Karya Sastra Perancis Abad 19.id.en.docx

Literature of France Madame Bovary and Comparative Reception in France and Indonesia Muhammad Tifal Nawwafin 1. preliminary

authors who are interested in it is

Madame Bovary is a novelworks

Gustave Flaubert. He took the reality

of Gustave Flaubert, a writer bloody

of what happened in the French

French, first published in 1856 or in

society at the time of making his

the 19th century. This novel is

work as a guide Madame Bovary.

considered a reformer of French

Therefore, literature Madame Bovary

literature from the romantic era

regarded as mimesis or depictions of

monotony royalty obeying language

life at that time.

into postivisme period realism that

This work brings social change at

connects truth and nature so that the

the time of publication. At that time,

literary works not only with fantasy

Gustave Flaubert's Madame Bovary

and imagination but something real.

as the author of the law caught for

There are 3 large flow of French

violating the norms prevailing in

literature in the 19th century is

society

Romanticism, Positivism realism and

Flaubert to describe the degradation

idealism

of values in society by recording the

simbiolisme.

Author-

at

such

implement the footage to the literary

Baudelaire,

Emile

Flaubert, Zola,

and

Alexandre Dumas.

in

Gustave

fact

Gustave

occur

time.

penagarang famous at that time as

that

that

society

and

works of Madame Bovary. Different

cultures,

ways

of

The transition from romanticism

thinking, and a publication of literary

towards realism positivism occurred

works for the discrepancies between

in the 1850s in which something that

the public reception Indonesia and

is real is the subject of interest to be

France. The reception difference is a

used as a literary work. One of the

matter that needs to be investigated.

The

goal

was

to

determine

differences in the function of this

that requires artifacts or originals that can support the research.

literary work in French society and

The study is based on literary

the people of Indonesia through the

criticism is not only viewed from the

work of Madame Bovary translation.

perspective of the individual but from the perspective of the prevailing view

2. Reception Theory of Literature

of society at a particular time.

Literary reception is a notion that

Through this research, it can be

makes the reader as the respondent

seen opposition from the prevailing

as one of the factors to criticize a

view in society with the idea or

literary work.

innovation expressed by the authors

At the reception of literature, the reader has an important role in the

through literary works. 3. Comparison

reception

in

study, because the readers are

France and Indonesia

people who read, enjoy, assess, and

There are differences in the

take advantage of a literary work. A

public reaction to the publication of

text has open spots that occur due to

Madame Bovary in French literature

the asymmetric nature of literature

and Indonesia through the work of

and the reading process is to fill the

translation. This can occur due to

open spots. If the reader can fill in

different

the

perspectives,

open

spaces

of

the

then

communication between literary text

ways

of

cultures,

thinking, and

a

publication of literary works.

and the reader can be achieved and

Differences in people's reaction is

it is central to the theory of literary

evidence that there are differences

reception.

between the French public reception

In this paper the authors utilize

and Indonesia. How a novel can

the terms ktitik penilitian literature for

bring revolution in French literature

Madame Bovary is a literary work of

while in Indonesia is not too big

the past so it does not allow the use

influence on literary style that is used

of experimental research method

at this time.

Differences reception in France

people

with

writing.

Therefore,

and Indonesia is an interesting thing

Madame Bovary is something new in

to discuss because to know why

the future society that is considered

these differences occur it can be

as a revolutionary literary work.

seen also why literary Madame

In

the

early

days

of

the

Bovary can bring a revolution and a

publication of the novel Madame

change in the time of publication. In

Bovary in 1856, this work reap a big

addition,

controversy because of

it

is

known

also

the

Gustave

perspective and culture of French

Flaubert with his work is considered

society at that time to happen furor

in violation of the norms prevailing in

at

society.

a

time

when

literature

was

published.

