Telugu Module 2 Layout

4

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ â◊|=Ì ∂Å

4

Telugu Vocabulary

Telugu Learning Kit Module 2

The Alpha Foundation Hyderabad, India

1

4

4

C P Brown Academy

4

4

Telugu Learning Kit Vocabulary, Module-2 Transliterator: G Ramesh Babu Managing Editor: GRK Murty Consulting Editor: SS Prabhakar Rao Editorial Support: Y Anand, C Rama Devi T Rajendra Prasad Chief Visualizer: A Bangaru Babu Visualizer: S Ganesh Cover Design & Illustrations: B Anjaneyulu @ 2008 C.P. Brown Academy. All Rights Reserved.

Although every care has been taken to avoid errors and omissions, this publication is being sold on the condition and understanding that the information given in this book is merely for reference and must not be taken as having authority of or binding in any way on the authors, editor, publisher or sellers. Neither this book nor any part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming and recording or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the copyright holder. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Only the publishers can export this book from India. Infringement of this condition of sale will lead to civil and criminal prosecution. First Edition: 2008 Printed in India Published by

C P Brown Academy The Alpha Foundation 8, Dwarakapuri Colony, Punjagutta Hyderabad - 500 082, India. Website: www.alphacharities.org Printed at: M/s. ICIT Software Centre Private Ltd. 1, Technocrat Industrial Estate Balanagar Cross Roads Hyderabad-500 037, India.

4

4 2

4

4

Preface

Language, in a sense, is “man’s culminating cultural instrument.” It is a social institution. It is an expression of human spirit. Every language has its own set of vocabulary. And every word has its own sound. Indeed, words are more than sounds– - in the listener. For poets, words are vennelalo- -adukone- andamaina they emote bhava adapillalu – “beauteous belles playing about under the moonlight.”

.

.

Words are the accepted vehicles of new things, new ideas, new attitudes, or new points of view. Every practitioner of a language must acquire a fair understanding of words. No matter even if it is one’s mother-tongue, one can enjoy it more, only if he or she could see it from the inside – looking at the words with a feeling for them. This becomes feasible only when one knows what the symbol, the sound, the word stands for. And that is what this module aims at. It enables you to master the Telugu words through Roman script – all by yourself. This module launches you on the path of reading and writing Telugu words. It starts with two-lettered words graduating into multi-lettered words. This module is aimed at helping you learn to read Telugu words with an artist’s eye. It is hoped that by going through the module you would cultivate a better appreciation for your language. This shall make words look more than mere sounds. Once you cultivate this art of looking at words from inside, they no longer remain as mere denotations of emotions. They will rather ‘voice’ emotions. It is only then that the language becomes yours. It then simply becomes innate. Talking in Telugu then becomes a jingling of the “beauteous belles.” Once the taste is cultivated for your language – the sound and the feelings that the words emote – you are sure to be swayed by a newfound urge to learn more complex words and start conversation in Telugu – all with ease. If this happens, we shall feel that this initiative of C P Brown Academy has achieved its objective. Nonetheless, a book, just as a good teacher, can at best, direct, aid and encourage a learner but it is his or her effort that alone can make learning happen. We solicit feedback from the readers for making the module more learner-friendly.

4

GRK Murty

4 3

4

Transliteration Scheme of Telugu Alphabet

4

Vowels (JK«∞ÛÅ∞: Acculu)

J

P

W

D

L

T

a

–

i

i

u

u

|∞∞

*

Z

U

.lu

–

.lu

e

e–

X

F

B

JO

*

o

–

au

am.

ah.

.ru

–

ru .

S ai

*

*

|∞∂

o

Consonants (ǨÏÅ∞¡Å∞

4

–

:

Jó

Hallulu)

V V.

Hõ

Y

QÆ

Ѷ¨∞

k

kh

g

gh

K«

Kè«

[

~°≠

c

ch

j

jh

& ~

@

~î°

_»

_è»

}

t.

t.h

d.

dh .

n.

`«

^äŒ

^Œ

^èŒ

#

t

th

d

dh

n

Ѩ

Ѷ¨

|

Éèí

=∞

p

ph

b

bh

m

Ü«∞

~°

Å

à◊

=

y

r

l

l.

v

n n

â◊

+¨

ã¨

ǨÏ

Hõ∆

s´

s.

s

h

ksh

* Not in common use.

4

é r.

4

a

–

4

Sachitra Aksharamala

4

ã¨z`„ « JHõ~∆ = ° ∂Å Alphabet with Illustrations a

J

amma

J=∞‡ mother a

P

avu

P=Ù

cow

W

4

illu

WÅ∞¡

4

i

house 5

4D i

4

-iga

DQÆ

fly u

.

L

uduta

.

L_»∞`«

squirrel u

T

-uyala

TÜ«∞Å cradle

ru

|∞∞ 4

rusi . .

|∞∞+≤

4

.

sage 6

4Z e

4

eluka

ZÅ∞Hõ rat

e

U

enugu

U#∞QÆ∞

elephant ai

S

aidu

S^ΰ five

X 4

onte .

XO>ˇ

4

o

camel 7

4F o

4

oda .

F_» ship

au

B

ausadhamu .

B+¨^èŒ=Ú medicine

am

.

JO

ambaramu

JO|~°=Ú sky

.

Jó 4

duhkhamu .

^Œ∞óY=Ú grief

8

4

ah

4Hõ ka

4

kanki

HõOH˜ spike

kha

Y

khadgamu .

Y_»æ=Ú sword

ga

QÆ

gampa

QÆOѨ basket

Ѷ¨∞ 4

ghatamu .

Ѷ¨∞@=Ú vessel

9

4

gha

4.V n

4

vanmayamu .

"åV‡Ü«∞=Ú literature

ca

K«

cali

K«e chill

cha

Kè«

chatramu

Kè«„`«=Ú umbrella ja

jada .

[_»

4

[ 4

plait

10

4~°≠ jha

4

jhasamu .

~°≠+¨=Ú fish

~

n

&

~

yajnamu

Ü«∞[˝=Ú ritual ta

.

@

tapa .

@áê post tha

~î° 4

kanthamu .

HõO~î°=Ú throat 11

4

.

4._» da

4

dabba .

_»Éσ box

dha

.

_è»

dhanka .

_è»OHÍ

drum n

.

}

vina .

g}

musical instrument

`« 4

tala

`«Å

4

ta

head

12

4^äŒ tha

4

rathamu

~°^äŒ=Ú chariot

da

^Œ

danda .

^ŒO_» garland

dha

^èŒ

dhanussu

^èŒ#∞ã¨∞û bow na

natta

#`«Î 4

# 4

snail 13

4Ѩ pa

4

palaka

ѨÅHõ slate

pha

Ѷ¨

phalamu

Ѷ¨Å=Ú fruit ba

|

bandi .

|O_ç cart

Éèí 4

bhatudu . .

Éèí@∞_»∞ 4

bha

soldier 14

4=∞ ma

4

manta .

=∞O@ flame

ya

Ü«∞

yantramu

Ü«∞O„`«=Ú machine ra

~°

ratnamu

~°`«fl=Ú

gem

Å 4

lata

Å`«

4

la

creeper

15

4. à◊ la

4

talamu .

`åà◊=Ú lock

va

=

vala

=Å net

´ sa

â◊°

´ sankhamu

â◊OY=Ú conch

.

+¨ 4

mesamu .

"Õ∞+¨=Ú goat

16

4

sa

4㨠sa

4

sanci

ã¨Oz bag

ha

ǨÏ

hamsa

ǨÏO㨠swan ksh

Hõ∆

vrukshamu .

=$Hõ∆=Ú tree

.

é 4

rampamu .

éOѨ=Ú saw 17

4

ra

Ѩ^=Œ ÚŠѨiK«Ü∞« =Ú

- Introduction to Words

ala

ara

wave

shelf

adavi .

anasa

J_»q

J<åã¨

forest

pine apple

arati.

alasata .

anumati

plantain

tiresome

permission

JÅ

J~°

JÅã¨@ J#∞=∞u

J~°\˜

akulu

a t.a

aru

P@

P~°∞

P‰õΩÅ∞

game

six

leaves

akali

a s´ a

hunger

desire

- -´ akasamu

alayamu

PHõe

Pâ◊

PÅÜ« ∞ =Ú PHÍâ◊ = Ú 4 sky

4

temple

18

4

4

Padamula Paricayamu -

4

4 ila

inti

earth

lady

isuka

inumu

Wã¨∞Hõ

W#∞=Ú

sand

iron

ituka .

itivala .

ivatala

brick

recently

this side

WOu

WÅ

W\©=Å W=`«Å

W@∞Hõ

ita

ikalu

D`«

DHõÅ∞

swim

feathers

- i n a d. u

-´ i s u d. u

today

God ´Siva

itacettu ..

- ilapata .

ite .

