Metformin Glucophage

INDEX Generic Name metformin

Trade Name Glucophage Glucophage XR

Peak Onset 2-4 weeks several days Why is your patient taking this medication?

NURS 2236 Clinical Form 3: Clinical Medications Worksheet (You will need to made additional copies of these forms) Classification Dose Route Time/Frequency antidiabetics 500mg PO daily up to 2000mg daily (divided in 3 doses)

Duration 12 hr

Mechanism of action and indications Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus; may be used with diet, insulin, or sulfonylurea oral hypoglycemics. Maintenance of blood glucose

Interactions with other patient drugs, OTC, or herbal medicines (ask patient specifically) Alcohol; iodinated contrast media; amiloride; digoxin; morphine; procainamide; quinidine; ranitidine; triamterene; trimethoprim; CCBs; vancomycin; climetidine; furosemide; nifedipine; Natural (glucosamine; chromium; coenzyme Q-10

Nursing Process - Assessment (Pre-administration assessment vital signs; signs and symptoms of hypoglycemic reactions; when combine with oral sulfonylureas assess for ketoacidosis or lactic acidosis.

500-1000mg PO daily XR up to 2500mg daily. For IV meds, compatability with IV drips and/or solutions

Nursing Implications (what to focus on) Contraindications/warnings/interactions Hypersensitivity; metabolic acidosis; dehydration; depsis; hypoxemia; hepatic impairment; excessive alcohol use; renal dysfunction; CHF; Use cautiously in: concurrent renal disease; geriatric; MI; stroke; patients undergoing stress; infection; surgical procedures; hypoxia; pituitary dificiency; pregnancy. Common side effects abdominal bloating; diarrhea; nausea; vomiting; unpleasant metallic taste; hypoglycemia; Lactic acidosis; decreased vitamin b12 levels.

Lab value alterations caused by medicine

Be sure to teach the patient the following about this medication Take at same time everyday; follow diet; exercise; sign of hypoglycemia (take a glass of OJ etc…); and hyperglycemia; proper testing of blood glucose levels; risk of lactic acidosis and discontinuation of med; avoid taking other meds that interact; alcohol; pregnancy; may cause unpleasant taste; XR inactive ingreds. may show in stool; carry form a sugar; report GI problems. Assessment Evaluation Why would you hold or not give Check after giving this med? Control of blood glucose levels without the ketoacidosis or lactic acidosis appearance of hypoglycemic or hyperglycemis episodes. May take a few days for therapeutic effect; if no effect, sulfonylurea may be added, if still no results patient may then be put on insulin therapy.