The Valid Papal Election Of Pope Michael

The Valid Papal Election of Pope Michael By: Phil Friedl “That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church. And the gates of Hell shall not prevail against it.” i “And if he will not hear them: tell the church, And if he will not hear the church: let him be to thee as the heathen and publican.” ii “And the Lord said: Simon, Simon, behold Satan hath desired to have you, that he may sift you as wheat. But I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not: and thou, being once converted, confirm thy brethren.” iii

“And there was a great battle in heaven, Michael and his angels fought with the dragon, and the dragon fought and his angels: And they prevailed not, neither was their place found any more in heaven. And that great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, who is called the devil and Satan, who seduceth the whole world; and he was cast unto the earth, and his angels were thrown down with him. And I heard a loud voice in heaven, saying: Now is come salvation, and strength, and the kingdom of our God, and the power of his Christ: because the accuser of our brethren is cast forth, who accused them before our God day and night.”iv 1

Profession of Faith “And I say to you, Whosoever shall confess me before men, him shall the Son of man also confess before the angels of God. But he that shall deny me before men, shall be denied before the angels of God.” v 1) I, Phil Friedl, with a firm faith believe and profess all and everyone of the things contained in that creed which the holy Roman Church makes use of: I believe in one God, the Father Almighty, maker of heaven and earth, and of all things visible and invisible; and in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only begotten Son of God, and born of the Father before all ages; God of God, Light of Light, true God of true God; begotten not made, consubstantial with the Father by Whom all things were made; Who for us men and for our salvation came down from heaven and was incarnate by the Holy Ghost of the Virgin Mary, and was made man; crucified also for us under Pontius Pilate, He suffered and was buried; and He arose again on the third day, according to the Scriptures; and He ascended into heaven, sitteth at the right hand of the Father; and again He will come with glory to judge the living and the dead; of Whose kingdom there shall be no end; and in the Holy Ghost the Lord and Giver of life, Who proceedeth from the Father and the Son; Who with the Father and the Son together is adored and glorified; Who spoke by the prophets; and one holy Catholic and Apostolic Church. I confess one baptism for the remission of sins; and I look for the resurrection of the dead and the life of the world to come. Amen. 2) I most steadfastly admit and embrace Apostolic and ecclesiastical traditions, and all other observances and constitutions of the same Church. 3) I also admit the Holy Scriptures, according to that sense which our holy mother Church has held and does hold, to whom it belongs to judge of the true sense and interpretation of the Scriptures; neither will I ever take and interpret them otherwise than according to the unanimous consent of the Fathers. 4) I also profess that there are truly and properly seven sacraments of the New Law, instituted by Jesus Christ our Lord, and necessary for the salvation of mankind, though not all for every one, to wit: Baptism, Confirmation, the Eucharist, Penance, Extreme Unction, Holy Orders and Matrimony; and that they confer grace; and that these Baptism, Confirmation, and Holy Orders cannot be reiterated without sacrilege. I also receive and admit the received and approved ceremonies of the Catholic Church, used in the solemn administration of the aforesaid sacraments. 5) I embrace and receive all and everyone of the things which have been defined and declared in the holy Council of Trent concerning original sin and justification. 6) I profess, likewise, that in the Mass there is offered to God a true, a proper and propitiatory sacrifice for the living and the dead; and that in the most holy Sacrament of the Eucharist there is truly, really and substantially the body and blood, together with the soul and divinity of our Lord Jesus Christ; and that there is made a change of the whole essence of the bread into the body, and of the whole essence of the wine into the blood; which change the Church calls transubstantiation. 7) I also confess that under either kind alone Christ is received whole and entire, 2

and a true sacrament. 8) I firmly hold that there is a purgatory, and that the souls therein detained are helped by the suffrages of the faithful. Likewise, that the saints reigning with Christ are to be honored and invoked, and that they offer up prayers to God for us, and that their relics are to be had in veneration. 9) I most firmly assert that the images of Christ, and of the perpetual Virgin, the Mother of God, and also of other saints, ought to be had and retained, and that due honor and veneration are to be given them. I also affirm that the power of indulgences was left by Christ in the Church and that the use of them is most wholesome to Christian people. 10)I acknowledge the holy Catholic Apostolic Roman Church for the mother and mistress of all churches; and I promise and swear true obedience to the Bishop of Rome, successor to St. Peter, Prince of the Apostles and Vicar of Jesus Christ. 11) I likewise undoubtingly receive and profess all other things delivered, defined and declared by the Sacred Canons and General Councils, and particularly by the Holy Council of Trent; and I condemn, reject and anathematize all things contrary thereto, and all heresies which the Church has condemned rejected and anathematized. 12) I do, by this present, freely profess and truly hold this true Catholic faith, without which no one can be saved; and I promise most constantly to retain and confess the same entire and inviolate with God's assistance to the end of my life. And I will take care, as far as in me lies, that it shall be held, taught and preached by my subjects, or by those the care of whom shall appertain to me in my office. This I, Phil Friedl, promise, vow and swear-so help me God, and these holy Gospels of God.”

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Table of Contents The Church is Eternal Four Marks of the True Church ● One ● Holy ● Catholic ● Apostolic Definitions ● Heresy ● Heretical ● Heretic ● Antipope ● Apostasy ● Excommunication Application of Definitions and its Results ● Reign of John XXIII-II (1958 - 1963) ● Reign of Paul VI (1963-1978) ● Reign of John Paul I (1978-1978) ● Reign of John Paul II (1978-2005) ● Reign of Benedict XVI (2005 - Present) ● Vacancy In The Papacy Necessity of a Papal Election ● Unanimous Teaching of the Fathers ● Teaching of the Vatican Council Final Conclusion Closing Points

