Microorganisms Form 4 Kbsm

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The impact of microorganisms on life

BIO LOGY 8.5

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INTRODUCTION Microorganisms are tiny organisms that can only be seen clearly under the microscope. Mostly, they are harmless but might be useful to us. Others can cause diseases in plants and animals including humans.

BACTERIA

algae

fungi

protozoa

viruses

8.5.1 Effects of abiotic components on microorganisms Activity of Microorganisms is affected by

Concentration of nutrients

They are for reproduction and growth. Without them, Microorganisms will…….. -DIE or -FORM SPORES

PH

temperature

Light intensity

8.5.3 the harmful microorganisms Harmful microorganisms causes :  Disease, for example pathogens. It cause disease by getting into our body cells. But, our skin is protected by a layer of cells through which pathogens cannot penetrate, unless there is cut / an open wound. Spoilage of food and substances

8.5.4 transmission of diseases

8.5.5 controlling pathogens 

Antibiotics

 such as penicillin and streptomycin are chemicals produced by microorganisms which inhibit the growth or kill the other microorganisms,especially bacteria

 Antiseptics  used on cuts and wounds to kill and inhibit the growth of microorganisms.  e.g: acriflavin and iodine solution…

8.5.5 controlling pathogens • Vaccines • modified or weakened forms of bacteria or viruses.A vaccine is a suspension of dead bacteria or viruses which is inoculated into our body to induce the production of antibodies. • e.g:sabine vaccine and BCG

8.5.5 controlling pathogens • Disinfectants • are solutions used to kill microorganisms on the surfaces of floors,buildings or furniture are also used to sterilise surgical equipment • e.g: phenol,formalldehyde and carbolic acid...

8.5.6 USES OF MICROORGANISMS