Sika Tunnels & Waterproofing V2.pdf

WATERPROOFING FOR TUNNELS & STATIONS TECHNOLOGIES & SOLUTIONS HARRY M. NG, JR. SALES MANAGER/ TM ROOFING MANAGER MARCH 16, 2017

WATERPROOFING FOR TUNNELS & STATIONS TECHNOLOGIES & SOLUTIONS

Steve Hunter Corporate Specifications Manager ROE – TM Waterproofing

CONTENT 

Design considerations Design considerations



Risks of waterproofing design



Innovative solutions



Conclusions

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS STARTING POINT - RISK / RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT Owners Project Requirements = Basic Design Criteria  Durability / Service Life = 100 years +  100% Waterproof structures  Waterproofing details of ALL UNDERGROUND TUNNELS & STATIONS  Cost optimization (TCO = Total Costs of Ownership including maintenance)

Environmental Conditions  Prevailing soil conditions ??  Water table levels ??  High chloride content??  Hydrocarbons?? Risks in Entire Construction Process  On-site conditions (shallow - deep foundations, steel congestion, etc)  Workmanship and production quality (ability to QA/QC joints etc)  Cost and time pressures

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS : LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT … OR THE TRAP OF LOW INITIAL INVESTMENT VS RISK Investment for waterproofing system versus total investment in civil works

Water ingress causes 80% of damages resulting in huge maintenance and repair costs

5-6 %

94 – 95 %

20 %

80%

A reliable Waterproofing System substantially reduces the Total Costs of Ownership (TCO) over the entire service life of a concrete structure

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS PREDICTABLE INFLUENCES  Basement depth

 Water table level  Soil conditions  Ground contaminants  Temperature  Mechanical stresses  Construction method

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS : CONSTRUCTION METHOD OPEN CUT EXCAVATION Integral Waterproofing Systems:  Sika White Box/ Watertight Concrete System

Externally applied WP systems:  Compartmentalized membrane systems  Pre- and post-applied fully bonded sheet membranes  Watertight concrete using waterproofing admixture and optimized water cement ratio.

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS : CONSTRUCTION METHODS PRESSURISED SYSTEM (SUBMARINE)  Full water pressure on the concrete shell and higher risk of water ingress.  Increased concrete thickness and higher lining costs.  Environmentally friendly and relevelling of water table.  Lower maintenance costs except for leak fixing.  Higher risk of waterproofing membrane failure.  Build in defence strategies?  Waterproof concrete  Integrated injection system

Water level

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS : CONSTRUCTION METHODS WATERPROOFING WITH SHEET MEMBRANES  Partial waterproofing

 Full waterproofing

 Resists percolating water  Lateral drainage systems required where membrane terminates  One step membrane installation

 Resists full water pressure  No drainage systems required  Two step membrane installation

INTRODUCTION FUNCTIONALITY (DEGREE OF WATERTIGHTNESS) International standards in tunnel waterproofing:  German standard Ril 853  Swiss standard SIA 272 / 197  British Standards BS 8102  STUVA Report Example Ril 853

BELOW GROUND WATERPROOFING SWISS STANDARDS / GUIDELINES 

SIA 272 (Swiss standard) 2009, table 4, page 19 – recommended waterproofing systems Application field

•Open pits •Cut&cover •Galeries

Mined tunnel

Pit& Ponds

Water canals

Swimmingpools

Water reservoirs

Sewage plants

Upcomming humidity

according standard SIA 270, table 3

B1.1 B1.2

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

B7

E

Watertightness class of the whole structure

1 or 2

1 or 2

2 or 3

2 or 3

1 or 2

2

2

1

x x x

x x

x x

x x

x x

x x

x x x x x

x1 x

rigid 3.1 watetight concrete 3.2 watertight mortar 3.3 fluid asphalt flexible 3.4 polymer-bitumen 3.5 plastic sheet membrane 3.6 bentonite layer 3.7 liquid applied membrane 3.8 polymer- mod. bituminouse coatings

1

x

x1

x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

lower-ranked (subordinated) application fields (e.g. canal lining, emergency escape tunnel)

x x x

X recommended

BELOW GROUND WATERPROOFING SWISS STANDARDS / GUIDELINES Definition of watertightness according SIA 272/197 and STUVA Report Class 1

Class 2

Class 3

Class 4

Completely dry

Dry to slightly moist

Moist

Moist to wet

No moist parts on the dry part of the tunnel surface permitted

Single failing parts permitted. No dropping water on the dry part of the tunnel surface is permitted

