10 Cwi Health Final Study Guide
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Unit I: Mental Health Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Wellness is a state of mind as well as a physical state. •
Is the physical state of good health as well as the mental ability to enjoy and appreciate being healthy and fit.
•
Wellness is not just the state of being free of disease symptoms. A person can achieve a state of wellness and be riddled with disease if the symptoms are controlled and balance is maintained.
•
Wellness is a state of balance between health and fitness physically, mentally, emotionally and spiritually.
Health Triangle
Lifestyle Factors Self-Esteem Symptoms of Low Self-Esteem: •
Self Critical
•
Depression
•
Fear of adversity
•
Over analyze why they are the way they are
•
Opposition with authority figures
•
Tire easily
•
Trouble making and or/keeping friends
•
Refuse to take risks
•
Difficulty forming trust
•
May lack empathy and compassion for others
Improving Self Esteem: •
Respect yourself & others
•
Maintain your health
•
Say supportive things to yourself
•
Take responsibility for own actions and choices
•
Develop clear goals
•
Appreciate good things
•
Develop reputation for being a reliable person.
Stress & Stressors Types of Stress: Distress: Negative stress; not knowing how to deal with stress Eustress: Positive stress; can help one achieve their goals. Stressor: Anything that stimulates a stress response (people, objects, places, and/or events). Body Response: Hypothalamus: Nerve center of the brain is excited by stress → Some nerves activate pituitary glands that secrete hormones that stimulate the adrenal glands → Adrenal glands then produce and secrete a hormone called adrenaline. Physical Reactions: •
Heart rate speeds up
•
Breathing Quickens
•
Saliva and mucus dry up
•
Increased perspiration
•
Become more susceptible to illness and accidents
•
Muscle tension
•
Suspended digestion
•
Pupils dilate
•
Insomnia
•
Increase urination
•
Can’t think clearly
Defense Mechanisms Defense Mechanisms are how people react to others particularly in stressful situations •
Compensation: Emphasizing personal strengths in one area. Shifting focus from failure in another area.
•
Denial: Refusing to accept an obvious situation. Trying to avoid emotional pain.
•
Displacement: Taking out one’s anger/frustration on a person/object that is not the cause of the offense.
•
Identification: Associating with people/groups that are of higher status in order to increase your own status
•
Intellectualization: Describing painful/emotional events in academic/philosophical terms
•
Projection: Casting feelings you have onto another person. Blaming another person for the feelings you have.
•
Rationalization: Making logical excuses for illogical behavior.
•
Reaction Formation: Replacing feelings that are socially unacceptable with emotions that are acceptable.
•
Regression: Reverting to child-like behavior to get the attention you got when you were younger; or to get your way.
•
Repression: Unconsciously forgetting information that is too painful to recall.
Unit II: Human Body
Eating Disorders Anorexia: History: •
First became known as “anorexia mirabilis”
•
Strongly associated to Catholicism
•
Later became “anorexia nervosa
•
Why? Women wanted to disassociated themselves from sexuality
•
Fecundity: The capability to have offspring
•
Asexuality: Not sexual, sexless.
Characteristics:
•
Low calorie intake
•
Obsession with exercising
•
Unnatural interest in food
•
Misses three consecutive periods
•
Distorted body image
•
Intense fear of gaining weight
•
Denies the seriousness of low body weight.
Physical Symptoms: •
Weight loss
•
Constipation
•
Hormonal changes
•
Lanugo (Fine hair on the torso)
•
Hair loss
•
Numbness of hands or feet
•
Heart/Kidney failure
•
Muscle Cramps
•
Leukopenia (White blood cell count drops)
•
Death
Bulimia: History: •
First known as “bulimarexia”
•
Satiety: the state of having enough, being satisfied, full.
Bulimia Types: •
Binging: Eating large amounts of calories at once.
•
Purging: Vomiting or using laxatives
Characteristics: •
May follow a restrictive diet after purging
•
Acting secretive
•
Excessive exercising Purging Type: •
Self induced vomiting or use of laxatives
Non Purging Type: •
Fasting
•
Excessive exercising
Physical Symptoms: •
Metabolic acidosis (increased acid levels in blood)
•
Dehydration
•
Kidney damage
•
Irregular heartbeat
•
Tooth decay
•
Damaged stomach, esophagus, and mouth
•
Death
Profile of Average Person with an Eating Disorder •
Good student
•
Eager to please people
•
Hardworking
•
Avoids conflict
•
Seeks approval
•
May feel stressed/anxious with new situations
•
Perfectionist
•
Athlete
Treatment: •
Psychological Therapy
•
Medication to decrease anxiety
•
Behavioral Therapy
Medical Assistance: •
Treat symptoms
•
Nutrition counseling
•
Family & individual therapy
Is the physical state of good health as well as the mental ability to enjoy and appreciate being healthy and fit.
