English Project

Made by: Daniel Azimov Yotam Malka Shovel Maman Tomer Meirov Teacher: Shula Fourier School: Ort Bialik

Table of Contents Introduction……………………………………...3

What Is a Smoking Addiction? ………………..4

Why Is Smoking Addictive? ……………...…...7

Is Smoking A Physical Addiction? …............10

Bibliography …..……………………………….12

Reflection …….………………………………..13

Introduction Smoking is a kind of self destruction. It is very addictive and dangerous for health. In this project we will tray to understand and explain the course to that addiction.

We chose this topic, smoking because we know that smoking isn't healthy and people should quit smoking. We want to learn more about smoking and the problems it causes to the human body. We have found the material for the project mostly in the Internet.

What is smoking Addiction? Smoking addiction means a person who has formed an uncontrollable dependence on cigarettes to the point where stopping smoking would cause severe emotional, mental, or physical reactions. Everyone knows that smoking is harmful and addictive, but few people realize just how risky and addictive it is. Chances are that about one out of three smokers, who do not stop, will eventually die because of their smoking. Some will die in their 40's, others will die later. On average, they will die 10 to 15 years earlier than they would have died from other causes. Most smokers want to stop and do indeed try, but only one in three succeeds in stopping

permanently before the age of 60. By this time, much harm may have been done to the body some of it irreversible. •

Those who eventually quit smoking usually try to stop two or three times before they're successful.

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Only 2.5 percent of smokers successfully quit each year.

The reason why so many people fail to stop is because they are addicted. Being addicted does not mean that you cannot stop - only that it is likely to be difficult. Anyone can succeed if he or she goes about it in the right way. How you stop - and, especially, when you stop - is a very personal matter. Only you know what you have to give up, and how the benefits of smoking can be weighed against the benefits of stopping. Harassment and pressure from others who do not understand is

often unhelpful. You will only stop when you have made a firm decision. When you do make up your mind, however, you can succeed, regardless of how addicted you may be. If you stop smoking before or during middle age (age 35 to 50), you will avoid about 90 percent of the lung cancer risk. If you are currently middle-aged, you are also more likely to succeed in quitting now than when you were younger.

Why Is Smoking Addictive? Nicotine is the drug in tobacco that causes addiction. It is absorbed and enters the bloodstream, through the lungs when smoke is inhaled, and through the lining of the mouth (buccal mucosa) when tobacco is chewed or used as oral snuff or for non-inhaled pipe and cigar smoking. It is also absorbed through the nose from nasal snuff, which was popular in the 18th century. Nicotine is a psychoactive drug with stimulant effects on the electrical activity of the brain. It also has calming effects, especially at times of stress, as well as effects on hormonal and other systems throughout the body. Although its subjective effects are less dramatic and obvious than those of some other addictive drugs, smoking doses of nicotine causes

activation of "pleasure centers" in the brain (for example, the mesolimbic dopamine system), which may explain the pleasure, and addictiveness of smoking. Smokers develop tolerance to nicotine and can take higher doses without feeling sick than when they first started smoking. Many of the unpleasant effects of cigarette withdrawal are due to lack of nicotine and are reversed or alleviated by nicotine replacement (for example, nicotine chewing gum or the nicotine patch). As with other addictions, it is difficult to give up smoking, and without help most smokers fail despite trying many times. Even after stopping successfully for a while, most relapse within 2 to 3 months. More alarming perhaps than the strength of the addiction is the ease with which it develops. Although teenagers often start

smoking for psychosocial reasons, the effects of nicotine soon gain control. Studies show that tobacco use usually begins in early adolescence and those who begin smoking at an early age are more likely to develop severe nicotine addiction than those who start later. Each day, more than 4,800 adolescents smoke their first cigarette, and 42 percent of them go on to become regular smokers

Is Smoking Physical Addiction? Smoking is a physical addiction that produces a "chain reaction" in the body: •

Nicotine acts on receptors normally used by one of the main neurotransmitters in the brain and nervous system (acetylcholine). Neurotransmitters are the "chemical messengers" released by nerve cells to communicate with other cells by altering their electrical activity.

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The body responds to nicotine at these receptors as if it was the natural transmitter (acetylcholine) and the activity and physiological functions of many brain systems are altered.

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With repeated nicotine dosage the body adapts to what it regards as extra acetylcholine in an attempt to restore

normal function. One way it does this is to grow more acetylcholine receptors. Thus nicotine induces structural as well as functional changes in the brain of smokers. When nicotine is suddenly withdrawn, physiological functions in the brain and other parts of the body are disturbed. This is known as withdrawal syndrome. It takes time for the body to readjust to functioning normally without nicotine.

Bibliography Internet:

http://www.kidshealth.org/teen/drug_alcohol/tobacc o/smoking.html www.quitsmoking.co.il http://www.reutershealth.com/wellconnected/doc41. html

Shovel's Reflection I enjoyed doing the project with my friends. I specially enjoyed the part of reading about smoking addiction. Now, I know how you become cigarette addict. I wanted to do the project about this subject because I don’t like smokers. I wanted to know more about the problems that it caused to our, body and I think every one that smokes is stupid because he hurts his body. When I did the project I learned some new things that I hadn’t known before. Now after doing the project, I am 100% sure that I don’t want to be a smoker, and I don’t want that any one from my family will get hurt by cigarettes.

Daniel's Reflection The project about smoking thought me a lot like about the reasons why people start to smoking or what the reasons that people are addicted to smoke. The most important thing that I have learned is that smoking is bringing us closer to death which is why everybody should stop smoking. I enjoyed working with my friends, but I didn’t like to argue with Shovel about the design of the cover.

Yotam's Reflection

Working on this subject was actually interesting but did not add any new information to my knowledge. It was still nice to share my knowledge with my friends. I learned that smoking is not healthy. Unfortunately, I have experienced a lot of passive smoking at home but all my family has stopped.

Tomer's Reflection I choose writing about cigarette addiction for a few reasons: First, I wanted to learn more about this subject and to enrich my knowledge about the effects of smoking. Second, my father is a heavy smoker and I don’t like it at all. After doing this project I realized what smoking is, and who it being addicted. I enjoyed working with my classmates, when everybody contributed his knowledge about the subject. Smoking is a very serious issue, and we should made people more aware of the effects and consequences of smoking.