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The Church Is Eternal Truth is unchangeable, this is the most important mark of all. A Mathematical Truth: 1 = 1 (one equals one) 1 ≠ 2 (≠ means cannot equal) 1≠3 1≠4 1 ≠ → ∞ (as it approaches infinite amount of different contradictions) There can only be one correct answer: 1 = 1 You can have an infinite amount of doctrines, all of them but one can be false. For truth can never be destroyed, it will always remain in existence, for it could never cease to exist. Just as there is one God, their can only be one true doctrine. God is absolute truth itself. Because He is absolute perfection to the infinite amount, He cannot contain any falsehood in Him, for a falsehood is an imperfection. And to be imperfect would cease to be God. But because God is infinitely perfect, God will always be truthful. For He cannot deceive nor be deceived. So to assume a mark of falsehood is to cease to be true, and thus is not tending toward God, whom being Absolute Truth itself. For men always strives toward absolute truth. Men always hate liars. But God whom is absolute truth itself, hates liars even more (to the infinite degree), since it is contrary to His being. “Lying lips are an abomination to the Lord.”vi A lie or falsehood is evil, which we call sin. Depending on the gravity could be mortal, venial, or fault. “You are of your father, the devil, and the desires of your father you will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and he stood not in the truth; because truth is not in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father thereof.”vii Any doctrine that adheres to even one falsehood is revolting against God and His being. To adhere to a false doctrine would be devilish, “for he is a liar, and the father thereof.” If this church adhered to a false doctrine or a doctrine that is contrary to the truth, we can claim it to be a church of Satan. His Church (God's Church) must consist in being 100% truth. If His Church were to contain any percentage, even to the infinitesimal amount of falsehood, it would cease to lead to God, but rather to the devil, and to perdition. Every falsehood leads to Hell, for God had punished Satan for his lying prideful characteristics. “Never suffer pride to reign in thy mind, or in thy words: for from it all perdition took its beginning.” viii To have a single contradiction (falsehood) is to be oppose to truth. This is a simple mathematical contradiction, 1 = 2. We know that 1 ≠ 2. For 1 = 1 and it will always be. If people were to begin preaching, “we must now set the standard 1 = 2.” We would call that person a liar and a deceiver. The truth being 1 = 1. So too are those people who spread false doctrine, evil and liars. For they spread falsehood and not the truth, they are justly hated among men, angels, and God. If they continue in their perversity of spreading false doctrine until their death, they are justly accursed or anathematize from the City of God, that is Heaven. “I saw Satan, like lightning, falling from heaven.” ix

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What is Liberalism? Pages 96-103: “The supposed violence of modern Ultramontane journalism not only falls short of Liberal journalism, but is amply justified by every page of the works of our great Catholic polemists of other epochs. This is easily verified. St. John the Baptist calls the pharisees a "race of vipers"; Jesus Christ, Our Divine Saviour, hurls at them the epithets "hypocrites, whitened sepulchres, a perverse and adulterous generation," without thinking for this reason that He sullies the sanctity of His benevolent speech. St. Paul criticizes the schismatic Cretians as "always liars, evil beasts, slothful bellies." The same Apostle calls Elymas the magician a "seducer, full of guile and deceit, a child of the devil, an enemy of all justice." “If we open the Fathers, we find the same vigorous castigation of heresy and heretics. St. Jerome, arguing against Vigilantius, casts in his face his former occupation of saloon-keeper: "From your infancy," he says to him, "you have learned other things than theology and betaken yourself to other pursuits. To verify at the same time the value of your money accounts and the value of Scriptural texts, to sample wines and grasp the meaning of the prophets and apostles are certainly not occupations which the same man can accomplish with credit." On another occasion, attacking the same Vigilantius, who denied the excellence of virginity and of fasting, St. Jerome, with his usual sprightliness, asks him if he spoke thus "in order not to diminish the receipts of his saloon?" Heavens! what an outcry would be raised if one of our Ultramontane controversialists were to write against a Liberal critic or heretic of our own day in this fashion!” “What shall we say of St. John Chrysostom? Is his famous invective against Eutropius not comparable, in its personal and aggressive character, to the cruel invectives of Cicero against Catiline and against Verres! The gentle St. Bernard did not honey his words when he attacked the enemies of the Faith. Addressing Arnold of Brescia, the great Liberal agitator of his times, he calls him in all his letters, "seducer, vase of injuries, scorpion, cruel wolf." “The pacific St. Thomas of Acquin (Aquinas) forgets the calm of his cold syllogisms when he hurls his violent apostrophe against William of St. Amour and his disciples: "Enemies of God," he cries out, "ministers of the devil, members of antichrist, ignorami, perverts, reprobates!" Never did the illustrious Louis Veuillot speak so boldly. The seraphic St. Bonaventure, so full of sweetness, overwhelms his adversary Gerard with such epithets as "impudent, calumniator, spirit of malice, impious, shameless, ignorant, impostor, malefactor, perfidious, ingrate!" Did St. Francis de Sales, so delicately exquisite and tender, ever purr softly over the heretics of his age and country? He pardoned their injuries, heaped benefits on them even to the point of saving the lives of those who sought to take his, but with the enemies of the Faith he preserved neither moderation nor consideration. Asked by a Catholic, who desired to know if it were permissible to speak evil of a heretic who propagated false doctrines, he replied: "Yes, you can, on the condition that you adhere to the exact truth, to what you know of his bad conduct, presenting that which is doubtful as doubtful, according to the degree of doubt which you may have in this regard." In his Introduction to the Devout Life, that precious and popular work, he expresses himself again: "If the declared enemies of God and of the Church ought to be 6

blamed and censured with all possible vigor, charity obliges us to cry 'wolf when the wolf slips into the midst of the flock and in every way and place we may meet him." Conclusion #1: ● Truth leads to God ● Where there is God, there is our ultimate Good: Heaven ● Falsehood leads to Satan ● Where there is Satan, there is our ultimate Evil: Hell Sin and its Consequences, Henry Edward Manning Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster, Page 4: “Now, the will of God is the perfection of God Himself, holy, just, pure, merciful, true; and anything contrary to these perfections in thought, word, or deed is sin. The conformity of man to the will of God, to the perfections of God, is the sanctity or the perfection of the human soul; and the more he is conformed to the will of God, the holier and more perfect he is. Therefore, to be at variance with God is to be deformed; and the monstrous deformity of the human frame is not more humbling nor more hideous-nay, it is not humbling and hideous, compared with the deformity of the soul. When the soul is unlike to God, when it is departed from the perfection of God, when instead of purity there is impurity, instead of justice there is injustice, instead of truth there is falsehood, instead of mercy there is cruelty, instead of the perfections of God there is the direct contrary of those perfections; no deformity or hideousness that can strike the eye is so terrible.” Conclusion #2: ● Sin is contrary to God ● Pride is contrary to God ● Lust is contrary to God ● Anger is contrary to God ● Greed is contrary to God ● Gluttony is contrary to God ● Envy is contrary to God ● Falsehood is contrary to God ● Therefore false doctrine (contradictions/oppositions with the truth) leads to perdition. “But if I tarry long: That thou mayest know how thou oughtest to behave thyself in the house of God, which is the church of the living God, the pillar and ground of truth.” x Conclusion #3:  The Church is the pillar and ground of truth.  Pillars hold up a building, so truth are the pillars to the Church.  God's Church is all truth.  All false churches will contain contradictions, which are falsehoods. Only the One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church which professes the Catholic faith alone will remain true, for it is founded on truth being God Himself. “Thy word is truth.”xi  No one can destroy God, therefore no one can destroy the Church.

