Grammar Unit 47
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Grammar – Unit 47 Reported speech 1 (He said that…)
Agenda
Learning Objectives
Example Set A - direct speech and reported speech
Example Set B - the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
Example Set C - the past simple can be changed to past perfect Reported speech 1
2
Agenda
Learning Objectives
Example Set A - direct speech and reported speech.
Example Set B - the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
Example Set C - the past simple can be changed to past perfect
Reported speech 1
3
Learning Objectives
Reported speech •
Two types of speech-direct speech and reported speech
•
The present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
•
The verb in past simple form can be changed to past perfect form
Reported speech 1
4
Agenda
Learning Objectives
Example Set A - direct speech and reported speech
Example Set B - the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
Example Set C - the past simple can be changed to past perfect Reported speech 1
5
Example Set A - direct speech and reported speech Study this example situation: I’m feeling ill.
You want to tell somebody what Paul said. There are two ways of doing this: You can repeat Paul’s words (direct speech): Paul said, ‘I’m feeling ill.’ Or you can use reported speech: Paul said that he was feeling ill.
Reported speech 1
6
Continue..
Compare:
direct
Paul said, ‘ I
reported Paul said that he
am
feeling ill.’
In writing we use these quotation marks to show direct speech.
was feeling ill.
Reported speech 1
7
Agenda Learning Objectives
Example Set A - direct speech and reported speech.
Example Set B - the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
Example Set C - the past simple can be changed to past perfect
Reported speech 1
8
Example Set B - the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
What we use reported speech, the main verb of the sentence is usually past (Paul said that ….. / I told her that ……….. etc.). The rest of the sentence is usually past too: □ Paul said that he was feeling ill. □ I told Lisa that I didn’t have any money.
You can leave out that. So you can say: □ Paul said that he was feeling ill. or Paul said he was feeling ill
Reported speech 1
9
Continue… In general, the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech: am / is was
do / does did
will would
are were
have / has had
can could
want / like / know / go etc. wanted / liked / went etc.
Reported speech 1
10
Continue..
Compare direct speech and reported speech:
You met Jenny. Here are some of the things she said in direct speech:
Later you tell somebody what Jenny said.
‘My parents are very well.’
You use reported speech: □ Jenny said that her parents were very well.
‘I’m going to learn to drive.’
She said that she was going to learn to drive
‘I want to buy a car.’
□ She said that she wanted to buy a car.
‘John has a new job.’
□ She said that John had a new job.
‘I can’t come to the party on Friday.’
□ She said that she couldn’t come to the party on Friday.
‘I don’t have much free time.’
□ She said she didn’t have much free time.
‘I’m going away for a few days. I’ll phone you when I get back.’
□ She said that she was going away for a Few days and would phone me when she got back. Reported speech 1
11
Agenda Learning Objectives
Example Set A - direct speech and reported speech.
Example Set B - the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
Example Set C - the past simple can be changed to past perfect
Reported speech 1
12
Example Set C - the past simple can be changed to past perfect
The past simple (did / saw /knew etc.) can usually stay the same in reported speech, or you can change it to the past perfect ( had done / had seen / had known etc.):
□ direct
Paul said: ‘I woke up feeling ill, so I didn’t go to work.’
reported Paul said: (that) he woke up feeling, so he didn’t go work. or Paul said: (that) he had woken up feeling ill, so he hadn’t gone to work
Reported speech 1
13
Summary Learning Objectives
Example Set A - direct speech and reported speech.
Example Set B - the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
Example Set C - the past simple can be changed to past perfect
Reported speech 1
14
Agenda
Learning Objectives
Example Set A - direct speech and reported speech
Example Set B - the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
Example Set C - the past simple can be changed to past perfect Reported speech 1
2
Agenda
Learning Objectives
Example Set A - direct speech and reported speech.
Example Set B - the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
Example Set C - the past simple can be changed to past perfect
Reported speech 1
3
Learning Objectives
Reported speech •
Two types of speech-direct speech and reported speech
•
The present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
•
The verb in past simple form can be changed to past perfect form
Reported speech 1
4
Agenda
Learning Objectives
Example Set A - direct speech and reported speech
Example Set B - the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
Example Set C - the past simple can be changed to past perfect Reported speech 1
5
Example Set A - direct speech and reported speech Study this example situation: I’m feeling ill.
You want to tell somebody what Paul said. There are two ways of doing this: You can repeat Paul’s words (direct speech): Paul said, ‘I’m feeling ill.’ Or you can use reported speech: Paul said that he was feeling ill.
Reported speech 1
6
Continue..
Compare:
direct
Paul said, ‘ I
reported Paul said that he
am
feeling ill.’
In writing we use these quotation marks to show direct speech.
was feeling ill.
Reported speech 1
7
Agenda Learning Objectives
Example Set A - direct speech and reported speech.
Example Set B - the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
Example Set C - the past simple can be changed to past perfect
Reported speech 1
8
Example Set B - the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
What we use reported speech, the main verb of the sentence is usually past (Paul said that ….. / I told her that ……….. etc.). The rest of the sentence is usually past too: □ Paul said that he was feeling ill. □ I told Lisa that I didn’t have any money.
You can leave out that. So you can say: □ Paul said that he was feeling ill. or Paul said he was feeling ill
Reported speech 1
9
Continue… In general, the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech: am / is was
do / does did
will would
are were
have / has had
can could
want / like / know / go etc. wanted / liked / went etc.
Reported speech 1
10
Continue..
Compare direct speech and reported speech:
You met Jenny. Here are some of the things she said in direct speech:
Later you tell somebody what Jenny said.
‘My parents are very well.’
You use reported speech: □ Jenny said that her parents were very well.
‘I’m going to learn to drive.’
She said that she was going to learn to drive
‘I want to buy a car.’
□ She said that she wanted to buy a car.
‘John has a new job.’
□ She said that John had a new job.
‘I can’t come to the party on Friday.’
□ She said that she couldn’t come to the party on Friday.
‘I don’t have much free time.’
□ She said she didn’t have much free time.
‘I’m going away for a few days. I’ll phone you when I get back.’
□ She said that she was going away for a Few days and would phone me when she got back. Reported speech 1
11
Agenda Learning Objectives
Example Set A - direct speech and reported speech.
Example Set B - the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
Example Set C - the past simple can be changed to past perfect
Reported speech 1
12
Example Set C - the past simple can be changed to past perfect
The past simple (did / saw /knew etc.) can usually stay the same in reported speech, or you can change it to the past perfect ( had done / had seen / had known etc.):
□ direct
Paul said: ‘I woke up feeling ill, so I didn’t go to work.’
reported Paul said: (that) he woke up feeling, so he didn’t go work. or Paul said: (that) he had woken up feeling ill, so he hadn’t gone to work
Reported speech 1
13
Summary Learning Objectives
Example Set A - direct speech and reported speech.
Example Set B - the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
Example Set C - the past simple can be changed to past perfect
Reported speech 1
14
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