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SULIT
PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH NEGERI KEDAH DARUL AMAN
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2009
4531/1
PHYSICS Kertas 1 1 1 jam 4
Satu jam lima belas minit
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU 1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa. 2. Soalan dalam bahasa Inggeris mendahului soalan yang sepadan dalam bahasa Melayu. 3. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman belakang kertas soalan ini.
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 35 halaman bercetak
SULIT
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Hot FM is transmitted with a frequency of 88.2 MHz. This frequency is equal to Hot FM dipancar dengan frekuensi 88.2 MHz. Frekuensi ini adalah sama dengan A B C D
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8.82 x 105 Hz 8.82 x 106 Hz 8.82 x 107 Hz 8.82 x 108 Hz
Diagram 1 shows a student holding a glass rod. Rajah 1 menunjukkan seorang pelajar memegang sebatang rod kaca.
Diagram 1 / Rajah 1 The best choice of measuring instruments to measure the length and diameter of the glass rod is Pilihan alat pengukur yang terbaik untuk mengukur panjang dan diameter rod kaca itu ialah Length / Panjang
Diameter / Diameter
A
Metre rule Pembaris meter
Vernier calipers Angkup vernier
B
Vernier calipers Angkup vernier
Micrometer screw gauge Tolok skru mikrometer
C
Vernier calipers Angkup vernier
Vernier calipers Angkup vernier
D
Metre rule Pembaris meter
Micrometer screw gauge Tolok skru mikrometer
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A student carries out an experiment where the variables are as follows: Manipulated variable : P Responding variable : Q Constant variable :R Which is the graph that should be drawn? Seorang pelajar menjalankan suatu eksperimen dengan pembolehubah seperti berikut: Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan : P Pembolehubah bergerak balas : Q Pembolehubah dimalarkan :R Graf manakah yang patut dilukis? A
B
P
0 C
D
0 4
0
Q
Q
R
R
P
Q
0
P
Diagram 2 shows two strips of ticker tapes which were attached to two moving trolleys X and Y. Rajah 2 menunjukkan dua pita detik yang dilekat pada dua buah troli X dan Y yang sedang bergerak. Trolley X / Troli X Trolley Y / Troli Y Diagram 2 / Rajah 2 Which statement is correct? Pernyataan yang manakah betul? A B C
The time taken by both trolleys are the same Masa yang diambil oleh kedua-dua troli adalah sama The distance travelled by both trolleys are the same Jarak dilalui oleh kedua-dua troli adalah sama The velocity of both trolleys are the same Halaju kedua-dua troli adalah sama
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Diagram 3 shows a velocity-time graph of a moving bicycle. Rajah 3 menunjukkan graf halaju-masa bagi sebuah basikal yang sedang bergerak. Velocity Halaju
X
Y
W
Time Masa
Diagram 3 / Rajah 3 Which statement describes the motion of the bicycle in the region WX and XY? Pernyataan yang manakah menerangkan pergerakan basikal tersebut dalam bahagian WX dan XY?
A B C D
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WX
XY
Increasing acceleration Pecutan bertambah Increasing acceleration Pecutan bertambah Zero acceleration Pecutan sifar Uniform acceleration Pecutan seragam
Decreasing acceleration Pecutan berkurang Uniform acceleration Pecutan seragam Uniform acceleration Pecutan seragam Zero acceleration Pecutan sifar
Which object moves with the largest acceleration? Objek yang manakah bergerak dengan pecutan paling besar? A
B
3N
9N
2 kg
3 kg
4N C
6N
2 kg
11 N
D
2N 1 kg 1N
4N
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Which vehicle has the largest momentum? Kenderaan manakah mempunyai momentum yang paling besar? [m = mass, v = velocity / m = jisim, v = halaju] A
B
m = 12 000 kg, v = 2 m s–1 C
D
m = 250 kg, v = 40 m s–1 8
m = 1800 kg, v = 30 m s–1
m = 1200 kg, v = 35 m s–1
Diagram 4 shows a force acting on an object. Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu daya bertindak pada suatu objek. Force Daya Diagram 4 / Rajah 4 The impulse given to the object is affected by Impuls yang diberikan kepada objek itu dipengaruhi oleh X : force / daya Y : time of impact / masa hentaman Z : mass of the object / jisim objek A B C D
X and Y only / X dan Y sahaja X and Y only / X dan Y sahaja X and Y only / X dan Y sahaja X, Y and Z / X, Y dan Z
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Diagram 5 shows an object at rest on a rough inclined plane. Rajah 5 menunjukkan satu objek dalam keadaan pegun di atas permukaan condong yang kasar. R F
θ
W
Diagram 5 / Rajah 5 Which relationship is correct? Hubungan yang manakah betul? A B C D 10
R = F cos q R = W sin q F = W cos q F = W sin q
Diagram 6 shows a toy car moving up a slope with constant velocity. Rajah 6 menunjukkan sebuah kereta mainan sedang mendaki permukaan condong dengan halaju malar.
Diagram 6 / Rajah 6 What happens to the kinetic energy and potential energy of the car? Apakah yang sedang berlaku kepada tenaga kinetik dan tenaga keupayaan kereta itu? Kinetic energy / Tenaga kinetik
Potential energy / Tenaga keupayaan
A
Increasing Bertambah
Increasing Bertambah
B
Decreasing Berkurang
Decreasing Berkurang
C
Constant Malar
Increasing Bertambah
D
Increasing Bertambah
Constant Malar
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Diagram 7 shows a graph of force against extension for an elastic string. Rajah 7 menunjukkan graf daya melawan pemanjangan bagi seutas tali kenyal. Force Daya X
Y
0
Z
Extension Pemanjangan
Diagram 7 / Rajah 7 The elastic potential energy of the string is represented by the Tenaga keupayaan kenyal tali tersebut diwakili oleh A B C D 12
area OXY / luas OXY area OYZ / luas OYZ area OXYZ / luas OXYZ gradient of OY / kecerunan bagi OY
Gas pressure in a closed container is due to the gas molecules Tekanan gas di dalam sebuah bekas bertutup adalah disebabkan oleh molekul gas A B C D
moving randomly bergerak secara rawak moving with equal speed bergerak dengan halaju yang sama colliding with one another berlanggar sesama sendiri colliding with the walls of the container berlanggar dengan dinding bekas
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Diagram 8 shows liquid X and liquid Y in glass tubes. Rajah 8 menunjukkan cecair X dan cecair Y di dalam tiub kaca.
Density of X = 800 kg m–3 Ketumpatan X = 800 kg m–3 S
Density of Y = 1 000 kg m–3 Ketumpatan Y = 1 000 kg m–3 T
PS = pressure at S PS = tekanan di S
PT = pressure at T PT = tekanan di T
Diagram 8 / Rajah 8 Which statement is correct? Pernyataan manakah betul? A B C D
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PS = PT because S and T are at the same depth PS = PT sebab S dan T berada pada kedalaman yang sama PS = PT because S and T are at the same level PS = PT sebab S dan T berada pada aras yang sama PS < PT because the density of X is less than the density of Y PS < PT sebab ketumpatan X lebih kecil daripada ketumpatan Y PS > PT because S is nearer to the bottom of the tube PS > PT sebab S lebih dekat kepada dasar tiub
Diagram 9 shows a manometer used to measure the pressure of the gas in the container. Rajah 9 menunjukkan sebuah manometer digunakan untuk mengukur tekanan gas dalam sebuah bekas.
Gas Gas 24 cm
Diagram 9 / Rajah 9
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Which statement is true about the pressure of the gas in the container if the atmospheric pressure is 76.0 cm Hg? Pernyataan yang manakah adalah benar mengenai tekanan gas di dalam bekas itu jika tekanan atmosfera adalah 76.0 cm Hg? A B C D
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The gas pressure is zero Tekanan gas adalah sifar The gas pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure Tekanan gas adalah sama dengan tekanan atmosfera The gas pressure is 24.0 cm Hg more than atmospheric pressure Tekanan gas adalah 24.0 cm Hg lebih daripada tekanan atmosfera The gas pressure is 24.0 cm Hg less than atmospheric pressure Tekanan gas adalah 24.0 cm Hg kurang daripada tekanan atmosfera.
Diagram 10 shows a crane lifting a concrete beam. Rajah 10 menunjukkan sebuah kren mengangkat alang konkrit. Piston Omboh
Diagram 10 / Rajah 10 What principle is used to move the piston at the arm of the crane? Apakah prinsip yang digunakan untuk menggerakkan omboh pada lengan kren itu? A B C
Pascal's principle / Prinsip Pascal Archimedes' principle / Prinsip Archimedes Bernoulli's principle / Prinsip Bernoulli
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Which situation occurs due to atmospheric pressure? Situasi yang manakah berlaku disebabkan tekanan atmosfera? A
Dented ping pong ball becomes round again when immersed in hot water Bola ping pong yang kemek menjadi bulat semula apabila direndam dalam air panas
B
Pouring water out of a bottle Menuang air keluar daripada botol
C
Pressing icing onto a cake Menekan aising pada kek
D
Sucking water into a syringe Menyedut air ke dalam picagari
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Diagram 11 shows the cross-section of an iceberg floating on the surface of the sea. Rajah 11 menunjukkan keratan rentas sebuah bongkah ais terapung di permukaan laut. Iceberg Bongkah ais Sea level Aras laut
Diagram 11 / Rajah 11 Which statement is correct? Pernyataan yang manakah betul? A
Weight of iceberg = Weight of sea water displaced Berat bongkah ais = Berat air laut tersesar
B
Volume of iceberg = Volume of sea water displaced Isipadu bongkah ais = Isipadu air laut tersesar
C
Density of iceberg = Density of sea water displaced Ketumpatan bongkah ais = Ketumpatan air laut tersesar
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Which diagram shows the correct water levels when water flows steadily through the glass tube? Rajah manakah menunjukkan aras air yang betul apabila air mengalir secara mantap melalui tiub kaca itu? A
from tap dari pili air
to sink ke sinki Glass tube / Tiub kaca
B
from tap dari pili air
to sink ke sinki Glass tube / Tiub kaca
C
from tap dari pili air
to sink ke sinki Glass tube / Tiub kaca
D
from tap dari pili air
to sink ke sinki Glass tube / Tiub kaca
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Diagram 12 shows cold milk being added to hot tea. Rajah 12 menunjukkan susu sejuk ditambahkan kepada teh panas.
