Spm Chemistry Trial 2009 Kedah

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SULIT 4541/1 CHEMISTRY Kertas 1 Sept. 2009 1¼ jam

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PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH NEGERI KEDAH DARUL AMAN

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2009 CHEMISTRY Paper 1 One hour and fifteen minutes JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1.

Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa.

2.

Soalan dalam Bahasa Inggeris mendahului soalan yang sepadan dalam Bahasa Melayu.

3.

Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman belakang kertas soalan ini.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 20 halaman bercetak

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INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON 1. This question paper consists of 50 questions. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 50 soalan. 2. Answer all questions. Jawab semua soalan. 3. Answer each question by blackening the correct space on the answer sheet. Jawab dengan menghitamkan ruangan yang betul pada kertas jawapan. 4. Blacken only one space for each question. Hitamkan satu ruangan sahaja bagi setiap soalan. 5. If you wish to change your answer, erase the blackened mark that you have made. Then blacken the space for the new answer. Sekiranya anda hendak menukar jawapan, padamkan tanda yang telah dibuat. Kemudian hitamkan jawapan yang baru. 6. The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless stated. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan. 7. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram.

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Which of the following substances exists as atoms? Antara bahan berikut, yang manakah wujud sebagai atom? A B C D

2

Which of the following acids is a weak acid? Antara asid berikut, yang manakah merupakan asid lemah? A B C D

3

Carbon Oxygen Water Chlorine

Hydrochloric acid Ethanoic acid Sulphuric acid Nitric acid

Which of the following represents the electron arrangement of a noble gas? Antara berikut, yang manakah mewakili susunan elektron gas adi?

A

B

C

D

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Which of the following is a property of iodine? Antara berikut, yang manakah sifat iodin? A B C D

5

Which of the following is a property of covalent compound? Antara berikut, yang manakah sifat sebatian kovalen? A B C

D

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Conducts electricity in liquid state Mengkonduksi elektrik dalam keadaan cecair Dissolves in organic solvents Larut dalam pelarut organik Requires a great amount of heat to break the attractive forces between molecules Memerlukan haba yang banyak untuk memutuskan daya tarikan antara molekul Solid covalent compounds consist of particles which are scattered randomly Sebatian kovalen pepejal mengandungi zarah-zarah yang bertabur secara rawak

What happens to a chlorine atom when sodium combines with chlorine? Apakah yang berlaku kepada atom klorin apabila natrium berpadu dengan klorin? A B C D

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Becomes purple gas when heated Menjadi gas ungu apabila dipanaskan More electronegative than bromine Lebih elektronegatif daripada bromin Exists as yellow liquid at room conditions Wujud sebagai cecair kuning pada keadaan bilik Dissolves in water to form an alkaline solution Larut dalam air membentuk larutan beralkali

Accepts an electron Menerima satu elektron Releases an electron Membebas satu elektron Accepts two electrons Menerima dua elektron Shares a pair of electrons Berkongsi sepasang elektron

Which of the folllowing is an electrolyte? Antara berikut, yang manakah elektrolit? A B C D

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Glucose Copper Naphthalene Sodium chloride

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Diagram 1 shows the set-up of apparatus of a chemical cell. Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi sel kimia.

Diagram 1 Which of the following substances is most likely to be Y? Antara bahan berikut, yang manakah mungkin Y? A B C D

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Iron Magnesium Silver Copper

Diagram 2 shows the set-up of apparatus used to investigate diffusion in a solid. Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menyiasat resapan dalam pepejal.

Diagram 2 After a few days, the colourless solid gel turned blue. What can we deduce from the above investigation? Selepas beberapa hari, pepejal gel tanpa warna bertukar ke biru. Apakah yang dapat disimpulkan daripada penyiasatan di atas? A B C D

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Copper(II) sulphate dissolves in the gel Kuprum(II) sulfat larut dalam gel Copper(II) sulphate is less dense than the gel Kuprum(II) sulfat kurang tumpat daripada gel Copper(II) sulphate reacts with the gel to produce blue colour Kuprum(II) sulfat bertindak balas dengan gel menghasilkan warna biru Copper(II) sulphate particles diffuse through spaces between the gel particles Zarah-zarah kuprum(II) sulfat meresap melalui ruang di antara zarah-zarah gel

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Which of the following statements is true about an acid? Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah benar tentang asid? A B C D

Turns red litmus blue Has a pH of more than 7 Reacts with metal oxide to produce salt and water 1 mole of acid produces 1 mole of hydrogen ions when dissolves in water

11 The following equation shows a reaction to produce hydrogen gas. Persamaan berikut menunjukkan tindak balas untuk menghasilkan gas hidrogen. 2HCl + Mg → MgCl 2 + H 2 Which of the following statements will increase the rate of production of hydrogen gas ? Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah akan meningkatkan kadar penghasilan gas hidrogen? A B C D

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What is the function of vanadium(V) oxide in the manufacturing of sulphuric acid? Apakah fungsi vanadium(V) oksida dalam pembuatan asid sulfurik? A B C D

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Increase the time of reaction Memanjangkan masa tindak balas Increase the volume of acid Menambahkan isipadu asid Increase the size of granulated magnesium Menambahkan saiz butir magnesium Increase the temperature of the mixture Meningkatkan suhu campuran

To speed up the formation of oleum Mempercepatkan penghasilan oleum To increase the yield of sulphur trioxide Menambahkan hasil sulfur trioksida To increase the rate of production of sulphur trioxide Meningkatkan kadar penghasilan sulfur trioksida To increase the rate of burning of sulphur in air Meningkatkan kadar pembakaran sulfur dalam udara

Which of the following is a synthetic polymer ? Antara berikut, yang manakah polimer sintetik? A B C D

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Polypropene Polysaccharide Polyisoprene Silk

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Which of the following salt can be prepared by double decomposition reaction? Antara garam berikut, yang manakah boleh disediakan melalui tindak balas penguraian ganda dua? A B C D

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Sodium nitrate Potassium carbonate Calcium sulphate Magnesium chloride

Figure 3 shows the structural formula of a carbon compound. Rajah 3 menunjukkan formula struktur satu sebatian karbon. H H O H     H  C  C  C  O C  H    H H H

Figure 3

Based on the figure above, what is the general formula of the compound? Berdasarkan rajah di atas, apakah formula am bagi sebatian tersebut? A B C D

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Which of the following pairs of compounds are in the same homologous series? Manakah antara pasangan sebatian berikut berada dalam siri homolog yang sama?

A B C D

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C n H 2n COOH C n H 2n+1 COOH CH 2n+1 COO C m H 2m+1 C n H 2n+1 COO C m H 2m+1

Compound 1 C2H4 C2H6 C 2 H 5 OH C 2 H 5 OH

Compound 2 C3 H6 C3 H6 CH 3 CO 2 H C 2 H 5 COOH

Which of the following medicines is used to cure illnesses caused by bacteria ? Antara ubat berikut, yang manakah digunakan untuk menyembuh penyakit disebabkan bakteria? A B C D

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Paracetamol Streptomycin Antiseptic Aspirin

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The heat of neutralisation between hydrochloric acid and potassium hydroxide is higher than the heat of neutralisation between ethanoic acid and potassium hydroxide because Haba peneutralan antara asid hidroklorik dan kalium hidroksida adalah lebih tinggi daripada haba peneutralan antara asid etanoik dan kalium hidroksida kerana A

B

C D

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20.

hydrochloric acid is a mineral acid whereas ethanoic acid is an organic acid asid hidroklorik adalah asid mineral sementara asid etanoik adalah asid organik the reaction between ethanoic acid and potassium hydroxide is incomplete tindak balas antara asid etanoik dan kalium hidroksida adalah tidak lengkap hydrochloric acid and ethanoic acid have different pH values asid hidroklorik dan asid etanoik mempunyai nilai pH yang berlainan energy is needed to ionise the ethanoic acid tenaga diperlukan untuk mengion asid etanoik

Soap cannot function properly as cleansing agent in water that contains Sabun tidak dapat berfungsi dengan baik sebagai agen pencuci dalam air yang mengandungi I II III IV

potassium ion, K+ magnesium ion, Mg2+ calcium ion, Ca2+ hydroxide ion, OH –

A B C D

I and II only II and III only I and III only III and IV only

Aspirin is a medicine for headache, but it can also cause stomachache. Why? Aspirin ialah ubat untuk sakit kepala, tetapi ia juga boleh mengakibatkan sakit perut. Mengapa? A B C D

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Aspirin contains acid Aspirin mengandungi acid Aspirin contains poisonous substances Aspirin mengandungi bahan beracun Aspirin can react with gastric juice to produce acid Aspirin akan bertindak balas dengan jus gastrik menghasilkan asid) Aspirin can react with food to produce poisonous products Aspirin akan bertindak balas dengan makanan menghasilkan bahan beracun

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Diagram 4 shows the heating curve of solid naphthalene. Rajah 4 menunjukkan kelok pemanasan pepejal naftalena.

