The Past Perfect.docx

The past perfect ** Use: The Past Perfect expresses an action that happened before another action in the past. can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.

** Form: [had + past participle] Examples: 1. Nick had studied German before he moved to Germany. 2. It had already stopped raining when I bought an umbrella. 3. As soon as she had got married, she regretted it.

** Key words:

Past simple

Because After As soon as Until Already

Past perfect

Examples: 1. I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet. 2. He got an answer, after he had sent an email. 3. I didn’t say anything until she had finished talking.

Past perfect

When Before By the time

Past simple

Examples: 1. I had saved my document before the power went out in the computer lab. 2. The bus had left by the time we got to the bus stop. 3. The film had started When I arrived at the cinema.

** Correct these verbs: 1. Olivia had lived in China before she (go) to Thailand. ………………………………………………………..…………….… 2. After they (eat) the shellfish, they began to feel sick. …………………………………………………………………..……

3. Julie didn’t arrive until I (leave). ………………………………………………………………….……. 4. The garden (be) dead because it had been dry all summer. ………………………………………………………………….……. 5. We were late for the plane because we (forget) our passports. ………………………………………………………………….……. 6. I (not/have) breakfast when he arrived. ………………………………………………………………….…….. 7. He (feed) the cat because no-one had fed it for days. ………………………………………………………………….…….. 8. Jenny had just got home when the phone (ring). ………………………………………………………………….…….. 9. The teacher (explain) the assignment by the time I arrived at the class. ………………………………………………………………………… 10. Our camping trip (end) before the rain began. ………………………………………………………………………... 11. After the film (finish), I went to sleep. ………………………………………………………………………... 12. The boy sneaked out of the classroom as soon as the teachers (leave). ………………………………………………………………………. 13. After they had done the shopping, they (go) home. ………………………………………………………………………. 14. When I (get) to the bank, it had closed. ………………………………………………………………………. 15. My family had moved to the Canada by the time I (be) ten years old. ………………………………………………………………………. 16. The lights went off because we (not/pay) the electricity bill. ………………………………………………………………………..

** The answers: 1. went. 2. had eaten. 3. had lived. 4. was. 5. had forgotten. 6. hadn't had. 7. fed. 8. rang. 9. had explained. 10. had ended. 11. had finished. 12. had left.

13. went. 14. got. 15. was. 16. hadn't paid.