Interested In Contributing To Wikipedia

Interested in contributing to Wikipedia?

Human anatomy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search

List of bones of the human skeleton Human anatomy, which, with physiology and biochemistry is a complementary basic medical science (See Anatomy) is primarily the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human body.[1] Anatomy is subdivided into gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy.[1] Gross anatomy (also called topographical anatomy, regional anatomy, or anthropotomy) is the study of anatomical structures that can be seen by unaided vision.[1] Microscopic anatomy is the study of minute anatomical structures assisted with microscopes, which includes histology (the study of the organization of tissues),[1] and cytology (the study of cells). Anatomy, physiology (the study of function) and biochemistry (the study of the chemistry of living structures) are complementary basic medical sciences which are usually taught together (or in tandem).

In some of its facets human anatomy is closely related to embryology, comparative anatomy and comparative embryology,[1] through common roots in evolution; for example, much of the human body maintains the ancient segmental pattern that is present in all vertebrates with basic units being repeated, which is particularly obvious in the vertebral column and in the ribcage, and can be traced from very early embryos. The human body consists of biological systems, that consist of organs, that consist of tissues, that consist of cells and connective tissue. The history of anatomy has been characterized, over time, by a continually developing understanding of the functions of organs and structures in the body. Methods have also advanced dramatically, advancing from examination of animals through dissection of preserved cadavers (dead human bodies) to technologically complex techniques developed in the 20th century.

Contents [hide]

• • • • •

1 Study o 1.1 Regional groups o 1.2 Major organ systems 2 Superficial anatomy 3 Internal organs 4 Brain 5 See also 6 References

•

7 External links

•

[edit] Study

A full articulated human skeleton used in education Generally, medical students, dentists, physiotherapists, nurses, paramedics, radiographers, artists, and students of certain biological sciences, learn gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy from anatomical models, skeletons, textbooks, diagrams, photographs, lectures, and tutorials. The study of microscopic anatomy (or histology) can be aided by practical experience examining histological preparations (or slides) under a microscope; and in addition, medical and dental students generally also learn anatomy with practical experience of dissection and inspection of cadavers (dead human bodies). A thorough working knowledge of anatomy is required by all medical doctors, especially surgeons, and doctors working in some diagnostic specialities, such as histopathology and radiology. Human anatomy, physiology and, biochemistry are complementary basic medical sciences, which are generally taught to medical students in their first year at medical school. Human anatomy can be taught regionally or systemically;[1] that is, respectively, studying anatomy by bodily regions such as the head and chest, or studying by specific systems, such as the nervous or respiratory systems. The major anatomy textbook, Gray's Anatomy, has recently been reorganized from a systems format to a regional format,[2][3] in line with modern teaching methods.

[edit] Regional groups

• • • • • •

•

Head and neck — includes everything above the thoracic inlet Upper limb — includes the hand, wrist, forearm, elbow, arm, and shoulder. Thorax — the region of the chest from the thoracic inlet to the thoracic diaphragm. Human abdomen to the pelvic brim or to the pelvic inlet. The back — the spine and its components, the vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx, and intervertebral disks . Pelvis and Perineum — the pelvis consists of everything from the pelvic inlet to the pelvic diaphragm. The perineum is the region between the sex organs and the anus. Lower limb — everything below the inguinal ligament, including the hip, the thigh, the knee, the leg, the ankle, and the foot.

[edit] Major organ systems • • •

• • •

• • •

• •

Circulatory system: pumping and channeling blood to and from the body and lungs with heart, blood, and blood vessels. Digestive system: digestion and processing food with salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, intestines, rectum, and anus. Endocrine system: communication within the body using hormones made by endocrine glands such as the hypothalamus, pituitary or pituitary gland, pineal body or pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroids, and adrenals or adrenal glands Immune system: protecting against disease by identifying and killing pathogens and tumor cells. Integumentary system: skin, hair and nails Lymphatic system: structures involved in the transfer of lymph between tissues and the blood stream, the lymph and the nodes and vessels that transport it including the Immune system: defending against disease-causing agents with leukocytes, tonsils, adenoids, thymus, and spleen Activity system: movement with muscles and human skeleton (structural support and protection with bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons). Nervous system: collecting, transferring and processing information with brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and nerves Reproductive system: the sex organs, such as ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands, testes, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, and penis. Respiratory system: the organs used for breathing, the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. Urinary system: kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra involved in fluid balance, electrolyte balance and excretion of urine.

[edit] Superficial anatomy Superficial anatomy or surface anatomy is important in human anatomy being the study of anatomical landmarks that can be readily identified from the contours or other

reference points on the surface of the body.[1] With knowledge of superficial anatomy, physicians gauge the position and anatomy of the associated deeper structures. Common names of well known parts of the human body, from top to bottom: • • • • • • •

Head — Forehead — Jaw — Face — Cheek — Chin Neck — Shoulders Arm — Elbow — Wrist — Hand — Fingers — Thumb Spine — Chest — Ribcage Abdomen — Groin Hip — Buttocks — Leg — Thigh — Knee — Calf — Heel — Ankle — Foot — Toes The eye, ear, nose, mouth, teeth, tongue, throat, adam's apple, breast, penis, scrotum, clitoris, vulva, navel are visible too.

