Virtual Reality

VIRTUAL REALITY OR REAL VIRTUALITY

Muhammad Awais Tahir

TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ............................................................................................................................................................................... 3 1-Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 3 2-What is Virtuality? ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 3-What is Reality?.......................................................................................................................................................... 3 3-What is Virtual Reality? ......................................................................................................................................... 3 4-Immersion into a Virtual Environment ........................................................................................................ 4 5-Working of a Virtual Environment .................................................................................................................. 4 5.1 Technologies : ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 5.2 Plugging into the virtual World – Interface Devices ...................................................................... 5 5.2.1 Mock Cockpits ............................................................................................................................................... 5 5.2.2 Head Mounted Display............................................................................................................................... 5 5.2.3 Sensory Glove ................................................................................................................................................ 6 6-Applications of Virtual Reality........................................................................................................................... 6 7-Dreaming : Virtual Environment ...................................................................................................................... 6 8-Real Virtuality:............................................................................................................................................................ 7 9-A Trick of Senses: ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 10-Experimental Evidences- Artificial Senses: ............................................................................................. 7 11-The Reality of Everything is Virtuality ....................................................................................................... 8 12-The World in Our Brain ...................................................................................................................................... 9 13-The World of Perceptions ................................................................................................................................ 10 14-Holy Quran- as a Proof : .................................................................................................................................... 11 15-A Chain of VRs......................................................................................................................................................... 11 16-The Ultimate Hologram .................................................................................................................................... 12

VIRTUAL REALITY OR REAL VIRTUALITY (HOLOGRAPHIC LIFE) Muhammad Awais Tahir Military College of Signals

ABSTRACT We live in a Hologram. All the information we have about the world we live in is conveyed to us by our five senses. The world we know consists of what our eye sees, our hand feels, our nose smells, our tongue tastes, and our ears hear. We never think that the "external" world can be other than what our senses present to us, since we've been depending on only those senses since the day we were born. However, modern scientific research in many different fields points to a wholly different understanding, creating serious doubt about our senses and the world we perceive with them. This approach's starting point is the notion that any "external world" is only a response created in our brain by electrical signals. The red hue of an apple, the hardness of wood, your mother, father, your family, and everything that you own—your house, your job,—and even the lines of this article, are composed of electrical signals only.

1-INTRODUCTION After the evolution in Metaphysics and research on the scientific verses in the Holy Quran Virtual Reality is no more a mere technology but it is a concept: a concept which has a deep influence on our lives. In this age of materialism this concept tells us what really lies behind matter. Many things out there in the external world which seem to us are the

real thing might not be that much "real" and many hidden things might be more "real" than we deem them to be.

2-WHAT IS VIRTUALITY? ―Virtuality" refers to the seeming of anything, as opposed to its reality. Everything has a reality and a virtuality. Nelson divides virtuality into two parts: conceptual structure and feel. In every field these have different roles. The conceptual structure of all cars is the same, but the conceptual structure of every movie is different. The reality of a car is important, but the reality of a movie is unimportant-- how a shot was made is of interest only to movie buffs.

3-WHAT IS REALITY? Reality in everyday usage means "the state of things as they actually exist."[1] The term reality, in its widest sense, includes everything that is, whether it is observable or comprehensible. Reality in this sense may include both being and nothingness, whereas existence is often restricted to being.

3-WHAT IS VIRTUAL REALITY?

"Virtual Reality: A computer system used to create an artificial world in which the user has the impression of being in that world and with the ability to navigate through the world and manipulate objects in the world."[2] Virtual Reality (VR) is stimulating the user‘s senses in such a way that a computer generated world is experienced as real. In order to get a true illusion of reality, it is essential for the user to have influence on this virtual environment. By the use of computer graphics systems, in combination with various display and interface devices VR provides the effect of immersion in the interactive 3D computergenerated environment. VR has been proposed as a technological breakthrough that holds the power of facilitating learning, simulation and interactive learning and gaming.

FIGURE 1 INTERACTING WITH A VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT

To put it simply, virtual reality is the projection of computer-generated threedimensional images that appear to be real with the aid of some devices. This technology, with its diverse range of applications, is known as "virtual reality," "virtual world," or "virtual environment." Its most important feature is that by the use of some purposely constructed devices, it misleads the person experiencing it into believing the experience to be real. In recent years, the word "immersive'' has begun to be used in front of the term "virtual reality," reflecting the way that witnesses are literally immersed in the experience.

