Physics Electronic Eye

ELECTRONIC

eye

STEM 12 – BIO 1 Ms. Xian P. Buensalida

I.

Introduction

Security is so much important to all people to avoid bad situation to happen just like robbery and homicide. When we have our physiological needs for food and water met, our safety needs to dominate our behavior. These needs have to do with our normal desire for a predictable, orderly world that is somewhat within our control. (Maslow, 1943) Therefore, security and safety are necessary in daily living, to live away from danger. As it is define by Merriam, it is the quality or state of being secure: such as freedom from danger. Security is alarming every individual to safe guard their belongings and properties. Reducing the risk of accident or protecting against deliberate attack in our social environment is a function of the degree of safety. The theft chances are increasing with the advancement of technology. Security persons are also unable to curtail the theft chances due to human mistakes. An electronic eye can curtail the theft attempt by triggering the buzzer automatically and also sending the message quickly to the concerned persons to make them alert. The communication part can be achieved with the support of Arduino. The automation of the security monitoring system using electronics assembly is enabling to develop a mechanism to reduce the theft chances at any desired points. Robbery has become common in the Philippines and it is increasing day by day. To counter it, high resolution security cameras are available for commercial purpose. These systems are powered entire time and they record the movements of the person throughout the day. A camera based security system requires the presence of a human or a security personnel at all time. This system is really effective only when someone is monitoring the image captured by the camera. Security system has been concern of worldwide not only in the Philippines. As technology is emerging every second, abundant home based or office based or industries based security systems have been developed and implemented to keep welfare security safe. Home security system is an essential mean of protecting homes from illegal invasion and false intrusion. A general home security system consists of CCTV, Web cameras, Buzzer alarm. Web camera or CCTV capture image in 24 hours to identify what goes around the house and in the house around the door which holds evidences if there is false intrusion in house breaking around the door of captured areas. The power consumption is also considerably large as camera is always on to keep recording nonstop and for capturing images. The power consumption is considered as concern of installing a security system. Using a preferred safety and security measures or technique depends on the absolute environment of application.

II.

Literature Review

Electronic eye controlled security system is also called magic eye. As the automation is emerging technology these days, just imagine a door bell that automatically rings when a person visit you home. This also provides security when any person is trying to enter into your home without your permission. Electronic eye controlled security system is the electronic device that continuously watches if anyone is visiting your home. (Jazanu, 2013) Electronic eye describes the design and implementation of Door image capture using Microcontroller based security system for home and offices. It provides the user with efficient and reliable security system for Door image capture for home, offices and industries that supports the use of an sensor at the door to send the signals to control unit of electronic eye with buzzer alarm for security purpose with image capture as soon as the door opens with image capture at the output of laptop or PC with VB application. (Ali, 2014) An Electronic eye is designed to provide the security system for home and offices. It is a simple, not-so-expensive, easy to use and reliable security system for room locker in homes, offices that supports the use of a sensor and an Arduino is used to send the signals to control unit of electronic eye. The buzzer alarm is needed for on-the-spot security purposes. (Juneja, 2017) An electronic eye may substantially ameliorate the safety mechanism of the living house. Incidents of breach of security in the absence of the house owners are increasing day-by-day. In addition to the traditional security systems, there is now dire need of state-of-the-art communication module with a micro controller enabled system to send commands and receive alerts. (Mittal, 2016) In the scope of industrialization, home automation is a step beyond mechanization. For machineries mechanization provided human operators with machinery to assist them with the muscular requirements of work, where automation greatly reduces the need for human sensory and mental requirements as well. Automation in security system plays an increasingly important role in the world economy. Automatic security systems are being preferred over manual system. (Ijev, 2014) Electronic eye controlled security system is the electronic device that continuously watches if anyone is visiting your home. Electronic eye describes the design and implementation of Door image capture using Microcontroller based security system for home and offices. It provides the user with efficient and reliable security system for Door image capture for home, offices and industries that supports the use of an sensor at the door to send the signals to control unit of electronic eye with buzzer alarm for security purpose with image capture as soon as the door opens with image capture at the output of laptop or PC with VB application. An Electronic eye is designed to provide the security system for home and offices.