Diagram 12 / Rajah 12 Which statement is correct if there are no heat losses to the surroundings? Pernyataan yang manakah betul jika tiada haba hilang ke persekitaran? A
Heat gained by cold milk is less than heat lost by hot tea Penerimaan haba oleh susu sejuk adalah kurang daripada kehilangan haba oleh teh panas
B
Heat gained by cold milk is greater than heat lost by hot tea Penerimaan haba oleh susu sejuk adalah lebih banyak daripada kehilangan haba oleh teh panas
C
Heat gained by cold milk is equal to heat lost by hot tea Penerimaan haba oleh susu sejuk adalah sama dengan kehilangan haba oleh teh panas
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Diagram 13 shows a metal cylinder of mass 5.0 kg and specific heat capacity 400 J kg–1 oC–1. Rajah 13 menunjukkan satu silinder logam berjisim 5.0 kg dan muatan haba tentu 400 J kg–1 oC–1. 1 000 W heater Pemanas 1000 W
Thermometer Termometer
Metal cylinder Silinder logam
Diagram 13 / Rajah 13 What is the temperature rise of the cylinder 10 seconds after the heater is switched on? Berapakah kenaikan suhu silinder itu 10 saat selepas pemanas itu dihidupkan? A B C D
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0.20 oC 0.80 oC 1.25 oC 5.00 oC
Diagram14 shows the arm of a person being splashed by boiling water and the arm of another person being exposed to steam. Both the hot water and steam have the same mass. Rajah 14 menunjukkan tangan seorang disimbah air panas and tangan seorang lain yang terdedah kepada stim. Kedua-dua air panas dan stim mempunyai jisim yang sama.
Boiling water Air mendidih
Steam Stim
Diagram 14 / Rajah 14 The scalding on the skin caused by steam is more serious than the scalding caused by boiling water because Kelecuran kulit yang disebabkan oleh stim lebih serius daripada kelecuran kulit yang disebabkan oleh air mendidih sebab
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P : steam has a higher temperature / stim mempunyai suhu yang lebih tinggi Q : steam has a higher heat content / stim mengandungi lebih banyak haba R : steam has a higher specific heat capacity / stim mempunyai muatan haba tentu yang lebih tinggi A B C D 22
P only / P sahaja Q only / Q sahaja P and Q only / P dan Q sahaja P, Q and R / P, Q dan R.
Which graph shows the relationship between the volume and absolute temperature of a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure? Graf yang manakah menunjukkan hubungan antara isipadu dan suhu mutlak bagi satu jisim tetap gas pada tekanan malar? A
B 3
V / m3
V/m
0
0
T/K
C
T/K
D V / m3
0
V / m3
T/K
0
T/K
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Diagram 15(a) shows an air bubble released by a diver at the bottom of the sea. Diagram 15(b) shows the air bubble when it arrives at the surface of the sea. Rajah 15(a) menunjukkan satu gelembung udara dilepaskan oleh seorang penyelam di dasar laut. Rajah 15(b) menunjukkan gelembung udara itu apabila tiba di permukaan laut Surface of the sea Permukaan laut
Air bubble Gelembung udara
(a)
Air bubble Gelembung udara (b) Diagram 15 / Rajah 15
The difference in the size of the air bubble can be explained by Perbezaan dalam saiz gelembung udara itu boleh diterangkan oleh A B C 24
Boyle's law / hukum Boyle Charles' law / hukum Charles Pressure law / hukum tekanan
Diagram 16 shows an object in front of a convex lens and its image. Rajah 16 menunjukkan suatu objek di hadapan sebuah kanta cembung dan imejnya. 10 cm Object Objek
Image Imej 30 cm
Diagram 16 / Rajah 16 What is the focal length of the lens? Berapakah panjang fokus kanta itu? A B C D
20.00 cm 7.50 cm 6.67 cm 0.15 cm
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Diagram 17 shows parallel light rays directed at the surface of a concave mirror. Rajah 17 menunjukkan sinar cahaya selari ditujukan ke permukaan cermin cekung.
Diagram 17 / Rajah 17 Which diagram shows the path of the rays after striking the mirror? Rajah yang manakah menunjukkan lintasan cahaya selepas terkena cermin itu? A
B
C
D
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Diagram 18 shows light travelling from glass to air. Rajah 18 menunjukkan cahaya merambat dari kaca ke udara.
Air Udara
p q t s
Glass Kaca
Diagram 18 / Rajah 18 The refractive index of glass is Indeks biasan kaca ialah A
sin s sin p
B
sin p sin s
C
sin t sin q
D
sin q sin t
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Diagram 19 shows a light ray travelling in medium P towards medium Q. The refractive index of P is higher than the refractive index of Q. Rajah 19 menunjukkan satu sinar cahaya yang bergerak dalam medium P menuju ke medium Q. Indeks biasan P lebih tinggi daripada indeks biasan Q. Q P
Diagram 19 / Rajah 19 Which diagram shows a possible path of the light ray? Rajah manakah menunjukkan lintasan sinar cahaya yang mungkin betul? Q
A P
B
Q P
C Q P
D
Q P
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An astronomical telescope has an eyepiece of focal length 5 cm. The distance between the objective lens and the eyepiece is 85 cm. What is the magnifying power of the telescope? Sebuah teleskop astronomi mempunyai kanta mata dengan panjang fokus 5 cm. Jarak antara kanta objek dan kanta mata ialah 85 cm. Berapakah kuasa pembesaran teleskop itu? A B C D
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16 17 80 90
Diagram 20 shows a transverse wave propagating from P to Q. Rajah 20 menunjukkan suatu gelombang melintang yang merambat dari P ke Q.
Q
P Diagram 20 / Rajah 20
Which is the correct direction of vibration and the direction of energy transfer between P and Q? Manakah arah getaran dan arah pemindahan tenaga yang betul antara P dan Q? Direction of vibration Arah getaran A B C D
Direction of energy transfer Arah pemindahan tenaga
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Diagram 21 shows the propagation of water waves from region X to Y. Rajah 21 menunjukkan perambatan gelombang air dari kawasan X ke Y. X
Y
vX = speed of wave in X / laju gelombang di X vY = speed of wave in Y / laju gelombang di Y
vX vY
Diagram 21 / Rajah 21 Which is the correct comparison of the wave speed and depth of water in X and Y? Perbandingan yang manakah betul bagi laju gelombang dan kedalaman air di X dan Y? Wave speed / Laju gelombang
Depth of water / Kedalaman air
A
vX > vY
X>Y
B
vX > vY
X
C
vX < vY
X>Y
D
vX < vY
X
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Diagram 22 shows a toy boat behind a barrier in a ripple tank. Rajah 22 menunjukkan sebuah bot mainan di belakang suatu halangan di dalam sebuah tangki riak.
Boat Bot
Concrete barrier Halangan konkrit
Diagram 22 / Rajah 22 The boat moves up and down after the waves pass the barrier. This is due to ..………… of the water waves. Bot itu bergerak ke atas dan ke bawah selepas gelombang itu melalui halangan. Ini disebabkan oleh …………… gelombang air. A B C D 32
reflection / pantulan refraction / pembiasan diffraction / pembelauan interference / interferens
Which is not a property of an electromagnetic wave? Yang manakah bukan ciri gelombang elektromagnet? A B C D
It is a transverse wave / Ia adalah gelombang melintang It is a longitudinal wave / Ia adalah gelombang membujur It can travel through vacuum / Ia boleh bergerak melalui vakum It can travel through air / Ia boleh bergerak melalui udara
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Diagram 23 shows the superposition of two water waves. Rajah 23 menunjukkan superposisi dua gelombang air.
P
Q
Crest / Puncak Trough / Palung
R
S
Diagram 23 / Rajah 23 At which points do constructive interference occur? Di titik manakah interferens membina berlaku? A B C D 34
P and Q / P dan Q Q and R / Q dan R R and S / R dan S P and S / P dan S
Someone can be heard coming round a corner of a building before he can be seen. Which statement best explains the above situation? Seseorang yang datang dari sebalik penjuru bangunan boleh didengar sebelum dia boleh dilihat. Pernyataan manakah paling sesuai untuk menerangkan situasi di atas? A
Light travels faster than sound Cahaya bergerak lebih laju dari bunyi
B
Sound travels faster than light Bunyi bergerak lebih laju dari cahaya
C
Light is refracted less by air compared to sound Cahaya kurang dibiaskan oleh udara berbanding bunyi
D
Sound has a longer wavelength than light Bunyi mempunyai panjang gelombang yang lebih besar dari cahaya
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Which voltage-current graph shows that resistance increases when current increases? Graf voltan-arus yang manakah menunjukkan rintangan bertambah apabila arus bertambah? A Voltage Voltan
B Voltage Voltan
Current Arus
0 C
D
Voltage Voltan
Voltage Voltan
Current Arus
0
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0
Current Arus
0
Current Arus
Diagram 24 shows current flowing through two resistors in series. A1 and A2 are ammeters while V1 and V2 are voltmeters. Rajah 24 menunjukkan arus mengalir melalui dua perintang yang disambung sesiri. A1 dan A2 adalah ammeter manakala V1 dan V2 adalah voltmeter.
A1
V1
V2
5Ω
10 Ω
A2
Diagram 24 / Rajah 24 Which is the correct comparison of the ammeter and voltmeter readings? Perbandingan yang manakah benar tentang bacaan ammeter dan voltmeter?
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Ammeter reading / Bacaan ammeter
Voltmeter reading / Bacaan voltmeter
A
A1 < A2
V1 < V2
B
A1 > A2
V1 > V2
C
A1 = A2
V1 = V2
D
A1 = A2
V1 < V2
Diagram 25 shows a circuit in which the cell has internal resistance. Rajah 25 menunjukkan suatu litar di mana sel itu mempunyai rintangan dalam. V
E,r
A
Diagram 25 / Rajah 25 What are the changes in the reading of the ammeter and voltmeter when the resistance of the rheostat is decreased? Apakah perubahan bacaan ammeter dan voltmeter apabila rintangan rheostat dikurangkan? Ammeter reading / Bacaan ammeter
Voltmeter reading / Bacaan voltmeter
A
Increases / Bertambah
Increases / Bertambah
B
Increases / Bertambah
Decreases / Berkurang
C
Decreases / Berkurang
Increases / Bertambah
D
Decreases / Berkurang
Decreases / Berkurang
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Diagram 26 shows the readings of an ammeter and voltmeter connected to a resistor. Rajah 26 menunjukkan bacaan ammeter dan voltmeter yang disambung kepada suatu perintang.