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Explanation of the First Mark of the True Church: One The Catechism Of The Council Of Trent, Page 102-104: “The Church has but one ruler and one governor, the invisible one, Christ, whom the eternal Father hath made head over all the Church, which is his body; the visible one, the Pope, who, as a legitimate successor of Peter, the Prince of the Apostles, fills the Apostolic Chair. It is the unanimous teaching of the Fathers that this visible head is necessary to establish and preserve unity in the Church. This St. Jerome clearly perceived and as clearly expressed when, in his work against Jovinian, he wrote: “One is elected that, by the appointment of a head, all occasion of schism may be removed.” In his letter to Pope Damasus the same holy Doctor writes: “Away with envy, let the ambition of Roman grandeur cease! I speak to the successor of the fisherman, and to the disciple of the cross. Following no chief but Christ, I am united in communion with your Holiness, that is, with the chair of Peter. I know that on that rock is built the Church. Whoever will eat the lamb outside this house is profane; whoever is not in the ark of Noah shall perish in the flood.” Should anyone object that the Church is content with one Head and one Spouse, Jesus Christ, and requires no other, the answer is obvious. For as we deem Christ not only the author of all the Sacraments, but also their invisible minister- He it is who baptizes, He it is who absolves, although men are appointed by Him the external ministers of the Sacraments-so has He placed over His Church, which He governs by His invisible Spirit, a man to be His vicar and the minister of His power. A visible Church requires a visible head; therefore the Saviour appointed Peter head and pastor of all the faithful, when He committed to his care the feeding of all His sheep, in such ample terms that He willed the very same power of ruling and governing the entire Church to descend to Peter's successors.” Conclusion #4: ● Church constitution and government cannot change. ● Unanimous teachings of the Fathers that a legitimate successor is necessary to establish and preserve unity in the Church. ● A visible Church needs a visible head. ● St. Ambrose: “Because he alone of all of them professed (Christ) he was placed above all.” xii

Explanation of the Second Mark of the True Church: Holy The Catechism Of The Council Of Trent, Page 104-106: “The second mark of the Church is holiness, as we learn from these words of the Prince of the Apostles: You are a chosen generation, a holy nation. The Church is called holy because she is consecrated and dedicated to God; for so other things when set apart and dedicated to the worship of God were wont to be called holy, even though they were material. The Church is also to be called holy because she is united to her holy Head, as His body; that is, to Christ the Lord, the fountain of all holiness, from whom flow the graces of the Holy Spirit and the riches of the divine bounty. Moreover, the Church alone has the legitimate worship of 8

sacrifice, and the salutary use of the Sacraments, which are the efficacious instruments of divine grace, used by God to produce true holiness. Hence, to possess true holiness, we must belong to this Church. The Church therefore it is clear, is holy, and holy because she is the body of Christ, by whom she is sanctified and in whose blood she is washed.” Conclusion #5: ● Has legitimate Sacraments. ● It results in producing true holiness, that of virtues which are the likeness of God Himself. Humility, chastity, meekness, poverty (detachment from the world) etc.

Explanation of the Third Mark of the True Church: Catholic The Catechism Of The Council Of Trent, Page 106:“The third mark of the Church is that she is Catholic; that is universal. And justly is she called Catholic, because, as St. Augustine says, she is diffused by the splendor of one faith from the rising to the setting sun. She is also called universal, because all who desire eternal salvation must cling to and embrace her, like those who entered the ark to escape perishing in the flood. This (note of catholicity), therefore, is to be taught as a most reliable criterion, by which to distinguish the true from a false Church.” Conclusion #6: ● Outside the Church there is no salvation. ● The Catholic faith cannot be contradictory ● All dogmas of the Catholic faith that are not understandable they are called mysteries. ● Just as there are mysteries we do not understand with the human body, nature, and space, so too are their mysteries in the Catholic faith. ● The Catholic faith is the truth, and truth being of infinite proportion, cannot be completely grasped, so their will always remain mysteries.

Explanation of the Fourth Mark of the True Church: Apostolic The Catechism Of The Council Of Trent, Page 107:“The true Church is also to be recognized from her origin, which can be traced back under the law of grace to the Apostles; for her doctrine is the truth not recently given, nor now first heard of, but delivered of old by the Apostles, and disseminated throughout the entire world. Hence no one can doubt that the impious opinions which heresy invents, opposed as they are to the doctrines taught by the Church from the days of the Apostles to the present time, are very different from the faith of the true Church. That all, therefore, might know which was the Catholic Church, the Fathers, guided by the Spirit of God, added to the Creed the word Apostolic. For the Holy Ghost, who presides over the Church, governs her by no other ministers than those of Apostolic succession. This Spirit, first imparted to the Apostles, has by the infinite goodness of God always continued in the Church. And just as this one Church cannot error in faith or morals, since it is guided by the Holy Ghost; so, on the contrary, all other societies arrogating to themselves the name of 9

church, must necessarily, because guided by the spirit of the devil, be sunk in the most pernicious errors, of both doctrinal and moral.” Conclusion #7: ● Only the Church alone can trace it's roots directly to Jesus Christ Himself. ● Only the Catholic faith alone can trace it's roots directly to the Apostles. ● Those who claim to profess Jesus Christ and is not in communion with the living successor of St. Peter is a follower of Satan. “And if he will not hear the church: let him be to thee as the heathen and publican.”xiii ● All false churches are “sunk in the most pernicious errors, of both doctrinal and moral.”

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Definitions A Catholic Dictionary, Heresy, Page 227: “As a sin heresy consists in the formal denial or doubt by a baptized person of any revealed truth of the Catholic Faith; as a crime it consists in the outward and pertinacious manifestation of the sin. Heresy differs from apostasy and schism. Anyone guilty of the crime incurs excommunication ipso facto, specially reserved to the Holy See in the internal forum.” A Catholic Dictionary, Heretical, Page 227: “A proposition condemned as heretical is thereby convicted of being directly opposed to a truth revealed by God.” A Catholic Dictionary, Heretic, Page 227: “One who, having been baptized and professing Christianity, pertinaciously rejects or doubts any article of faith determined by the authority of the Catholic Church.” A Catholic Dictionary, Antipope, Page 26: “One claiming to be pope in opposition to a true pope canonically elected. There have been over twenty five such, ten of them in the 12th century and most of them notoriously false pretenders.” A Catholic Dictionary, Apostasy, Page 27: “Apostasy from the Faith (a fide) is the act by which a baptized person, after possessing the true Christian faith, totally rejects it. It differs from heresy and schism. The abandonment of Christianity by one who, though baptized in the Catholic Church, has been brought up from infancy in a non-Catholic sect, is not apostasy in the proper sense. The complete abandonment of the practice of the Faith is not apostasy, or even a presumption of apostasy. A person is an apostate whether he joins a non-Christian religion, a Judaism, Buddhism, Islam, or falls into unbelief, atheism, materialism, agnosticism, rationalism, indifferentism or 'free thought.' Apostates from the Faith incur excommunication ipso facto, and other penalties. Penalties are incurred only for the crime of apostasy, not for the sin, i.e. There must be some external act. Apostates remain subject to the laws of the Church.” A Catholic Dictionary, Excommunication, Page 182: “An ecclesiastical censure which excludes a person from the communion of the faithful, with consequent disabilities and deprivations.” Various Errors on Moral Matters, By: Pope Alexander XII, 24 September 1165, DZ 1105: “Although it is evidently established by you that Peter is a heretic, you are not bound to denounce him.” Conclusion #1: ● We are bound as Catholics do denounce heretics. ● Therefore too bound to denounce antipopes for they are, “claiming to be pope.” 11

