Grammar Unit 16

Grammar – Unit 16

Past Perfect Continuous (I had been doing)

Agenda 

Learning Objectives



Example Set A - action which started in the past and continued up until another time in the past.



Example Set B - action that occurred for a period of time before something else happened.



Example Set C - comparison between present perfect continuous and past perfect continuous.



Example Set D - comparison between past continuous and past perfect continuous.



Example Set E - verbs that are not normally used in continuous. Past Perfect Continuous

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Agenda  Learning Objectives



Example Set A for the action which started in the past and continued up until another time in the past.



Example Set B for the action that occurred for a period of time before something else happened.



Example Set C for comparison between present perfect continuous and past perfect continuous.



Example Set D for comparison between past continuous and past perfect continuous.



Example Set E for the verbs that are not normally used in continuous. Past Perfect Continuous

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Learning Objectives Past Perfect continuous ( I had been doing) 

Is used for action that started and continued up until another time



Action that occurred for a period of time before something else happened.



Comparison between Present Perfect continuous and Past Perfect Continuous.



Comparison between Past Continuous and Past Perfect Continuous.



Verbs that are not used in the continuous.

Past Perfect Continuous

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Example Set A - The action that occurred in the past and continued up until another time in the past. Study this example situation:  Yesterday morning I got up and looked out of the window. The

sun was shining, but the ground was very wet. It had been raining. It was not raining when I looked out of the window; The sun was shining. But it had been raining before.

Past Perfect Continuous

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Continue.. Had been –ing is the past perfect continuous:

I/we/you/they (= I’d etc.) He/she/it had (= he’d etc.)

Past Perfect Continuous

been

Doing working Playing etc.

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Continue.. Some more examples: When the boys came into the house, their clothes were dirty, their hair was untidy and one of them had a black eye. They’d been fighting. I was very tired, when I got home. I’d been working hard all day. When I went to Madrid a few years ago, I stayed with a friend of mine. She’d been living there only a short time but knew the city very well.

Past Perfect Continuous

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Agenda 

Learning Objectives



Example Set A for the action which started in the past and continued up until another time in the past.



Example Set B for the action that occurred for a period of time before something else happened.



Example Set C for comparison between present perfect continuous and past perfect continuous.



Example Set D for comparison between past continuous and past perfect continuous.



Example Set E for the verbs that are not normally used in continuous. Past Perfect Continuous

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Example Set B You can say that something had been happening for a period of time before something else happened: We’d been playing tennis for about half an hour when it started to rain heavily. George went to the doctor last Friday. He hadn’t been feeling well for some time.

Past Perfect Continuous

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Agenda 

Learning Objectives



Example Set A for the action which started in the past and continued up until something happened in the past,



Example Set B for the action which occurred for a period of time before something else happened.



Example Set C for comparison between Present perfect continuous and Past perfect continuous.



Example Set D for comparison between Past continuous and Past perfect continuous



Example Set E for the verbs that are not normally used in the continuous. Past Perfect Continuous

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Example Set C Compare have been –ing (present perfect continuous) and had been –ing (past perfect continuous): past perfect continuous

Present perfect continuous

I have been -ing

past

I had been -ing now

past

 I hope the bus comes soon. I’ve been

waiting for 20 minutes. (before now)  James is out of breath. He has been running.

now

 At last the bus came. I’d been waiting

for 20 minutes. before the bus came)  James was out of breath. He had been

running.

Past Perfect Continuous

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Agenda 

Learning Objectives



Example Set A for the action which started in the past and continued up until something



Example Set B for the action that occurred for a period of time before something else happened.



Example Set C for comparison between Past perfect continuous and Past perfect continuous



Example Set D for comparison between Past continuous and Past perfect continuous.



Example Set E for the verbs that are not normally used in the continuous. Past Perfect Continuous

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Example Set D Compare was –ing (past continuous) and had been –ing:

 It wasn’t raining when we went out. The sun was shining. But it

had been raining, so the ground was wet.  Cathy was sitting in an armchair resting. She was tired because

she’d been working very hard.

Past Perfect Continuous

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Agenda 

Learning Objectives



Example Set A for the action which started in the past and continued up until something happened in the past,



Example Set B for the action which occurred for a period of time before something else happened.



Example Set C for comparison between Present perfect continuous and Past perfect continuous



Example Set D for comparison between Past continuous and Past perfect continuous.



Example Set E for the verbs that are not normally used in the continuous. Past Perfect Continuous

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Example Set E

– Verbs that are normally not

used in the continuous Some verbs (for example, know and like) are not normally used in the continuous:  We were good friends. We had known each other for years.

(not had been knowing)

Past Perfect Continuous

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Summary 

Learning Objectives



Example Set A for the action which started in the past and continued up until something happened in the past,



Example Set B for the action which occurred for a period of time before something else happened.



Example Set C for comparison between Present perfect continuous and Past perfect continuous



Example Set D for comparison between Past continuous and Past perfect continuous.



Example Set E for the verbs that are not normally used in the continuous. Past Perfect Continuous

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