•
Wellness is not just the state of being free of disease symptoms. A person can achieve a state of wellness and be riddled with disease if the symptoms are controlled and balance is maintained.
•
Wellness is a state of balance between health and fitness physically, mentally, emotionally and spiritually.
Health Triangle
Lifestyle Factors Self-Esteem Symptoms of Low Self-Esteem: •
Self Critical
•
Depression
•
Fear of adversity
•
Over analyze why they are the way they are
•
Opposition with authority figures
•
Tire easily
•
Trouble making and or/keeping friends
•
Refuse to take risks
•
Difficulty forming trust
•
May lack empathy and compassion for others
Improving Self Esteem: •
Respect yourself & others
•
Maintain your health
•
Say supportive things to yourself
•
Take responsibility for own actions and choices
•
Develop clear goals
•
Appreciate good things
•
Develop reputation for being a reliable person.
Stress & Stressors Types of Stress: Distress: Negative stress; not knowing how to deal with stress Eustress: Positive stress; can help one achieve their goals. Stressor: Anything that stimulates a stress response (people, objects, places, and/or events). Body Response: Hypothalamus: Nerve center of the brain is excited by stress → Some nerves activate pituitary glands that secrete hormones that stimulate the adrenal glands → Adrenal glands then produce and secrete a hormone called adrenaline. Physical Reactions: •
Heart rate speeds up
•
Breathing Quickens
•
Saliva and mucus dry up
•
Increased perspiration
•
Become more susceptible to illness and accidents
•
Muscle tension
•
Suspended digestion
•
Pupils dilate
•
Insomnia
•
Increase urination
•
Can’t think clearly
Defense Mechanisms Defense Mechanisms are how people react to others particularly in stressful situations •
Compensation: Emphasizing personal strengths in one area. Shifting focus from failure in another area.
•
Denial: Refusing to accept an obvious situation. Trying to avoid emotional pain.
•
Displacement: Taking out one’s anger/frustration on a person/object that is not the cause of the offense.
•
Identification: Associating with people/groups that are of higher status in order to increase your own status
•
Intellectualization: Describing painful/emotional events in academic/philosophical terms
•
Projection: Casting feelings you have onto another person. Blaming another person for the feelings you have.
•
Rationalization: Making logical excuses for illogical behavior.
•
Reaction Formation: Replacing feelings that are socially unacceptable with emotions that are acceptable.
•
Regression: Reverting to child-like behavior to get the attention you got when you were younger; or to get your way.
•
Repression: Unconsciously forgetting information that is too painful to recall.
Unit II: Human Body
Eating Disorders Anorexia: History: •
First became known as “anorexia mirabilis”
•
Strongly associated to Catholicism
•
Later became “anorexia nervosa
•
Why? Women wanted to disassociated themselves from sexuality
•
Fecundity: The capability to have offspring
•
Asexuality: Not sexual, sexless.
Characteristics:
•
Low calorie intake
•
Obsession with exercising
•
Unnatural interest in food
•
Misses three consecutive periods
•
Distorted body image
•
Intense fear of gaining weight
•
Denies the seriousness of low body weight.
Physical Symptoms: •
Weight loss
•
Constipation
•
Hormonal changes
•
Lanugo (Fine hair on the torso)
•
Hair loss
•
Numbness of hands or feet
•
Heart/Kidney failure
•
Muscle Cramps
•
Leukopenia (White blood cell count drops)
•
Death
Bulimia: History: •
First known as “bulimarexia”
•
Satiety: the state of having enough, being satisfied, full.
Bulimia Types: •
Binging: Eating large amounts of calories at once.
•
Purging: Vomiting or using laxatives
Characteristics: •
May follow a restrictive diet after purging
•
Acting secretive
•
Excessive exercising Purging Type: •
Self induced vomiting or use of laxatives
Non Purging Type: •
Fasting
•
Excessive exercising
Physical Symptoms: •
Metabolic acidosis (increased acid levels in blood)
•
Dehydration
•
Kidney damage
•
Irregular heartbeat
•
Tooth decay
•
Damaged stomach, esophagus, and mouth
•
Death
Profile of Average Person with an Eating Disorder •
Good student
•
Eager to please people
•
Hardworking
•
Avoids conflict
•
Seeks approval
•
May feel stressed/anxious with new situations
•
Perfectionist
•
Athlete
Treatment: •
Psychological Therapy
•
Medication to decrease anxiety
•
Behavioral Therapy
Medical Assistance: •
Treat symptoms
•
Nutrition counseling
•
Family & individual therapy
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