What Is Internet

1

Introduction to Internet (BY Qasim Suleman) 1st Lecture Date: 15-02-2008 Class: 8th Matric What is Internet? Internet The Internet is a worldwide, publicly accessible network of interconnected computer networks that transmit data using the standard Internet Protocol (IP). Intranet An intranet is a based on technology that is found on the web, and performs like a website. Usually owned and managed by a large company or institution, an Intranet enables a company to share its resources with its employees without confidential information being made available to everyone with Internet access. Best thought of as an internal company website, often running on a local network, not necessarily on web servers

What is Internet connection speed? Internet connection speed refers to the data transfer rate from the Internet to your computer. Basically that means the amount of time it takes your computer to download a given amount of data. Internet connection speeds are usually measured in Kbps (kilobits per second, or thousands of bits per second) or KBps (kilobytes per second). Nowadays with the technological improvements in data transfer speeds, Internet connection speeds can also be measured in Mbps (megabits per second, or millions of bits per second) or MBps (megabytes per second). For example, if you had a 28.8K (28,800 bps) modem, then it would take at least 4 - 5 minutes to download a 1MB file. If you had digital subscriber line (DSL), the same 1MB file would take approximately 10 - 20 seconds. How did you calculate my Internet connection speed? Your Internet connection speed was calculated with 1 or 2 tests, depending on how fast your computer received the first file. We performed the first test by sending a 150KB file to your computer and recording the amount of time it took for your computer to receive it. If it took your computer 1.0 seconds or longer to receive the file, then the first test calculation provided your final result. If your computer took less than 1.0 seconds to receive the file, then we performed the second test. Based on the first test calculation, you were redirected to another Web page with either 600KB, 1.5MB or 3.0MB of data. The time it took for your computer to download that Web page was then recorded. Amount of Data = Your InternetConnection Speed Time to Download

ISP Short for Internet Service Provider, a company that provides access to the

2 Internet. For a monthly fee, the service provider gives you a software package, username, password and access phone number. Equipped with a modem, you can then log on to the Internet and browse the World Wide Web and USENET, and send and receive e-mail.

In addition to serving individuals, ISPs also serve large companies, providing a direct connection from the company's networks to the Internet. ISPs themselves are connected to one another through Network Access Points (NAPs). NAPS

Short for network access point, a public network exchange facility where Internet Service Providers (ISPs) can connect with one another in peering arrangements. The NAPs are a key component of the Internet backbone because the connections within them determine how traffic is routed. They are also the points of most Internet congestion. Modem Short for modulator/demodulator. A communications device that converts one form of a signal to another that is suitable for transmission over communication circuits, typically from digital to analog and then from analog to digital. Modems are used by Internet users every day, notably cable modems and ADSL modems. Browser An application used to view and navigate the World Wide Web (www) and other Internet resources. Popular browsers are Internet Explorer, Firefox and Netscape. Routing (n.) In internetworking, the process of moving a packet of data from source to destination. Routing is usually performed by a dedicated device called a router. Routing is a key feature of the Internet because it enables messages to pass from one computer to another and eventually reach the target machine. Each intermediary computer performs routing by passing along the message to the next computer. Part of this process involves analyzing a routing table to determine the best path. Routing is often confused with bridging, which performs a similar function. The principal difference between the two is that bridging occurs at a lower level and is therefore more of a hardware function whereas routing occurs at a higher level where the software component is more important. And because routing occurs at a higher level, it can perform more complex analysis to determine the optimal path for the packet.

packet (pak´it) (n.) A piece of a message transmitted over a packet-switching network. See under packet switching. One of the key features of a packet is that it contains the destination address in addition to the data. In IP networks, packets are often called datagrams.