4-IMMERSION INTO A VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT "Virtual Reality allows you to explore a computer generated world by actually being in it"[3] We have all experienced some form of VR. Deep thinking is also a type of virtual reality. Watching a movie is a low-grade VR experience. For a couple of hours we immerse ourselves in an artificial environment, even though we keep in mind that the movie is not reality. The Highest grade VR experience which we undergo daily is Dream. Virtual environments are more believable when they engage all our senses. Take cabin rides in amusement parks as an example. People in the cabin watch a movie of a virtual roller coaster ride through some hair-raising landscape. The jerking, shunting, and rolling motion of the cabin makes the experience seem much more real than the view from a passive seat at the movies. The key to sophisticated VR is interactivity. Visitors to a VR environment not only have to be able to navigate their way around, they also need to be able to influence the course of events in their environment.

5-WORKING OF A VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT

5.1 TECHNOLOGIES: Four technologies are crucial for VR:[4] the visual (and aural and haptic) displays that immerse the user in the virtual world and that blockout contradictory sensory impressions from the real world the graphics rendering system that generates, at 20to 30 frames

per second, the ever-changing images; the tracking system that continually reports the position and orientation of the user‘s head and limbs; and the database construction and maintenance system for building and maintaining detailed and realistic models of the virtual world. Four auxiliary technologies are important, but not nearly so crucial: synthesized sound, displayed to the ears, including directional sound and simulated sound fields; display of synthesized forces and other haptic sensations to the kinesthetic senses; devices, such as tracked gloves with pushbuttons, by which the user specifies interactions with virtual objects; and interaction techniques that substitute for the real interactions possible with the physical world. All that has to be done in order to raise the illusion of being in or acting upon a virtual world or virtual environment, is providing a simulation of the interaction between human being and this real environment. This simulation is -at leastpartly attained by means of Virtual Reality interfaces connected to a computer. Basically, a VR interface stimulates one of the human senses. This has not necessarily got to be as complex as it sounds, e.g. a PC-monitor stimulates the visual sense; a headphone stimulates the auditory sense. Consequently, these two kinds of interfaces are widely employed as Virtual Reality interfaces. With the gustatory and olfactory sense left out of consideration, the hardest part of simulating the interaction between human being and real environment is stimulating the tactile sense and the proprioceptive system (kinesthetic sense). This can be done using a so-called haptic interface. This is a device configured to provide haptic

information to a human. Just as a video interface allows the user to see a computer generated scene, a haptic interface permits the user to ―feel‖ it. Haptic displays generate forces and motions, which are sensed through both touch and kinesthesia.

5.2 PLUGGING INTO THE VIRTUAL WORLD – INTERFACE DEVICES To enter a virtual world, a visitor must use special interface devices that transmit the sight, sounds and sensations of the artificial world. These devices also need to transmit information about what the user is doing back to the computer controlling the virtual environment.

5.2.1 MOCK COCKPITS Commercial flight simulators employ a number of interface devices. The simulators consist of mock cockpits fitted out with real instruments, mounted on motion platforms that pitch and roll. Thousands of pilots have been trained in skills such as night flying, without the cost or hazards of using real aircraft.

5.2.2 HEAD MOUNTED DISPLAY Another

interface device is a special helmet known as a head-mounted display (HMD). In front of each eye is a small screen made from a liquid-crystal display – each screen presents a slightly different view to create a threedimensional effect of depth for the viewer. The HMD also contains a motion tracker to monitor both the orientation of the head and the direction in which the user is looking. Using information from the HMD, the computer calculates images of the virtual world to match the direction in which the user is looking, and displays these images on the small display screens. The computer has to generate new images at least ten times a second so that the view does not appear too jerky and does not lag behind the user's movements.

5.2.3 SENSORY GLOVE An interface

device known as the sensory glove can create a realistic sense of touch in the virtual world. The glove transmits information such as the position of the user‘s hand and movement of each finger to the computer, which then instructs the glove to create the appropriate sensation, such as tapping a finger on a hard surface or picking up a glass of water. With increasing computer power, the sensory glove could eventually be developed into a body suit to create a sense of touch over the whole body.