Application of Definitions and its Results The purpose of this section is to show that prior to the election of these men, they had adhered to heresy. By adhering to heresy, they by definition: “incurs excommunication ipso facto, specially reserved to the Holy See in the internal forum.” Therefore whoever adheres to it, ceases to be a Catholic and not papabile. xiv Only Catholics can be elected to the papacy. And if those adhering to heresy and are elected, they become antipopes by definition: “One claiming to be pope,” just as Satan claimed to be God. “God hath abolished the memory of the proud, and hath preserved the memory of them that are humble in mind.” xv

Reign of John XXIII-II (1958 - 1963) Pope John XXIII, Page 213: “My thoughts and my heart turn not only to our Catholic brethren but in the same way to all Christians of whatever persuasion who share with us Our Lord's message of love and to the great masses of many different races.” The Syllabus of Errors, By: Pope Pius IX, Indifferentism & Latitudinarianism, Encyclical “Noscitis,” 8 December 1849: “Protestantism is nothing more than another form of the same true Christian religion, in which form it is given to please equally as in the Catholic Church.” A Catholic Dictionary, Indifferentism, Page 252: “The denial that the worship of God and the practice of true religion is a duty of man. This indifferentism is of varying degrees and expressed in different maxims: “There is no God”; “Man cannot know if there be a God”; “One religion is a good as another”; “It does not matter what you believe so long as you act well”; “The only useful function of religion is to keep the lower classes in order.” Conclusion #1: ● He held the heretical error of indifferentism. ● Thus became a heretic: “One who, having been baptized and professing Christianity, pertinaciously rejects or doubts any article of faith determined by the authority of the Catholic Church.” ● He later died an apostate in the external form: “Apostasy from the Faith (a fide) is the act by which a baptized person, after possessing the true Christian faith, totally rejects it.”

Reign of Paul VI (1963-1978) The Church, Page 183: “The process involving the progressive distinction and separation of Church and State excludes any participation whatsoever by civil society in the Council itself. This separation also excludes any interference by worldly powers and temporal interests in the course of this magnificent event, at once human and religious. It is a very great historical event, a great human and visible phenomenon.”

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The Syllabus of Errors, By: Pope Pius IX, Errors About Civil Society Considered Both In Itself And In Its Relation To The Church, Allocution “Acerbissimum,” 27 September 1852: “The Church ought to be separated from the State, and the State from the Church.” A Catholic Dictionary, Liberalism, Page 291: “A group of errors regarding the relation between Church and state, divine law, ecclesiastical law, and various articles of belief. In various forms it contends that all law as are derived from the state (Absolute Liberalism); for while granting a juridical authority to the church, it denies that the Church is in any way supreme or superior to the state and, maintaining that her authority is over consciences only lays down that she has no external or social authority (Moderate Liberalism); or granting the Church's independence and supremacy, it lays down that her power should not be pressed. Its origin goes back to the liberal elements in pre-Revolution French society, and it has issued in Modernism.” Conclusion #2: ● He held the heretical error of liberalism. ● Thus became a heretic: “One who, having been baptized and professing Christianity, pertinaciously rejects or doubts any article of faith determined by the authority of the Catholic Church.” ● He later died an apostate in the external form: “Apostasy from the Faith (a fide) is the act by which a baptized person, after possessing the true Christian faith, totally rejects it.”

Reign John Paul I (1978-1978) In God's Name, Page 60: “Protecting and promoting the inviolable rights of man is the essential duty of every civil power. The civil power must therefore guarantee to every citizen, through just laws and through other suitable means, the effective protection of religious liberty.” The Syllabus of Errors, By: Pope Pius IX, Indifferentism & Latitudinarianism, Allucution “Maxima quidem” & Damnatio “Multiplices inter,” 9 June 1862 & 10 June 1851: “Every man is free to embrace and profess that religion which, guided by the light of reason, he shall consider true.” Conclusion #3: ● He held the heretical doctrine of indifferentism. ● Thus became a heretic: “One who, having been baptized and professing Christianity, pertinaciously rejects or doubts any article of faith determined by the authority of the Catholic Church.” ● He later died an apostate in the external form: “Apostasy from the Faith (a fide) is the act by which a baptized person, after possessing the true Christian faith, totally rejects it.”

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Reign of John Paul II (1978-2005) Sign of Contradiction, Page 16: “This God is professed in his silence by the Trappist or the Camaldolite. It is to him that the desert Bedouin turns at his hour for prayer. And perhaps the Buddhist too, wrapt in contemplation as he purifies his thought preparing the way for Nirvana.” The Syllabus of Errors, By: Pope Pius IX, Indifferentism & Latitudinarianism, Encyclical “Qui pluribus,” 9 November 1846: “Man may, in the observance of any religion whatever, find the way of eternal salvation, and arrive at eternal salvation.” Conclusion #4: ● He held the heretical doctrine of indifferentism. ● Thus became a heretic: “One who, having been baptized and professing Christianity, pertinaciously rejects or doubts any article of faith determined by the authority of the Catholic Church.” ● He later died an apostate in the external form: “Apostasy from the Faith (a fide) is the act by which a baptized person, after possessing the true Christian faith, totally rejects it.”

Reign of Benedict XVI (2005 - Present) Benedict XVI Speech at the White House, 15 April 2008: "In the next few days, I look forward to meeting not only with America's Catholic community, but with other Christian communities and representatives of the many religious traditions present in this country. Historically, not only Catholics, but all believers have found here the freedom to worship God in accordance with the dictates of their conscience, while at the same time being accepted as part of a commonwealth in which each individual and group can make its voice heard. As the nation faces the increasingly complex political and ethical issues of our time, I am confident that the American people will find in their religious beliefs a precious source of insight and an inspiration to pursue reasoned, responsible and respectful dialogue in the effort to build a more humane and free society." xvi The Syllabus of Errors, By: Pope Pius IX, Indifferentism & Latitudinarianism, Encyclical “Noscitis,” 8 December 1849: “Protestantism is nothing more than another form of the same true Christian religion, in which form it is given to please equally as in the Catholic Church.” The Syllabus of Errors, By: Pope Pius IX, Indifferentism & Latitudinarianism, Encyclical “Qui pluribus,” 9 November 1846: “Man may, in the observance of any religion whatever, find the way of eternal salvation, and arrive at eternal salvation.”

