Translation In Different Register.docx

TRANSLATION IN DIFFERENT REGISTER ANALYSIS OF REGISTER WITH REFERENCEE TO THE COLOR MAGAZINE OF GARUDA INDONESIA ENTITLED CHRISTMAS IN FINNLAND

YUNITA GLORIA TOLOLIU 1780111052

MASTER OF LINGUISTICS PROGRAM UDAYANA UNIVERSITY 2017

ANALYSIS OF REGISTER WITH REFERENCEE TO THE COLOR MAGAZINE OF GARUDA INDONESIA ENTITLED CHRISTMAS IN FINNLAND I.

INTRODUCTION

Translation is a process of transferring a text from a language to another. It can be done by changing the form or keeping the form. According to Larson (1984:12), the purpose of translation is to transfer the meaning of a source language text into a target language text. This is done by replacing the form of the source language with the form of the target language. The meaning itself is maintained, even though the form may be adjusted by transferring the meaning of the SL text using the natural form of the TL (cf. Larson 1984; 3). Catford (1965: 20) defines that translation is the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL). This form of language replacement is easy if SL and TL has the same shape. In the process of translating a text, translators are not easy to translate the text because not all of the languages have the same shape because of different linguistics system and culture and it is hard for them to find the appropriate match that can make a good translation. Translation activities will be more difficult if the text or discourse related to the idea, or the idea underlying factors, such as social and cultural factors. Therefore, the differences in shape and idea then developed a definition that emphasizes the translation of message or content. The main problem is the accuracy of the translation equivalent meaning derived from SL into TL. Because of those differences, the translators use methods and techniques in translation to get the natural meaning that can be understood by the readers. The result of the translation also should be related to the accuracy, clarity, and naturalness of the meaning, ideas or messages of the translation. In translating the text, there is a lot of things that should be considered as the translators such as culture, terms that will be used, procedures, methods and also the target readers because the meaning of the SL has to be delivered to the TL and it can be understood by them. To achieve a good translation, the translators should pay attention to the readers because they are the center, focus and purpose of the translation. In translation, there are two things to focus on in the translation, they are text-focused and reader-focused in which most of the translators choose the reader-focused of their translation. The reader-focused means the translators

transfer the meaning whether it keeps or changes the form, adapt or modulate the SL text into the TL, the important thing the target readers can understand and get the point of what the text talks about. In translating text, it is also important to know who is the target reader or to whom the translators are going to translate the text. The translators cannot use heavy words or difficult words to the children as the target readers because they will not understand and vice versa. If the text is addressed to adult or important people so, the translators should use the polite language and if the text for the children, they should use simple language that can be understood. All of that is called style or register. Register is a language used at a given moment and is determined by what you do, with whom and by what means. The register shows the type of social process that is going on. The register simply can be regarded as a variation of language based on its use. Holmes (1992: 276) understands the register with a more general concept because it is aligned with the concept of style in which it refers to language variations that reflect changes based on situational factors (such as place / time, topic of conversation). It is a linguistic variation tailored to the language user context (Halliday; 1972). This means that the language to be used will be different depending on the situation and the type of media used. Registers cover all aspects of language then, the register is also called as style of speech (style). Variations in the choice of language in the register will be bound to the context of the situation that includes 3 variables, namely field, tenor, and mode. Field will refer to what happens as an overview of social processes, what participants are doing with the language, and the environment in which they occur. This field also involves questions related to the environment of events such as: when, where, how the incident occurred, why the incident happened and so forth. Then, tenor will point to anyone who plays a role in social events, the characteristics of the participant, including his or her social status and role such as what kind of social roles each participant holds, including status relations or permanent or temporary roles, while also referring to the role of the language used to express the relationship of roles and social status in it. Meanwhile, mode will point to what is played by the language (persuasive, expository, or didactic) what channel to use (written or oral), what participants expect by using the language in that particular situation. All three work simultaneously to form a contextual configuration.

II.

DISCUSSION CHRISTMAS IN FINNLAND

SL

TL

SL

TL

During Christmas, the average snowfall is normally around 40 centimetres in Lapland, 30 centimetres in Central Finland and 50 centimetres in southern parts of Finland.

Saat Natal tiba, pada umumnya salju yang turun dapat mencapai ketebalan 40 cm di Lapland, 30 cm di Finlandia tengah, dan ro cm di daerah bagian selatan Finlandia.

