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The Medieval Concept of Spiritual, Intellectual, Political, and Economic Education. Monasticism I. Intended Learning Outcome •
Realize the importance of agencies of education in the following: a. Monasticism
b. Scholasticism
c. Chivalry
d. The Guild System of Education
II. Rationale During the medieval age, the church operated primarily as a spiritual force but its policies has a strong social, political, and economical implications. Thus having a full monopoly on formal schooling and devoted much of its time and energy into education.
III. History The fall of Rome in 476 A.D. is considered as the end of ancient times and the start of medieval history. In this period, four educational systems or movements emerged namely: Monasticism, Scholasticism, Chivalry, and the Guild system of education. Each educational system bears different features and characteristics that greatly influence our today’s Philippine Educational system. •
The Medieval Period was between 5th to 15th century
•
It is called the middle period because it was between the Roman Empire and the beginning of the modern age
•
It was also called the dark aged because people were thought to be unenlightened
•
The medieval concept of education is centered on spiritual, intellectual, political, and economic development.
•
The Medieval period of philosophy represents a renewed flowering of Western philosophical thought after the intellectual drought of the Dark Ages.
B. MONASTICISM •
Monasticism or monkhood is a religious way of life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual work.
•
Monastic life plays an important role in many Christian churches, especially in the Catholic and Orthodox traditions
•
Similar forms of religious life also exist in other faiths, most notably in Buddhism, but also in Hinduism and Jainism
•
Women pursuing a monastic life are generally called nuns, while monastic men are called monks.
•
Many monks and nuns live in monasteries to stay away from the secular world. The way of addressing monastics differs between the Christian traditions
•
Much of the period is marked by the influence of Christianity and many of the philosophers of the period were greatly concerned with proving the existence of God and reconciling Christianity with classical philosophy.
•
Monasteries became most influential in 1066-1300. On more than 300 monasteries, the monks educated the children, helped the poor and cared for the sick. By 1500 some were closed down by Henry VII and sold them.
Notable People:
•
St. Patrick – founded the first Monasticism in Ireland between AD 432 and 461
•
St. Anthony – founder of Christian monasticism (Father of Monasticism)
The Three Evangelical Counsels or State of Perfection: •
Poverty (perfect charity)
•
Chastity
•
Obedience
Medieval monastic life consisted of prayer, reading, and manual labor. Aims of Monastic Education •
Spiritual - to save individual souls
•
Moral - to attain the ideals of poverty, chastity, and obedience
•
Spiritual Knowledge - to attain the highest spiritual knowledge and
to achieve spiritual perfection •
Virtue - world renunciation
Agencies of Education •
The Monastery of Saint Anthony in Egypt, built over his tomb
•
Saint Catherine's Monastery - one of the oldest working Christian monasteries in the world
•
monastic schools - under Charlemagne in the 18th and 19th centuries
Curriculum: The Seven Liberal Arts a. The Trivium (tres viae, three roads) •
Grammar – languages and literature
•
Dialectic – logic or right reasoning
•
Rhetoric – law and composition
b. The Quadrivium (quattor viae, four roads) •
Geometry – geometry, geography, and natural history
•
Arithmetic – numbers and the study of the calendar
•
Music – plain chant and harmony used in church
•
Astronomy – the heavenly bodies, chemistry and physics
Moral and Religious Training •
Literary Education
•
Manual Training Type of Education
•
Monasticism renounced completely the three aspects of social organizations:
•
The Domestic Home
•
The Economic Structure
•
The Political State
Methods of Instructions •
Catechetical Method
•
Dictation
•
Memorization
•
Language
•
Discipline
•
Meditation and Contemplation/ Thoughtful Reflection
Outstanding Contributions to Education •
Preserving culture of Christians Monasteries
•
Opposing vices and corruption
•
Taming warlike spirits
•
Giving dignity on labor
Assessment Discuss method and/or principles of teaching practiced in your school which may be associated with monastic Education in the Medieval period. On your own opinion what were the best trait of monasticism that should be preserved? Altered? And Why?