D>ˇ spear

D<å_»∞ Dâ◊√_»∞ D`«K≥@∞ì DÅáê@ toddy tree

whistling

4

4

19

4

4 ukku

uli

Le

L‰õΩ¯

chistle

steel

urumu

ulavalu

L~°∞=Ú

LÅ=Å∞

thunder

horsegram

utuku

L`ǰ䛽

udayamu

L^ŒÜ«∞=Ú

wash

morning

u- r u

T~°∞

u d. a l u

u t.a

T_»Å∞

T@

village

spring

upiri

uha

TÑ≤i

TǨÏ

breath

guess

uragaya

u r a d. i m p u

ariel roots

T~°QÍÜ«∞ T~°_çOѨ٠pickle

consolation

4

4

20

4

4 .rusi.

rukku .

sage

mantra

.rujuvu

.rutuvu

proof

season

|∞∞+≤

|∞∞‰õΩ¯

|∞∞A=Ù |∞∞`«∞=Ù

.rusabhamu .

.runamu .

bull

debt

|∞∞}=Ú

|∞∞+¨Éèí=Ú

emuka

era

eguru

Z~°

ZQÆ∞~°∞

Z=ÚHõ

bait

fly

bone

edari .

erupu

Z_®i

Z~°∞ѨÙ

desert

red

egumati

ekaramu

ZQÆ∞=∞u ZHõ~°=Ú export

acre of land

21

4

4

4

eru

enugu

U~°∞

U#∞QÆ∞

river

elephant

elika

eruta .

UeHõ

U~°∞@

ruler

picking up

4

elakulu

edu .

etavalu .

U_»∞

U@"åÅ∞ UʼnõΩÅ∞

seven

slant

aite

- aidu rupayalu

aikyata

S`Õ

SHõº`«

but

unity

cardamom

S^Œ∞ ~°∂áêÜ«∞Å∞ five rupees

a i s´ w a r y a m u

Sâ◊fi~°º=Ú

wealth aihikamu

airavatamu

SÇ≤ÏHõ=Ú S~å=`«=Ú worldliness

white elephant

4

4

22

4

4 onte .

odi .

camel

lap

odugu

okadu .

XO>ˇ

X_ç

XHõ_»∞

X^Œ∞QÆ∞

one man

adjust ontarivadu . .

oripidi .

XHõ\˜

XO@i"å_»∞ XiÑ≤_ç

one

lonely person

friction

okati.

F@q∞

FѨÙ

defeat

bear

opika

o s. a d h i

FÑ≤Hõ

o- t.u

opu

F@∞

vote

F+¨kè

patience

medicine

o d. a r e v u

onamalu

harbour

alphabet

4F_»ˆ~=Ù F#=∂Å∞ 23

4

o t.a m i

4

aunu

aura

B#∞

B~å

yes

is it

4

aucityamu

Bz`«º=Ú aptness audaryamu

autu .

B^•~°º=Ú

B@∞

magnanimity

bomb anta

ancu

andamu

JO`å

JO^Œ=Ú

whole

beauty

antamu

ankitamu

JOK«∞ border

JO`«=Ú JOH˜`«=Ú end

dedication ambujamu lotus

4

4

JO|∞[=Ú 24

4

antahsatruvu .´

4

JO`«óâ◊„`«∞=Ù internal enemy

antahkaranamu . .

JO`«óHõ~°}=Ú inner activity

antahkonamu . .

antahpuramu .

JO`«óHÀ}=Ú

JO`«óѨÙ~°=Ú

inner angle

inner chamber

kanda

kalamu

HõO^Œ

HõÅ=Ú

yam

pen

kadali .

k a d. u p u

sea

stomach

kanakamu

kavalalu

Hõ # Hõ = Ú 4 gold

Hõ_»=

pot

Hõ_»∞Ѩ٠Hõ=ÅÅ∞

twins

4

Hõ_»e

k a d. a v a

25

4

kharidu

kharamu

Y~°=Ú

Ys^ΰ

ass

price

khagamu

kharjuramu

YQÆ=Ú

Y~°∂˚~°=Ú

bird

date

khani

khanijamu

Yx

Yx[=Ú

mine

gadi

mineral

gada

g a d. a p a

QÆ_»Ñ¨

QÆ^Œ

room

threshold

club

garika

gajamu

QÆiHõ

QÆ[=Ú

grass

elephant

g a r a.l a m u

gaganamu

QÆk

QÆ~°à◊=Ú

QÆQÆ#=Ú

poison

sky

4

4

4

26

4

4

ghatana .

ghanamu

Ѷ¨∞@#

Ѷ¨∞#=Ú

incident

solid ghallumanu

Ѷ¨∞Å∞¡=∞#∞ ringing

- -

gharsanamu . .

ghantaravam .

ghatikudu . .

sound of the bell

capable person friction

Ѷ¨∞O\Ï~å=O Ѷ¨∞\˜‰õΩ_»∞ Ѷ¨∞~°¬}=Ú . v a- n m a y i

"åV‡~Ú

. v a- n m a y a m u

Goddess

"åV‡Ü«∞=Ú

Saraswati

literature -. v a n m a y a k a r u d. u

"åV‡Ü«∞HÍ~°∞_»∞

4

4

litterateur

27

4

4 cali

caku

K«e

Kå‰õΩ

chill

pen knife

candanamu

caduvu

K«O^Œ#=Ú K«^Œ∞=Ù sandalwood

read

cakramu

campakamu

cakoramu

K«„Hõ=Ú

K«OѨHõ=Ú K«HÀ~°=Ú

wheel

flower

chandassu

chaya

chatrapati

Kè«O^Œã¨∞û Kè«„`«Ñ¨u prosody

square

KèåÜ«∞

´ sivaji

shadow

chalokti

Kè«Ö’H˜Î repartee chatrakamu mushroom

4

4

Kè«„`åHõ=Ú 28

4

4

jama

jalamu

*Ï=∞

[Å=Ú

guava

water jayamu

[Ü«∞=Ú triumph jata

[`«

jagadamu .

jananamu

quarrel

birth

[QÆ_»=Ú [##=Ú

pair

jhankaramu jhamu

~°≠OHÍ~°=Ú

jhasamu .

~°≠Ï=Ú

~°≠+¨=Ú

time

fish

jharamu

jhanjha

humming

~°≠~°=Ú ~°≠O~°≠ mountain stream

storm

4

4 29

4

~

sanjna

4

ã¨O[˝ symbol ~jnanam

*Ï˝#=Ú knowledge - ~ ajna

~vijnapana

P[˝

q*Ï˝Ñ¨#

command

request

tapa .

- tapakayalu .

takku .

@áê

@‰õΩ¯

post

@áêHÍÜ«∞Å∞

trick

crackers

takkari .

@Hõ¯i cunning fellow ´tankasala .

mint

4

4

@OHõâßÅ 30

4

thivi .

- thana . .

4

~îå}Ï

sîq

police station

style

mithayi .

pathasala . ´

q∞~îå~Ú áê~î°âßÅ sweet pathamu .

school kanthamu .

áê~î°=Ú

HõO~î°=Ú

lesson

throat

dabbu .

dalu .

damarukamu .

_®Å∞

_»=∞~°∞Hõ=Ú

cash

shield

small drum

_»|∞ƒ

dambamu .

_»O|=Ú boasting dazanu .

12 pieces

4

4

_»[#∞ 31

4

4

dhi .

_èô clash dhanka .

_è»OHÍ big drum

-

dhalamu .

dhammanu .

shield

blast

_è®=∞‡#∞

_è®Å=Ú

dharani .

^èŒ~°}˜ earth

venuvu .

karuna .

Hõ~°∞}

"Õ}∞=Ù

compassion

flute

kalyanamu .

HõàϺ}=Ú marriage abharanamu . ornament

4

4

PÉèí~°}=Ú 32

4

4

tadu .

tata

`å_»∞

`å`«

rope

grand father

taruvu

tanaya

`«~°∞=Ù

`«#Ü«∞

tree

daughter

talupu

taragati

tarangamu

`«Å∞ѨÙ

`«~°QÆu `«~°OQÆ=Ú

door

class

wave

atithi

pathamu

katha

Jukä

Ѩ^äŒ=Ú

Hõ^äŒ

guest

way

story

rathamu

´ sapathamu

~°^äŒ=Ú

â◊Ѩ^äŒ=Ú

charriot

vow mathanamu churning

4

4

=∞^äŒ#=Ú 33

4

dari

^Œ_ç

^•i

fence

way

danda .

danamu

^ŒO_»

^•#=Ú

garland

donation

dandanamu .

dantamu

^ŒO`«=Ú

^ŒO_»#=Ú

tooth

punishment

dhanuvu

dhara

^èŒ#∞=Ù

^è•~°

price

bow

stream

dhamani

dhanamu

^èŒ=∞x

^èŒ#=Ú

vein

money

dhavalamu .

dhagadhaga

dhara

^èŒ~°

4

dadi .

^èŒ=à◊=Ú ^èŒQÆ^èŒQÆ white

glittering

4

4

34

4

4

nati.

nagalu

#\˜

#QÆÅ∞

actress

jewelry

nadaka .

naduma .

#_»Hõ

#_»∞=∞

walk

middle

nadavadi . .

nadireyi .

<åi

#_»=_ç

#_çˆ~~Ú

woman

conduct

midnight

nari

pani

padava .

padaka .

Ѩ_»Hõ

Ѩ_»=

work

bed

boat

palaka

pagalu

ѨÅHõ

ѨQÆÅ∞

slate

day

Ѩx

pagadamu . coral

4

4

ѨQÆ_»=Ú 35

4

4

phalitamu .

phalakamu .

result

plate

phalgunudu . . .

