØ√o®·/ Eï-´’-´¤°æöÀdçC?) 1. But for your help I couldn't have completed ûª÷ØË ÖØ√o®·. Visisht: He said he'd finish it in a week, and he was as good as his word.

(¢√®√Eéπ™«x ´·T-≤ƒh-†-Ø√oúø’, Å™«Íí ´÷ô E©-¶„-ô’d-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’.) Nisanth: The painter I had, was a big disappointment. He made a mess of everything.

the job. 2. I am anxious to get my turn to help you. 3. ... the same holds good for you. 4. I will have to see you off and on. 5. Already I have burnt my fingers. 6. Make sure I am in town. 7. The painter has done a good job of it.

case has been posted to next Monday Client case Client: Yes, I know that. What will happen that day?

-ØË-† ’

-îËÆæ’h-Ø√o-†’.

™

í∫’-Jç-* -ûÁ-©°æç-úÕ. ´’üµ¿u

N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. §ƒvûª †ô†, Åçõ‰ á´®Ó äéπ®Ω’ í¬ Ü£œ«ç-èπ◊E ¢√∞¡Ÿx ´÷ö«xúË îË®·ç-îËçü¿’èπ◊ ÉüÌéπ ´÷®Ω_ç. ´’üµ¿u ïJÍí Ææ綵«-≠æ-ù†’ Éü¿l®Ω’ ûÓ ´÷ö«x-úÕç-îªúøç. É™« èπÿú≈ -ØË®Ω’aéÓ-´-a.

1) Lawyer - Client Lawyer: Come on in, Mr. Client. You know our

@ûªç N≠æߪ’ç™ °æ¤®Ω’-≠æfl-©èπ◊ ´JhçîËC Æ‘Y©-èπÿ\ú≈ ´Jh-Ææ’hçC. 4)Off and on/ on and off = Å°æ¤p-úø-°æ¤púø’ = Occasionally/ Now and again

a) He plays well usually but disappoints on and off/ off and on =

´÷´‚-©’í¬ ¶«í¬ØË Çúø-û√úø’

(®ΩçúÕ ´îËa ≤Ú´’-¢√-®√-EéÀ ¢√®·ü∆ ¢Ë¨»®Ω’.

case. Nothing has happened. (´’†ç case °öÀd ü¿í∫_®Ω ü¿í∫_®Ω È®çúË-∞¡x-´¤-ûÓçC. Éçûª-´®Ωèπ◊ àO’ ï®Ωí∫™‰ü¿’.)

(Å´¤†’. Ø√éπC ûÁ©’Ææ’. Ç ®ÓV à´’´¤-ûª’çü¿çúÕ?)

Lawyer: That's nothing unusual. When you go to court you must be prepared for it. Court

O’

M. Pratap, Warangal Q. B.Ed. Communicative English Role Play Lawyer-Client, Teacher-Student roleplay A. Role Play = (doctor/ lawyer/ teacher/ student) English practice Lawyer - client, teacherstustudent dents Spoken English

b) What holds good for men in matters of salary holds good for women as well =

(ÅüËç ÈéRxûË Å™«çöÀ

Lawyer: We are ready for arguments. But the Opposite lawyer may ask for an adjournment.

Å≤ƒ-üµ∆-®Ωù N≠æߪ’ç é¬ü¿’. ¢√öÀéÀ Æœü¿l¥°æúÕ Öçú≈L.)

(´’†ç ¢√ü∆-EéÀ Æœü¿l¥çí¬ØË ÖØ√oç. é¬F Å´-ûªL Lawyer ¢√®·ü∆ Åúø-íÌa.)

Client: But you said in the beginning that it would be disposed of in a year and a half.

Client: What are our chances of winning?

(´’†ç ÈíLîË Å´-é¬-¨»©’ ᙫ ÖØ√o®·?) Lawyer: Just don't worry. We have good chances of winning. The opposition case is weak. That's why their lawyer is asking for adjournments. case

(àç ÇçüÓ-∞¡† °æúø-éπçúÕ. Å´-ûªL ¢√∞¡x •©-£‘«-†çí¬ ÖçC. Åçü¿’Íé ¢√∞¡x ™«ßª’®˝ ÅEo ¢√®·ü∆©’ Åúø’í∫’ûª’-Ø√oúø’.) Client: It is nearly two years since we filed our

(Å®·ûË O’®Ω°æpöÀ-†’ç* Ææç´-ûªq-®Ωç™Ê° ûËL-§Ú-ûª’ç-ü¿E ÅØ√o®Ω’ éπü∆?) Lawyer: The situation was then different. However I am going to press for early hearing.

(Å°æpöÀ °æJ-ÆœnA ¢ËÍ®. Å®·ûË Øˆ’ Å®·ûË Øˆ’ ûªy®Ωí¬ hearing èπ◊ ´îËa-ô’xí¬ -äAhúÕ BÆæ’-éÌ-≤ƒh†’.) Client: Thank you. 2) Teacher- Student Student: Good morning Sir.

a) (Do) you want to see the CM? Have you made sure he is in town? = CM

†’ éπ©’Ææ’ éÓ¢√©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o¢√? Çߪ’† Ü∞x ÖØ√oúÓ ™‰üÓ ®Ω÷úµŒ îËÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√o¢√?

b) Before a bank lends money it makes sure that the borrower can repay the amount = Bank

®Ω’ù«-LîËa ´·çü¿’ Ç Å°æ¤p BÆæ’-èπ◊-ØË-¢√∞¡Ÿx AJT îÁLxçîª-í∫-©-®√ -™‰-ü∆ -Å-E E®√l¥-®Ωù/ ®Ω÷úµŒ îËÆæ’-èπ◊ç-ô’çC. c) Before you try to correct others, make sure you are =

Éûª-®Ω’© ûª°æ¤p-©†’ ÆæJ-îËÊÆ ´·çü¿’ †’´¤y ÆæJí¬_ ÖØ√o-´E ®Ω÷úµŒ °æ®Ω’éÓ. 8) As good as one's word = îÁ°œp† ´÷ô†’ E©-¶„-ô’d-éÓ-´úøç. a) He said he would help him and he was as good as his word =

Ø√èπ◊ ≤ƒßª’ç îË≤ƒh-†-Ø√oúø’. Ç ´÷ô E©-¶„-ô’d-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’.

b) Harischandra/ word =

Karna was as good as his

£æ«J-¨¡aç-vü¿’úø’/ éπ®Ω’gúø’ ´÷ô ÇúÕ ûª°æp-™‰ü¿’. 9) Make a mess of something = Åçû√ §ƒúø’ îËߪ’úøç. a) He never does anything well. He makes a mess of everything =

Åûªúø’ à °æF ÆæJí¬ îËߪ’úø’. v°æAD §ƒúø’îË≤ƒhúø’.

Teacher: Good morning. Have you done the homework? (Homework Student: Here it is sir. You've given us four sums. I have been able to do two. The other two are too different for me. Could you help me with them Sir?

î˨»¢√?)

(O’®Ω’ 4 ™„éπ\©’ Éî√a®Ω’, È®çúø’-îË-ߪ’í∫-Lí¬-†’. N’í∫û√ È®çúø÷ Ø√èπ◊ ¶«í¬ éπ≠dçæ í¬ ÖØ√o®·. ¢√öÀ N≠æߪ’ç™ O’ ≤ƒßª’ç -é¬-¢√L) Teacher: That's what most of the students have said. They have had problems with the same sums.

(î√™«´’çC Nü∆u-®Ω’n-©üË ÅØ√o®Ω’. áèπ◊\´ ´’çCéÀ Ç ™„éπ\©’ Å®Ωnç 鬙‰ü¿’). Student: Are you explaining them, Sir? (O’®Ω’ ü∆Eo îÁ•’-û√®√?) Teacher: Yes, go back to your seat. I'll work them out for you .

(Å´¤†’. F îÓöxéÀ AJ-T-¢Á∞¡Ÿx. ¢√öÀE ؈’ îËÆœ îª÷°œ≤ƒh)

Student: Thank you Sir.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

í∫’®Ω’-¢√®Ωç 7 -Çí∫Ææ’d 2008-

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛

D. Ganesh, Perumali Q. Cell, Jail, Prison, Trial -

OöÀ Å®√n-©Fo äéπõ‰Ø√? N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. A. Jail = Prison = 鬮√-í¬®Ωç. Jail, Prison È®çúø÷ äéπõ‰. Cell Åçõ‰ 鬮√-í¬-®Ωç™ ë„jD©†’ ÖçîË äéπ í∫C. v°æA Jail/ Prison ™ cells áØÁj oØ√ ÖçúÌa. Police Station ™E lockup í∫C èπÿú≈ cell. Trial èπÿ °j ¢√öÀéà àç Ææç•ç-üµ¿ç-™‰ü¿’ Trial Åçõ‰, äéπ ´uéÀh ØË®Ω-Ææ’nú≈, é¬ü∆ ÅE ûË™‰aç-ü¿’èπ◊ court ™ ïJÍí Nî√-®Ωù. Q. é¬èπ◊© í∫’ç°æ¤-†’ Murder ÅF, éπ°æp-© -í∫’ç-°æ¤†’ Army ÅE ņoõ‰x– Éçé¬ É™«çöÀ ´’çü¿© í∫’Jç* îÁ°æpçúÕ. A. íÌvÈ®© ´’çü¿– A flock of sheep. ´©™ ´’†ç °æô’d-éÓ-í∫-L-T† îË°æ©’– a catch/ a

èπ◊éπ\©’/ °æçü¿’©’/ °œ©’x©’ ™«çöÀ ïçûª’-´¤©’ äéπ\≤ƒJí¬ ÑØË °œ©x-©-í∫’ç°æ¤- litter, etc Q. Exams ®√ÊÆ-ô-°æ¤púø’– American English †’ ¢√úÌî√a? A. India ™ ÅC Ç¢Á÷ü¿ç é¬ü¿’. Q. Tall ÅØË adjective E Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç* Noun, Adv, verb í¬ ´÷Í®a éÌEo ¢√é¬u©’ ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. A. Tallness- noun= §Òúø’í∫’. Å®·ûË DE Ö°æßÁ÷í∫ç î√™« Å®Ω’ü¿’. Ñ ´÷ô Ö†o-°æp-öÀéÃ, áèπ◊\´í¬ §Òúø’í∫’/ áûª’h ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ tallness •ü¿’©’ height ¢√úø-û√®Ω’. Tall- adv- Stand tall ÅØË idiom ™ ´÷vûª¢Ë’, tall, adverb í¬ ¢√úøû√ç. DE Å®Ωnç, à °æJ-Æ œn-AØÁjØ√ áü¿’-®Ó\-ØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ Æœü¿l¥çí¬ N¨»y-ÆæçûÓ Öçúø-í∫©.

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù

2

eg: Some animals can hear much better than humans. Singular A human being

A. Being =

Öçúø-ôç-´©x. Being a human = ´÷†-´¤-úÕí¬ Öçúøôç ´©x. Ñ Å®ΩnçûÓ, O’ sentence, Being a human, he behaved like a ghost èπ◊– ´÷†-´¤úÁj Öçúø-ôç-´©x vÊ°ûªçí¬ v°æ´-Jhç-î√-úøØË N°æ-K-û√®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçC.Though a human (´÷†-´¤úÁj ÖçúÕ èπÿú≈/ ´÷†´¤-úÁj-†-°æp-öÀéÃ) he behaved like a ghost= vÊ°ûªçí¬ v°æ´-Jhç-î√úø’ ÅØË ÆæÈ®j† Å®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçC. È®çúÓC– ´÷´‚-©’í¬ ´’E≠œ/ ´÷†-´¤úø’ ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ 'a human being' Åçö«ç. Human Åçõ‰ ´÷†´ (= ´’E-≠œéÀ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*† -Å-ØË -Å®Ωnç-ûÓ-ØË -¢√-úø-û√ç, é¬-F

486

í¬ Å®·ûË,

ÅØË Åçö«ç.

Q. It being a hot day, it is better to take an umbrella. It

¢Á·ü¿ö

É™«çöÀ ™ v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ¢√úøû√ç. (¢√† ´≤ÚhçC) É™«. Ééπ\úø èπ◊, Å™«Íí v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µºç™ ÖçúË èπ◊ éÌEo v°æûËu-éπ-¢Á’i† Å®√n©’ ™‰´¤.

haul of fish;

îË°æ© Ææ´‚£æ«ç (†C/ Ææ´·vü¿ç™)- A shoal/ school of fish ØÁ´’-∞¡x-í∫’ç°æ¤/ Æœç£æ…-©-í∫’ç°æ¤– A pride of peacocks/ lions

It being a hot day.. Virendra Sehwag stood tall among the Indian players=

•∞¡xèπ◊, ®Ωü∑∆-©èπÿ °æ‹ØËa áü¿’l©’/ í∫’-v®√-©’ – A team of oxen/ horses. ûÓúË∞¡x/ ¢Ëô-èπ◊-éπ\© í∫’ç°æ¤- A pack of wolves/

¶µ«®Ωû˝ Çôí¬∞¡x™ OÍ®ç-vü¿-ÂÆ£æ…yí˚ (äéπ\úË) à °æJ-Æœn-A-ØÁjØ√ áü¿’-®Ó\-í∫-L-í¬úø’, N¨»y-ÆæçûÓ, í∫®Ωyçí¬. Tall- Verb í¬ ¢√úøç.

hounds;

Ñí∫©/ üÓ´’©/ ûËØÁ-öÃ-í∫©/ à éÃô-é¬-©-üÁjØ√/ <´’© í∫’ç°æ¤/ ü¿çúø’- A swarm; éÓúÕ/ ¶«ûª’ °œ©x© Ææ´‚£æ«ç- A brood;

Q. Being a human- He behaved like a ghost. M.SURESAN

Åçõ‰ ÆæJ-§Ú-ûª’çü∆? G. Ravi Babu, Nirmal Q. Journalist, Reporter, News Contributor, Stringer, Columnist

Reporter- ¢√®√h-°æ-vAéπ Æœ•sç-C™ äéπ®Ω’. O∞¡x†’ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ N™‰-êJ

°æü∆-©èπ◊ Å®Ωnç ûÁ©’-°æ¤ûª÷ OöÀE àßË’ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x ¢√úø-û√®Ó N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.

Columnist - Contributor

A. Reporter, Stringer, ColumnistJournalists =

O∞¡xç-ü¿®Ω÷ §ƒvAÍéߪ·©’. ¢√®√h-°æ-vA-éπ™x Éûª®Ω °ævAéπ™x (magazines ™«çöÀ) ®√ÊÆ-¢√®Ω’.

Stringer- O∞¡Ÿx ¢√®√h-°æ-vAéπ Æœ•sçC é¬ü¿’ (Åçõ‰ ØÁ©-ÆæJ @ûªç-O’ü¿ °æE-îË-ÊÆ-

Åçö«ç– ïJÍí Ææç°∂æ’-ô-†-©†’ ¢√®√h °ævA-éπèπ◊ ®√≤ƒh®Ω’.

¢√-∞¡Ÿx-鬮Ω’) é¬F ã ¢√®√h-°æ-vA-éπèπ◊ N™‰-ê®Ω’x (reporters) ™‰E-îÓô ïJÍí

B. Premlal, Gandhari Q.

A.

Q. A.

Q.

éÀç-C-¢√-öÀ-E -Éç-Tx-≠ˇ-™ -à-´’ç-ö«®Ω’? °∂æ©ç, ÅCµéπ °∂æ©ç, Åûªu-Cµéπ °∂æ©ç. ÉC Economics èπ◊ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*† N≠æߪ’ç. °∂æ©ç= returns, ÅCµ-éπ-°∂æ©ç= very good returns, Åûªu-Cµ-éπ-°∂æ©ç= optimum returns. Nü¿u (education) ûª°æpE ؈’ îÁ°æpúøç ™‰ü¿’. ü∆çûÓ-§ƒô’ ´’ç* @Nûªç Öçú≈L.

A. I don't say education is bad, but it should be coupled with good life. Q.

ûª† ´’£œ«-´÷-®Ωn¢Á’i ´’†ç @Nç-î√L.

A. We must live for His grace.

Q. Keep your mouth be shut Mind your tongue Why should I?

DEo ÅE ÅE îÁ°æp-´î√a? °j ¢√é¬u-EéÀ Ææ´÷-üµ∆-†çí¬ îÁ°æp´î√a?

A. Keep your mouth shut (Keep your mouth be shut Mind your tongue= Why should I? = reply

é¬ü¿’– ÉC ûª°æ¤p)= ØÓ®Ω÷t≤Ú\. ØÓ®Ω’ Åü¿’-°æ¤™ °ô’déÓ/ ´÷ô©’ ñ«ví∫ØËØËç-ü¿’éπ™« ûªhí¬ ®√F. îÁ§Òpa. îËߪ÷L?– ÉD Å®Ωnç– É™«

Ææç°∂æ’-ô-†-©†’, éπü∑¿-Ø√-©†’ °ævA-éπ™èπ◊ ®√ÊÆ-¢√∞¡Ÿx. O∞¡xèπ◊ ®Ωîª-†èπ◊ Éçûª ÅE §ƒJ-ûÓ-≠œéπç Öçô’çC. Columnist- O∞¡Ÿx °ævAé¬ Æœ•sçC 鬢Ìa/ é¬éπ-§Ú-´îª’a. O∞¡Ÿx °ævA-éπ-©™ àüÓ äéπ QJ{éπ (feature) E®Ωy-£œ«-Ææ’hçö«®Ω’. °ævA-éπ-©™ column/ columns (°ævAéπ Ê°@™ ÖçúË E©’´¤ ¶µ«í∫ç/ ¶µ«í¬©’) ®√Ææ’hç-ö«®Ω’ 鬕öÀd, colum-

O∞¡Ÿx èπÿú≈ Journalist ™‰. ÑØ√úø’ °ævA-éπ™ ®√ÊÆ, èπ◊©-D-°ˇ-†-ߪ’u®˝, †÷®√F, ®√´’-îªç-vü¿-í∫’£æ« ™«çöÀ-¢√∞¡Ÿx. Contributor °ævA-éπ-©èπ◊, newspapers èπ◊, magazines èπÿ ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ ¶«í¬ ûÁL-Æœ† N≠æ-ߪ÷© í∫’Jç* ®√ÊÆ-¢√∞¡Ÿx. O∞¡Ÿx journalists 鬆-éπ\-®Ω™‰ü¿’. nists.

Anita, Khammam

îª÷Ææ÷h/ îª÷úøôç. ÆœE-´÷©’ îª÷úøôç ´©x ™«¶µºç àN’öÀ? DEo Seeing that the boy was weak, I helped ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ What is the use of seeing him= Ç èπ◊v®√úø’ ÅE movies? •©-£‘«-†çí¬ Å†úøç éπÈ®-ÍédØ√? ôç îª÷Æœ/ Seeing movies is .. Öçúø É°æ¤púø’ îª÷Ææ’hçîª÷Ææ÷h ؈-ûª-úÕéÀ úøôç ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ ≤ƒßª’ç î˨»†’. am/ is/ are seeing ÅE ņç (see éÀ Seeing movies is a waste of time= îª÷úøôç ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ, am/ is/ are + ing ÆœE-´÷©’ îª÷úøôç Æ洒ߪ’ç ´%ü∑∆. form ™‰ü¿’) Å®·ûË seeing ¢√úÌa. Å®Ωnç,

O. Jeevan Wesley, Guda (Visakhapatnam Dist)

A human = ´’-E-≠œ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ ¢√úøç. Å®·ûË 'ߪ’çvûª¢Á÷/ ïçûª’-¢Ó-é¬ü¿’, ´’EÊ≠— ÅØË ¶µ«´çûÓ, humans ÅE plural ¢√úøû√ç. A human ÅE singular ¢√úøç.

-áç-ü¿’èπ◊ -¢√-úø-û√®Ω’?

A. It being a hot day, it is better to take an umbrellasentences 'it' senIt is raining tence / It is dangerous to walk in the middle of the roadit sentences there

Q.

Q.

A.

Ç N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ Ö†o-ô’-´çöÀ ®Ω£æ«-Ææu-¢Ë’-N’öÀ?

A. What's the secret of the matter? Q.

Å™« Å®·ûË á™«?

A. If so, how? Q.

Q.

Q.

áçTL

A. Spittle

vÊ°¢˛’ äéπ ´’ç* ¶«©’úø’ Å™«ç-ô-°æ¤púø’ ûª† ûª´·túø’ îÁúøf-¢√úø’.