References https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monasticism https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E_LJctCA6Tc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QV7CanyzhZg https://www.slideshare.com/foundationofeducationchapter5
Realize the importance of agencies of education in the following: a. Monasticism
b. Scholasticism
c. Chivalry
d. The Guild System of Education
II. Rationale During the medieval age, the church operated primarily as a spiritual force but its policies has a strong social, political, and economical implications. Thus having a full monopoly on formal schooling and devoted much of its time and energy into education.
III. History The fall of Rome in 476 A.D. is considered as the end of ancient times and the start of medieval history. In this period, four educational systems or movements emerged namely: Monasticism, Scholasticism, Chivalry, and the Guild system of education. Each educational system bears different features and characteristics that greatly influence our today’s Philippine Educational system. •
The Medieval Period was between 5th to 15th century
•
It is called the middle period because it was between the Roman Empire and the beginning of the modern age
•
It was also called the dark aged because people were thought to be unenlightened
•
The medieval concept of education is centered on spiritual, intellectual, political, and economic development.
•
The Medieval period of philosophy represents a renewed flowering of Western philosophical thought after the intellectual drought of the Dark Ages.
B. MONASTICISM •
Monasticism or monkhood is a religious way of life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual work.
•
Monastic life plays an important role in many Christian churches, especially in the Catholic and Orthodox traditions
•
Similar forms of religious life also exist in other faiths, most notably in Buddhism, but also in Hinduism and Jainism
•
Women pursuing a monastic life are generally called nuns, while monastic men are called monks.
•
Many monks and nuns live in monasteries to stay away from the secular world. The way of addressing monastics differs between the Christian traditions
•
Much of the period is marked by the influence of Christianity and many of the philosophers of the period were greatly concerned with proving the existence of God and reconciling Christianity with classical philosophy.
•
Monasteries became most influential in 1066-1300. On more than 300 monasteries, the monks educated the children, helped the poor and cared for the sick. By 1500 some were closed down by Henry VII and sold them.
Notable People:
•
St. Patrick – founded the first Monasticism in Ireland between AD 432 and 461
•
St. Anthony – founder of Christian monasticism (Father of Monasticism)
The Three Evangelical Counsels or State of Perfection: •
Poverty (perfect charity)
•
Chastity
•
Obedience
Medieval monastic life consisted of prayer, reading, and manual labor. Aims of Monastic Education •
Spiritual - to save individual souls
•
Moral - to attain the ideals of poverty, chastity, and obedience
•
Spiritual Knowledge - to attain the highest spiritual knowledge and
to achieve spiritual perfection •
Virtue - world renunciation
Agencies of Education •
The Monastery of Saint Anthony in Egypt, built over his tomb
•
Saint Catherine's Monastery - one of the oldest working Christian monasteries in the world
•
monastic schools - under Charlemagne in the 18th and 19th centuries
Curriculum: The Seven Liberal Arts a. The Trivium (tres viae, three roads) •
Grammar – languages and literature
•
Dialectic – logic or right reasoning
•
Rhetoric – law and composition
b. The Quadrivium (quattor viae, four roads) •
Geometry – geometry, geography, and natural history
•
Arithmetic – numbers and the study of the calendar
•
Music – plain chant and harmony used in church
•
Astronomy – the heavenly bodies, chemistry and physics
Moral and Religious Training •
Literary Education
•
Manual Training Type of Education
•
Monasticism renounced completely the three aspects of social organizations:
•
The Domestic Home
•
The Economic Structure
•
The Political State
Methods of Instructions •
Catechetical Method
•
Dictation
•
Memorization
•
Language
•
Discipline
•
Meditation and Contemplation/ Thoughtful Reflection
Outstanding Contributions to Education •
Preserving culture of Christians Monasteries
•
Opposing vices and corruption
•
Taming warlike spirits
•
Giving dignity on labor
Assessment Discuss method and/or principles of teaching practiced in your school which may be associated with monastic Education in the Medieval period. On your own opinion what were the best trait of monasticism that should be preserved? Altered? And Why?
References https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monasticism https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E_LJctCA6Tc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QV7CanyzhZg https://www.slideshare.com/foundationofeducationchapter5
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