V A
Diagram 26 / Rajah 26 Calculate the power released by the resistor. Hitung kuasa yang dibebaskan pada perintang itu. A B C D 39
0.72 W 7.20 W 8.00 W 19.20 W
Diagram 27 shows a compass near a straight wire XY. Rajah 27 menunjukkan sebuah kompas berhampiran dengan dawai lurus XY. N
K X
W
E S
Compass Kompas
Y Diagram 27 / Rajah 27 Where should the compass be placed such that it will point to the East when K is switched on? Di manakah kompas itu harus diletakkan supaya ia menunjuk ke Timur apabila K dihidupkan? A B C D
Above wire XY / Di atas dawai XY Below wire XY / Di bawah dawai XY To the left of wire XY / Di sebelah kiri dawai XY To the right of wire XY / Di sebelah kanan dawai XY
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Diagram 28 shows a current-carrying wire between the poles of a pair of permanent magnets. What is the direction of the magnetic force on the wire? Rajah 28 menunjukkan seutas dawai yang membawa arus di antara kutub-kutub sepasang magnet kekal. Apakah arah daya magnet pada dawai itu? Wire / Dawai A D N
B
S
C Current / Arus Diagram 28 / Rajah 28 41
Diagram 29 shows a bar magnet being pushed towards a solenoid. Rajah 29 menunjukkan sebatang magnet bar ditolak ke arah sebuah solenoid.
Bar magnet / Magnet bar
N
Diagram 29 / Rajah 29 P : Induced e.m.f. / D.g.e. teraruh Q : Induced current / Arus teraruh R : Magnetic field / Medan magnet What is produced by the solenoid? Apakah yang dihasilkan oleh solenoid? A B C D
P only / P sahaja Q only / Q sahaja P and Q / P dan Q P, Q and R / P, Q dan R
S
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Which circuit shows voltage being stepped up? Litar manakah menunjukkan voltan diinjak naik?
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A
B
C
D
In a model of transmission of electricity, 24 W of power is transmitted at 48 V using cables with a resistance of 2 Ω. What is the current in the cables and the power loss? Dalam suatu model penghantaran elektrik, kuasa 24 W dihantar pada 48 V menggunakan kabel dengan rintangan 2 Ω. Berapakah arus dalam kabel dan kehilangan kuasa? Current in the cables / Arus dalam kabel
Power loss / Kehilangan kuasa
A
0.5 A
0.5 W
B
0.5 A
1.0 W
C
2.0 A
4.0 W
D
2.0 A
8.0 W
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Diagram 30 shows a waveform on cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) screen. Rajah 30 menunjukkan suatu bentuk gelombang pada suatu skrin osiloskop sinar katod (OSK) 1 cm
1 cm
Diagram 30 / Rajah 30 If the Y-input of CRO is set at 5.0 V cm–1, what is the peak voltage? Jika input-Y pada OSK dilaraskan pada 5.0 V cm–1, berapakah voltan puncaknya? A B C D 45
20.0 V 10.0 V 5.0 V 2.0 V
Diagram 31 shows a circuit where the bulb does not light up. Rajah 31 menunjukkan litar di mana mentol tidak menyala. 6V
Diagram 31 / Rajah 31 Which step will make the bulb light up? Langkah manakah akan menyalakan mentol? A
Inserting a fuse in the circuit Memasang fius
B
Reversing the battery connection Menyongsangkan sambungan bateri
C
Changing the power supply to a 3 V battery Menukar bekalan kuasa kepada bateri 3 V
D
Reversing the bulb connection Menyongsangkan sambungan mentol
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In which circuit will the bulb light up when switch S is closed? Dalam litar manakah mentol akan menyala apabila suis S ditutup? S
A
S
B
2 kΩ 1 kΩ
6V
10 kΩ
2 kΩ
S
C
S
D
2 kΩ
2 kΩ 1 kΩ
1 kΩ
6V
10 kΩ
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1 kΩ
6V
6V
10 kΩ
Diagram 32 shows a logic gate circuit. Rajah 32 menunjukkan litar get logik. X Y Z
Diagram 32 / Rajah 32 Which truth table is correct? Jadual kebenaran yang manakah betul? A
B X 0 0 1 1
Y 0 1 0 1
Z 0 0 1 1
X 0 0 1 1
C Y 0 1 0 1
Z 1 0 0 1
X 0 0 1 1
D Y 0 1 0 1
Z 1 0 1 0
X 0 0 1 1
Y 0 1 0 1
Z 1 1 0 0
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X is a nuclide with nuclide notation 137 X . Another nuclide Y has 2 protons and 3 neutrons more than X. What is the nuclide notation for Y? X ialah nuklida dengan notasi nuklida 137 X . Suatu nuklida yang lain Y mempunyai 2 proton dan 3 neutron lebih daripada X. Apakah notasi nuklida bagi Y?
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A
13 9
Y
B
16 9
Y
C
18 9
Y
D
18 10
Y
Diagram 33 shows a graph of activity against time for a radioactive sample. Rajah 33 menunjukkan graf aktiviti melawan masa untuk satu sampel radioaktif. Activity / counts per minute Aktiviti / pembilangan per minit 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Time / minutes Masa / minit
Diagram 33 / Rajah 33 Which statement is correct? Pernyataan yang manakah benar? A
The half life is 20 minutes Separuh hayat bahan itu ialah 20 minit
B
After 30 minutes, 25% of the sample have not decayed Selepas 30 minit, 25% daripada sampel itu belum mereput
C
After 45 minutes, the activity will be 100 counts per minute Selepas 45 minit, aktiviti akan menjadi 100 pembilangan per minit
D
The activity will become zero after a few days Aktiviti akan berkurang ke sifar selepas beberapa hari
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50
A chain reaction can occur in a reactor because during nuclear fission Tindak balas berantai boleh berlaku di dalam sebuah reaktor sebab semasa pembelahan nuklear A B C D
new neutrons are produced / neutron baru dihasilkan two fission fragments are produced / dua serpihan belahan dihasilkan a large amount of energy is released / tenaga yang banyak dibebaskan the temperature is very high / suhu adalah sangat tinggi
END OF QUESTION PAPER KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
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INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON 1.
This question paper consists of 50 questions. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 50 soalan.
2.
Answer all questions. Jawab semua soalan.
3.
Each question is followed by either three or four options. Choose the best option for each question and blacken the correct space on the answer sheet. Tiap-tiap soalan diikuti oleh sama ada tiga atau empat pilihan jawapan. Pilih satu jawapan yang terbaik bagi setiap soalan dan hitamkan ruangan yang betul pada kertas jawapan anda.
4.
Blacken only one space for each question. Hitamkan satu ruangan sahaja bagi setiap soalan.
5.
If you wish to change your answer, erase the blackened mark that you have made. Then blacken the space for the new answer. Sekiranya anda hendak menukar jawapan, padamkan tanda yang telah dibuat. Kemudian hitamkan jawapan yang baru.
6.
The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless stated. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.
7.
You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram
8.
A list of formulae is provided on page 2. Satu senarai formula disediakan di halaman 2.
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1
SULIT NO. KAD PENGENALAN ANGKA GILIRAN NAMA: …….…………......…….............……..………. TINGKATAN: …….....………
PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH NEGERI KEDAH DARUL AMAN
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2009
4531/2
PHYSICS Kertas 2 1 2 jam 2
Dua jam tiga puluh minit
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU 1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa. 2. Soalan dalam bahasa Inggeris mendahului soalan yang sepadan dalam bahasa Melayu. 3. Calon dibenarkan menjawab keseluruhan atau sebahagian soalan sama ada dalam bahasa Inggeris atau bahasa Melayu. 4. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman belakang kertas soalan ini.
Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa Markah Markah Bahagian Soalan Penuh Diperoleh 1 2 3 4 A 5 6 7 8 9 B 10 11 C 12 Jumlah
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 30 halaman bercetak SULIT
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4 Section A Bahagian A [60 marks] Answer all questions in this section. Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
1
Diagram 1.1 shows an electrical measuring instrument. Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan sebuah alat pengukur elektrik.
Diagram 1.1 / Rajah 1.1 (a)
(i)
(ii)
What is the physical quantity measured by this instrument? Apakah kuantiti fizik yang diukur oleh alat ini? …...................................................................................................................... [1 mark] Name the error found on this instrument. Namakan ralat yang terdapat pada alat ini. …...................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
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5 (b)
Diagram 1.2 shows two instruments, X and Y, that can be used to measure the thickness of a wire. Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan dua alat pengukur, X dan Y, yang boleh digunakan untuk menentukan ketebalan seutas dawai.
X
Y
Diagram 1.2 / Rajah 1.2 (i)
(ii)
Which instrument is more suitable to measure the thickness of the wire? Alat pengukur yang manakah lebih sesuai untuk mengukur ketebalan dawai itu? …...................................................................................................................... [1 mark] State one reason for your answer in 1(b)(i). Nyatakan satu sebab bagi jawapan anda di 1(b)(i). …...................................................................................................................... …...................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
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6 2
Diagram 2 shows ice melting in a glass. The initial mass of the ice is 0.20 kg. Rajah 2 menunjukkan ais melebur di dalam sebuah gelas. Jisim awal ais itu ialah 0.20 kg. Thermometer / termometer
Ice / Ais
Diagram 2 / Rajah 2 (a)
Explain in terms of energy why the reading of the thermometer, Terangkan dalam sebutan tenaga mengapa bacaan termometer itu, (i)
(ii)
remains constant for the first 20 minutes. kekal malar untuk 20 minit yang pertama. …...................................................................................................................... [1 mark] increases after 20 minutes. meningkat selepas 20 minit.
…...................................................................................................................... [1 mark] (b) Calculate the heat absorbed by the ice during the first 20 minutes. [Specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.36 x 105 J kg–1] Hitungkan haba yang diserap oleh ais itu semasa 20 minit yang pertama. [Haba pendam tentu pelakuran ais = 3.36 x 105 J kg–1]
[2 marks]
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7 (c)
Which statement correctly describes the water in the glass after it is left for a few hours. Mark ( ) in the correct box. Pernyataan manakah yang memerihalkan dengan betul tentang air dalam gelas itu selepas dibiarkan selama beberapa jam. Tanda ( ) pada kotak yang betul. There is no transfer of energy between the water and the surroundings Tiada pemindahan tenaga antara air dan persekitaran There is no net transfer of energy between the water and the surroundings Tiada pemindahan bersih tenaga antara air dan persekitaran [1 mark]
3
Diagram 3 shows a block of concrete being lowered to the bottom of a lake. The volume of the block is 2.5 m3 and its weight is 125 000 N. The density of the water in the lake is 1 010 kg m–3. Rajah 3 menunjukkan satu bongkah konkrit diturunkan ke dasar sebuah tasik. Isipadu bongkah itu ialah 2.5 m3 dan beratnya ialah 125 000 N. Ketumpatan air dalam tasik itu ialah 1 010 kg m–3.
T
Water Air
Concrete block Bongkah konkrit
Diagram 3 / Rajah 3 (a)
State the SI unit for pressure. Nyatakan unit SI bagi tekanan. ……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(b)
State one factor that affects the pressure at a point below the surface of a liquid. Nyatakan satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tekanan pada satu titik di bawah permukaan cecair. ……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
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8 (c)
(i)
Calculate the weight of the water displaced by the block. Hitungkan berat air yang disesarkan oleh bongkah itu.
