Enp301_09lec8 [compatibility Mode]

ENP 301 : ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

L t Lecture -8

Part - II: EIA Methods and Techniques Session 6 : Concept of Significant Impacts, Alternative Evaluation

September 29, 2009

Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9

Summary of session 7 z Type of EIA methods { Interaction Matrix Methods z Simple Matrix – Leopold Matrix z Stepped Matrices or Cross Impact Matrix z Other Matrices Methods

{ Working with Matrix: Important Point { Network methods z Network Diagram z Impact Tree z Directed Diagraph

Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9

Phases of EIA Phase 1: Defining the Goals Phase 2: Identifying the Potential Impacts

Steps for Identification of Impacts ? Step 1: Base line study for Environmental Settings Step 2: Classification of Impacts Step 3: Development of Analytical Framework Step 4: Screening St 5: Step 5 Scoping S i

Phase 3: Predicting the Significant Impacts Phase 4: Evaluation of Impacts Phase 5: Incorporation of Measures or Alternatives for Impact Minimizations Phase 6: Reporting Phase 7: Monitoring and Feedback Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9

EIA Process

Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9

Phase 3: Measuring the Baseline Conditions

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Purpose p of EIA is to p predict the impact p with p project j and thus it is important to know the condition without the project i.e. Baseline

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Precise evaluation of conditions will lead to accuracy in prediction.

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Understand the pattern of natural fluctuations

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Baseline study already discussed

Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9

Phase 3: Establishing the Approaches for Prediction of Impacts z Testing Effect of Project: Available tools { Case Studies { Models { Laboratory studies { Field perturbation experiments { Ecological Theory

z Main purpose is to strengthen the understanding of the area and nature of project's impact at test level. z It is not the full-fledged prediction, but setting-up of a areas specific tested approach. Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9

Phase 3: Establishing the Approaches for Prediction of Impacts 1. Case Studies Potential: { Can guide to establish an approach { Can C provide id the th insight i i ht into i t the th applicable li bl methods th d already l d in i practice ti Limitations: { Availability Limited { Even E if credibility dibilit is i in i from f off approval, l it may nott be b taken t k as only l method. { Areas Specific in nature { Also, several un-measurable factors may differ.

2. Models Potential Strengths: { Increased level of Computational capabilities, GIS, SPSS etc. { Better accuracy Limitation: { Too mathematical; difficult to understand by regulators, general public and few other stake holder. holder { Better accuracy demand a large input dataset, which is difficult to collect and compile in required input format/structure

Phase 3: Establishing the Approaches for Prediction of Impacts 3. Laboratory studies Potential: { Extremely helpful to understand the reactions and process likely to take place in case of factual project { Specially in case of chemical, physical and biological reactions Limitations: { As the scale changes from laboratory to actual field, the whole process may change { Require deep understanding to boundary conditions/ limiting factors and other controlling parameters { Some process may become uncontrolled Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9

Phase 3: Establishing the Approaches for Prediction of Impacts

4. Field perturbation experiments Potential: { Incorporating the complex natural process happening simultaneously and observing the behaviors of environmental Component. Limitations: { It is only indicative and carry limitations same way as in case of laboratory experiments.

Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9

Phase 3: Establishing the Approaches for Prediction of Impacts

5. Ecological g Theory: y Potential: z Develop an theoretical assessment framework z Cover the multi dimensional synthesis of various aspects

Limitations: z Generally, not included in EIA and remained neglected z Limited understanding of ecological systems

Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9

Thank you. you