[edit] Internal organs Common names of internal organs (in alphabetical order) : Adrenals — Appendix — Bladder — Brain — Eyes — Gall bladder — Heart — Intestines — Kidney — Liver — Lungs — Esophagus — Ovaries — Pancreas — Parathyroids — Pituitary — Prostate — Spleen — Stomach — Testicles — Thymus — Thyroid — Uterus — Veins

[edit] Brain Main article: Human brain Amygdala — Brain stem — Cerebellum — Cerebral cortex — Limbic system — medulla — midbrain — pons

[edit] See also • • • • • • • • • • •

Anatomy Body orifices Death Human Human biology Human body Terms for anatomical location List of human anatomical features List of human anatomical parts named after people Visible Human Project List of regions in the human brain

• • •

List of bones of the human skeleton List of muscles of the human body List of distinct cell types in the adult human body

[edit] References 1. ^ a b c d e f g "Introduction page, "Anatomy of the Human Body". Henry Gray. 20th edition. 1918". Retrieved on 27 March 2007. 2. ^ "Publisher's page for Gray's Anatomy. 39th edition (UK). 2004. ISBN 0-443-07168-3". Retrieved on 27 March 2007. 3. ^ "Publisher's page for Gray's Anatomy. 39th edition (US). 2004. ISBN 0-443-07168-3". Retrieved on 27 March 2007. •

"Anatomy of the Human Body". 20th edition. 1918. Henry Gray. In public domain.

[edit] External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Human anatomy • • • •

Anatomy Dissection videos e-Anatomy - Interactive atlas of whole human body cross-sectional anatomy. Anatomy Lab - Interactive quizzes, question-of-the-week, and photographs. The Anatomy Wiz - An Interactive Cross-Sectional Anatomy Index

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_anatomy" Categories: Human anatomy Views • • • •

Article Discussion Edit this page History

Personal tools •

Log in / create account

Navigation • • • • •

Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article

Search

Interaction • • • • • •

About Wikipedia Community portal Recent changes Contact Wikipedia Donate to Wikipedia Help

Toolbox • • • • • • •

What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Printable version Permanent link Cite this page

Languages • • • • • • • • • • • • •

‫العربية‬ Aragonés বাংলা Bân-lâm-gú Català Eesti Español Esperanto Euskara ‫فارسی‬ Français 한국어 ििनदी

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Íslenska Italiano ‫עברית‬ Kurdî / ‫كوردی‬ Latviešu Lojban Magyar Македонски Nederlands 日本語 Norsk (bokmål) Norsk (nynorsk) Polski Português Română Русский Simple English Slovenčina Slovenščina Basa Sunda Suomi Svenska Tagalog ไทย Українська ‫ייִדיש‬ 中文

• •

This page was last modified on 1 August 2008, at 21:07. All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. (See Copyrights for details.) Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a U.S. registered 501(c)(3) tax-deductible nonprofit charity. Privacy policy About Wikipedia Disclaimers

• • •

HUMAN ANATOMY Home Page Head & Torso Skeletal System Muscular System Nervous System Circulatory System Respiration System Digestive, Urinary Reproduction The Skin Teeth & Jaws Ear, Nose & Throat Eyes & Sight Fun Stuff J uSt FoR Kid S Elsewhere Charts & Posters Anatomy Books

Welcome to one-stop shopping for your human anatomy education needs. We recogni needs cover an entire spectrum: introduction to anatomy for elementary school children, mor studies for those in middle and high school and, of course, college and medical school. Doc anatomical models for patient education. Hospitals use them to train their staffs. The needs Plus various medical specialties all have their own needs. But rest assured that you will find want. We offer the world's largest selection of anatomical models, so you can find the ones individual needs. We've provided detailed descriptions, but if you require additional help, the our Customer Service Representatives at the number shown above.

JuSt FoR KidS

Heads & To

Introduces kids to Human Anatomy through science kits, anatomical models, books and anatomical charts. Great for both elementary and middle school students.

These Anatom depict all of the systems. Both models show b muscles. The brains, eyes,. e contain all of th organs of the h

Skeletal System

Muscular S

Huge Section. Here you will find a large selection of human skulls, human skeletons, joints, spinal columns, and extremities. Bones, bones and more bones. Even real human skulls and skeletons.

A large section body muscle fi of the head an extremities and Many are inval education and

Heart, Circulation

Brain / Nerv

Here you will find great anatomical models that show how the circulatory system actually works, plus lots of heart models -one suitable for everything from elementary education to advanced medical studies.

Dr. Frankenste mistake was u brain in creatin Here you'll find first-class brain have a budget models of the h system.

Lungs / Respiration

Digestive &

Anatomical models of the lungs and cardiopulmonary system. Some also show heart, pulmonary arties and veins, esophagus and diaphragm.

An extensive e both the huma system and the system, includ kidneys, liver, a and more.

Reproduction

The Skin

Male and Female Pelvis sections and genitals. Special section on life before birth, pregnancy and childbirth. Includes human breast models and those that depict cancer.

Models showin skin with hair a Also acne, skin burn pathologi

Ear, Nose & Throat

Tooth & Ja

Great assortment of models to

Under Constru