Every year there are around 1.5 million Christmas trees in Finland: around 54 per cent of Finnish households have a Christmas tree.

Setiap tahunnya, ada sekitar 1,5 juta pohon Natal di Finlandia sekitar 54 persen rumah tangga menghiasi rumah mereka dengan pohon Natal.

SL

TL

SL

TL

Everyone knows Santa the one and only comes from Finland. Santa's official office, open each day of the year, is in the city of Rovaniemi. Children and adults can visit Santa's office, enjoy a private chat with him and revel in the enchanted atmosphere.

Sudah menjadi pengetahuan umum bahwa Santa berasal dari Finlandia. Kantor resmi Santa berada di Rovaniemi dan buka setiap hari sepanjang tahun. Anak-anak dan orang dewasa bisa berkunjung ke sini untuk bertemu Santa sekaligus bersuka ria.

Christmas is a time of good deeds Finns often put out oats or seeds for little birds to help them survive the cold winter.

Natal adalah momen untuk berbagi kasih Penduduk Finlandia biasa meletakkan gandum atau bijibijian untuk makanan burung- burung selama musim dingin.

SL

TL

SL

TL

Finnish Christmas would not be the same without gingerbread of all shapes and sizes. The scents of freshly baked ginger biscuits, glogi and wood-fired sauna in the making are perhaps all you need for the best holiday time of your life.

Natal di Finlandia tak terasa lengkap tanpa kehadiran kue jahe dalam berbagai bentuk dan ukuran. Aroma menyenangkan dari biskuit jahe, glogi serta kayu bakar sauna menciptakan suasana liburan terbaik dalam hidup Anda.

Sauna is an important part of Finnish Christmas. It is a tradition to go to the sauna on Christmas Eve. It is estimated that there are around two million saunas in Finland, meaning that many households have their own.

Sauna merupakan bagian penting dalam perayaan Natal di Finlandia. Sudah menjadi tradisi untuk pergi ke sauna di malam Natal. Ada sekitar dua juta sauna di Finlandia, yang berarti sebagian besar keluarga memiliki sauna sendiri.

Analysis: Color Magazine is a magazine of Garuda Indonesia that has contents about diversity of Indonesia and also some information about other countries. The magazine is a bilingual text which is English and Indonesia. It will make it easier to understand because the target readers are not only coming from Indonesia but other countries as well. In edition of December 2017, page 140 the SL is English and the text is translated into Indonesia in which the writer gives some information about the Christmas situation in Finnland and it divided into six parts that talks about different things on the Christmas moment. This text of Color Magazine entitled Christmas in Finnland categorized as casual text or informal text. Generally journalism and occasionally academic writing use this register. When using an informal register, there is usually a close relationship between the writer, audience and topic with a degree of casualness. However, care must be taken in order not to mistake informal for familiar registers. The features of this register are different from the familiar register as more care is taken with grammar etc. However, the tone is conversational, using colloquial language, compared to the formal register. Holmes (1992: 245) in her book entitled “Introduction to Sociolinguistics” states that language varies according to its use as well as its user, according to where it used and to whom. One of the characteristics of that kind of style is the writer used personal writing style in which it can be seen that the informal or casual text, the language style is connected from the topic and use first person point of view or second person for example the sentence The scents of freshly baked ginger biscuits, glogi and wood-fired sauna in the making are perhaps all you need for the best holiday time of your life and its translation Aroma menyenangkan dari biskuit jahe, glogi serta kayu bakar sauna menciptakan suasana liburan terbaik dalam hidup Anda. This sentence proves that the writer addressed the reader using second person (you and your) in order to make the text more relaxed and easier to understand by the target readers. In analyzing the register in the translation, there are three variables that can be considered as the style, they are subject matter, purpose and social setting. Meanwhile, according to Halliday’s context of situation, every communicative act (i. e. text of some kind) takes place in a ‘situational and cultural context.’ It is the context of situation that determines what sort of language will be used. He categorizes the context of situation into