A. Prem is a good boy but/ while/ whereas his brother is bad. Q.

èπ◊-Ø√o†’ (Åçü¿’™ ÆæçüË-£æ«ç-™‰ü¿’) ÅØË ¶µ«´çûÓ. ' †’´¤y Eïçí¬ Åü¿’s¥-ûª-¢Á’i† Ö°æ-Ø√u-≤ƒEo éÓ™p-ߪ÷´¤— ´÷´‚-©’í¬ Å®·ûË, You missed, I met him yesÅØË ¢√é¬u-EéÀ you did miss... ÅE Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-î√®Ω’. terday ÅØË Åçö«ç. Å™«Íí I do know him (I ÉC past tense ™E know him •ü¿’©’), He ¢√éπuç 鬕öÀd Ééπ\úø you does sing (He sings I did meet him .. •ü¿ missed ÅØ√L éπü∆. DE ’©’) ™«çöÀ sení∫’Jç* ûÁ©-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. tences, Ø√éπ-ûªúø’ ûÁLߪ’-éπ-§Ú-´úøç àN’öÀ? Åûªúø’ §ƒúø-éπ-§Ú-´úøç àN’öÀ? You did miss ÅE í∫öÀdí¬ ØÌéÀ\-îÁ-°æp-ú≈-EéÀ Åçö«ç. (§ƒúø-û√úø’) ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ, Åçö«ç. I did meet him yesterday= E†o ؈ûª-úÕE éπ©’-Ææ’-

Q.

(Ö´·t ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ). äéπ®Ω’ éÌçûª AE ´C-L† °æü∆®Ωl¥ç– áçT-LéÀ English ™ ´÷ô-™‰ü¿’. Å™« AE ´C-L† °æü∆-®√nEo left over Åçö«ç. looked ©’é˙dí¬ îªü¿-¢√-©E O’®Ìéπ ™„Ææ-Ø˛™

Åûª-úÕE îª÷ú≈-©-†’-èπ◊†o-°æ¤p-úø™«x Ç N≠æߪ’ç ´’®Ω-*-§Ú-ûª’ç-ö«®Ω’.

A. Whenever I think of seeing him, I just forget it.

A. You can stay with us for today/ How about staying with us for today?/ Why don't you stay with us for today? Q.

You can stay with us .. A.

îÁ§ƒp®Ω’. ÉC ᙫ ≤ƒüµ¿uç? K ûª®√yûª, ed (look + ed) ´ÊÆh ü∆Eo pronounce îË≤ƒhç. ÅC Öî√a-®Ωù.

A.

t

í¬

Ñ®ÓV ´÷ûÓ ÖçúÕ ¢Á-RûË ¶«í∫’ç-ô’çC. (™‰ü∆) Ñ®ÓV ´÷ûÓ ÖçúÌaí¬.

-ØË-†’ M.A. English îËߪ÷-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o-†’. -Åç-ü¿’èπ◊ -á-™« -v°œÊ°®˝ é¬-¢√--L? M.A. English îËߪ÷-©-†’-èπ◊çõ‰, ¢Á·ü¿ô O’®Ω’, History of English Literature, Background to the study of Literature books prescribed text books guides Writing practice

™«çöÀ îªü¿îªü¿´çúÕ. Ç ûª®√yûª ≤ƒßª’çûÓ Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓçúÕ. ´çúÕ– ¶«í¬ Öçú≈L.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 10 -Çí∫Ææ’d 2008-

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛

2

A. For the time being= For the present= temporarily. "I don't know when the power will be back. For the time being let's have a candle." (Current

á°æ¤p-úÌÆæ’hçüÓ ûÁ-L-ߪ’ü¿’. v°æÆæ’h-û√-EéÀ, éÌ¢Ìy-AhûÓ í∫úø’-°æ¤ü∆ç)

A. Premkumar, Rajampet


And so = Therefore = Because of that.

Q. Please explain the following doubts and their meanings with examples.

I don't have enough money and so (therefore) I don't want to buy the car = Because I don't have enough money, I don't want to buy the car.


For the time being.
And so
As long as


As long as= Till something continues.


Please explain whether the following statement is true or false

As long as we are lazy, we can never come up = During the time that we are lazy we can never come up.

1 (A.V.) I shall be eating a mango.

(´’†ç ≤Ú´’-®Ω’xí¬ Ö†oç-ûª-é¬©ç ´’†ç °jéÀ ®√™‰ç.)

(P.V.) A mango will be being eaten by me.


We don't use passive voice forms for future continuous tense (shall be +ing/ will be +ing). It looks very awkward.

2 (A.V.) She will be watching a movie. (P.V.) A movie will be being watched by her (is it correct or not)

Kumar, Bhimadole. Q. Advice

èπ◊

Q.

Suggestion

èπ◊ ûËú≈ ûÁ-©’°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. A. Advice Åçõ‰ Ææ©£æ…; suggestion (Pronunciation Ææï-¨¡aØ˛) Åçõ‰ Ææ÷. †’Ny™« îÁß˝’. ØËîÁ-°æ¤h-Ø√o-†’í¬. Ø√ Ææ©£æ… BÆæ’éÓ. ÉC advice. †’´y-™«-îËÊÆh ᙫ Öçô’çC? é¬Ææh Ç™-*ç– ÉC suggestion. ÉC-èπÿú≈ é¬Ææh Ç™-*ç–

J. Bhaskar, Bangalore

This is the summary of his speech =

Q. The task of recording business transaction is described as the art of book-keeping. Task A.

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù

Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ? Task = äéπ®Ω’ îËߪ÷-Lq† °æE

Q. Depreciation will be charged at 10% on the book value of the asset i.e. on Rs.9000/- (i.e 10,000 - 1,000) and so on. , so, on

487

He acknowledged the books I sent him =

Sundry debtors, sundry creditors.

Please give him a receipt for the money he has given you =

There were a few books and sundry other things in the room =

Sundry =

Åûªúø’ O’éÀ*a† úø•’sèπ◊ ®ΩQü¿’

Prompt

= ÆæÈ®j†

time

èπ◊.

He was there promptly at 10 =

10éÀ ÆæJí¬_ Åéπ\-

úø’-Ø√oúø’ Åûªúø’.

Q. Acknowledgement - Acknowledge - receipt prompt - summary - summarise, correspondent - sundry-debtor, sundry-creditor - in the mean time - I am sure that ..

Sundry creditors = *†o *†o ®Ω’ùü∆-ûª©’. (*†o, *†o ¢Á·û√h©’ Å°œp-*a-†-¢√∞¡Ÿx) The debt to sundry creditors amounted to Rs. 10 lakh =

Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ù-©ûÓ -

*†o, *†o Å°æ¤p-©¢√∞¡xéÀ-¢√y-Lq† ¢Á·ûªh¢Ë’ 10 ©éπ~©’. Summary = ≤ƒ®√稡ç. Summarise = ÆæçéÀ~°æhç îËߪ’úøç/ äéπ Ö°æØ√uÆæç/ ®Ω ≤ƒ®√ç-¨»Eo ®√ߪ’úøç.

N-´-Jç-îªí∫-©®Ω’. A. Acknowledgement =

àüÁjØ√ ´’†ç §ÒçC-†çü¿’èπ◊, ´’†ç ÅC §Òçü∆-´’E îÁ°æpúøç/ ®√Æœ É´yúøç. Q.

O’®Ω’ éπçöÀ Ç°æ-Í®-≠憒 à ú≈éπd-®Ω’ûÓ îË®·ç-èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’?

ÅO ÉO ÅFo éπL°œ.

Ç í∫C™ éÌEo °æ¤Ææh鬩÷, Éûª®Ω éÌEo (Åçûª ´·êuç é¬EN– ÅO, ÉO, -Å-Fo) ´Ææ’h-´¤©÷ ÖØ√o®·. In the mean time = Ñ™-°æ©. I'm sure = ؈’ í∫öÀdí¬ †´·t-ûª’Ø√o. OöÀ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í¬-Lçûªèπ◊´·çü¿’ î√™«-≤ƒ®Ω’x N´Jçî√ç– §ƒûª lessons îª÷úøçúÕ.

É´yçúÕ.

ûª† ü¿í∫_®Ω úø•’s ™‰ü¿F, Éûª-®Ω’-™„-´-JéÓ ≤ƒßª’ç îËÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊ Å°æ¤p-îË-ߪ÷Lq ´*aç-ü¿-F, É™« àüËüÓ ... (so on...) îÁ°æ¤p-éÌ-î √aúø’.

Q.

Q.

؈’ ú≈éπd®˝ îËûª ´÷ Ŷ«s-®·éÀ öÃ鬩’ ¢Ë®·çî√†’.

A. Which doctor did you go to for your eye operation/ who was the surgeon?

A. I got the doctor to/ I had the doctor vaccinate my child.

Q.

Q.

Q.

O’ûÓ ÉçTx≠ˇ îÁ°œpç--éÓ-¢√-©E ÅE-°œ-Ææ’hçC.

Q.

O’ îËûª Éç-Tx≠ˇ ®√®·ç--éÓ-¢√-©-E-°œ-Ææ’hçC Ø√èπ◊.

A. I wish to have English written by you. Q.

O’®Ω’ G.°œ. îÁé˙ îË®·ç--èπ◊-Ø√o®√?

A. (Have you) had your BP checked? Q.

Åûª-úÕéÀ •xú˛ õ„Æˇd îË®·ç-î√®√?

A. Have you got his blood tested?/ blood test done? Q.

Ç¢Á’èπ◊ ≠æflí∫®˝ îÁé˙ îË®·ç-î√¢√? áçûª ÖçC?

A. Did you get her sugar checked? How much is it? Q.

O’®Ω’ éπçöÀ Ç°æ-Í®-≠æØ˛ á°æ¤púø’ îË®·ç--èπ◊ç-ö«®Ω’?

A. When will you have your eye operation ?

ûÓ

O’®Ω’ à ú≈éπd-®Ω’ûÓ éπçöÀ Ç°æ-Í®-≠憒 îË®·ç- -èπ◊ç-ö«®Ω’?

®√ØË-

®√ü¿’.

ûª®√yûª ´Ææ’hçC. Åçõ‰ èπ◊ èπ◊ ´’üµ¿u Ææçü¿-®√s¥-Eo-•öÀd °j ¢√öÀ™x àüÓ äéπöÀ ®√¢√L.

A. Rajesh brings in cash = Rajesh brings cash in =

Ñ È®çúø÷ äéπõ‰ = ®√ñ‰≠ˇ ¢√u§ƒ-®Ωç-™éÀ †í∫ü¿’ ûÁ≤ƒhúø’/ ûÁî√aúø’ °ô’d•úÕ Â°õ‰dç-ü¿’èπ◊.

Q. Cash comes into the business. Therefore cash account is debited. Which account is to be credited? Rajesh is the giver. But one should not debit or credit the proprietor's account. one should A.

Ñ ¢√éπuç™ í∫’Jç* N´Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. †í∫ü¿’ ¢√u§ƒ-®Ωç™éÀ ´Ææ’hçC 鬕öÀd ü∆Eo ê®Ω’a™x (debit) îª÷§ƒL. Å®·ûË á´®Ω÷ èπÿú≈ proprietor ™„éπ\™x ï´’©’ ê®Ω’a©÷ îª÷°æ-èπÿ-úøü¿’. One = á´-È®jØ√ ÆæÍ®. should = ûª°æpéπ îÁߪ÷uL. One should know one's limits = á´-È®jØ√ ÆæÍ® ¢√J £æ«ü¿’l©’ ¢√®Ω’ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-¢√L. One should follow traffic rules = á´-È®jØ√ ÆæÍ® traffic E•ç-üµ¿†©’ §ƒöÀç-î √L.

Q. By communication, we mean the process of passing information as well as understanding from one person to another. 1) It is involved in all human relations. 2) It is the nervous system of any organised group.

¢Á·ü¿öÀ ¢√éπuç™ in áçü¿’èπ◊ ´*açC, È®çúÓ ¢√éπuç™ nervous Å®Ωnç N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. A. Communications ü∆E™ îËJ ÖçC ÅE îÁ§ƒp©çõ‰ in Öçú≈-LqçüË éπü∆. involved in = äéπ-ü∆ØÓx îËJ Öçúøôç Rajesh brings in cash to provide capital for nervous system = ´’† üË£æ«ç™E Ø√úŒ his business. Ñ ¢√é¬u-EéÀ Å®Ωnç -ûÁ-L-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’ ´’çúø©ç. ´’† ®Ωéπh-v°æ-Ææ-®Ωùèπ◊ Ø√úŒ-´’ç-úø©ç áçûªí∫-©®Ω’. Brings èπ◊ cash èπ◊ ´’üµ¿u in ´Ææ’hçü∆? ´·-êu¢Á÷ äéπ ´uèπ◊h© Ææ´‚-£æ…-EéÀ communicaÉéπ\úÕ Å®Ωnç é¬u≠ˇ™ ÅØ√? ü¿ßª’-ñ‰Æœ N´-Jç-îªtions Åçûª ´·êuç ÅE. í∫-©®Ω’.

A. I feel like having a face to face talk with you A. I wish to have English taught by you.

He might have done that.

= ≤ƒ®√稡ç

؈’ °æç°œ† °æ¤Ææh-鬩’ -ûª-†’ BÆæ’-èπ◊-†oô’x Çߪ’† ûÁL-§ƒúø’. Receipt = ®ΩQü¿’.

Let god have his way.

A. III person singular (He/ She/ it) have III person singular + shall/ should/ can/ could/ may/ might/ must/ need etc have He/ She/ it have

Ç E¢Ë-Céπ ûªßª÷-®Ω’-îË-ߪ’çúÕ. Correspondent = äéπ ¢√u§ƒ®Ω/ Nü∆u-ÆæçÆæn ûª®Ω-°æ¤† Öûªh-®Ω-v°æ-ûª’u-ûªh-®√©’ ïJ-Ê°-¢√úø’/ News paper/ magazines ™ ®√ÊÆ-¢√∞¡Ÿx.

M.SURESAN

®√Æœ´yçúÕ

He was saying that he had no money, that he had to borrow to help others, so on and so on.. =

Q.

Please summarise the report = (Please give a summary of the report)

O’®Ω’ °æ¤Ææhéπç BÆæ’-èπ◊-†oô’xí¬ Ø√èπ◊

í∫-©®Ω’. A. ûª®Ω’-í∫’-ü¿©-†’ °æ¤Ææh鬙x †¢Á÷-ü¿’-îË-Æ œ† ÇÆœh N©’´™ 10 ¨»ûªçí¬ ™„éÀ\-≤ƒh®Ω’. Åçõ‰ ®Ω÷. 10000 N©’´ Ö†o ÇÆœh Å®·ûË 10] (1000) ûªT_ç*, 9000 O’ü¿ ™„éπ\-éπ-úø-û√®Ω’. É™«... So on = É™«, Ñ Nüµ¿çí¬, ´Èíj®√, ´Èíj®√

ü¿ßª’-îËÆœ éÀçC ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ûÁ©-°æçúÕ. O’ûÓ Ø√èπ◊ ´·-ë«-´·" ´÷ö«x-ú≈-©E ÅE-°œ-Ææ’hçC.

Çߪ’† Ö°æØ√uÆæç ≤ƒ®√稡ç ÉC.

I want an acknowledgement for the book I've given you = (I want an acknowledgement = I want you to acknowledge)

Ñ ¢√éπuç Å®√nEo °æü∆© Å®√n-©†’ Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ù-©ûÓ N´-Jç-îª-

K. Nagamani, Tadpatri

eg.

suggestion.

He was ther e pr omptly at 10

à Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™ 3rd person singular + have ¢√úø-û√¢Á÷ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.

O’®Ω’ ú≈éπd®˝ îËûª O’ Å´÷t-®·éÀ öÃ鬩’ ¢Ë®·≤ƒh®√?

A. Which doctor are you going to for your eye operation? / who is your surgeon?

A. Will you have your daughter vaccinated (by the doctor)

Q.

Q.

Q.

Åûª-úÕéÀ ÊÆdö¸ ¶«uçé˙™ ™Ø˛ É°œp-≤ƒh-†-Ø√o†’.

A. I told him I would get him/ help him to get a loan in SBI. Q.

£«ú˛-´÷Ææd®˝ äéπ-Ê°ü¿ Nü∆u-JnE úÕvU ´®Ωèπ◊ Ö*-ûªçí¬ îªC-N-≤ƒh-†-Ø√o®Ω’.

A. A Head master offered to educate a poor student freely up to degree. Q.

®ΩN äéπ 鬙‰ñ¸ éπöÀd-≤ƒh-†-Ø√oúø’ Ê°ü¿-N-ü∆u-®Ω’n-©èπ◊.

A. (Have you) Had your urine tested?

A. Raju told me he would get a ration card for me.

A. Ravi said he would start a college for poor students.

Q.

Q.

Q.

O’®Ω’ ߪ‚JØ˛ õ„Æˇd îË®·ç--èπ◊-Ø√o®√? Ç¢Á’èπ◊ ≤ƒ\Eçí˚ B®·ç-îª-´’E ú≈éπd®˝ îÁ§ƒpú≈?

®√V Ø√èπ◊ Í®≠æØ˛ 鬮Ω’f É°œp-≤ƒh-†-Ø√oúø’. O’®Ω’ Çé˙q-°∂æ®Ω’f úÕéπ{-†-K©’ ûÁ°œp-≤ƒh®√?

®√´· Ø√ ¶„jé˙ JÊ°®˝ îË®·-≤ƒh-†-Ø√oúø’.

A. Did the doctor tell her/ to have a scan taken?/ advise a scanning for her?

A. Are you going to get Oxford Dictionaries?

A. Ramu said he would get my bike repaired.

Q.

Q.

Q.

A. Where do you get these medicines from?

؈’ G.°œ. -îÁé˙ îË®·ç--èπ◊-Ø√o†’.

O’®Ω’ Ñ ¢Á’úÕ-Æœ†’x áéπ\úø †’ç* ûÁ°œp-≤ƒh®Ω’?

A. I had/ got my BP checked.

Q.

Q.

A. What shall I/ we get (for) you?

؈’ ™«u¶¸ õ„éÃo-≠œ-ߪ’-Ø˛ûÓ ≠æflí∫®˝ îÁé˙ îË®·ç-èπ◊çõ‰ 100 / 170 Öçü¿-Ø√oúø’.

A. I had my sugar checked and the lab technician said it was 100 / 170.

Q.

O’èπ◊ àN’ ûÁ°œpç-îª-´’ç-ö«®Ω’? áéπ\úø †’ç* É™«çöÀ °æ¤Ææh-鬩’ ûÁ°œpç--éÓ-´îª’a?

A. Where can we get these books from?/ How can we order these books?

®√V ´÷ 鬮Ω’ JÊ°®˝ îË®·-≤ƒh-†E îÁ°œp, îË®·ç-îª-™‰ü¿’.

A. Raju said he would get our car repaired but he hasn't. Q.

-Ç-ߪ’-† É©’x JÊ°®Ω’ îË®·ç--èπ◊E ¶«úø’-í∫™ úø•’s °æô’d-éÓ-´’-Ø√oúø’.

A. He told us to get the repairs done at our cost and deduct it in the rent.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

-´’çí∫-∞¡-¢√®Ωç 12 -Çí∫Ææ’d 2008-

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛

2

Auditorium= 1) Theatre hall

M. Satyanarayana, Hyderabad Q. Manner, honour, respect A.

– -OöÀE ᙫ

Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-î√™ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. Manner= Nüµ¿ç/ KA. He

behaved in a bad manner= î√™«îÁúøf (Nüµ¿ç)í¬ v°æ´-Jhç-î√úø’. Manners = v°æ´-®Ωh†. Bad manners = ÆæJ-é¬E v°æ´-®Ωh†, Good manners = ´’ç* v°æ´-®Ωh† Honour= äéπ®Ω’ §ÒçüË íı®Ω´ç. She had the honour of being the leader of the group =

Q. A.

Ç •%çü∆-EéÀ Ø√ߪ’-èπ◊-®√-Lí¬ ÖçúË íı®Ω´ç Ç¢Á’èπ◊ ü¿éÀ\çC. Respect= ´’†ç ÉçéÌ-éπ-J-°æôx îª÷Ê° íı®Ω´ç -™‰-ü∆ ´’† °æôx Éûª-®Ω’©’ îª÷Ê° íı®Ω´ç. Theatre, Auditorium, Hall OöÀ í∫’Jç* ûÁ©’-°æí∫-©®Ω’. Theatre= Ø√ôéπ/ NØÓü¿ v°æü¿-®Ωz-†-¨»©. American English ™ ÆœE´÷ hall. ÉçéÓ Å®Ωnç – Ø√ôéπ éπ∞¡.

