Refugee Tenancy Training Kit Burmese

tdrfaomh

‘tdrfaomh. . .’

*k%f,pl GmeSifh&yH Hak iGaxmufyHhaomtzGJhtpnf;rsm;rSm

atmif_rif atmif_rifpGmtdrfiSm;7efvrf;!$ef

'kuQonfrom;pk dom;pkrsm;td om; ;trd fiSm;&rf;_cif _cif;eSifhpyf vsOf;Iem;vnf l yD Hhyd;k _cif; Iem;vnfoabmayguf7efun

64 tD;ktdrfOD;pD;XmeRTA, Interlink tdrfeSifhaxmufyhHa7;tzGJhtpnf;/ACCES 0efaqmifrSKvKyf ief;wdkhrS0rf;a_rmuf*K%f,LpGmeSifh&HyHKaiGaxmufhyHhITvrf;!$efudkxkwfa0ygonf?

_yk_yifxed f;odrf;_cif;eSifhywfoufaomyHpk H

ed'gef; √

Tvrf;nGSefonfLogan/GoldCoaste,f a_rrsm;twGif;Yay:xGuf nf fvmaeaom,Ofaus;rSkKeSifhbmom7yf_cm;pum;tm;_zifhtrsdL;rsLd;uGJ_ym;_cm;em; aeonfhvlrsdkL;pkjuD;6pk.rdom;pk0ifrsm;tm;ulnDyHhydk;ay;7eftwGuf7nf7G,f csuf_zifh_yKpkxm;_cif;_zpfygonf? Trdom;pk0ifrsm;tm;vkH;tdrfiSm;7rf;_cif;eSifhpyfvsOf;Irdrdwdkh.tcGifhta7;eSifh wm0ef0wW7m;rsm;tajumif;udko7d Sdem;vnfoabmaygufju7ef7nf7G,f 7if;_zifhygonf? RTA, Interlink,ACCESwd wdkh.aiGaxmufyHhrKS _zifh_ykpkxm;aomT vrf;!$efonftdrfiSm;&rf;_cif;eSifhqufpyfIvlrsdL;pkrsm;trSefppfppfawGhjuKHcH pm;_zpfysufcJhbl;onfrsm;udk,cif_zpfysufawGhjuHKcHpm;cJhju7aomolrsm; tm;ar;_ref;pHkprf;okaooe_yKvkyf_yD;_yKpkxm;_cif;_zpfygonf? Logan/Gold Coast w0du k fwGifaexdkifjuaomvlrsdK;pkjuD;6pk.ul nDyhHydk;rSkeSifhvKdS ufvKdS ufvSJvSJyg0ifulnDtm;ay;rSkKrsm;udkvnf;vGefpGmaus;Zl; wif&dSygonf?ar;cGef;rsm;?pum;0dkif;rsm;eSifht"du&nfpl;aomtkyfpkrsm;.tul tnD_zihftvGefta&;juD;aomowif;yvif;pHkvifpGmudk&&dScJhygaomajumidh Tvrf;n$efpmtkyf_zpfay:vmygonf?Tvrf;n$efonf,Ofaus;rSkKeSifhbmomp um;tm;_zifhuGJ_ym;_cm;em;juaomvlrsKd ;tkyfpktrsKd;rsdK;tm;ynmay;eSifhcGeftm; ay;axmufyHhedKifaomenf;vrf;aumif;wck_zpfonfeSifhtnDydkrdkus,f_yefhaom vlrsKd ;tkyfpkaygif;pHkrsm;txdatmifwGifus,fedKif&efarSsmfvifh&nfoefaomt_rif _zifhxkwfa0_cif;_zpfygonf?

_iif;qdck suf

Tvrf;n$efonfQueenslandtd QueenslandtdrfiSm;Oya'ta^umif;vG,ful&iS f;vif;pGmoabmayguf Queensland &efvrf;nGSefoufoufom_zpfygonf?tdrfiSm;Oya'ta^umif;tao;pdwf&Sif;vif;csufw&yfr [kwfyg?oifhta_ctaeay:wGifTOya'rsm;rnfodkhrnfyHktusKd;ta^umif;oufa&mufonf eSifhpyfvOf;Ir&Sif;rvif;/raor_cm_zpfaeygutultnDawmif;cH&eft^uH_yKygonf? Tvrf;nGeS fwiG f_yKpkxm;aomowif;tcsuftvufrsm;rSmTvrf;nGeS fyHEk ySd fcsed fwGifrSefuefwd usr&Sk Sdygonf?oufqdik f&mvlrsdK;pkrsm;vnf;rS_D irf;toH;k _yKvsu S f&ySd gonf?odkhygaomfvnf;T vrf;n$efwiG fyg&Sad omowif;tcsuftvufrsm;ud_k yK_yifvdyk guodkhr[kwftopfxyfr_H yKpkvdlyg uoufqdik f&mtzGJhpnf;rsm;taeeSifhInterlink eSifh RTA odkht_umif _umif;_um;tod _um;tod ay;cGifh_yKcsuf&,l&efvdktyfygonf?