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Conclusion #5: ● He held the heretical doctrine of indifferentism. ● Thus became a heretic: “One who, having been baptized and professing Christianity, pertinaciously rejects or doubts any article of faith determined by the authority of the Catholic Church.” ● And became an apostate: “Apostasy from the Faith (a fide) is the act by which a baptized person, after possessing the true Christian faith, totally rejects it.”

Vacancy In The Papacy The death of the last pope, being Pope Pius XII in 1958. “Awake, O sword, against my shepherd and against the man that cleaveth to me, saith the Lord of hosts. Strike the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered. And I will turn my hand to the little ones.”xvii “Then Jesus saith to them: All you shall be scandalized in me this night. For it is written: I will strike the shepherd: and the sheep of the flock shall be dispersed.”xviii It is evident that the Church has been in an interregnum or “Sede Vacante.” A Catholic Dictionary, Sede Vacante, Page 456: “Lat. 'The See being vacant,' by the resignation, translation or death of its bishop.” It is evident that heretics do not belong in the Church nor do they belong guiding the Church. Firstly is because they reject the faith in which they once professed. Secondly by the definition of heretic they incur, “excommunication ipso facto, specially reserved to the Holy See in the internal forum.” Thirdly being excommunicated, “excludes a person from the communion of the faithful, with consequent disabilities and deprivations.” The papacy is one of those deprivations. It is like a follower of Islam being elected to the Papacy! What scandal! What foolishness! What blindness are those clerics and lay folk! I have proved to you with Catholic Theology, that there has been a gap of roughly thirty two years (1958-1990) until the next pope was elected, that Pope being Michael. Which as I discussed later on that it is necessary under the pain of anathema from the Council of Trent that Peter will have perpetual successors until the end of time. Therefore, Pope Michael, formerly David Bawden, sought to elect a Pope. Seeing that there were only eight that came to the election. After promoting for many months, especially with the book he had coauthored, Will the Catholic Church Survive the Twentieth Century?, David Bawden being the best papabile,xix the Catholics that were present proceeded to elect him as the pope. The question is really, where were you in 1990? What was so important in 1990 that you had to neglect a papal election? Why did you neglect your study and prayer? Were sports, video games, family outings, television, drinking, partying more important than your soul, more important to Jesus Christ and His Church? “And he spoke a similitude to them, saying: The land of a certain rich man brought forth plenty of fruits. And he thought within himself, saying: What shall I do, because I have no room where to bestow my fruits? And he said: This will I do: I will pull down my barns, and will build greater; and into them will I gather all things that are grown to me, and my goods. And I will say to my soul: Soul, thou hast much goods laid up for many years, take thy rest; eat, drink, make good cheer. But God said to him: Thou fool, this night do they require thy soul 15

of thee: and whose shall those things be which thou hast provided? So is he that layeth up treasure for himself, and is not rich towards God.” xx “But he that had received the one talent, came and said: Lord, I know that thou art a hard man; thou reapest where thou hast not sown, and gatherest where thou hast not strewed. And being afraid I went and hid thy talent in the earth. Behold here thou hast that which is thine. And his lord answering, said to him: Wicked and slothful servant, thou knewest that I reap where I sow not, and gather where I have not strewed. And the unprofitable servant cast ye out into the exterior darkness. There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.” xxi Encyclical “Unam Sanctam,” Pope Boniface VIII: “Furthermore, we declare, we proclaim, we define that it is absolutely necessary for salvation that every human creature be subject to the Roman Pontiff.” “He hath put down the mighty from their seat, and hath exalted the humble.” xxii Oh poor proud soul, you neglected to help elect a pope (I am talking to those who were of age to help and claim to be Catholics. For I was three years old at the time of the election), you were bounded under the pain of anathema as the Council of Trent declares to help with an election. You must now humble yourself in front of the pope to save your soul. And you dare to criticize such a valiant effort in hands of the little ones? You do not wish to save your soul? Then you will perish to Hell as the apostle says, “being condemned by his [your] own judgment.” “Thus saith the Lord: Stand ye on the ways, and see, and ask for the old paths, which is the good way, and walk ye in it: and you shall find refreshment for your souls. And they said: we will not walk.” xxiii If you do not wish to walk, that is fine, depart from us. We will dust the sand off our sandals and preach Christ crucified elsewhere, knowing that you do not seek Jesus Christ, His Church, and eternal life. “And if he will not hear them: tell the church, And if he will not hear the church: let him be to thee as the heathen and publican.”xxiv Remember oh proud soul, how Jesus Christ died for you. “And one of those robbers who were hanged blasphemed him, saying: If thou be Christ, save thyself and us. But the other answering, rebuked him, saying: Neither dost thou fear God, seeing thou art under the same condemnation? And we indeed justly: for we receive the due reward for our deeds. But this man hath done no evil.” xxv

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Necessity of a Papal Election Unanimous Teaching of the Fathers The Catechism Of The Council Of Trent, Page 102-104: “The Church has but one ruler and one governor, the invisible one, Christ, whom the eternal Father hath made head over all the Church, which is his body; the visible one, the Pope, who, as a legitimate successor of Peter, the Prince of the Apostles, fills the Apostolic Chair. It is the unanimous teaching of the Fathers that this visible head is necessary to establish and preserve unity in the Church. A visible Church requires a visible head; therefore the Saviour appointed Peter head and pastor of all the faithful, when He committed to his care the feeding of all His sheep, in such ample terms that He willed the very same power of ruling and governing the entire Church to descend to Peter's successors. Conclusion #1: ● It is absolutely necessary for the Church to have the legitimate successor of St. Peter ● A visible Church requires a visible head. ● Unanimous teaching of the Fathers that to establish and preserve unity is to have a visible head, who is the Vicar of Christ.