(ii)
Calculate the tension, T, in the cable. Hitungkan tegangan, T, dalam kabel itu.
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
4
Diagram 4.1 shows a transistor circuit for an alarm which is activated by heat. Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan satu litar transistor bagi penggera yang diaktifkan oleh haba.
T 1 kΩ
IB
6V
R
Diagram 4.1 / Rajah 4.1 (a)
Name the component T. Namakan komponen T. ……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
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9 (b)
Complete the following sentences by underlining the correct word. Lengkapkan ayat-ayat berikut dengan menggariskan perkataan yang betul. When T is heated up, its resistance ( decreases / increases ). The base current, IB ( decreases / increases ) to switch on the transistor and light up the bulb. Apabila T dipanaskan, rintangannya ( berkurang / bertambah ). Arus tapak, IB ( berkurang / bertambah ) untuk menghidupkan transistor dan menyalakan mentol. [2 marks]
(c)
Diagram 4.2 shows the trace produced by an alternating current signal on the screen of a cathode ray oscilloscope. The time base of the oscilloscope is set at 0.02 s per division. Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan satu surih yang dihasilkan oleh satu isyarat arus ulangalik pada skrin sebuah osiloskop sinar katod. Dasar masa osiloskop itu ditetapkan pada 0.02 s per bahagian.
Diagram 4.2 / Rajah 4.2 (i)
(ii)
Diagram 4.3 / Rajah 4.3
What is the period of the alternating current signal? Berapakah tempoh bagi isyarat arus ulangalik itu? …...................................................................................................................... [1 mark] Calculate the frequency of the alternating current signal. Hitung frekuensi bagi isyarat arus ulangalik itu.
[2 marks] (iii) On Diagram 4.3, draw the trace produced when the frequency of the alternating current signal is doubled. Pada Rajah 4.3, lukis surih yang dihasilkan apabila frekuensi isyarat arus ulangalik itu menjadi dua kali ganda. [1 mark]
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10 5
Diagram 5.1 shows a ray of light entering from air into water. Diagram 5.2 shows a ray of light entering from air into glass. Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan satu sinar cahaya bergerak dari udara ke dalam air. Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan satu sinar cahaya bergerak dari udara ke dalam kaca.
Water Air
Glass Kaca
Diagram 5.1 / Rajah 5.1 (a)
(i)
Diagram 5.2 / Rajah 5.2
Compare the speed of light in water with the speed of light in air. Banding laju cahaya dalam air dengan laju cahaya dalam udara. …...................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
(ii)
Compare the speed of light in glass with the speed of light in air. Banding laju cahaya dalam kaca dengan laju cahaya dalam udara. …...................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
(iii) State the relationship between the speed of light in a medium and the direction of bending of light in that medium. Nyatakan hubungan antara laju cahaya dalam suatu medium dan arah pembengkokannya dalam medium itu. …...................................................................................................................... [1 mark] (iv) Name the phenomenon shown in Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2. Namakan fenomena yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2. …...................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
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11 (b)
Diagram 5.3 shows a point P at the bottom of a swimming pool appears to be at the point Q to the observer. Rajah 5.3 menunjukkan satu titik P pada dasar satu kolam renang kelihatan pada titik Q kepada pemerhati itu. Observer Pemerhati
1.2 m 1.6 m Q P
Diagram 5.3 / Rajah 5.3 (i)
Complete Diagram 5.3 by drawing light rays to show how the image of the point P is seen at Q. Lengkapkan Rajah 5.3 dengan melukis sinar cahaya untuk menunjukkan bagaimana imej titik P kelihatan pada titik Q. [2 marks]
(ii)
Calculate the refractive index of the water in the swimming pool. Hitung indeks biasan air dalam kolam renang itu.
[2 marks]
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12 6
Diagram 6.1 shows the activity of a radioactive substance X and a radioactive substance Y being measured by a Geiger-Muller tube connected to a ratemeter. Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan aktiviti bahan radioaktif X dan bahan radioaktif Y diukur oleh tiub Geiger-Muller yang disambung kepada meter kadar. G-M tube Tiub G-M
Ratemeter Meter kadar
Radioactive substance X Bahan radioaktif X
G-M tube Tiub G-M
Ratemeter Meter kadar
Radioactive substance Y Bahan radioaktif Y
Diagram 6.1 / Rajah 6.1 Diagram 6.2 shows the decay curves obtained for radioactive substance X and radioactive substance Y. Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan lengkungan pereputan yang diperoleh bagi bahan radioaktif X dan bahan radioaktif Y.
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13 Activity / Counts per minute Aktiviti / Pembilangan per minit 800 700 600 500 400 X
300
Y 200 100 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Time / minutes Masa / minit
Diagram 6.2 / Rajah 6.2 (a)
What is the meaning of half life? Apakah maksud separuh hayat? ……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(b)
Based on the decay curves in Diagram 6.2, Berdasarkan lengkungan-lengkungan pereputan dalam Rajah 6.2, (i)
State the half life of radioactive substance X and radioactive substance Y. Nyatakan separuh hayat bagi bahan radioaktif X dan bahan radioaktif Y. X
:
.................................
Y
:
................................. [2 marks]
(ii)
For radioactive substance X and radioactive substance Y, what percentage remains undecayed after 10 minutes? Bagi bahan radioaktif X dan bahan radioaktif Y, berapa peratuskah yang belum mereput selepas 10 minit? X
:
.................................
Y
:
................................. [2 marks]
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14 (c)
Based on the answers to 6(b)(i) and 6(b)(ii), compare the decay rates of radioactive substance X and radioactive substance Y. Hence state the relationship between decay rate and half life. Berdasarkan jawapan-jawapan kepada 6(b)(i) dan 6(b)(ii), banding kadar pereputan bagi bahan radioaktif X dan bahan radioaktif Y. Seterusnya, nyatakan hubungan antara kadar pereputan dan separuh hayat. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]
(d)
Give a reason why the readings of the ratemeters did not drop to zero after radioactive substance X and radioactive substance Y were removed. Beri satu sebab mengapa bacaan-bacaan meter kadar itu tidak kembali ke sifar selepas bahan radioaktif X dan bahan radioaktif Y dikeluarkan. ……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
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15 7
Diagram 7 shows an electric motor lifting a 2.0 kg load. When the motor is switched on, the load moved through a height of 1.5 m in 2.5 s with constant speed. The current flowing in the circuit is 1.7 A and the potential difference across the motor is 10.0 V. Rajah 7 menunjukkan sebuah motor elektrik sedang mengangkat satu beban 2.0 kg. Apabila motor itu dihidupkan, beban itu bergerak melalui ketinggian 1.5 m dalam 2.5 s dengan laju malar. Arus yang mengalir dalam litar ialah 1.7 A dan beza keupayaan merentasi motor itu ialah 10.0 V. Motor Motor Axle Gandar
Diagram 7 / Rajah 7 (a)
(b)
State the changes in energy that occur when the motor is switched on. Nyatakan perubahan tenaga yang berlaku apabila motor itu dihidupkan. ……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark] Calculate, Hitung, (i) the electrical power supplied when the motor is lifting the load. kuasa elektrik yang dibekalkan semasa motor itu mengangkat beban.
[2 marks] (ii)
the output power of the motor when the load moved through a height of 1.5 m in 2.5 s. kuasa output motor apabila beban itu melalui ketinggian 1.5 m dalam 2.5 s.
[2 marks]
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16 (iii) the efficiency of the electric motor. kecekapan motor itu.
[2 marks]
(c)
If some of the load is removed while the motor is still lifting the load, what change is observed on the ammeter? Explain your answer. Jika sebahagian daripada beban dikeluarkan semasa motor itu mengangkat beban, apakah perubahan yang diperhatikan pada ammeter? Jelaskan jawapan anda ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]
(d)
Suggest one way to increase the efficiency of the motor. Cadangkan satu cara untuk menambah kecekapan motor itu. ……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
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17 8
Diagram 8 shows the graph of force against extension for three springs P, Q and R. Rajah 8 menunjukkan graf daya melawan pemanjangan bagi tiga spring P, Q dan R. Force / N Daya / N
120 Q
100
P
80
R
60
40
20
0
2
4
6
Diagram 8 / Rajah 8 (a)
(i)
8
10
12
Extension / cm Pemanjangan / cm
A law states that the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied if the elastic limit of the spring is not exceeded. Name this law. Suatu hukum menyatakan bahawa pemanjangan seutas spring adalah berkadar terus dengan daya yang dikenakan jika had kenyal tidak dilebihi. Nyatakan hukum ini. …...................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
(ii)
On the graph in Diagram 8, mark ' X ' at the elastic limit for each spring. Pada graf dalam Rajah 8, tandakan ' X ' pada had kenyal setiap spring. [2 marks]
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18 (b)
The spring stores energy when it is extended. Spring itu menyimpan tenaga apabila diregang. (i) Name the energy stored in the spring when it is extended. Namakan tenaga yang disimpan dalam spring yang diregang.
(ii)
…...................................................................................................................... [1 mark] Calculate the energy stored in spring R when its extension is 8.0 cm. Hitung tenaga yang disimpan dalam spring R apabila pemanjangannya 8.0 cm.
[3 marks] (c)
The springs are to be used in a Newton balance to measure a maximum load of mass 8 kg. Spring-spring tersebut akan digunakan di dalam neraca Newton untuk mengukur beban maksimum berjisim 8 kg. (i) What is the maximum weight of the load? Berapakah berat maksimum beban itu? …...................................................................................................................... [1 mark] (ii)
Based on Diagram 8, choose two springs which are suitable to be used in the Newton balance specified above. Berdasarkan Rajah 8, pilih dua spring yang sesuai untuk digunakan di dalam neraca Newton tersebut di atas. …...................................................................................................................... [2 marks]
(iii) Which spring is the most suitable to be used in the Newton balance? Explain your answer. Spring yang manakah paling sesuai untuk digunakan di dalam neraca Newton itu. Terangkan jawapan anda. …...................................................................................................................... …...................................................................................................................... [2 marks]
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19 Section B Bahagian B [20 marks] Answer any one question from this section. Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini. 9
Diagram 9.1 shows a stationary pistol on a smooth surface. Diagram 9.2 shows the pistol and bullet after the pistol has been fired by remote control. Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan sebuah pistol pegun di atas permukaan licin. Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan pistol dan peluru selepas tembakan dilepaskan secara kawalan jauh.
