Iron Extraction

EXTRACTION OF IRON

ELEMENT NA0ME:IRON ORE:-

HAEMATITE (FE2O3)

VARIOUS STEPS INVOLVED IN THE EXTVACTION OF IRON METAL ARE AS FOLLOWS:

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1. CONCENTRATION OF ORE: IT IS DANE BY THE METHED OF HYDREWLIC WASHING. 2. CALCINATION: HE WASHED ORE IS then strongly heated in the absence of air to expel water shacking to it. 3. Reduction: the washed and dried are (hematite) is mixed with coke and limes tone and put into a blast fence from the top a blast of het air is blew into the furnace from near the bottom. this air supplies oxygen for the burning of coke.

(1)

NEAR THE BOTTOM OF THE FURNACE,COKE BURNS IN AIR TO FORM CARBON DIOXIDE, REALEASING HEAT C

(CARBON )

+

O2 (OXYGEN )

CO2 (CARBON

DIOXIDE)

+

HEAT

Following reactions take place in the blast furnace leading to the foundation of iron metal.

(2) CARBON DIOXIDE THEN REACTS WITH COKE TO FORM CARBON MONOXIDE AND ACTS AS REDUCING AGENT. CO2

+

C

2CO CARBON MONOXIDE

(3) IN TH E U PPER PART OF THE FURNACE, CARBON MONOXIDE REDUCES IRON (3)OXIDE TO IRON METAL.

FE2O3 + HAEMATITE

3CO 2FE + 3CO2 CARBON MONOXIDE IRON METAL

(4) IN THE BLAST FURANCE LIME STONE DECOMPESES TO FORM CALCIUM OXIDE AND CARBON DIOXIDE CACO3

HEAT

CAO

+

CO2

5) THE SAND IS REMOVED FROM BLAST FURANCE IN THE FORM OF LIQUID SLAG BY ADDING LIMES TONE AS FLIX. CAO

+

SCO2

CASIO3

THE MOLTEN IRON AND MOLTEN SLAG ARE TAKEN OUT THROUGH SEPARATE OUTLETS AT THE BOTTOM OF THE BLAST FURNACE. THE IRON METAL THUS OBTAINED IS CALLED PIG IRON. IT IS NOT VERY USEFUL BECAUSE IT CONTAINS SOME IMPURITIUES. AS PIG IRON IS NOT VERY USEFUL BECAUSE OF THE IMPURITIUES PRESENT IN IT, IT IS FARTHEN REFINED THROUGH THE PROCESS OF OXIDATIVE REFINING. THE IRON THUS OBTAINED IS CALLED WROUGHT IRON WHICH IS THE PUREST FORM OF IRON.

Extraction of Iron 

The diagram shows the process to extract Iron

Uses of Iron 

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1. Iron is used as alloys with carbon and other elements. The two common alloys of carbon are Cast Iron and Steel. 2. Cast Iron is used to make bed plates of various machines and heavy-duty parts. 3. Iron is also used to make some house hold utensils and factory equipments. 4. Iron is used as catalyst in preparation of man compounds. 5. Steel is used as building material for many construction purposes.

THANKS

SUBMITTED BY: RAJESH KUMAR VIKAS AMARDEEP. CLASS:-9TH C