™í¬F, ÆœE´÷ ™í¬F, vÊ°éπ~-èπ◊©’ èπÿ®Ω’aØË ¶µ«í∫ç 2) NØÓü¿ 鬩-Íé ~-§ƒ©’ (§ƒô/ Ø√ôu éπîË-K©’) Ö°æ-Ø√u-≤ƒ©’ E®Ωy-£œ«ç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ¢√-úË- hall. í∫´’-Eéπ: English ™ Cinema Åçõ‰ † *vûªç é¬ü¿’. † *vû√©’ îª÷°œçîË Æœ-E´÷ hall. Cinema Åçõ‰ Íé´©ç building ´÷vûª¢Ë’. † *vûªç ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ English ™ film/ movie/ picture Åçö«®Ω’. Pavani & Sudha, Matsyapuri

ûª®√yûª of, about ©†’ àßË’ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-T-≤ƒh®Ó ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. A. Care of– äéπ-JéÀ ÖüËl-Pç-*† Öûªh®Ωç ¢√J-Ê°-®ΩØË ÉçéÌ-éπJ address èπ◊ °æçÊ°-ô-°æ¤púø’ ¢√úøû√ç. To Sri Prasad, C/o Sri Prakash- Ééπ\úø C/o = Care of. Prasad èπ◊ ´’†ç ®√ÊÆ Öûªh®Ωç, Prakash èπ◊ °æç°æ-´’E. Care about something/ somebody = äéπ N≠æߪ’ç °æôx/ äéπ-J-°æôx ÇÆæéÀh/ v¨¡-ü¿l¥/ Çü¿’®√l éπ†-°æ-®Ω-îªúøç etc.

K. Nagamani, Tadpatri Q.

Q.

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù

-´÷èπ◊ äéπ ´’ç* ÅüÁl É©’x îª÷úø-´’E ®√VûÓ îÁ§ƒp†’.

A. I told Raju to look for good house we can take for rent.

®√V -´÷èπ◊ äéπ ´’ç* ÅüÁl É©’x îª÷≤ƒh-†E îÁ§ƒpúø’.

A. Raju said he would fix us a good house for rent.

a) All that he cares about is money =

Q. Care

488

b) I can't see him hurt. I really care about him =

Åûªúø’ í¬ßª’°æúÕûË Øˆ’ îª÷úø-™‰†’. ÅûªúÕ N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ Ø√èπ◊ v¨¡-ü¿l¥ ÖçC.

c) The Government doesn't care about environmental problems = Q.

Q.

öÃ˝ -Å™«p¥-¶„ö¸q ®√®·ç* °œ©x-©èπ◊ ¶«í¬ Cü¿l-´’E îÁ°œpçC.

A. Teacher get the children to/ have the children write the alphabet/ letters of the alphabet and let them trace it.

°æ®√u-´-®Ωù Ææ´’-Ææu© O’ü¿ v°æ¶µº’-û√y-EéÀ v¨¡-ü¿l¥ ™‰ü¿’. All India Radio News ™ äéπ-°æ¤púø’ The situation is returning to normalcy ÅE ¢√úË¢√®Ω’. É°æ¤púø’ normalcy ≤ƒn†ç™ normal ¢√úø’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’. È®çúø÷ ¢√úø-´î√a ™‰ü∆ normal ØË ¢√ú≈™«? -O-öÀ í∫’-Jç-* N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.

Ææ÷dúÁçôx†’ °æK-éπ~-©èπ◊ ¶«í¬ îªC-Nç-îªçúÕ.

A. Make the students study well for the exam. Q.

Q.

ÅûªúÕ

v¨¡ü¿l¥çû√ úø•’s í∫’JçîË.

O’®Ω’ Ø√ûÓ ví¬´’®˝ îÁ°œpç--èπ◊ç-ö«®√?

A. Will you have me teach you grammar. Q.

O’ ÇÆœh ´÷èπ◊ ®√®·≤ƒh®√?

A. Will you pass on your property to us?/ Will you settle your property in our favour?

To be good is dif ficult Q.

O’èπ◊ É©’x á´®Ω’ éπöÀd-≤ƒh®Ω’?

Q. Bond

A. Tell him to get the bond drafted/ written.

Q.

Q.

-Å™«p¥-¶„ö¸q °œ©x© îËûª ¶«í¬ CClç-îªçúÕ.

A. Have/ Let the children trace the alphabet thoroughly. (Alphabets letters of the alphabet

ņç

ÅØÌa)

J.Bhaskar, Bangalore Q.

A. Q. A.

Q. A. Q. A. Q. A. Q. A. Q. A. Q. A.

Q.

®√®·ç-îª-´’E Åûª-úÕéÀ îÁ°æpçúÕ.

A. Who will get the house built for you?

Åûªúø’ ´÷ûÓ Å-vT¢Á’çö¸ ®√®·ç-èπ◊Ø√oúø’.

A. He had the agreement signed by us. Q.

®√V, ®√´·ûÓ ØÓö¸-q ®√®·ç-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√oúø’.

A. Raju has Ramu to write the notes for him.

Q. You don't make it not it

†’ Núø-DÊÆh You do make ÅE ´Ææ’hçC éπü∆. DE í∫’Jç* N´-Jç-îª-í∫-

M.SURESAN

A.

ÉN American Eng™ áèπ◊\´ ¢√úø-û√®Ω’. Å®Ωnç– ´÷-´‚©’ °æJ-ÆœnA. Normal- Ææí∫ô’, ´÷-´‚©’ °æJ-Æ œnB/ Ææçêu/ ¢Á·ûªhç The situation is returning to normal = °æJ-Æ œnA ´÷´‚-©’èπ◊ AJ-T-´-≤ÚhçC.

S. Ananda Rao, Giduthuru Q. He is standing there. He stood there-

Ñ È®çúø’ ¢√é¬u-©èπ◊ ûËú≈ à¢Á’iØ√ Öçü∆? -Å-™«Íí He is sitting there/ He sat there- ûËú≈ àN’öÀ? A. He is standing there = Åûª-úÕ-°æ¤púø’ Åéπ\úø E©’aE ÖØ√oúø’. He stood there = Åûª-úøéπ\úø E©’a-Ø√oúø’ (í∫ûªç™) É-üË ûËú≈– He is sitting there èπÿ, He sat there èπÿ. Q. What is your father's name? Ééπ\úø apostrophe Å´-Ææ-®Ω´÷? A. Å´-Ææ®Ωç. Q. ؈’ Ç®Ó ûª®Ω-í∫A îªü¿’-´¤-ûª’-Ø√o†’. DEo ÉçTx≠ˇ™ áEo ®Ωé¬-©’í¬ îÁ°æp-´îª’a. A. I am studying in VI class/ I am doing VI class/ I am in VI class. Q. Clause sentence

£«ú˛-´÷-≤ƒd®Ω’ Ø√èπ◊ 鬙‰-ñ¸™ Æ‘ö¸ É°œp-≤ƒh†E îÁ§ƒpúø’.

A. H.M. said he would get me admitted into the college/ ... get me admission.

鬩ç í∫úÕ*† éÌDl, Ø√í∫-®Ω-éπûª °®Ω-í∫-úøçûÓ ´’†’-≠æfl© éÓÈ®\© Ææçêu©’, ®Ωé¬-©’ °J-í¬®·. ©®Ω’. Civilization = Ø√í∫-®Ωéπûª A. You don't make it= You do not make it (you in number = Ææçêu-™ . '™— ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ 'in' ¢√ú≈L Tell us about/ talk about yourself do make it not é¬ü¿’). ´÷´‚-©’í¬ ´÷ö«x-úË-ôéπü∆? °æ¤púø’ don't, ®√ÊÆ-ô-°æ¤púø’ do not Åçö«ç. É°æ¤púø’ îËÆæ’h†o ÖüÓu-í¬Eo áçü¿’èπ◊ NúÕ-*-°-úø’-ûª’Q. Adjective, adverb ©†’ à Nüµ¿çí¬ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-¢√L, Ø√o®Ω’?/ NúÕ-*-°-ö«d®Ω’? Q. Why should business letters be brief- D†®Ωnç ᙫ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-î√L? àN’öÀ? Should †’ àßË’ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x ¢√ú≈™ A. Adjective Åçõ‰ äéπ ´’E≠œ/ ´Ææ’h´¤, etc. Why are you giving up the present job = N´-JçîË ™„ÆæØ˛ ØÁç•®Ω’ îÁ°æp-í∫-©®Ω’. (áçü¿’èπ◊ -N-úÕ-*°-úø’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’?)/ Why did you ᙫç-öÀC ÅE ûÁLÊ° °æü¿ç. A. Business letters èπ◊x°æhçí¬ áçü¿’-èπ◊ç-ú≈L? give up the last job? (áçü¿’èπ◊ ´C-™‰-¨»®Ω’?) A tall boy ᙫçöÀ Ŷ«s®·? Tall (§Òúø’-Èíj†) Should †’ ¢√úË Ææçü¿-®√s¥©’ lesson no. 40 to 50 N’´’t™‰o áçü¿’èπ◊ BÆæ’-éÓ-¢√L? Ŷ«s®·. Ééπ\úø Tall, adjective. ™ îª÷úøçúÕ. Why should we take you? The building is beautiful - Building ᙫ Q. Our fore fathers and grand parents perhaps O’ •™«©’, •©-£‘«-†-ûª© í∫’Jç* îÁ°æpçúÕ. ÖçC? Beautiful (Åçü¿ç)í¬ ÖçC– 鬕öÀd beaudid not know the transistors and television Tell us about your strengths and weaknesstiful, adjective. sets, air travel to mention a few. D†®Ωnç es ᙫçöÀ, á-ô’-´çöÀ ÅØË v°æ¨¡o-©èπ◊ ´îËa Ææ´÷üµ∆†ç àN’öÀ? Mention í∫’Jç* N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. éÀx≠æd °æJ-Æœn-ûª’™x ᙫ ´u´-£æ«-J-≤ƒh®Ω’? Adjective. A. ´’† °æ‹Ky-èπ◊©÷, û√ûª-´·-û√h-ûª-©èπ◊ •£æ›¨» tranHow do you face a crisis? äéπ °æE ᙫ ïJ-TçC?/ ᙫ î˨»®Ω’? ÅØË sistors, televisions, N´÷† v°æߪ÷-ù«©’– ÉN -O’ ¶µºN-≠æuûª’h v°æù«-R-éπ©’ àN’öÀ? v°æ¨¡oèπ◊ ´îËa ï¢√•’ Adverb. éÌEo ´÷vûª¢Ë’/ Éçé¬ î√-™«ØË (= to mention only What are your future plans? He played well- Åûªúø’ ¶«í¬ Çú≈úø’? ᙫ a few) - •£æ›¨¡ ûÁLÆœ Öçúø-éπ-§Ú-´îª’a. Çú≈úø’? ¶«í¬ (well) ÅØË Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç ´Ææ’hçC. áèπ◊\´≤ƒn®· ÖüÓuí∫ç ÖçC îË≤ƒh®√? Mention= îÁ°æpúøç. 鬕öÀd well, adverb. Please mention your name= O’Ê°®Ω’ îÁ°æpçúÕ. Are you prepared to take a job of a higher status? Q. With passage of time and the growth of Q. To be, have, has to be, as per í∫’Jç* N´-Jçîª-í∫-©®Ω’. civilisation human wants have increased in Ñ ÖüÓuí∫ç í∫’Jç* à¢Á’iØ√ Åúø-í∫-ü¿-L-î√®√? number and variety. D†®Ωnç N´-Jç*, civilisa- A. To be = Öçúøôç. Have you/ Do you have any questions to To be good is difficult = ´’ç*í¬ Öçúøôç éπ≠dç æ. tion, in í∫’Jç* ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’. ask about this job?

éÀç-C ¢√é¬u©--†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. Interview ™ O’ í∫’Jç* îÁ°æpçúÕ ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ à´’ç-ö«®Ω’?

A. Normalcy/ Normalitylish

A.

Q.

èπÿú≈ subject, predicate éπLT Öç-õ‰, èπ◊ DEéÀ ûËú≈ à-N’öÀ? Clause èπ◊ Å®Ωnç °æ‹Jhí¬ Öçú≈-©E ™‰ü¿’, subject, predicate Öçõ‰ î√©’. Sentence èπ◊ °æ‹Jh Å®Ωnç Öçú≈L éπü∆. ¶úÕ-í∫’ç-úø’†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ à´’ç-ö«®Ω’?

A. Clean shaven/ tonsured head.

I, we, you and they have to be/ He, she and it has to be =

ûª°æp-E-Ææ-Jí¬ Öçú≈Lq ®√´úøç.

They have to be/ should be/ must be here =

¢√Rx-éπ\úø ûª°æpéπ Öçú≈L. She has to be careful = As per =

Ç¢Á’ ñ«ví∫-ûªhí¬ Öçú≈L.

Ç v°æ鬮Ωç.

As per the rules of the school students have to come in uniform = uniform

Ææ÷\™¸ E•ç-üµ¿-†© v°æ鬮Ωç ™ØË ®√¢√L. Q. The sunday shops are closed Åçõ‰ sunday shops ´‚ߪ’-•-úø-û√-ߪ’E Å®Ωnç. ´’J É°æ¤púø’ ´‚ߪ’-•-ú≈fߪ’ØËçü¿’èπ◊ à´’-Ø√L? A. Sunday shops èπÿ on Sunday, shops èπÿ ûËú≈ ÖçC. Sunday shops Åçõ‰ ÇC-¢√-®√©’ èπÿú≈ ûÁJ* ÖçúË shops. On sunday, shops are closed ÅE Öçú≈L O’ sentence. Å®Ωnç, ÇC-¢√®Ωç, shops ´‚ÊÆ≤ƒh®Ω’ ÅE– v°æA ÇC-¢√®Ωç ïJÍí N≠æߪ’ç. ï®Ωí∫-™‰-ü¿E é¬ü¿’, D†®Ωnç. Shops have been closed = Shops ´‚ߪ’-•ú≈f®·. (á°æ¤púÓ ûÁL-ߪ’ü¿’) Shops were closed on that Sunday= Ç ÇC¢√®Ωç, shops ´‚ߪ’-•-ú≈f®·– Ééπ\úø í∫ûªç™ °∂晫Ø√-®ÓV ÅE ûÁ©’-°æ¤-ûª’Ø√oç 鬕öÀd, were closed. Nü∆u-®Ω’n©’

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

í∫’®Ω’-¢√®Ωç 14 -Çí∫Ææ’d 2008-

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛

Kishore, Chemudugunta Q. 1. Don't forget sending me your new address and the mobile number.

Ñ

¢√éπuç™ àüÁjØ√ ûª°æ¤p Öçõ‰ îÁ°æpçúÕ. 2. You have occupied my seat. What is the part of speech of 'my' here. Are there any other variations in using the same word as different parts of speech.

B.Bhaskar, Nandyal. Q. Please explain 4 types of sentence with two examples and telugu meanings. 1. assertive sentence, 2. Interrogative sentence, 3. Imperative sentence, 4. Exclamatory sentence

A. 1. No error. But there is a difference between 1) Don't forget sending me your address .. and 2) Don't forget to send me your address. Sentence no. 1) means, you have sent me your address, and don't forget it. Sentence no 2) means, I don't have your address, I need it and don't forget to send it. So, strictly speaking the sentence, Don't forget sending me your address is correct. 2. 'My' here is a possessive adjective. This is the only part of speech of 'my' Inominative me - objective pronouns mine - possessive

}

Exclamatory sentence = Ǩ¡a-®√uEo, ÖüËyí¬Lo ûÁLÊ° ¢√éπuç. a) How tall he is! = Åûª-úÁçûª §Òúø’íÓ!

4)

b) Alas! How she suffered! =

äéπ N≠æ-ߪ÷Eo îÁÊ°p ¢√éπuç.

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù

= Nï-ߪ’-¢√úø éπ%≠æg äúø’f† ÖçC.

b) India is not a small country =

Anthati Penchalaiah, Rajampeta

1) It is easy to preach to others

Q. 1. Please explain correct answer and meanings for the following questions. It is easy to preach others. Preaching others is easier. To preach others is easy. It is easy to preaching others. With others preaching is easy. 2. Some snakes are only poisonous. Only some snakes are poisonous. A. 1. First of all, 'preach' should always be followed by 'to'. For this reason, all the sentences you've given are wrong. Any of the following is correct.

2) Preaching to others is easy 3) To preach to others is easy all of them have the same meaning =

Éûª-®Ω’-©èπ◊ ¶Cµç-îªúøç Ææ’©-¶µº¢Ë’ ÅE. 2. Some snakes are only poisonous = They have the only quality of being poisonous; they don't have any other quality. This is meaningless, so the sentence is not correct.

Ñ ¢√é¬u-©èπ◊ Å®√n-©†’ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.

ÅßÁ÷u! Ç¢Á’ áçûª ¶«üµ¿-°æ-úÕçüÓ!

A. 1. Assertive sentence- A sentence which states something=

a) Vijayawada is on the banks of the Krishna

2

489

Only some snakes are poisonous = of all the snakes in the world, some only are poisonous, not all of them.

¶µ«®Ωû˝ *†o-ü˨¡ç é¬ü¿’.

2. Interrogative sentence =

I wish I had the wings of a dove

v°æ¨¡o©’ ¢ËÊÆ ¢√é¬u©’

a) Where is your father?

= O’ Ø√†o áéπ\úø?

b) Is she a good singer? =

Ç¢Á’ ´’ç* í¬ßª’-ØËØ√?

3. Imperative sentence:

Y. Gayathri, Asifabad

ÇïcL´y-ú≈-EéÀ ¢√úË

¢√é¬u©’: a) Get out =

¢ÁRx§Ú,

b) Don't move =

éπü¿-©èπ◊

U.Srinivasa Rao, Zarugumalli Q.

Q. God, Govt., India etc., capital letters

äéπ ¢√é¬uEo ûÁ©’-í∫’™ áØÓo ®Ωé¬-©’í¬ éÀçCN-üµ¿çí¬ îÁ°æp-´îª’a. 1. Åçü∆© †ô’úø’ ¨¶µº-Ø˛-¶«-•’†’ îª÷úø-ö«-EéÀ îÁØÁjo ¢Á∞«x-©-†’-èπ◊-Ø√o†’. 2. ؈’ ¢Á∞«x-©-†’-èπ◊Ø√o îÁØÁjo Åçü∆© †ô’úø’ ¨¶µº-Ø˛-¶«-•’†’ îª÷úø-ö«-EéÀ. 3. îÁØÁjo ¢Á∞«x-©-†’-èπ◊Ø√o ؈’ Åçü∆© †ô’úø’ ¨¶µº-Ø˛-¶«-•’†’ îª÷úø-ö«-EéÀ. 4. Åçü∆© †ô’úø’ ¨¶µºØ˛ ¶«•’†’ îÁØÁjo™ îª÷úøö«-EéÀ ¢Á∞«x-©-†’-èπ◊Ø√o. Å™«Íí ÉçTx-≠ˇ-™-èπÿú≈ äéπ ¢√é¬uEo frame îËÆœ ü∆ØËo ¢Á†èπ◊\, ´·çü¿’èπ◊ A°œp ´÷ö«x-úø-´î√a? ´÷ö«x-úÕûË Å®Ωnç ´÷J-§Ú-ûª’çü∆?

A.

Q.

1. I want to go Chennai to see the pretty/ beautiful actor Sobhan babu. 2. To see the beautiful actor Sobhan babu I wish to go Chennai. A.

ûÁ©’í∫’ ¢√é¬u-©™ ´÷ô© ´®Ω’-Ææ-éπçûª v§ƒ´·êuç-™‰ü¿’. à ´÷ô sentence ™ áéπ\úø ´*aØ√ Å®Ωnç äéπ-õ‰í¬ Öçô’çC, O’®Ω-†oô’x N¶µºéÃh v°æûªu-ߪ÷© ´©x. O’J-*a† Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ù™‰ Åçü¿’èπ◊ Eü¿-®Ωz†ç. Å®·ûË English sentences ™ word order ´÷JûË Å®Ωnç ´÷Í® v°æ´÷ü¿ç ÖçC. 1) Sachin hit the ball, 2) The ball hit Sachin -

A.

R.Balu, Miryalaguda

2. To see Sobhan babu I ...

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A. Q. A.