2

_yK_yif&efvt dk yfcJhygvSsif...

a&

rD;zdk

a&cs;kd cef;

tdrfom

a&ylt;kd

rsufeSm_uufr;D vk;H

rD;vH;k

wHcg;

tdrftrd;k

wHcg;aomhayguf

_yLwif;ayguf

rD;cvkwf/yvyfayguf

_yK_yif _yK_yifxed f;odrf;_cif;tpD&ifcHpm? ? 0- 6v Interlink; –Interlink;38082206(odkh)0419794391 Interlink

6vvGefaomf -tdrf&iS fokdhr[kwfypJG m;odkhr[kwftrd fimS ;pmcsKyfay:wGifygaomqufo, G f&63 ef eHygwfrsrsm;udzk ;Hk quf&ef?

tquf-odxm;oifhaomta&;_u;D onfhtzGhJ tpnf;rsm;. . .

⇒

3808 4463

Multilink

rmwdum tajumi;ft7m ed'gef; rmwdum todtrSwf_yK_cif; tzGJh0ifrsm;

tydkif;1

⇒

⇒

⇒

Logantd tdrfiSm;_cif;udprP sm;twGuft_uHay;a_ymqdk axmufc0H efaqmifrKS vkyfief;(TAAS) 38261598 Goldcoasttd tdrfiSm;_cif;udprP sm;twGuft_uH ay;a_ymqdak xmufcHc0H efaqmifrKS vkyfief;(TAAS) 0effaqmifrKS vkyfief;ae&m 2 ae&m Southport 5591 1102 Palm Beach 5598 3230 tdrfiSm;orí(TUQ) Brisbane _yify Brisbane e,fa_rtwGif;

1800 177 761 3257 1108 131 450 1300 366 311

⇒

bmom_yefeiS fhpum;_yef0efaqmifrKS vkyfief;(TIS)

⇒

td;k tdrfO;D pD;Xme

62

tdrfiSm;7rf;_cif;twGufvdktyfaomtcsuftvufrsm;= oifyxrOD;qHk;a7muf7SdvmcsdefwGif= Interlink rSwqifhtdrfiSm;7rf;_cif; Queensland wGiftdrfiSm;7rf;_cif;=tdrfiSm;Oya' Queensland wGiftdrfiSm;7rf;_cif;=tcGifhta7;eSif hwm0ef0wB7m;rsm; iSm;7rf;rnfhtdrfudkrnfodkh7Smrnfenf; iSm;7rf;rnfhtdrfudkrnfodkhavSsmufxm;rnfenf;

tydkif;2

pmrsufeSm 2 3 4 5

7 8 9 10 11 12

atmif_rifpGmtdrfiSm;7rf;eKdif7efvdktyfaomtcsuftvufrsm; tdrfiSm;&rf;_cif;tpueOD; 15=17 tdrfiSm;cay;_cif; 18=19 rGef;rH_yifqif_cif;eSifhxdef;odrf;apmifha7Smuf_cif; 20=25 tdrfwGif;tdrf_yif*&kpdkux f def;odrf;apmifha7Smuf_cif; 26=34 tdrfudkppfaq;_cif; 35=37 tdrfa_riSm;&rf;pOfumvtwGif;awGh_uHkedKifaom_y\emrsm; 38=40 pmay;pm,l 41=42

tydkif;3

jopajw;vswGiftdrfiSm;aexdkifvsSift_cm;odoifhaomt_uH_yKcsufrsm; tdrfxGif;tdrf_yifvHk_cKHa7; 44=46 ay;aqmif7efa_uG;pmrsm; 48 a7oHk;pGJr+eSifhywfoufIta7;juD;aomuefhoefhcsufrsm; 49

tydkif;4

odxm;em;vnfoifhaomta&;_uD;onfhpum;vHk;rsm; tdrfiSm;7rf;_cif;tpueOD; tdrfiSm;_cif;umvtwGif; tdrfiSm;_cif;eSifhpyfvsOf;_yD;_y\em_uHKawGhygu tdrfiSm;&rf;_cif;ukefqHk;csdef odxm;oifhaomt_cm;ta&;_uD;aomta_umif;t&mrsm; odxm;oifhaomta&;_uD;aomtzJGJhtpnf;rsm;

50 51=53 54=55 56 57 58 59=63

3

LOGAN/GOLDCOAST. .&St a&;_uD d a&; _uD;aomtzGJhtpnf;rsm;eSifhqufo, G f&ef

todtrSwf_yK_cif;

eHygwfrsm;

Tvrf;nGeS fpmtkyfonfatmufaz:_yygtzGJhtpnf;rsm;.ulnrD KS r &Syd gu_zpfa_rmufvm&efta}umif;r&Syd gaoma_umifh,if; tzGJhtpnf;rsm;tm;vH;k udv k #dKufvpJ Gmaus;Zl;wiftyfygonf?

⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒

⇒

td;k tdrfO;D pD;Xge(RTA) Xge(RTA) Acces 0efaqmifrv + yk fief;Xge vlrsK;d pkqidk f&mbmom_yefvufaxmufrsm; ,Ofaus;r+aygif;pHrk o d m;pktzGJhtpnf; tdrfiSg;olrsm;oríQueensland ;oríQueensland ,Ofaus;r+aygif;pHzk GHh_zdK;a&; toif;tzGJh vli,fro d m;pk0efaqmifvyk fief; Anglicare'k Q nfEiS fhwe,f&yf_cm;rS Anglicare'kuo a_ymif;a&$hvmolrsm;twGuf0efaqmifvyk fief; (ARMS) (ARMS) Elder’s Woodridge eSifht_cm;tdrfiSg;vkyfief;Xgersm;

⇒

Acces 0efaqmifrKS vkyfief;

⇒

Logantpd;k &tdrf&mXme

⇒

Gold Coasttpd;k &tdrf&mXme

⇒

Gold Coast tdrf&mukr% ` D

⇒

Interlink tdrfeiS fhaxmufyhH a&;toif;tzJhG 38082206

⇒

,Ofaus;rSKaygif;pHrk o d m;pktpnf;t&H;k

3808 9299 3884 9800 5583 2200

55286650

55710381

(MFO)

4 •

61

tquf: odxm;oifhaomta&;_uD ;onfhtzGJhtpnf;rsm;... omta&;_uD;onf Öif;wkhb d mawGaqmif&u G fovJ…… bmom_yefeiS fhpum;_yef0efaqmifrKS vkyfief; (TIS) tdrfiSm;rsm;twGuf/Öif;wkhd.bmompum;_zpfem;vnf&ef ulnaD qmif&u G fay;_cif;?

tzGJh0ifrsm; Tvrf;n$ef_zpfa_rmufa&;wGifyg0ifaomtzGJh0ifrsm;rSmuG_J ym;_cm;em;aom,Of aus;r+aygif aygif;pHkaemufc&H S^d uonfhvrl sdK;pkrsm;rStoD;oD;aomyk*Kd~ vfrsm;_zpf}u _yD;v#ifÖif;wdhk .txl;xl;aomt&nftcsif;/t&nftaoG;wdhk tm;vH;k aygif; pyf_cif;_zifhTvrf;n$efay:xGef;vm&_cif;_zpfygonf?

tzGJh0ifrsm;rSm

tpDk;&tdrf&mXme

⇒

0ifaiGenf;olrsm;twGuftrd fae&m&SmazGay;aom tpD;k &Xme

⇒ ⇒

Sue Boothroyd (pDpDru H ed f;n$ef}um;a&;rSL; ) Jenny Schultz (pDpDru H def;refae*sm ) Ann Siakisini (IHSS (ae&mcs ae&mcsxm;a&;0efxrf;)

txl;aus;Zl;wifv$m

Brisbanetdrf&meSifhoufqdi k faomukr`%D

0ifaiGenf;olrsm;twGuftrd fae&m&SmazGay;aomukr% ` D

⇒

Interlink tdrfei S fhaxmufyHha&;tzGJh

⇒

0ifaiGenf;olrsm;udt k axmufhtyHh/tultnDay;_cif;/ Öif;wkhw d wfeKd ifrnfhtrd f&mud&k SmazGay;_cif;?

