Storytelling In Lugano (2009.04.28)

www.tudor girba.com

Presenting in Lugano Tudor Gîrba www.tudorgirba.com

www.tudor girba.com

Roadmap

• Every talk must start with a roadmap • So: • • •

Introduction Example presentation Slides

•

• • • •

© Tudor Girba

Template

Audience Story More slides Conclusion

Lugano - April 28, 2009

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About this talk

• I used to be extremely afraid of speaking in public •

In fact, I was so afraid that I could hardly speak

because I had to speak, I spent a bit of time • But, thinking about it I will share with you some of my reflections on • Today, how to do presentations

•

© Tudor Girba

I am actually quite nervous to talk about it here

Lugano - April 28, 2009

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www.tudor girba.com

Roadmap

• Every talk must start with a roadmap • So: • • •

Introduction Example presentation Slides

•

• • • •

© Tudor Girba

Template

Audience Story More slides Conclusion

Lugano - April 28, 2009

4

www.tudor girba.com

Example presentation: Assessing your software systems with better tools Tudor Gîrba - www.tudorgirba.com

www.tudor girba.com

Roadmap

• Context • Software assessment • Problem • Challenges • Conclusions

© Tudor Girba

Lugano - April 28, 2009

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Context evolves continuously to meet ever changing • Software requirements

•

Lehmann Law: As a program evolves, it becomes more complex, and extra resources are needed to preserve and simplify its structure

of total effort in a successful project is spent • 50%-75% on maintenance

•

© Tudor Girba

Where maintenance means the period after the first release

Lugano - April 28, 2009

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www.tudor girba.com

Context evolves continuously to meet ever changing • Software requirements

•

Lehmann Law: As a program evolves, it becomes more complex, and extra resources are needed to preserve and simplify its structure

of total effort in a successful project is spent • 50%-75% on maintenance

•

© Tudor Girba

Where maintenance means the period after the first release

Lugano - April 28, 2009

7

Software assessment

www.tudor girba.com

need to assess the system to take informative • We decisions

•

The developer needs to know what and how to change when a change request comes his way

•

The architect needs to know if the code conforms to the overall architecture

• •

The manager needs to know the status of the project

© Tudor Girba

The client needs to know what happens in between releases

Lugano - April 28, 2009

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Problem

• Software is large and complex •

… and it contains lots of details that are not always relevant

• As systems evolve and as time pressure increases • • •

Quality drifts Documentation gets obsolete Knowledge gets lost

how to effectively understand all these • Problem: details?

© Tudor Girba

Lugano - April 28, 2009

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Techniques Engineering is the process of analyzing a • Reverse subject system

•

to identify the systemʼs components and their interrelationships and

•

create representations of the system in another form or at a higher level of abstraction

• There are many techniques: •

Metrics, visualization, queries …

need to combine techniques to obtain a complete • We picture

© Tudor Girba

Lugano - April 28, 2009

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Metrics

• Metrics compress the system into numbers • There are a large number of metrics available • Various aspects • • •

Size: LOC (lines of code), NOM (number of methods) … Complexity: CYCLO (McCabe cyclomatic complexity) ... Coupling, cohesion: TCC (tight class cohesion) …

• Numbers need to be interpreted and put in context

© Tudor Girba

Lugano - April 28, 2009

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Queries can encode known rules and they can be run • Queries automatically against the system to detect:

• •

Problems Places of interest

Strategies are metrics based rules to detect • Detection design flaws Class uses directly more than a few attributes of other classes ATFD > FEW

Functional complexity of the class is very high

AND

GodClass

WMC ! VERY HIGH

Class cohesion is low TCC < ONE THIRD

© Tudor Girba

Lugano - April 28, 2009

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www.tudor girba.com

Visualization

• Visualization encodes the system details into pictures are visual beings and we can obtain an overview of • We large amounts of information in one glimpse • Many visualizations are available •

Structure, relationships, …

• Visualizations can be combined with metrics

© Tudor Girba

Lugano - April 28, 2009

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Conclusions software is complex and presents many • Software details that are difficult to understand • We need to look at from multiple perspectives

• •

metrics, queries visualizations, etc. Moose is a platform for software analysis (http:// moose.unibe.ch)

• … but, software is an asset • Software needs to be approached in its entirety

© Tudor Girba

Lugano - April 28, 2009

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www.tudor girba.com

Roadmap

• Every talk must start with a roadmap • So: • • •

Introduction Example presentation Slides

•

• • • •

© Tudor Girba

Template

Audience Story More slides Conclusion

Lugano - April 28, 2009

15

www.tudor girba.com

Slides

• Every decent talk is accompanied by slides is difficult to read so, slides should not have more • Text than 6 first level bullets • The text should be no smaller than 12 pt • A good slide has an engaging design • Donʼt just use a standard design •