6-APPLICATIONS OF VIRTUAL REALITY There are Numerous Applications of Virtual Reality which ranger from flight simulations to action games. Almost everything is being brought into virtual environment because there are no REAL harms in the Virtual Environment. An injury in the virtual environment us just like an injury in the dreams. There are no limits to virtuality. As computer processing power increases and even more realistic graphics are developed, the simulated environments produced by virtual reality systems will become even more believable. The technology developed from military uses of virtual reality is finding application in many walks of life.

FIGURE 2 VIRTUAL GAMING

For example, medical students operate on virtual patients rather than real people;

architects take people on a virtual tour of their dream home before finalising the design; people attend conferences and social events without having to board a plane; and chat rooms mean much more than just email notice boards. Twenty years ago, few imagined that personal computers would soon be found in almost every home, classroom and office. In twenty years' time, virtual reality may be just as central to our lives. Immersing ourselves in a virtual environment of our choice may become as commonplace as turning on the TV.

7-DREAMING: VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT If we think how "realistic" the dreams are that we see while asleep, which in that way are no different in their realism from the moment he awakes. For instance, despite one person's body lying on the bed, in dream he went on business trips, met new people, and had lunch while listening to music. He enjoyed the taste of his meal, danced to the music, became excited because of the incidents that happened, became happy and unhappy, was afraid and felt tired. He could even have driven a vehicle that he had not previously driven until that day and did not even know how to drive. Although his body had been lying still in bed, his eyes shut, he saw different images from those of the place where he was. This means that what saw was not the eyes. Although the room in which he was lying was empty, he heard voices. Thus what heard was not the ears. Everything had taken place in his brain. Still, everything was very realistic as if every image had an original form. What is it, then, that although none of them has originals in the external world, forms such realistic images in the brain? In short these are virtual images that someone is programming into us that seem to us be the real thing.

‫الَّتِي قَضًَ عَلَِيهَا اْل َوىِتَ وَيُرِسِلُ الُْؤخِرَي إِلًَ َأجَلٍ هُسَنِّي‬ َ‫إِىَّ فِي ذَلِلَ لَآيَاتٍ لِّ َقىِمٍ يَتَ َفكَّرُوى اللَّهُ يََتىَفًَّ الْؤًَ ُفسَ ِحني‬ ُ‫َهىِِتهَا وَالَّتِي َلنِ َت ُوتِ فِي هٌََا ِههَا فَُيوِسِل‬ َ ―Allah takes the souls at the time of their death, and those that die not during their sleep; then He withholds those on whom He has passed the decree of death and sends the others back till an appointed term; most surely there are signs in this for a people who reflect.‖[5]

8-REAL VIRTUALITY: We spend time in a virtual environment daily and we are made to feel that what is happening is actually real. This experience urges an inquiring mind to think what if the real life is as virtual as the dream is. To get answers to these questions many researches were done to find the real essence of matter and finding were really interesting. What we experience daily is no more than a virtual experience. We are made to feel the things to prove whose real existence would be a difficult task. Although life of this earth is like a perfect virtual reality though we deem it to be the real thing and the most sympathetic term that I could find for it was Real Virtuality. Whatever is out there is just like a virtual environment; but just because it seems real to us I coined the term Real Virtuality for it.

9-A TRICK OF SENSES: Its all a trick of senses. The rationale of any virtual reality system is based on our five human senses. For instance, when the user puts on a special glove, devices inside transmit signals to the fingertips. When these signals are relayed to and interpreted by the brain, the user experiences the sensation of touching a silk fabric or ornate vase, complete with all of its surface details

without any such thing actually existing in the environment Similarly in the real world we use hands instead of sensory gloves and eyes instead of the Head Unit Displays. Function of both is almost the same.

10-EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCES- ARTIFICIAL SENSES: An article (March 11, 2002 issue, TIME MAGAZINE published an article entitled "The Body Electric,") reported that scientists melded computer chips with patients' nervous systems to treat permanent damage to their senses.