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' ∂' í∫ ’®Ω’h, rural ™«çöÀ ´÷ô™x, 'a' ¨¡¶«lEo Ææ÷*Ææ’hçC. Ñ ¨¡•lç 'Å— èπ◊ ü¿í∫_®Ωí¬ Öçô’çC é¬E 'Å— é¬ü¿’. 'Å— °æL-Íé-ô-°æ¤púø’, ØÓ®Ω’ °æ‹Jhí¬ ûÁ®Ω’≤ƒhç. é¬F '∂' ûÁLÊ° ¨¡¶«lEo Öîªa-Jç-îËM.SURESAN ô-°æ¤púø’ ØÓ®Ω’ î√™« éÌClí¬ ûÁJ*/ ûÁJ< ûÁ®Ω-´-èπ◊çú≈ 'Å— -Å-Ø√-L. éÌEo úÕéπ{-†-K™x Öî√a-®Ωù éÓÆæç must not - mustn't - mdsn- ÅE Öçô’çC. ᙫ Öîªa-Jç-î√™ ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ. Mustn't ØÓ®Ω’ ûÁ®Ω-´-èπ◊çú≈ ´’Ææ-Ø˛dÅE °æ©éπçúÕ. Å°æ¤púø’ N†-°æúË Ææ ¨¡-•lç™ '∂' NE-°œ-Ææ’hçC. Environment - áEy-®√-Ø˛-¢Á’çö¸ éπÈ®é¬d áØ√y-Ø˛¢Á’çö¸ éπÈ®é¬d Åçõ‰ R silent í¬ Öç-ú≈-™«? Environment - pronunciation ÉØ˛-¢Áj-®Ω-Ø˛-´’-Ø˛ö¸ –®ΩØ˛, ´’-Ø˛-ö¸ – OöÀE Éçü∆éπ ûÁ-L°œ-†ô’x, ØÓ®Ω’ ûÁJ< ûÁ®Ω-´-èπ◊çú≈ °æ©-éπçúÕ – '¢Áj— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©-éπçúÕ. Contribute - kon- trib'u-t, cooler - ko''l'er. Åéπ~®√-©-°j† '–— Öçõ‰ ᙫ Öîªa-Jç-î√L. üËEéÀ D®Ω`ç, üËEéÀ D®Ω`ç-™‰-èπ◊çú≈ Öîªa-Jç-î√™ ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. O’®Ω’ îª÷Æœ† dictionary v°æ鬮Ωç, Åéπ~-®√-©-°j† ' " — Öçõ‰ Ç Åéπ~-®√©’ ûÁLÊ° ¨¡¶«lEo ØÌéÀ\,

book = A book = An egg = Boy = boy there is my brother = articles,

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D®Ω`çí¬ °æ©-é¬L. ' ' — í∫’®Ω’h Ö†o Åéπ~-®√-©†’, ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç – D®Ω`ç ™‰èπ◊çú≈. ' – — Ñ í∫’®Ω’h O’ dictionary v°æ鬮Ωç, u †’ 'Å— ™« (fun ™ ™«) é¬èπ◊çú≈, 'ߪ‚—™« °æ©-é¬L ÅE Ææ÷*ç-îËçü¿’èπ◊ ÖçúÌa. Oxford/ Cambridge ™«çöÀ dictionaries pronunciation †’ Ææ÷*çîËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ¢√úË í∫’®Ω’h©’ ¢ËÍ®, Å¢Ë standard. Phrasal Verbs †’ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ à´’ç-ö«®Ó ûÁ©’-°æí∫-©®Ω’. Phrasal Verbs †’ véÀߪ÷ Ææ´÷-≤ƒ©’ ņ-´îª’a. éÀçC¢√öÀ™ àC éπÈ®éÓd ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. 1) "Is there anything I can get you? " (or ) "Can I get you anything?" 2) "Can you open the window? " (or) "Do you open the window?"

A.

äéπ °æ¤Ææhéπç egg = í∫’úø’f, äéπ í∫’úø’f, °œ©x-¢√úø’. The Åéπ\-úø’†o Ç ¶«©’úø’ ´÷ ûª´·túø’. É™« ¢√öÀ ûª®√yûª ¢√úË °æü∆© Å®√n-©†’ °æJ-N’ûªç îË≤ƒh®·. Q. Precis writing ™ ´‚úÓ ´çûª’ °æü∆-©èπ◊ èπ◊Cç* ®√ߪ’-´’ç-ö«®Ω’. Precis ®√ÊÆ Nüµ∆-Ø√Eo ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. A. Precis writing èπ◊ É*a† ¢Á·ûªhç °æü∆-©†’, a, an, the ûÓ Ææ£æ…– É´Fo words (°æü∆©’) 鬕öÀd, ü∆Eo ´‚úø’ûÓ ¶µ«Tç*, ÅEo ´÷ô-©èπ◊ èπ◊Cçî√L. Q. °æü∆© ´·çü¿’ àßË’ °æü∆-©’çõ‰ ¢√öÀéÀ independent status Öç-úøüÓ ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ. A. °æü∆-©-Eoç-öÀéÃ, ûÁ©’-í∫’™™« independent status Öçô’çC. Å™« ™‰éπ-§ÚûË ÅN °æü∆-™„™« Å´¤û√®·?

È®ç-úø÷ correct, ¢ËÍ®y®Ω’ Å®√n-©ûÓ; 1) ØËFoèπ◊ ûËí∫-L-Tç-üË-´’Ø√o Öçü∆? ØËFo-Íé-´’Ø√o ûÁîËaü∆? 2) éÀöÀéà é¬Ææh ûÁ®Ω’-≤ƒh¢√? †’´¤y ≤ƒ´÷-†uçí¬ Ç éÀ-öÀéà ûÁ®Ω’-≤ƒh¢√? (ûÁJîË Öç-û√¢√?) R.Ramakrishna, Vijayawada

°æ¤Ææhéπç,

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Ñ È®çúÕçöÀ Å®Ωnç äéπõ‰ é¬éπ-§Úí¬, °æ‹Jh ´uA-Í®éπç éπü∆. Å®·ûË O’®Ω’ îÁ°œp† English sentences ™– 1. I want to go to Chennai, to see.. O’®Ω’ ´÷JaçC, sentence ™E words é¬èπ◊çú≈ clauses †’. Clauses/ phrases position ´÷JÊÆh meaning ´÷®Ω-éπ-§Ú-´îª’a. word position ´÷JÊÆh ´÷vûªç meaning ´÷®Ω’-ûª’çC. I want to go to Chennai to Sobhan babu ņúøç, I want to go to Sobhan babu to see Chennai - È®çúø÷ äéπõ‰ é¬ü¿’ éπü∆? ÉD í∫´’-Eç-î√Lq N≠æߪ’ç.

¢√éπuç ´’üµ¿u™ ´*aØ√ ®√≤ƒh®Ω’ éπü∆. God èπ◊ Ææç•çCµç* Åûª-úø’, Åûª-úÕéÀ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*† ņo-°æ¤púø’ he, his èπÿú≈ capital letters ®√ߪ÷™«? ´’ûªçûÓ Ææç•çüµ¿ç ™‰èπ◊çú≈, Åçü¿®Ω÷ éÌLîË äÍé üË-´¤úø’ ÅØË ¶µ«´çûÓ Å®·ûË, God á°æ¤púø÷ G (Capital G) ûÓØË ®√ߪ÷L. Ñ ¶µ«´çûÓ God èπ◊ •ü¿’©’, He/ His/ Him ņo-°æ¤púø’, Capital H ¢√úøû√ç. Å™«-é¬-èπ◊çú≈ ¢√ߪ·-üË-´¤úø’, ´®Ω’-ù-üË-´¤úø’, vÊ°´’-üË-´¤úø’ (´’†t-ü∑¿’úø’) ™«çöÀ NNüµ¿ ®Ω鬩 üË´¤∞¡x†’ í∫’Jç* ´÷ö«xúË-ô°æ¤púø’ small 'g' ØË ®√≤ƒhç. Ñ god èπ◊ plural èπÿú≈ Öçô’çC. ÅçûË-é¬-èπ◊çú≈ god of love, god of success - É™«çöÀ god ´·çü¿’, the ´Ææ’hçC. ÅüË äÍé üË´¤úø’ ÅE ´u´£æ«-Jç-*-†-°æ¤púø’, the ®√ü¿’ God ´·çü¿’. Ñ god, gods èπ◊ •ü¿’©’ ®√ÊÆ pronoun, he/ him etc, èπ◊ small h ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ¢√úøû√ç. Economy, Economics OöÀE áé¬-†N’, áéπ-Ø√N’é˙q ÅØ√™«? Éé¬-†N’, Ééπ-†-N’é˙q ÅØ√™«? ÆæÈ®j† Öî√a-®Ωù ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. Economy - Éé¬-†N’ –'鬗– ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç. Economics - -ÑéπØ√-N’é˙q– Éçü¿’™ 'Ñ— éÌClí¬ ûªèπ◊\-´í¬, 'Ø√— ¶«í¬ ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç. Pronunciation ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ dictionary ™ ¢√úË

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ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ äéπ °æü¿ç áçûª-´-®Ωèπ◊ Öçô’çC. äéπ ¢√éπuç™, Ê°®√-ví¬-°∂ˇ™ äéπ °æü∆Eo í∫’Jhç-îªúøç ᙫ? °æü¿ç Åçõ‰ English ™ word- DØËo ´÷ô ÅE èπÿú≈ Åçö«ç. Å®Ωnç ÉîËa ¨¡¶«l© éπ©-®·-éπ†’ °æü¿ç/ ´÷ô/ word Åçö«ç. The book is on the table = Ñ sentence ™ the, book, is, on, the tableOöÀ™ v°æA äéπ\öà °æü¿¢Ë’/ word. ¢√éπuç™ articles èπ◊ independent status Öçô’çü∆ ™‰ü∆ ¢√öÀ ´·çü¿’ Ö†o °æü¿çûÓ éπLÆœ äéπ °æü¿çí¬ à®Ωp-úø-û√ߪ÷? Öçúøü¿’. A/ an, the- ÉN English ™ articles. A/ an = äéπ/ àüÁjØ√. The = Ç. É™« OöÀéÀ Å®√n©’-†o-°æp-öÀéÃ, OöÀE independent í¬ sentence ™ ¢√úøç. OöÀ Å´-ûª© Ö†o °æü¿ç Å®√nEo ÉN -N-´®Ωçí¬ -ûÁ-L-ߪ’-ñ‰≤ƒh®·.

Q. I wish I had wings of a bird. I wish I had the wings of a bird.

È®çúÕç-öÀ™ àC éπÈ®èπ◊d? A. I wish I had the wings of a dove, correct. Wings of a dove wings question wings of a answer dove the

ņo-°æ¤púø’, Å-ØË èπ◊ Å-ØË ´≤ÚhçC éπü∆? Åçü¿’-éπE éπ*a-ûªçí¬ Å´-Ææ®Ωç Åéπ\úø. ü¿®Ω-ë«-Ææ’h©’ ®√ÊÆ-ô-°æ¤púø’ *´-®Ω™ I request you to ... ÅE ņ-ú≈-EéÀ •ü¿’©’ I request that I may be ... ÅØ√-©E NØ√o†’. àC ÆæÈ®j†üÓ ûÁ©’°æçúÕ.

à

Q.

A. I request you to/ to be kind enough to I request that I may be ...

Å-†-úøç™ ûªÊ°pç-™‰ü¿’. éÌç-îÁç ņ-´-Ææ®Ω §ƒçúÕûªuç.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 17 -Çí∫Ææ’d 2008Chinmaya: Can we go out in this weather? It looks like it's going to rain again.

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ Chinmaya: OK. Let's now look for those books.

(ÆæÍ®. Ç °æ¤Ææh-é¬-™„-éπ\-úø’-Ø√oßÁ÷ îª÷ü∆lç °æü¿.) (Ñ ¢√û√-´-®Ω-ùç™ •ßª’-öÀ-Èé-∞¡x-í∫-©´÷? Daily conversation ™ real life situations ™ ´’Sx ´®Ω{ç ´îËaô’x éπE-°œ-≤ÚhçC). ¢√úË expressions í∫’Jç* îªJa-Ææ’hØ√oç éπü∆. ¢√öÀ™ Tanmaya: The chances are it will rain again ´’J-éÌEo Ñ lesson ™ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊çü∆ç. OöÀE ´’†ç and that too, very heavily. The sky Ææçü¿®√s¥Eo•öÀd ¢√úÕûË, ´’† English î√™« ¢√u´-£æ…-Jis overcast. éπçí¬, Ææ’Ø√-ߪ÷-Ææçí¬ ´÷ö«x-úÕ-†-ôd-E°œ-Ææ’hçC. Practice (´’Sx ¢√ØÌîËa Ææ÷îª-†™‰ ÖØ√o®·. Å-D îËߪ’çúÕ. î√™« °ü¿lí¬. -Çé¬-¨¡-´’ç-û√ 鬮Ω’-´’-•’s Look at the following sentences from the conversation above: éπ-¢Ë’tÆœç-C.) Chinmaya: So what shall we do? (-Å®·-ûË -îË-ü∆lç?) 1) It looks like it's going to rain. Tanmaya: I am in a fix too. The book we want to get from Saranya is very important and she will be leaving in an hour.

(Ø√èπÿ àç îËߪ÷™ ûÓîª-úøç-™‰ü¿’. ¨¡®Ωùu ü¿í∫_®Ω †’ç* ´’†ç ûÁa-éÓ-¢√-©-†’-èπ◊†o °æ¤Ææhéπç î√™« ´·êu-¢Á’içC; ûªØË¢Á÷ ã í∫çô™ ¢ÁRx-§Ú-ûÓçC.) Chinmaya: Look. It's started drizzling again. If we get out now, we are sure to get drenched.

(îª÷úø’, Å°æ¤púË ûª’ç°æ®Ω ¢Á·ü¿-™„jçC. É°æ¤púø’ ´’†ç •ßª’-™‰l-®√-´’çõ‰ °æ‹Jhí¬ ûªúÕ-Æœ-§Úû√ç.) Tanmaya: But we need the book.

(é¬F Ç °æ¤Ææhéπç ´’†-éπ-´-Ææ®Ωç.) Chinmaya: Excuse me. For all that you say I don't think much of it.

Tanmaya:

(à´’-†’-éÓèπ◊. †’¢Ëyç îÁ°œpØ√ Ç °æ¤Ææhéπç O’ü¿ Ø√Íéç Åçûª íÌ°æp ÅGµ-v§ƒßª’ç ™‰ü¿’.) You don't? (™‰ü∆ Fèπ◊?)

Chinmaya: Sorry, no. There are much better books on the subject than that. (Sorry,

™‰ü¿’. Åçûªéπçõ‰ Ç subject O’ü¿ î√™« ´’ç* °æ¤Ææh-é¬-©’-Ø√o®·.)

Tanmaya: Then why were you all ears to Saranya when she was praising the book.

2) The chances are it will rain again and that too very heavily. 3) The sky is over cast. 4) I am in a fix. 5) For all that you say, I don't think much of that book. 6) Why were you all ears to saranya? 7) All in good time. 8) Mind what you're about.

c) It looks like there will be another tsunami = ÉçéÓ Ææ’Ø√N’ ´îËa™« ÖçC/ ÅE-°œ≤ÚhçC. 2) That too = ÅC-èπÿú≈/ Åçü¿’-™ †÷/ ü∆E-éÀûÓúø’. a) Do you want me to all the way, and that too in this hot sun? =

Åçûª ü¿÷®Ω-´‚ †úø-´-´’çö«¢√ ††’o, Åçü¿’-™†÷ Éçûª áçúø™?

(†’´yFo Ü£œ«ç--èπ◊ç-ö«´¤. ØËØËç Åçûª v¨¡ü¿l¥ îª÷°œç-îª-™‰ü¿’.) Tanmaya: Ok. Now that we can't go to Saranya in this bad weather, will you at least show me the books you say are much better.

(™‰ü¿’. ؈’ ¢Á∞«xL. Å´’t Ø√ éÓÆæç îª÷Ææ÷h Öçô’çC. ÅçûËé¬èπ◊çú≈ ´÷ cousin èπÿú≈ ´≤ÚhçC.)

a) Not many think much of Ganguly nowa days =

í∫çí∫÷-ME í∫’Jç* î√™«-´’ç-CéÀ íÌ°æp ÅGµ-v§ƒßª’ç ™‰C-°æ¤púø’.

-Å-ûª-úø’ Ø√èπ◊ Ææí∫ç úø¶‰s Éî√aúø’, ÅD î√™« Ç©-Ææuçí¬. 3) Overcast= Ç鬨¡ç ¶«í¬ ´’¶‰sÆœ Öçúøôç/ 鬮Ω’ ´’•’s-©ûÓ Öçúøôç.

b) She doesn't think much of the Chiranjeevi effect =

Ç¢Á’èπ◊ *®Ωç-@N v°æ¶µ«´ç O’ü¿ Åçûª íÌ°æp ÅGµ-v§ƒßª’ç ™‰†-ô’dçC. a) The sky being overcast, the fisherman did 7) Be all ears = Åûªuçûª ÇÆæéÀhûÓ v¨¡ü¿l¥í¬ N†úøç/ îÁ´¤©-°æp-Tç-îªúøç. not set out into the sea = Ç鬨¡ç ¢Ë’°∂æ÷-´%-ûª¢Á’i a) She was all ears for her lover's words = ûª† Öçúø-ôç-´©x, Ç -ñ«-©-J Ææ´·-vü¿ç-™éÀ ¢Á∞¡x-™‰ü¿’. 1) Look like = D†®Ωnç, ´’†ç-ü¿-Jéà ûÁL-Æ œçüË – §ÚLéπ v°œ ߪ·úÕ ´÷ô-™«¢Á’ Åûªuçûª v¨¡ü¿l¥ûÓ/ îÁ´¤-©-°æpÖçúøôç. äéπü∆E™«/ äéπ-J™« ÉçéÓöÀ/ ÉçéÌ-éπ®Ω’ b) The sky was overcast and we got wet in the Tç* NçöçC. drizzle = 鬮Ω’-´’-•’s©’ éπN’t ÖçC Ç鬨¡ç, ¢Ë’ç Öçúøôç. b) I am all ears for your story. Please start = V©’x ™  ûª ú Õ ¨ »ç. She looks like her sister = Ç¢Á’ ûª† Åéπ\/ îÁ™„xF éπü∑¿ v¨¡ü¿l¥í¬ NØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ Æœü¿l¥çí¬ ÖØ√o. ™«xØË ÖçC. 4) Be in a fix/ get in a fix= éÀx≠dæ °æJ-Æ œn-A™ v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµç. (§Ú©açúÕ: All eyes) Öçúøôç. ÉC î√™« ≤ƒüµ∆-®Ωùçí¬ ¢√úË ´÷ô. 7) All in good time = ûªy®Ω-™ ØË/ ï®Ω-í¬-Lq† Ææ´’-ߪ’ça) We'll be in fix if we lose this money too ™ØË. ï®Ω-í¬-LqçC ÆæÈ®j† Ææ´’-ߪ’ç-™ØË Å†’-èπ◊-†oô’d = Ñ úø•’s èπÿú≈ §ÚíÌ-ô’d-èπ◊çõ‰ -´’-†ç î√™« ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’çC, ûÌçü¿-®Ω-°æ-úøèπ◊, ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ. É•sç-ü¿’™x °æúøû√ç. a) 'Mom, when will the food be ready?' We've got ourselves in a fix by investing in -Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 490 b) this (Å´÷t, ņoç á°æ¤púø’ -ûª-ߪ÷®Ω-´¤-ûª’ç-C?) business

It looks like it is going to rain DEéÀ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*çüË

look alike =

=

Ñ ¢√u§ƒ-®Ωç™ °ô’d•úÕ Â°öÀd *èπ◊\™x °æú≈fç/ àO’ §ƒ©’-§ÚE ÆœnA™ ÖØ√oç. Be in a fix Åçõ‰ áô÷ ûË©’a-éÓ-™‰E ÆœnA èπÿú≈ – To

Åûªúø’ Åa ¢√∞¡x Ø√†o-™«ØË Öçö«úø’.

b) A number of movies/ novels are woven around look alikes

M.SURESAN

do or not to do something

5) For all that/ for all etc =

=

- L. Nageswara Rao, Gudivada

A. I got married =

؈’ °Rx îËÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√o†’– °∂晫Ø√ ®ÓV†/ Ææç´-ûªq-®Ωç™. I was married = ؈-°æp-öÀéÀ N¢√-£œ«-ûª’-úÕE. ¢Á·ü¿öÀ sentence ™ °Rx îËÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√o†’ ÅØË °æEéÀ v§ƒüµ∆†uç.