-sitaphalamu .

arjuna

custard apple

Ѷe¨ `«=Ú Ñ¶¨ÅHõ=Ú Ñ¶Å¨ ∞æ}∞_»∞ ã‘`åѶŨ =Ú

phani . .

phalaharamu .

Ѷ¨}˜

Ѷ¨ÅǨ~°=Ú

snake

tiffin

badi .

basa

banti

|_ç

|ã¨

|Ou

school

accomodation

ball

balamu

bakamu

|Å=Ú

|Hõ=Ú

strength

crane

bandi .

balapamu

|O_ç

|ÅѨ=Ú

cart

slate pencil

4

4

36

4

4

-

bhakti

bhala .

ÉèíàÏ

ÉèíH˜Î devotion

well done bhayamu

ÉèíÜ«∞=Ú fear

-

bhavanamu

bharincu

Éèí=#=Ú

ÉèíiOK«∞ ÉèíOQÆáê@∞

building

bear

bhangapatu . insult

mara

mandu

mancamu

=∞~°

=∞O^Œ∞

=∞OK«=Ú

screw

medicine

cot

manisi .

manavi

=∞x+≤

=∞#q

man

appeal

makutamu .

mayuramu

=∞‰õΩ@=Ú =∞Ü«¸~°=Ú peacock

4

4

crown

37

4 yati

yamini

Ü«∞u

Ü«∂q∞x

sage

night

yamuna

4

yatnamu

Ü«∞=Ú# Ü«∞`«fl=Ú river Yamuna

effort yajamani

yagamu

yantramu

Ü«∂QÆ=Ú

Ü«∞O„`«=Ú Ü«∞[=∂x

ritual

machine

master raju

~°q

rani .

~å}˜

~åA

sun

queen

king

ranamu .

rasamu

battle

juice

ravi

~°}=Ú ~°ã¨=Ú rahadari high way

4

4

~°Ç¨Ï^•i 38

4

lavangamu

Å=OQÆ=Ú clove

ÅHõ¯

ÖÏ=Ù

lac

fatty

lalana

lancamu

ÅÅ#

ÅOK«=Ú

woman

bribe

lavanamu .

langaru

salt

anchor

Å=}=Ú ÅOQÆ~°∞

galamu .

"Õà◊

QÆà◊=Ú

Ñ¨à‹§=ÚÅ∞

time

throat

plates

kalalu .

nalamu .

fine arts

tube

talapucevi .

saralamu .

key

simple

pallemulu ..

<åà◊=Ú

`åà◊ѨÙK≥q ã¨~°à◊=Ú

4

4

lavu

vela .

Hõà◊Å∞

4

lakka

39

4

4

vana

vanamu

"å#

=#=Ú

rain

forest

vajramu

vankaya

=„[=Ú

=OHÍÜ«∞

diamond

brinjal

vari

vasantamu

=i

vantakamu .

=ã¨O`«=Ú =O@Hõ=Ú

paddy

spring

-

dish

´ sani

´ saramu

´ ´ sasi

â◊x

â◊~°=Ú

â◊t

saturn

arrow

moon

´ sakamu

´ sariramu

â◊Hõ=Ú

â◊s~°=Ú

era

body

-

´ satakamu

hundred verses

4

4

â◊`«Hõ=Ú 40

4

4 sasti . ..

satkamu . .

sixty

six folded

+¨@¯=Ú

+¨+≤ì

sanmukhudu . . .

+¨}∞‡Y∞_»∞ six faced lord satpadamu . .

+¨_»∞ƒù[=Ú

saddakudu . . ..

+¨_»¤‰õΩ_»∞ +¨¨@Ê^Œ=Ú

hexagon

co-brother

insect

sadbhujamu . .

sabha

sari

sagamu

ã¨Éèí

ã¨i

ã¨QÆ=Ú

court

equal

half

santa

samaramu

ã¨O`«

ã¨=∞~°=Ú

market

war

sahajamu

samajamu

ã¨Ç¨Ï[=Ú ã¨=∂[=Ú

natural

society

4

4

41

4

-

hani

hamsa

Ǩx

ǨÏOã¨

harm

swan

harini .

hasyamu

ǨÏi}˜

Ǩ㨺=Ú

deer

humour

halamu

haritamu

ǨÏÅ=Ú

ǨÏi`«=Ú

plough

green

kshama

Hõ∆=∞

4

kshanamu .

Hõ∆}=Ú

patience

moment

kshayamu

Hõ∆Ü«∞=Ú decrease

-

bhikshagadu .

4

Hõ∆`«=Ú

aèHõ∆QÍ_»∞

wound

beggar

42

4

kshatamu

4

eruka .

ceraku .

Zé∞Hõ

K≥é‰õΩ

knowledge

sugarcane

4

ceruvu .

K≥é∞=Ù pond errarayi ..

marricettu .. ..

=∞é˜]K≥@∞ì

Zé]~å~Ú

banyan tree

red stone

gorrepalu ..

Q˘éˇ]áêÅ∞ ewe milk

gurramu ..

éOѨѨÙHÀ`«

QÆ∞é]=Ú

torture

horse

4

4

rampapukota .

43

4

Kathina Padamulu .

Hõi#î Ѩ^=Œ ÚÅ∞ - Difficult Words

indradhanussu

WO„^Œ^èŒ#∞ã¨∞û

4

adhyayanamu

adhyakshudu .

J^茺ܫ∞#=Ú

J^茺‰õ∆Ω_»∞

study

president

agraganyudu . .

anvesana . .

J„QÆQÆ}∞º_»∞

J<Õfi+¨}

topper

search

rainbow

-

arohanamu .

Pk`«∞º_»∞

P~ÀǨÏ}=Ú

sun

ascent

- ´- asirvadamu

adhyatmikamu

Pj~åfi^Œ=Ú

P^蕺u‡Hõ=Ú

blessing

spirituality

ilavelupu

istaistamulu .. ..

WÅ"ÕÅ∞ѨÙ

Wëêì~Ú+¨ì=ÚÅ∞

family god

likes and dislikes

indradhanussu

ihalokamu

WO„^Œ^èŒ#∞ã¨∞û

WǨÏÖ’Hõ=Ú

rainbow

material world

-

44

4

4

- -

adityudu .

4

4

-irsya

.

D~°¬º jealousy

-isanyamu ´-

Dâß#º=Ú northeast

Iswarudu ´

Dâ◊fi~°∞._»∞ ´ Lord Siva

-itakolanu

Dâ◊fi~°∞_»∞

D`« H˘Å#∞

´ Lord Siva

swimming pool

utkantha .

utpatti

L`«¯O~î°

L`«ÊuÎ

suspense

production

udyanavanamu

udbhavincu

L^•º#=#=Ú

L^ŒƒùqOK«∞

park

araise

udarangu

-

urdhvalokamu

T^•~°OQÆ∞

T~°÷°úfiÖ’Hõ=Ú

violet colour

upper world

.

4

45

4

-Iswarudu ´

4

4 -

.runagrastudu . .

.rusyasramamu . ´

|∞∞}„QÆã¨∞Î_»∞

|∞∞ë꺄â◊=∞=Ú

debtor

hermitage

.rusabhadhvajudu . .

|∞∞+¨Éèí^èŒfiA_»∞ ´ Lord Siva

endrakaya .

ZO„_»HÍÜ«∞ crab

-. egatali

ZxflHõÅ∞

ZQÆ`åo

elections

ridicule

edurkonu

endrakaya .

Z^Œ∞~˘¯#∞

ZO„_»HÍÜ«∞

face

crab

-elika

- ekantamu

UeHõ

UHÍO`«=Ú

ruler

solitary

- ekagrata

ekibhavincu

UHÍ„QÆ`«

UH©ÉèíqOK«∞

concentration

agree

--

46

4

4

ennikalu

4

4

aikyamu

aikamatyamu

SHõº=Ú

SHõ=∞`«º=Ú

union

unity ´ aiswaryamu

Sâ◊fi~°º=Ú oddanamu .. .

wealth

X_®¤}=Ú

waist ornament

ottu ..

oppandamu

X@∞ì

XѨÊO^Œ=Ú

vow

agreement

oppukolu

-

oddanamu .. .

XѨCHÀÅ∞

X_®¤}=Ú

willingness

waist ornament

orpu

-

-ojassu

F~°∞Ê

F[ã¨∞û

patience

splendour

- -

ondrapettu . ..

FÅÖÏ_»∞

FO„_»ÃÑ@∞ì

sport in water

bray

47

4

4

-

olaladu .

4

4 aucityamu

Bz`«º=Ú suitability

outsukamu

B`«∞ûHõ=Ú angulikamu .

anxiety

JOQÆ∞mHõ=Ú ring

angusthamu ..

angarakshakudu .

JOQÆ∞+¨ª=Ú

JOQÆ~°Hõ∆‰õΩ_»∞

thumb

bodyguard

-

andhakaramu

JOQÆ∞mHõ=Ú

JO^èŒHÍ~°=Ú

ring

darkness

antahprakruti . .

manahpurvakamu .

JO`«ó„ѨHõ$u

=∞#óѨÓ~°fiHõ=Ú

inner nature

whole-heartedness

usahkalamu . .