Stationary pistol Pistol pegun
Diagram 9.1 / Rajah 9.1
Pistol recoils at lower speed Pistol tersentak dengan laju yang lebih rendah
Bullet moves at high speed Peluru bergerak dengan laju tinggi
Diagram 9.2 / Rajah 9.2 (a)
(i)
What is the meaning of momentum? Apakah maksud dengan momentum? [1 mark]
(ii)
State the total momentum of the pistol and bullet in Diagram 9.1 Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the total momentum before and after the bullet is fired. Using Diagram 9.2, compare the magnitude and direction of the momentum of the bullet and pistol. Name the physics principle that can be applied to the motion of the bullet and pistol.
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20 Menggunakan Rajah 9.1 dan Rajah 9.2, bandingkan jumlah momentum sebelum dan selepas peluru itu ditembak. Menggunakan Rajah 9.2, bandingkan magnitud dan arah momentum peluru dan pistol. Nyatakan prinsip fizik yang boleh diaplikasi kepada gerakan peluru dan pistol itu. [5 marks] (b)
Describe, in terms of momentum, the propulsion of a rocket engine. Terangkan, dalam sebutan momentum, rejangan sebuah enjin roket. [4 marks]
(c)
Diagram 9.3 shows a the structure of a jet engine for a small jet plane. Rajah 9.3 menunjukkan struktur sebuah enjin jet bagi sebuah kapal terbang jet yang kecil. Combustion chamber Kebuk pembakaran
Compression blades Bilah pemampat
Turbine blades Bilah turbin
Nozzle Nozel
Fuel injector Pemancut bahan api Diagram 9.3 / Rajah 9.3 You are required to give some suggestions to improve the design of the jet engine so that it can be used on a larger jet plane that travels at a higher speed. Using the knowledge on forces and motion and the properties of materials, explain the suggestions based on the aspects labeled on Diagram 9.3 Anda dikehendaki memberi beberapa cadangan untuk membaiki reka bentuk enjin jet itu supaya enjin jet itu boleh digunakan pada sebuah kapal terbang jet yang lebih besar dan bergerak lebih laju. Menggunakan pengetahuan tentang gerakan, daya dan sifat-sifat bahan terangkan cadangan itu yang merangkumi aspek-aspek yang dilabel pada Rajah 9.3. [10 marks]
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21 10
Diagram 10.1 shows a tuning fork vibrating near a microphone. The sound waves detected by the microphone are displayed on a cathode-ray oscilloscope. Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan sebuah tala bunyi bergetar berhampiran dengan sebuah mikrofon. Gelombang bunyi yang dikesan oleh mikrofon itu dipaparkan pada sebuah osiloskop sinar katod. When the tuning fork is struck harder, the sound produced is louder and the sound waves produced are as shown in Diagram 10.2. Apabila tala bunyi itu diketuk dengan lebih kuat, bunyi yang dihasilkan adalah lebih nyaring dan gelombang bunyi yang dihasilkan adalah seperti ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 10.2.
a2
a1
Tuning fork Tala bunyi
Diagram 10.1 / Rajah 10.1
(a)
(i)
Diagram 10.2 / Rajah 10.2
What is the meaning of longitudinal waves? Apakah maksud gelombang membujur? [1 mark]
(ii)
Explain how a tuning fork produces sound waves. Jelaskan bagaimana tala bunyi menghasilkan gelombang bunyi. [4 marks]
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22 (b)
Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2, Berdasarkan Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2, (i)
Compare the amplitudes of vibration of the tuning forks. Banding amplitud getaran tala bunyi itu.
(ii)
Compare the peak values, a1 and a2, of the waves displayed by the oscilloscope. Banding nilai puncak, a1 dan a2, bagi gelombang yang dipaparkan pada osiloskop.
(iii) Relate the peak values displayed by the oscilloscope to the amplitude of the sound wave. Hubungkan nilai-nilai puncak yang dipapar pada osiloskop dengan amplitud gelombang bunyi. (iv) Relate the peak value to the loudness of the sound produced. Hubungkan nilai puncak dengan kenyaringan bunyi yang dihasilkan. (v)
Hence, deduce the relationship between the loudness of the sound and the amplitude of the wave. Seterusnya, deduksikan hubungan antara kenyaringan bunyi dengan amplitud gelombang itu. [5 marks]
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23 (c)
Diagram 10.3 shows a boat using sound waves to measure the depth of the sea. Rajah 10.3 menunjukkan sebuah bot menggunakan gelombang bunyi untuk mengukur kedalaman laut.
Reflected sound Bunyi terpantul
Transmitted sound Bunyi terpancar
Diagram 10.3 / Rajah 10.3 (i)
Using your knowledge of the nature and phenomena of waves, explain how the following aspects of the wave affects the results obtained. Menggunakan pengetahuan anda tentang sifat dan fenomena gelombang, terangkan bagaimana aspek gelombang yang berikut mempengaruhi keputusan yang diperoleh. ·
Frequency of the waves Frekuensi gelombang
·
Energy of the waves Tenaga gelombang [4 marks]
(ii)
List the equipment needed for the measurement. Senaraikan peralatan yang diperlukan untuk pengukuran itu. [4 marks]
(iii) Explain how the depth of the sea is determined. Terangkan bagaimana kedalaman laut ditentukan. [2 marks]
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24 Section C Bahagian C [20 marks] Answer any one question from this section. Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini. 11
Diagram 11.1 shows the basic components and four processes in a refrigerator. Rajah 11.1 menunjukkan komponen asas dan empat proses dalam sebuah peti sejuk. Process 4 / Proses 4 The coolant absorbs heat from the interior of the refrigerator Bahan penyejuk menyerap haba dari bahagian dalam peti sejuk
Process 1 / Proses 1 The compressor compresses the coolant gas Pemampat memampat gas bahan penyejuk
Process 3 / Proses 3 The coolant expands and changes from a liquid to a gas Bahan penyejuk mengembang dan bertukar dari cecair ke gas
Process 2 / Proses 2 Heat is removed and the gas changes into a liquid Haba dikeluarkan dan gas bertukar menjadi cecair
Diagram 11 / Rajah 11 (a)
(i)
Explain, using the kinetic theory, how the coolant changes from a gas to a liquid in Process 2. Jelaskan, dengan menggunakan teori kinetik, bagaimana bahan penyejuk itu bertukar menjadi cecair dalam Proses 2. [3 marks]
(ii)
Explain, in terms of latent heat, how the coolant removes heat in Process 3 and Process 4. Jelaskan, dalam sebutan haba pendam, bagaimana bahan penyejuk itu mengeluarkan haba dalam Proses 3 dan Proses 4. [2 marks]
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25 (b)
Table11.1 and Table 11.2 show some characteristics of the coolants and the pipes that carry the coolant in the refrigerator. Jadual 11.1 dan Jadual 11.2 menunjukkan beberapa ciri bahan penyejuk dan saluran yang membawa bahan penyejuk dalam peti sejuk itu. Coolant Bahan penyejuk P Q R
Specific latent heat of vapourisation Haba pendam tentu pengewapan J kg-1 1.5 × 105 7.6 × 105 4.5 × 105
Boiling point Takat didih o C 35 10 -10
Table 11.1 / Jadual 11.1 Pipe Saluran X Y Z
Specific heat capacity Muatan haba tentu J kg–1 oC–1 220 350 180
Diameter Diameter Big / Besar Small / Kecil Big / Besar
Table 11.2 / Jadual 11.2 Explain the suitability of each characteristic of the coolant and that of the pipe so that the refrigerator can work efficiently. State which coolant and which pipe should be chosen. Terangkan kesesuaian setiap ciri bahan penyejuk dan saluran supaya peti sejuk itu boleh berfungsi dengan cekap. Nyatakan bahan penyejuk dan saluran manakah patut dipilih. [10 marks] (c)
500 g of water at 30 oC is placed in the freezer of a refrigerator. 500 g air pada 30 oC diletakkan ke dalam peti pembeku sebuah peti sejuk. [Specific latent heat of fusion of ice / Haba pendam tentu perlakuran ais = 3.34 × 105 J kg–1, Specific heat capacity of water / Muatan haba tentu air = 4 200 J kg–1 oC–1] (i)
Explain the meaning “specific heat capacity of water is 4 200 J kg–1 oC–1” Terangkan maksud “muatan haba tentu air = 4 200 J kg–1 oC–1” [1 mark]
(ii)
Calculate the heat removed when the water is cooled to 0 oC. Hitungkan haba yang dikeluarkan apabila air itu disejukkan hingga ke 0 oC. [2 marks] o
(iii) Calculate the heat removed when the water at 0 C is frozen into ice at 0 oC. Hitungkan haba yang dikeluarkan apabila air pada 0 oC dibekukan menjadi ais pada 0 oC. [2 marks]
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26 12
(a)
Diagram 12.1 shows a magnet being used to induce a current in a coil. Rajah 12.1 menunjukkan sebatang magnet digunakan untuk mengaruh arus di dalam suatu gegelung.
X
N
S
Magnet moved towards coil Magnet digerakkan ke arah gegelung G Diagram 12.1 / Rajah 12.1 (i)
State Lenz's law. Nyatakan hukum Lenz. [1 mark]
(ii)
Explain how current is induced in the coil. State the pole at X. Terangkan bagaimana arus diaruh di dalam gegelung itu. Nyatakan kutub di X. [4 marks]
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27 (b)
Diagram 12.2 shows an alternating current generator which will be used to supply a large direct current to an electrical component R. Rajah 12.2 menunjukkan sebuah penjana arus ulangalik yang digunakan untuk membekal suatu arus terus yang besar kepada sebuah komponen elektrik R. Rotation / Putaran
Rectification circuit Litar rektifikasi
R
Diagram 12.2 / Rajah 12.2
Table 12.1 shows the characteristics of four alternating current generators, W, X, Y and Z. Jadual 12.1 menunjukkan ciri-ciri bagi empat penjana arus ulangalik W, X, Y and Z. Generator Penjana
Number of turns of coil Bilangan lilitan gegelung
Strength of magnets Kekuatan magnet
W
6 000
High / Tinggi
X
10 000
Medium / Sederhana
Y
9 000
High / Tinggi
Z
5000
Medium / Sederhana
Table 12.1 / Jadual 12.1
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28 Table 12.2 shows the characteristics of four rectification circuits, A, B, C and D to be used with one of the generators. Jadual 12.2 menunjukkan ciri-ciri bagi empat litar rektifikasi, A, B, C dan D yang akan digunakan bersama satu daripada penjana itu Rectification circuit Litar rektifikasi
Arrangement of components Susunan komponen
Capacitance of C Kapasitans bagi C
One diode / Satu diod A
C
R
Large Besar
R
Small Kecil
One diode / Satu diod B
C
Four diodes / Empat diod
Large Besar
C C
R
Four diodes / Empat diod
Small Kecil
D C
Table 12.2 / Jadual 12.2
R
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29 You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the four generators shown in Table 12.1 and the four rectification circuits shown in Table 12.2. Study the specifications of all the four generators and four rectification circuits from the following aspects: – Number of turns of coil in the generator – Strength of the magnets in the generator – Arrangement of components in the rectification circuit – Capacitance of the capacitor in the rectification circuit. Explain the suitability of the aspects. State the most suitable generator and the most suitable rectification circuit to be used. Anda dikehendaki menyiasat ciri-ciri bagi empat penjana dalam Jadual 12.1 dan empat litar rektifikasi dalam Jadual 12.2. Kaji spesifikasi bagi empat penjana dan empat litar rektifikasi dari aspek berikut: – Bilangan lilitan bagi gegelung penjana – Kekuatan magnet bagi penjana – Susunan komponen dalam litar rektifikasi – Kapasitans bagi kapasitor dalam litar rektifikasi Jelaskan aspek-aspek tersebut. Nyatakan penjana yang paling sesuai dan litar rektifikasi yang paling sesuai digunakan. [10 marks] (c)
Diagram 12.3 shows a transformer with a bulb at its output terminals. The bulb lights up at normal brightness. Rajah 12.3 menunjukkan sebuah transformer dengan sebuah mentol di terminal outputnya. Mentol itu menyala dengan kecerahan normal. IP = 0.125 A 12 V 24 W
240 V
NP
NS = 150
Diagram 12.3 / Rajah 12.3 (i) (ii)
State the type of transformer. Nyatakan jenis transformer itu.
