Structure And Function Of A Flower

Structure and Function of a Flower By: Vyom Maheshwari Class: 6-A Stock No. 10

Structure of a Flower       

Receptacle Sepal Calyx Petal Corolla Stamen Peduncle

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Carpel Pistil Stigma Style Ovary Ovule

Function of each part 

Peduncle : Flower stalk.

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Receptacle :Part of flower stalk bearing the floral organs, at base of flower. Sepal :Leaf-like structures at flower base, protects young flower bud. Calyx :All the sepals together form the calyx. Peta :lLocated in and above the sepals, often large and colourful, sometimes scented, sometimes producing nectar. Often serve to attract pollinators to the plant

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Corolla :All the petals together form the corolla. Stamen :Male part of the flower, consisting of the anther and filament, makes pollen grains. Filament :The stalk of the stamen which bears the anther.AntherThe pollen bearing portion of a stamen. Pollen :Grains containing the male gametes. Immature male gametophyte with a protective outer covering. C

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Carpel :PistilFemale part of the flower. Consisting of the stigma, style and ovary. Stigma :Often sticky top of carpel, serves as a receptive surface for pollen grains. Style :The stalk of a carpel, between the stigma and the ovary, through which the pollen tube grows. Ovary :Enlarged base of the carpel containing the ovule or ovules. The ovary matures to become a fruit. Ovule :Located in the ovaries. Carries female gametes. Ovules become seeds on fertilization.

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The sex of a flower can be described in three ways: Staminate flowers: Flowers bearing only male sex parts. These are sometime referred to as "male flowers". Carpellate\Pistillate Flowers: Flowers bearing only female sex parts. These are sometimes referred to as "female flowers". Hermaphhrodite\Complete flowers: Flowers bearing both male and female sex parts.

Function of a Flower 

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Flowering plants are the dominant type of plants on the earth today (there are about 250000 species). Flowers are therefore the most common plant organs for sexual reproduction. Flowers produce gametes (sex cells). Flowers play a key role in pollination. Pollination is the transfer of pollen (containing the male gametes), from the anther of a flower, to the stigma (receptive surface of the female part of the flower) of the same or a different flower.

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Flowers are sometimes associated with prominent, often brightly coloured leaves called bracts. In some instances (like in bougainvilleas, heliconias and ginger lillies), the bracts are even more colourful and outstanding than the flowers they surround.

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In the heliconia cultivar on the left, the large yellow and red structures are bracts, while the small yellow structures within them are the actual flowers.

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The yellow shrimp plant, has large, showy yellow bracts, and smaller white flowers.

Some Pictures Of Flowers