L+¨óHÍÅ=Ú dawn

48

4

4

angulikamu .

4

4

kayyamu

´ karkasamu

HõÜ«∞º=Ú

Hõ~°¯â◊=Ú

quarrel

cruelity

kanuguddu ..

kathinamu .

Hõ#∞QÆ∞_»∞¤

Hõiî#=Ú

eye ball

hard

Ganeswarudu . . ´

QÆ}Ëâ◊fi~°∞_»∞

Lord Ganapati .

khayamu

YÅ∞_»∞

MÏÜ«∞=Ú

bad man

certain

khinnamu

mukhadvaramu

d#fl=Ú

=ÚY^•fi~°=Ú

grief

portal

garvamu

gardabhamu

QÆ~°fi=Ú

QÍ~°ÌÉèí=Ú

pride

ass

guptanidhi

Ganeswarudu . . ´

QÆ∞ѨÎxkè

QÆ}Ëâ◊fi~°∞_»∞

hidden treasure

Lord Ganapati .

49

4

4

-

khaludu .

4

-

Caturmukhudu .

-

4

ghranamu .

ghoramu

„Ѷ¨∂}=Ú

Ѷ¨∞’~°=Ú

smell

awful

ghrutamu .

ghinkarincu

Ѷ¨∞$`«=Ú

Ѷ‘∞OHõiOK«∞

ghee

trumpet

-

K«`«∞~°∞‡Y∞_»∞

Lord Brahma

.

vanmayakarudu .

"åV‡Ü«∞HÍ~°∞_»∞ litterateur

-

Caturmukhudu .

carmakarudu .

K«`«∞~°∞‡Y∞_»∞

K«~°‡HÍ~°∞_»∞

Lord Brahma

cobler

curnamu .

camatkaramu

K«∂~°‚=Ú

K«=∞`å¯~°=Ú

powder

repartee

-

4

-

chinnabhinnamu

KèÕ^Œ=Ú

zè<åflaè#fl=Ú

cutting

helter-skelter

50

4

-

chedamu

4

4

-

-

jirnamu .

janmabhumi

r~°‚=Ú

[#‡Éèí∂q∞

digestion

native place

- jivanopadhi

-

- ´jivasastramu

r=<Àáêkè

r=âßG=Ú

livelihood

biology

- - ~ maharajni

=∞Ǩ~ål˝ queen

-

jhasaketanudu . .

jhanjhamarutamu

~°≠+¨ˆH`«#∞_»∞

~°≠O~°≠Ï=∂~°∞`«=Ú

cupid

stormy wind

pratijna

prajnudu .

„Ѩu[˝

„áêA˝_»∞

vow

learned man

~

~

-maharajni

manojnamu

=∞Ǩ~ål˝

=∞<À[˝=Ú

queen

delight

~

4

4

~

51

4

-

.tenkaya

takkari .

>ˇOHÍÜ«∞

@Hõ¯i

coconut

cunning

-

damarukamu .

.tippusultan

.tippani.

\˜Ñ¨Cã¨∞ÖÏÎ<£

\˜Ñ¨Ê}˜

tippusultan

commentary

4

_»=∞~°∞Hõ=Ú drum

kathinamu .

Ѩ~î°#=Ú

Hõiî#=Ú

read

hard

pratistha ..

- kagitamu thavu .

„Ѩu+¨ª

~îå=Ù HÍy`«=Ú

reputation

sheet of paper

dokku .

dolla .

_˘‰õΩ¯

_˘Å¡

useless

hallow

damarukamu .

-dolayamanamu .

_»=∞~°∞Hõ=Ú

_ÀÖÏÜ«∞=∂#=Ú

drum

wavering

-

52

4

4

pathanamu .

4

4

-

- -

gadhanidra .

asadhamu .

QÍ_è»x„^Œ

Pëê_è»=Ú

sound sleep

name of a month

nigudhamu .

drudhatvamu .

xQÆ∂_è»=Ú

^Œ$_è»`«fi=Ú

hidden

sturdiness

gadhanidra .

QÍ_è»x„^Œ

sound sleep

rakshana .

grahanamu .

~°Hõ∆}

„QÆǨÏ}=Ú

defence

eclipse

4

kshanamu .

"å}˜[º=Ú

Hõ∆}=Ú

commerce

moment

tiraskaramu

tirthayatra

u~°™ê¯~°=Ú

f~°÷Ü«∂„`«

rejection

pilgrimage

tappidamu

tatvamu

`«Ñ≤Ê^Œ=Ú

`«`«Îfi=Ú

mistake

philosophy

-

53

-

4

-

vanijyamu .

4

Tathagatudu .

4

´ sithilamaina

Tathagatudu .

tkäÅ"≥∞ÿ#

`«^ä•QÆ`«∞_»∞

dilapidated

Lord Buddha

-tarapathamu -

yathatathamu

`å~åѨ^äŒ=Ú

Ü«∞^ä•`«^äŒ=Ú

zodiac

as it is

-

`«^ä•QÆ`«∞_»∞

Lord Buddha

digbandhamu

^•`«$`«fi=Ú

kQƃO^èŒ=Ú

generosity

beleaguering

-

-

dirghayuvu

duradrustamu . ..

n~å…Ü«Ú=Ù

^Œ∞~°^Œ$+¨ì=Ú

long life

misfortune

dhanyamu

dharmasatramu

^è•#º=Ú

^èŒ~°‡ã¨„`«=Ú

grain

choultry

-

4

dhyanamu

dhvanyanukaranamu .

^蕺#=Ú

^èŒfi#º#∞Hõ~°}=Ú

meditation

mimicry

54

4

datrutvamu .

4

4 -

nirodhincu

natyamu .

x~ÀkèOK«∞

<å@º=Ú

obstruct

dance

namaskaramu

nirnayamu .

#=∞™ê¯~°=Ú

x~°‚Ü«∞=Ú

salutation

decision

natyamu .

<å@º=Ú dance

pariskaramu .

Ѩ~°=∂`«‡

Ѩiëê¯~°=Ú

Supreme Spirit

settlement

parthasarathi

´ - pascattapamu

áê~°÷™ê~°kè

ѨâßÛ`åÎѨ=Ú

Lord Krishna

repentance

phanisayi . ´

- phalanetramu

Ѷ¨}˜âß~Ú

á¶êÅ<Õ„`«=Ú

Lord Visnu .

the eye on forehead

praphullamu

phalitamu

„ѨѶ¨ÙÅ¡=Ú

Ѷ¨e`«=Ú

blossom

result

55

4

4

paramatma

4

4

buddhimantudu .

bauddhamatamu

|∞kú=∞O`«∞_»∞ É∫^Œú=∞`«=Ú wise person

buddhism

-

-

brahmanandamu

bahiskaramu .

„|Ǩ‡#O^Œ=Ú |Ç≤Ïëê¯~°=Ú ecstasy

matsyamu

expulsion

=∞`«û º=Ú fish

-

bhallukamu

bhaskarudu .

ÉèíÅ∂¡Hõ=Ú

ÉèÏ㨯~°∞_»∞

bear

Sun

- - -

bhagyavantudu .

ÉèÏO_®QÍ~°=Ú

ÉèÏQƺ=O`«∞_»∞

treasury

rich man

matsyamu

mastiskamu .

=∞`«ûº=Ú

=∞ã≤Î+¨¯=Ú

fish

brain

mahendrudu .

madhyahnamu

=∞¿ÇÏO„^Œ∞_»∞

=∞^蕺ǨÏfl=Ú

Lord Indra

midday

-

56

4

4

-

bhandagaramu .

4

4

yauvanamu

yogyata

Ü«∞ø=#=Ú

Ü≥∂Qƺ`«

youth

eligibility

yathakramamu

yajurvedamu

Ü«∞^ä•„Hõ=∞=Ú

Ü«∞Aˆ~fi^Œ-=-Ú

-

rajagruhamu . one of the vedas ~å[QÆ $ǨÏ=Ú

as usual

palace

-

radduceyu

~°∞QƇ`«

~°^Œ∞ÌKÕÜ«Ú

illness

cancel

radheyudu .

- -

rajagruhamu .

~å^èÕÜ«Ú_»∞

~å[QÆ$ǨÏ=Ú

Karna .

palace

- lokokti

lakshyapettu ..

Ö’HÀH˜Î

ÅHõ∆ºÃÑ@∞ì

proverb

care

-

4

lakshmipati

vilakshanamu .

ÅH©;Ѩu

qÅHõ∆}=Ú

Lord Visnu ..

elegant feature

57

4

rugmata

4

´ sirassu

gollemu ..

kallemu ..

Q˘à‹§=Ú

Hõà‹§=Ú

bolt

rein

parimalamu .

- kalaratri .

Ѩi=∞à◊=Ú

HÍà◊~å„u

fragrance

nightmare

4

t~°ã¨∞û head

-

vastavamu

vijrumbhincu .

"åã¨Î==Ú

q[$OaèOK«∞

truth

enrage

-

4

vajrayudhamu

"å~°úHõº=Ú

=„*ÏÜ«Ú^èŒ=Ú

old age

indra’s weapon

´ satruvu

´ sirassu

â◊„`«∞=Ù

t~°ã¨∞û

enemy

head

´ suddhamu

´ saradrutuvu .