Teachings of the Vatican Council (1870) Dogmatic Canons And Decrees, Perpetuity of the Primacy of Blessed Peter in the Roman Pontiffs, Page 245-246: “If, then, anyone shall say that it is not by the institution of Christ the Lord, or by divine right, that the blessed Peter has a perpetual line of successors in the primacy over the universal Church, or that the Roman Pontiff is not the successor of the blessed Peter in this primacy, let him be anathema.” Conclusion #2: ● The Church will always have legitimate successors to St. Peter ● The Roman Pontiff is the successor of St. Peter ● Those who refuse to believe or submit to such teachings are anathematized Dogmatic Canons And Decrees, Institution of the Apostolic Primacy in Blessed Peter, Page 243: “If anyone, therefore, shall say that Blessed Peter the Apostle was not appointed the Prince of the Apostles and the visible head of the whole Church Militant, or that the same directly and immediately received from the same our Lord Jesus Christ a primacy of honour only, and not of true and proper jurisdiction; let him be anathema.” Conclusion #3: ● St. Peter was appointed Prince of the Apostles. ● St. Peter was appointed as a visible head for the Church ● St. Peter was appointed by Jesus Christ Himself 17

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St. Peter holds proper jurisdiction St. Peter's successor holds such dignities and abilities Those who refuse to believe or submit to such teachings are anathematized Dogmatic Canons And Decrees, Power and Nature of the Primacy of the Roman Pontiff, Page 250: “If then any shall say that the Roman pontiff has the office merely of inspection or direction, and not full and supreme power of jurisdiction over the universal Church, not only in things which belong to faith and morals, but also in those things which relate to the discipline and government of the Church spread throughout the world; or assert that he possesses merely the principal part, and not all the fullness of this supreme power; or that this power which he enjoys is not ordinary and immediate, both over each and all the Churches and over each and all the pastors of the faithful; let him be anathema.”

Conclusion #4: ● St. Peter holds the office of inspection and direction ● St. Peter holds the office of supreme power of jurisdiction over the whole Church ● St. Peter holds the office of jurisdiction about faith and morals ● St. Peter holds the office of discipline and government ● St. Peter has this power over all clerics and faithful ● St. Peter's legitimate successor too has such abilities ● Those who refuse to believe or submit to such teachings are anathematized Dogmatic Canons And Decrees, From the Acts of the Fourteenth General Council (Second Council of Lyons) A.D.1274., Infallible Teaching of the Roman Pontiff, Page 252: “And, with the approval of the Second Council of Lyons, the Greeks professed that: the holy Roman Church enjoys supreme and full primacy and princedom over the whole Catholic Church, which it truly and humbly acknowledges that it has received with the plenitude of power from our Lord Himself in the person of Blessed Peter, Prince and head of the Apostles, whose successor the Roman pontiff is; and as the Apostolic see is bound before all others to defined the truth of faith, so also, if any questions regarding faith shall arise, they must be defined by its judgment.” Conclusion #5: ● That St. Peter is the head of the Church ● That St. Peter enjoys supreme power and jurisdiction over the Church ● That St. Peter was the successor of Jesus Christ Himself. ● Although this is not the Church, but the schismatic Greeks are professing that “any questions regarding faith shall arise, they must be defined by its judgment.” Dogmatic Canons And Decrees, Infallible Teaching of the Roman Pontiff, Page 256-257:“Therefore, faithfully adhering to the tradition received from the beginning of the Christian faith, for the glory of God our Saviour, the exaltation of the Catholic religion, and the salvation of Christian people, with the approval of the sacred council, We teach and define that it is a 18

dogma divinely revealed: that the Roman Pontiff, when he speaks ex cathedra, that is, when, in discharge of the office of pastor and teacher of all Christians, by virtue of his supreme Apostolic authority, he defines a doctrine regarding faith or morals to be held by the universal Church, is, by the divine assistance promised to him in Blessed Peter, possessed of that infallibility with which the divine Redeemer willed that His Church should be endowed in defining doctrine regarding faith or morals; and that, therefore, such definitions of the Roman pontiff are of themselves, and not from the consent of the Church, irreformable. But if anyone-which may God avert! - presume to contradict this our definition, let him be anathema. Conclusion #6: ● When speaking ex cathedra, that is “in discharge of the office of pastor and teacher of all Christians” he possesses “that infallibility with which the divine Redeemer willed that His Church should be endowed in defining doctrine regarding faith or morals.” ● Those definitions become irreformable. ● Those who refuse to believe or submit to such teachings are anathematized In the words used by Pope Nicholas I, and in the Synod of Quedlinburg, A.D. 1085, “It is allowed to none to revise its judgment, and to sit in judgment upon what it has judged.” xxvi

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Final Conclusion Pope Michael, formerly David Bawden, was elected to the papacy on 16th of July 1990. It is not quantity that matters if you are elected to the papacy, but quality. Are you Catholic? That is the question! If you claim to answered yes, you must prove it. What is Liberalism?, Page 153: “Yes, the faithful are permitted and even commanded to give a reason for their faith, to draw out its consequences, to make applications of it, to deduce parallels and analogies from it. It is thus by use of their reason that the faithful are enabled to suspect the measure the orthodoxy of any new doctrine presented to them, by comparing it with a doctrine already defined. If it be not in accord, they can combat it as bad, and justly stigmatize as bad the book or journal which sustains it. They cannot of course define it ex cathedra, but they can lawfully hold it as perverse and declare it such, warn others against it, raise the cry of alarm and strike the first blow against it. The faithful layman can do all this, and has done it at all times with the applause of the Church. Nor in so doing does he make himself the pastor of the flock nor even its humblest attendant; he simply serves it as a watch dog who gives the alarm. Opportet allatrare canes- 'It behooves watchdogs to bark,' very opportunely said a great Spanish Bishop in reference to such occasions.” Just as the profession of faith says: “I likewise undoubtingly receive and profess all other things delivered, defined and declared by the Sacred Canons and General Councils, and particularly by the Holy Council of Trent; and I condemn, reject and anathematize all things contrary thereto, and all heresies which the Church has condemned rejected and anathematized.” By adhering to heresy you depart from the stance of Catholicity by rejecting a dogma you once held. Just as Holy Scripture attests: “A man that is a heretic, after the first and second admonition, avoid: Knowing that he that is such and one is subverted and sinneth, being condemned by his own judgment.” xxvii To totally reject the Catholic faith is to become an apostate: “Apostasy from the Faith (a fide) is the act by which a baptized person, after possessing the true Christian faith, totally rejects it.” It is through your own act of denial of a dogma of the faith which lead to your heretical beliefs, and possibly to your apostasy. It is by your act alone, and as Holy Scripture attests you are “condemned by his [your] own judgment.” The Pope, the bishops, the priests, do not have to make a formal statement or letter and send it to your place of dwelling, stating that you are excommunicated from the Church. “Heresy consists in the formal denial or doubt by a baptized person of any revealed truth of the Catholic Faith.” It is from that moment, on which you doubt or deny a dogma of the Christian Faith, is when you departed. If at the time you choose to depart from it forever, you then by definition apostatize from the Christian faith. Therefore these following men adhered to heresy in the internal forum by showing it through the external form, meaning publicly through books or speeches, before their election to the papacy. By adhering to such a doctrine they were “condemned by his [their] own judgment.” Their heretical beliefs lead to their final apostasy from God, the Christian Religion, and the separation from the communion of the faithful. Excommunication being defined as: “An ecclesiastical censure which excludes a person from the communion of the faithful, with consequent disabilities and deprivations.”

