Module 1

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009 

BAHAGIAN SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH DAN SEKOLAH KLUSTER KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

PERFECT  SCORE  BIOLOGY 

 

2009

MODUL I

STRUCTURAL  QUESTIONS 

Student’s Copy DISEDIAKAN OLEH: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Puan Hasimah binti Azit – Sekolah Seri Puteri, Cyberjaya Puan Natrah binti Mohamad – SMA Persekutuan Kajang Puan Mardiana binti Yusof – SMS Hulu Selangor Puan Sarah Safarina binti Sabri- Kolej Islam Sultan Alam Shah Puan Kamariah binti Zailan – SMA Persekutuan Labu Puan Siti Asma binti Razali - Kolej Islam Sultan Alam Shah Puan Noorsyamsinar binti Kasim – SMS Selangor

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  Question 1:

Diagram 1

1. (a) Explain the feeding mechanism in Amoeba sp.

[4 marks]

………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) Explain the role of contractile vacuole in osmoregulation.

[2 marks]

………………………………………………………………………………………………….………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  Question 2: The Diagram 1 shows an experiment set-up to investigate the effect of pH on enzyme activity. Enzyme Q is found inside the mammalian digestive system.

Diagram 1 After 24 hours, the following results were obtained: pH

Reduction in length of egg white strip (mm)

1

7

2

9

3

6

4

3

5

1

6

0

(a) Using the results in the table, plot a graph on the next page to show the reduction in length of the egg white strip against pH of the medium. [3 marks] (b) Explain the observed reduction in the length of the egg white strip.

[3 marks]

………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….………..

(c)

A type of herbicide was sprayed on the weed plants to control their population. The herbicide causes the proteins and ATPase enzyme in the cell to denature. Explain the effect of this herbicide in transportation of potassium ions in the weed plants. [3 marks] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….………..

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009 

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  Question 3: Mitosis and meiosis are a phenomenon in the cell cycle which happens gradually and continuously. The figure shows two cells taken from different parts of the flowering plant

Cell A is taken from the anther while cell B is taken from the root tip. (a) What are the differences between the importance of cell division in Cell A and Cell B ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. [3 marks] (b) Suggest a technique that can produce plants with the same good characteristics in a short period of time. Briefly explain the technique which you have mentioned [4 marks] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  Question 4: The figure below shows the process which occurs in structure P.

(a) Name process K. Explain the part played by sunlight in process K. [3 marks]

………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….

(b) Explain how process L can produce the substance Z. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. [2 marks]

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  (c) Diagram below shows type of stomach.

(i) What is the ruminant's true stomach? Give a reason for your answer. [ 2 marks] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. (ii) Describe the functions of stomach in human. [3 marks] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  Question 5:

The figure below shows the respiratory organ of an animal and human being.

(a) Based on the figure above, explain how the structure M and N can increase the efficiency of gaseous exchange in each of the organisms above. [4 marks] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….

(b) The amount of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the atmosphere is always stable due to the mutual dependence between photosynthesis and respiration. Explain why. [4 marks] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  Question 6

1.

Diagram shows one of the environment phenomena which has become a current topic of discussion

(a)

Based on the diagram, name this phenomena

………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. [1 mark] (b)

Explain how the phenomena mention in (a) happens. [4 marks]

………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….

(c)

Suggest measures can be employed to overcome the phenomenon [4 marks]

………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  Question 7:

Diagram 7.0 shows the human circulatory system.

(a)

Human circulatory system consists of circulations R and S. Describe each circulation. [4 marks] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….

(c)

The pacemaker of a patient’s heart fails to function. An electronic pacemaker is used to replace the original pacemaker. Explain how the electronic pacemaker works. [3 marks] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  Question 8: Diagram 8 shows a longitudinal section of the reproductive parts of a flower during fertilization.

(a) In the space below, draw a section through the ovule showing all the cells in S. Label the cells involved in fertilization. [3 marks]

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  (b)

Describe the fertilization process that occurs. [2 marks] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….………..

(c)

In Diagram 8, the structure Y has to be kept dormant for future research purposes. (i) Explain how Y can be prevented from germinating. [2 marks] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….………..

(ii) If Y is to be germinated, suggest one method to stimulate the germination of Y

………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. [1mark]

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  Question 9 Diagram 9.1 shows the prenatal development of a human embryo.

R

(a) Explain how the adaptation of R in order to function effectively [3 marks] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….

(b) If the mother is addicted to the drugs, does it possible for the baby to become addicted too? Explain your answer. [3 marks] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  Question 10: (a) Diagram 10.1 below show two types of variation in students,

Number of student

Body mass (kg)

Blood group

Diagram 10.1

Describe the differences between these two types of variation. [3 marks] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….

(b) Diagram 10.2 and diagram 10.3 show the changes occur in the structure of chromosomes which causes mutation.

P

P

P

P

Q

Q

Q

Q

R

S

R

S

S

T

S

R

T

U

T

T

U

U

U

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  (i) State one factor which causes the mutation. [1mark] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….………..

(ii) Compare the changes of chromosome structure that causes mutations in Diagram 10.2 and Diagram 10.3 [4 marks] ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….