â◊√^Œú=Ú

â◊~°^Œ$`«∞=Ù

purity

autumn

58

4

-

vardhakyamu

4.

4

puspamu

Visnuvu ..

ѨÙ+¨Ê=Ú

q+¨µ‚=Ù

flower

Lord Visnu ..

puskalamu .

puskarini . .

ѨÙ+¨¯Å=Ú

ѨÙ+¨¯i}˜

plenty

pond

puspamu .

ѨÙ+¨Ê=Ú flower

sangramamu

ã¨OѶ¨∞=Ú

ã¨O„QÍ=∞=Ú

society

war

satkarincu

sankalpamu

ã¨`«¯iOK«∞

ã¨OHõÅÊ=Ú

honour

determination

harsamu .

hrdayamu .

ǨÏ~°¬=Ú

ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞=Ú

joy

heart

´ himasailamu

hiranyamu .

Ç≤Ï=∞â‹·Å=Ú

Ç≤Ï~°}º=Ú

Himalayan mountain

gold

59

4

4

sanghamu

4

-

-

kshetramu

kshiramu

ˆH∆„`«=Ú

H©∆~°=Ú

field

milk

4

-

kshemamu

ˆH∆=∞=Ú safe

marricettu .. ..

=∞é˜]K≥@∞ì

banyan tree

4

verrivadu .. .

|∞é]g∞™êÅ∞

"≥é˜]"å_»∞

broad moustaches

mad man

tiyyani ceruku .

karrasamu ..

uÜ«∞ºx K≥é∞‰õΩ

Hõé]™ê=Ú

sweet sugarcane

martial art with stick

erra .. samudram

marricettu .. ..

Zé] ã¨=Ú„^ŒO

=∞é˜]K≥@∞ì

red sea

banyan tree

-.. jerri kalla ..

jadala . barre ..

HÍà◊§ *ˇé˜]

[_»Å |éˇ]

centeped

yak

60

4

--

burramisalu ..

HÍÅ=∂#=Ú -Time Scale

udayamu

L^ŒÜ«∞=Ú :

k s h a n. a k a- l a m u Hõ∆}HÍÅ=Ú : second

morning

ardharatri

J~°÷~å„u :

n i m u s. a m u

pagalu

x=Ú+¨=Ú : minute g a n t.a QÆO@ : hour

dinamu

ѨQÆÅ∞ : k#=Ú :

day time day

"å~°=Ú :

early morning morning

m a d h y a- h n a m u =∞^蕺ǨÏfl=Ú : midday

<≥Å :

s a- y a m k a- l a m u

ayanamu

™êÜ«∞OHÍÅ=Ú :

nela

4

month

JÜ«∞#=Ú :

evening

ratri

~å„u :

week

pakshamu ѨHõ∆=Ú : fortnight

udayamu

L^ŒÜ«∞=Ú :

midnight

v -a r a m u

v e- k u v a j h -a m u

"Õ‰õΩ=*Ï=Ú :

4

six month-period

samvatsaramu ã¨O=`«û~°=Ú : year

night

p u s. k a r a m u

ѨÙ+¨¯~°=Ú : 61

12 year-period

4

4

-

Kalamanamu -

4

Yugamulu (4) - Ü«ÚQÆ=ÚÅ∞ (4)

- Eras (4)

4

- Hõ$`«ÜÚ« QÆ=Ú : 17 ÅHõÅ∆ 28 "ÕÅ∞

krtayugamu .

17 lakhs 28 thousand year - period of time

--

- „`Õ`åÜ«ÚQÆ=Ú : 12 ÅHõÅ∆ 96 "ÕÅ∞

tretayugamu

12 lakhs 96 thousand year - period of time

dwaparayugamu

- ^•fiѨ~°Ü«ÚQÆ=Ú : 8 ÅHõ∆Å 64 "ÕÅ∞

8 lakhs 64 thousand year - period of time kaliyugamu

- HõeÜ«ÚQÆ=Ú : 4 ÅHõÅ∆ 32 "ÕÅ∞

4 lakhs 32 thousand year - period of time

Rutuvulu .

|∞∞`«∞=ÙÅ∞ (6) : Seasons (6)

varsarutuvu .

=~°¬ |∞∞`«∞=Ù : rainy season ´ saradrutuvu .

vasantarutuvu .

: spring

â◊~°^Œ$`«∞=Ù

-

4=~°¬ .|∞∞`«. ∞=Ù

of winter

hemantarutuvu .

grismarutuvu . .

„w+¨‡ |∞∞`«∞=Ù

: begining

: summer

¿ÇÏ=∞O`« |∞∞`«∞=Ù : winter ´ ´ . sisirarutuvu

varsarutuvu

: rainy

season

tt~° |∞∞`«∞=Ù 62

: autumn

4

=ã¨O`« |∞∞`«∞=Ù

Names of the Telugu Years

„ѨÉèí= : p r a b h a v a qÉèí= : v i b h a v a â◊√Hõ¡ : s´u k l a „Ѩ"≥∂^Œ∂`« : p r a m o- d u- t a „Ѩ*’`«ÊuÎ : prajotpatti - POw~°ã¨ : angirasa N=ÚY : s r-i m u k h a ÉèÏ= : b h a- v a Ü«Ú= : y u v a ^è•`«∞ : d h a- t u Dâ◊fi~° : -i s´w a r a |Ǩï^è•#º : bahudhanya „Ѩ=∂k : p r a m a- d i q„Hõ=∞ : v i k r a m a =$+¨ : v .r s. a z„`«ÉèÏ#∞ : citrabhanu ã¨fiÉèÏ#∞ : s w a b h a- n u `å~°} : t a- r a n. a áêi÷= : parthiva =ºÜ«∞ : v y a y a ã¨~°fil`«∞Î : sarvajittu

4

ã¨~°fi^è•i : sarvadhari q~Àkè : virodhi qHõ$u : vikrti . Y~° : khara #O^Œ# : n a n d a n a q[Ü«∞ : vijaya [Ü«∞ : jaya =∞#‡^äŒ : manmatha ^Œ∞~°∞‡d : d u r m u k h i ¿ÇÏ=à◊Oa : hevalambi . qà◊Oa : vilambi . qHÍi : vikari ´âß~°fii : sarvari Ѩ¡= : plava ´ â◊√ÉèíHõ$`«∞ : subhakrtu . ´ â’ÉèíHõ$`«∞ : sobhakrtu . „HÀkè : krodhi ´ qâßfi=ã¨∞ : viswavasu 63

4

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ ã¨O=`«û~°=ÚÅ ¿Ñ~°∞¡

Ѩ~åÉèí= : parabhava Ѩ¡=OQÆ : p l a v a n g a H©ÅHõ : kilaka ™œ=∞º : s a u m y a ™ê^è•~°} : s a- d h a- r a n. a q~À^èŒHõ$`«∞ : virodhakrtu . - Ѩs^è•q : paridhavi „Ѩ=∂nK« : p r a m a- d-i c a P#O^Œ : a- n a n d a ~åHõ∆㨠: r a- k s h a s a #Å : nala Ñ≤OQÆà◊ : pingala . HÍà◊Ü«ÚH˜Î : kalayukti . ã≤^•úi÷ : siddharthi ~“„k : raudri ^Œ∞~°‡u : durmati ^Œ∞O^Œ∞aè : d u n d u b h i - ~°∞kè~À^•æi : rudhirodgari ~°HÍÎH˜∆ : raktakshi „HÀ^èŒ# : k r o- d h a n a JHõ∆Ü«∞ : a k s h a y a

4

4

Telugu samvastaramula perlu -

Pakshamulu: 2 -

ѨHõ∆=ÚÅ∞ : 2 - Fortnights: 2

´ Suklapakshamu: â◊√Hõ¡ ѨHõ∆=Ú: (from 1st day to fullmoon day) ´ Suklapaksha Tithulu: 15 - â◊√Hõ¡Ñ¨Hõ∆ u^äŒ∞Å∞: 15

´ suddha padyami .

â◊√^Œú áê_»ºq∞

´ suddha astami ..

: 1st

â◊√^Œú J+¨ìq∞

day after full moonday

â◊√^Œú #=q∞ : 2nd

â◊√^Œú ^Œâq◊ ∞ : 3rd

´ suddha

day

´ suddha caviti

â◊√^Œú K«qu

´ suddha

day

´ suddha pancami

â◊√^Œú ѨOK«q∞ : 5th ´ suddha .sasthi .. â◊√^Œú +¨+≤ª : 6th : 7th

day

´ suddha

day

: 10th

day

: 11th

day

: 12th

day

: 13th

day

- ´ dwadasi

â◊√^Œú ^•fi^Œt

- ´ trayodasi

â◊√^Œú „`«Ü∂≥ ^Œt day

´ suddha caturdasi´

day

â◊√^Œú K«`«∞~°Ìt p a u r n. a m i áœ~°‚q∞

´ suddha saptami

4â◊√^Œú ã¨ÑΨq∞

-ekadasi - ´

â◊√^Œú UHÍ^Œt : 4th

: 9th

´ ´ suddha dasami

day

´ suddha tadiya

â◊√^Œú `«kÜ«∞

day

´ suddha navami

´ suddha vidiya

â◊√^Œú qkÜ«∞

: 8th

4

: 14th

: fullmoon day

64

day

4

4

Hõ$+¨‚ѨHõ∆=Ú: (from 1st day to newmoon Krishnapaksha Tithulu: 15 - Hõ$+¨‚ѨHõ∆ u^äŒ∞Å∞ : 15 .. .