'All in good time, boy, all in good time'

=

a) He is his father's look alike

î√™« ÆœE-´÷©’/ †´©©’ äÍé §ÚL-èπ◊-†o-¢√∞¡x ô÷d ÅLx-†¢Ë. Å®·ûË It looks like it's going to rain ÅØË ´÷ô™x (ÆæÍ®. ¢√û√-´-®Ωùç ¶«í¬-™‰E Ñ °æJ-Æœn-A™ looks like èπ◊ Å®Ωnç, ÅE-°œç-îªúøç/ éπE-°œç-îªúøç. ´’†ç ¨¡®Ωùu ü¿í∫_®Ωèπ◊ ¢Á∞¡x™‰ç 鬕öÀd, ûª† a) He looks like having been beaten = Åûªúø’ ü¿í∫_-®Ω’†oü∆E-éπçõ‰ ´’ç* °æ¤Ææhéπç F ¶«í¬ üÁ•s©’ A†oô’x éπE-°œ-Ææ’h-Ø√oúø’. ü¿í∫_®Ω’Ø√o-ߪ’Ø√o¢Ë, ¢√öÀE îª÷°œç.) b) The teacher looks like having seen our Chinmaya: Wait. All in good time. I'll get them to tricks = ´’† ¢Ë≥ƒ-©†’ teacher ví∫£œ«ç-*-†-ô’xçC/ you as soon as the weather clears. ÅE-°œ-≤ÚhçC. (Çí∫’ é¬Ææh ã°œ-éπ-°æô’d. ûªy®Ω-™ØË îª÷Æœ≤ƒh. Ñ ´’•’s-O-úøF.) Tanmaya: OK. I'm stopping because of you. Q. I have had a car - Ñ ¢√éπuç™ Mind what you're about. You have had possession èπ◊ Ææç•ç-Cµçgiven the word. *çü∆? - Abhijeet, Hyderabad (ÆæÍ®. ØË-Ø√-T§Ú-ûª’Ø√o F ´©x. †’¢Ëy-´’Ø√o¢Ó, àç îËߪ’-¶-ûª’-Ø√o¢Ó, í∫’®Ω’hç-éÓ. A. I have had a car ™ have, present perfect tense †’ ûÁLØ√èπ◊ ´÷öÀ-î√a´¤.) Ê°-´÷ô. DEéÀ have éπLT Chinmaya: You won't be disappointed. How Öçúøôç (possession) èπ◊ about having meal with me at my place now? I don't know what mom Ææç•çüµ¿ç ™‰ü¿’. Had °j sentence ™ have has cooked. You'll have to take pot èπ◊ past participle. luck. I got married., I was married. Ñ È®çúÕç-öÀ™ (†’´¤y E®√¨¡ îÁç-ü¿èπ◊. ´÷ Éçöx Q. àC éπÈ®èπ◊d? ¶µçîËߪ’-èπÿ-úøü∆ Ø√ûÓ. ´÷ Å´’t àç He has left for Bombay. He has gone to ´çúÕçüÓ Ø√èπ◊ ûÁL-ߪ’ü¿’. ´’† Åü¿%≠ædç Bombay. Ñ È®çúø’ ¢√é¬u-©èπ◊ ûËú≈ Öçü∆? éÌDl/ àü¿’çõ‰ ü∆EûÓØË ÆæJ-°-ô’d-éÓ-¢√L.) Tanmaya: No, I have to go. Mom will be waiting for me. Moreover my cousin is coming.

Not think much of = äéπ-JE í∫’Jç* Ææü¿-Gµv§ƒßª’ç/ íÌ°æp ÅGµ-v§ƒßª’ç Öçúøéπ-§Ú-´úøç (áèπ◊\-´í¬ ™‰éπ-§Ú-´úøç ÅØË ¶µ«´çûÓ not ûÓ ¢√úøû√ç)

b) He gave just half the money and that too after a lot of delay =

äÍ陫 Öçúøôç. The brothers look alike = Ç Å†o-ü¿-´·t©’ äÍ陫 (´’®Ω-®·ûË ¨¡®Ωùu Ç °æ¤Ææh-é¬--†oçûªí¬ §Òí∫’- Öçö«®Ω’. úø’-ûª’çõ‰ Åçûª v¨¡ü¿l¥í¬ NØ√o-¢Áç-ü¿’èπ◊?) look alike - É™« èπÿú≈ ¢√úøû√ç–

Chinmaya: You imagine things. I was not all that interested.

2

(ûªy®Ω-™ØË ¶«•÷.) b) He got what he wanted, all in good time =

Åûªúø’ 鬢√-©-†’-èπ◊-†oC §Òçü∆úø’, ÅD ûªy®Ω-™ØË/ ņ’-èπ◊†o Ææ´’-ߪ’ç-™ØË. 8) Mind what you're about = †’¢Ëyç îËߪ’-¶-ûª’Ø√o¢Ó ñ«ví∫ûªh! ÉüÓ Nüµ¿çí¬ Â£«îªa-Jç-îªúøç. a) 'I have decided to contest the elections'

ÅØË O’´÷çÆæ. Å®·-†-°æp-öÀéÀ

(؈’ áEo-éπ™x §Úöà îËߪ÷-©E E®Ωg-®·ç-èπ◊Ø√o.)

a) For all its batting power, India lost the match = Batting batting

'Mind what you're about. It'll cost you all that you've earned in the last 10 years'.

¨¡éÀh Ö†o-°æp-öÀéÃ/ áçûª ¨¡éÀh Öçõ‰ØËç, ¶µ«®Ωû˝ ãúÕ-§Ú-®·çC.

b) For all that I worked, I got very little =

(†’¢Ëyç îËÆæ’h-Ø√o-¢Ó ñ«ví∫ûªh/ Ç™-*ç. í∫ûª °æüË∞¡x™ †’´¤y Ææ秃-Cç-*ç-ü¿çû√ ê®Ωa-®·-§Ú-ûª’çC)

ØËØÁçûÓ îËÆœ-†-°æpöÀéà Ø√éÌ-*açC ûªèπ◊\¢Ë.

b) Mind what you're about. You're going to face a strong opponent -

c) For all our claims of democracy, only the rich have all the power=

àç îËÆæ’h-Ø√o¢Ó ñ«ví∫ûªh! î√™« •©-¢Á’i† v°æûªuJnØÁü¿’-®Ó\-¶-ûª’-Ø√o´¤.

´’†C v°æñ«-≤ƒy´’uç ÅE áçûª îÁ°æ¤p-èπ◊-†o-°æp-öÀéà üµ¿E-èπ◊-©üË ÅCµ-鬮Ωç Åçû√.

È®çúÓ sentence ™, N¢√-£œ«-ûª’-úÕE ÅØË ¶µ«¢√-EéÀ v§ƒüµ∆†uç ÖçC.

Q.

He has left for Bombay = He has gone to Bombay. Q. 1. How could you ever get admission in that ever school? Ever

A.

Ééπ\úø Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç àN’öÀ? Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-îª-éπ-§ÚûË Å®Ωnç™ ´îËa ûËú≈ àN’öÀ?

2. Some other brands will then be as cheap as this or even cheaper. then Then stress

Ééπ\úø áçü¿’èπ◊ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-î√®Ω’? Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç°æúø’-ûª’çC? îªúøç ´©x à ¶µ«´ç°j - B. Sarada, Eluru

A. 1.

´÷´‚-©’í¬ ever Åçõ‰ á°æp-öÀéà ÅE Å®Ωnç. Å®·ûË É-™«ç-öÀ sentences ™ ever Åçõ‰ ÅÆæ©’ ÅE Å®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçC, Ǩ¡a®Ωuç ´uéπh-°æ-J-îËçü¿’èπ◊. O’®√ school ™ ÅÆæ©’ admission ᙫ §Òç-ü¿-í∫-©®Ω’?ņoô’d.2. then = Å°æ¤púø’ (Å°æ¤p-úø’/ Ç °æJ-Æ œn-A™)

Æœ§ƒ-®·© A®Ω’-í∫’-¶«-ô’†’ Sepoy mutiny ÅØ√™«? Soldiers mutiny ÅØ√™«? Éçí∫xç-ú˛™ Æœ§ƒ-®·E à´’ç-ö«®Ω’? ´’†-üË-¨¡ç™ sepoy ņo°æü¿ç ᙫ Æœn®Ω-°æ-úÕçC? - P. Mohan, Jagityal Sepoy ÅØËC Hindi/ Urdu ´÷ô. ≤ƒyûªç-vû√u-EéÀ °æ‹®Ωyç British military officers éÀçü¿ °æE-îËÊÆ ÅA éÀç-C≤ƒn®· ÂÆjE-èπ◊-©†’ sepoy Å-ØË¢√∞¡Ÿx. Ñ ´÷ô ´·êuçí¬ British ÂÆjE-èπ◊-©èπ◊, ¶µ«®Ωûª ÂÆjEèπ◊-©èπÿ ûËú≈ ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ ¢√úË-¢√®Ω’. É°æ¤púø’ ´’†üË-¨¡ç™ sepoy •ü¿’©’ Jawan (ï¢√Ø˛) -¢√-úø’ûª’Ø√o®Ω’. Sepoy É°æ¤púø’ ¢√úø’-éπ™ ™‰ü¿’. Jawan, Indians English. Sepoy, Jawan, Soldier-

Q.

É´Fo äéπõ‰. ÂÆjE-èπ◊úø’ ÅE. O’®Ω’ E†o Éçöx ÖØ√o®√?– -Éç-Tx-≠ˇ-™ -à-´’-Ø√-L? Were you at home yesterday/ Was you at home yesterday? - M. RatnaKishore, Miryalaguda

A. You=

†’´¤y/ O’®Ω’. †’´¤y ÅE ¢√úÕØ√, O’®Ω’ ÅE ¢√úÕØ√, you ûÓ ´îËa verb á°æ¤púø÷ plural. Åçü¿’éπE you are/ were Åçö«ç. You was ņç.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 24 -Çí∫Ææ’d 2008-

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛

J. Krishna, Rajapuram

Roll over -

°æéπ\™ °æúø’-èπ◊E äéπ-¢Áj°æ¤ †’ç* ÉçéÓ ¢Áj°æ¤ A®Ω-í∫úøç. Royalty = ®√ï-Jéπç. Signing off = Radio/ TV programmes ´·Tçîªúøç/ Öûªh-®√© *´®Ω, 'ÉçûË Ææçí∫-ûª’©’— ÅE ®√ߪ’úøç. Éçé¬ ´’† Ç¢Á÷ü¿ç ûÁ©’-°æ¤ûª÷ Ææçûªéπç °ôdúøç. Accessories = ¢√£æ«-Ø√©’/ ߪ’çvû√™«xçöÀ ¢√öÀéÀ Å´-Ææ®Ωç é¬éπ-§Ú-®·Ø√, Åü¿-†çí¬ Å´’Í®a ≤ƒ´’vT –

Q.

†÷uÆˇ-Ê°-°æ-®Ωx™ missing v°æéπ-ô-†©’ ´Ææ’hç-ö«®·. Missing ÅE é¬èπ◊çú≈ missed ÅE ®√ÊÆh ¶«í∫’ç-ô’çC éπüΔ. Å™«Íí No smoking, No parking, Drinking water ™«çöÀ ¢√öÀE ing form ™ ®√≤ƒh-È®ç-ü¿’èπ◊? Do not smoke here, Do not park your vehicles here ÅE ®√ÊÆh ¶«í∫’ç-ô’çC éπüΔ. A. Smoking, drinking, parking - É™«çöÀ ´÷ô™x 'ing' form éÀ Å®Ωnç Ç °æE-îË-ߪ’úøç ÅE (§Òí∫-û√-í∫úøç, û√í∫úøç, ¢√£æ«-Ø√©’ E©-°æúøç). No smoking/ parking, etc- §Òí∫-û√-í∫úøç/ ¢√£æ«Ø√©’ E©°æúøç èπÿúøü¿E. Do not smoke/ Do not park, etc éπçõ‰ No smoking/ No parking simpler éπüΔ? Q. Bearer, Butler, Waiter, Server, Steward ...

OöÀéÀ Å®Ωn-¢Ë’-N’öÀ? A. Bearer Åçõ‰ àüÁjØ√ ûÁîËa ¢√∞¡Ÿx/ ¢Á÷ÊÆ-¢√∞¡Ÿx ÅE Å®Ωnç. Restaurants ™ Ç£æ…®Ω °æüΔ-®√n©’ ÅçCç-îË¢√-JéÀ Ñ ´÷ô ÆæJ-é¬ü¿’, ¢√úøç. Butler = °ü¿l-°ü¿l/ Ææç°æ-†’o© É∞¡x-™ xE °æE-¢√-∞¡x™  ´·ê’uúø’ – The chief man servant. Waiter = server = Restaurants, Nçü¿’©’, parties ™ ´úÕfç-îË-¢√®Ω’. Å®·ûË Ñ Å®ΩnçûÓ standard English ™ waiter ÅØË-´÷ô áèπ◊\´ ¢√úø-û√®Ω’. Server ÅØË ´÷ô áèπ◊\´ ´’†- ü˨¡ç™ØË NE-°œÆæ’hçC. Restaurants ™ ´úÕfç-îË-¢√-JE waiter ÅØË °œ©’-≤ƒh®Ω’. (Waitress = Ñ °æ†’©’ îËÊÆ Çúø-¢√∞¡Ÿx) Steward = Restaurants/ clubs/ bars ™ ´úøf††’ Åï-´÷-®·≠œ îËÊÆ ´uéÀh/ °ü¿l °ü¿l C¢√ù«™x (Estates) ™ ÇÆæ’h© ´u´-£æ…-®√-©†’ îª÷ÊÆ-¢√úø’. (Stewardess = Ñ °æ†’©’ îËÊÆ Æ‘Y) A. Sridhar, Oripenta Q. Shop-shoppe, novelties, passing cloud, phonetics, big burn, affordable, ring master, echo tourism, picket, out post, big furn, roll over, royalty, signing off, accessories..

OöÀE-

N-´-Jç-îªí∫-©®Ω’. A. Shop = ü¿’é¬ùç/ Åçí∫úÕ =

Shoppe - Old spelling of shop - used now only in shop names Shop, shoppe, pronunciation

Ææ’hçC. äéπõ‰)

(ü¿’é¬-ù«© Ê°®Ωx™ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ É°æ¤púø’ éπE-°œÈ®çúÕçöÀ

Novelties =

Car/ bike/ cycle accessories - musical horns, bells,

Éûª®Ω Å©ç-é¬-®√©’/ ≤ƒ´’vT, í¬®Ω’, X †’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ à´’ç-ö«®Ω’? A. í¬®Ω’, X = Mr/ Ms (miss)/ Mrs. Q.

Q. I want to go to America. I want to go America.

Q.

¶„jé˙ O’ü¿ Åô÷, Éô÷ éπü¿-©-´ü¿’l.

A. Don't sway; steady. Q.

áèπ◊\-´-ÊÆ°æ¤ îª÷úÌü¿’l.

Q. Q.

ÉC Åúø-í∫-ú≈Eo ûÁLÊ° †’´¤y Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-í∫-©¢√? ÅE Ç¢Á’†’ Åûª-úø-úÕ-

°æ¤Ææh-鬩Fo ¶«uí˚™ °ô’déÓ.

í¬úø’–

A. Put all the books in your bag. Q.

"Will you start tomorrow?" He said to her-

°Eq™¸ ≥ƒ®˝p îËÆæ’éÓ.

A. Sharpen your

ÉC Åúø-í∫-úø¢Ë’ éπüΔ? = †’´¤y Í®°æ¤ •ßª’-™‰l-®Ω’-ûª’-Ø√o¢√? ÅE Ç¢Á’†’ Åûª-úø-úÕ-í¬úø’ – He asked her if she

pencil.

ûªy®Ωí¬ é¬E´¤y (àüÁjØ√ °æE îËÆæ’h-†o-°æ¤púø’)

Q. Smell, odour

Q.

491

A. "Can you understand English?" He said to hersentenceEnglish IS- He asked her if she could understand English.

A. It's hot, don't touch it.

A. Hurry up.

-Ççí∫x-¶μ«-≠æ-ù

öÃO

¢ËúÕí¬ ÖçC, ´·ô’d-éÓ-´-ü¿’l (-û√-éπ-´ü¿’l).

A. I want to go to America- Correct.

ûËú≈ àN’öÀ? A. Smell = ¢√Ææ†; Odour = °∂æ÷õ„j† ¢√Ææ† Q. Shop Ê°®Ω’ ´·çü¿’ ÖçúË M/s Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ? A. M/s = Plural of Mr (Mister) = Ææ®ΩyX Q. Mrs Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ? A. Mrs - °∞¡x-®·† Çúø-¢√∞¡x Ê°®Ωx -´·ç-ü¿’ îËÍ®a °æ-ü¿ç.

sit

A. Don't watch the TV too long.

Q.

Ñ È®çúø’ ¢√é¬u™x àC éπÈ®èπ◊d?

2

was starting the next day. Q. Mani says, "I am ready" Mani says that she is ready report Mani said that she was ready Reporting verb present tense Reporting verb present reported speech tense or future

Ææ÷\™¸èπ◊ ¢Á∞Ïx õ„j¢˛’ Å®·uçC, ûÌçü¿-®Ωí¬ A†’.

Å-E, -Å-E -Åç-ö«ç. é¬-F -ÉçéÌéπ-JéÀ

A. It's time for School/ Time's up; eat fast. Q.

°æéπ\-¢√-úÕéÀ éÌçîÁç °ô’d (AØË-ô-°æ¤púø’)

-îËÊÆ-ô°æ¤p-úø’ Å-E éπ-üΔ- Å-Ø√-L? †’ ™ á°æ¤púø’ ¢√úøû√ç? Q. éÌçîÁç ÊÆ°æ¤ °æúø’éÓ. ™ Öçõ‰ ™ A. Lie down for sometime. ´÷®Ω ü Δ? Q. ´·çü¿’í¬ £æ«Ùç ´®Ω’\ ®√Ææ’-èπ◊E, ûª®√yûª Çúø’-éÓ-´-ú≈-A. éÌEo ØÁ©© ûª®√yûª/ éÌçîÁç Æ洒ߪ’ç ûª®√yûª/ EéÀ §Ú. éÌEo ®ÓV© ûª®√yûª ´’†ç ´‚úÓ ´’E≠œéÀ report A. Do the homework first and then go out to îËߪ÷Lq†°æ¤púø’, Mani says ņç éπüΔ? (an play. hour/ two days/ some time ago) Mani said Q. *®Ω’-AçúÕ áèπ◊\-´í¬ A†èπ◊. ÅØË Åçö«ç éπüΔ? (Mani says two days ago A. Don't eat too much of snacks. A. give him/ her some (of what you're eating)

Don't watch the TV too long K.Ramesh Rao, Nagarjuna Sagar Q. Please give list of Vocabulary kangaroo words for the benefit of readers. eg: market= mart, spoil= soil etc..., A. A Kangaroo word has in its spelling, a smaller word which is its synonym. Devilish - evil, lineage - line, Destruction - ruin, Nourished Nursed, Instructor - tutor, Curtail - cut, Assured - sure, Deceased - dead, Falsities lies, Deliberate - Debate, variegated - varied, Pantaloons - Pants, Satisfied - sated, Instantaneously - instantly, Boundaries Bounds and so goes the list.

