Plant-sexual And Asexual Reproduction

SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION By ABBAS 05

Briefing Asexual Reproduction A change in the number of cells/individuals without a change in the genetic state of the cells Cellular basis - Mitosis

Mitosis - process by which the number of cells is increased without changing the number of chromosomes in the cell

Types of Asexual Reproduction 1. Mitosis - is the exact duplication of the nucleus of a cell so as to form two identical nuclei during cell division.

Mitosis G2 of Interphase

Centroso mes

chromatin -uncondensed chromosomes

Propha se

- mitotic spindle

-sister chromatids

-cleavage furrow

-daughter chromoso mes

-nuclear envelope

Telophas e & Cytokine

Anaph ase

Prometap hase -kinetoch ore microtub -nucle ar envelo -kinetoch ore -metaph ase plate

Metaph ase

(Figure 12.6 in your book)

Mitosis

Prophase Telophase

Metaphase

SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION 1.3

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Asexual reproduction

Parthenogenesis Sporulation Budding Binary fission Regeneration Vegetative

1.3 ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

BINARY FISSION

Definition Binary Fussion •Binary Fussion = asingle-celled organism divides into two cells of the same size. •Each is identical to the Other

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occurs in one-celled organisms such as the ameba and paramecium.

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The nucleus divides by mitosis and the cytoplasm divides, forming 2 new daughter cells of equal size.

Binary Fission = is simplest form of asexual reproduction. Parent organism divides into two  approximately equal parts. Each daughter cell becomes a new individual. 

Binary Fission

1.3

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

REGENERATI ON

Definition Regeneration = The ability to re-grow lost or damaged body parts.  Hydra, planaria, starfish, and earthworm More complex animals less able to re-grow parts. Crab can re-grow a claw. Some reptiles can re-grow a tail. Most mammals can repair damaged tissue but can not regrow missing parts. 

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Refers to the replacement or regrowth of lost or damaged body parts

Regeneration

1.3

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

Vegetative Reproduction

Definition Vegetative =fragments of the ‘parent’ can grow into new organisms  Occurs only in plants (vegetative). New plants develop from the roots, stems, or leaves of the parent plant. 

New plants can be produced from sections of parent plants that are cut off.  New plants reproduced in this way are identical to the parent plant.  We see this in spider plants and willow trees, for example. 

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Runner or stolen = horizontal stem above the ground with buds. If a bud touches the ground it will form roots and stems and start a new plant. Strawberries.

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