Krishnapakshamu

bahula . padyami .

day)

4

bahula . astami ..

|Ǩïà◊ J+¨ìq∞ : 8th day bahula . navami |Ǩïà◊ #=q∞ : 9th day ´ bahula . dasami |Ǩïà◊ ^Œâq◊ ∞ : 10th day - ´ bahula . -ekadasi |Ǩïà◊ UHÍ^Œt : 11th day bahula . dwadasi´ |Ǩïà◊ ^•fi^Œt : 12th day - ´ bahula . trayodasi |Ǩïà◊ „`«Ü∂≥ ^Œt : 13th day bahula . caturdasi´ |Ǩïà◊ K«`∞« ~°tÌ : 14th day

|Ǩïà◊ áê_»ºq∞ : 1st

day after newmoon day

bahula . vidiya

|Ǩïà◊ qkÜ«∞ : 2nd day bahula . tadiya |Ǩïà◊ `«kÜ«∞ : 3rd day bahula . caviti |Ǩïà◊ K«qu : 4th day bahula . pancami |Ǩïà◊ ѨOK«q∞ : 5th day bahula . .sasthi .. |Ǩïà◊ +¨+ª≤ : 6th day bahula . saptami |Ǩïà◊ ã¨ÑΨ q∞ : 7th day

4

a m a- v a- s y a

J=∂"å㨺

: newmoon day

65

4

4 .. .

4

Telugu Nelalu

English Nelalu

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ <≥ÅÅ∞

WOw¡+µ¨ <≥ÅÅ∞ English Months

Telugu Months

K≥·„`«=Ú

:

janavari

caitramu

[#=i :

´vaisakhamu

*˺+¨ì=Ú

:

jyestamu

=∂iÛ

Pëê_è»=Ú

: - asadhamu . . : ´sravanamu .

U„Ñ≤Öò

„âß=}=Ú ÉèÏ„^ŒÑ¨^Œ=Ú

:

"≥·âßY=Ú

4

: january

phibravari

Ѷ≤„|=i

: february

m a- r c i

..

: march

epril

: april

may

"Õ∞

bhadrapadamu

: may

-

june

Jâ◊fiÜ«Ú[=Ú : a- s´w a y u j a m u

E<£

: june

-

july

- : kartikamu

=∂~°æt~°=Ú

- ´ : margasiramu

ѨÙ+¨º=Ú

:

=∂Ѷ¨∞=Ú

: maghamu

á¶êÅ∞æ}=Ú

:

4

EÖˇ· a g a s..t u PQÆ+¨µì s e p t.e m b a r u ÃãÃÑìO|~°∞ octobaru . JHÀì|~°∞

pusyamu .

: july : august : september : october

navambaru

phalgunamu .

#=O|~°∞

: november

disembaru

_çÃãO|~°∞ 66

: december

4

HÍsÎHõ=Ú

-´ Rasulu Signs of Zodiac

-

4 "å~°=ÚÅ∞ -

~åâ◊√Å∞ -

Varamulu Week Days

12 11

2

10

3

9

4 5

8

1 . m e- s. a m u 2.

-

a d i v a- r a m u

:

4.

:

monday

:

gemini cancer leo

:

virgo

:

libra

:

scorpio

:

sagittarius

:

capricorn

‰õΩ-OÉèí=Ú

:

aquarius

g∞#=Ú

:

pisces

7 . tula

:

wednesday 8.

:

`«∞Å vrscikamu .´ =$tÛHõ=Ú

9 . dhanussu

thursday

^èŒ#∞ã¨∞û 10. makaramu

:

=∞Hõ~°=Ú

friday

11. kumbhamu

s´a n i v -a r a m u

4â◊x"å~°=Ú

taurus

:

Hõ#º

s´u k r a v a r a m u

â◊√„Hõ"å~°=Ú

aries

6. kanya

tuesday

g u r u v a- r a m u

QÆ∞~°∞"å~°=Ú

q∞^äŒ∞#=Ú : k a r k a.t a k a m u Hõ~å¯@Hõ=Ú : ã≤OǨÏ=Ú

b u d h a v -a r a m u

|∞^èŒ"å~°=Ú

"Õ∞+¨=Ú : v.. rsabhamu =$+¨Éèí=Ú :

5. simhamu

m a n g a l a v a- r a m u

. =∞OQÆà◊"å~°=Ú

6

3 . mithunamu

sunday

s o m a v a- r a m u

™È=∞"å~°=Ú

7

:

12. minamu

saturday

67

4

Pk"å~°=Ú

4

1

4

- Dikkulu

4

8 k‰õΩ¯Å∞ - 8 Directions `«∂~°∞Ê

PˆQflÜ«∞=Ú

Dâß#º=Ú

L`«Î~°

^ŒH˜∆}=Ú "åÜ«∞=º=Ú

<≥·~°∞u Ѩ_»=∞~°

-

-

`«∂~°∞Ê p a d. a m a r a Ѩ_»=∞~°

:

PˆQflÜ«∞=Ú

east

:

southeast

:

southwest

:

northwest

:

northeast

nairuti

:

west

<≥·~°∞u v a- y a v y a m u

uttaramu

north

"åÜ«∞=º=Ú - ´isanyamu

south

Dâß#º=Ú

Rangulu nalupu

#Å∞ѨÙ

~°OQÆ∞Å∞ - Colours -

cilakakupacca

: black

zÅH͉õΩѨK«Û b u- d. i d a |∂_ç^Œ

telupu

`≥Å∞ѨÙ

: white

gulabi

erupu

Z~°∞ѨÙ

: red : yellow

QÆ∞ÖÏa k a- s. a y a m HÍëêÜ«∞O

: blue

T^•

: green

<åiO[

pasupu

Ѩã¨∞Ѩ٠-

u- d -a

nilamu

hÅ=Ú akupacca

P‰õΩѨK«Û

narinja

68

: parrot

green

: ash : pink : saffron : violet

4

L`«Î~°=Ú : d a k s h i n. a m u ^ŒH˜∆}=Ú :

4

-

agneyamu

turpu

: orange

4

Nakshatramulu 27-

#Hõ∆„`«=ÚÅ∞ 27

- Lunar Stars 27

-

a s´w a n i

-

Jâ◊fix

makha

-

=∞Y

mula

b h a .r a n i

-

Éèí~°}˜

pubba

-

ѨÙ|ƒ

p u r v a .s a d. h a -

krittika .

-

Hõ$uÎHõ

uttara

-

L`«Î~°

rohini .

-

~ÀÇ≤Ï}˜

hasta

-

mrgasira . ´

-

=∞$QÆt~°

citta

-

-

P~°∞„^Œ

swati

punarvasu -

ѨÙ#~°fiã¨∞

v i s´a k h a

p u s. y a m i

-

ѨÙ+¨ºq∞

-

Pâı¡+¨

arudra

4

a- s´l -e .s a

=¸Å

- - -

ѨÓ~åfiëê_è»

uttarasadha .

- -

L`«Î~åëê_è»

ǨÏã¨Î

s´r a v a n a m

-

„â◊=}O

-

z`«Î

dhanistha ..

-

^èŒx+¨ª

-

-

™êfiu

s´a t a b h i.s a m u -

â◊`«aè+¨=Ú

-

-

qâßY

p u- r v -a b h -a d r a -

ѨÓ~åfiÉèÏ„^Œ

anuradha -

J#∂~å^èŒ

uttarabhadra -

L`«Î~åÉèÏ„^Œ

jyestha ..

*˺+¨ª

revati

ˆ~=u

--

-

-

-

4

-

-

4

69

Hõâ◊ºÑ¨Ù_»∞ : J„u : Éèí~°^•fiA_»∞ :

k a s´y a p u d. u

qâßfiq∞„`«∞_»∞ : atri Q“`«=Ú_»∞ : b h a r a d w a- j u d. u [=∞^Œyfl : ´ . . =ã≤+¨µª_»∞ : vasisthudu

Navagrahamulu -

S u- r y u d. u C a n d r u d. u

A n g a- r a k u d. u B u d h u d. u Brhaspati . ´ Sukrudu

4

ã¨Ñ| Ψ ∞∞+¨µÅ∞ - The seven .rusis .

.

