SOME STRUCTURED POETIC FORMS AND THEIR SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS Poem type quatrains
rondeau
Meter not set: create it and stay consistent tends to be iambic
Rhyme Scheme ABAB or ABBA or ABCB or AABB (really, two couplets) two rhyming words: AABBA, AABR, AABBAR. ABA x 5 + ABAA
Number of Syllables/Line
Stanza Divisions
Special Features
Poems in This Form
Not set :create it and stay consistent (min. 6 syll/line) eight or ten
by four lines
five, four, six (three stanzas)
Refrain at end of stanzas 2 and 3 is first line, or part of it
“We Wear the Mask,” “In Flanders Fields”
between 8 and 11 (stick close to the number you choose-- + or -1) not set
5 tercets and a quatrain
stanzas tend to move theme from introduction to development to conclusion
“Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night”
by two lines (sometimes put together into larger groupings)
“The Alchemist”
“The River” “Richard Cory” (both)
villanelle
iambic
couplets
not set
AA BB CC etc.
ballad
not set, often iambic
Not set, often ABCB
not set
usually quatrains; chorus/refrain varies
elegy
not set
Not set
not set
not set
terza rima
iambic
ABA BCB CDC DED (to end of poem) FF
tercets and a couplet at the end
sonnet
iambic
ABAB CDCD EFEF GG
no specific length but usually even number, eight or ten ten
first twelve lines can be quatrains or the whole poem can be one stanza
The list is endless. See “Because I could not stop for Death”
to honor someone who has died; grief, admiration, consolation all lines the same length Couplet at end often sums up or surprises
“Acquainted With the Night” “Sonnet 29” and other Shakespearean sonnets
Other details to keep in mind
Work to create a consistent metrical rhythm
Don’t rely on slant rhyme— use it rarely if at all
Plus or minus 1 syllable per line requirement is my rule for this assignment
It is not necessary to make a stanza a whole idea (enjambment is OK)
Remember conceit, the use of related symbols, and the value of simile and metaphor, personification, and imagery