Question 11:

(a) (i) What P, Q, R ? P: ………………………………………………………… Q: ………………………………………………………… R: ………………………………………………………… [ 1 mark] (ii) What is the process that breaks down the polysaccharides into smaller units? Explain the process briefly. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………... ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………... ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………... [ 3 marks]

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009 

( b) What is the chemical reaction P that takes place to form the bonds between X and Y? What is Q? Explain the process briefly. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [ 4 marks]

( c)(i)

What is denaturation? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [ 2 marks]

(ii) What is the result of denaturation of proteins? ...................................................................................................................................................... [ 1 mark] Question 12: An experiment is carried out to study the translocation of auxin in plants. In experiment I, the coleoptile tip was cut and placed on an agar block for 5 hours. This agar block X produced a growth curvature in another decapitated coleoptile. In experiment II, the coleoptile tip was cut and placed in an inverted position on an agar block Y, for 5 hours. However no growth curvature was obtained when the agar block was placed on a decapacitated coleoptile.

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009 

(a) Why does the

coleoptile in Experiment I bend to the right? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  [ 2 marks ] (b) (i) Name the plant hormone which causes the growth curvature. _____________________________________________________________________________ [ 1 mark ] (ii) Where is it synthesised in the stem? _____________________________________________________________________________ [ 1 mark ] (c) Which agar block contains a higher auxin concentration? Give your reason _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ [ 3 marks ] (d) In which direction is this plant hormone transported in the coleoptile? Give your reason _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ [ 2 marks ]

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  QUESTION 13: Figure below shows part of the circulatory system and the lymphatic system in the human body. Vessel Q heart

Lymp node

Tissue fluid Body tissue

Fluid X

(a) ( i ) What is fluid X ? _________________________________________________________________ ( 1 mark ) (ii) What happens to the components of fluid X when it passes through the lymph node? _________________________________________________________________ ( 1 mark ) (b) ( i ) Fluid X originates from the blood. Describe how fluid X is formed from the blood. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ( 2 marks ) ( ii ) State one difference between fluid X and the blood. __________________________________________________________________ ( 1 mark )

(c) ( i ) A part of vessel Q is blocked. Explain its effect on the system in figure above. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ( 2 marks )

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  ( ii ) Vessel Q in the leg is blocked. What would happen to the leg? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ( 1 marks ) (d)

The blood circulatory system and the lymphatic system function to maintain the composition of the tissue fluid. Explain how water and mineral salts are maintained by? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ ( 3 marks )

Question 14:

A

B

Figure 14.0 Figure 3.0 shows the reversible process digestion of substance P by lipase produced the products Q and R. (a)

Name the processes A and B. A: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. B: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2 marks]

(b)

Explain how the organic substance is absorbed into the villus. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [4 marks]

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  (c)

A gall bladder of a patient is removed due to a gall stone. Explain the effects on the health. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………... ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………... ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………... ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………... [4 marks]

(d)

The products P and Q are transported by the lymphatic system to the cells for assimilation. Explain the assimilation of glucose and amino acid in body cells. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [4 marks]

Question 15: Figure 11 shows a part of the ileum structure.

P

(a)

Explain how P is adapted enable the absorption of nutrients effectively. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009 

(b)

10 cm of small intestine (ileum) of a patient is cut due to a cancer. Explain the effects of removal 10 cm of small intestine on the digestion of food. [4 marks] ……………………………………………………………………………………………………...... ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Question 16

Diagram 16 shows a ball and socket joint with tissues P, Q and which are responsible for locomotion in a human.

DIAGRAM 16 (a)

State the organelle found abundantly in the muscle cell. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]

(b)

Explain your answer in (a) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2 marks]

(c)

Name the muscle fibres that involve in the contraction of antagonistic muscle.

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2 marks] (d)

Explain how bending of arm is brought by the structures P, Q, R and joints. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [10 marks]

Question 17

(a) Diagram below shows two phenotypes of pea seed produced by two varieties of pea plant.

Smooth and green pea seed

Wrinkled and yellow pea seed

A farmer has crossed a smooth and green pea plant with a wrinkled and yellow pea plant. 1600 pea seeds produced were collected and sorted according to different phenotypes as shown in Table below.

Phenotype

Smooth and

Smooth and

Wrinkled and

Wrinkled and

green pea seed

yellow pea

green pea seed

yellow pea

398

401

399

402

Number of seeds

(a) State the ratio of the offspring produced.

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009  ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(b) (i)S represents the dominant allele for smooth while s for wrinkled. G is the dominant allele for green and g ressesive allele for yellow. State the genotype of the parents pea plant.

.......................................................................................................................................................... [2 marks]

(ii)State the probabilities of the alles in the gametes produced by the pea plants.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]

(c) Based on your answer in b(ii), explain the formation of alleles in the gametes by applying the Mandel’s Second Law ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [3 marks] (i) Draw a schematic diagram to show the product of this cross.

Parents:

Gametes:

Offspring: [3 marks]

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009 

(d)(i)

A heterozygous plant genotype TtRr undergoes meiosis to produce gametes cell. Alleles T and t for tall and short are located at the same locus on the homologous chromosomes. During anaphase I, the alleles Tt are not separated but Rr are separated completely. Draw the diagram for the two gamete cells which will be formed in the space provided below.

[2marks]

(d)(ii)

State the probabilities of the alleles in the gametes produced. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]

(e)

The individual has three chromosome 21 due to non-disjunction during meiosis where the two homologous chromosome 21 fail to separate normally during anaphase I or II of meiosis. State type of mutation faced by the individual.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark] (f) Explain how mutation stated in (e) is formed. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [3 marks]

        Perfect score SBP Biology    2009