Diagram 4

Which of the following statements is true about the particles of naphthalene at T oC? Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah benar mengenai zarah-zarah naftalena pada T oC? I II III IV

A B C D

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The particles can only vibrate and rotate at fixed positions at t 1 Zarah-zarah hanya bergetar dan berputar di kedudukan yang tetap pada t 1 Both solid and liquid are present between t 1 and t 2 Kedua-dua pepejal dan cecair wujud antara t 1 dan t 2 The forces of attraction between particles are overcome Daya tarikan antara zarah-zarah diatasi The particles absorb heat energy Zarah-zarah menyerap tenaga haba I and III only II and IV only I, II and III only I, II, III and IV

23 Na The symbol of sodium atom is 11 The nucleus of this atom contains 23 Na Simbol atom natrium adalah 11 Nukleus atom ini mengandungi

A B C D

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11 protons and 12 neutrons 11 neutrons and 12 protons 11 protons and 12 electrons 12 neutrons and 11 electrons

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Diagram 5 shows an apparatus set-up for a chemical cell prepared by a student. Rajah 5 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi sel kimia yang disediakan oleh seorang pelajar.

Diagram 5 The student wants to modify the chemical cell so that it produces a higher voltage. What modification should the student make? Pelajar tersebut ingin mengubahsuai sel kimia itu supaya voltan yang dihasilkan adalah lebih tinggi. Apakah pengubahsuaian yang perlu dilakukan oleh pelajar tersebut? A B C D

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Use a wider metal plates Gunakan kepingan logam yang lebih lebar Substitute zinc with magnesium Gantikan zink dengan magnesium Reduce the distance between the two metal plates Kurangkan jarak antara dua kepingan logam Use magnesium sulphate solution as the electrolyte Gunakan larutan magnesium sulfat sebagai elektrolit

Figure 6 shows four elements in the Periodic Table of Elements. Which of the element can form coloured compound? Rajah 6 menunjukkan empat unsur dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur. Unsur yang manakah boleh membentuk sebatian berwarna?

Figure 6

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Which of the following substances is used as catalyst in Haber Process ? Antara bahan berikut, yang manakah digunakan sebagai mangkin dalam Proses Haber? A B C D

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Iron Nickel Platinum Vanadium(V) oxide [Lihat sebelah SULIT

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The information below shows three characteristics of a compound P. Maklumat berikut mununjukkan tiga ciri bagi sebatian P.   

Soluble in water High melting and boiling points Does not conduct electricity in the solid state

What is P? A B C D

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Zinc Sulphur Silver chloride Sodium nitrate

Diagram 7 shows the set-up of the apparatus of an electrolytic cell. Rajah 7 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu sel elektrolisis.

Diagram 7 Which of the following half-equations represents the reaction that occurred at electrode P? Antara persamaan setengah berikut, yang manakah mewakili tindak balas yang berlaku di elektrod P? A B C D

Na+ + e Na + 2H + 2e H2 2ClCl 2 + 2e 4OHO 2 + 2H 2 O + 4e

28 What is the oxidation number of sulphur in K 2 S 2 O 8 ? Apakah nombor pengoksidaan sulfur dalam K 2 S 2 O 8 ? A B C D

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-2 0 +7 +8

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A precipitate is formed when hydrochloric acid is added to solution X. Which of the following solutions is most probably solution X? Mendakan terbentuk apabila asid hidroklorik ditambah kepada larutan X. Antara larutan berikut, yang manakah mungkin larutan X? A B C D

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Zinc nitrate Silver nitrate Calcium nitrate Magnesium nitrate

Figure 8 shows the electron arrangement of an atom of element X Gambarajah 8 menunjukkan susunan elektron bagi atom unsur X.

Figure 8 The atom of element X can form a covalent bond with another atom through Atom unsur X membentuk ikatan kovalen dengan atom lain melalui A B C D

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acceptance of two electrons penerimaan dua elektron donation of two electrons menderma dua elektron sharing of two pairs of electrons perkongsian dua pasang elektron elimination of three pairs of electrons penyingkiran tiga pasang elektron

Potassium and sodium are in the same group in the Periodic Table. Which of the following statements is true about potassium? Kalium dan natrium adalah dalam kumpulan yang sama dalam Jadual Berkala. Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah benar mengenai kalium? A B C D

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Potassium reacts more vigorously with water compared to sodium Kalium bertindak balas lebih cergas dengan air berbanding natrium Potassium has a higher density compared to sodium Kalium mempunyai ketumpatan yang lebih tinggi berbanding natrium The melting point of potassium is higher than that of sodium Takat lebur kalium lebih tinggi daripada natrium Potassium is less electropositive than sodium Kalium kurang elektropositif berbanding natrium

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Figure 9 shows an ester produced when an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid. Gambarajah 9 menunjukkan sejenis ester yang terhasil apabila sejenis alkohol bertindak balas dengan sejenis asid karboksilik. O II CH 3  CH 2  C  O  CH 2  CH 2  CH 3 Figure 9 Which of the substances are used in the reaction? Manakah antara sebatian berikut digunakan dalam tindak balas tersebut? Carboxylic acid

A

CH 3 CH 2 OH

B

CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH

CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CHOH

C

D

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Alcohol

CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH

Iron(III) ion, Fe3+ in solution can be converted into iron(II) ion, Fe2+ by adding zinc powder. Which of the following can replace zinc powder in the reaction? Larutan yang mengandungi ion ferum(III), Fe3+ boleh ditukarkan ke ion ferum(II), Fe2+ dengan menambahkan serbuk zink. Antara berikut yang manakah boleh menggantikan serbuk zink di dalam tindak balas ini? A B C D

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Bromine water Potassium iodide solution Potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) solution Acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution

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Figure 10 shows the graph of total volume of carbon dioxide against time for the reaction of a metal carbonate with dilute acid for experiment P and experiment Q. Rajah 10 menunjukkan graf bagi jumlah isipadu karbon dioksida melawan masa bagi tindak balas karbonat logam dengan asid cair bagi eksperimen P dan eksperimen Q.

Figure 10 Which of the following explains the differences between both curves from the experiments? Antara berikut, yang manakah menerangkan perbezaan antara dua lengkuk bagi eksperimen tersebut? I II III

IV

A B C D

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Temperature of acid in experiment P is higher than in experiment Q Suhu asid dalam eksperimen P lebih tinggi daripada dalam eksperimen Q Catalyst is used in experiment P but not in experiment Q Mangkin digunakan dalam eksperimen P tetapi tidak dalam eksperimen Q Quantities of metal carbonate and acid used in experiment P are more than that in experiment Q Kuantiti karbonat logam dan asid dalam eksperimen P melebihi dalam eksperimen Q Small particle size of metal carbonate is used in experiment P and big particle size of metal carbonate is used in experiment Q Saiz zarah karbonat logam yang kecil digunakan dalam eksperimen P dan saiz zarah karbonat logam yang besar digunakan dalam eksperimen Q III and IV only I , II and III only I, II and IV only I, II , III and IV

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Figure 11 shows the energy level diagram that represents the reaction between A and B. Rajah 11 menunjukkan gambar rajah aras tenaga mewakili tindak balas antara A dan B.

