ENP 301 : ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Lecture - 7
Part - I: EIA Methods and Techniques Session 5: Introduction to EIA Methods Multi Attribute Utility Theory Matrices Methods (Leopold Matrix, Network Methods)
September 22, 22 2009
Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Phases of EIA Phase 1: Defining the Goals Phase 2: Identifying the Potential Impacts
Steps for Identification of Impacts ? Step 1: Base line study for Environmental Settings Step 2: Classification of Impacts Step 3: Development of Analytical Framework Step 4: Screening St 5: Step 5 Scoping S i
Phase 3: Predicting the Significant Impacts Phase 4: Evaluation of Impacts Phase 5: Incorporation of Measures or Alternatives for Impact Minimizations Phase 6: Reporting Phase 7: Monitoring and Feedback
Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Summary of Last session Phase 2: Identifying the Potential Impacts Step 3: Development of Analytical Framework Methodologies Selection
Steps for Identification of Impacts ? Step 1: Base line study for Environmental Settings Step 2: Classification of Impacts Step 3: Development of Analytical Framework Step 4: Screening Step 5: Scoping
Type of EIA methods Checklist 9 Simple Checklist 9 Modified Checklists 9 Comprehensive Questionnaire checklist with Health focus 9 Descriptive Checklist EIA methodologies: Checklist ?
What it is? Where checklist method is highly useful? What are different type of checklists? Where each of them is useful? How to proceed? What should be it’s content? Can we q quantify y using g the checklist method? How to integrate quantification with Checklist? 3
Phase 2: Identifying the Potential Impacts Step 3: Development of Analytical Framework
Today’ss session Today
Steps for Identification of Impacts ? Step 1: Base line study for Environmental Settings Step 2: Classification of Impacts Step 3: Development of Analytical Framework Step 4: Screening Step 5: Scoping
Type of EIA methods
Interaction Matrix Methods
Simple Si l Matrix M t i – Leopold L ld Matrix M ti Stepped Matrices or Cross Impact Matrix Other Matrices Methods
Working with Matrix: Important Point
Network methods Network Diagram Impact Tree Directed Diagraph Sorensen Network
Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Interaction Matrix Methods
A method to display the Project actions/activities along g one axis of matrix, and the appropriate pp p environmental factors on other axis.
IInteraction t ti points i t in i matrix t i may further f th described d ib d iin terms of separate or combined magnitude and importance considerations.
Types
Simple Matrices (Leopold) S ( ) Stepped Matrices
Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Simple Matrix – Leopold Matrix
Leopold: Each action and its potential for creating an impact on each environmental items should be considered and where ever interaction expected, to be marked. (Step 1)
Step 2: To describe the interaction in terms of its magnitude (M) and importance (I).
Step 3: Magnitude – Extensity/Scale by assigning a value 1 to 10 based on the objective evaluation of facts related to anticipated impact
Step 4: Importance – Interaction related to its significance, or an assessment of the probable consequences of anticipated impact.
Assign value of Importance/significance value from 1 to 10.
Some subjectivity involved of the group, interdisciplinary team OR individual. Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar,
Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Simple Matrix – Leopold Matrix Advantages of Leopold Matrix
Flexibility to expand or contract (number of actions/ potential impacts)
Useful as gross screening tool for impact identification purposes
Valuable for communicating the impact by displaying the major actions and impacted items.
Summation of rows and column designated as having interactions offers insight into the impact assessment
Further refinement is possible
Can be used to identify the beneficial and detrimental impacts
Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Simple Matrix – Leopold Matrix
Source: Canter
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Simple Matrix – Leopold Matrix
Source: Canter
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Simple Matrix – Leopold Matrix
Scale and Rating in Leopold Matrix
Impact Identification Scale = Magnitude + Importance
Impact probability Scale
Scale for Impact Reversibility of beneficial and detrimental Impact
Rating using the predefined codes SB SA B A b a O M NA
- Significant beneficial impact - Significant adverse impact - Beneficial Impact - Adverse Impact - Small beneficial impact - Small adverse impact - No measurable Impact - Mitigation measures can be used to control adverse impact - not applicable
Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Leopold Matrix
Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Leopold Matrix
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Stepped Matrices or Cross Impact Matrix
A matrix in which Environmental Factor (EF) displayed against other EF, EF showing consequences of initial change in some EF into other EF
Tracing of Impact E Env. S t System Approach A h Lies between Matrices and Network methods Visually complicated
Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Stepped Matrices or Cross Impact Matrix
Project Action Primary impact Secondary Impact Tertiary Impact Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
-3 -D - A, F - B, H, I
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Work flow diagram for Stepped Matrix
Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Other Matrices Methods
Environmental Baseline Matrix
Summarizes the evaluation
Scale of Importance p Scale of present condition Scale of Management
Adaptive Environmental Assessment
Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Working with Matrix: Important Point 1.
Critically/ Carefully define
2.
Environmental Factors spatial boundaries associated with environmental factors Temporal Phases associated with project Impact rating Summarization scales
Considered as tool
Purpose of analysis
Rational of Impact rating within boundary conditions
Preliminary matrices useful in screening the EF and baseline understanding for detailed investigations
Creative rating/scale mechanism to be designed ¾
Phase based Factor/Action in light of Rating in One phase/Total all phases
¾
Factor/Action in light of Cumulative Impacts based (One phase/ All phase)
¾
Factor/Action in light of mitigation measures (without/with mitigations)
Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Working with Matrix: Important Point 3.
Same Base matrix in spatial boundaries, EF< Temporal phase in case of use for Alternative E l ti – Better Evaluation B tt Trade T d off ff Analysis A l i
4.
Impact Quantification and Comparison in light of applicable standards
5.
Should be made more understandable by using Number or Colors or Notations or letter
6.
Group of project actions vs. individual action
7.
Internal Working tool may not be included in final summarization, if not required Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar,
Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Network method
Cause – consequence tracing through identifying the interrelationships between action and EF.
Illustration in Sequence Diagram
Linear Network display
Advantageous
Identification of Impacts Organization of Discussion and communicating
Limitation
Limited information beyond the impact identification Can become Visually complicated
Type
Network Diagram Impact Tree Directed Diagraph Sorensen Network
Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Network method – Network Diagram
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Network method - Impact I Tree T
Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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Network method Di Directed d Di Diagraph h
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Reading for next session Chapter 4 and 5 of Canter
Thanks you y
Course Instructor: Er. Ashwani Kumar, Asstt. Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT, Ahmedabad - 9
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