Partly limited moist parts and single dropping parts on the dry part of the tunnel surface are permitted

Moisty parts and dropping parts permitted

 Clean air rooms  Dry rooms  Energy supply rooms  Metro stations (presence of people)

 Road tunnels highway  Road tunnels in frosty zones  High speed train tunnels  Parking areas

 Regional railways  Metro lines

• sewage tunnels

Water infiltration in l/sqm within 24h acc. STUVA 0

0-0.1

0.1-0.5

0.5-1.0

BELOW GROUND WATERPROOFING DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS – BS8102:2009 – DESIGN  BS8102 Design Flowchart  Excellent guidelines  BS8102 recommends:  Bringing waterproofing specialists in, as part of the design team  Fully bonded membranes

INITIAL INFORMATION Design philosophy (see Clause 4) • Design team (4.2) Site evaluation (see Clause 5) • Desk study (5.1.1) • Risk assessment (5.1.2) • Water table classification (5.1.3) Review of structure • Type (e.g. new or existing) • Intended use • Foundation form & design • Construction methodology

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

SELECTION OF TYPE A,B OR C WATERPROOFING PROTECTION. IS COMBINED PROTECTION NECESSARY?

 Considering the buildability of the proposed system

SELECTION OF PRIMARY WATERPROOFING SYSTEM

HAS BUILDABILITY BEEN CONSIDERED?

 Considering the repairability of the proposed system

HAS REPAIRABILITY BEEN CONSIDERED?

YES

SOLUTION

NO

BELOW GROUND WATERPROOFING BS8102:2009 – GRADE 1 BASIC UTILITY!!

Grade 1 says water seepage and damp patches ARE allowable??

How easy is this to repair ?? Can you design a building to allow seepage & damp patches only??

CONTENT 

Design considerations



Risks ofofwaterproofing design Risks waterproofing design



Innovative solutions



Conclusions

RISKS OF WATERPROOFING DESIGN

RISKS OF WATERPROOFING DESIGN DON‘T COMPROMISE MONEY ON WATERPROOFING !!! “We can save US$ 30,000 if YOU value engineer the foundations!’’

Pisa Design & Build Ltd

RISKS OF WATERPROOFING DESIGN DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS  Using multiple manufacturers can invalidate warranties  Also causes compatibility issues

RISKS OF WATERPROOFING DESIGN DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS  Using multiple manufacturers can invalidate warranties  Also causes compatibility issues  Detailing without a manufacturer increases the designers risk

RISKS OF WATERPROOFING DESIGN DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS  Using multiple manufacturers can invalidate warranties  Also causes compatibility issues  Detailing without a manufacturer increases the designers risk  Copy previous job specifications can be dangerous!

It should be ok? It worked well in Siberia!

RISKS OF WATERPROOFING DESIGN DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS  Using multiple manufacturers can invalidate warranties  Also causes compatibility issues  Detailing without a manufacturer increases the designers risk  Copy previous job specifications can be dangerous!  Poor preparation & workmanship can lead to failures

RISKS OF WATERPROOFING DESIGN DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS  Using multiple manufacturers can invalidate warranties  Also causes compatibility issues  Detailing without a manufacturer increases the designers risk  Copy previous job specifications can be dangerous!  Poor preparation & workmanship can lead to failures  Discontinuity across difficult areas creates weaknesses

RISKS OF WATERPROOFING DESIGN DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS  Using multiple manufacturers can invalidate warranties  Also causes compatibility issues  Detailing without a manufacturer increases the designers risk  Copy previous job specifications can be dangerous!  Poor preparation & workmanship can lead to failures  Discontinuity across difficult areas creates weaknesses  Durability / service life of the structure vs the membrane

RISKS OF WATERPROOFING DESIGN DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS  Using multiple manufacturers can invalidate warranties  Also causes compatibility issues  Detailing without a manufacturer increases the designers risk  Copy previous job specifications can be dangerous!  Poor preparation & workmanship can lead to failures  Discontinuity across difficult areas creates weaknesses  Durability / service life of the structure vs the membrane

Do YOU still want to RISK the design stage..?