Figure 11 What is the heat of the reaction between A and B? Apakah haba tindak balas antara A dan B? A B C D

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Element J and element Q have proton numbers of 11 and 8 respectively. What is the relative molecular mass of compound formed between J and Q? Unsur J dan unsur Q masing-masing mempunyai nombor proton 11 dan 8. Berapakah jisim molekul relatif sebatian yang terbentuk antara J dan Q? [Relative atomic mass : J = 23 ; Q = 16] A B C D

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T2 T2 – T1 T3 - T1 T3 – T2

39 55 62 78

1.72 g of an oxide of metal X contains 0.8 g oxygen. What is the empirical formula of the oxide? 1.72 g oksida logam X mengandungi 0.8 g oksigen. Apakah formula empirik bagi oksida itu? [Relative atomic mass : X = 46 ; O = 16] A B C D

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XO 2 X2O X2O3 X2O5

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2.10 g of element Q combined with 0.80 g of element R to produce a compound with formula Q 3 R 4 . What is the relative atomic mass of element Q? 2.10 g unsur Q berpadu dengan 0.80 g unsur R untuk menghasilkan sebatian dengan formula Q 3 R 4 . Berapakah jisim atom relatif unsur Q? [Relative atomic mass : R = 16] A B C D

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What is the relative molecular mass of ammonium sulphate, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ? Apakah jisim molekul relatif bagi ammonium sulfat, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ? [Relative atomic mass: H = 1, N = 14, O = 16, S = 32] A B C D

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114 116 118 132

A beaker contains 100 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution. Calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide in the beaker. Sebuah bikar mengandungi 100 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida 0.5 mol dm-3. Hitung bilangan mol bagi natrium hidroksida dalam bikar. A B C D

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14 42 56 58

0.05 0.50 5.00 50.0

The following equation represents the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. Berikut ialah persamaan yang mewakili tindak balas antara asid hidroklorik dan natrium hidroksida. NaOH + HCl

NaCl + H 2 O

What is the mass of sodium chloride formed when 100 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid reacts with excess sodium hydroxide solution? Apakah jisim natrium klorida yang terbentuk apabila 100 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.5 mol dm-3 bertindak balas dengan larutan natrium hidroksida berlebihan? [Relative atomic mass: Na = 23, Cl = 35.5] A B C D 4541/1

50.0 g 5.85 g 2.93 g 3.55 g [Lihat sebelah SULIT

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Which of the following shows the wrong combination of properties for alloy and its pure metal? Antara berikut manakah menunjukkan padanan tentang sifat aloi dan logam tulennya yang salah?

A B C D

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Alloy hard stronger ductile resistance to corrosion

Pure metal harder strong less ductile less resistance to corrosion

Figure 12 shows the graph of total volume of oxygen gas released against time for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Rajah 12 menunjukkan graf bagi jumlah isipadu gas oksigen yang terbebas melawan masa untuk penguraian hidrogen peroksida.

Figure 12 Which of the following is the inference from the graph? Manakah yang berikut adalah inferens daripada graf ? I II III IV

A B C D

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Rate of gas released at t 2 is zero Kadar pembebasan gas pada t 2 adalah sifar The average rate of gas released in duration t 1 is V/t 1 cm3 min-1 Purata kadar pembebasan gas dalam tempoh t 1 ialah V/t 1 cm3 min-1 Rate of gas released at the initial reaction is highest Kadar pembebasan gas pada permulaan tindak balas adalah paling tinggi Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide decreases with time Penguraian hidrogen peroksida berkurangan dengan masa. I , II and III only I, III and IV only II, III and IV only I,II ,III and IV

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Graph 1 in Figure 13 is obtained from the reaction between 5 g of large marble chips and 100 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 of hydrochloric acid. Graf I dalam Rajah 13 dihasilkan daripada tindak balas antara 5 g ketulan marmar dan 100 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 asid hidroklorik.

Figure 13 Which of the following reaction will produce graph 2? Manakah antara tindak balas berikut akan menghasilkan graf 2? A B C D

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5 g large marble chips added to 100 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid 5 g ketulan marmar ditambah kepada 100 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 asid hidroklorik 5 g crushed marble chips added to 100 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid 5 g serbuk marmar ditambah kepada 100 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 asid hidroklorik 5 g large marble chips added to 50 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid 5 g ketulan marmar ditambah kepada 50 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 asid hidroklorik 5 g crushed marble chips added to 50 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid 5 g serbuk marmar ditambah kepada 50 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 asid hidroklorik

Compound P undergoes combustion in excess of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. The equation for the reaction is as follows: Sebatian P mengalami pembakaran dalam oksigen berlebihan untuk menghasilkan karbon dioksida dan air. Persamaan tindakbalas adalah seperti berikut: P

+

3O 2

2CO 2

+

3H 2 O

What is compound P? Apakah sebatian P? A B C D

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C2 H4 C2 H6 C 2 H 5 OH C 3 H 7 OH

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W is located between magnesium and iron in the reactivity series of metals. Which oxide cannot be reduced by W? W terletak di antara magnesium dan besi dalam siri kereaktifan logam. Oksida manakah tidak boleh diturunkan oleh W ? A B C D

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Calcium oxide Silver oxide Tin(II) oxide Copper(II) oxide

Which of the following modern medicines is correctly matched? Antara ubat moden berikut, yang mana satu dipadankan dengan betul? I. II. III. IV

Type of modern medicine Hormone Antibiotic Analgesic Psychoterapeutic medicine

A B C D

I and III only III and IV only I, II and III only IV only

Example insulin paracetamol codeine streptomycin

Figure 14 shows the energy level diagram for a reaction between zinc and copper(II) sulphate solution. Rajah 14 menunjukkan gambar rajah aras tenaga bagi tindak balas antara zink dan larutan kuprum(II) sulfat.

Figure 14 Calculate the temperature change when excess zinc is added to 100 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm–3 copper(II) sulphate solution . Kira perubahan suhu apabila zink berlebihan ditambah kepada 100 cm3 larutan kuprum(II) sulfat 0.1mol dm –3. [Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 J g-1 oC-1] A B C D 4541/1

2 oC 4o C 6o C 8o C [Lihat sebelah SULIT

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The following is a thermochemical equation. Berikut ialah suatu persamaan termokimia. HCl + NaOH

NaCl + H 2 O

∆H = -57 kJ/mol

Calculate the quantity of heat energy released when 200 cm3 2.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid is added to 300 cm3 2.0 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution. Hitung kuantiti haba yang dibebaskan apabila 200 cm3 2.0 mol dm-3 asid hidroklorik ditambah kepada 300 cm3 2.0 mol dm-3 larutan natrium hidroksida. A B C D

50

5.70 kJ 11.4 kJ 17.1 kJ 22.8 kJ

Figure 15 shows the results of an experiment to investigate the effect of other metals on the rusting of iron. Gambarajah 15 menunjukkan keputusan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan logam lain ke atas pengaratan besi. Test tube

Procedure

Result after 3 days

Iron nail did not rust P

Iron nail in contact with coil of metal X

Q

Iron nail rusted Iron nail in contact with coil of metal Y Figure 15

Based on the above result, arrange iron, X and Y in order of increasing electropositivity. Berdasarkan keputusan di atas, susun besi, X dan Y mengikut turutan menaik keelektropositifannya. A B C D

X, iron, Y Y, iron, X Iron, X, Y Iron, Y, X END OF QUESTION PAPER

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CHEMISTRY Kertas 2 Sept.2009 2½ No.jam Kad P

No.Kad Pengenalan: ………........…......……….............

Angka Giliran: ......……….....

Nama : ………………......…….............…………….

Tingkatan: ….....….....……….

PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH NEGERI KEDAH DARUL AMAN

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2009 CHEMISTRY Paper 2 Two hours and thirty minutes

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU 1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa. 2. Soalan dalam Bahasa Inggeris mendahului soalan yang sepadan dalam Bahasa Melayu. 3. Calon dibenarkan menjawab keseluruhan atau sebahagian soalan sama ada dalam Bahasa Inggeris atau Bahasa Melayu.

Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa Markah Markah Bahagian Soalan Penuh Diperoleh 1 2 3 A 4 5 6

4. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman belakang kertas soalan ini.

7 B 8 9 C 10 Jumlah

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 20 halaman bercetak SULIT

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INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON 1. This question paper consists of three sections: Sections A, B and C. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, B dan C. 2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the spaces provided in the question paper. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian A dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan 3. Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C. Write your answers for Section B and Section C on the `writing paper’ provided by the invigilators. Answer questions in Section B and Section C in detail. You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain your answer. Jawab satu soalan daripada Bahagian B dan satu soalan daripada Bahagian C. Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian B dan Bahagian C pada halaman bergaris di bahagian akhir kertas soalan ini. Jawab Bahagian B dan Bahagian C dengan terperinci. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan, gambar rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda 4. Show your working. It may help you to get marks. Tunjukkan kerja mengira.Ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah. 5. If you wish to change your answer, neatly cross out the answer that you have done. Then write down the new answer. Sekiranya anda hendak membatalkan sesuatu jawapan, buat garisan di atas jawapan itu. 6. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukiskan mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan 7. Marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets. Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan 8.

The time suggested to answer Section A is 90 minutes, Section B is 30 minutes and Section C is 30 minutes. Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Bahagian A ialah 90 minit, Bahagian B ialah 30 minit dan Bahagian C ialah 30 minit

9. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan. 10. Hand in your answer sheets at the end of the examination. Serahkan semua kertas jawapan anda di akhir peperiksaan

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Section A [60 marks] Answer all questions Jawab semua soalan 1 Table 1 shows the proton number and nucleon number for atoms P, Q and R. Jadual 1 menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi atom P, Q dan R.

(a) (i)

Atom

Proton number

Nucleon number

P

16

32

Q

17

35

R

17 Table 1

37

What is meant by proton number? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan nombor proton ? ...............................................................................……………................… [1 mark]

(ii)

What is the number of neutrons in atom Q ? Apakah bilangan neutron dalam atom Q? ....................................................................................................................... [1 mark]

(b) Which atoms are isotopes? Explain your answer. Atom- atom yang manakah adalah isotop? Terangkan jawapan anda. ................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................…………………… [2 marks] (c) (i)

Write the electron arrangement for atom R. Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom R. ....................................................................................................................... [1 mark]

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(ii)

Draw the electron arrangement of atom R. Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi atom R.

[2 marks] (iii)

State the number of valence electrons for atom R. Nyatakan bilangan elektron valens bagi atom R. ....................................................................................................................... [1 mark]

(iv)

Write the formula of ion formed from atom R. Tuliskan formula ion yang terbentuk daripada atom R. ....................................................................................................................... [1 mark]

(v)

State how the ion in (c)(iv) is formed. Nyatakan bagaimana ion dalam (c)(iv) terbentuk. ....................................................................................................................... [1 mark]

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2 Diagram 2 shows the set-up of apparatus for an electrolytic cell. Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk satu sel elektrolisis.

Copper(II) nitrate solution Diagram 2 (a) State the energy change in the cell . Nyatakan perubahan tenaga dalam sel itu. …………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark] (b) Label the anode in the cell. Labelkan anod dalam sel itu. [1 mark] (c) State one observation at the anode. Nyatakan satu pemerhatian pada anod. …………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark] (d) Write the half equation for the reaction that takes place at the anode. Tuliskan setengah persamaan untuk tindak balas yang berlaku di anod. …………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark] (e) State the factor that affects the selective discharge of ions at the cathode of the cell. Nyatakan faktor yang mempengaruhi discas secara pilihan ion di katod sel itu. …………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]

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(f)

What happens to the colour intensity of the solution in the cell? Explain your answer. Apakah yang berlaku kepada keamatan warna larutan dalam sel itu? Terangkan jawapan anda. …………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………….. [2 marks]

(g) (i)

One of the uses of electrolysis in industry is electroplating of metals. State another use of electrolysis in industry. Satu daripada kegunaan elektrolisis dalam industri ialah penyaduran logam. Nyatakan satu lagi kegunaan elektrolisis dalam industri. ……………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(ii)

A student wants to electroplate an iron spoon with silver. Draw the apparatus set-up that will be used by the student. Seorang pelajar ingin menyadurkan sudu besi dengan argentum. Lukiskan susunan radas yang akan digunakan oleh pelajar tersebut.

[2 marks]

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3 Table 3 shows two alloys and their components. Alloy Bronze Pewter

Component 90% copper 5% element X 96% tin 3% copper 1% antimony Table 3

(a) Name element X. Namakan unsur X. ...……………………………………………………….…………………….......... [1 mark] (b) What type of particle is found in pure copper? Apakah jenis zarah yang terdapat dalam kuprum tulen? …………………………………………………………….……………………… [1 mark] (c) Draw the arrangement of particles in pure copper and in bronze. Lukiskan susunan zarah yang terdapat dalam kuprum tulen dan gangsa. (i)

Pure copper Kuprum tulen

[1 mark] (ii)

Bronze Gangsa

[2 marks]

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(d) Explain why bronze is harder than pure copper. Terangkan mengapa gangsa lebih keras daripada kuprum tulen. ………………………………………………………………..……………........... ………………………………………………………………..……………........... ………………………………………………………………..……………........... ………………………………………………………………..……………........... [3 marks] (e) State two aims of alloying other than hardness. Nyatakan dua tujuan pengaloian selain daripada kekerasan. ..………………………………………………………..……………..................... [2 marks]

4

An experiment is carried out to determine the rate of reaction between excess calcium carbonate and 50.0 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid. The volume of carbon dioxide gas produced is recorded at 30 seconds intervals. The result obtained is recorded in Table 4. Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk menentukan kadar tindak balas antara 50.0 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.2 mol dm-3 dengan kalsium karbonat berlebihan. Isipadi gas karbon dioksida yang terbebas direkodkan pada setiap 30 saat dalam Jadual 4. Time/s Volume/cm3

0 0

30 17

60 90 29 34 Table 4

120 36

150 36

180 36

210 36

240 36

(a) Based on Table 4, draw a graph of volume of carbon dioxide gas against time. Berdasarkan Jadual 4, lukis graf isipadu gas karbon dioksida melawan masa. [4 marks] (b) Calculate the average rate of reaction for this experiment. Hitungkan kadar tindak balas purata bagi tindak balas ini. [2 marks]

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(c) If the experiment is repeated by using 50.0 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid, sketch the expected curve in graph (b) . Jika eksperimen diulangi menggunakan 50.0 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.1 mol dm-3, lakarkan lengkung yang dijangkakan dalam graf (b). [2 marks] (d) The factor that affects the rate of reaction in this experiment is concentration. State two other factors that can affect the rate of reaction in this experiment. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas dalam eksperimen ini ialah kepekatan. Nyatakan dua lagi faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas eksperimen ini. …………………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………. [2 marks]

5

Figure 5 shows the set up of the apparatus for an experiment to investigate electron transfer at a distance. Rajah 5 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji pemindahan elektron pada satu jarak.