Åçûª N©’´ îËߪ’E, Çéπ-®Ω{-ùÃ-ߪ’çí¬ ûªßª÷-®Ω’-îË-Æœ† ´Ææ’h-´¤©’ – éÌEo ®ÓV© Å©ç-é¬-®√-EéÀ, ¢√úø-é¬-EéÀ °æE-éÌîËa ´Ææ’h-´¤©’ Passing cloud - ûË™‰ ¢Ë’°∂æ’ç – ´®Ω{ç èπ◊®Ω-´-EC. Phonetics = ã ¶μ«≠æ-™ E ´÷ô©/ ¨¡¶«l© Öî√a®Ωù MV Subramanyam, Chillakur ûÁLÊ° ¨»ÆæYç Big burn - big = °ü¿l, burn = é¬L† í¬ßª’ç. Ñ éÀçC ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™  ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ. Q. îªü¿’-´¤ûª÷ ®√®·. A. Read as you write. È®ç-úÕçöÀF éπL-°œûË ´îËa °æü¿ç ™‰ü¿’. Q. ®√ÊÆ-ô-°æ¤púø’ îªü¿’´¤ A. Readout when you write. Afford = é̆-í∫-©-í∫úøç/ ê®Ω’a °ôd-í∫-©-í∫úøç, I can't afford a car. Q. öÃO îª÷Ææ÷h A†-´ü¿’l. Affordable = é̆-í∫-L-T†. Affordable prices = A. Don't watch the TV while you eat. é̆-í∫-L-T† üμ¿®Ω©’. Q. AØË-ô-°æ¤púø’ öÃO îª÷úø-´ü¿’l.and so goes the list. Ring master = Circus ™ ïçûª’-´¤©Ø√úÕç-îªúøç, A. Don't eat while you watch the TV. Éûª®Ω NØ√u-≤ƒ-©†÷ îË®·çîË ¶«üμ¿u-ûª-©’†o circus éπ∞«- Q. AØË-ô-°æ¤púø’ ´÷ö«x-úø-´ü¿’l. é¬-®Ω’úø’. A. Don't talk while you eat. Ecotourism = °æ®Ωu-ô-èπ◊©’, °æ®√u-´-®Ω-ù«-EéÀ £æ…E éπL¶„jé˙ áèπ◊\. A. Get up on the bike. Tç-îªE Nüμ¿çí¬ E®Ωy-£œ«çîË N£æ…®Ω v°æߪ÷-ù«©’ Q. Q. ¶„jé˙ Cí∫’. A. Get off the bike. (Holiday tours); ´·êuçí¬ °æ®Ωu-ô-èπ◊©’ îÁLxçîË Q. ߪ ‚ E§∂ ƒ ç ¢Ë Æ æ ’ éÓ. A. Wear your uniform. úø•’s éÌçûª °æ®√u-´-®Ωù °æJ-®Ω-éπ~-ùèπ◊ ¢√úË °æü¿l¥-A™ Q. ߪ ‚ E§∂ ƒ ç N°p®·u. A. Take off the uniform. Picket = 1) Ææ¢Á’t ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’-†o-°æ¤púø’ ÆæçÆæn, factory Q. à à Ææ ¶ „ b è π ◊ d © ’ £æ « Ùç ´®Ω ’ \ Éî√a®Ω’? ™EéÀ á´®Ω÷ ¢Á∞¡x-èπ◊çú≈ Ç°æúøç. 2) üˆo-®·Ø√ Ææç®Ω-éÀ~ç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ Eߪ’-N’çîË A. In which subjects do you have homework. ÂÆjE-èπ◊©/police © •%çü¿ç. Q. £æ«Ùç ´®Ω’\ °æ‹Jh-îË-¨»¢√? out post: 1) ¨¡vûª’-´¤© éπü¿-L-éπ†’ í∫´’-Eç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ A. Have you done/ finished your homework? ´·êu ÂÆjEéπ ≤ƒn´®Ωç †’ç* ü¿÷®Ωçí¬ ÖçúË Q. Í®°æ¤ Ææ÷\™¸ ÖçüΔ? ÂÆj†u N¶μ«í∫ç. Å™« ü¿÷®Ωçí¬ ÖçúË *†o A. Do you have school tomorrow? Police stations. Q. £æ«Ùç ´®Ω’\ ¢Á·ü¿-©’-°ô’d. 2) ´÷®Ω’´‚© ví¬´’ v§ƒçû√™x ÖçúË *†o A. Start doing/ begin your homework. police Station/ ¶μº´† Ææ´·-üΔߪ’ç. Q. N’T-L† £æ«Ùç ´®Ω’\ á°æ¤púø’ ®√≤ƒh´¤? Big furn - Ñ ´÷ô áéπ\ú≈ ™‰ü¿’. A. When will you do the rest of the HW?

Q.

ņç éπüΔ?) Å°æ¤púø’ reporting verb éπ*aûªçí¬ past tense Å´¤-ûª’çC éπüΔ? ´’†ç É™«çöÀ N≠æA. Finish your studies ߪ÷™x Ö†o E•ç-üμ¿-†-©†’ Å®Ωnç îÁúø-èπ◊çú≈ ÖçúË early and then go to ´®ΩÍé §ƒöÀ≤ƒhç. E•ç-üμ¿-†© ´©x Å®Ωnç îÁúÕ-§ÚßË’ bed. v°æ´÷ü¿ç Öçõ‰ E•ç-üμ¿-†-©†’ ´C-™‰≤ƒhç. Q. ´’éÀ\éÀ ´’éÀ\ vö«-Ø˛q-™‰ö¸ Ééπ\úø exercise/ exam ™ Mani says ÅE îËߪ’èπ◊. Öçõ‰ Åéπ\úø says present tense Å´¤-ûª’çC M.SURESAN A. Don't translate word Å-ØË-C í∫´’-Eç-î√L. NúÕí¬ ´’†ç á°æ¤púÓ îÁ°æ¤p-èπ◊†o to word. N≠æߪ’ç Å®·ûË said ÅØË Åçö«ç. Q. öÃO éÌçîÁç ≤˘çú˛ °ç. Q. Would, Could †’ present tense ™ spoken A. Raise the volume. English ™ áèπ◊\-´í¬ ¢√úø-û√®Ω’. ÅN á°æ¤púø’ Q. v°∂œñ ¸-úÓ®˝ áèπ◊\´ÊÆ°æ¤ BÆœ Öçîªèπ◊. ¢√ú≈L? How could he? So could I OöÀ Å®Ωnç A. Don't keep the fridge open too long. àN’öÀ? ᙫ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-î√L? Q. ؈’ áèπ◊\´ÊÆ°æ¤ Éçéπ Ééπ\úø Öçúø-™‰†’. A. Å´¤†’. would †’ ´·êuçí¬ 1) wish ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ 2) Question ®Ω÷°æç™ Ö†o requests ûÁL-Ê°çA. I can't stay here any more. ü¿’èπ◊ (Would you lend me your book?) 3) Q. Åûªúø’ ´Ææ÷h Öçúø-´îª’a. ( doubt + present conOffers èπ◊ (Would you have some coffee?), 4) tinuous) àüÁjØ√ îËÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊ ´’† É≥ƒdE≥ƒd©†’ ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊, A. He may be coming. like/ love/ hate/ prefer ûÓ (I would love to Q. Åûªúø’ ´Ææ÷h ÖçúÕ Öçúø-´îª’a.(doubt + past conhear her sing)- É™« present tense ™ tinuous) ¢√úøû√ç. A. He might have been coming. Could present tense ™ ¢√úøéπç– 1) possibility Q. Åûªúø’ ûª°æpéπ ´Ææ÷h Öçö«úø’.(Must + present (≤ƒüμ¿uûª) ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ (Be careful. He could continuous) defeat you = Åûªúø’ E†’o ãúÕç-a ñ«ví∫ûªh). A. He must be coming. 2) Question ®Ω÷°æç™ Åûªuçûª ´’®√uü¿í¬ (would Q. Åûªúø’ ûª°æpéπ ´Ææ÷h ÖçúÕ Öçö«úø’.( Must + past éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\-´í¬) request îËÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊. °çü¿-™«úË îªü¿’-´¤-èπ◊E °æúø’éÓ.

continuous)

Could you lend me some money (please)?

A. He must have been coming. Q.

Å™«Íí

doubt + future continuous.

A. He may be coming/ coming. Q.

Å™«Íí

He will perhaps

be

Must + Future continuous.

A. He must be coming. K. Kamala, Vizianagaram Q. Direct and Indirect Imperative sentence

speech

N≠æ-ߪ’ç™– Åçõ‰ Çïc©’, Ŷμºu-®Ωn-†©’, Åúø-í∫úøç ÅØ√o®Ω’. Ñ Åúø-í∫-ú≈-EéÀ Ææç-•ç-Cμç-* éÌEo ¢√é¬u©’ îÁ°æpçúÕ.

(é¬Ææh úø•’s Å°œp-≤ƒh®√?) – É™«. OöÀ í∫’Jç* N´®Ωçí¬ OöÀéÀ Ææç•ç-Cμç-*† lessons ™ îª÷úøçúÕ.Q. Phrasal verbs -Å-Eoç--öÀéÀ Å®√n© ’ úÕéπ{-†-K™ üÌ®Ω-éπúøç ™‰ü¿’. Put off, put on, put through, put up, put up with -É-™«ç-öÀ -¢√-öÀ Å®Ωnç, Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç ûÁ©’Ææ’éÓ-´-úø-¢Á’-™«? A. Cambridge International Phrasal Verbs

Dictionary

of

´’ç* Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í∫-éπ®Ω °æ¤Ææhéπç. üΔE Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç BÆæ’-éÓçúÕ.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

-´’çí∫-∞¡-¢√®Ωç 26 -Çí∫Ææ’d 2008A.Sudhakar, Bhiknur Please define these words: Surrealism, existentialism, impressionism, symbolism, puritanism, naturalism, realism, transcendentalism, multiculturalism. A. All these words are related to art, literature and philosophy. Surrealism = A style of art and literature in the 20th Century. In this type of art and literature unconnected things are shown in combination, as in a dream, to express what's happening in some body's mind

(Ñ ¨ÎjL ´®Ωg*-vû√™x, ≤ƒ£œ«-ûªuç™, ´’† £æ«%ü¿ßª÷çûª®√-∞«™x ïJÍí ¶μ«¢√-©†÷, Ç™-îª-†-©†÷ °æ®Ω-Ææp®Ω Ææç•ç-üμ¿ç™‰E ´Ææ’h-´¤-©†’, ü¿%¨»u-©†÷, éπ©™x™« éπL°œ îª÷°æ¤û√®Ω’.) Existentialism = Åí∫´’uíÓîª-®Ω-¢Á’i† Ñ v°æ°æçîªç™ Å®Ωnç ¢ÁAÍé •ü¿’©’, ûª´’ Ωu-©èπ◊ û√¢Ë’ ¶«üμ¿’u-©-´’E ¢√CçîË ûªûªyç (Philosophy). Impressionism: Again a term from art = *vûªéπ-∞¡èπ◊, ´·êuçí¬ ûÁj©-´®Ωg *vû√-©èπ◊ Ææç•ç-Cμç-*çC– ®Ωçí∫’© (colours) ûÓ ®Ωçí∫’© îμ√ߪ’© (shades of colour) ûÓ ´’E≠œ ¶μ«¢√-©†’, ÖüËy-í¬-©†’ îª÷°æ-úøç, ´’E≠œ ¢Á·£æ«ç™ Ç ¶μ«¢√©’ îª÷°æ-úøç •ü¿’©’.

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ A.

Å™«çöÀ rule àO’ ™‰ü¿’. Suffixes ≤ƒ-üμΔ®Ω-ùçí¬ ´÷ô© parts of speech †’ ´÷®Ω’-≤ƒh®·. à ´÷ôûª-®√yûª à suffix †’ îËJÊÆh à part of speech -Å´¤-ûª’ç-ü¿-ØËC, 1) Ç ´÷ô à ¶μ«≠æ-†’ç* English ™éÀ ´*açD, 2) Öî√a-®Ω-ù«-≤˘-©¶μºuç (ease of pronunciation) †’ •öÀd Öçô’çC. éÌEo nouns †’ verbs í¬ ´÷Í®a examples:

Q.

Note - notify; sanctity- sanctify; solid-solidify; beauty- beautify.

Q.

Adjectives verbs examples: wide - widen; broad - en; weak - en; dead - en; etc list

A. If you lose sight of your goal, victory shall never be yours.

†’

T.Satyanarayana, Vempadu

í¬ ´÷Í®a

É™« îÁ°æ¤p-èπ◊ç-ô÷-§ÚûË Â°ü¿l Å´¤-ûª’çC. *´®Ω er, or, ar ©ûÓ à®Ωp-úø’-ûª’Ø√o®·. OöÀéÀ à¢Á’iØ√ ®Ω÷™¸ Öçõ‰ ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫©®Ω’. A. Å™«çöÀ rule Åçô÷ àç ™‰ü¿’. Å®·ûË t *´-®Ω-´îËa ¨¡¶«l-©èπ◊ áèπ◊\-´í¬ '--or' ´Ææ’hçC. N’í∫û√ letters b, d, g, m, n, etc., *´-®Ω-´îËa¢√öÀéÀ, '-er' îË®Ω’≤ƒhç. Å®·ûË ÉC èπÿú≈ ÅEoîÓö«x-é¬ü¿’. '-ar' ´îËaC î√-™« ûª-èπ◊\´. ÅC, '-er', '-or' ™«çöÀ agent noun suffix é¬ü¿’. English ¶μ«≥ƒ-°æ-J-ù«-´’ç™ ã v°ævéÀߪ’ üΔy®√ ´îËa-ü¿C. Q. Agent nouns

ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ v°æ¨¡o©’ áEo ®Ω鬩’, ÅN àN’öÀ? ¢√öÀE à Nüμ¿çí¬ classify îË≤ƒh®Ω’? äéÌ\éπ\ question word ûÓ áEo ®Ωé¬-©’í¬ v°æ¨¡o©’ Åúø-í∫-´îÓa ûÁL-ߪ’ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’. v°æûËu-éπçí¬ question patterns °j† °æ¤Ææhéπç à¢Á’iØ√ Öçõ‰ ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’. A. English ™ two types of questions- 1) 'Wh'

-Ççí∫x-¶μ«-≠æ-ù

492

Q. Suffixes - fy - en ish adjectives nouns adjectives

™«çöÀ ¢√öÀûÓ Nouns †’ verb í¬ ´÷®Ωa-ú≈-EéÀ, ™«çöÀ suffix ûÓ nouns †’ í¬ ´÷®Ωa-ú≈-EéÀ à¢Á’iØ√ ®Ω÷©’ ÖçüΔ? †’ Ç N-üμ¿çí¬ verbs í¬, ™‰üΔ àßË’ í¬ ´÷®Ωa-´îÓa ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’. eg: strength - strengthen, threat - threaten, specify, electrify, satisfy etc.,

Q.

©é~¬uEo ´C-L-°-úÕ-ûË Nïߪ’ç F ü¿J-üΔ-°æ¤-™xéÀ ®√ü¿’. üμ¿®Ωtç Åçõ‰ éπ®Ωh´uç, °æ®√-ߪ’-ùûª, ÆæüΔ-î√®Ωç.

A. Duty is devotion and adopting a good means to a good end Q.

E®Ωç-ûª®Ωç v¨¡N’ç-îË-¢√-úÕE îª÷Æœ ãôN’ ¶μºßª’-°æ-úø’ûª’çC.

Q. Q. Q. Q. Q. Q.

Éûª-®Ω’-©Â°j †´’téπç û√û√\-Léπç. F°j Fèπ◊-†oC ¨»¨¡yûªç.

àC û√ØÁj Fü¿-JéÀ îË®Ωü¿’. ¨Cμç*, ≤ƒCμç-î√L.

鬩ç FéÓÆæç Çí∫-ü¿E ûÁLÊ° ≤ƒüμ¿†ç í∫úÕ-ߪ÷®Ωç.

A. The clock is a device that reminds you that time waits for none.

(≤ƒ†’-èπÿ-©-¢Á’i†)

éÀçC °æüΔ-©èπ◊ Å®√n-©†’ ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ. Q. Handling charges A.

à ´Ææ’h´¤©ÈéjØ√ ´’† order •’é˙ îËÆæ’èπ◊E ¢√öÀE îË®Ω-¢Ë-ÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊, v°æߪ÷-ù«-©èπ◊ tickets book îËÊÆçü¿’èπ◊ company ©’ ´Ææ÷©’ îËÊÆ ®Ω’Ææ’ç.

A. Your faith in others is fleeting. Your faith in yourself is lasting. Q.

A. Restraint A. Favourable A. Understanding A. Sensation A. Background A. Rage (against some one/ some thing)

A.V. Subba Rao, Oripenta

A. Defeat dreads the ever industrious. Q.

Ææçߪ’-´’†ç ≤ƒ†’-èπÿ-©ûª Å´-í¬-£æ«† Ææçîª-©†ç ØË°æü∑¿uç E°æ¤p©’ îÁ®Ω-í∫úøç

Q. Osteoporosis A.

´ßª’Ææ’ Â°j•-úøôç ´©x, á´·-éπ©’ í∫’©xí¬, °∞¡Ÿ-Ææ’í¬ ûªßª÷-®ΩßË’u ¢√uCμ.

Q. Ether A.

ûËL-éπí¬ ÇN-È®j§ÚßË’ äéπ ®Ω≤ƒ-ߪ’† vü¿´ç– ®Óí∫’-©èπ◊ ´’ûª’h ûÁ°œpç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ¢√úø-û√®Ω’.

Q. Down town

Nothing comes to you on its own Q. Go there, go over there

Q.

Ñ È®çúÕçöÀ ûËú≈†’

ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ. Åéπ\-úÕéÀ ¢Á∞¡Ÿx/- ¢Á-∞¡x-úøç. Go over there = ÉC-èπÿú≈ Åéπ\-úÕéÀ ¢Á-∞¡x-úø¢Ë’, Å®·ûË Åéπ\-úÕéÀ ¢Á∞Ïxçü¿’èπ◊ àüÁjØ√ üΔöÀ¢Á∞¡x-úøç–- äéπ í∫C-ØÓ/ ã v°æüË-¨»ØÓo/ ã Ü®Ω’ØÓ/ ã †-CØÓ/ ã Ææ´·-vüΔØÓo -üΔ-öÀ é¬-´-a.

Q. M.SURESAN

a) Please go over to the director in the next room =

°æéπ\-í∫-C™ Ö†o ¢Á∞¡xçúÕ– (í∫C- üΔöÀ ¢Á∞«xL)

director

ü¿í∫_-JéÀ

US for better opportunities. c) Go over there and see what's happening =

G. Narsing rao, Adilabad.

éÀç-C-¢√-öÀE -Éç-Tx-≠ˇ-™ -à-´’ç-ö«®Ó -ûÁ-L-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’í∫-©®Ω’. Q. í∫´’uç Æœn®Ωçí¬ Öçú≈L. ´÷®Ω_ç éπ*a-ûªçí¬ E®Ωg-®·ç-éÓ-¢√L. v°æߪ’ûªoç ®√@-™‰E üμÓ®Ω-ùÀ™ ≤ƒí¬L. Å°æ¤púË Nïߪ’ç ´’†-ü¿-´¤-ûª’çC. A. Have your goal fixed. Fix the means to accomplishing it. Pursue it unwaveringly. Victory shall be yours.

A.

´’ûª-¢Ë’-üÁj-ûËØËç ´’E≠œ ´’ç*¢√úÁjûË î√©’.

A. What religion a person is not important. His goodness is.

A. Go there =

Åéπ\-úÕ-éÀ-¢ÁRx (ÉçéÓ-îÓ-ô’/ -í∫-C/- Ü®Ω’, etc 鬴a) àç ï-®Ω’-í∫’-ûÓçüÓ îª÷úøçúÕ. Q. Dictionary ™ outwit èπ◊ Å®Ωnç get the better of Questions- starting with 'Wh' words. (What, by being more intelligent ÅE ®√¨»®Ω’. Ééπ\úø of When, Where, Who, Whom, Whose, Which by È®çúø’ prepositions äÍéîÓô ´î√a®·. É™« and Why) - the answers to these questions äÍé-îÓô È®çúø’ prepositions Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-îª-´î√a? are statements. àßË’ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-îª-´îÓa N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. 2) Non-Wh Questions- °j 'Wh' ´÷ô™-ûÓ v§ƒ®Ωç¶μºç é¬EN (am, is, are, was, were, can, A. î√™«ØË ÖØ√o®·, ´·êuçí¬ phrasal verbs ¢√úË-ôcould, shall, should, will, would, etc ûÓ v§ƒ®Ωç°æ¤púø’ a) You don't know who passed by in ¶μº-´’-ßË’uN)– OöÀéÀ answers, yes or no. your absence b) I am signing in by ten tomorÉçûªéπçõ‰ ¢ËÍ® questions patterns ™‰´¤. OöÀØË row. É™« á†oØ√o ®√´-a-éπüΔ? É´Fo áèπ◊\´ Ææçü¿-®√s¥Eo •öÀd ´÷Ja ´÷Ja Åúø’-í∫’-ûª’çö«ç. phrasal verbs, idioms, ûª®√yûª, passive voice Q. ''؈’ ÉçTx≠ˇ öÃ˝ Å®·-†çûª ´÷vû√-† ÉçTx≠ˇ ™ ®√´îª’a. °æü¿-ñ«-©-´’çû√ ûÁL-ߪ÷-©E àO’ ™‰ü¿’.—— DEE The disease he was cured off by the doctor ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ᙫ îÁ§ƒp™ ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’. was typhoid. àüÁj-¢Á’iØ√, Ææçü¿®Ωs¥ç ´*a-†-°æ¤púø’, A. Just/ simply because I am an English teacher ´’†èπ◊ ûÁ-L-ߪ’-èπ◊ç-ú≈ØË, É™«ç-öÀN correct í¬ØË ¢√úø’I can't be expected to know the whole vocabûª ’çö«ç. ulary in English./ That I am an English teacher is no reason why I should know all the words in English.

A. We savour only those victories we struggle to accomplish.

Q.

b) Many young Indians are going over to the

Q.

§Ú®√úÕ ≤ƒCμç-*† Nïߪ÷™‰ ´’†èπ◊ Åûªuçûª v°œßª’-¢Á’i-†N.

A. Nothing comes to you on its own. You should go after it and achieve it.

Symbolism: In art and literature using symbols to convey ideas.