DURABILITY OF WATERPROOFING PRODUCTS WHAT ARE THE RISKS?  Internal water damage

 Concrete deterioration  Reinforcement corrosion

 Reduced design life of the structure  High initial repair costs  Increased maintenance costs  Electrical & fire hazards  Lost revenue

DURABILITY OF WATERPROOFING MEMBRANES NEW STANDARDS - AUSTRIAN TUNNEL GUIDELINE ÖBV  Guideline incorporating the latest knowhow in tunnel waterproofing for closed (NATM and TBM) and cut-and-cover tunnels

 First standard to define test methods and limits for durability requirements, to achieve >100 years for PVC and TPO membranes  Describes additional durability requirements for harsh conditions similar to the Gotthard base tunnel (NEAT) specification  Describes environmental and health aspects (REACH) to be met  Includes requirements for system components (e.g substrate, installation, fixing, welding, flexibility, quality control, inspection & joint design).

ÖBV DESCRIPTION OF THE WATERPROOFING SYSTEM DURABILITY OF WATERPROOFING MEMBRANES  Extract from the 2015 Austrian Tunnel Waterproofing Guideline ÖBV Table 4.6

ÖBV DESCRIPTION OF THE WATERPROOFING SYSTEM DURABILITY OF WATERPROOFING MEMBRANES  Extract from the 2015 Austrian Tunnel Waterproofing Guideline ÖBV Table 4.7  States performance after long term accelerated ageing tests on membrane properties  If durability of >100 years is truly the main focus, the project specifications should include these performance tests  Manufacturers should provide test data to PROVE durability  Not just a manufacturers letter “confirming 100 years durability”!!!

Durability tests for an expected service life of 100+ years, acc. ÖBV Table 4.7 Behavior after storage in hot water

EN 14415

Change of mass: ≤ 7% Reduction of impact load (drop height): ≤ 40%

(=Leaching) 360 days at 70°C

Behavior after storage in saturated limewash 360 days at 50°C Behavior after storage in 5-6% sulphurous acid

EN 14415

EN 1847

360 days at 50°C

Reduction of tensile strength and elongation: ≤ 25% Change of mass: ≤ 7% Reduction of impact load (drop height): ≤ 40% Reduction of tensile strength and elongation: ≤ 25% Change of mass: ≤ 4% Reduction of impact load (drop height): ≤ 30%

120 days at 23°C

Behavior after storage in 0.5% sulphuric acid

Reduction of tensile strength and elongation: ≤ 25%

EN 1847

Reduction of tensile strength and elongation: ≤ 25% Change of mass: ≤ 7% Reduction of impact load (drop height): ≤ 40%

DURABILITY OF WATERPROOFING MEMBRANES MEMBRANE TESTING  Accelerated ageing tests & mathematical modelling  Physical properties are tested in aggravated conditions

Before

 Heat, oxygen, sunlight, vibration, etc  Speeds up the normal ageing processes

 Results are extrapolated to give a predicted lifetime

 Poor accelerated ageing results linked with poor long term performance

After

Fig: Effect of exposure to oxygen-enriched water at +70˚C and 3 bar pressure

 This is what NEAT (new railway tunnels through the Swiss Alps) investigated over their 2.5 & 10 year study

DURABILITY OF WATERPROOFING MEMBRANES CONCLUSIONS Critical Factors: Formulation / base material

Material type

Service Life Expectancy

2.0mm PVC-P

≥ 120 years

1.2mm FPO

≥ 100 years*

 Manufacturing process

1.5mm HDPE

≥ 45 years ¹

 Thickness

0.8mm HDPE

≥ 35 years

1.5mm Bitumen

≥ 25 years ¹

 Physical properties  Virgin material / recycled content

 Protection of the membrane  In-service temperatures

 Soil conditions  Ground water conditions

Source: various including ÖBV, R Kerry Rowe et al, SKZ German Plastics Centre *Tested for aggressive ground conditions – sulphates, chlorides and high temperature. Testing for Gotthard Base Tunnel and Doha Metro.

¹most common membranes used in U.K.