G

Electrode P

Electrode Q

Iron (II) sulphate solution

Bromine water

Sulphuric acid Figure 5 Based on Figure 5, answer the following questions. Berdasarkan Rajah 5, jawab soalan-soalan berikut. (a)

Draw the flow of electron in Figure 5. Lukiskan arah aliran elektron dalam Rajah 5. [1 mark]

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(b)

State the function of sulphuric acid. Nyatakan fungsi asid sulfurik. …………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(c)

State the observations for iron(II) sulphate solution and bromine water. Nyatakan pemerhatian untuk larutan ferum(II) sulfat dan air bromin. Solution Larutan

Observation Pemerhatian

Iron(II) sulphate Bromine water [2 marks] (d)

Write the half equation for the reactions that occur at electrode P and Q. Tuliskan setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas yang berlaku pada elektrod P dan Q (i) Electrode P : ……………………………………………………………….. (ii) Electrode Q : ………………………………………………………….……. [2 marks]

(e)

State the oxidising agent and the reducing agent. Nyatakan agen pengoksidaan dan agen penurunan. (i) Oxidising agent : Agen pengoksidaan: ………………………………………………………… (ii) Reducing agent: Agen penurunan…………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]

(f)

State the change of oxidation number for iron in iron(II) sulphate solution. Nyatakan perubahan nombor pengoksidaan bagi ferum dalam larutan ferum(II) sulfat. …………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(g)

Name one chemical substance that can be used to replace bromine water. Namakan satu bahan kimia yang boleh digunakan untuk menggantikan air bromin. …………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

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6 Structure A and B represent molecules of two common cleaning agents, soap and detergent. Struktur A dan B mewakili molekul bagi dua bahan pencuci, sabun dan detergen. Structure A

Structure B

(a) Name the cleaning agent for Namakan bahan pencuci bagi Structure A :……………………………………………………………………… Structure B:……………………………………………………………………… [2 marks] (b) Soap is prepared by heating a mixture of a strong alkali solution and palm oil. Sabun disediakan dengan memanaskan satu campuran larutan alkali kuat dan minyak kelapa sawit. (i) Name the reaction for preparation of soap. Namakan tindak balas bagi penyediaan sabun. ………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark] (ii) Name one strong alkali used in preparing soap Namakan satu alkali kuat yang digunakan dalam penyediaan sabun. ………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark] (iii) Name the homologous series to which palm oil belongs to. Namakan siri homolog bagi kelapa sawit. ………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]

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(c) The statement below is about soap and detergent. “The cleansing action of a detergent is more effective than soap in hard water” Explain the above statement. Kenyataan berikut adalah berkenaan sabun dan detergen. “Tindakan pencucian detergen lebih efektif daripada sabun dalam air liat.” Terangkan kenyataan di atas. ………………..………………………………………………………….………... …………………………………………………………………………………….. [2 marks] (d) Table 6 shows the functions of three types of medicine. Jadual 6 menunjukkan fungsi tiga jenis ubat. Function Fungsi

Type of medicine Jenis ubat

Relieve pain Mengurangkan kesakitan Kills or prevent the reproduction of bacteria Membunuh atau penghalang pertumbuhan bakteria Changes the emotions and behaviour of the patient Mengubah emosi dan perlakuan pesakit Table 6 Complete Table 6 by writing the type of medicine in the spaces provided. Lengkapkan jadual 6 dengan menulis jenis ubat di ruang yang disediakan. [3 marks]

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Section B [ 20 marks ] Answer any one question. Jawab mana-mana satu soalan. 7

Figure 7 shows one of the element in the Periodic Table of Elements. Rajah 7 menunjukkan satu daripada unsur di dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.

24 12 X Figure 7 (a)

Explain how to determine the position of element X in the Periodic Table of Elements. Terangkan bagaimana menentukan kedudukan unsur X dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur. [5 marks]

(b)

Proton number of lithium and sodium are 3 and 11 respectively. Explain why lithium is less reactive than sodium. Nombor proton litium dan natrium ialah 3 dan 11 masing-masing. Terangkan mengapa litium kurang reaktif daripada natrium. [5 marks]

(c)

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Describe an experiment to compare the reactivity of lithium and sodium when reacted with water. Your description should also include the observations, the name of products and chemical equations for the reactions. Huraikan satu eksperimen untuk membandingkan kereaktifan litium dan natrium apabila bertindak balas dengan air. Huraian anda perlu juga mengandungi pemerhatian, nama hasil tindak balas dan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku. [10 marks]

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8

Diagram 8 shows information about a hydrocarbon P. Rajah 8 menunjukkan maklumat berkenaan hidrokarbon P.    

Carbon Hydrogen Relative molecular mass Relative atomic mass

: 85.7% : 14.3 % : 42 : C=12 ; H=1

Diagram 8 (a) Based on the information given, Berdasarkan maklumat yang diberikan, o determine the molecular formula of P. tentukan formula molekul bagi P. o draw the structural formula of P. lukiskan formula struktur P. o name P. namakan P. o write the general formula of P. tuliskan formula am bagi P., [10 marks] (b) Hydrocarbon P can be converted into hydrocarbon Q by hydrogenation reaction. Hidrokarbon P boleh ditukarkan kepada hidrokarbon Q melalui tindak balas penghidrogenan. (i) Write a chemical reaction for this reaction. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas ini. [1 mark] (ii) Hydrocarbon P and Q are burnt completely in air. Compare the sootiness of the flame produced during the reaction. Explain your answer. Hidrokarbon P dan Q terbakar dengan lengkap dalam udara. Bandingkan kejelagaan nyalaan yang terhasil semasa tindak balas ini. Terangkan jawapan anda. [6 marks]

(c) Describe briefly how to convert P into an alcohol. Huraikan secara ringkas bagaimana P boleh ditukarkan kepada satu alkohol. [3 marks] . 4541/2

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Figure 9 shows the symbols which represent three elements W, X and Y. Rajah 9 menunjukkan simbol yang mewakili tiga unsur W, X dan Y.

9

12 6W

7 3X

35 Y 17

Figure 9 (a) Elements W and Y react to form a covalent compound, while elements X and Y react to form an ionic compound. Unsur W dan unsur Y bertindak balas untuk membentuk sebatian kovalen, manakala unsur X dan unsur Y bertindak balas untuk membentuk sebatian ionik. Describe the formation of the chemical compounds between Huraikan pembentukan sebatian kimia antara (i)

elements W and Y

(ii)

elements X and Y [16 marks]

(b)

`Ionic compound has higher melting point than covalent compound` ` Sebatian ion mempunyai takat lebur yang lebih tinggi daripada sebatian kovalen`

Explain the above statement. Terangkan pernyataan di atas. [4 marks]

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10 The thermochemical equation for the combustion of butanol is given as follows: Persamaan termokimia bagi pembakaran butanol adalah seperti berikut. C 4 H 9 OH + 6O 2 

4CO 2 + 5H 2 O

∆H = -2679 kJmol-1

[Relative atomic mass : H=1, C=12, O=16, specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 Jg-1 oC-1] (a) Write three interpretations or statements that can be obtained from the above equation. Tuliskan tiga interpretasi atau kenyataan yang boleh dibuat dari persamaan di atas. [3 marks] (b) Calculate the mass of butanol that must be burnt to raise the temperature of 400 cm3 of water by 25°C. Kira jisim butanol yang perlu dibakar untuk menaikkan suhu 400 cm3 air sebanyak 25°C. [3 marks] (c) Describe an experiment to determine the heat of combustion of butanol. Your answer should include: Huraikan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan haba pembakaran butanol. Jawapan anda mestilah mengandungi: (i)

apparatus set-up susunan radas yang digunakan [2 marks]

(ii)

procedure of the experiment prosedur eksperimen [6 marks]

(iii) data obtained from the experiment data yang diperolehi daripada eksperimen [2 marks] (iv) calculation of heat of combustion of butanol. penghitungan haba pembakaran butanol. [4 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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SPACE FOR ANSWER Section…………………. Question No………………………….. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 4541/2

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Section…………………. Question No………………………….. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 4541/2

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Section…………………. Question No………………………….. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

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SULIT 4541/3 CHEMISTRY Kertas 3 Sept. 2009 1½ jam

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No. Kad Pengenalan: ………................…......………....

Angka Giliran: ......……….......

Nama: …….…………......…….............…………….

Tingkatan: …….....……........…

PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH NEGERI KEDAH DARUL AMAN

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2009 CHEMISTRY Paper 3 One hour and thirty minutes

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU 1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa. 2. Soalan dalam Bahasa Inggeris mendahului soalan yang sepadan dalam Bahasa Melayu. 3. Calon dibenarkan menjawab keseluruhan atau sebahagian soalan sama ada dalam Bahasa Inggeris atau Bahasa Melayu. 4. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman belakang kertas soalan ini.

Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa

Soalan

Markah Markah penuh diperoleh

1

18

2

15

3

17

JUMLAH

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 7 halaman bercetak

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1 A group of students carried out an experiment to investigate the effect of type of electrodes when aqueous copper(II) chloride solution is electrolysed. The electrolysis was first carried out by using carbon electrodes. Both the electrodes were weighed. Copper(II) chloride solution was electrolysed for 45 minutes. Then both the carbon electrodes were weighed again. The experiment was repeated by replacing carbon electrodes with copper electrodes. Sekumpulan pelajar menjalankan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan jenis elektrod apabila larutan akueus kuprum(II) klorida dielektrolisis. Elektrolisis dimulakan dengan menggunakan elektrod karbon. Kedua-dua elektrod karbon itu ditimbang. Larutan kuprum(II) klorida dielektrolisis selama 45 minit. Kemudian kedua-dua elektrod karbon ditimbang semula. Eksperimen itu diulang dengan menggantikan elektrod-elektrod karbon dengan elektrodelektrod kuprum. Diagram 1.1 shows the set-up of apparatus used for the electrolysis of copper(II) chloride solution using carbon electrodes. Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi elektrolisis larutan kuprum(II) klorida menggunakan elektrod-elektrod karbon. Beginning of the experiment Permulaan eksperimen.

After 45 minutes Selepas 45 minit A

A

Carbon electrodes

Copper(II) chloride solution (blue in colour)

Diagram 1.1

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Diagram 1.2 shows the set-up of apparatus for the electrolysis of copper(II) chloride solution using copper electrodes. Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi elektrolisis larutan kuprum(II) klorida menggunakan elektrod-elektrod kuprum. Beginning of the experiment Permulaan eksperimen.

After 45 minutes Selepas 45 minit A

A

Copper electrodes

Copper(II) chloride solution (blue in colour) Diagram 1.2 (a)

Write the observation and inference obtained at the carbon anode and both the copper electrodes during the electrolysis. Tuliskan pemerhatian dan inferens yang diperolehi pada anod karbon dan keduadua elektrod kuprum semasa elektrolisis itu. Type of electrodes Jenis elektrod Carbon anode Anod karbon

Observations Pemerhatian

Inference Inferens

Copper anode Anod kuprum

Copper cathode Katod kuprum

[6 marks]

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(b)

Based on the experiment, state Berdasarkan eksperimen, nyatakan the manipulated variable. (i) pemboleh ubah yang dimanipulasikan. …………………………………………………………………………..………………

(ii)

the responding variable. pemboleh ubah yang bergerak balas. …………………………………….…………………………………………………….

(iii)

(c)

the constant variable. pemboleh ubah yang dimalarkan.

………………………………………………………………………………………….. [3 marks] State the hypothesis for the experiment. Nyatakan hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.

………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… [3 marks] (d)

Based on the experiment in Diagram 1.1, state the colour change of the copper(II) chloride solution after 45 minutes. Berdasarkan eksperimen dalam Rajah 1.1,nyatakan perubahan warna larutan kuprum(II) klorida selepas 45 minit. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… [3 marks]

(e)

Classify all the ions present in copper(II) chloride solution into cations and anions. Kelaskan semua ion yang hadir dalam larutan kuprum(II) klorida kepada kation dan anion.

[3 marks]

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2 A student carried out an experiment to determine the end-point for the titration of 25.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution with 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid. Phenolphthalein is used as the acid-base indicator. Hydrochloric acid is added until the end-point of titration is reached. Table 1 shows the three burette readings for the titrations that have been conducted. Seorang pelajar menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan takat akhir bagi pentitratan antara 25 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 larutan natrium hidroksida dengan 1.0 mol dm-3 asid hidroklorik. Fenolftalein digunakan sebagai penunjuk asid – bes. Asid hidroklorik ditambah sehingga takat akhir pentitratan tercapai. Jadual 1 menunjukkan tiga bacaan buret bagi pentitratan yang telah dijalankan.

Titration no.

Initial burette reading

I

II

III

0

13

25

1

14

26

2

15

27

Bacaan awal burette

……………......

Final burette reading

……………......

……………......

12

25

38

13

26

39

14

27

40

Bacaan akhir burette

……………......

……………......

……………......

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(a)

Record the burette readings for the three titrations in the spaces provided in Table 1. Rekodkan bacaan buret untuk ketiga-tiga pentitratan di ruang yang disediakan dalam Jadual 1 [3 marks]

(b)

Construct a table and record the initial burette reading, final burette reading and the volume of acid used for each titration. Bina satu jadual dan rekodkan bacaan awal buret, bacaan akhir buret dan isipadu asid yang digunakan untuk setiap pentitratan.

[3 marks]

(c)

Calculate the average volume of hydrochloric acid used in the experiment. Hitungkan isipadu purata asid hidroklorik yang digunakan dalam eksperimen tersebut.

[3 marks]

(d)

If the experiment is repeated by replacing 1.0 mol dm-3 of hydrochloric acid with 1.0 mol dm-3 of sulphuric acid, predict the volume of sulphuric acid needed to reach the endpoint of titration. Jika eksperimen itu diulang dengan menggantikan 1.0 mol dm-3 asid hidroklorik dengan 1.0 mol dm-3 asid sulfurik, ramalkan isipadu asid sulfurik yang diperlukan untuk mencapai takat akhir pentitratan. ………………………………………...……………………………………………………….. [3 marks]

(e)

Give the operational definition for the end-point of titration. Beri definisi secara operasi bagi takat akhir pentitratan. ..................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [3 marks]

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3

The equation represents the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Persamaan di bawah mewakili tindak balas penguraian hidrogen peroksida. 2H 2 O 2  2H 2 O + O 2

The rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide can be increased by adding manganese(IV) oxide powder which acts as a catalyst. Plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of catalyst on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Kadar penguraian hidrogen peroksida boleh ditingkatkan dengan menambah serbuk mangan(IV) oksida yang bertindak sebagai mangkin. Rancang satu eksperimen dalam makmal untuk mengkaji kesan mangkin ke atas kadar penguraian hidrogen peroksida. Your planning should include the following: Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut: (a)

Problem statement Pernyataan masalah

(b)

All the variables Semua pembolehubah

(c)

Statement of the hypothesis Pernyataan hipotesis

(d)

List of substances and apparatus Senarai bahan dan radas

(e)

Procedure of the experiment Prosedur eksperimen

(f)

Tabulation of data Penjadualan data [17 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH NEGERI KEDAH DARUL AMAN

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2009

MARKING SCHEME CHEMISTRY PAPER 1,2 & 3 PAPER MARKS 1 50 2 100 3 50 TOTAL 200

4541

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PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2009 KEDAH DARUL AMAN PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN

CHEMISTRY PAPER Paper 1 Paper 2 Paper 3

MARKS 50 100 50 200

Total

Jumlah markah diskalakan kepada 100% CHEMISTRY Paper 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

A B D A B A D B D C D C A C D A B D B A D A B B A

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

D B C B C A B B C D C D C D A C A B D C A A C D B

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CHEMISTRY PAPER 2 1.

(a) (b) (c)

(i) The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom (ii) 18 Q and R, Q and R have same number of protons but different number of neutrons/ different nucleon number (i) 2.8.7 (ii)

R

1

Number of shells(3)

1

Number of electrons

1

(iii) 7 (iv) R-

1 1

(v)

1

Atom R accepts one electron Total

2

1 1 1 1

10

(a)

Electrical energy to chemical energy

1

(b)

Refer to the diagram, copper at the left hand side

1

(c)

Dissolves//becomes thinner

1

(d)

Cu

(e)

Position of ion in Electrochemical Series

(f)

Remains unchanged//same 1 The rate of ionisation at the anode is balanced by the rate of copper(II) ions discharged at the cathode// Concentration of copper(II) ions in the 1 solution remains unchanged

(g)

(i)

Cu2+

+

2e

Extraction of metal / Purification of metal

1 1

1

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(ii)

Iron spoon

Silver plate Silver nitrate solution 1 1

Correct apparatus set-up Correct label

Total 10 3 (a) Tin

1

(b) Atom

1

(c) (i)

1

(ii)

Correct drawing Correct label (d) In pure copper, the atoms can slide easily In alloy, tin atoms(foreign atoms) disrupt the orderly arrangement of copper atoms Layers of atoms cannot slide easily

