10 11 05 Notes

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Articles of confederation

Writing the articles Details • Decentralizing • Unicameral • One representative from each state • Powers of congress

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Congress has the power to Declare war or sign peace  treaties

Weaknesses of Articles: • National government no ability to        tax individuals • No executive branch • No national court system • No power to regulate international        commerce • No standing army

Reasons for the Articles of Con. • Fear of supreme power of taxing • • •

Fear of one person with too much power Bad experiences with courts Fear of government regulation of trade

Revolution: no time to argue over government structure

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Land Ordinence of 1785 ­Process of dividing land in NW territory Outlined a plan around the land to set up  rectangles for agriculture ­Includes support for schools. 1/16 of money  from land sales would go to public schools in  the region. Northwest Ordinence of 1787 ­Process of statehood. Each state would be 

equal. ­Slavery illegal north of Ohio River 

                                    Domestic Affairs under the Articles Economic depression­ currency problems, no uniform trade policy, inflation,  overproduction. Farmers hurt. Rhode Island ­ printing money like crazy runaway inflation. State declared it is legal  tender to be payed for debts. Massachusetts Take a different approach, they refuse to print any money. Very high tax burden. They  haven’t done anything about econimic problems.  Shays rebellion – revolutionary war vet, daneil shay, leads a bunch of armed farmers.  The state mulissia is called out, and they put down the rebellion. Although the problem is  not solved  

Road to the new constitution

Mt. Vernon conference, 1785. Men from virgina and Maryland, discussing commerce and such, want to coordinate  economic policies.  Annapolis Convention, 1786.  Alexander Hamilton­ for a very powerful central government. Gets all the states to get  together in philidephia. Need to come up with a new constitution.  Philidephia, 1787      aka                           The constitutional convention          Purpose of the Convention: How powerful should the gov become. Want to balance  liberty and power. Rhode island is scared they will loose  rights because they are smallio, and they stay home. QuickTimeª and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.

Overview of the delegates 55 delegate from 12 states. Average age was 42. 39 served in congress, 8 signed  declartion independence, 17 were slave owners.  Big Names: Ben Franklin (81), George Washington presided,  Not there: Patrick Henry, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, Sam Adams

Secret proceedings: this was a rule, they would close themselves off. This way they  could say what they meant without pressure, and no trying to show off to a gallery.  James Madison. From Virginia, 36 years old. Brilliant. Prepared. 

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