DURABILITY OF WATERPROOFING MEMBRANES SIKA‘S MEMBRANE POSITIONING FOR DURABILITY Durability / Reliability:

 Performance of different waterproofing technologies

Very high: >100 years Special durability testing

High: > 50 years. Water ingress completely under control

Medium: 25 - 50 years. Water ingress very limited

Low: 10 - 20 years. Water ingress limited

Very low: < 10 years. Water ingress not controlled

 Based on:  Chemical base  Exposure conditions  Product testing  Accelerated ageing tests  45 year in service experience  Sika can provide all of these technologies

DURABILITY OF WATERPROOFING MEMBRANES WITH + 40 YEARS SERVICE  Tunnel built in 1970

 PVC membrane installed in 1971  600m long twin tubes, 3 lanes each tube  Recently upgraded for new EU safety regulations

DURABILITY OF WATERPROOFING MEMBRANES WITH + 40 YEARS SERVICE  TUNNEL BUILT IN 1970

 PVC MEMBRANE INSTALLED IN 1971  600M LONG TWIN TUBES, 3 LANES EACH TUBE  RECENTLY UPGRADED FOR NEW EU SAFETY & SECURITY REGULATIONS  INSPECTION & TESTING OF THE MEMBRANE BECAME POSSIBLE

DURABILITY OF WATERPROOFING MEMBRANES WITH + 40 YEARS SERVICE

DURABILITY OF WATERPROOFING MEMBRANES WITH + 40 YEARS SERVICE

DURABILITY OF WATERPROOFING MEMBRANES WITH + 40 YEARS SERVICE

DURABILITY OF WATERPROOFING MEMBRANES NEW STANDARDS  NEAT (Neue Eisenbahn-AlpenTransversale) the new railway tunnels network through the Swiss Alps has carried out a 2.5 and 10 year durability research program for the waterproofing systems in view of a permanent temperature up to 45-50˚C. Section Erstfeld

Section Bodio

Gotthard tunnel, Sikaplan PVC-P

Gotthard tunnel, Sikaplan/Sarnafil FPO

CONTENT 

Design considerations



Risks of waterproofing design



Innovative solutions Innovative solutions



Conclusions

INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS SIKAPLAN® WP, PVC MEMBRANES SIKA WATERSTOP/ WATERBARS SIKA HYDROTITE CJ SIKA FUKO VT1 INJECTION HOSE

SIKAPLAN® WP 1100 HIGH PERFORMANCE PVC MEMBRANE  Sikaplan® WP 1120 HL is provided in two thicknesses for different application fields:  Sikaplan® WP 1120-15 HL with a total thickness of > 1.5mm  Sikaplan® WP 1120-20 HL with a total thickness of > 2.0mm

 Quality parameters:  Twin coloured membrane  Yellow signal layer ≤ 0.2mm thickness  No fillers  No recycled material  No DOP plasticizer  Meets ÖBV spec table 4.6

SIKAPLAN® WP 1100 CERTIFICATES ACC. ÖBV TABLE 4.6

SIKAPLAN® WP TECHNICAL POSITIONING Durability <50y

<100y

High performance applications, very specification driven

SPL WP 2101 (ÖBV 4.6 & 4.7, NEAT spec, SIA, ZTV-ING, REACH compliance)

Standard applications, normally regulated

No technical regulations, low cost driven

<200y

SPL WP 1120 (ÖBV 4.6, SIA, ZTV-ING, REACH compliance)

SPL WP 1181 (REACH compliance)

≥250% 12 N/mm2

≥300% 16 N/mm2

Technical ≥330% 2 17 N/mm Performance

SIKAPLAN® WP WELDED JOINTS  Joints  Fewer joints because of 2.0 x 20m roll or 40 m2 per roll packaging.  Automated  Temperature controlled  Speed controlled  Fully welded  High strength  Double Welded  Consistent  QA / QC tested  Air pressure  Vacuum  Become the strongest part of the system

SIKAPLAN® WP BI-AXIAL BEHAVIOUR OF SIKAPLAN AND BITUMEN

 Bi-(multi) axial behaviour/ burst strength (EN 14151, Ø 1m: > 50%)  E1-2 modulus (material flexibility) acc. ISO 527 (ÖBV/ 2012 AT)  < 65 N/mm2 for TPO  < 20 N/mm2 for PVC  Workability/Welding behaviour acc. DVS* 2225-part 5 (tunneling)  Joints and cracks are always bi-axial

SIKAPLAN® WP INJECTION CONTROL & BACK-UP SYSTEM  Water leakage confined to a limited area 

Compatible grade of waterstop

 Leak detection system  

Leakage will reveal source Known compartment areas

SIKAPLAN® WP INJECTION CONTROL & BACK-UP SYSTEM  Water leakage confined to a limited area 

Compatible grade of waterstop

 Leak detection system  

Leakage will reveal source Known compartment areas

 Leaks sealed with injection material 

Very low viscosity acrylic resin

SIKAPLAN® WP INJECTION CONTROL & BACK-UP SYSTEM  Water leakage confined to a limited area 