1 1 1 1 1

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(e) To increase lustre / to beutify the metal surface / to make decorative /ornaments/shiny Does not corrode easily//to increase resistance towards corrosion

1 1

Total 10 1 1 1 1

4 (a) Labelling of axis is correct Suitable scale Transferring of point is correct Graph is smooth and start from zero (b)

(c)

36 120

1

= 0.3 cm3s-1

1

Volume of gas/cm3 I

11

Time/s

The curve of graph II is less steep than the curve of graph 1. The volume of gas produced in experiment II is half produced in experiment 1. (d) Temperature Total surface area

1 1 1 1 Total 10

5

(a)

From electrode P to electrode Q [show on the diagram]

G

1

(b)

To allow movement flow of ions

1

(c)

Iron(II) sulphate solution: green to brown Bromine water : brown to colourless

1 1

(d)

(i) Fe2+  Fe3+ + e

1

(e)

(ii)Br 2 + 2e  2Br(i) Bromine water

1 1

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(f) (g)

(ii) Iron(II) ion // Iron(II) sulphate solution//Fe2+//FeSO 4

1

+2 to +3// +2  +3 Chlorine water // Acidified potassium manganate(VII) Solution//Acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution

1 1 Total

6

10

(a) A: detergent B: soap (b) (i) saponification (ii) sodium hydroxide / potassium hydroxide (iii) ester (c) Detergent does not form scum (insoluble salt) with the Ca2+ or Mg2+ ions present in the hard water. Soap forms scum in hard water.

1 1 1 1 1 1

(d) analgesic antibiotic psychotherapeutic

1 1 1

1

Total 10

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Section B 7

(a)

Electron arrangement of atom X is 2.8.2 Atom X has two valence electrons Hence, it is located in Group 2 Atom X has three occupied shells//three shells filled with electrons Hence, it is located in Period 3

1 1 1 1 1

(b)

Electron arrangement of lithium 2.1 Atomic radius of lithium is smaller than sodium//atomic size of lithium smaller than sodium The distance between the nucleus of lithium and the valence electrons is shorter /nearer/closer The force of attraction between the nucleus of lithium and the valence electron is stronger Hence, the valence electron is more difficult to be released

1

5 1 1 1 1 5 (c)

Procedure 1-A small piece of lithium is cut using a knife 2-The oil on the surface of lithium is removed using filter paper 3-Lithium is then placed slowly on the surface of water in a beaker/basin 4-The experiment is repeated using sodium

1 1 1 1

Observation Lithium moves slowly on the surface of water Name of products: lithium hydroxide and hydrogen Sodium moves rapidly/faster/vigorously on the surface of water Name of products: sodium hydroxide and hydrogen Equations 2Li + 2H 2 O  2LiOH + H 2

1 1 1 1 1 1

correct formulae balanced equation

or 2Na + 2H 2 O  2NaOH + H 2

10 Total

20

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8

(a) Elements

Carbon

Hydrogen

Mass/g

85.7

100- 85.7 = 14.3

85.7 12 = 7.14 7.14 = 1 7.14

14.3 1 =14.3 14.3 = 2 7.14

No of mole Mole ratio Empirical formula

1 1 1 1

CH 2

Molecular formula = (CH 2 ) n Relative molecular mass = (12 + 1x2) n = 42 n =3 Molecular formula of P = C 3 H 6 structural formula: H H H I I I H–C=C–C–H I H propene C n H 2n , n=2,3…..

1 1 1

1 1 1 10

(b) (i) C 3 H 6 + H 2  C 3 H 8

1 1

(ii) P // C 3 H 6

Q // C 3 H 8

Produce more soot

Produce less soot

1+1

% of carbon is higher

% of carbon is lower

1+1

12x3 42

12x3 44

=85.71 %

x 100

x 100

= 81.82 %

1+1 6

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(c)

React P with water/steam Temperature 300 oC Pressure 60 atm Catalyst phosphoric acid

1 2

any 2

3 Total

9

(a) (i)

Electron arrangement atom Y is 2.8.7 Electron arrangement atom W is 2.4 Atom W needs 4 electrons while atom Y needs one electron to achieve the stable electron arrangement, Thus, one atom of W shares 4 pairs of electrons with 4 atoms of Y// diagram

20 1 1 1+1 1 1+1

Y

Y

Y

W

Y

forming a molecule with the formula WY 4 // diagram

1 8

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(ii) Atom X has the electron arrangement 2.1 and atom Y has the electron arrangement 2.8.7 One atom of X donates 1 electron to form ion X+ //equation to achieve a stable(octet) electron arrangement, X X+ + e One atom of Y receives an electron to form ion Y- //equation Y+e Yand achieve a stable (octet) electron arrangement. Ion X+ and ion Y- are attracted together by the strong (electrostatic) forces to form a compound with the formula XY// diagram + X

1 1+1 1 1+1 1 1 8

Y

(b) In ionic compounds, ions are held by strong (electrostatic) forces. High energy is needed to overcome these forces. In covalent compounds, molecules are held by weak (intermolecular) forces //Van der Waals forces Only a little energy is required to overcome the attractive forces.

1 1 1 1 4

Total 10

20

(a) It is an exothermic reaction 2679 kJ of heat is given off when 1 mol of butanol is completely burnt in air or heat of combustion of butanol is 2679 kJmol-1 (b) (i)

1

Functional with correct apparatus set-up Labeling

1 1

1+1 1+1 3

2

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(ii)

1- A spirit lamp containing butanol was weighed accurately. 2- 100 cm3 of water was measured using a measuring cylinder and poured into a metal can. 3- The metal can was placed on a clay-pipe triangle supported by a tripod stand. The initial temperature of the water was recorded. 4- The spirit lamp was lit and placed below the metal can. 5- The can was heated until the temperature of the water rose by about 50 oC. 6- The fire was put off and the final temperature of the water recorded. 7- The spirit lamp was reweighed.

(iii) Rise in temperature is (t 2 – t 1 ) = T oC Mass of butanol burnt is (m 1 – m 2 ) = M gram (iv) 1- Heat given out during reaction is mcӨ = (100)(4.2)(T) Joule = 420T Joule 2- M gram of C 4 H 9 OH burnt releases 420T J of heat. Therefore 1 mole of butanol, (74 g) burnt will release 74 x 420T kJ of heat M x 1000 = 31.08 T kJ Heat of combustion of butanol= - 31.08 T kJmol-1 M (c) Heat absorbed by water , Q = mcӨ = 400 x 4.2 x 25 J = 42000J ΔH = Q/n n = Q/ΔH = 42/2679 = 0.016 mol Mass of butanol = 0.016 x 74 =1.16 g Total

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Max 6 1 1 2 1 1

1 1 4 1 1 1

3 20

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CHEMISTRY PAPER 3 Question No. 1 (a)

Rubric

Score

Able to write all observations and corresponding inferences correctly.

6

Sample Answer: Electrode Carbon anode

Observation Mass/size of anode does not change // bubbles of gas are released//effervescence

Inference Chlorine gas is released

Copper anode

Mass/size of anode decreases // anode becomes thinner

Copper(II) ion is formed Copper is formed

Mass/size of cathode increases/becomes thicker // cathode becomes thicker//Brown solid is deposited/formed. Able to write all observations and two corresponding inferences correctly Able to write all observations and one corresponding inference correctly// two observations and two corresponding inferences correctly Able to write two observations and one corresponding inference correctly// Able to write three observations correctly without any inference. Able to write one observation and corresponding inference correctly. Able to write two observations correctly without any inference. Able to write any one observation correctly. No response or wrong response Copper cathode

Question No. 1 (b)

Rubric Able to state the three variables correctly. Sample Answer: Manipulated variable: Types of electrodes. Responding variable: Product at the anodes Constant variable: Electrolyte// Copper(II) chloride solution

5 4 3 2 1 0

Score 3

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Able to state any two variables correctly Able to state any one variable correctly No response or wrong response Question No. 1(c)

Rubric Able to write the hypothesis correctly with direction

2 1 0 Score 3

Sample answer: Carbon anode produces oxygen gas while copper anode dissolves/produces copper(II) ion. Able to write the hypothesis without direction

2

Sample answer: Carbon anode produces different product compared to copper anode. Able to give an idea about hypothesis. Sample answer: Different types of anode produces different substances

1

No response or wrong response

0

Question No. 1 (d)

Rubric Able to state the colour change in copper(II) chloride solution accurately after 45 minutes.