[1 mark]
Determine the value of NP. Tentukan nilai NP.
[2 marks]
(iii) Calculate the efficiency of the transformer. Hitung kecekapan transformer itu. END OF QUESTION PAPER KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
[2 marks]
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30 INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON 1.
This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.
2.
Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the spaces provided in the question paper. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Jawapan anda bagi Bahagian A hendaklah ditulis pada ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini.
3.
Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C. Write your answers for Section B and Section C on your own writing paper. Jawab satu soalan daripada Bahagian B dan satu soalan daripada Bahagian C. Jawapan anda bagi Bahagian B dan Bahagian C hendaklah ditulis dalam kertas tulis anda sendiri.
4.
Show your working, it may help you to get marks. Tunjukkan kerja mengira, ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah.
5.
If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have done. Then write down the new answer. Jika anda hendak menukar sesuatu jawapan, batalkan jawapan yang telah dibuat. Kemudian tulis jawapan yang baru.
6.
The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless stated. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.
7.
A list of formulae is provided on page 2. Satu senarai formula disediakan di halaman 2.
8.
The marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets. Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukan dalam kurungan.
9.
You are advised to spend 90 minutes to answer questions in Section A, 30 minutes for Section B and 30 minutes for Section C. Anda dinasihati supaya mengambil masa 90 minit untuk menjawab soalan dalam Bahagian A, 30 minit untuk Bahagian B dan 30 minit untuk Bahagian C.
10. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram.
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SULIT NO. KAD PENGENALAN ANGKA GILIRAN NAMA: …….…………......…….............……..………. TINGKATAN: …….....………
PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH NEGERI KEDAH DARUL AMAN
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2009
4531/3
PHYSICS Kertas 3 1 1 jam 2
Satu jam tiga puluh minit
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU
Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa
1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa. 2. Soalan dalam bahasa Inggeris mendahului soalan yang sepadan dalam bahasa Melayu. 3. Calon dibenarkan menjawab keseluruhan atau sebahagian soalan sama ada dalam bahasa Inggeris atau bahasa Melayu. 4. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman belakang kertas soalan ini.
Bahagian
A
B
Soalan
Markah penuh
1
16
2
12
3
12
4
12
Markah diperoleh
Jumlah
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 15 halaman bercetak SULIT
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Section A Bahagian A [28 marks] Answer all questions in this section. Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini. 1
A student carries out an experiment to study the relationship between the angle of incidence, i, and the angle of refraction, r, when a light ray passes from air to a semicircular glass block. The apparatus set-up for this experiment is shown in Diagram 1.1. Seorang murid menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji hubungan antara sudut tuju, i, dan sudut biasan, r, apabila sinar cahaya merambat dari udara ke blok kaca semibulatan. Susunan radas bagi eksperimen ini ditunjukkan pada Rajah 1.1. Semi-circular glass block Blok kaca semibulatan
Refracted ray Sinar biasan r
Incident ray Sinar tuju
To power supply Ke bekalan kuasa
i
Ray box Kotak sinar Diagram 1.1 / Rajah 1.1
The ray box is adjusted so that a ray of light enters the semicircular glass block at an angle of incidence, i = 15o. The angle of refraction, r, is measured with a protractor. The experiment is repeated with angles of incidence, i = 30o, 45o, 60o and 75o. The corresponding measurements made by the protractor are shown in Diagrams 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6. Kotak sinar dilaraskan supaya satu sinar cahaya memasuki blok kaca semibulatan pada sudut tuju, i = 15o. Sudut biasan, r, diukur oleh sebuah protraktor. Pengukuran sepadan yang dibuat oleh protraktor ditunjukkan pada Rajah 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 dan 1.6.
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i = 15o sin i = ………… 15o
r = ………. sin r = …………
Diagram 1.2 / Rajah 1.2
i = 30o sin i = ………… r = ……….
30o
sin r = …………
Diagram 1.3 / Rajah 1.3
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i = 45o sin i = …………
45o
r = ………. sin r = …………
Diagram 1.4 / Rajah 1.4
i = 60o sin i = …………
60o
r = ………. sin r = …………
Diagram 1.5 / Rajah 1.5
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i = 75o
75o
sin i = ………… r = ………. sin r = …………
Diagram 1.6 / Rajah 1.6
(a)
For the experiment described on page 2, identify: Bagi eksperimen yang diterangkan di halaman 2, kenal pasti: (i)
The manipulated variable Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan
(ii)
.…...................................................................................................................... [1 mark] The responding variable Pembolehubah bergerak balas
.…...................................................................................................................... [1 mark] (iii) The constant variable Pembolehubah dimalarkan .…...................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
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(b)
For this part of the question, write your answers in the spaces provided in the corresponding diagrams. Untuk bahagian soalan ini, tulis jawapan anda dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam rajah-rajah yang sepadan. Based on Diagrams 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6: Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 dan 1.6: (i)
Record the readings, r, of the protractor. Catat bacaan, r, protraktor itu. [2 marks]
(ii)
For each value of i, calculate and record the value of sin i. Bagi setiap nilai i, hitung dan catat nilai sin i. [1 mark]
(iii) Calculate sin r for each value of r in 1(b)(i). Record the value of sin r. Hitung sin r untuk setiap nilai r di 1(b)(i). Catat nilai sin r. (c)
[2 marks] Tabulate your results for all values of i, sin i and sin r in the space below. Jadualkan keputusan anda bagi semua nilai i, sin i dan sin r dalam ruang di bawah.
[2 marks] (d)
On the graph paper provided, plot a graph of sin i against sin r. Pada kertas graf yang disediakan, lukis graf sin i melawan sin r. [5 marks]
(e)
Based on your graph in 1(d), state the relationship between sin i and sin r. Berdasarkan graf anda di 1(d), nyatakan hubungan antara sin i dan sin r. .................................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
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Graph of sin i against sin r Graf sin i melawan sin r
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2
A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the collector current, IC, and the base current, IB, for a transistor. Seorang pelajar menjalankan eksperimen untuk mencari hubungan antara arus pengumpul dengan arus tapak bagi suatu transistor. The result of this experiment is shown in the graph of IC against IB in Diagram 2. Keputusan eksperimen itu ditunjukkan oleh graf IC melawan IB pada Rajah 2. Graph of IC against IB Graf IC melawan IB
IC / mA 120
100
80
60
40
20
0
100
200
300
400
Diagram 2 / Rajah 2
500
600
IB / μA
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(a)
Based on the graph in Diagram 2, Berdasarkan graf pada Rajah 2, (i)
State the relationship between IC and IB. Nyatakan hubungan antara IC dan IB. .…...................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
(ii)
Determine the value of IB when IC = 100 mA. Show on the graph, how you determine the value of IB. Tentukan nilai IB apabila IC = 100 mA. Tunjukkan pada graf bagaimana anda menentukan nilai IB.
.…...................................................................................................................... [3 marks] (b)
(i)
Calculate the gradient, m, of the graph. Show on the graph how you determine the gradient m. Hitung kecerunan, m, bagi graf itu. Tunjukkan pada graf bagaimana anda menentukan kecerunan m.
m = ………………………… [3 marks] (ii)
The gradient of the graph represents amplification factor of the transistor. What is meant by amplification factor? Kecerunan graf mewakili faktor amplifikasi suatu transistor. Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan faktor amplifikasi? .…...................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
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(c)
The emitter current, IE, is related to the base current, IB, and collector current, IC through the formula; Arus pengeluar, IE, ada hubungan dengan arus tapak, IB, dan arus pengumpul, IC melalui formula; IE = IB + IC Determine the emitter current, IE, , when the base current, IB = 350 μA. Show on the graph, how you determine the value of collector current, IC. Tentukan arus pengeluar apabila arus tapak, IB = 350 μA. Tunjukkan pada graf bagaimana anda mendapatkan nilai arus pengumpul, IC.
[3 marks] (d)
State one precaution that should be taken during the experiment. Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil semasa eksperimen dijalankan. .................................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
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Section B Bahagian B [12 marks] Answer any one question from this section. Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.
3
Diagram 3 shows two pails, R and S, with R containing more water than S. Both the pails are exposed to sunlight. After a few hours it was observed that the water in pail S is hotter than the water in pail R. Rajah 3 menunjukkan dua baldi, R dan S, dengan R mengandungi lebih banyak air daripada baldi S. Kedua-dua baldi didedahkan kepada cahaya matahari. Selepas beberapa jam diperhatikan air dalam baldi S lebih panas daripada air dalam baldi R. Sunlight Sinar matahari
Sunlight Sinar matahari
S R Diagram 3 / Rajah 3 Based on the information and observation: Berdasarkan maklumat dan pemerhatian tersebut: (a)
State one suitable inference. Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai. [1 mark]
(b)
State one suitable hypothesis. Nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai. [1 mark]
(c)
With the use of apparatus such as beaker, thermometer, immersion heater and other apparatus, describe one experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). Dengan menggunakan radas seperti bikar, termometer, pemanas rendam dan radas lain, terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang dinyatakan di 3(b).
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In your description, state clearly the following: Dalam penerangan anda , nyatakan dengan jelas perkara berikut: (i)
The aim of the experiment. Tujuan eksperimen.