Compatible grade of waterstop

 Leak detection system  

Leakage will reveal source Known compartment areas

 Leaks sealed with injection material 

Very low viscosity acrylic resin

 Injection right at leak source   

Known area to inject Calculable High chance of success

SIKAPLAN® WP INJECTION CONTROL & BACK-UP SYSTEM  Water leakage confined to a limited area 

Compatible grade of waterstop

 Leak detection system  

Leakage will reveal source Known compartment areas

 Leaks sealed with injection material 

Very low viscosity acrylic resin

INITIAL INFORMATION Design philosophy (see Clause 4) • Design team (4.2) Site evaluation (see Clause 5) • Desk study (5.1.1) • Risk assessment (5.1.2) • Water table classification (5.1.3) Review of structure • Type (e.g. new or existing) • Intended use • Foundation form & design • Construction methodology

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

SELECTION OF TYPE A,B OR C WATERPROOFING PROTECTION. IS COMBINED PROTECTION NECESSARY?

 Injection right at leak source   

Known area to inject Calculable High chance of success

SELECTION OF PRIMARY WATERPROOFING SYSTEM

HAS BUILDABILITY BEEN CONSIDERED? HAS REPAIRABILITY BEEN CONSIDERED?

 Addresses BS8102 

YES

Buildable SOLUTION

NO

SIKAPLAN® WP INJECTION CONTROL & BACK-UP SYSTEM  Water leakage confined to a limited area 

Compatible grade of waterstop

 Leak detection system  

Leakage will reveal source Known compartment areas

 Leaks sealed with injection material 

Very low viscosity acrylic resin

INITIAL INFORMATION Design philosophy (see Clause 4) • Design team (4.2) Site evaluation (see Clause 5) • Desk study (5.1.1) • Risk assessment (5.1.2) • Water table classification (5.1.3) Review of structure • Type (e.g. new or existing) • Intended use • Foundation form & design • Construction methodology

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

SELECTION OF TYPE A,B OR C WATERPROOFING PROTECTION. IS COMBINED PROTECTION NECESSARY?

 Injection right at leak source   

Known area to inject Calculable High chance of success

SELECTION OF PRIMARY WATERPROOFING SYSTEM

HAS BUILDABILITY BEEN CONSIDERED? HAS REPAIRABILITY BEEN CONSIDERED?

 Addresses BS8102  

Buildable Repairable

YES

SOLUTION

NO

SIKAPLAN® WP INJECTION CONTROL & BACK-UP SYSTEM  Water leakage confined to a limited area 

Compatible grade of waterstop

 Leak detection system  

Leakage will reveal source Known compartment areas

 Leaks sealed with injection material 

Very low viscosity acrylic resin

INITIAL INFORMATION Design philosophy (see Clause 4) • Design team (4.2) Site evaluation (see Clause 5) • Desk study (5.1.1) • Risk assessment (5.1.2) • Water table classification (5.1.3) Review of structure • Type (e.g. new or existing) • Intended use • Foundation form & design • Construction methodology

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

SELECTION OF TYPE A,B OR C WATERPROOFING PROTECTION. IS COMBINED PROTECTION NECESSARY?

 Injection right at leak source   

Known area to inject Calculable High chance of success

SELECTION OF PRIMARY WATERPROOFING SYSTEM

HAS BUILDABILITY BEEN CONSIDERED? HAS REPAIRABILITY BEEN CONSIDERED?

 Addresses BS8102   

Buildable Repairable Leak detection system

YES

SOLUTION

NO

SIKAPLAN® WP APPLICATION FIELDS  Sikaplan® WP membrane series are intended for the use in the following projects with high durability requirements: Mined Tunnels

Cut-and-Cover Tunnels

Shafts

Basements

SIKAPLAN® WP PROJECT REFERENCE IN SWITZERLAND  Ceneri Base Tunnel  Client/Owner:  Alptransit Gotthard AG  Waterproofing applicator:  Gunimperm/Mosconi  Construction period:  2010-2017  Umbrella waterproofing system:  Drainage layer (Geocomposite)  Sikaplan WP and Sikaplan 14.6 NEAT  Sikaplan WP Protection Sheet 21  Sika Dilatec ER-350 at connection to concrete invert

SIKAPLAN® WP 2101 SPECIFICATION REFERENCE - BRENNER BASE TUNNEL

Implementation of complete ÖBV Table 4.7, including 360d testing

Extract of the tender document

PRE-APPLIED MEMBRANES SIKAPLAN WP 1120 Flexible PVC membrane

Adhered joints

Fully bonded system

PRE-APPLIED MEMBRANES SIKAPLAN WP 1120  Full mechanical bond when concrete is cast directly against the system

SIKAPLAN WP 1120 HOW DOES IT WORK? Why Fully Bonded ?  In case of a penetration or damage  Water cannot track or migrate

No lateral water migration up to 10 bar water pressure, tested to EN 1928 (DIN 16726-5.11).

