Model Railway Signal Project
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Model Railway Signal Project A magnet under the train operates reed switches positioned on the track. The first reed switch changes the signal to red as the train passes, then further along the track a second reed switch changes the signal back to green ready for the next train. The isolated section of track just in front of the signal is switched off by the relay when the signal is red so a train will stop automatically at the red signal.
Parts Required • • • • •
resistors: 1k ×2, 33k ×2 • 555 timer IC capacitor: 220µF • 8-pin DIL socket for IC 1N4001 diode • red LED (3mm best) 1N4148 diode • green LED (3mm best) miniature magnet - each locomotive needs one
• • • •
push-switch ×2 reed switch ×2 relay SPCO 12V coil stripboard 11 rows × 24 holes
Stripboard layout green
red
A set red
black
B set green
•••• •••• • black ••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• ••••
•••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •1N4148 ••• •diode ••• ••••
33k
red
• • • • • • • • • • •
1k
33k
red
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
••• • +• • ••• ••• •220µF •• ••• •25V •• • _• • ••• ••• •••
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
red to 12V DC supply
black
1k
NC
Relay
1N4001 diode
4 cuts below chip
green
COM
red
black
NO
Track connections to switch B
to switch A
to relay contacts NC COM
direction of trains
signal
•
This isolated section of the track will stop the train if the signal is red.
reed switch A change signal to red
reed switch B change signal to green
• • • • •
Connect the reed switches to push-switches A and B (see the stripboard layout). The switches can be held in place between the rails with a small piece of blu tac. Connect the track wires to the COM and NC contacts of the relay. When soldering to the track make sure you solder to the outside of the rail. Each locomotive will need a miniature magnet glued to its underside - test first with blu tac, but superglue is probably best once you are sure it is in the correct position. • Note: railway signals have red at the bottom, unlike road traffic lights where red is at the top.
Circuit diagram 1N4001
1k 33k
33k 8 2
set green
THE ELECTRONICS CLUB
set red
© John Hewes 2007, The Electronics Club, www.kpsec.freeuk.com A kit for this project is available from RSH Electronics
+ 12V DC
3
220µF
4 1
+
green
555 timer
red
6
relay coil 1k
1N4148
−
Parts Required • • • • •
resistors: 1k ×2, 33k ×2 • 555 timer IC capacitor: 220µF • 8-pin DIL socket for IC 1N4001 diode • red LED (3mm best) 1N4148 diode • green LED (3mm best) miniature magnet - each locomotive needs one
• • • •
push-switch ×2 reed switch ×2 relay SPCO 12V coil stripboard 11 rows × 24 holes
Stripboard layout green
red
A set red
black
B set green
•••• •••• • black ••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• ••••
•••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •1N4148 ••• •diode ••• ••••
33k
red
• • • • • • • • • • •
1k
33k
red
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
••• • +• • ••• ••• •220µF •• ••• •25V •• • _• • ••• ••• •••
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
red to 12V DC supply
black
1k
NC
Relay
1N4001 diode
4 cuts below chip
green
COM
red
black
NO
Track connections to switch B
to switch A
to relay contacts NC COM
direction of trains
signal
•
This isolated section of the track will stop the train if the signal is red.
reed switch A change signal to red
reed switch B change signal to green
• • • • •
Connect the reed switches to push-switches A and B (see the stripboard layout). The switches can be held in place between the rails with a small piece of blu tac. Connect the track wires to the COM and NC contacts of the relay. When soldering to the track make sure you solder to the outside of the rail. Each locomotive will need a miniature magnet glued to its underside - test first with blu tac, but superglue is probably best once you are sure it is in the correct position. • Note: railway signals have red at the bottom, unlike road traffic lights where red is at the top.
Circuit diagram 1N4001
1k 33k
33k 8 2
set green
THE ELECTRONICS CLUB
set red
© John Hewes 2007, The Electronics Club, www.kpsec.freeuk.com A kit for this project is available from RSH Electronics
+ 12V DC
3
220µF
4 1
+
green
555 timer
red
6
relay coil 1k
1N4148
−
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