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In the name of Allah, The Compassionate, The Merciful
FABRICATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF SEED TREATER IN SEED PROCESSING PLANT By
Engr. Shahzad Amir Rafiq B.Sc. (Hons.) Agri. Engg. 1999-ag-655
A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
Agri. Engineering Department of Farm Machinery & Power Faculty of Agri. Engg. and Technology University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan 2009
To The Controller of Examinations, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.
We, the supervisory committee certify that the contents and form of thesis submitted by Mr. Shahzad Amir Rafiq, Reg. No: 1999-ag-655 have been found satisfactory and recommend that it be processed for evaluation by the External Examiner(s) for the award of the degree.
SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE
Chairman
_________________________ (Mr. Khawaja Altaf Hussain)
Member
_________________________ (Dr. Manzoor Ahmed )
Member
_________________________ (Mr. Imran Khan)
DEDICATED TO
MY ADORABLE PARENTS A minaret of love, affection and kindness
MY AFFABLE FRIENDS A symbol of success for me!
and MY AFFECTIONATE TEACHERS
Enlightening my conscience with the essence of knowledge
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am indebted to Almighty ALLAH, the propitious, the benevolent and sovereign whose blessing and glory flourished my thoughts and thrived my ambitions, giving me talented teachers, affectionate parents, sweet brothers and unique friends. Trembling lips and wet eyes praise for Holy Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H.) for enlightening our conscience with the essence of faith in Allah, converging all His kindness and mercy upon him. The work presented in this manuscript was accomplished under the sympathetic attitude, animate directions, observant pursuit, scholarly criticism, cheering perspective and enlightened supervision of Mr, Khawaja Altaf Hussain, Department of Farm Machinery and Power, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. His thorough analysis and rigorous critique improved the quality of this dissertation. I am grateful to his ever inspiring guidance, keen interest, scholarly comments and constructive suggestions on my work. I feel it my utmost pleasure in expressing my devout gratitude to Dr. Muhammad Younis (Late), Department of Farm Machinery
and Power,
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, for providing me with strategic command at every step. His efforts towards the inculcation of spirit of hard work and maintenance of professional integrity besides other valuable suggestions will always serve as a beacon of light throughout the course of my life. I extend deep emotions of appreciation and gratitude to the members of my supervisory committee,
Dr, Manzoor Ahmad Associate
Professor,
Department of Farm Machinery and Power, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad and Mr. Imran Khan, Lecturer, Department of Statistics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, for their time to time constructive criticism and valuable suggestions during the course of this study.
Friends are the comrades of the battle, the battle to generate knowledge, sift myths and facts and to remove ambiguity. They were co-sharer of my struggle and my work. I express my thankful feelings for all of my friends especially Mr. Azhar Iqbal Shad, Mr. Munir Ahmad, Mr. Saqib Ali, Mr. Zaid Bashir, Mr. Samiullah Khan Durani, Mr. Rana Imran Sattar, and Mr. Salman Sarwar. No acknowledgements could ever adequately express my obligations to my affectionate and adoring parents and my loving wife and my loving sisters whose hands have always been raised in prayers for me. Without their moral and financial support, the present distinction would have been merely a dream. They always acted as a light house for me in the dark oceans of mortal life. No words can really express the feelings that I have for my beloved parents. The names of my parents will always be reminded whenever I will look on the cover of my thesis. May Allah Almighty infuse me with the energy to fulfill their noble inspirations and expectations and further edify my competence. Finally, I apologize if I have caused anger or offence to any body and the errors that remain in the manuscript are mine alone. May Allah bless all these people with long, happy and peaceful lives (Ameen).
Engr. Shahzad Amir Rafiq
CONTENTS CH # 1. 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13
3. 3.1 3.2
TITLE INTRODUCITON
Page # 1
wheat seed production in developing countries Seeds VARIETY DEVELOPMENT, EVALUATION AND RELEASE SEED CLASSES OBJECTIVES
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
8
PHYSICALY TREATMENTS BIOLOGYCALY TREATMENTS NATURALY TREATMENTS CHEMICALY TREATMENTS PROCESSING OF SEEDS SEED TREATMENTS STORAGE OF SEED SEED QUALITY CONTROL SEED TREATMENTS IN CURRENT USE EFFICIENCY OF CHEMICAL SEED TREATMENTS DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR SEED TREATMENTS APPLICATION SYSTEMS HISTORY
MATERIALS AND METHODS
31
Phase one Phase Two
4.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 4.2 4.3
Comparison B/w Old and New Treater Tables & Graph Comparison with help of ANOVA Table
5. 6.
SUMMARY LITERATURE CITED
50
79 82
LIST OF TABLES TITLE
Sr.# 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
st
1 variety of Wheat on old Seed Treater 2nd variety of Wheat on old Seed Treater 3rd variety of Wheat on old Seed Treater 1st variety of Wheat on New Seed Treater 2nd variety of Wheat on New Seed Treater 3rd variety of Wheat on New Seed Treater 1st variety of Cotton on old Seed Treater 1st variety of Cotton on New Seed Treater 2nd variety of Cotton on old Seed Treater 2nd variety of Cotton on New Seed Treater 3rd variety of Cotton on old & New Seed Treater
For Wheat: ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE Comparison of mean values For Cotton:
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE Comparison of mean values
Page# 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 75 76 77 78
FABRICATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF SEED TREATER IN SEED PROCESSING PLANT By
Engr. Shahzad Amir Rafiq B.Sc. (Hons.) Agri. Engg. 1999-ag-655
A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
Agri. Engineering Department of Farm Machinery & Power Faculty of Agri. Engg. and Technology University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan 2009
To The Controller of Examinations, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.
