Voice Akalgarh Dhapian Amritsar

PREPARED BY:

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There are two voices:PASSIVE VOICE

ACTIVE VOICE RULES END SHOW

Present

Past

Indefinite

continuous

is ,am ,are

is ,am ,are

has ,have

+ Third form

+ being +Third form

+ been +Third form

EXAMPLE

EXAMPLE

was ,were

was ,were

+ Third form

+ being +Third form

EXAMPLE

will ,shall

Future

EXAMPLE

Perfect

EXAMPLE

had + been +Third form EXAMPLE

will ,shall

+ be +Third form

+have been +Third form

EXAMPLE

EXAMPLE

BACK

Perfect Continuous

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• Use be + third form after can ,could ,shall, should ,may ,might ,must ,ought to. EXAMPLE • When the agent is not expressed in the Passive Voice ,we must supply it in the Active Voice: EXAMPLE

Note:- Only transitive verbs, that need to be followed by an object, can be changed into passive voice. BACK

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 Prepositions

following the verbs in the Active Voice must follow them again in the Passive Voice: EXAMPLE  When a sentence is an imperative one, then the word “Let” is used in the Passive Voice : EXAMPLE PERSONAL PRONOUNS ARE CHANGED AS BACK

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Passive of Infinitives Use of Prepositions other than “by” Use of “Who”, “What”, “Why”, “When” BACK

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PASSIVE VOICE The verb is said to be in the passive voice when the object acts; as:ii. iii. iv. v.

A song is sung by him. A song was written by her. A story is being told by us. The fields are watered by the farmer.

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ACTIVE VOICE The verb is said to be in the active voice when the subject acts; as:iii. iv. v. vi.

He sings a song. She wrote a letter. We are telling a story. The farmer waters the fields.

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 When the agent is not expressed in the Passive Voice, we must supply it in the Active Voice : Passive : You are wanted outside. Active :Someone wants you outside. Passive : Books were sold. Active : Reeta sold the books BACK

IMPERATIVE SENTENCES Active : Post this letter.  Passive : Let this letter be posted. 

Active : Read your books.  Passive : Let your books be read. 

 Active

: Sit down.  Passive :You are ordered to sit down. BACK

PREPOSITIONAL VERBS  Active : He laughed at me.  Passive : I was laughed at by him.  Active : I objected to his proposal.  Passive : His proposal was objected to by me.  Active : We must take care of our health.  Passive : Health must be taken care of. BACK

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PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE  Active : She sings a song.  Passive : A song is sung by her.  Active : Radha does not sing a song.  Passive : A song is not sung by Radha.  Active : Does he help you ?  Passive : Are you helped by him ? END SHOW

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PAST INDEFINITE TENSE  Active

: She kept us waiting.  Passive : We were kept waiting by her.  Active

: Ram did not play football.  Passive : Football was not played by Ram.  Active

: Did he help you ?  Passive : Were you helped by him ? BACK

FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE • Active : I shall buy this pen. • Passive : This pen will be bought by me. • Active • Passive by me.

: :

I will not take the test . The test shall not be taken

• Active : Will he do his duty ? BACK • Passive : Will his duty be done by

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE Active : He is driving a motor car. Passive : A motor car is being driven by him. Active : He is not speaking the truth. Passive : The truth is not being spoken by him. Active : Is he singing a song ? Passive : Is a song being sung by him ?BACK

PAST CONTINOUSE TENSE  Active

: She was milking the cow.  Passive : The cow was being milked by her.  Active

: He was not flying the kite.  Passive : The kite was not being flown by him.  Active

: Was he teaching the class ?  Passive : Was the class being taught by him ? BACK

AUXILIARY VERBS •

Should

•

May

Must

•

Might

Can

•

Ought

• •

Could

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SHOULD  Active

: We should not laugh at the poor.

 Passive

: The poor should not be laughed at by us. BACK

MUST 

Active : You must teach him.

 Passive

: He must be taught by him.

BACK

OUGHT  Active : We ought be obey our elders.  Passive : Our elders ought to be obeyed

by us. BACK

CAN 

Active : You can do it.

 Passive

: It can be done by you.

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COULD • Active : I could teach him a lesson. • Passive : He could be taught a lesson by me. BACK

MAY 

Active : May I see your pen ?



Passive : May your pen be seen by me ?

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MIGHT 

Active

: He might follow this path .



Passive : This path might be followed by him. BACK

PASSIVE OF INFINITIVES  Active

: I have to do this work.  Passive : This work has to be done.  Active

: It is time to give the order.  Passive : It is time for the order to be given.  Active : I hope to overcome my difficulties.  Passive : I hope my difficulties to be overcome. BACK

Use of Prepositions other than “by”  Active

: I know him.  Passive : He is known to me.  Active

: The jug contains milk.  Passive : Milk is contained in the jug.  Active

: His jokes amused us.  Passive : we were amused at his jokes. BACK

Use of “Who”, “What”, “Why”, “When” • Active : Who beat you ? • Passive : By whom were you pen ? • Active : What have you done ? • Passive : What has been done by you ? • Active : Why did you abuse him ? • Passive : Why was he abused by you ? • Active :When do you visit the temple ? • Passive :When is the temple visited by you?

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PRESENT PERFECT TENSE • Active : I have done my duty. • Passive : My duty has been done by me.

• Active : She has not sold her cow. • Passive : Her cow has not been sold by her.

• Active : Have you stolen the book ? by • Passive : Has the book been stolenBACK

PAST PERFECT TENSE  Active

: She had insulted her mother.  Passive : Her mother had been insulted by her.  Active

: I had not done my duty.  Passive : My duty had not been done by me.  Active

: Had you stolen the book ?  Passive : Had the book been stolen by you ? BACK

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE  

 

 

Active : I shall have planted a tree. Passive : A tree will have been planted by me. Active : He will not have read this book. Passive: This book will not have been read by him.

Active : Will he have written a letter ? Passive : Will a letter have been written by him ?

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• GRAMMAR BOOK (10+1) • GRAMMAR BOOK (10+2)

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