History notes 9/6/05
Write ID’s: two will appear on exam
The beginning of English colonization
Scotch Irish* p 4759 The case John peter zanger p 6181 Why bennidict Arnold did it?* p 95 113
Roanoke Island, 1585 –now is the time for England to start pursuing colonies to compete with Spain. England was going to stay protestant. Sir (walterrally) put up a bunch of money to start a colony in Virginia. Found no gold. Needed more supplies. Spanish Armada, 1588 Spain launches an invasion of England, and bring back Catholism. Stopped supply ships that England kept for war. 3 years of no contact with England “Croatoan” – word carved into tree. Not sure if they were attacked by croatoan. New Approaches to Colonization 3 types Royal colonies the monarch, king would have direct say in the colony Proprietary controlled by an Individual of family Corporate – joint stock company. King would grant a charter for settlement, _______________________________________________________________________ _ Virginia (Jamestown colony) Virginia company of London, Charter Granted in 1606 Run by Company Council (too many, not effective) The settlersmotivation and demographics, Location, James River hidden from Spain, marshy areas (mosquitoes), Motivation – Gold, spaionis success Primogeniture – first born son gets everything, 2nd and 3rd born would go to the new world. No gold at all, had to do farming (failure), didn’t bring women, not getting along with indians. Captain John Smith, Came over in 1607, best leader in the colony. Led by council in London, but he QuickTimeª and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor made himself the leader. Mercinary in are needed to see this picture. eroupe (meaning he was brought to fight).
Captured by turks, but escaped and joined a pirate ship to make his way back to England. Makes law: if you’re not working, you don’t eat. The Pocahontas Myth. The Starving time John Smith is hurt and has to go back to England for treatment and the colony falls apart. A lot of people died. John Smith came back, and the kept stability. Tobacco Fueled colony, variety of industries in Jamestown. John Reif The House of Burgesses, 1619 Definition Members were elected by colonists. So the have representation. House of legislator in Virginia. Lobor in Colonial Virginia Why no use Indians? QuickTimeª and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 1.) They would escape, they knew land. 2.) They became sick very easily 3.) Colonists were outnumbered Indentured Servitutude Where they went to the new world, someone would take responsibility for you, , feed, clothe, then granted freedom. Bacons Rebellion 1676 Nathaniel Bacon – son of wealthy Englishmen. QuickTimeª and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Frontier Troubles, demand protection from Indians. Bacon goes out to the frontier, and rounds up farmers and starts a rebellion, as a fight for the common man. Burns Jamestown to the ground. Significance Strenghthen the slavery laws, Brings Indian troubles the the forefront. More slavery as a result.
Plymouth
The Separatists –King james take throne in 1603 to try to get them to reform to regular church of England. They must leave, join, or practice in secret. Move to Holland, but can’t advance in dutch society, children are loosing English, then decide on trying a new colony. Settlement in the New World – about 100 set off in the QuickTimeª and a mayflower toward Jamestown, but end up in Plymouth, MA. TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Sign the mayflower compact. A formal contract to provide by law of chosen leaders. The First Thanksgiving – they are giving thanks to god and the native Americans that helped them through the winter.
Massachusetts Bay (just south of Boston) The Puritans – thought they should stay and try to purify, not break away. Believe in one truth. Massachusetts Bay Compnay – joint stock in England. Puritans bought stock. Transformed from money making society to a ______company.Government and Religion in Massachusetts Bay – takes the charter with them, so the company must be run there. Governed by puritans. Even nonpuritans choose to settle in the colder climate. Government is operated by puritans. Set up a court that elected the government, consisted of shareholders. Strick believers in predesination, Calvinists. Thought the saved were in a covenent of grace. Have a powerful religious experience, then considered saved. Growth of Mass farming didn’t work out so they turnen to ports. Trading, and became very prosperous. Haflway covernant They end up compromising with some of the familys that were not into puritans. The original settelers children could be baptized into the religion. And would not have to be examined. Puritan ideal is weakening. Children could not vote in church or take communion. Lost charter, and turned into royal colony. Beleifs had to be tolerated. Voting may not be based on church membership.
QuickTimeª and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Significance 4 other colonies spread out from mass bay: Rhode Island, Conneicutt, New Hampshire, Maine. Puritan work ethics, if you want to be prosperous, you must work hard. Belief in education, founded Harvard 1636, used to train ministers. Yale in 1701 in conn.
Other Colonies
QuickTimeª and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Rhode Island, 1636 Roger Williams – Idea of seperation of church and state, believed that the Indians should be paid back. Is banished to England, but let escape, and founds providence. Buys land from Indians. Gets along very well with native tribes
New York, 1664 Dutch purchased Manhattan island, set up trade (New Netherlands) built a wall on wall street. England is in war with Netherlands. English take New Amsterdam, and king of England gave the name New York. Pennsylvania, 1681 Inner light, no rely on external churches. Believed in equality in sexes. Pacifists. William Penn was a Quaker, and wanted a place for them to live in peace. King owed his dad money. Charles the 2nd agreed to let Penn set up colony. Set up rules: have to believe in a supreme being. Had to pay Indians for land. Voting if you own property
___________________________________________________________
QuickTimeª and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.