Asexual Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction

What is reproduction? Reproduction is the process by which organisms produce more of their own kind.

 Think about it – Without reproduction, all life on earth would no longer exist.

What happens in Sexual Reproduction?  2 Haploid Cells (n) (1 sperm, 1 egg) come together to form a Diploid cell (2n)  called a Zygote.

 How many Parents are needed for Sexual Reproduction to occur?  Answer  2

 What are the differences in Reproduction between Plants and Animals?

 Answer  Plants live in Two Forms!!!!  Haploid (n) -- Gametophyte  Diploid (2n) -- Sporophyte

Nonvascular lifecycle

Seedless vascular lifecycle

What is Asexual Reproduction?  Only one parent is involved.  Offspring are genetically identical to their parents.  All cells that come from a single cell are genetically identical to it and to each other; they are all clones.

Types of Asexual Reproduction 1. Mitosis - is the exact duplication of the nucleus of a cell so as to form two identical nuclei during cell division.

Types of Asexual Reproduction 2. Binary Fission occurs in one-celled organisms such as the amoeba and paramecium. The nucleus divides by mitosis and the cytoplasm divides, forming 2 new daughter cells of equal size.

Types of Asexual Reproduction

§ Budding – • New individuals split off from existing ones. • The bud may break off from the parent or remain attached.

Types of Asexual Reproduction  4. Fragmentation A type of reproduction in which the body breaks into several pieces.  Some ore all of these fragments later develop into complete adults when missing parts are regrown

 5. Parthenogenesis New individuals develop from unfertilized eggs. This occurs in snakes and lizzards.

Types of Asexual Reproduction 6.Vegetative Propagation – Occurs only in plants (vegetative). New plants develop from the roots, stems, or leaves of the parent plant.

Advantages/Disadvantages of Each Type of Reproduction  Asexual  (+) Produce many organisms in a short time period without having to find a mate  (-) DNA does not vary much between individuals

 Sexual  (+) Makes different combinations of genes  (-) Individual must find a mate