Show that you care

• Letʼs see what a good template is made of ... © Tudor Girba

Lugano - April 28, 2009

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The template in 4 steps

www.tudor girba.com

1. Align title to the left, and add logo to the top right • The logo should not be too large, but it should be visible at all time

•

Adding it to the right, makes it secondary in the visual hierarchy so that it is not compete with the rest of the text

2. Choose colors and style to match the corporate look 3. Delimit the title zone and readjust the style 4. Add footer • Slide number is important to let the audience know about the progress

• • © Tudor Girba

Add your name, just in case they forgot it Add the date and place of the presentation to show that it is customized for the situation Lugano - April 28, 2009

17

STOP

why are we here?

the talk is your

not slides

story the talk is your

presenting is storytelling www.tudorgirba.com

story = fairy tale

design

your story

audience? what is your

message message message

message

message

message

message

message

essage

message

message

message

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message message message

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message message message

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message message message

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message message message message

message

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message

message

message

message

message

one message

deliver one message

slides

slides are visual aids

slides are

visual

aids

Important sign 1. At this sign, stop, look around and proceed if no other car is coming your way. 2. Important!!!! The cars coming from the other directions will not have to stop. 3. This sign was put here by the authorities in charge. 4. This sign concerns vehicles only. Pedestrians should look at the signs dedicated to them. 5. This sign should not be touched or hindered in any way. Any violation is punishable according to the law.

STOP

Important sign

• • • • •

At this sign, stop, look around and proceed if no other car is coming your way. Important!!!! The cars coming from the other directions will not have to stop. This sign was put here by the authorities in charge. This sign concerns vehicles only. Pedestrians should look at the signs dedicated to them. This sign should not be touched or hindered in any way. Any violation is punishable according to the law.

STOP

d e l i a t de

effective

Important sign

• • • • •

At this sign, stop, look around and proceed if no other car is coming your way. Important!!!! The cars coming from the other directions will not have to stop. This sign was put here by the authorities in charge. This sign concerns vehicles only. Pedestrians should look at the signs dedicated to them. This sign should not be touched or hindered in any way. Any violation is punishable according to the law.

STOP

not all

details

are important

omit needless words

for sale: baby shoes, never worn Ernest Hemingway

design is not the abundance of simplicity it is the absence of complexity

emphasizing everything

IS emphasizing nothing

whitespace

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remove chart junk increase data ink

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fill it for a reason

slides are

not documents

projector = screen

s i y r o t s e th

n e e w t e b in

• • • • •

The more text there is on a slide, the more I will tend to speak it as it is written on the slide. But, you can read a text much faster than I can speak it. In such situations, my speech becomes noise as you rather prefer to just go ahead and read it by yourself. That is the reason why slides should not have text that competes with my speech, but rather be as visual as possible to complement it. I guess you are already reading this line while I am still somewhere in the middle of the text.

notes will set you free

• • • • •

http://www.iwm-kmrc.de/workshops/visualization/sweller.pdf

The more text there is on a slide, the more I will tend to speak it as it is written on the slide. But, you can read a text much faster than I can speak it. In such situations, my speech becomes noise as you rather prefer to just go ahead and read it by yourself. That is the reason why slides should not have text that competes with my speech, but rather be as visual as possible to complement it. I guess you are already reading this line while I am still somewhere in the middle of the text.

http://www.smh.com.au/news/technology/powerpoint-presentations-a-disaster/ 2007/04/03/1175366240499.html

One assumption is that slides must also carry the message in the absence of the speaker, and hence most of the content must be on the slides. The result is lots of bullet points and lots of text.

notes will set you free

However, lots of text competes with the spoken words because we can just read faster than we speak. And we want the audience to hear what we have to say. Another option is to put the text in the notes and provide slides with notes for as printouts.

if you must write, use

large fonts

ition

trans

slides are

visual

aids

slides are visual

aids

“too many minds” The Last Samurai

audience = friend

m o c . n e z n o i t a t n e s e r p . www

m o c . y g o l eo d i l s . w ww

www.tudorgirba.com/blog

m o c . d e t . www

what about

technical talks?

facts alone are boring

any fact has its own story

content

form

content

form

are you a

designer?

presenting is storytelling www.tudorgirba.com

assessing software systems

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metrics summarize the system LOC

148‘760

NOM

14‘915

NOC

2’089

CYCLO

30‘073

CALLS

151287

FANOUT

85909

AHH ...

0.12 ...

metrics summarize the system LOC

148‘760

NOM

14‘915

NOC

2’089

CYCLO

30‘073

CALLS

151287

FANOUT

85909

AHH ...

0.12 ...

queries detect outliers

God Class: ATFD > FEW & WMC >= VERY HIGH & TCC < 1/3

pictures tell thousands of words

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presenting is storytelling www.tudorgirba.com

Tudor Gîrba www.tudorgirba.com

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