S´a n a i s´c a r u d. u R a- h u v u K e- t u v u

4

´ viswamitrudu .

g a u t a m u d. u j a m a d. a g n i

#=„QÇÆ Ï¨ =ÚÅ∞: Names of 9 planets

-

ã¨∂~°∞º_»∞ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ JOQÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ |$ǨÏã¨Êu â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ â◊<≥·â◊Û~°∞_»∞ ~åǨï=Ù ˆH`«∞=Ù 70

-

Sun Moon Mars Mercury Jupiter Venus Saturn Dragon’s head Dragon’s tail

4

4

Saptarusulu . . -

4

Navaratnamulu

- #=~°`«fl=ÚÅ∞ - The nine gems

vajramu

-

v a i d. -u r y a m u

-

g o- m e- d h i k a m u

-

p u s. y a r -a g a m u

-

marakatamu

-

m a-n. i k y a m u

-

nilamu

-

p a g a d. a m u

-

mutyamu

-

-

Navadhanyamulu

=„[=Ú "≥·_∂» ~°º=Ú QÀ"Õ∞kèHõ=Ú Ñ¨Ù+¨º~åQÆ=Ú =∞~°Hõ`«=Ú =∂}˜Hõº=Ú hÅ=Ú Ñ¨QÆ_»=Ú =Ú`«º=Ú

-

diamond

-

cat’s eye

4

zirconium topaz emerald ruby sapphire coral pearl

- #=^è•#º=ÚÅ∞ - The nine varieties of grains

godhumalu - QÀ^è Œ ∞ =∞Å∞ - wheat =_» ∞ ¡ - paddy anumulu - J#∞=ÚÅ∞ - rajmagram ulavalu - LÅ=Å∞ - horsegram kandulu - Hõ O ^Œ ∞ Å∞ - redgram pesalu - ÃÑ㨠Š∞ - greengram ´ - â◊ # QÆ Å ∞ - bengalgram minumulu - q∞#∞=ÚÅ∞ - blackgram sanagalu nuvvulu - #∞=ÙfiÅ∞ - gingili

vadlu . -

4

4

71

- Manobhavamulu -

=∞<ÀÉèÏ==ÚÅ∞ - Faculties of the mind

a- n a n d a m u

P#O^Œ=Ú d u h. k h a m u ^Œ∞óY=Ú a s -u y a

Jã¨∂Ü«∞ d v e s. a m u ^Õfi+¨=Ú a n u m -a n a m u

J#∞=∂#=Ú k o- p a m u

HÀѨ=Ú a- s´a

Pâ◊

4

4

maunamu

: pleasure

=∞ø#=Ú e- v a g i m p u

: sorrow

U=yOѨÙ

: silence : vexation

asahyamu

: jealousy

Jã¨Ç¨Ïº=Ú ahamkaramu

: hatred

JǨÏOHÍ~°=Ú polika

: suspicion

áÈeHõ sphurti

: anger

ã¨∂ÊùiÎ u t s -a h a m u

: ambition

L`åûǨÏ=Ú

daya

^Άǰ

: kindness 72

: unbearable : ego : comparison : inspiration : spirit

4

4

4

â◊s~å=Ü«∞==ÚÅ∞ - Parts of the body

´ sariramu

â◊s~°=Ú

n a d. u m u

:

body

:

head

:

face

#_»∞=Ú b o d. d. u ÉÁ_»∞¤ g u n .d e QÆ∞O_≥

tala

`«Å mukhamu

=ÚY=Ú

:

eye

:

nose

:

mouth

n o- r u

<À~°∞ m e d. a

"≥∞_»

4<åÅ∞Hõ

heart

:

hand

:

stomach

-

:

thigh

gѨÙ

:

back

:

leg

:

foot

:

finger

:

nail

ear

k a- l u

:

neck

Hꁰ

:

throat

v e- l u

:

chest

"ÕÅ∞ g o- r u

:

tongue

QÀ~°∞

p a- d a m u

áê^Œ=Ú

rommu

~˘=Ú‡

:

:

gontu

Q˘O`«∞

navel point

vipu

cevi

K≥q

:

K≥~Úº k a d. u p u Hõ_»∞Ѩ٠t o d. a `˘_»

mukku

=Ú‰õΩ¯

waist

ceyyi

kannu

Hõ#∞fl

:

n a- l u k a

73

4

4

--

´ Sariravayavamulu -

|O^è∞Œ `«fi=ÚÅ∞ - Relationships

amma

vadina

J=∞‡ -

: mother

<å#fl

: father

=k# - todikodalu . . `À_çHÀ_»Å∞ k o d. u k u H˘-_»∞‰õΩ k o d. a l u HÀ_»Å∞

nanna ammamma

J=∞‡=∞‡ -

: grand

mother

`å`«-

: grand

father

"Õ∞-#=∂=∞

: meternal

"Õ∞-#`«- Î

: aunt

ÉÏÉÏ~Ú

: uncle

tata

m e n a m a- m a

=∞ik

=∞#∞=∞_»∞ manumaralu =∞#∞=∞~åÅ∞ m e- n a k o- d.a l u "Õ∞#HÀ_»Å∞ .s a d. d. a k u d. u +¨_»¤‰õΩ_»∞ m e- n a l l u d. u "Õ∞#Å∞¡_»∞ -

: aunt

(mother’s younger sister)

: uncle

(father’s elder brother)

peddamma

ÃÑ^ŒÌ=∞‡

: aunt

(mother’s elder sister)

qÜ«∞ºÑ¨Ù~åÅ∞

JHõ- ¯

: elder

ÉÏ=

: brother-in-law

sister

bava

viyyankudu .

qÜ«∞ºO‰õΩ_»∞

anna

J#fl

: son : daughter-in-law : brother-in-law : sister-in-law : grandson : grand

daughter

: niece : co-brother : nephew

viyyapuralu

akka

4

=∞~°^ŒÅ∞ m a n u m a d. u

pinni

ÃÑ^ŒÌ<å#fl

: co-sister

maradalu (father’s sister)

babayi

p e d d a n -a n n a

: sister-in-law

maridi uncle

menatta

Ñ≤xfl

4

: brother 74

: son’s

or daughter’s mother-in-law

: son’s

or daughter’s father-in-law

4

4

Bandhutvamulu -

4

Vruttulu .

b o- y a

raitu

Ô~·`«∞

: farmer

kummari

‰õΩ=∞‡i

: potter

Hõ=∞‡i

: black

- kulivadu

. ‰õÄe"å_»∞ gollavadu . Q˘Å¡"å_»∞ - s a l e v a d. u ™êÖˇ"å_»∞

: hired

É’Ü«∞ vadrangi . =„_»Oy

: carpenter

smith

HõO™êe

: goldsmith

v a i d y u d. u

worker

: milkman

"≥·^Œ∞º_»∞ -pujari

: doctor

ѨÓ*Ïi

: priest

naukaru

ganugavadu

: weaver

<ÒHõ~°∞

QÍ#∞QÆ"å_»∞

: oilpresser

HÍi‡‰õΩ_»∞

: barber

KåHõe

.

k a- r m i k u d u

cakali

mangali

.

: servant : labourer

: washerman rangulu . ~°OQÆ∞Å∞ "Õ¿ã"å_»∞ : painter

: accountant

- - vesevadu

4

4

: hunter

k a m s a- l i

kammari

=∞OQÆe k a r a .n a m u Hõ~°}=Ú

4

=$`«∞Å Î ∞ - Professions

75

-

b e n d. a k -a y a

aratikaya .

J~°\˜HÍÜ«∞ : plantain b a n g a.l a d u m p a |OQÍà◊^Œ∞OѨ : potato

ɡO_»HÍÜ«∞ d o n d. a k -a y a ^˘O_»HÍÜ«∞

P‰õΩ ‰õÄ~°Å∞ ulligadda .. Le¡QÆ_»¤

=OHÍÜ«∞ -.t o m a .t o \Á=∂\’

aku kuralu

kakarakaya

HÍHõ~°HÍÜ«∞ g u m m a d. i k a y a QÆ∞=∞‡_çHÍÜ«∞ potlakaya . á⁄@¡HÍÜ«∞ gorucikkudu . QÀ~°∞z‰õΩ¯_»∞ cikkudukaya . z‰õΩ¯_»∞HÍÜ«∞

4^Àã¨HÍÜ«∞

d o- s a k -a y a

4

‰õÄ~°QÍÜ«∞Å∞ - Vegetables

v a n k -a y a

: greens : onion

: lady’s

finger

: gherkins : brinjal

c a- m a g a d d a

: tomato

..

: bitter

Kå=∞QÆ_»¤

gourd

m u n a g a k -a y a

: pumpkin

=Ú#QÆHÍÜ«∞

: colocacia : drumstrick

mullangi

: snake : local

gourd

=ÚÅ¡Oy

: radish

k a n d a g a d. d. a beans

HõO^ŒQÆ_»¤

- birakaya

: elephant foot (yam)

: beans

c~°HÍÜ«∞

: ridge

gourd

: cucumber

P#ѨHÍÜ«∞

: bottle

gourd

a- n a p a k a- y a

76

4

4

Kuragayalu -

4

d a- n i m m a

arati.

J~°\˜ d r a- k s h a

„^•Hõ∆ m a- m i d. i

=∂q∞_ç j -a m a

*Ï=∞

-neredu

. <Õˆ~_»∞ s a p o- t.aã¨áÈ\Ï

: banana

^•x=∞‡

: grapes

"≥ÅQÆ

: mango

Y~°∂˚~°=Ú

kharjuramu

ÉÁáêÊ~Ú p u c c a k -a y a

4ѨÙK«ÛHÍÜ«∞

: wood

apple

: date

panasa

: guava

Ѩ#ã¨

: cherry

ˆ~yѨO_»∞

: sapota

J<åã¨

-sitaphalamu

: pineapple

: orange

ã‘`åѶ¨Å=Ú

: custard

: papaya

PÑ≤Öò

r e- g i p a n d u

: water

: jackfruit

.

a n a- s a

apil

melon

: pear

apple

: apple

4

b o p p a- y i

: pomegranate

velaga

kamala

Hõ=∞Å

4

Pandlu . - ѨO_»∞¡ - Fruits

77

4

- - ѨÓÅ∞ - Flowers Pulu

Vrukshamulu - =$Hõ= ∆ ÚÅ∞ - Trees .

-

m a l l e p-u v u

~åqK≥@∞ì

- badamcettu

ÉÏ^•OK≥@∞ì kanugacettu

..

HÍ#∞QÆK≥@∞ì marricettu .. .. =∞é˜]K≥@∞ì vepacettu .. "ÕѨK≥@∞ì cintacettu .. zO`«K≥@∞ì t u m m a c e .. ttu `«∞=∞‡K≥@∞ì araticettu . .. J~°\˜K≥@∞ì jamacettu .. *Ï=∞K≥@∞ì mamidicettu . .. =∂q∞_çK≥@∞ì ´- - .. asokacettu Jâ’HÍK≥@∞ì

: fig

tree

=∞Öˇ¡Ñ¨Ó=Ù t -a m a r a p-u v u

: almond : Indian

tree

`å=∞~°Ñ¨Ó=Ù k a l u v a p -u v u

bunch tree

: banyan

HõÅ∞=ѨÓ=Ù c a- m a n t i

tree

Kå=∞Ou : neem

gulabi

tree

QÆ∞ÖÏa : tamarind

bantipulu

tree

|OuѨÓÅ∞ : babool

m o g a l i p -u v u

tree

"≥ÚQÆeѨÓ=Ù : banana : guava

tree

: jasmine : lotus : water

lily

: chrysanthemum : rose : marigold : pandarus

davanam

^ŒŒ=#O

tree

: motherwort

maruvam

: mango : asoka

=∞~°∞=O

tree

: cowhage

4

ravicettu ..

4

4

tree 78

4

Pakshulu -

4

Ѩ‰Ω∆õ Å∞ - Birds

Jantuvulu - [O`«∞=ÙÅ∞ - Animals

kukka

‰õΩHõ¯ nakka

-

pavuramu

#Hõ¯ : pigeon

pilli

k a- k i

HÍH˜ koyila

HÀ~ÚÅ

: owl

: crow bird

: sparrow

gradda

„QÆ^ŒÌ

: eagle

b a- t u

4ǨÏO㨠ÉÏ`«∞

ˆQ^≥

: buffalo

"Õ∞Hõ g o .. rre Q˘éˇ] g a- d. i d a QÍ_ç^Œ

: goat

U#∞QÆ∞

: elephant

: sheep : donkey

puli

: bat

ѨÙe

nemali

<≥=∞e

: cow

e- n u g u

gabbilamu

QÆaƒÅ=Ú

P=Ù

m e- k a

piccuka

Ñ≤K«∞ÛHõ

: cat

g e- d e

: crane

: cuckoo

Ñ≤e¡

a- v u

konga

H˘OQÆ

: fox

: tiger

simhamu

: peacock

ã≤OǨÏ=Ú

: lion

HÀu

: monkey

koti

: duck

hamsa

jinka

: swan

lOHõ 79

: deer

4

áê=Ù~°=Ú g u d. l a g -u b a QÆ∞_»¡QÆ∂|

: dog

=O@ WO\˜ ™ê=∂#∞¡ – Household Material4

cemca--

K≥ O Kå - spoon pogagottamu .. - á⁄QÆ Q ˘@ì = Ú- chimney cipuru - pѨ Ù ~° ∞ - broom pallemu .. - Ñ¨à‹§=Ú - plate kulayi . - ‰õΩàÏ~Ú - tap - - ~ÀHõ e - pounder rokali - - ‰õÄ*Ï - flagon kuja- - karra - ѨÓsÅ Hõé] - rolling pin purila .. kavvamu - Hõ = fi=Ú - churner balla - |Å¡ - table cettabutta .. - K≥`«Î|∞@ì - dustbin

á⁄~Úº - hearth garita. - QÆ i @ - ladle jalleda. - [Öˇ¡_» - sieve - - Ѩ @ HÍ~° ∞ - tongs patakaru . turumu - `«∞~°∞=Ú - grate mukudu . - =¸‰õΩ_»∞ - bowl - - áê„`« - vessel patra aggipette .. - Jyæ à Ñ>ˇ ì - match box - - ~ÀÅ∞ - mortar rolu -- =Úà◊§ K≥OKå - fork mullacemca .. - - *Ï_ç - jar jadi . poyyi -

-

Lohamulu -

b a n g a r a m u |OQÍ~°=Ú v e n d. i

4

ittadi . r a- g i

"≥O_ç W`«Î_ç ~åy

: : : :

֒ǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ - Metals

gold

ukku

silver

inumu

brass

tagaramu

copper

sisamu

-

80

L‰õΩ¯ W#∞=Ú `«QÆ~°=Ú ã‘ã¨=Ú

: : : :

steel iron tin

4

4

- Vanta . Inti. samanulu -

lead

H˜~å}Ï ™ê=∂#∞Å∞ - Provisions

miriyalu

pasupu

Ѩã¨∞ѨÙ

: turmeric

q∞~°Ñ¨HÍÜ«∞

: chilli

m i r a p a k -a y a

-

q∞iÜ«∂Å∞ cintapandu . zO`«Ñ¨O_»∞

: coriander

LѨC HÍ~°=Ú

-jlakarra

: mustard

rÅHõ„~°

: cummin

a- v a- l u

P"åÅ∞

g a s a g a s a- l u

QÆã¨QÆ™êÅ∞

k a- r a m u

: poppy

ÉˇÅ¡O

seeds

p a n c a d a- r a

ѨOK«^•~°

plant seeds

lavangalu

4

Å=OQÍÅ∞ elakulu

UʼnõΩÅ∞

: salt : mirchi

powder

: jaggery : sugar

kandipappu

HõOkѨѨC

: assafoetida

: redgram

minapapappu

mentulu

"≥∞O`«∞Å∞

: tamarind

bellam

inguva

WOQÆ∞=

: pepper

uppu

dhaniyalu

^èŒxÜ«∂Å∞

4

q∞#ѨѨC

: fenugreek

: blackgram

s´a n a g a p a p p u

â◊#QÆѨѨC

: cloves

pesarapappu

ÃÑã¨~°Ñ¨Ñ¨C

: cardomum 81

: bengalgram

4

4

- - -Samanulu Kirana .

: greengram

PÉèí~°}=ÚÅ∞ – Ornaments

talabilla ..

ungaramu

LOQÆ~°=Ú : k a n k a n. a m u HõOHõ}=Ú :

`«Åaà◊§

:

headlocket

:

medal

:

earstuds

brooch

K≥q^Œ∞^Œ∞ÌÅ∞ kiritamu . H˜s@=Ú

:

crown

nose-ring

=OH©

:

armlet

:

necklace

:

anklets

ring

patakamu

Ѩ`«Hõ=Ú

bracelet

ceviduddu

golusu

Q˘Å∞ã¨∞ : pamita. pinnu Ѩq∞@ Ñ≤#∞fl :

chain

vanki

mukkera

=ÚÔH¯~°

:

h a- r a m u

cevikammalu

K≥qHõ=∞‡Å∞

:

tops

:

hair clip

Ǩ~°=Ú pattilu .. Ѩ\©ìÅ∞

pinnu

Ñ≤#∞fl pakkapinnu

ѨH¯õ Ñ≤#∞fl

m u k k u p u d. a k a

:

gajulu

QÍAÅ∞

4#QÆÅ∞

4

side pin

:

bangle

:

jewelry

=Ú‰õΩ¯Ñ¨Ù_»Hõ : -lolakulu

Ö’ÖωõΩÅ∞ : o d. d. a n. a m u X_®¤}=Ú :

nagalu

82

nosestud hangings

4

4

-

Abharanamulu .

waist ornament

- Inti . Bhagalu -

4 H˘Å`«Å∞ -

Kolatalu Measures

WO\˜ ÉèÏQÍÅ∞ Parts of the House

talupulu

v e d. a l p u

: width

`«Å∞ѨÙÅ∞

: length

„Ѩ"âÕ ◊ ^•fi~°=Ú kitikilu . H˜\˜H©Å∞

-´ pravesa

ettu

Z`«∞Î potti .. á⁄\˜ì

: height

QÆk

varanda

: short

=~°O_® : big

JÖχ~å g a d. a p a QÆ_»Ñ¨

: small

baruvu

|~°∞=Ù g u n d. r a m u QÆ∞O„_»=Ú

.

- almara

cinna

z#fl

: entrance : windows

gadi

pedda

ÃÑ^ŒÌ

: doors

dvaramu

: room : verandah : almirah : threshold

paikappu

: heavy

ÃÑ·HõѨC g a v -a k s h a m u

QÆ"åHõ∆=Ú mettlu .. "≥∞@∞¡

: round

4 83

: roof : ventilator : steps

4

"≥_»Å∞Ê p o d. a v u á⁄_»=Ù

4

4

4

telugu talli

-

-

“ma telugu talliki malle pudanda . ma kanna talliki mangalaratulu” . 84

4

4