FIGURE 3 THE BODY ELECTRIC- AN ARTICLE IN TIME’S MAGAZINES MARCH 11, 2002 ISSUE

A Danish patient by the name of Brian Holgersen was paralyzed from the neck down, except for very limited movement in his shoulders, left arm and left hand. As is known, such paralysis is caused by damage to the spinal cord in the neck and back. The nerves are damaged or blocked, disabling neural traffic between brain and muscles, and cutting off communication between the nerves that transmit signals back and forth from the body to the brain. With this patient, the aim was to bridge his spinal cord's damaged area with an implant, letting signals from the brain bring back a little movement to the arms and legs. They used a system designed to recover basic functions of the left hand, like grasping, holding and releasing objects. In an operation, eight small coin-sized flexible cuff electrodes were implanted into the muscles responsible for those movements in the patient's upper left arm, forearm and shoulder. Later,

ultrathin wires connected these electrodes to a stimulator—a kind of pacemaker for the nervous system— implanted in his chest. The stimulator was in turn linked to a position-sensing unit attached to Holgersen's right shoulder—over which he retains some motor control. Now, when the patient wants to pick up a glass, he moves his right shoulder upward. This movement sends an electrical signal from the position sensor, worn under his clothing, to the stimulator in his chest, which amplifies it and passes it along to appropriate muscles in his arm and hand. They contract in response, and his left hand closes. When he wants to release the glass, he moves his right shoulder downward, and his left hand opens. The University of Louvain in Brussels used a similar application of technology in relation to eyesight. A patient's rod and cone cells had degenerated, causing the retina to become insensitive to light. Consequently, she became blind. An electrode implanted around her right optic nerve enabled her to regain partial sight. In this patient's case, the electrode was connected to a stimulator placed inside a cavity in the skull. A video camera, worn on a cap, transmitted the images to the stimulator in the form of radio signals, bypassing the damaged rod and cone cells, and delivered the electric signals directly to the optic nerve. The brain's visual cortex reassembled these signals to form an image. The patient's experience is comparable to watching a miniature stadium billboard, but the quality is nevertheless sufficient to prove that this system is viable. This system is called a "Microsystembased Visual Prosthesis", a device permanently implanted into the patient's head. But to make it all work, the patient needs to go to a specially designated room in the University of Louvain and wear what looks like a badly damaged bathing cap. The bathing cap is made of plastic with a standard video camera installed on its front. The more pixels there are to form an image on the screen, the greater the number of electrical stimulations; therefore, the

greater the resolution quality of the image. These incidents clearly show that all we feel is based on our senses and also we see how the gap between reality and virtuality is being bridged by the advent of new sciences. And most importantly they demonstrate the fact : The external world is a copied imageof what we watch in our minds. This is just like a virtual reality but the difference is that the virtual image is being formed inside the brain. The virtual smell is felt in the brain. The virtual pain is felt in the brain. …

11-THE REALITY OF EVERYTHING IS VIRTUALITY Michael Posner, a psychologist, and Marcus Raichle, a neurologist from Washington University comment on the issue of how sight and other senses occur, even in the absence of an external stimulus: "Open your eyes, and a scene fills your view effortlessly; close your eyes and think of that scene, and you can summon an image of it, certainly not as vivid, solid, or complete as a scene you see with your eyes, but still one that captures the scene's essential characteristics. In both cases, an image of the scene is formed in the mind. The image formed from actual visual experiences is called a "percept" to distinguish it from an imagined image. The percept is formed as the result of light hitting the retina and sending signals that are further processed in the brain. But how are we able to create an image when no light is hitting the retina to send such signals?"[6]

FIGURE 4 MICHAEL TALBOT, THE AUTHOR OF THE BOOK, THE HOLOGRAPHIC UNIVERSE, STATES THAT THE UNIVERSE IS A HOLOGRAM CONSISTING OF ORDERS LAID ON TOP OF ANOTHER AND ADDS THAT THE HUMAN MIND INTERACTS WITH THIS HOLOGRAM

The image of the car is formed in the visual center of human brain, which is only a few centimeter squares in size. If the image of a few- meter-long car fits into that tiny area, then should the visual center not be at least the size of the car? Respectively, if the visual center of the brain were several meters in size, should the human brain not be in great dimensions in accordance to the size of this area? If the human brain had covered such a vast area, should the human body not be kilometers long in direct proportion to its brain? Here we speak of a person seeing just a car. Let us consider the same situation for some