(ii)
The variables in the experiment. Pembolehubah dalam eksperimen.
(iii) The list of apparatus and materials. Senarai radas dan bahan. (iv) The arrangement of the apparatus. Susunan radas. (v)
The procedure of the experiment which should include one method of controlling the manipulated variable and one method of measuring the responding variable. Prosedur eksperimen yang mesti termasuk satu kaedah mengawal pembolehubah dimanipulasi dan satu kaedah mengukur pembolehubah bergerak balas.
(vi) The way you tabulate the data. Cara anda menjadualkan data. (vii) The way you analyse the data. Cara anda menganalisis data. [10 marks]
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4
A student who moves his ear near a vibrating tuning fork hears loud and soft sounds alternately. Diagram 4.1 shows the positions of loud sounds are closer together. Diagram 4.2 shows the positions of loud sound are further apart. Seorang pelajar yang menggerakkan telinganya dekat dengan tala bunyi yang bergetar mendengar bunyi kuat dan lemah secara berselang-seli. Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan kedudukan bunyi-bunyi kuat lebih rapat. Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan kedudukan bunyi-bunyi kuat lebih jauh daripada satu sama lain. Ear of student Telinga pelajar
L
L
Ear of student Telinga pelajar
L
L
L
L
L
L
Arm of tuning fork Lengan tala bunyi
L : Loud sound heard L : Bunyi kuat didengar
Tuning fork : arms further apart Tala bunyi : jarak antara lengan lebih jauh Diagram 4.1 / Rajah 4.1
Tuning fork : arms nearer Tala bunyi : jarak antara lengan lebih rapat Diagram 4.2 / Rajah 4.2
Based on the information and observation: Berdasarkan maklumat dan pemerhatian tersebut: (a)
State one suitable inference. Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai. [1 mark]
(b)
State one suitable hypothesis. Nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai. [1 mark]
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(c)
With the use of apparatus such as two loudspeakers, signal generator and other apparatus, describe one experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 4(b). Dengan menggunakan radas seperti dua pembesar suara, penjana isyarat dan radas lain, terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang dinyatakan di 4(b). In your description, state clearly the following: Dalam penerangan anda, nyatakan dengan jelas perkara berikut: (i)
The aim of the experiment. Tujuan eksperimen.
(ii)
The variables in the experiment. Pembolehubah dalam eksperimen.
(iii) The list of apparatus and materials. Senarai radas dan bahan. (iv) The arrangement of the apparatus. Susunan radas. (v)
The procedure of the experiment which should include one method of controlling the manipulated variable and one method of measuring the responding variable. Prosedur eksperimen yang mesti termasuk satu kaedah mengawal pembolehuhah dimanipulasikan dan satu kaedah mengukur pembolehubah bergerak balas.
(vi) The way you tabulate the data. Cara anda menjadualkan data. (vii) The way you analyse the data. Cara anda menganalisis data. [10 marks]
END OF QUESTION PAPER KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
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INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON 1.
This question paper consists of two sections: Section A and Section B. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi dua bahagian: Bahagian A dan Bahagian B.
2.
Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the space provided in this question paper. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Jawapan anda bagi Bahagian A hendaklah ditulis pada ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini.
3.
Answer one question from Section B. Write your answers for Section B on your own writing paper. You may use equations, diagram, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain your answers. Jawab satu soalan daripada Bahagian B. Tulis jawapan bagi Bahagian B pada kertas tulis anda sendiri. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan, rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda.
4.
Show your working, it may help you to get marks. Tunjukkan kerja mengira, ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah.
5.
The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.
6.
The marks allocated for each question or sub-part of a question are shown in brackets. Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan.
7.
If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have done. Then write down the new answer. Jika anda hendak menukar jawapan, batalkan jawapan yang telah dibuat. Kemudian tulis jawapan yang baru.
8.
You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram.
9.
You are advised to spend 60 minutes to answer questions in Section A and 30 minutes for Section B. Anda dinasihati supaya mengambil masa 60 minit untuk menjawab soalan dalam Bahagian A dan 30 minit untuk Bahagian B.
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4531
PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH NEGERI KEDAH DARUL AMAN
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2009
PHYSICS PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN
Peraturan pemarkahan ini mengandungi 16 halaman bercetak
4531
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PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2009 KEDAH DARUL AMAN PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN
PHYSICS PAPER Paper 1 Paper 2 Paper 3
MARKS 50 100 40 190
Total
Jumlah markah diskalakan kepada 100% PHYSICS Paper 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
C D D B D A B A D C B D C C A D A D C D B A A C B
26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
B B A C A C B C D A D B A A A D B A B B B A C B A
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3 PHYSICS Paper 2 SECTION A NO. 1 (a) (i)
MARKING CRITERIA State the physical quantity correctly - Voltage/potential difference
MARK SUB TOTAL 1
(ii)
State the error correctly - Zero error//systematic error
1
(b) (i)
State the instrument correctly - Y/micrometer
1
State the reason correctly - The scale has a smaller division
1
(i)
State the explanation correctly - energy is used to break the bonds//change the state of matter
1
(ii)
State the explanation correctly - energy is used to increase the kinetic energy of the molecules
1
Correct substitution - 0.2 x 3.36 x 105 Correct answer and correct unit - 6.72 x 104 J
1
Mark on the box correctly - There is no net transfer of energy between the water and the surroundings
1
State the unit correctly - N m—2 // kg m—1 s—2
1
(b)
State one factor correctly - depth//density
1
(c) (i)
Correct substitution - 1010 x 2.5 x 10
1
Correct answer and correct unit - 25250 N Show the substitution correctly - 125000 - 25250
1
(ii)
2(a)
(b)
(c)
3(a)
(ii)
Correct answer and correct unit - 99750 N
4
1
5
1
1 6
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4 NO. 4(a)
Name component T correctly - Thermistor//heat sensitive resistor
(b)
(c)
MARKING CRITERIA
Underline the words correctly - resistance decreases - IB increases
1 1
(i)
Correct answer and correct unit - 0.08 s
1
(ii)
Correct substitution
1
-
1 0.08
Correct answer and correct unit - 12.5 Hz
1
Sketch the trace correctly - Sinusoidal with four complete cycles
1
(i)
Compare the speed of light correctly - Speed of light is higher in air
1
(ii)
Compare the speed of light correctly - Speed of light is higher in air
1
(iii)
State the relationship correctly - If the speed of light decreases, then the light ray will bend towards the normal
1
(iv)
State the phenomenon correctly - refraction
1
(iii)
5(a)
MARK SUB TOTAL 1
(b) (i)
(ii)
Draw the light rays correctly - At least one light ray from point P bend away from the normal after emerging into the air - Extrapolate the ray to point Q Correct substitution -
7
1 1 1
1. 6 1. 2
Correct answer with no unit in decimal - 1.33
1 8
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5 NO.
MARKING CRITERIA
6(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
7(a)
(b)
State the meaning correctly - Time for the activity of the radioactive substance to become half of the original activity // Time taken for half of the mass of radioactive substance to decay (i)
MARK SUB TOTAL 1
State the half life correctly - X : 10 minutes - Y : 5 minutes
1 1
(ii) State the answer correctly - X : 50 % - Y : 25 %
1 1
State the comparison correctly - The decay rates for substance X is slower//vice versa
1
State the relationship correctly - The shorter the half life, the higher the decay rate
1
Give the reason correctly - Background radiation
1
State the energy changes correctly - electrical energy to (gravitational) potential energy
1
(i) Correct substitution - 1.7 x 10 Correct answer and correct unit - 17 W (ii) Correct substitution -
8
1
1
1
2x10x1.5 2. 5
Correct answer with correct unit - 12 W (iii) Correct substitution
1 1
12 x 100% 17 Correct answer with correct unit - 70.6 % (c)
(d)
1
State the change on the ammeter correctly - ammeter reading decreases
1
Give explanation correctly - less work done // less power required
1
Give one suggestion correctly - lubricate the moving parts to reduce friction
1
10
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6 NO. 8(a)
(i)
Name the law correctly - Hooke’s Law
(ii)
Mark a cross on each line correctly - All correct (2 marks) - 1 or 2 correct (1 mark)
(b) (i)
MARK SUB TOTAL 1
1+1
State the energy correctly - Elastic potential energy
1
Determine the force correctly - From the graph, F = 60 N
1
Correct substitution - ½ (60)(8)// ½ (60)(0.08)
1
Correct answer with correct unit - 240 N cm // 2.4 J // 2.4 N m
1
(i)
State the maximum weight correctly - 80 N
1
(ii)
Name the two springs correctly - Spring P - Spring Q
(iii)
Give the choice correctly - Spring Q
1
Give the explanation correctly - More sensitive//smaller force constant
1
(ii)
(c)
MARKING CRITERIA
1+1
12
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7 SECTION B NO 9(a)
MARKING CRITERIA State the meaning correctly - Product of mass and velocity / /momentum = mass x velocity (ii) State the total momentum in Diagram 9.1 correctly - Zero
(b)
(c)
MARK SUB TOTAL 1 1 1
Compare the total momentum correctly - Total momentum before the bullet is fired = total momentum after the bullet is fired.
1
Compare the magnitude of the momentum of the bullet and pistol correctly - Equal
1
Compare the direction of the momentum of the bullet and pistol correctly - Opposite
1
Name the physics principle correctly - Principle of Conservation of Momentum
1
Describe the propulsion of a rocket engine correctly - Liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen/fuel is pump into the combustion chamber for combustion - The exhaust gas is ejected out of the rocket nozzle at high speed. - The ejected exhaust gas at high speed has a large momentum. - According to the Principle of Conservation of Momentum, the rocket acquires a large momentum forward
5
1 1 1 1
State aspect of blade correctly - Using bigger blades/increase the number of blades/increase the speed of blade
1
State reason for aspect of forces and motion correctly - Increase the air intake
1
State aspect of material of blade correctly - Blade made of strong material
1
State reason for aspect of material of blade correctly - Can withstand strong pressure/it will not break easily
1
State aspect of fuel injector correctly - Increase the number of fuel injectors// add more fuel injectors
1
State reason for aspect of fuel injector correctly - More fuel to be burnt to produce greater thrust
1
4
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8 State aspect of combustion chamber correctly - Increase the size of the combustion chamber
1
State reason for aspect of combustion chamber correctly - More space for the fuel to be burnt
1
State aspect of nozzle correctly - Decrease the diameter of the nozzle
1
State reason for aspect of nozzle correctly - Exhaust gas ejected at higher velocity/higher momentum
1
10
20
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9
NO 10(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(c)
MARKING CRITERIA State the meaning correctly - A wave in which the vibration of particles in the medium is parallel to the direction of propagation of the wave. Explain the production of sound waves correctly - When a tuning fork vibrates, layers of air vibrate - The particles of air undergo s series of compression and rarefaction - Sound energy is propagated through the air in the form of waves
MARK SUB TOTAL 1 1 1 1 1 1
(i)
Compare the amplitudes of the wave form correctly - The amplitude in Diagram 10.2 is higher
1
(ii)
Compare the peak values of the wave form correctly - The peak value in Diagram 10.2 is higher
1
(iii)
State the relationship between amplitude and peak value correctly - The higher the amplitude, the higher the peak value
1
(iv)
State the relationship between the peak value and loudness correctly - The higher the peak value, the louder is the sound.