Controversial

novel

Madame

Bovary dragged its author, Gustave 3.1. Reception Madame Bovary in French Novel considered

Flaubert, to be prosecuted in court in 1857. Gustave Flaubert considered

Madame as

Bovary

one

of

is

damaging norms prevailing in society

the

at that time. He described vividly the

revolutionary work at the time of

events

publication. The novel is regarded as

disgrace, even as it as something

mimesis or imitation of life in his time

natural

because realistically depicts how life

Flaubert can twist all the charges

at that time. Gustave Flaubert made

against him. He can convince the

observations on the events and

public and the court that his work

circumstances of people's everyday

can make someone afraid to sin. The

lives. This is something new in those

fear of the burden of sin and a

days in the previous era is the era of

lifetime of regret will make one's life

romanticism. Works of literature in

on the right path. Thanks to his

the era of romanticism tends to

intelligence

contain

demands, Gustave Flaubert freed

about

fantasy

and

imagination and very rare writer who combines the reality that occurs in

sensual

but

with

in

regarded

smart

as

a

Gustave

breaking

from the law and found not guilty.

the

Charges of Gustave Flaubert is

menjunjung tinggi realisme. Tidak

inseparable from the role of the

mengherankan jika Gustave Flaubert

bourgeoisie in power at the time. A

diakui Bapak Kesusastraan Modern

people

hypocritical

a

dan banyak sastrawan besar seperti

corrupt

preacher,

that

Kafka, James Joyce, Vargas Llosa,

dominates the capitalist regime and

dan masih banyak lagi menyatakan

have the ability to produce in other

diri

words people are to enjoy the luxury,

Gustave Flaubert.

wealth

and

Flaubert

in

moral a

clan

privileged. his

but

sebagai

pewaris-pewaris

Gustave

attack

of

the

3.2. Resepsi Madame Bovary di

bourgeoisie as the main character,

Indonesia

Emma Bovary, having an affair with

Terjemahan

her

friends

who

is

also

the

Karya

Melalui

terjemahan

Karya

Madame

bourgeoisie. The bourgeoisie is also

Bovary yang berjudul Nyonya Bovary

demanding for a literary work that is

terbit pertama kali di Indonesia pada

considered to attack their families,

tahun 2016, tahun terbit yang sudah

but because the case is also novel

terlampau lama sekali dari pertama

Madame Bovary into a hard sell

kali novel ini diterbitkan pada tahun

because besides selling the storyline

1856.

that's new at the time, is also selling

berpengaruh

novel sensation of cases of Gustave

resepsi masyarakat Indonesia dan

Flaubert.

Perancis

Novel Madame Bovary mendapat

Perbedaan

waktu

kepada

pada

penerbitannya

di

ini

perbedaan

masa

awal

abad

ke-19.

respon atau tanggapan yang luas di

Masyarakat Indonesia di tahun 2016

Perancis pada masa penerbitannya.

sudah banyak disuguhkan cerita-

Selain mendapat respon dari kaum

cerita

yang

karena

seorang istri dan seorang wanita

dianggap dengan berani mengkritik

yang menikah dengan orang yang

atau menyerang gaya hidup mereka,

tidak dicintainya sehingga respon

novel ini juga mendapat pengakuan

masyarakat Indonesia tidak seheboh

dari para sastrawan besar yang

respon masyarakat Perancis pada

berkuasa

saat

itu

semacam

perselingkuhan

abad ke-19 dimana hal-hal tersebut

Indonesia lebih mengenal khazanah

masih tabu untuk dibicarakan karena

kesusastraan dunia.

dianggap sebagai sebuah aib yang harus ditutupi.