SIKAPLAN WP 1120 HOW DOES IT WORK? Loosely-Laid Membrane (bitumen, hdpe or polymeric sheet membranes) = > Uncontrolled Leakage!

Fully Bonded Membrane (Sikaplan PVC membranes) = > No Water Underflow and Controlled/ Contained Leakage..! > Leak Detection System

SIKAPLAN WP 1120 WATER RESISTANCE & LATERAL WATER MIGRATION Test facility: clamped concrete block with bonded specimen

Water Pressure

(DIN 16726-5.11)  Hole made in the membrane  Water forced through the hole under pressure

Concrete test block

Leakage if untight through pipes in the concrete block

Specimen

SIKAPLAN WP 1120 WATER RESISTANCE & LATERAL WATER MIGRATION EN 1928 (DIN 16726-5.11)  After testing, peel back to check any underflow  No leakage at 5 bar/ 72 hrs then 10 bar/ 24 hrs of water pressure  Joints & details also tested.

SIKAPLAN WP 1120 POST-APPLIED MEMBRANES Existing situation / issues:  Slab –wall toe / footing  Penetrations of shuttering anchors

SIKAPLAN WP 1120 POST-APPLIED MEMBRANES  Post applied PVC membranes.  Uses a fully compatible Adhesive to concrete.  Full continuity of PVC membrane  Huge area coverage per membrane application.  Easy patching of tie-bar holes.

 Toes easily finished

JOINT CONTROL 

Types of joints:  Movement  Expansion  Contraction  Construction  Day work  Control  Induced  De-bonded  Longitudinal  Isolation  Connection  Different materials

JOINT CONTROL: PVC / RUBBER WATERBAR 

Sika® PVC / Rubber Waterbar  Includes Sika Greenstreak range  Expansion & construction joints  Centrally or externally placed



Prefabricated intersections  Essential  Standard range available  Specials can be made



A continuous network  Fully welded

SIKA FUKO VT1 (HYDROPHILIC & INJECTIBLE) 

SikaFuko® VT1 Injection Hose  Quad-port core  Unique integral neoprene valves  Stops concrete getting in  Lets resin out



Allows Injection at Critical Joints  Kicker & construction joints



Used on High Risk Projects  Back up to other waterstops



Re-injectable  Eco-friendly Acrylate or unique hybrid resins  Comprehensive guide for types of injection resins

DETAILING SLAB TO WALL KICKER JOINT WATERPROOFING  Sikaplan WP 1120  (1st line of defence)

 External Waterstop/ Waterbar.  (2nd line of defence)

 SikaFuko Injection hose system  (3rd line of defence)

 Sika Hydrotite  (4th line of defence)

SIKA COMBIFLEX SG FOR JOINT CONTROL 

Sikadur® Combiflex®  PVC or FPO strip over-banding  Very high elongation  1 & 2mm thickness

 Surface adhered using Sikadur®  Epoxy adhesive

 High movement joints  Heat welded to membrane  Using hot air welding

 Tested to 18 bar pressure resistance  Recommended for use up to 12 bar

SIKA COMBIFLEX SG FOR JOINT CONTROL

69

April 27, 2017

Title of Presentation / Meeting Name

DETAILING THE OVERALL WATERPROOFING SYSTEM Consider the following:  Closed waterproofing system  Various levels of WP systems

 Joint detailing  Intersections  high redundancy

APPLICATIONS CUT & COVER TUNNELS Sikaplan WP 1120 Sika Fuko VT1 Injection Hose

Sika Combiflex Sika Hydrotite CJ Type Sika Waterstop/ Waterbars

DETAILING AND SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS PILE HEAD

PILE HEAD SOLUTION CONTINUITY OF PVC WATERPROOFING OVER PILE HEADS  Create a shutter

PILE HEAD SOLUTION CONTINUITY OF PVC WATERPROOFING OVER PILE HEADS  Create a shutter  Incorporate PVC waterstop into the shutter

PILE HEAD SOLUTION CONTINUITY OF PVC WATERPROOFING OVER PILE HEADS  Create a shutter  Incorporate PVC waterstop into the shutter  Re-profile with Sikacrete or Sika Grout.