*£æ…o©’/ í∫’®Ω’h©ûÓ ¶μ«¢√©†÷, Ææç°∂æ’-ô-†©†÷ ûÁ©°æ-úøç– ´’®Ω-ù«Eo ûÁ-LÊ°çü¿’èπ◊ ÇJ-§Ú-ûª’†o D°æç-™«çöÀ ¢√öÀûÓ, N≥ƒ-üΔEéÀ ¢Á÷úø’-¢√-J-†ô’x îª÷°æ-úøç ™«çöÀC. Puritanism: Q©ç, v°æ´-®Ωh†, †úø-´úÕ N≠æ-ߪ÷-©™ áô’-´çöÀ ûª°œp-üΔEo éπ~N’ç-îª-™‰éπ§Ú´-úøç/ ¢√öÀ N≠æ-ߪ÷©ûÓ ÅAí¬, éπ*aûªçí¬ Öçúøôç. Naturalism: ´Ææ’h-´¤-©†’, ´uèπ◊h-©†’ ÅN/ ¢√∞¡⁄} ÖçúË Nüμ¿çí¬/ Ææ£æ«ïçí¬ îª÷°æ-úøç/ *vAç-îª-úøç. Realism: Ææç°∂æ ’-ô-†-©†’, ´uèπ◊h-©†’ ¢√Ææh´ ®Ω÷°æç™, ´·êuçí¬ ÅØ√-£æ…xü¿éπ®Ω-¢Á’i† N≠æ-ߪ÷-©†÷ Å™«Íí îª÷°æ-úøç. (ÆœE-´÷™x ¨¡´-ü¿-£æ«† ü¿%¨»u©÷, vèπÿ®Ω£æ«ûªu©’ ™«çöÀN Ææ£æ«ïçí¬ ïJÍí B®Ω’™ îª÷°æ-úøç DEéÀ ÖüΔ-£æ«-®Ωù) Transcendentalism: Çûªt-ñ«c†ç/ Çûªt-v°æ-¶-üμ¿çûÓ Ææû√u-ØËy-≠æù îËߪ’-úøç. Multiculturalism: Gμ†o ÆæçÆæ \ %-ûª’© éπ©-®·éπ ´’ç*-ü¿ØË ûªûªyç.

2

Nü¿u Åçõ‰ Åéπ~®Ω ñ«c†ç é¬ü¿’. ÆæÈ®j† C¨¡†’ îª÷Ê°üË Nü¿u.

A. Mere literacy is not education. Real education defines your direction. Q.

Ñ @Nûªç Å°æ‹®Ωy ´®Ωç. üΔEE îªJ-û√®Ωnç îËÆæ’éÓ.

A. Life is a great boon. Make it worthwhile. Q.

v°æA Ææ´’Ææu °æJ-≥ƒ\-®Ωç-™†’ éÌûªh Ææ´’-Ææuèπ◊ Hïç Öçô’çC.

A. In the solution to a problem lies the seed of a new problem. Q.

áûªh-®·† Pê-®√-EéÀ îË®√-©çõ‰ ûª©-´ç* ´·çü¿’èπ◊ ≤ƒí¬L.

A. To scale a high peak you have to bend your head and proceed. Q.

áçûªöÀ Pê-®Ω-¢Á’i-Ø√ ØË© †’çîË v§ƒ®Ωç¶μºç.

A. Even the highest peak has its base on the ground. M. Rangaiah, Illendu

éÀçC °æ-üΔ-©-†’ -Éç-Tx-≠ˇ-™ -à-´’ç-ö«®Ω’? Q. ÅGμ-¢√ü¿ç A. Salutation/ obeisance Q. áüËl´ A. Mockery/ ridicule Q. áçúø-í∫-ôd-úøç A. Expose Q. ÆæpçCçîªúøç A. Respond Q. °æ®√-´’-Jzç-îªúøç A. Enquire about/ after (some one's well-being) Q.

§ƒ®Ω-ü¿-®Ωz-éπûª Q. í∫J|ç-îªúøç Q. °æ¤çúø’ Q. í∫ rel="nofollow">b Q. ≤ƒ®√稡ç

A. Transparency A. Deplore A. Sore A. Scabies

äéπ †í∫®Ωç™E ¢√u§ƒ®Ω v°æü˨¡ç– E¢√Ææ Ææn™«-EéÀ Gμ†oçí¬. Q. K.G. Basin Åçõ‰ éπ%≠æg, íÓüΔ-´J ¶‰Æ œØ˛– éπÈ®-ÍédØ√? A. Krishna Godavari Basin- Ç †ü¿’© °æK-¢√-£æ«éπ v§ƒçûªç. Ç †ü¿’©èπ◊ È®çúø’¢Áj°æ¤™« ÖçúË v§ƒçûªç (Åçü¿’-™E *†o-*†o à®Ω’©’ Ç †ü¿’™x éπ©’Ææ÷h) Q. campaign A. Öü¿u´’ç Q. carnival A. Ææç•®Ωç/ ¢Ëúø’éπ/ ¢Ë’∞« Q. catchment area A. äéπ †C/ Ææ®ΩÆæ’q™éÀ ´®Ω{ç F®Ω’ v°æ´-£œ«çîË v§ƒçûªç. Q. saga A. O®Ω’© ≤ƒ£æ«Ææí¬ü∑¿ Q. Inflow A. †ü¿’-™ xéÀ ´®√{© ´©x ´*a îËÍ® F®Ω’. Q. Shade-shadow ûËú≈ àN’öÀ? A. Shade = áçúø/ ¢Á©’ûª’®Ω’ °æúøE îÓô’. Shadow = Fúø Q. Just do it A. Ç °æE îËÂÆß˝’/ ´÷ö«x-úøèπ◊çú≈ °æE îª÷úø’. Q. Just like that A. üΔE™«í¬ØË/ ÅC ÅçûË/ àüÓ -Å™«. Q. Hands free A. Telephone ™«çöÀ °æJ-éπ-®√©†’ îËûÓh °æô’d-éÓ-èπ◊çú≈ ¢√úøí∫© Ææü¿’-§ƒßª’ç. Q. Kitty party A. Åçü¿®Ω÷ îªçüΔ-™‰-Ææ’-èπ◊E îËÆæ’èπ◊ØË party Q. Kitty Bank A. Ê°é¬-ô™ Åçü¿®Ω÷ °æùçí¬ Â°õ‰d úø•’s ¢Á·ûªhç – ÈíL-*-†¢√∞¡Ÿx BÆæ’-èπ◊-ØËC Q. •£æ›-´·ê v°æñ«c-¨»L ÅØË-üΔ-EéÀ Multifaced or Multifaceted àC éπÈ®èπ◊d? A. Versatile genius. Multi faced =

î√™« ´·ë«©’ Ö†o. î√™« ¢Áj°æ¤-©’†o. A multifaceted problem = NNüμ¿/ •£æ› Å稻©’†o Ææ´’Ææu Q. Norms A. v°æ´÷-ù«©’ (Standards). Multi faceted =

A. Summary/ Sum and substance/ Gist/ Synopsis

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

í∫’®Ω’-¢√®Ωç 28 -Çí∫Ææ’d 2008-

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛

Akarsh: Hello, is this 6454406 please?

ûÁL-ÆœçüË. Å®·ûË ÊÆo£œ«-ûª’© ´’üµ¿u ¶«í¬ ’-´¤†o ¢√JûÓ free í¬ØË ´÷ö«x-úøû√ç. Å™«çöÀ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x Vishal: Yes, who is speaking please? É°æ¤púø’ ´’†ç ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-¶ßË’ N≠æ-ߪ÷©’ °æöÀdç--éÓ-†(Å´¤†’, ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’-†o-üÁ-´-®ΩçúŒ?) éπ\-®Ω-™‰ü¿’. ´’†-éπçûª °æJ-îªßª’ç ™‰E-¢√-∞¡xûÓ phone ™ Akarsh: I am Akarsh. May I speak to Niriksh? ´÷ö«x-úË-ô-°æ¤púø’– (؈’ Çéπ®˝{†’. EKé˙~ûÓ ´÷ö«x-úÌî√a?) 1. ´’† voice (íÌçûª’) î√™« clear í¬ Öçú≈L. Vishal: Sorry. He's just gone out. (He) won't be 2. ´’†ç îÁÊ°pC Eü∆-†çí¬ äéÓ\-´÷ô Ææp≠ædçí¬ N†back for an hour. °æ-úË™« ´÷ö«x-úøôç ´’ç*C. Å™«-é¬-éπ-§ÚûË Å´-ûª(≤ƒK. ûªE-°æ¤púË •ßª’-öÀ-Èé-∞«xúø’. äéπ- í∫ç-ô-èπ◊L-¢√-∞¡xèπ◊ ÆæJí¬ N†-°æ-úøéπ repeat îËߪ÷-Lqí¬F AJ-T-®√úø’.) ´-Ææ’hçC. ÅC waste of valuable phone time. Akarsh: May I know who is speaking? 3. Å´-ûª-L-¢√∞¡Ÿx îÁÊ°pC ´’†ç ã°œí¬_ N†o ûª®√yûË (á´®Ω’ ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ó ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-´î√a?) ÆæpçCç-î√L. Vishal: I am Vishal, Niriksh's elder brother. ´’†-éπç-ü¿-Jéà ûÁL-Æœ† N≠æߪ’ç ÉçéÌ-éπöÀ: ¶µ«®Ω-Bߪ’ Anything important, Akarsh? ¶µ«≠æ™x éπçõ‰ English ™ Thanks (éπ%ûª-ïcûª), Sorry (؈’ Niriksh ņo N¨»-™¸†’. à´’Ø√o (éπ~´÷-°æù) If you don't mind (´’®Ó™« ņ’-éÓ-èπ◊çõ‰/ ´·êu-¢Á’i† N≠æ-ߪ’´÷?) Ŷµºuç-ûª®Ωç ™‰éπ-§ÚûË) May I... (´’®√u-ü¿í¬ Åúø-í∫ôç) Akarsh: Yes, it is. I am his classmate. We have ûª®Ω-îª’í¬ ¢√úøû√ç. ÉN phone conversation ™ éπ*aan exam the day after and I want to ûªçí¬ §ƒöÀ≤ƒhç. Ééπ please N≠æߪ’ç îÁ°æp-†-éπ\-®Ω-™‰ü¿’ borrow a book from him. It's urgent. éπü∆. (Å´¤†’. ´·êu¢Ë’. ؈-ûª-úÕ classmate †’. ´÷èπ◊ á©’xç-úÕ äéπ °æKéπ~ ÖçC. Åûª-úÕ-†’ç* °æ¤Ææhéπç 鬢√L Ø√èπ◊. î√™« Å´-Ææ®Ωç.) (£æ«™, ÉC 6454406 -†ç-•Í®-Ø√?)

Vishal: I'm afraid you've to wait till he is back.

(Åûªúø’ AJ-íÌ-îËaçûª´®Ωèπÿ O’®Ω’ LqçüË Å†’-èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√o.)

wait

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù

îËߪ÷-

493

2

Sankar: I'm afraid you can't. He is busy/ He is attending a meeting/ He is in a meeting.

(Çߪ’-†ûÓ É°æ¤púø’ ´÷ö«x-úø™‰-Í®¢Á÷. Çߪ’† busy í¬ / meeting ™ ÖØ√o®Ω’.

Sujana: Sorry, I'm going out too. Is it important? I'll leave a message for her in that case.

Eswar: When is he likely to be free? Sankar: Sorry. No idea Sir. Could you ring up again after half an hour?

(ûÁL-ߪ’-ü¿çúŒ. ã °œ©’-≤ƒh®√?) Ring up = Phone îËߪ’úøç.

Å®Ω-í∫çô

ûª®√yûª

Eswar: Will he be available surely then?

(ûÁL-ߪ’-ü¿ç-úÕ. v°æߪ’-Aoç* îª÷úøçúÕ.) îª÷¨»-®Ω’-í∫ü∆ phone ´*a† ´uéÀh Åçü¿’-¶«-ô’™ ™‰†-°æ¤púø’ É™« ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’çC Ææ綵«-≠æù.

Vishal:

™ ´’†ç

(Åûª-úÕéÀ cell phone ™‰ü∆? Ç †ç•®˝ é¬Ææh í∫’®Ω’hç--éÓ-¢√-LqçC– ÆæÈ®j† number Íé phone É≤ƒh®√?) If he had one you would know it, as î˨»´÷ ™‰ü∆ ÅE E®√l¥-Jç-éÓ-´úøç. Åçü¿’-éπE, -´·ç-ü¿’í¬ you are classmates. (Åûª-úÕéÀ cell Öçõ‰ O’èπ◊ ûÁL-ߪ’-èπ◊çú≈ ´’†ç ÅØËC. Öçúø-ü¿’-éπü∆? O’®Ω’ classmates 鬕öÀd.) 1) Is it/ Is this (´’†ç-îËÊÆ

Akarsh: He was telling us he would buy one, so I thought he had.

(´÷ûÓ Åçô’-Ø√oúø’ ûª†’ éÌØ√o-úË¢Á÷ ņ’-èπ◊Ø√o.)

cell

éÌçö«-†E.

Vishal: No chance. Dad's against it.

(Ç v°æ¨Ïo-™‰ü¿’. ´÷Ø√†o ä°æ¤p-éÓ®Ω’.) Akarsh: Then could you pass on the message? Could you ask him to call me back as soon as he is home.

(Å®·ûË Ñ N≠æߪ’ç Åûª-úÕéÀ îÁ•’-û√®√? ÉçöÀéÀ ®√í¬ØË Ø√èπ◊ phone îÁߪ’u-´’E îÁ•’-û√®√?) Vishal: But I'm going out too, and no idea when I'll be back.

(؈÷ •ßª’-öÀ-Èé-∞¡Ÿ-ûª’Ø√o, á°æ¤púø’ AJ-íÌ-≤ƒhØÓ ûÁL-ߪ’ü¿’.)

O’®Ω’ phone îËÆœ† ´uéÀh É°æ¤púø’ Åçü¿’-¶«-ô’™ ™‰úø’ ÅE ´’®√u-ü¿í¬ ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ I'm afraid/ I'm sorry, ™«çöÀ expressions ¢√úÕûË î√™« ¶«í∫’ç-ô’çC. ÉO practise îËߪ’çúÕ. ´’Sx ÉC îª÷úøçúÕ.

phone con(English)

≤ƒüµ∆-®Ω-ùçí¬ versation

Sridevi: Is this 24111213 please? Srivalli: Yes. Who do you want please? M.SURESAN

™‰èπ◊çõ‰ ´’†ç ´÷ö«x-ú≈-©-†’-èπ◊-†o-¢√∞Ïx áû√h®√ ™‰ü∆ ÅE vüµ¿’OéπJç--èπ◊-ØËç-ü¿’èπ◊

(-Å-´¤-†’. á´®Ω’ 鬢√-©çúŒ O’èπ◊?) Sridevi: I wish to speak to Sripriya. Is she there? I am Sridevi.

number) ... Please? phone

Am I speaking to Niriksh, please? Is this Niriksh?

(éÌçîÁç ’-´¤í¬) (°j È®çúÕçöÀéà ŮΩnç– Øˆ’ ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’çC EK-é˙~ûÓ-ØËØ√?). DEéÀ phone receive îËÆæ’-èπ◊-†o-¢√∞¡x Ææpçü¿†: Yes, speaking. (ØËØË EKé˙~ ´÷ö«xúø’ûª’Ø√o) Who is this please? (O’È®-´-®ΩçúŒ?) May I know who is speaking? (´÷ö«x-úËüÁ´®Ó ûÁL-ߪ’-°æ-®Ω’-≤ƒh®√?) ÉN ¶«í¬ practise îËߪ’çúÕ. Now, look at the conversation below: Govind: Hello, can I speak to Mr. Gopal please?

(íÓ-§ƒ-™¸ûÓ ´÷ö«x-úÌî√a?)

(Å®·ûË Ñ ´÷ô îÁ°æ¤p. ®√í¬ØË ††’o éπ©´-´’E quiz èπ◊ prepare ÅßË’uç-ü¿’èπ◊.) Sujana: OK. I will write it down for her to see it as soon as she is back. (OK.

ûª†’ ®√í¬ØË îª÷ÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊ O©’í¬ ®√Ɯ°öÀd ¢Á∞¡-û√†’.) ÉC phone ´*a† ´uéÀh ™‰†-°æ¤púø’ ¢√JéÀ Ææ´÷î√®Ωç ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ message ®√Æœ, Öçîªúøç. Offices ™ °æE-îËÊÆ ¢√JéÀ ÉC î√™« ´·êuç. Official í¬ message ᙫ BÆæ’-éÓ-¢√™ ´îËa lesson ™ îª÷ü∆lç. í∫’®Ω’h-°-ô’d-éÓ-´-©-ÆœçC Opening the conversation: Hello, is this .... (number) please/ Is this (name of the person called)? / Am I speaking to (name of the person called)? / Can I speak to (name of the person called)? etc. Response to the above: Yes, (name of the person called) speaking, and who is this please? / May I know who is speaking?

Phone ´*a† ´uéÀhE °œ©-¢√-Lq-´*a, Å´-ûª-L-¢√-∞¡x†’ line (Xv°œ-ߪ’ûÓ ´÷ö«x-ú≈-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√o. Ç¢Á’ ™ ÖçúøçúÕ Å†úøç: Please hold on/ Please hold the line/ Could you hold on? etc. Öçü∆ Åéπ\úø?؈’ XüË-NE.)

Srivalli: She is out right now. (She is) expected back in two hours.

M. Srihari Babu, Ongole

éÀçC -¢√-öÀ-E ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ îÁ°æpçúÕ. Q. éÌçîÁç ûªèπ◊\´.

(v°æÆæ’hûªç Ç¢Á’ ™‰C-éπ\úø. È®çúø’ í∫çô© ûª®√yûª ®√´îªa-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√oç.) Can I take your message for her? (Ç¢Á’-Íé-´’Ø√o îÁ§ƒp™«?) Sridevi: I won't be able to call her again today. Please pass on this message to her. There is an important meeting tomorrow at 5 in the evening. She has to attend it without fail.

(É¢√∞¡ ´’Sx ØËØ√-¢Á’èπ◊ phone îËߪ’-™‰†’. Ñ ´÷ô ÇN-úøèπ◊ îÁ°æpçúÕ. Í®§Ú ´·êu-¢Á’i† Akarsh: (Is there) No one else at home? (á´-®ΩçúŒ ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’çC?) meeting ÖçC. ûª†’ ûª°æpéπ £æ…ï-®Ω-¢√y--L.) (Éçöx ÉçÈé-´®Ω÷ ™‰®√?) Govind: I am Govind here. (؈’ Govind) Srivalli: Sure. I'll tell her. (ûª°æpéπ îÁ•’-û√†’) Vishal: I'll do one thing. I will write out a mes- Ganesh: I'll call Gopal. Please hold on/ hold É™« phone ™ 鬢√-Lq† ´uéÀh ™‰†-°æ¤púø’ ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ sage for him and leave it here. Which the line while I call him. ûÁ L ß ª’°æ-®√a-Lqç-üË-´’Ø√o Öçõ‰ É™« ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’çC Ææ綵«number are you calling from please? (Gopal †’ °œ©’-≤ƒh†’. line ™ Öçúøç-úÕ.) ≠æù. É°æ¤púø’ Ñ Ææ綵«-≠æù îª÷úøçúÕ. (Å®·ûË ØËØÌéπ °æE-îË-≤ƒh†’. Ñ N≠æߪ’ç ®√Æœ- Govind: I'll wait. (Öçö«†’) °-úø-û√-E-éπ\úø. O’Í® number †’ç* phone îª÷¨»®Ω’éπü∆? line ™ ÖçúøçúÕ ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ please Supriya: Hello, I am Supriya here, can I speak îËÆæ’h-Ø√o®Ω’?) to Sulekha please? hold on/ hold the line Åçö«ç. Éçé¬Ææh ´’®√u-ü¿í¬ Akarsh: It is 2626267. It's urgent please. (؈’ Ææ’v°œßª’†’ ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’Ø√o. Sulekha ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ could you please hold (on)/ hold the Vishal: I understand. I'll see that he'll get back line? ÅE èπÿú≈ ņ-´îª’a. ûÓ ´÷ö«x-úÌî√a.) to you. äéπ-¢Ë∞¡ phone ´*a† ´uéÀh ÉçéÓ phone ™ Sujana: Hi Supriya. I am Sujana. Sister is out (Å®Ωn-¢Á’içC. ®√í¬ØË -O’èπ◊ phone îËÊÆ™« ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’çõ‰ visiting one of our aunts. (She) will be îª÷≤ƒh.) back only at 2. Could you just wait? He/ she is busy on Akarsh: Thank you. another line/ He is (busy) talking to someone (ØËØË Sujana, ´÷ Åéπ\ ´÷ aunt ¢√Rxçelse Åçö«ç. Vishal: You're welcome. öÀéÀ ¢ÁRxçC.) Ñ lesson ™ English ™ telephone conver- É°æ¤púø’ ÉC îª÷úøçúÕ. Supriya: Tell her to call me back when she sation ᙫ- îË-ߪ÷™ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊çü∆ç. Eswar: Hello, this is Eswar. Can I speak to gets home, with you. Sambhu? Phone conversation ´÷´‚©’ conversation (-Éç-öÀéÀ ®√í¬-ØË -Ø√èπ◊ -§∂Ú-Ø˛ -îË-ߪ’-´’-E ™« é¬èπ◊çú≈ é¬Ææh polite (´’®√u-ü¿-éπ-®Ωçí¬), formal í¬ (؈’ Eswar †’ ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’-Ø√o†’. ¨¡ç¶µº’ûÓ îÁ°æ¤p.) Öçú≈-©†o N≠æߪ’ç/ Öçô’ç-ü¿†o N≠æߪ’ç Åçü¿-Jéà ´÷ö«x-úÌî√a?) Ganesh: Who is speaking please?