three parts, they are field, tenor and mode. Field is the subject matter and the nature of the activity, i.e. what is happening, to who, when and where. What the participants know, why they are doing what they are doing. Tenor is social (power and status) relationships existing between participants. How they regard each other, and how familiar they are with each other. Then, mode is how the language is being used, organised, whether it is written or spoken, written to be spoken, spoken to be written. Also refers to how the text is produced: spontaneous, prepared, performative or reflective. Subject matter is the things that are being talked or written about, or used as the subject of a piece of art (dictionary.cambridge.org) or it can be said as what something is about. Here, in the text, the writer talks about Christmas situation in Finnland. In the Christmas Day, many countries has their own tradition or characteristics in celebrating the Christmas. There are six different kinds of topic that shared in the written text, they are snowfall, Christmas tree, Santa clause, foods, cookies and the last is sauna in which it becomes the characteristics or tradition of Finns to celebrate the Christmas. Purpose is the reason for which anything is done, created, or exists (thefreedictionary.com). The purpose in the text can be divided into four parts, they are argument, information, narrative and persuade. Argument is a reasoned, logical way of demonstrating the writer’s position, belief, or conclusion. The writer makes a claim and then defends that claim with information from credible sources. Information conveys information accurately. The writer’s purpose is to increase the reader’s knowledge, to help the reader better understand a procedure or process, or to increase the reader’s comprehension of a concept. Narrative writing coveys an experience, either real or imaginary and uses time as its deep structure. Narrative writing can be informative, persuasive, or entertaining. Then, persuade is text written to persuade means the author's goal is to convince the reader to agree with the author. This might mean the author wants the reader to think or even act in a specific way. This type of writing is extremely common. Any piece which pushes a certain opinion or asks for some sort of call for action is persuasive writing. According to the definition, the text entitled Christmas in Finnland has the purpose, which is to give information to the target readers. It can be seen that from the six different kinds of topic, the writer tried to give information about people or called Finns, how they

celebrate the Christmas day, what things they do in Christmas and what are being their traditions during the Christmas. All the activities or traditions that done by the Finns are shared by the writer so that, all the passengers including the adults or children may know about the celebration of Christmas day in Finnland. It also can give some knowledge and increase the reader’s comprehension about the culture and tradition in which all the target readers are able to increase their experience how their cultures face or celebrate the Christmas moment and compare to other countries. When the readers read about the text indirectly they learn about that country so that, the information that given by the writer will give good impact or benefit to the target readers because beside it gives some knowledge about the culture, they also learn about that culture. Social setting is an aspect of setting that pertains to the human environment among which events occur and among which characters live or interact. A social setting is a condition of existence. Based on the definition of social setting, the text id delivered to all the passengers of Garuda Indonesia, including adults and children. The text is kind of informal text in which it is more relaxed, casual and can be understood by all the passengers for example the sentence Finnish Christmas would not be the same without gingerbread of all shapes and sizes is translated into Natal di Finlandia tak terasa lengkap tanpa kehadiran kue jahe dalam berbagai bentuk dan ukuran. It can be seen that, the translator tended to translate in a casual way, the word tak in Indonesian comes from tidak which is it categorized as the formal way but the translator tended to use tak in its translation to make the sentence is more relaxed and in daily lives, the people tend to use the word tak when they want to declare tidak because it should be our habit and the people including adults and children often use that kind of word. If the text is addressed to royal or important people, the translation should be translated formally so that, it becomes Natal di Finlandia tidak akan terasa lengkap tanpa adanya kehadiran kue jahe dalam berbagai bentuk dan ukuran yang merupakan ciri khas dari kota Finnland. In translating the text, the translators also should add some information about the sentence to make the sentence clear to read and the target readers will be understand.

III. CONCLUSION Register is a language used at a given moment and is determined by what you do, with whom and by what means. The register shows the type of social process that is going on. The register simply can be regarded as a variation of language based on its use. The register of the text including subject matter, purpose and social setting are having important role in translation. It covers all aspects of language in which through the register, the analyzer or target reader knows about what the text talks about, why the text is made and to whom the text is made. In translation, the target reader will be the focus of translator because the translators transfer the meaning whether it keeps or changes the form, adapt or modulate the SL text into the TL, the important thing the target readers can understand and get the point of what the text talks about. In translating text, it is also important to know who is the target reader or to whom the translators are going to translate the text. The translators should know the gender so that, the meaning of the SL text can be transferred to the TL.

IV. REFERENCES https://susannoettel.wordpress.com/2013/06/12/variasi-sosial-penggunaan-bahasa-register/ http://awelu.srv.lu.se/grammar-and-words/register-and-style/register-types/ http://www.balancingthesword.com/study_support/glossaryword.asp?ID=81&_Word=social+settin g