12-THE WORLD IN OUR BRAIN Brain is the CPU which is controlling this Vritual environment for us. Whatever we feel is because of some happenings in the brain. Here we deal only with the sense of sight to grasp the reality of the outside world. The light coming from an object is transformed into electrical signals by the cells in the eye and then transmitted to the center of vision in the brain. And the electrical signals there are turned into an image. For example you actually see this message in your brain. Brain is a piece of flesh composed of lipids, proteins and other various molecules. No light penetrates the skull, which mean the brain is entirely in darkness but it is fully capable of forming illuminated images. The image is formed inside a miniature spot in the brain and we cannot prove that what we are seeing does exist outside or not. Proving the existence of the external world is a huge task.

Suppose there is a Car outside. If the car is really out there than how can we answer the following questions :

FIGURE 5 DOES THE VALLEY REALLY EXIST

One who looks at a valley extending kilometers away. If this person claims to see the actual valley, then the visual center of his brain should be covering at least an area of several kilometers. Accordingly, his brain, internal organs, arms and legs should have gigantic dimensions. Since this is not the case, is it not irrational to claim that there exists outside a car of several meters long and a valley stretching far and wide and that man deals with the originals of these materials? The person's own body is also included in the images a person see. So, a person only sees the copy of his own body. This means every person all through his life lives in the cave in his skull where he never knows what is outside, including his own body and other objects . What is more appropriate to say : Is the person inside the room or is the room inside the

person. What we are see ,feel, smell ant taste are the real things or only the virtual happening in the brain.

FIGURE 6 LIVING IN THE BRAIN

If we are living an illusion that has the possibility of not having any reality outside, then we may be existing in a very different place. Let us imagine 5 different people who look at a garden of roses. Since every one of these people see the rose garden in his own brain, then aren't there 5 different rose gardens in the brains of every one of the 5 people? Is the color red that each one sees the same with the other's perception of red? Everyone is seeing a different rose, everyone is smelling a different rose formed within their brains. If someone is color blind and sees the rose green by no means can we prove to him that how it ‗actually‘ looks like. What he perceives is actual for him.

FIGURE 7 WHICH ROSE IS REAL

13-THE WORLD OF PERCEPTIONS George Berkeley, expresses this truth in his work A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge:

―By sight I have the ideas of light and colours, with their several degrees and variations. By touch I perceive hard and soft, heat and cold, motion and resistance... Smelling furnishes me with odours; the palate with tastes; and hearing conveys sounds... And as several of these are observed to accompany each other, they come to be marked by one name, and so to be reputed as one thing. Thus, for example, a certain colour, taste, smell, figure and consistence having been observed to go together, are accounted one distinct thing, signified by the name apple; other collections of ideas constitute a stone, a tree, a book, and the like sensible things...‖[7]

FIGURE 8 THE NEW SCIENTIST’S APRIL 27,2002 ISSUE WITH ITS COVER STORY , “HOLLOW UNIVERSE”

Throughout our lives we live with copyperceptions which are shown to us. However, these copies are so realistic that we never realize that they are copies. For example, lift your head and have a look around the room. You see that you are in a room full of furniture. When you touch the arms of the armchair in which you are sitting, you feel the hardness of it as if you are really touching the original of it. The reality of these images shown to you, and the excellent artistry in the creation of these images are sufficient to convince you and billions of other people that the images are "material". Even though most people have read that every sensation relating to the world is formed in their brains, since it is taught in high school biology classes, the images are so convincing that they have difficulty believing that these images are only fantasies in their brain. The reason for this is that each image is created very

realistically and perfected to an art. Philosopher G. Berkeley clearly expressed that our perceptions exist only in our minds and that we would be mistaken in automatically assuming that they exist in the outside world:

We believe in the existence of objects just because we see and touch them, and they are reflected to us by our perceptions. However, our perceptions are only ideas in our mind. Thus, objects we captivate by perceptions are nothing but ideas, and these ideas are essentially in nowhere but our mind… Since all these exist only in the mind, then it means that we are beguiled by deceptions when we imagine the universe and things to have an existence outside the mind. So, none of the surrounding things have an existence out of our mind.[8]

14-HOLY QURAN- AS A PROOF: In Numerous places the Quran says that the life of the world is a deception.

