Lipids, Minerals, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Fat 2

All organisms need to break down food in order to use it, no matter if it´s a producer or a consumer. Nutrients are made up of molecules, which is a substance made when 2 or more atoms combine. Examples: a) H2O

b) CO2

Biological Molecules like: Plant protein

Proteins Carbohydrates, Lipids, ATP Nucleic Acids.

Animal protein High Biological Value Proteins

Proteins are made up of small units called AMINO ACIDS. Amino acids link together forming long chains. So when we eat, we break down food proteins to get amino acids to produce new proteins in our bodies.

Enzymes help to start or speed up chemical reactions in cells.

BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES LIKE:

Proteins

Carbohydrates, Lipids, ATP Nucleic Acids.

CARBOHYDRATES are

can be of

SOURCES OF ENERGY

2 TYPES like

SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES like TABLE SUGAR

COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES used to

with

with HUNDREADS

1 OR FEW store MOLECULES of

like

extra SUGAR

STARCH

of MOLECULES of

that are LINKED TOGETHER

SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES

COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES

Biological Molecules like:

Proteins Carbohydrates,

Lipids, ATP Nucleic Acids.

LIPIDS are can be of several

COMPOUNDS

TYPES

do not mix with WATER

like PHOSPHOLIPIDS

FATS AND OILS

form CELL MEMBRANE

has

store

Formed by

ENERGY

HEAD

2 LAYERS

TAIL Is not attracted to

Differ on their help

STATE

THERMAL INSULATION at

Is attracted to WATER

ROOM TEMPERATURE

Biological Molecules like:

Proteins Carbohydrates, Lipids, ATP Nucleic Acids.

ATP is the major energy-carrying molecule in the cell. The energy stored in carbohydrates and lipids must be transferred to ATP, which then provides fuel to cellular activities

Cellular Activities Energy from Carbohydrates And Lipids

Biological Molecules Like: Proteins Carbohydrates, Lipids, ATP Nucleic Acids.

Principal Mineral Elements Calcium Chlorine

Sulphur Iron Magnesium

Potassium

Iodine Sodium

Phosphorus

Trace Elements Copper Zinc

Cobalt

Fluorine Nickel

Functions of Minerals Calcium

Formation of healthy bones and teeth.

Iron

Formation of haemoglobin in red blood cells.

Iodine

Formation of hormones which control metabolism.

Sodium

Regulation of water balance in the blood.

Potassium

Muscle contraction and nerve impulses

Phosphorus Combines with calcium in the formation of strong bones and

Calcium Potassium

Green Vegetables

Dairy Products

Bananas

Dates

Eggs Red Meat Nuts Pulses / Legumes

Iron

Phosphorus

Sodium Salt

Fish and Sea Food

Snack foods

Meat

Sea Fish

Iodine

Iodized Salt

Dairy Products