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Antipope John XXIII-II (1958-1963) Antipope Paul VI (1963-1978) Antipope John Paul I (1978-1978) Antipope John Paul II (1978-2005) Current Antipope Benedict XVI (2005-Present)

As shown above those men departed from the Christian Religion, and from the Church, the One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church which Jesus Christ founded. Therefore seeing that there was a vacancy of the papacy, His Holiness Pope Michael, formerly David Bawden, saw that a Papal Election was mandatory under the pain of anathema from the Church, as stated in one of the Vatican Council canons: “If, then, anyone shall say that it is not by the institution of Christ the Lord, or by divine right, that the blessed Peter has a perpetual line of successors in the primacy over the universal Church, or that the Roman Pontiff is not the successor of the blessed Peter in this primacy, let him be anathema.” Apologetics For His Holiness Pope Michael, Objection #1, Page 1: “Can not a person refuse to act either out of malice or out of ignorance? For example, can the clerics out of malice and hatred to the Church, refuse to elect another pope? Yes, that is what the gift of free will is. They can choose to do evil or to do good. Can not a person out of ignorance, not willful ignorance (willful ignorance is a grave evil), not elect a pope because they do not know the current situation? Theoretically speaking, they (those clergy that are ignorant of the situation) are considered "dead." Because their ignorance does not allow them to act as they ought. In addition, their ignorance stops them in their tracks. The clergy has a few options once their ignorance is cleared. (1) Stay in their malice and refuse to help. (2) If the papacy is vacant, fill the vacancy. (3) If the papacy is filled with its proper head, help restore the Church, under the guidance of the Pope. There are only two ultimate ends that the clergy (and laity for that matter) can head toward. Either they revert to option 1 or follow option 3. Purgatory is not an ultimate end, for it is a state of purgation of sins. Eventually the souls, after satisfying Divine Justice for their sins, will be brought to Heaven to enjoy eternal bliss. So too is ignorance not an ultimate end. For it is a state in which a soul can neither be obedient to the Church or be disobedient. Souls that are in ignorance are like the poor souls in purgatory, suffering dearly for their blindness and absence of the Vision of God. The ignorant souls who are suffering in darkness, are waiting for someone, anyone for that matter, to give them the Vision of Truth, which is the only way and cure from darkness and blindness. As I stated earlier: “Because their ignorance does not allow them to act as they ought.” Just like there are truly only two ultimate ends in this life, that is Hell or Heaven. Those who are disobedient to the Church and her Master, will perish under His Justice. Those who are faithful are rewarded for their sacrifices by His Divine Mercy, if they have completed their mission from God. “Not every one that saith to me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven: but he that doth the will of my Father who is in heaven, he shall enter into the kingdom of heaven.”xxviii Which from eternity was their vocation given to them by God. “For this is the will of God, your sanctification.” xxix Therefore, it can devolve down to the laity, because they, the clergy, failed to act,xxx either out of malice or 21

out of ignorance.” We have to fight & suffer as the apostle states, “For unto this are you called: because Christ also suffered for us, leaving you an example that you should follow his steps.”xxxi That is what a Christian is. To follow Jesus Christ to Calvary, to suffer for His sake. For He had suffered for us. The Blessed Virgin Mary suffered also very dearly for us. Her “own soul a sword shall pierce.”xxxii You call yourself Christian? Where then is the cross that you are suppose to carry? Where was your help in 1990? Why do you refuse to help Jesus Christ and His Church? Why do you hesitate? Did He hesitate to die for you? Should you hesitate to die for Him, for His honor, for His glory, for His Church? “If the Word is to be defended, we are ready. This is the whole spirit of chivalry.”xxxiii Sin and its Consequences, Henry Edward Manning Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster, Page 107: “There can only be a moral limit, and a moral limit there is; but what is it? I said before: 'All sin and all blasphemy shall be forgiven unto men, save only the blasphemy of the Holy Ghost; that shall never be forgiven in this world or in the world to come.' (Matthew 12:31-32). But what is this blasphemy of the Holy Ghost? It is the resistance to the known truth. It is the refusal of the grace of penance. It is the outrage done to the Absolver Himself, the Giver of Life; and that by the impenitence of the sinner. The one only sin which is beyond the reach of absolution, the one only sin which the Precious Blood cannot absolve, is the sin that is not repented of; that is the sole and only sin that shall not be washed as white as snow.” Fear then poor soul only of two things: 1. The resistance to the known truth. ● Let us first look at our first fear, the resistance of the known truth. The truth is that there have been a line of antipopes from John XXIII-II to Benedict XVI. They are not Catholic, for they contradict the Catholic Faith itself, as I have proven to you. If you have any problems with the quotes look at the works cited page compare them yourselves. The other truth is that the Pope elected is Michael. And he is currently head of the One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church outside of which none are saved. Outside the Ark of the Church, all will perish, just as those did perish outside the Ark of Noah. “For, as in the days before the flood they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, even till that day in which Noe entered into the ark: And they knew not till the flood came and took them all away.” xxxiv He currently resides outside of Topeka, Kansas. To say otherwise obstinately, that Pope Michael is not the pope, is resisting the known truth. And thus the blasphemy of the Holy Ghost. 2. The refusal of the grace of penance. ● This second part may indeed affect the first point, since those in mortal sin are dead to grace. Without sanctifying grace you cannot understand. Just like a dead man does not benefit from food prepared on a table so it is too useless to talk about spiritual things to those who are in mortal sin. You must determined to leave the life of sin, that you have been living up until now. Tell God right now that you will forever walk away from sin. True, you will fall into sin time to time from frailty. Those are called faults. We can avoid all mortal sins. We must too fight against 22

deliberate venial sin. But however, as theologians teach we cannot eliminate all sin, because we can fall into indeliberate venial sin. These faults are difficult to avoid and need a great purity of heart. Just like falling on a dirt road, you must pick yourself up and dust yourself off from the dirt and continue on as if it never happened. By falling into sin, that is the dirt, you need to pick yourself up, act of contrition (preferably a perfect act of contrition) and continue on striving toward your last end, which is God. To continue a life of sin all the way until your very last moments of your life is blasphemy of the Holy Ghost, by impenitence of the sinner. If you refuse to amend your life by refusing to receive the grace of penance what is a greater folly then that? As the Cardinal above writes, “the sin that is not repented of; that is the sole and only sin that shall not be washed as white as snow.”

