3rd Declension #2 i-stems the i‐stem is a subset of the 3rd declension: they occur in all three genders in masculine and feminine i‐stems there is only one difference in the endings: in neuter i‐stems there are four. o The chart below shows how they compare with regular 3rd decl. Regular i‐stem i‐stem Regular (n) i‐stem rex (m) navis, ‐is (f) nubes, ‐is (f) corpus (n) mare, is (n) king ship cloud body sea Base: reg‐ nav‐ nub‐ corpor‐ mar‐ -
Nom. rex (reg+s) navis nubes corpus mare Gen. reg‐is navis nubis corporis maris Dat. reg‐i navi nubi corpori mari Acc. reg‐em navem nubem corpus mare Abl. reg‐e nave nube corpore mari Nom. reg‐es naves nubes corpora maria Gen. reg‐um navium nubium corporum marium Dat. reg‐ibus navibus nubibus corporibus maribus Acc. reg‐es naves nubes corpora maria Abl. reg‐ibus navibus nubibus corporibus maribus How do you know which nouns are an i‐stem? There are some general rules. Masculine/Feminine: I. Words which are parasyllabic (words with 2 syllables) in the nominative and genitive singluar which do the following: 1) which repeat each other (ex. fortis, fortis; navis, navis; civis, civis) are i‐ stems (NOTE: canis, canis and iuvenis, iuvenis are exceptions) 2) the nominative singular ends in “es” and the genitive is “is” (ex. nubes, nubis) 3) There are four in which the nominative singular end in “er” and te genitive is “is” (ex. imber, imbris; linter, lintris: uter, utris; and venter, ventris) II. Masculine and (chiefly) feminine words with a nominative sinugular ending in either “s” or “x” whose base ends in two consonants. (ex. urbs, urbi; dens, dentis; arx, arcis: nox, noctis)
3rd Declension #2 i-stems Neuter: 1. Words in which the nominative singular is “e” and the genitive is “is.” (ex. mare, maris; sedile, sedilis) 2. Words in which the nominative singular is “al” and the genitive is “alis.” (ex. animal, animalis; capital, capitalis) 3. Words in which the nominative singular is “ar” and the genitive is “aris.” (ex. exemplar, exemplaris; lucar, lucaris)