Score 3

Sample answer: The blue colour of copper(II) chloride solution becomes light blue/ paler // The intensity of blue copper(II) chloride solution decreases. [Reject colourless] Able to describe the change in copper(II) chloride solution less correctly after 45 minutes.

2

Sample answer: The colour of copper(II) chloride solution becomes paler // The intensity of copper(II) chloride solution decreases. Able to give any idea of the changes in copper(II) chloride solution after 45 minutes. Sample answer:

1

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Light blue No response or wrong response Question No. 1 (e)

0

Rubric

Score

Able to classify all the ions present in the copper(II) chloride solution accurately.

3

Sample answer: Positive ion: Copper(II) ion / Cu2+ and hydrogen ion / H+ Negative ion: hydroxide ion / OH- and chloride ion / Cl-

Question No. 2(a)

Able to classify any three ions in the copper(II) chloride solution correctly.

2

Able to classify any two ions in the copper(II) chloride solution correctly.

1

No response or wrong response

0

Rubric Able to record all the volumes with units accurately. Initial burette readings: 0.80 cm3, 13.40 cm3, 25.90 cm3 Final burette readings : 13.40 cm3, 25.90 cm3, 38.40 cm3 Able to record all the volumes accurately but without units / one decimal place. Initial burette readings: 0.8, 13.4, 25.9 Final burette readings : 13.4, 25.9, 38.4 Able to write at least four readings of the volumes accurately. No response or wrong response

Score 3

2

1 0

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Question No. 2(b)

Rubric Able to construct a table correctly containing three labelled columns with correct units and record all the burette readings and volume of acids used accurately. Suggested answer: Titration No. Initial burette reading/cm3 Final burette reading/cm3 Volume of acid used/cm3

Question No. 2(c)

Question No. 2(d)

Score

I 0.80

II 13.40

II 25.90

13.40

25.90

38.40

12.60

12.50

12.50

3

2

[Able to construct a table correctly containing three labelled columns without units/one decimal place and record all the volumes accurately] [Able to construct a table with at least three labels and four correct readings] No response or wrong response

1

Rubric

Score

Able to calculate the average volume of acid used correctly and with unit Suggested answer: Volume of acid used = 12.6 + 12.5 + 12.5 3 = 12.5 cm3 Able to calculate the average volume correctly but without unit. Able to show the calculation of average volume of acid used but incorrect answer No response or wrong response

3

Rubric [Able to state the volume correctly] 6.25 cm3 Able to state the volume but to one decimal place 6.3 cm3// [6.0 – 7.0] cm3 Able to state the volume but inaccurately 12.5 cm3//25.0 cm3 No response or wrong response

0

2 1 0 Score 3 2 1 0

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Question No. 2(e)

Rubric Able to state operational definition correctly.

Score 3

Sample answer: A point at which pink colour of the phenolphthalein in the solution turns colourless when acid is added.

Able to state operational definition less correctly.

2

Sample answer: A point at which the phenolphthalein in the solution changes colour when acid is added.

Able to give an idea for operational definition.

1

Sample answer: The colour of the solution changes.

No response or wrong response

0

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Question 3(a)

Explanation

Maximum score

[Able to write the problem statement of the experiment accurately.] Sample answer: How does a catalyst affect the rate of reaction? ** [If aim is given, award score 2]. [Able to write the problem statement of the experiment correctly.]

3

Sample answer: Does a catalyst affect the rate of reaction?

2

[Able to write a relevant idea about the problem statement of the experiment//Able to write aim of experiment correctly.] Sample answer: Catalyst affects the rate of reaction . // Manganese(IV) oxide affects the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. [No response given or wrong response]

Question 3(b)

Explanation

1

0 Maximum score

[Able to state the three variables correctly.] Sample answer: Manipulated variable : Presence of manganese(IV) oxide Responding variable : Rate of Reaction

3

Constant variable : Concentration and volume of hydrogen peroxide solution // temperature of hydrogen peroxide solution. [Able to state any two variables correctly.]

2

[Able to state only one variable correctly.]

1

[No response given or wrong response]

0

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Question 3(c)

Explanation

Maximum score

[Able to state the relationship correctly between the manipulated variable and the responding variable with direction] 3

Suggested answer: Catalyst/ manganese(IV) oxide increases the rate of reaction. [Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable .] Sample answer:

2

Catalyst / Manganese (IV) oxide changes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. [Able to state the idea of hypothesis] Sample answer:

1

Catalyst/ manganese(IV) oxide affects the rate of reaction. [No response given or wrong response]

Question 3(d) **

Explanation

0

Maximum score

[Able to state complete list of substances and apparatus.] Sample answer: Substances: 20-volume hydrogen peroxide solution, manganese(IV) oxide powder. Apparatus: test tube, wooden splinter, test tube rack, spatula, 10cm3 measuring cylinder.

3

[Able to state all substances, test tube, wooden splinter and measuring cylinder correctly.] [Able to state all substances, test tube, wooden splinter correctly}

2

[No response given or wrong response]

0

1

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Question 3(e) **

Explanation

Maximum score

[Able to list all the steps in the procedure correctly] Suggested answer: 1. Label two test tubes as A and B. 2. Measure 5 cm3 of 20-volume hydrogen peroxide and pour it into test tube A. Repeat the same procedure for test tube B. 3. Add one spatula of manganese(IV) oxide powder into test tube B. 4. Shake the two test tubes and place them in a test tube rack. 5. Immediately hold a glowing wooden splinter separately at the open edge of each of the test tubes. 6. Observe and record the changes. [Able to list down Steps 2, 3 and 5.]

2

[Able to list down steps 2, 5]

1

[No response given or wrong response]

0

Question 3(f) **

3

Explanation

Maximum score

[Able to tabulate the data with the following aspects] 1. Correct titles 2. Label of test tubes Sample answer: Test tube

Observation

2

A B [Able to construct a table with at least the title] Test tube

Observation 1

[No response given or wrong response]

0

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Alternative answer for 3(d), 3(e) and 3(f). Question 3(d)

Explanation [Able to state complete list of substances and apparatus.] Sample answer: Substances: [10- 20-volume] hydrogen peroxide solution, manganese(IV) oxide powder, water. Apparatus: 50cm3 measuring cylinder, 100 cm3 conical flask, basin, delivery tube, burette, retort stand with clamp, stop watch.

3

[Able to state all substances, conical flask, delivery tube, basin, burette and stop watch correctly.] [Able to state all substances, conical flask, basin, burette and stop watch correctly} [No response given or wrong response]

2

Explanation

Maximum score

Question 3(e)

Maximum score

1 0

[Able to list all the steps in the procedure correctly] Suggested answer: 1. A burette is filled with water until it is full and then inverted into a basin of water. The burette is clamped onto a retort stand. 2. The meniscus of the water in the burette is adjusted to a reading of 50cm3. It is recorded as the initial burette reading. 3. (50- 100 cm3) of [10- 20-volume] hydrogen peroxide solution is measured and poured into a conical flask. 4. 0.5 – 2.0 g manganese(IV) oxide is added into the conical flask. 5. The conical flask is immediately stoppered and the stopwatch is started. 6. The conical flask is shaken throughout the experiment. 7. The volume of gas collected in the burette is recorded at intervals of 30 seconds. 8. Repeat the experiment without adding the manganese(IV) oxide powder.

3

[Able to list down Steps 1,3,4,5,7,8]

2

[Able to list down steps 3,4,5.7] [No response given or wrong response]

1 0

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Question 3(f)

Explanation

Maximum score

[Able to tabulate the data with the following aspects] 1. Correct titles and units 2. Time Sample answer: 2 Time/s 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 Burette reading/cm3 Volume of gas/cm3 [Able to construct a table with at least the title] Time Burette reading Volume of gas

1

0 [No response given or wrong response]

END OF MARKING SCHEME