Osteopathic Principles
Joint Ranges of Motion
Shoulder Degrees Abduction 180 Adduction 45 Flexion 150 to 170 Extension 45 Protraction 20 Retraction 20 Arm at side, elbow flexed 90 degrees Internal Rotation 55 External Rotation 40 to 45 Shoulder abducted 90 degrees Internal Rotation 70 External Rotation 70 Hip Normal anteversion Flexion - Knee Extended Flexion - Knee Flexed Extension Abduction - Knee Extended Abduction - Knee Flexed Adduction Internal Rotation External Rotation
Degrees 15 90 120 30 45 to 50 70 to 75 20 to 30 35 45
Knee Flexion Extension Internal Rotation External Rotation
Degrees 130 10 10 10
Thumb Degrees Abduction 70 Flexion/Extension - MCP 50 Flexion/Extension - IP -20 to 90 Fingers Flexion - MCP Flexion - PIP Flexion - DIP Extension - MCP Extension - PIP Extension - DIP
Degrees 90 100 90 -30 to 45 0 0 to -10
Elbow/Forearm Flexion Extension Protraction Supination Carrying - Men Carrying - Women
Degrees 135 -5 90 90 5 10 to 15
Ankle Dorsiflexion Plantarflexion Inversion Eversion Adduction - Forefoot Abduction - Forefoot
Degrees 20 50 5 5 20 10
Toes Extension - Big Toe Flexion - Toes 2-5
Degrees 70 to 90 45
James Lamberg
Version: 09Apr2009
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