PILE HEAD SOLUTION CONTINUITY OF PVC WATERPROOFING OVER PILE HEADS  Create a shutter  Incorporate PVC waterstop into the shutter  Re-profile with Sikacrete or Sika Grout  Cure

PILE HEAD SOLUTION CONTINUITY OF PVC WATERPROOFING OVER PILE HEADS  Create a shutter  Incorporate PVC waterstop into the shutter  Re-profile with Sikacrete or Sika Grout.  Cure

 Finish with Sikadur® 42 Epoxy Grout

PILE HEAD SOLUTION CONTINUITY OF PVC WATERPROOFING OVER PILE HEADS  Create a shutter  Incorporate PVC waterstop into the shutter  Re-profile with Sikacrete or Sika Grout.  Cure

 Finish with Sikadur® 42 epoxy grout  Weld Sikaplan® PVC membrane to back of PVC waterstop

CASE STUDIES

TUNNEL WATERPROOFING ROAD TUNNEL, NEUENBURG, SWITZERLAND  Length:  2 x 1500m road tunnels

 Waterproofing system:  Umbrella type

 Product:  Sikaplan WP 20 V

TUNNEL WATERPROOFING SERVICE GALLERY, BASEL, SWITZERLAND  Length:  3500m

 Waterproofing system:  Umbrella type

 Product:  Sikaplan 14.6 v

TUNNEL WATERPROOFING ROAD TUNNEL, AESCH, SWITZERLAND  Length:  2 x 2000m

 Waterproofing system:  Pressurised, fully enclosed type

 Product:  Sikaplan 14.6 v

TUNNEL WATERPROOFING ROAD TUNNEL, FLÜELEN, SWITZERLAND  Length:  2000m

 Waterproofing system:  Umbrella type

 Product:  Sarnafil MP 910-20 Felt

TUNNEL WATERPROOFING ROAD TUNNEL, KOBLENZ, GERMANY  Length:  600m

 Waterproofing system:  Umbrella type

 Product:  Sarnafil MP 915-30

CASE STUDY METRO STATION BOX IN MILAN, ITALY  Compartmentalized PVC sheet membrane system using Sikaplan WP 1100 (formerly Sikaplan 14.6)

CASE STUDY METRO STATION BOX IN MILAN, ITALY  Double layer TPO sheet membrane system (Active control system) using Sikaplan WT 1200 series (formerly Sarnafil TG 68)

CASE STUDY METRO STATION BOX IN MOSCOW, RUSSIA  Compartmentalized PVC sheet membrane system with integrated control and injection back-up.  Sikaplan WP 1100 series

CASE STUDY METRO STATION BOX IN LUSAIL, QATAR  Compartmentalized PVC sheet membrane system with integrated control and injection back-up.  Sikaplan WP 1100 series

CONTENT 

Design considerations

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Risks of waterproofing design

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Innovative solutions

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Conclusions Conclusions

CONCLUSIONS

CONCLUSIONS  Waterproofing can be a risky business

CONCLUSIONS  Waterproofing can be a risky business  Low initial cost compared to the overall build cost

CONCLUSIONS  Waterproofing can be a risky business  Low initial cost compared to the overall build cost  Huge impact if wrong    

Time Money Design life Safety

CONCLUSIONS  Waterproofing can be a risky business  Low initial cost compared to the overall build cost  Huge impact if wrong    

Time Money Design life Safety

 Difficult to correct after construction

CONCLUSIONS  Waterproofing can be a risky business  Low initial cost compared to the overall build cost  Huge impact if wrong    

Time Money Design life Safety

 Difficult to correct after construction  Easy to get right during design stage

CONCLUSIONS: REDUCE RISK BY:  Use the best waterproofing possible  Getting suppliers involved at design stage  Using manufacturers who can provide:     

Quality proven systems not just products Full compatibility Continuity / detailing in difficult areas Demonstrable durability Guarantees

ANY PROJECTS WE CAN HELP YOU WITH ?

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Steve Hunter Corporate Specifications Manager ROE – TM Waterproofing

LET'S DO THIS..!