4. Kesimpulan

Minat baca masyarakat Indonesia yang

masih

rendah

mempengaruhi

reaksi

juga

Madame

Bovary

mendapat

karya

tanggapan besar di Perancis pada

sastra terjemahan Nyonya Bovary.

masa awal penerbitannya namun

Pada

tanggapan

umumnya

dari

Dapat disimpulkan karya sastra

yang

membaca

tersebut

cenderung

karya sastra ini hanyalah sastrawan-

bersifat negatif sehingga menyeret

sastrawan

yang

penulisnya Gustave Flaubert untuk

penelitian

terhadap

berurusan dengan hukum. Karya

mahakarya

Bapak

Indonesia

melakukan sebuah

Kesusastraan

Modern,

Gustave

sastra

ini

dianggap

norma-norma

melanggar

masyarakat

dan

Flaubert, sedangkan hanya segelintir

cendrung menyerang kaum borjuis

masyarakat

yang memiliki kekuasaan.

Indonesia

yang

membaca bahkan yang tahu tentang karya revolusi sastra Perancis ini. Walaupun tidak terjadi perubahan

Karya Madame Bovary disambut dengan positif oleh para sastrawan Indonesia.

Karya

ini

dianggap

besar pada aliran sastra Indonesia

sebagai sebuah karya besar dan

akibat

Nyonya

sudah menjadi milik kesusastraan

Bovary, penerjemahan karya sastra

dunia namun karena minat baca

Madame Bovary tetap merupakan

masyarakat

hal yang tepat untuk dilakukan. Hal

maka penikmat karya sastra ini

tersebut

dilakukan

kebanyakan adalah para sastrawan

karena karya sastra Madame Bovary

atau pelajar sastra dan hanya sedikit

telah membawa perubahan besar

masyarakat biasa yang membaca

pada masanya dan karya sastra ini

novel

juga sudah menjadi milik sastra

penerjemahan

dunia sehingga

merupakan suata langkah yang tepat

karya

terjemahan

tepat

untuk

penerjemahannya

tepat dilakukan agar masyarakat

masih

ini.

untuk dilakukan.

relatif

Namun karya

rendah

demikian sastra

ini

Terdapat perbedaan pula pada fungsi

karya

sastra

ini

bagi

3/2001.

Yogyakarta:

Gajah

Mada University Press

masyarakat Perancis dan Indonesia. Di

Perancis

karya

sastra

ini dan

Mojokertoensis. Madame Bovary -

menyindir masyarakat yang saat itu

Gustave Flaubert. September

telah

30,

digunakan

untuk

banyak

mengkritik

menyimpang

dari

2010.

norma-norma yang benar khususnya

http://pojokbukubuku.blogspot.

kaum

di

com/2010/09/madame-bovary-

ini

gustave-flaubert.html

borjuis.

Indonesia,

Sementara

karya

sastra

digunakan sebagai pedoman untuk membandingkan suatu karya sastra, Teeuw, A. 1984. Literature and

bahan penelitian sampai hiburan. Masih

banyak

cara

untuk

meresepsi karya sastra Madame

Literary

Studies.

Central

Jakarta: World Pustaka Jaya

Bovary dalam berbagain perspektif. Dengan

banyaknya

resepsi

dari

berbagai perspektif, diharapkan hal tersebut

dapat

wawasan

bagi

memperluas pembaca

dan

Sastranesia.

Gustave

Flaubert,

Father of Modern Literature. December

24,

2014.

http://sastranesia.com/gustave

peminat karya sastra Indonesia.

-flaubert-bapak-kesusastraanmodern/ Susanto Hadi. Literary Reception DAFTAR PUSTAKA Hariti,

Siti.

2001.

Karya

Theory and Application. March

Sastra

26,

2017.

Perancis Abad ke-19 Madame

https://bagawanabiyasa.wordpr

Bovary

ess.com/2017/03/26/teori-

dan

Indonesia,

Resepsinya Dalam

di

Jurnal

Humaniora, Volume XIII, No.

resepsi-sastra-danpenerapannya/

Riungsastra. Receptions Literature (Theory

and

Methods

of

Implementation). August 4th, 2012. https://riungsastra.wordpress.c om/2012/08/04/resepsi-sastrateori-dan-metodepenerapannya/

Soeratno, Siti. 2001. The reception Literature and Its Problems, In Literature Methodology.

Research Yogyakarta:

Graha Hanindita Widiya