Supriya: That's fine. The message is, that she should meet me as soon as she can so that we can prepare for the quiz ahead.

(Å°æ¤púø’ éπ*a-ûªçí¬ üÌ®Ω’-èπ◊-û√®√ Çߪ’†?) Sankar: Don't know sir. Just take a chance and see.

When is he likely to be fr ee? Akarsh: Hasn't he a cell? Could you give me the number?

(ÅßÁ÷u, ؈÷ •ßª’-öÀ-Èé-∞¡Ÿ-ûª’Ø√o. àçöÀ ÅüË´’Ø√o ´·êu´÷? Å™« Å®·ûË message ´CL ¢Á∞¡-û√™‰, ®√Æœ) Message- ¢√®Ωh/ N≠æߪ’ç/ Ææçü˨¡ç

(á°æ¤púø’ Çߪ’† BJí¬_ ÖçúÌa?)

A. This is a little less. Q.

éÌçîÁç áèπ◊\´.

A. This is a little too much/ more. Q.

ÅÆæ©’ ™‰ü¿’.

A. There isn't any at all. Q.

¶«í¬ áèπ◊\´.

A. (There is) too much of it. Q.

¶«í¬ ûªèπ◊\´.

A. (There is) too little of it. Q.

鬰∂‘™ ≠æflí∫®˝ ûªèπ◊\-´í¬ ÖçC.

A. The coffee has less sugar than I like. (The coffee could have a little more sugar.) Q.

áèπ◊\-´í¬ ÖçC.

A. There is more sugar than I like. Q.

éÌçîÁç áèπ◊\-´í¬ ÖçC.

A. There is a little more sugar than I like. Q.

ÅÆæ©’ ™‰ü¿’.

A. There is no sugar at all in the coffee. Q.

¶«í¬ áèπ◊\´.

A. There is too much of sugar in the coffee. Q.

¶«í¬ ûªèπ◊\-´í¬ ÖçC.

A. There is too little sugar in the coffee. Idiomatic take some more sugar.

í¬ îÁ§ƒp-©çõ‰ The coffee could (éÌçîÁç ûªèπ◊\´) The coffee is too sweet - ´’K áèπ◊\´. é¬Ææh

A little more sugar and the coffee could be fine etc.

é¬Ææh ûªèπ◊\´

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 31 -Çí∫Ææ’d 2008 Nagaraju, Srikakulam

éÀçC ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. Q. ÉC îª÷Æœ Åûªúø’ îªLç-*-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’. A. He was shaken/ moved at the sight. Q.

éπ†o-ûªLx Gúøf†’ Ţ˒t-Æœ† °∂æ’-ô† †í∫-®Ωç™ îÓô’îË-Ææ’-èπ◊çC.

A. The city was the scene of a mother selling off her own child. Q.

ÉC °æ©’-´¤-JE éπçô-ûªúÕ Â°öÀdç-*çC.

A. It brought tears to many. Q.

ûª©-éÀç-ü¿’-©’í¬ ûª°æÆæ’q îËÆœØ√ †’´¤y Ñ °æE îËߪ’-™‰´¤.

A. Try/ struggle as you might, you can never do it. Q.

Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ Q.

A. I am/ live near your office/ close to your office.

éÀçC ≤ƒ¢Á’-ûª-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. Q. èπ◊éπ\ é¬ô’èπ◊ îÁ°æ¤p-üÁ•s.

Q.

A. Tit for tat

؈’ O’ Ç°∂‘-Ææ’èπ◊ ü¿í∫_-®Ω-™ØË ÖØ√o†’. Åûªúø’ ü˨¡ç éÓÆæç ûª† Ææ®Ωy-≤ƒyFo û√uí∫ç î˨»úø’.

A. He sacrificed his all for the country. Q.

A. Fellow human being. Q.

ü˨¡ NüË-¨»™x ÅûªúÕ Ê°®Ω’ ´÷®Ω’ ¢Á÷-T-§Ú®·ç-C.

A. He is known at home and abroad. Q.

A. One swallow doesn't make summer Q.

A. You fall in the pit you dig for others.

éÓ®Ω’d Åûª-úÕ-éÀ ¶„®·™¸ ´’çW®Ω’ îËÆœçC.

A. The Court has granted him bail.

Q.

èπÿöÀ-éÓÆæç éÓöÀ Nü¿u©’.

Q.

Åûªúø’ éÓ®Ω’d †’ç* ÊÆd Ç®Ωf®˝ ü¿éÀ\ç--èπ◊-Ø√oúø’.

A. Dasera comes only once a year.

A. He obtained a stay order from the court.

Q.

Q..

Åûªúø’ °æC ©éπ~© ®Ω÷§ƒ-ߪ’©’ N®√-∞¡çí¬ Éî√aúø’.

A. He donated Rs. 10 Lakh.

v°æA ´’E-≠œéÀ äéπ Ææ´’-ߪ’-ç -´-Ææ’hçC. Q.- -âéπu-´’-ûªu-¢Ë’ -•-©ç. A. Unity is strength.

؈’ ûª©’--èπ◊çõ‰ à¢Á’iØ√ îËߪ’-í∫-©†’.

A. Once I decided to do/ think of doing something, I can do it. Q.

؈’ äéπ ö«È®_ö¸ °ô’d-èπ◊çõ‰ ÅC ´-®Ωèπ◊ try îË≤ƒh.

reach

ÅßË’u-

A. Once I set myself a target, I keep trying till I reach it/ I don't rest till I reach it. Q.

؈’ á´-J-ØÁjØ√ äéπ-≤ƒJ †´·t-û√†’. Ç †´’téπç Öç-èπ◊çõ‰ ûª°æp-èπ◊çú≈ help îË≤ƒh†’.

A. I trust any body just once. If I find them trustworthy, I definitely help them.

A. Every dog has his day. Q. English-English, English-Telugu

à dictionary í¬ Öçô’çüÓ ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. A. ÅC O’ English °æJ-ñ«c-Ø√Eo •öÀd Öçô’çC. O’®Ω’ English meanings Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-í∫-L-TûË English to

éÓúÕ í∫’úø’x °ôdúøç.

-

A. Hen laying eggs. Q.

îÁ®Ω-°æ-èπ◊®√ îÁúË´¤.

A. All struggle for a morsel of food.

°æ†’o NCµç-îªúøç

Q.

Q.

Q.

É©x-©-éπ-í¬ØË °æçúøí∫ é¬ü¿’.

Q.

Q.

A. Cat littering kitten.

¢Á·Ææ∞¡x

A. The worse is yet to come Q.

Ææ’v°‘ç-éÓ®Ω’d DE°j ÊÆd NCµç-*çC.

A. Impose/ Levy a tax

°œLx °œ©x©’ °ôdúøç.

´- ·çü¿’çC °æçúø’í∫.

A. Supreme Court has stayed this.

A. He is deep/ lost in his penance.

ü¿Ææ®√ Ææç´-ûªq-®√-EéÀ äÍé≤ƒJ ´Ææ’hçC.

Q.

≤ƒöÀ ´÷†-´¤úø’

Q.

Åûªúø’ ûª°æ-Ææ’q™ E´’-í∫o-¢Á’i-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’.

2

-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù

††’o á°æ¤púø’ ®Ω´’tç-ö«®Ω’?

A. When shall I come? / When do you want me to come?

494

advantage

U. Srinivas, Jarugumalli Q.

ÉçTx≠ˇ †’ç* ûÁ©’-í∫’-™éÀ ¢√é¬uEo ´÷Í®a-ô-°æ¤púø’ ™‰ü∆ ´÷ö«x-úË-ô-°æ¤púø’ éÌçûª ¶µ«´ç™ ûËú≈ ´Ææ’hçC. éπÈ®-èπ◊dí¬ ¶µ«¢√-EéÀ ÆæJ-°æ-úË-N-üµ¿çí¬ á™« frame îËÆæ’-éÓEnglish best. ¢√L. Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ùèπ◊ Éçöx ™„jô’x ÇJ-§Ú-ߪ÷®·. The lights have gone out Åçõ‰ ™„jô’x •ßª’-ôèπ◊ ¢Á∞«x®· ÅE éπü∆. éπÈ®èπ◊d ÉçTx≠ˇ ´÷ö«x-ú≈-©çõ‰ ûÁ©’í∫’ûÓ §Ú©’a-éÓ-èπ◊çú≈ ´÷ö«x-úÕûË ÆæJ-§Ú-ûª’çü∆? §Ú©’a-èπ◊çõ‰ éÌçîÁç ûËL-éπ-´¤-ûª’çü∆ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’? A. à È®çúø’ ¶µ«≠æ™ x èπÿú≈ äÍé ¶µ«¢√-EéÀ ¢√úË words/ phrases (´÷ô©÷/ ´÷-ô© Ææ´‚-£æ…©’) word to Q. §ƒ©-èπÿ®Ω, íÓ®Ω’-*-èπ◊\úø’, ¶Ô•s®Ω’x OöÀE ÉçTx-≠ˇ™  word correspondence (´’éÃ\éÀ ´’éÃ\í¬ Å†’à´’ç-ö«®Ω’? ¢√ü¿ ç) èπ◊ü¿-®Ωü¿’. correct English ´÷ö«x-úËç-ü¿’èπ◊ A. Spinach, Cluster beans, Cowpeas. ûÁ©’í∫’ûÓ §Ú©’a-éÓ-´îª’a. Å®·ûË ÉC éÌçûª´®ΩÍé corP. Gopal, Tirupathi rect Å´¤-ûª’çC. ûÁ©’-í∫’™ èπÿú≈ lights ÇJ-§Ú-ߪ÷éÀçC future tense ™E ¢√é¬u-©èπ◊ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ Å®Ωnç ߪ’ØË •ü¿’©’ lights/ current §Úߪ÷®·/ §Ú®·çC Åçö«ç éπü∆. ûÁ©’í∫’ ´÷ô© §ÚLéπ Öçúø-ö«Eo•öÀd Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ùûÓ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. ņ’-´-CÊÆh î√™« ´®Ωèπÿ (°æ‹Jhí¬) é¬ü¿’; éÌçûª Q. I shall talk. Ææ’©¶µºç 鬴a. A. I shall talk - ؈’ ´÷ö«x-úø-û√†’ (future™)

Ever y dog has his day Q.

v°æéπ%-AE Ç≤ƒy-Cç-îªúøç.

Q..

A. Enjoying/ savouring the beauty of nature. Q.

v°æéπ%-AE Ç≤ƒy-Cç-î√-©E á´-JéÀ ÅE-°œç-îªü¿’ îÁ°æ¤p?

A. Who doesn't feel like enjoying the beauty of nature? Q.

Q.

Éçûª-é¬-™«-EéÀ, ÉEo ®ÓV-©èπ◊ F ´·êç™ *®Ω’-†´¤y îª÷úø-í∫-L-í¬†’.

A. After a long time/ At last/ After so many days I am able to see a smile on your face. Q.

Åûªúø’ Éçûª ÆæçûÓ-≠æçí¬ Öçúøôç ØËØÁ-°æ¤púø÷ îª÷úø™‰ü¿’.

A. I haven't seen him so happy before. Q.

Éü¿çû√ F °æ¤ùu¢Ë’. àN’ É*a F ®Ω’ùç B®Ω’a-éÓ-í∫-©†’.

A. All thanks to you. Nothing I can do can clear me from your obligation. Q. Just thanks

ÅE îÁ°œp F ®Ω’ù«Eo B®Ω’a-éÓ-™‰†’.

A. A mere thank you can not free me from my indebtedness to you. Q.

A. He has approver. Q.

v°æ¶µº’ûªyç †éπq-™¸qûÓ îª®Ωa©’ ï®Ω-°æ-ú≈-EéÀ ä°æ¤p-èπ◊çC.

A. The Govt has agreed to negotiations/ hold negotiations/ talks with the Nexalities

´’Sx †’´¤y Ñ ÉçöÀ ô’d°æéπ\-©èπ◊ ´î√a¢Ó Æ棜«ç-îËC ™‰ü¿’.

A. I can't tolerate seeing you any where around this place.

Åûªúø’ Åv°æ‹-´-®˝í¬ ´÷J§Ú-ߪ÷úø’. turned

an

†’´¤y Åv°æ‹-´-®˝í¬ ´÷JûË Péπ~ ûªí∫_-´îª’a.

A. If you turn an approver, you may get remission in your punishment. Q.

M.SURESAN

Ééπ\úø’çúÕ É•sç-C-°æúË •ü¿’©’ Åéπ\-úÕéÀ ¢ÁRûË §ÚßË’üË-´·çC?

A. What do we lose if we go there instead of facing all the troubles here? M.Chandu, TB.Palem Q.

éÀçC ¢√öÀéÀ

plural

a) Salesman

b) Musulman c) youngman

鬶ßË’ ¶µ«®Ωu, 鬶ßË’ ¶µº®Ωh, °œLx-éπ∞¡x Å´÷t®·, °œLx-éπ∞¡Ÿx, îªü¿’-´¤-èπ◊-†o-¢√úø’– OöÀE ÉçTx-≠ˇ™  à´’ç-ö«®Ω’?

A. Would be wife/ husband. Cat-eyed girl, cat eyes, educated person. Q. Lawyer, Pleader, Advocate, Vakil

àN’öÀ? A. Lawyer =

A. Bunganna, Munagalapadu

A. I shall be talking - future

Q. Please let me know the other form of the sentence "Agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define wisdom." The starting words of your sentence should have "No sooner".

™ äéπ EKgûª Æ洒ߪ’ç™/ °∂晫-Ø√ Ææ´’-ߪ’ç™ ´÷ö«xúø’-ûª÷çö«†’. I shall be talking to him at 5 tomorrow -

Í®°æ¤ ≤ƒßª’çvûªç âCçöÀéÀ ؈ûª-úÕûÓ ´÷ö«x-úø’ûª÷ Öçö«†’.

ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’.

A. a) Salesmen b) musalmans c) young men Q.

Q. I shall be talking.

– -O-öÀéÀ ûËú≈

No sooner ---------

Q. I shall have talked.

™ ã Ææ´’-ߪ÷-EéÀ

Please let me know the other forms also if any.

I shall have talked to him by this time tomorrow =

A. No sooner do we define wisdom, than the argument ceases.

A. I shall have talked = Future

´·çü¿’ ´÷ö«x-úËÆœ Öçö«†’. Í®°‘-§ƒ-öÀéÀ ؈ûªúÕûÓ ´÷ö«x-úËÆœ Öçö«†’.

Q. I shall have been talking. A. I shall have been talking = Future

™ ã Æ洒ߪ÷-EéÀ ´·çüË ´÷ö«x-úøôç v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµç* Ç Æ洒ߪ’ç ´®Ω-èπÿ-í¬F, Ç Ææ´’-ߪ’ç™ Éçé¬-í¬F ´÷ö«x-úø’ûª÷ Öçö«†’. I shall have been talking to him by this time tomorrow = Í®°‘§ƒöÀéÀ ´·çüË ´÷ö«xúøfç v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµç*, ѧƒöÀ´®Ωèπÿ / Éçé¬ ´÷ö«x-úø’ûª÷ Öçö«†’.

îªôdç ¶«í¬ ûÁL-Æœ-†-¢√úø’. äéπ-JE Ææ´’-Jnç-îË-¢√®Ω’– îªôd-°æ-®Ωçí¬ Â°jÈ®çúÕç-öÀéà ŮΩnç – Ø√uߪ’-¢√C. Pleader Åçõ‰ Q. C´ç-í∫ûª ´·êu-´’çvA èπÿú≈ ÅüË Å®Ωnç – Å®·ûË §ƒûª-®Ó-V™x ÉC ¢√úËA. The late CM ¢√®Ω’, îªôdç (Law)™ degree ™‰éπ-§Ú-®·Ø√. É°æ¤púø’ Q. Ø√ éÓÆæç äéπ\ éπFo-öÀ-¶Ôô’d Å®·Ø√ 鬮Ω’a. Ñ ´÷ô ¢√úø’-éπ-™-™‰ü¿’. Vakil ÅØ√o ÅüË, É°æ¤púø’ M. Ram Naik, Hyderabad ÅC î√©’. ¢√úø’-éπ™ ™‰ü¿’. éÀçC ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. A. Kindly shed a drop of tear for me. That'll do Q. House, Home, Apartment, Building -O-öÀéÀ ûËú≈ Q. F ´·çü¿’ ؈’ áçûª? Q. †’´¤y ´ÊÆh î√©’. Ø√èπ◊ ÉçÍéO’ ´ü¿’l. ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ. A. It is just enough if you come. I don't want any- A. House - É©’x (à É©x-®·Ø√) A. What am I before you? thing more. Home = ´’†ç á´JE í∫’Jç* ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’-Ø√o¢Á÷ Q. Ø√ ´·çü¿’ F´¤ áçûª? Q. O’ É©’x îª÷-úÌî√a äéπ-≤ƒJ? ¢√®Ω’ E´-ÆœçîË É©’x, èπ◊ô’ç-•çûÓ; A. What are you before me? A. Can I see your house once? Apartment = flat/ a set of flats. Q. ÅÆæ©’ Fèπ◊ ؈’ ᙫ éπ†-°æ-úø’-ûª’-Ø√o†’? Q. àú≈C AJ-Íí-Ææ-JéÀ E†’o éÓöÃ-¨¡y-®Ω’-úÕE îË≤ƒh†’. Building = éπôdúøç ¶µº´†ç ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ A. How do I appear to you? A. I will make you a millionaire by the turn of the Q. For the water came lip to my lips. Ñ ¢√é¬u-EéÀ Q. ÅÆæ©’ Ø√ í∫’Jç* àN’ ņ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o´¤? year. ûÁ©’í∫’™ Å®Ωnç îÁ°æpçúÕ. A. What do you take me for? Q. Ø√èπ◊ ®√¢√-Lq† úø•’s ᙫ ®√•-ô’d-éÓ-¢√™ Ø√èπ◊ A..For the water came lip to my lips é¬ü¿-†’-èπ◊çö« upto my lips Ø√ °ü¿-´¤© ´®Ωèπ◊ (Åçûª ™ûª’í¬) Q. Ææ’Eo-ûª-¢Á’i† ûÁ©’Ææ’. A. Sensitive F∞¡ Ÿx ´îËa-¨»®·. A. I know how to get the money due to me. Advocate =

P. Mohan, Jagityal Q. Dispensary, Hospital, Nursing home, Clinic

© ´’üµ¿u ûËú≈ àN’öÀ? A. Dispensary = ÇÆæ’°ævûª’™x ´’çü¿’©’ éπLÊ° N¶µ«í∫ç. (äéπ-°æ¤púø’ ÇÆæ’°ævA ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ ¢√úË-¢√®Ω’. É°æ¤pú≈ Å®Ωnç ™‰ü¿’). Hospital = ®Óí∫’-©èπ◊ ÊÆ´-©ç-CçîË ÇÆæ’°ævA – ¢Ájü¿uç §ÒçüËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ´÷vûªç ´*a ¢ÁRx-§ÚßË’ ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ (Outpatients) ´÷vûª¢Ë’ é¬èπ◊çú≈, Åéπ\úË éÌEo ®ÓV©’ Öçúø-ö«-EéÀ ´Ææ-ûª’©’ Ö†o (In patients) ÇÆæ’°æ-vA. Clinic = äéπ/ éÌEo ¢√uüµ¿’-©èπ◊ v°æûËu-éπçí¬ *éÀ-ûªq-©çCçîË ÇÆæ’°æ-vA– Eye clinic/ ENT clinic (îÁN, ´·èπ◊\, éπçöÀ ¢√uüµ¿’-©èπ◊ ´÷vûª¢Ë’)/ family planning clinic, etc. Nursing home = Private doctors †úÕÊ° ÇÆæ’°ævA. Standard English ™ Nursing home èπ◊ ´·êuçí¬ ´%ü¿’l¥-©èπ◊ ¢Ájü¿uç îËÊÆ ÇÆæ’°ævA ÅE Å®Ωnç.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm