Task Analysis

health wellness participation client centered service client disability impairment activity limitations participation restrictions involvement evaluation task analysis approaches to intervention domain dimensions occupational performance activities of daily living (Areas of Occupation) instrumental activities of daily living (Areas of Occupation) education (Areas of Occupation) work (Areas of Occupation) play (Areas of Occupation) leisure (Areas of Occupation) social participation (Areas of Occupation) performance skills motor/ praxis skills (Performance Skills) cognitive skills (Performance Skills) communication and social skills (Performance Skills) emotional regulation (Performance skills) performance patterns habits (Performance Patterns) routines (Performance Patterns) roles (Performance Patterns) context activity demands client factors objects and their properties (Activity Demands) space demands (Activity Demands) social demands (Activity Demands) sequence and timing (Activity Demands) required actions and performance skills (Activity Demands) required body functions (Activity Demands) required body structures (Activity Demands) process domain rest and sleep (Areas of Occupation) rituals (Performance Patterns) cultural (Contexts) personal (Contexts) temporal (Contexts) virtual (Contexts) physical (Contexts) social (Contexts) occupational profile (Evaluation) analysis of occupational performance (Evaluation)

intervention plan client factors values (Client Factors) beliefs (Client Factors) spirituality (Client Factors) body functions (Client Factors) body structures (Client Factors) create, promote (Intervention Approach) establish, restore (Intervention Approach) maintain (Intervention Approach) modify (Intervention Approach) prevent (Intervention Approach) range of motion strength endurance-coordination endurance-muscle coordination

complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being and not just the absence of infirmity condition of disease being inand good health, including appreciating and enjoying that health and a state of mental and physical balance and fitness involvement in a life situation, formaland andtheir everyday activities practitioners collaborate with clients proxies and focus priorities on the issues the client identifies entity thatterm receives services (person, organization, institution) umbrella for impairments, activitygroup, limitations, and participation restrictions problems in body function that result in significant deviation or loss in that which is considered normal functions or structure difficulties executing aan task focuses oninestablishing occupational profile and analysis of problems experienced in involvement inan lifearea situations taking part, being included or engaged ofthe life,client beingand accepted, occupational performance. Allows ot toofin understand their or having access to needed resources environment/occupations to design aninteraction intervention to optimize the process of analyzing the dynamic among a client, their performance environment and selected tasks; to design intervention to optimize the fit among theses 3 dimensions health promotion, disability prevention, maintenance, compensation or adaption, remediation or restoration engagement of occupation toasupport participation in contexts areas ofoccupation occupation, performance skills, performance patterns, contexts, accomplishment of includes aactivities selected occupation, task or resulting from basic personal person engages in activity for the purpose of area ofand tasks required for effective interaction with activity demands, and client factors the dynamic/interdependent/transactional interactions among clients, taking care of their body bowel & bladder, dressing, eating, the environment (care of (bathing, others, care of pets, child rearing, their environments, and occupations feeding, functional mobility, personal device care, personal communication management, community mobility, financial hygiene, management, sexual activity, toilet health maintenance, home maintenance, meal preparation, religious engagement of student roles, participation in learning environment, activities needed for hygiene) engaging in remunerative employment or volunteer observance, cleanup, safety and emergency shopping) formal education preparation, exploration andmaintenance, participation seeking in informal activities (employment interests and pursuits, employment and personal education acquisition, job retirement and adjustment, spontaneous orperformance, organized activities that preparation are purely for enjoyment, volunteer exploration, volunteer participation) entertainment, amusement or diversion (play exploration, play participation) nonobligatory activity that is intrinsically motivated and engaged during patterns of behaviors are characteristic and expected of an individual discretionary time (leisure exploration, leisure participation) or an interactive collection of individuals sharing or taking part inactions a social actions or behaviors that their enable people to manage modify enable people to convey intentions and needs and as well as to group or system (community, family, peers/friends) actions or features of what one does (motor/praxis, sensory/perceptual, enable people to move and interact with objects and environments while they complete a task (pace, attend, choose, handle, orchestrate and harmonize their social behavior touse, interact with heed, others, emotional regulation, cognitive, social/ communication (stablize, align, position, walk, reach, bend, coordinate, flow, manipulate, inquire, continue, sequence, terminate, search or locate, gather, such as initiate, physicality (physical contact, gestures, gazes, skills) maneuver, orients, moves, transport, lift, calibrate, grip, endure, pace) organize, restore, navigate, notice or respond, accommodate, adjust, postures), informationa exchange engage, express, actions or behaviors client uses(articulate, to identify,asserts, manage, and express benefit) speak, relationships (collaborate, conform, focus, feelingsshare, while sustain), engagingand in activities or interacting with others (emotionalrelate, respects) expression, showing expression; emotional-congruence, expression matches situation) habits, routines, rituals and roles adopt asinto they engagepatterns in specific, automatic behaviors thatpeople are integrated complex of occupations; patterns change over time and are influenced by contexts conduct that support or interfere with a person's ability to function on a represent a set of behaviors that have some socially agreed upon day-to-day Can there be or of dominating. established sequences of useful, occupations or activities that provide a function andbasis. for which is animpoverished accepted norm norms. Organize structure for daily life behavior, communicate expectations, and evolve across a life span, influence engagement in place areasare of performer occupations. External contexts the demands that task on the influence of those body functions anda structures, attributes and or foundation abilities that represent unique configuration of performance tasks that may fall on more than which 1that role (physical, social, or virtual), internal (personal) or external features demands on engagement and participation. The required actions, affect strengths and limitations in and ultimately are influenced by society and shape internal features (culture) dependentinon performance and performance skills, functions as well engagement occupations andpatterns participation in contexts. Body as body functions structures and affective attributes aredemands cognitive,on sensory, physical,and psychosocial, that promote or restrict engagements in occupations tools, materials and equipment used to carry out process physical envrequired requirements on the activity usual skills by performer to carry out activity (sensory, social env and cultural contexts that activity requires perceptual, motor, praxis, emotional, cognitive, communication, and process used to carry out the activity (steps, social performance skills) (feel heat of stove, sequence) grip handlebar, adjust tone of voice) physiological functions ofview bodyand systems that in arewhich required to support the outlines the profession's the areas its members have actions to perform task (mobility of joints, level of consciousness) anatomical parts of body, such as limbs and organs, that support body an established body of knowledge and expertise to support health and function (# ofinhands) participation life through engagement in occupation (areas of client centered in theperformance delivery of OT services occupation, client skills, performance Activities relatedused tofactors, obtaining restorative rest and sleep thatpatterns, supports contexts,active activity demands) (rest, sleep, sleep preparation, sleep healthy engagement participation) symbolic actions spiritual, cultural or social meaning, to customs, beliefs, with activity patterns, behavior standards andcontributing expectations the client'sbyidentity and reinforcing valuesaccess and beliefs accepted the society (laws that affect to resources, opportunities for education/employment) personal context includes age, gender, socioeconomic status, and educational status experience of time as communication shaped by engagement occupations (stages environment in which occurs byinmeans of airways or of life, time of and day,an duration, rhythm of activity, history) computers absence of physical contact (chat rooms, email, video conferencing, radio) initial step of the evaluation process that provides understanding of the natural and manmade environment andand the expectations objects in them constructed by presence, relationships persons, client's occupational history and experiences, patterns of of daily living, organizations, populations interests, values As wellproblems as problems and concerns about step in eval whichand theneeds. client assets, or potential problems are performing occupations. specifically identified. (performance skills, performance patterns, contexts, activity demands, and client factors)

a plan that will guide actions taken in collaboration with the client. Outcomes to be targeted are confirmed) 1. values, beliefs and spirituality 2.considered body functions 3. bodyorstructures principles, standards, or qualities desirableand by mental functions, sensory functions and pain,worthwhile neuromusculoskeletal the client who holds them movement related functions, cardiovascular, hematological, cognitive content held as true personal quest for understanding answers ultimate questions about immunological, respiratory functions, voice to and speech, digestive, life, about meaning, and the sacred metabolic, endocrine system, genitourinary and reproductive functions, skin anatomical parts of thedoes body, as organs, limbs, and their health promotion that notsuch assume disability, to provide enriched components that support body function contextual and activity experiences that will enhance performance for all persons in the natural contexts of life to to remediation, restoration; an intervention changethe client variables to provide supports that will allow clients preserve performance establish a skill ability to restore skill or ability thattheir has been impaired capabilities theyorhave regained, thata continue to meet occupational needs or both compensation: change the physical way client performs task, adaptation: change actual activity disabilitythe prevention, to address clients without a disability who are at risk for occupational problemsof muscles, passive: involuntary flexibility, active: performance voluntary contraction contraction of muscles. Low/Mid/Full maximal amount of force a muscle can exert in one contraction ability of whole to sustain rhythmic activitysubmaximal contractions the capacity of abody muscle to repeatedly perform to sustain an activity for a length of time combined activity of many muscles into smooth patterns and sequences of movement (cerebellum, basal ganglia)

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