Analytical Skills Nb

As Organizational Capability

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Session objectives At the end of this session you will be able to: List organizational skills Define Analytical Skills Use tool for analytical thinking Solve small or complex problem Use problem solving tools Fore see the impact of any situation Proactive for and decision maker

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Two Classes of People People who know how to think.

These people realize that most problems are open to examination and creative solution.  People who cannot think for

themselves. Also called "idea consumers" . 3

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Exercise – Skills required When you have a major problem, is there

somebody you go to for help? What is it about that person that makes you think he or she can handle the problem? Describe the biggest problem facing you right now. What skills will you need to solve it?

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Contemplative Questions What skills are important for

work? Do I have these skills now? Or, do I need to acquire them? Why do I need them? 2.6

List of Skills  Analytical skills  Systems thinking  Organizational knowledge  Problem identification  Problem analyzing and solving  Technical skills  Management skills (see separate slides)  Interpersonal skills (see separate slides)

Organizational Knowledge Good employees understand how

organizations work. It is critical to your survival and success in your career.  e.g. Who makes the decisions? Who owns the data?

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Who will resist change? Whom do people follow?  Knowledge of specific functions and procedures of organization and department  How work officially and unofficially gets done  Internal policies, both formal and informal  External factors: Competitive and Regulatory Environment  Internal factors: Organizational Strategies and

Activity Work in teams List recent problems At work place At personal life

Apply 5W 1H

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Analytical skills Includes contextual &

holistic analysis Critical thinking, Reflective practice and Learning from experience. 10

Conducting the Analysis  Analysis of the facts is required to prove

or disprove the hypotheses

 Analysis provides an understanding of

issues and drivers behind the problem

 Various Analysis Techniques     

SWOT Analysis Force Field Analysis Cost Benefit Analysis Impact Analysis Pareto Analysis

Impact Analysis Tools

Scenario Playing – Storyboarding out how the future

will unfold between alternatives: Do Nothing vs. Solution Cost Benefit Analysis - Used to quantify impacts Decision Tree Analysis – Build a tree and assign

probabilities to each alternative to arrive at the most likely solution Simulation – Modeling a process and seeing how it

changes when one or more variables change Prototype Model – Build and test the solution on a

SWOT – Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats  Probably the most common analytical tool

for strategic planning  Somewhat subjective  Easy to understand and follow  Very useful for identifying the core competencies of any organization

Understanding the context Systems & Process thinking: Analyze issues from a multi-

dimensional perspective to understand their interdependent nature. Establish linkage within issues Carry out contextual & holistic analysis to understand the larger environment. 14

Probing Skill Technique of asking

question 2 Types of probes Open Probe Closed Probe  My

friend TED

T – TELL ME E – EXPLAIN D - DESCRIBE 15

Probing Skill Frame questions to provoke

productive debate. Question on established work processes. Asks “why” until underlying cause is discovered. 5W 1H technique. mc 3 Lacs

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Problem Solving A “problem” can be defined in many ways. A

generic but useful definition may be a problem is

“A discrepancy between an existing and desired

state of affairs”

Problem identification and problem solving

are two different things

“A problem well-stated is a problem half-

solved.” “A most dangerous and common trap” One of the most important and universal concepts you will learn in this course

Problem Identification and Solving 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Identify the problem (The Identification) Define the decision criteria (Start the Solving) Weight the decision criteria Develop alternatives Analyze each alternative Select an alternative Implement alternative Evaluate outcome of decision (End the Solving) Which of these steps is most important?

Some “Problems” Encountered With Problem Solving Failure to recognize existence of a problem Failure to define the correct problem Failure to use all available information Failure to recognize and question assumptions Failure to consider a wide range of alternatives Failure to address implementation issues

Root Cause Analysis Symptoms

Identify

symptoms Trace each symptom back to its causes “The Five Whys” “If there was one

thing I wish I had learned when I was younger…”

Five whys

Symptoms Symptoms

Symptoms

ROOT CAUSES

5 Whys And The Fishbone Diagram The 5 Whys can be used individually or

as a part of the fishbone diagram. The fishbone diagram helps you explore all potential or real causes that result in a single defect or failure. Once all inputs are established on the fishbone, you can use the 5 Whys technique to drill down to the root causes.

Problem Analyzing and Solving Four Phases Intelligence 

All relevant information is collected

Design 

Alternatives are formulated

Choice 

Best alternative solution is chosen

Implementation 

Solution is put into practice

Know the issue exactly Identify implicit assumptions

in the way problems or situations are defined or presented.

Look at both sides of a coin

Generate alternative ways

to view or define problems and opportunities; Not constrained by the thoughts or approaches of

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EXERCISE What’s the biggest decision

you’re facing now? Run it through the problemsolving process with the help of analytical skills.

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Applying Analytical skill Identify cultural and other

organizational impediments to change. Proactively develop strategies for dismantling obstacles. Engage in reflective practice and learning. Take time to share and learn from other experiences, knowledge and innovation. Also encourage others to do so.

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Summary In this session we have learnt to: List organizational skills Define Analytical Skills Use tool for analytical thinking Solve small or complex problem Use problem solving tools Fore see the impact of any situation Be proactive for and decision maker Identify a formula for solving problems Develop creative strategies in problem solving 27

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