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Closing Points 1. God hates all falsehood “Lying lips are an abomination to the Lord.”xxxv 2. God being absolute truth itself. 3. Therefore He must have a Church that must resemble Him: Containing 100% truth. 4. Truth leads to God. 5. Those that adhered to all truth, embrace the Catholic Faith. 6. One must hold this doctrine 100% if one wishes to be saved. 7. Falsehood leads to Satan. 8. Those to adhere to any percentage of falsehood embraces a totally false doctrine. 9. Those who embrace a false doctrine lead themselves to Hell. 10. God established a Church: One, Holy, Catholic, Apostolic 11. This Church has a legitimate head, being the legitimate successor of St. Peter. 12. A illegitimate successor is an antipope. 13. An antipope is, “One claiming to be pope.” 14. John XXIII-II is an antipope. 15. Paul VI is an antipope. 16. John Paul I is an antipope. 17. John Paul II is an antipope. 18. Benedict XVI is an antipope. 19. Therefore the papacy being vacant on 16 of July 1990. 20.Under the pain of anathema, Catholics are to establish the head of Peter. 21. On 16 of July 1990, the One, Holy, Catholic, Apostolic Church established its head 22. The legitimate successor of St. Peter is Pope Michael. 23. The papacy was vacant for 32 years (1958-1990). 24. The resistance to the known truth is blasphemy of the Holy Ghost. 25. For those who resist in researching the claims of Pope Michael resist in knowing the truth. Therefore are liable to blasphemy of the Holy Ghost. 26. One reason for not being able to acknowledge the truth is the refusal of the grace of penance, another blasphemy of the Holy Ghost. 27. The impenitence of the sinner leads to the refusal of the grace of penance. 28.Those who are in mortal sin do not have the grace of understanding. 29. Just as it is useless to feed a dead man food, so it is too useless to talk about spiritual things to those who are in mortal sin. 30.Changing one's life to model Jesus Christ and the Blessed Virgin Mary is a solution. 31. Praying always is necessary to avoid sin for Jesus Christ commanded it. “Watch ye, therefore, praying at all times, that you may be accounted worthy to escape all these things that are to come, and to stand before the Son of man.” xxxvi 32. Those who do not pray easily fall into sin and those who continually do not pray are leading a life of impenitence, therefore are liable to blasphemy of the Holy Ghost. “And he said to them: why sleep you? Arise: pray: lest you enter into temptation.” xxxvii

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Works Cited The Sources of Catholic Dogma By: Henry Denzinger Translated by Roy J. Deferrari Nihil Obstat: Dominic Hughes, O.P. Censor Deputatus Imprimatur: Patrick A. O'Obolye Archbishop of Washington April 25 1955 A Catholic Dictionary Edited by Donald Attwater Nihil Obstat: Georgius D. Smith S.T.D. PH.D., Censor Deputatus Nihil Obstat: Hubertus Richards, S.T.L., L.S.S., Censor Deputatus Imprimiatur: E. Morrogh Bernard, Vicar General Westmonasterii die 10 Maii, 1946 Imprimiatur: Georgius L. Craven, Epus. Sebastopolis, Vic. Cap. Westmonasterii die 30 Januarri 1957 Dogmatic Canons And Decrees (Of The Council of Trent and Vatican Council I Plus The Decree on The Immaculate Conception and Syllabus of Errors of Pope Pius IX) NIHIL OBSTAT: Remiguis Lafort, D.D. Censor IMPRIMATUR: +John Cardinal Farley Archbishop of New York June 22, 1912 Copyright 1912 by the Devin-Adair Company. What is Liberalism? Dr. Don felix Sarda Y Calvany Translated and Adapted For American Readership by Conde B. Fallen, Ph.D., LL.D. Nihil Obstat: F. G. Holweck Censor Librorum St. Louis, June 26th, 1899 Imprimatur: John J. Jain Archbishop of St. Louis St. Louis, Missouri June 30, 1899 Copyright © 1899 By B. Herder Book Co. Sin And Its Consequences By: His Eminence Henry Edward Manning Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster The Roman Catechism:The Catechism Of The Council Of Trent (Ordered By The Council Of Trent Edited Under St. Charles Borromeo Published By Decree Of Pope St. Pius V) Translated Into English With Notes By: John A. McHugh, O.P., S.T.M., Litt.D. Charles J. Callan, O.P., S.T.M., Litt.D. NIHIL OBSTAT: V.F. O'Daniel, O.P., S.T.M. T. M. Schwertner, O.P., S.T. LR. IMPRIMI POTEST: J.R. Meagher, O.P., S. T. LR. Provincialis NIHIL OBSTAT: A. J. Scanlan. S. T. D. Censor Librorum IMPRIMATUR: Patritius J. Hayes, Achiepiscopus Neo-EboracensisNeo-Eboraci, Die 3 Januarii, 1923

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Chivalry By: Leon Gautier

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i St. Matthew 16:15-19 ii Matthew 18:15-17 iii Luke 22:31-32 iv Apocalypse 12:7-10 v Luke 12:8-9 vi Prov. 12:22 vii John 8:44 viii Tob. 4:14 ix Luke 10:18 x 1 Tim 3:15 xi John 17:17 xii The Catechism Of The Council Of Trent, Page 102-104 xiii Matthew 18:15-17 xiv A Catholic Dictionary, Papabile, Page 366: “An Italian colloquial noun and adjective for one who, during a vacancy of the Holy See, is popularly fancied for the papacy or considered eminently fitted therefore.” xv Ecclus 10:21 xvi These are five different web sources that prove what Antipope Benedict XVI spoke on 15 April 2008. http://wcbstv.com/papalvisit/pope.benedict.speech.2.701076.html http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2008/04/20080416.html http://uvcarmel.wordpress.com/2008/04/16/pope-benedict-xvis-speech-at-the-white-house/ http://www.wjla.com/news/stories/0408/511885.html http://www.osv.com/PapalVisitNav/NewsfromNewYorkWashington/TextofPopeBenedictsWhiteHouseLawnSpeech/t abid/5875/Default.aspx xvii Zacharias 13:7 xviii Matthew 26:31 (Catholic Commentary: Scandalized in me. Forasmuch as my being apprehended shall make you all run away and forsake me.) xix A Catholic Dictionary, Papabile, Page 366: “An Italian colloquial noun and adjective for one who, during a vacancy of the Holy See, is popularly fancied for the papacy or considered eminently fitted therefore.” xx Luke 12:16-21 xxi Matthew 25:24-26,30 xxii Luke 1:52 xxiii Jeremias 6:16 xxiv Matthew 18:15-17 xxv St Luke 23:39-41 xxvi Dogmatic Canons And Decrees, Infallible Teaching of the Roman Pontiff, Page 256 xxvii Titus 3:10-11 xxviii Matthew 7:21 xxix 1 Thessalonians 4:3 xxx A Catholic Dictionary, Devolution, Page 146: When a patron has failed to exercise, or has exercised improperly, his right of presentation to a benefice, the right is transferred, for that occasion only. xxxi 1 Peter 2:19-21 xxxii Luke 2:35 xxxiii Leon Gautier Chivalry xxxiv Matthew 24: 38-39 xxxv Prov. 12:22 xxxvi Luke 21:36 xxxvii Luke 22:46