Rocephin

Brand name: Rocephin Generic name: Ceftriaxone Drug Classification: Antibiotic (Aminoglycosides) Indication: Sepsis, meningitis, abdominal, biliary tract, git, bone, joint, soft tissue, renal, respiratory tract, ENT, genital and skin and wound infections. UTI, gonorrhea. Periop prophylaxis of infections. Mechanism of Action: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin- binding proteins (PBPs) which in turn inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting the cell wall biosynthesis. Bacteria eventually lyse due to ongoing activity of cell wall autolytic enzymes (autolysins and murein hydrolases) while cell wall assembly is arrest. Dose: Adult and children > 12 yr usually 1-2 g once daily. Severe infections > 4 g once daily. Infant and children 20- 80 mg/kg daily. Neonates 20-50 mg/kg daily. Contraindication: Known hypersensitivity to cephalosphorins. Special Precautions: Previous hypersensitivity to penicillins. Anaphylactic shock. Severe renal and hepatic failure. Pregnancy

Adverse Reactions: CNS: seizures (high doses) GI: pseudomembranous colitis, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, cramps, pseudolithiasis DERM: rashes, urticaria Hemat: bleeding, blood dyscrasias, hemolytic anemia Local: pain at IM site, phlebitis at IV site Misc: allergic reactions including anaphylaxis and serum sickness superinfection Form: IM vial- 250mg, 500mg; IV Vial- 1g/50mL, 2g/50mL Pregnancy Risk Category: B Nursing Responsibilities:  Assess patient for infection at the beginning of and throughout therapy.  Observe patient for signs & symptoms of anaphylaxis (rash, pruritus, laryngeal edema, wheezing).  Obtain specimens for culture and sensitivity before initiating therapy.