We, the supervisory committee certify that the contents and form of thesis submitted by Mr. Shahzad Amir Rafiq, Reg. No: 1999-ag-655 have been found satisfactory and recommend that it be processed for evaluation by the External Examiner(s) for the award of the degree.
SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE
Chairman
_________________________ (Mr. Khawaja Altaf Hussain)
Member
_________________________ (Dr. Manzoor Ahmed )
Member
_________________________ (Mr. Imran Khan)
DEDICATED TO
MY ADORABLE PARENTS A minaret of love, affection and kindness
MY AFFABLE FRIENDS A symbol of success for me!
and MY AFFECTIONATE TEACHERS
Enlightening my conscience with the essence of knowledge
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am indebted to Almighty ALLAH, the propitious, the benevolent and sovereign whose blessing and glory flourished my thoughts and thrived my ambitions, giving me talented teachers, affectionate parents, sweet brothers and unique friends. Trembling lips and wet eyes praise for Holy Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H.) for enlightening our conscience with the essence of faith in Allah, converging all His kindness and mercy upon him. The work presented in this manuscript was accomplished under the sympathetic attitude, animate directions, observant pursuit, scholarly criticism, cheering perspective and enlightened supervision of Mr, Khawaja Altaf Hussain, Department of Farm Machinery and Power, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. His thorough analysis and rigorous critique improved the quality of this dissertation. I am grateful to his ever inspiring guidance, keen interest, scholarly comments and constructive suggestions on my work. I feel it my utmost pleasure in expressing my devout gratitude to Dr. Muhammad Younis (Late), Department of Farm Machinery
and Power,
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, for providing me with strategic command at every step. His efforts towards the inculcation of spirit of hard work and maintenance of professional integrity besides other valuable suggestions will always serve as a beacon of light throughout the course of my life. I extend deep emotions of appreciation and gratitude to the members of my supervisory committee,
Dr, Manzoor Ahmad Associate
Professor,
Department of Farm Machinery and Power, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad and Mr. Imran Khan, Lecturer, Department of Statistics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, for their time to time constructive criticism and valuable suggestions during the course of this study.
Friends are the comrades of the battle, the battle to generate knowledge, sift myths and facts and to remove ambiguity. They were co-sharer of my struggle and my work. I express my thankful feelings for all of my friends especially Mr. Azhar Iqbal Shad, Mr. Munir Ahmad, Mr. Saqib Ali, Mr. Zaid Bashir, Mr. Samiullah Khan Durani, Mr. Rana Imran Sattar, and Mr. Salman Sarwar. No acknowledgements could ever adequately express my obligations to my affectionate and adoring parents and my loving wife and my loving sisters whose hands have always been raised in prayers for me. Without their moral and financial support, the present distinction would have been merely a dream. They always acted as a light house for me in the dark oceans of mortal life. No words can really express the feelings that I have for my beloved parents. The names of my parents will always be reminded whenever I will look on the cover of my thesis. May Allah Almighty infuse me with the energy to fulfill their noble inspirations and expectations and further edify my competence. Finally, I apologize if I have caused anger or offence to any body and the errors that remain in the manuscript are mine alone. May Allah bless all these people with long, happy and peaceful lives (Ameen).
Engr. Shahzad Amir Rafiq
CONTENTS CH # 1. 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13
3. 3.1 3.2
TITLE INTRODUCITON
Page # 1
wheat seed production in developing countries Seeds VARIETY DEVELOPMENT, EVALUATION AND RELEASE SEED CLASSES OBJECTIVES
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
8
PHYSICALY TREATMENTS BIOLOGYCALY TREATMENTS NATURALY TREATMENTS CHEMICALY TREATMENTS PROCESSING OF SEEDS SEED TREATMENTS STORAGE OF SEED SEED QUALITY CONTROL SEED TREATMENTS IN CURRENT USE EFFICIENCY OF CHEMICAL SEED TREATMENTS DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR SEED TREATMENTS APPLICATION SYSTEMS HISTORY
MATERIALS AND METHODS
31
Phase one Phase Two
4.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 4.2 4.3
Comparison B/w Old and New Treater Tables & Graph Comparison with help of ANOVA Table
5. 6.
SUMMARY LITERATURE CITED
50
79 82
LIST OF TABLES TITLE
Sr.# 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
st
1 variety of Wheat on old Seed Treater 2nd variety of Wheat on old Seed Treater 3rd variety of Wheat on old Seed Treater 1st variety of Wheat on New Seed Treater 2nd variety of Wheat on New Seed Treater 3rd variety of Wheat on New Seed Treater 1st variety of Cotton on old Seed Treater 1st variety of Cotton on New Seed Treater 2nd variety of Cotton on old Seed Treater 2nd variety of Cotton on New Seed Treater 3rd variety of Cotton on old & New Seed Treater
For Wheat: ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE Comparison of mean values For Cotton:
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE Comparison of mean values
Page# 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 75 76 77 78