1
(v)
State the relationship between the loudness and the amplitude correctly - The higher the amplitude, the louder is the sound
1
(i)
Suggest the type of frequency correctly - The boat must use high frequency sound waves Give the reason correctly - Smaller wavelength, less diffracted Suggest the type of energy correctly - High energy waves Give the reason correctly - High penetrating power
1
(ii)
(iii)
- The depth of the sea, d =
vt 2
5
1 1 1 4
Suggest the list of equipments needed for the measurement Transmitter Receiver Sound generator CRO [Any of the three above] State the method of measuring the time - The time taken, t from the transmitter to the receiver is recorded by the CRO - The speed of the sound wave, v in water is given
4
3
1 1 1 3 20
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10 SECTION C NO 11(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
MARKING CRITERIA
MARK SUB TOTAL
State the explanation correctly - Temperature of the coolant decreases - Speed of the molecules decreases - Distance between molecules decreases
1 1 1
3
State the explanation correctly - When coolant changes from a liquid to a gas, latent heat is required. - Latent heat is obtained from the interior of the refrigerator.
1 1
2
State the specific latent heat of vaporisation and reason correctly 1 High specific latent heat of vaporization 2 Rate of heat removed is faster
1+1
State the boiling point and reason correctly 3 Coolant with low boiling point 4 Easily can to vapour/gas
1+1
State the specific heat capacity and reason correctly 5 Low specific heat capacity 6 Can be heat up (cool down) faster
1+1
State the diameter and reason correctly 7 Big diameter 8 Can carry more coolant
1+1
State most suitable choice of coolant and justification correctly Q Low specific latent heat of vaporization and low boiling point
1
State most suitable pipe and justification correctly Z Low specific heat capacity and big diameter
1
State the meaning correctly The quantities of heat required to change the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 oC is 4200 J.
10
1
Correct substitution 0.5 x 4200 x 30
1
Correct answer and correct unit 63 000 J
1
Correct substitution 0.5 x 3.34.x 105
1
Correct answer and correct unit 1.67 x 105 J
1
5 20
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11 NO 12(a)
(b)
(c)
MARKING CRITERIA
(i)
State Lenz’s Law correctly - The direction of the induced current is such as to oppose the change causing it.
(ii)
State the explanation correctly - The solenoid experiences a change in the magnetic flux/magnetic field (lines) - According to Faraday’s Law of electromagnetic induction - An e.m.f. is induced in the coil - X is north pole
MARK SUB TOTAL 1
1 1 1 1
State the suitable number of turns of coil in the generator and reason correctly - High number of turns of coil - Larger force acting on the coil / higher electromagnetic field strength
1+1
State the suitable strength of the magnets in the generator and reason correctly - High strength magnets - Larger force acting on the coil
1+1
State the suitable arrangement of components in the rectification circuit - Using 4 diodes and a capacitor - 4 diodes to produce full-wave rectification and capacitor as a smoother
1+1
State the suitable capacitance of the capacitor in the rectification circuit - Large capacitance - To produce a constant output voltage
1+1
State most suitable choice of generator and justification correctly - Y and high number of turns of coil and high strength of magnets
1
State most suitable choice rectification circuit and justification correctly - C, 4 diodes and a capacitor with high capacitance
1
(i) State the type of transformer correctly - Step-down transformer
1
(ii) Correct substitution
1
(240)(150) 12 Correct answer and no unit 3000 (iii) Correct substitution
1
24 ´ 100 (0.125)(240)
1
Correct answer with unit 80% // 0.8
1 5 20
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12 PHYSICS Paper 3 SECTION A NO 1(a)
MARKING CRITERIA (i)
(ii)
(iii)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
State the manipulated variable correctly Angle of incidence / i
1
1
State the responding variable correctly Angle of refraction / r // sin r
1
1
State the constant variable correctly Glass block // Semicircular glass block // Refractive index
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
Record the readings of r correctly Diagram 1.2 : 11o Diagram 1.3 : 20o Diagram 1.4 : 29o Diagram 1.5 : 36o Diagram 1.6 : 41o Note : 1. All 5 values correct – 2 marks 2. 3 or 4 values correct – 1 mark State the values of sin i correctly Diagram 1.2 : 0.2588 Diagram 1.3 : 0.5000 Diagram 1.4 : 0.7071 Diagram 1.5 : 0.8660 Diagram 1.6 : 0.9659 Note : 1. Accept e.c.f. from (b)(i) 2. All 5 values correct – 2 marks 3. 3 or 4 values correct – 1 mark 4. Not necessary to have consistent number of d.p.
(iii)
MARK SUB TOTAL
State the values of sin r correctly All 5 values of sin r correct Diagram 1.2 : 0.1908 Diagram 1.3 : 0.3420 Diagram 1.4 : 0.4848 Diagram 1.5 : 0.5878 Diagram 1.6 : 0.6561 Note : 1. Accept e.c.f. from (b)(i) 2. All 5 values correct – 2 marks 3. 3 or 4 values correct – 1 mark 4. Not necessary to have consistent number of d.p.
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13 (c)
Tabulate the results for i, sin i, r and sin r correctly i 15o 30o 45o 60o 75o
sin i 0.2588 0.5000 0.7071 0.8660 0.9659
r 11o 20o 29o 36o 41o
sin r 0.1908 0.3420 0.4848 0.5878 0.6561
Table with 4 columns correctly labelled sin i and sin r consistent to 2, 3 or 4 decimal places (d)
1 1
2
Draw a complete graph of sin i against sin r Give a tick (ü) based on the following: A sin i at the y-axis, sin r at the x-axis B Uniform scale at both axes C 5 points plotted correctly [Note : 4 points plotted correctly : ü] D Straight line of best fit is drawn E Minimum size of graph 5 x 4 big squares (Big square : 2 cm x 2 cm) (From the origin to the last point)
ü ü üü ü ü
Marks awarded : Number of ü 6ü 4–5ü 3ü 2ü 1ü (e)
Marks 5 4 3 2 1
State the correct relationship between sin i and sin r sin i is directly proportional to sin r
5 5 1
1 16
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14 NO 2(a)
MARK SUB TOTAL
MARKING CRITERIA (i) State the correct relationship IC increases linearly with IB // IC is directly proportional to IB
1
(ii) Determine the value of IB correctly IB = 500 μA Draw the extrapolation line to the point (500, 100) or beyond
1 1
Draw the lines IC = 100 mA and IB = 500 μA (b)
1
(i) Calculate the gradient of the graph, m, and state the value of m - Draw a sufficiently large triangle - Correct substitution (Follow candidate’s triangle) - State the correct value 200
1
3
1 1 1
3
1
1
(ii) State the correct meaning The ratio of the change in IC to the change in IB // (c)
(d)
DI C DI B
Determine the value of IE and state the correct value of IE - Intrapolation line from IB = 350 μA to the given line and from the given line to the IC – axis
1
- State the correct value of IC IC = 70 mA // 70 000 μA
1
- State the correct value of IE 70.35 mA // 70 350 μA
1
State one correct precaution - Position of the eyes such that line of sight is perpendicular to the scale of the meter to avoid parallax error
1
- Current is switched off after readings are taken
1
3
1
Max 1 12
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15 SECTION B NO
MARKING CRITERIA
3 (a)
State a suitable inference The mass // volume affects the rise in temperature // temperature State a relevant hypothesis The greater the mass // volume, the smaller the rise in temperature // temperature Describe a complete and suitable experimental framework
(b)
(c) (i)
(ii)
State the aim of experiment To investigate the relationship between the mass and rise in temperature (of water) State the manipulated variable and the responding variable Manipulated variable : Mass Responding variable : Increase in temperature State the constant variable Constant variable : Heat supplied // Time of heating // Power of the heater //
(iii)
(iv)
List out the important apparatus and materials Beaker, water, thermometer, immersion heater, stopwatch, balance for measuring mass Draw or describe a functionable arrangement of the apparatus
MARK SUB TOTAL
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 (v) (vi) (vii)
(viii)
State the method of controlling the manipulated variable Put a mass of 100 g of water in a beaker
1
State the method of measuring the responding variable Switch on the heater for 5 minutes and record the temperature rise.
1
State how the procedure is repeated to obtain at least 5 sets of results Repeat the experiment with 150 g, 200 g, 250 g, 300 g and 350 g of water. Tabulate the data Mass of water / g 100 150 200 250 300 350
(ix)
1
Temperature rise / oC
State how data will be analysed The graph of temperature rise against mass is drawn
1 1
10
Note : Mark accordingly if the manipulated variable is volume .
12
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16 NO. 4 (a) (b) (c)
MARKING CRITERIA State a suitable inference The distance / separation between the arms affect the distance / separation between the loud sounds State a relevant hypothesis The smaller the distance / separation between the arms, the greater is the distance / separation between the loud sounds Describe a complete and suitable experimental framework
MARK SUB TOTAL 1
1
1
1
(i) State the aim of experiment To investigate the relationship between the separation between two loudspeakers and the distance between the position of the loud sounds
1
(ii) State the manipulated variable and the responding variable Manipulated variable : separation between loudspeakers Responding variable : distance between position of loud sounds
1
State the constant variable Constant variable : Frequency of the sound // wavelength of the sound // Distance of the line of observation to the loudspeakers
1
(iii) List out the important apparatus and materials Two loudspeakers, signal generator, metre rule / measuring tape, (microphone, cathode ray oscilloscope)
1
(iv) Draw or describe a functionable arrangement of the apparatus
1
(v) State the method of controlling the manipulated variable The two loudspeakers are placed at a distance, a = 0.4 m apart.
1
(vi) State the method of measuring the responding variable The positions of two successive loud sounds is determined and the distance, x, between them is measured with a metre rule
1
(vii) State how the procedure is repeated to obtain at least 5 sets of results The procedure is repeated for the values of a = 0.8 m, 1.2 m, 1.6 m, 2.0 m and 2.4 m
1
(viii) Tabulate the data a/m 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4
x/m
(ix) State how data will be analyzed A graph of x against a is drawn
1 1
10 12