‫فَلَا تَغُرًََّّ ُكنُ الْحَيَاةُ الدًُِّيَا‬

―Therefore let not this world's life deceive you‖[9]

ِ‫وَها الْحَيَاةُ الدًُِّيَا إِالَّ هَتَاعُ الْغُرُور‬ ―And the life of this world is nothing but a provision of vanities‖[10] The Holy Quran is telling is that the life of this world is an illusion. Its a Virtual Reality or a real virtuality which might not have any real existence. Its a mind game. We can prove that the earth is in our brains but we can never prove that there is an external world too. Keep the concept of thinking and dreaming in your mind. When we open our eyes we come to know that it was all our imagination or it was all a dream. Similarly, when our eyes close from this world our REAL eyes would open and we will come to know of this deceptive illusion. This fact is also illustrated in the holy Quran

ْ‫َفكَشَفٌَْا عٌَلَ غِطَا َءكَ فَبَصَ ُركَ الَْيىِمَ َحدِيد‬ ―But now We have removed from you your veil, so your sight today is sharp‖ [11] The most important of those Islamic scholars who explained the true nature of matter was Imam Rabbani, who has been widely respected in the Islamic world for hundreds of years and is seen as "the greatest reformer of the 10th century according to the Muslim calendar." In his book Letters, Imam Rabbani provides a detailed commentary on this very subject. In one of his letters, Imam Rabbani says that God created the entire universe at the level of perception:

"God's creation is at the sphere of senses and perceptions." This means "God's creation is at such a sphere that at that sphere, there is no permanency or existence for objects apart from senses and perceptions." [12]

15-A CHAIN OF VRS We have reached the fact that this life is also virtual and in this virtual life we are establishing further virtual realities by the use of technology or by our imagination and thinking in our brains. Imagine a VR with in a VR. A dream within a dream. A virtual game in a virtual world itself. The virtual experiences we get by the use of technology also seem so real that it becomes difficult for the brain to judge in future which was a real experience and which was a virtual one.

[5] Surah Zumar Chapter number 39 Verse no 42 [6] Michael I. Posner, Marcus E. Raichle, Images of Mind, Scientific American Library, New York, 1999, p. 88 [7] George Berkeley, A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge, 1710, Works of George Berkeley, vol. I, ed. A. Fraser, Oxford, 1871 p. 35-36 FIGURE 9 VR WITHIN A VR

VR website brought up an important research in this regard : Virtual experiences improved people's memories of the camera's functions, it also increased false positives -- that is, more people believed it could do things that it couldn't do.

[8] George Politzer, Principes Fondamentaux de Philosophie, Editions Sociales, Paris, 1954, pp. 38-39-44 [9] Surah Luqman Chapter no 31 Verse No 33 [10] Surah Ale Imran Chapter no 3 Verse no 185 [11] Surah Qaaf Chapter no 50 Verse no 22

16-THE ULTIMATE HOLOGRAM Imagine a holographic world in front of you. This world is no different; just that the hologram is in your mind. You are living in the virtual world in your mind and even if there is an external world out there you can never prove it.

‫يَعَِلوُىىَ ظَاهِرّا هِّيَ الْحَيَاةِ الدًُِّيَا‬

―They know (only) the outward of this world's life‖[13] References: [1] Rucker, Rudy (2006). The Lifebox, The

Seashell, and the Soul: What Gnarly Computation Taught Me About Ultimate Reality, the Meaning of Life, and How to Be Happy. Thunder's Mouth Press, 128-134. [2] C. Manetta and R. Blade in "Glossary of Virtual Reality Terminology" in the International Journal of Virtual Reality, Vol.1 Nr.2 1995. [3] B. SHERMAN AND P. JUDKINS (1992) "GLIMPSES OF HEAVEN, VISIONS OF HELL: VIRTUAL REALITY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS" (HODDER AND STOUGHTON: LONDON) [4] G. Burdea and P. Coiffet, Virtual Reality Technology, JohnWiley, New York, 1994.

[12]İmam Rabbani, Letters of Rabbani, Vol II, 357. Letter, p. 163 [13] Surah Rum Chapter no 30 Verse no 7