III.

Mechanics

A. Materials: *Cardboard/wood *5 pieces of Resistor: R1(100k), R2(1k), R3(100), R4(220), R5(820) A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element. *2 pieces of 1N4007 Diode - Diode, an electrical component that allows the flow of current in only one direction. *2 pieces of Capacitor: C1(10uF), C2 (1uF) - A device used to store an electric charge, consisting of one or more pairs of conductors separated by an insulator. *2 pieces BC 547 Transistor - A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power. *Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) - A photoresistor can be applied in light-sensitive detector circuits, and light-activated and darkactivated switching circuits. *7805 Regulator U1 - A voltage regulator is an electronic circuit that provides a stable DC voltage independent of the load current, temperature and AC line voltage variations. *Buzzer - Typical uses of buzzers and beepers include alarm devices, timers, and confirmation of user input such as a mouse click or keystroke. *Light Emitting Diode (LED) - A light-emitting diode is a two-lead semiconductor light source. *9v Battery - An electric battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections provided to power electrical devices. *Connecting wires

B. Procedure: i.

First, get the circuit board then arrange the electronic materials.

ii.

Install 9 volts battery.

iii.

Put the 1N4007 diode to the circuit board and connects the one of its terminal to the positive power source and the other terminal connects to the first terminal of 7805 regulator U1.

iv.

Connects the second terminal of 7805 regulator U1 to the buzzer, then connects the third terminal to the negative power source.

v.

Connects the one terminal of capacitor(1) between the connection of diode and regulator, and connects the other one to the negative power source.

vi.

Connects the one terminal of the second capacitor(2) to the connection between regulator and buzzer, and connects the other terminal to negative power source.

vii.

Connects the one terminal of LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) to the (regulator buzzer) connection, then connects the other terminal of the LDR to the resistor (100k), wherein the other terminal of resistor (100k) is connected to the negative power source.

viii.

Connects the one terminal of resistor (100) to the (regulator - buzzer) connection, and then connects the other terminal to the first terminal of transistor (547), wherein the third terminal of this transistor is connected to negative power source. The second/middle terminal of this transistor is connected to another resistor (1k), wherein the last terminal of the resistor (1k) is connected between the connection of LDR and resistor (100k).

ix.

Connects the negative polarity terminal of LED (Light Emitting Diode) to negative power source, then connects its positive polarity terminal to the resistor (220). After that, connects the other terminal of the resistor (220) to the connection between resistor (100) and transistor (547).

x.

Put another resistor (820) wherein, its terminal is connected to the connection of resistor (220) and resistor (100), then connects its other terminal to the second/middle terminal of another transistor (547).

xi.

Connects the first terminal of this newly installed transistor (547) to the other terminal of the buzzer, then connects its last terminal to the negative power source.

xii.

Put another 1N4007 diode and connects its one terminal to the (regulator - buzzer) connection, and connects its other terminal to the (transistor - buzzer) connection.

The main component/material of this device was the Light Dependent Resistor (LDR), this component is depending on light and dark of its surroundings, if it’s surrounding has a light, the whole circuit is stable, but if its surrounding has no light, this is the time wherein the whole circuit will works.

IV.

Blueprint

V.

Significance of Project

Electronic Eye is beneficial and inclined to physics since it is a device that uses electricity/ source of energy (dry cell). Electronics is coined from the word “electron” and if there’s a movement of electron, electricity will occur. Electricity is one of the biggest contributions in Physics. Most of the experiments and discoveries use electricity to conduct the inventions. Electronic eye has a huge benefit to the advancement of technology since the electronic security systems are broadly utilized within corporate work places, commercial places and etc. The systems have profoundly welcomed, since it might be worked from a remote zone. And these systems are also utilized as access control systems, fire recognition and avoidance systems and attendance record system. As we are know that crime rates are increasing day by day so most of the people are usually not feeling comfort until they provide a sure for their security either it may be at office or home. So we should choose a better electronic system for securing purposes. It is also beneficial to the community to reduce robbery cases, and to protect the people inside the community. This project is really necessary due to reports of worst cases of robbery. It will really help the people to sleep soundly and live peacefully.