⇒ ⇒

60

Valentina Dimoska—vl vlrsKd ;tkyfpkrsm;.t_uD ;wef; ;.t_uD;wef ynmay;t&m&Sd?(td;k tdrfO;D pD;) vlrsKd ;pkqkdif&mbmom_yefvufaxmufrsm;;-_refrm/ _AL&ef;'D/ tmz&duef/ qdrk mvD/ tmzuefepfpwef/ ql'efe;D vlrsKd ;pkqkdif&mbmom_yefvufaxmufrsm;/ Sylvia Vallender– Vallender– o&kyf_yyHrk sm; David BrowningBrowning-enf;ynmESifhenf;pHepfyhH y;kd ulnDr+

5

odxm;oifhaomta&;_u;D onfhtzGhJ tpnf;rsm; Öif;tzGhJ tpnf;rsm;bmawGaqmif&u G fovJ¢ td;k tdrfO;D pD;Xme (RTA)

tydik f;(1)

tdrfiSg;&rf;&eft"duvdt k yfaomowif;tcsuft vufrsm; ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒

⇒ ⇒

oifyxrOD;pGma&muf&v Sd maomtcsed f Interlink xHrt S rd fiSg;&rf;_cif; Queensland wGiftrd fiSg;&rf;_cif;Oya'rsm; Queensland wGiftrd fiSg;&rf;_cif;oifhtcGifhta&;rsm;ESifhwm0ef0wW&m;rsm; rnfonfhae&mrsm;wGiftrd f&SmazGrnf? rnfodkhav#mufv$mwifrnf?

TtzGhJ tpnf;onf1994ckeSpfY_yXmef;xm;aomvlaetdrfa_c iSm;&rf;_cif;Oya'eSifh pyfvsef;Itdrf&Sif/tdrfimS ;wdhk taeeSifhTOya'udek m;vnfoabmayguf_cif;&Sd/r&Sv d du k f emaqmif&u G f_cif;&Sd/r&Su d d_k uD;_uyf/ppfaq;_cif;_yKvkyfygonf?tdrf&iS f/tdrfimS ;wdhk vdu k f em&rnfhpnf;rsOf;rsm;eSifywfoufIowif;ay;_cif;eSifhtrd fpaH bmfaiGrsm;udv k kH _cHKKpGmodrf;qnf;/uGyfu_J cif;rsm;udak qmif&u G fygonf?

tao;pm;aiGawmif;cH_cif;w&m;pD&ifa&;&k;H Xme(SCT) ⇒

⇒

T&k;kH XmeonftdrfimS ;_cif;t_iif;yGm;rSKeSifht_cm;aomt_iif;yGm;rSKrsm;udk.pD&ifcsuf csaom&k;H Xme_zpfygonf?txl;o_zpfaiGa_u;tenf;tusOf;eSifhywfouf_yD;t t_iif;yGm;rSKrsm;_zpfygonf? aiGa_u;tenf;tusOf;udpPeSifht_iif;yGg;&onfqdv k siS f/&H;k Xmeodkhra&mufrDS td;k tdrfO;D pD;XmeeSifhqufo, G fIOD;pGma_z&Sif;_unfhoifhygonf?

Centrelink ⇒

tpd;k &.ud, k fpm;vS,fvyk fief;Xme_zpf_yD;/tvkyfvufrJhrsm;/usef;rma&;csKhd ,Gif;olrsm;/uav;rdbrsm;/eKdifi_H cm;rSta_ccs&efa&muf&v Sd molrsm;/'kuQ onfrsm;//roefrpGrf;'kudw Q rsm;udkaxmufyhH aiGay;urf;ulnyD gonf?

QueenslandtdrfiSm;orítzGhJ (TUQ) ⇒

tdrfimS ;rsm;.tcGifhta&;rsm;udu k muG,fapmifha&Smufay;aomud, k fpm;vS,f tzGhJ _zpfygonf?

tdrfimS ;rsm;twGufa&Shaea&;7mt_uHay;0efaqmifrKS tzGhJ (TAAS) ⇒ ⇒ ⇒

6

tdrfimS ;rsm;udkowif;ay;_cif;/tultnDay;_cif;? tdrfimS ;&mwGifOya'a&;7meSifhpyfvsOf;Itodynmay;_cif;/owif;ay;_cif;? tdrf&iS feiS fht_iif;yGm;rSK_y\em_zpfygutultnDay;&efoifeiS fhtwltd;k tdrf OD;pD;Xmeodhk Öif;/tao;pm;awmif;qd_k cif;cHk&hk;H odkhÖif;vdu k fygay;_cif;? 59

oifyxrOD;pGma&muf&Sv d maomtcsed f H dkh'u k o Q nft_zpf,ckavmavmq,fa&muf&Sv d mol_zpfygovm;? Australia Edil fio Interlink rSoifhtwGuftrd fiSm;&rf;&SmazGay;rnf_zpfygonf? 0-6 vtwGif; - Interlink rSwqifh 6vpmcsKyfEiS fhtrd fiSg;&rf;ay;xm;rnf_zpfygonf?

odxm;onfhaomta&;_ omta&;_uD;onfhtzGJhtpnf;rsm; . . .

……...Öif Öif;wdkhbmawGaqmif&u G fovJ ...pmrs pmrsufeSm60 …...Öif Öif;wdkhudb k ,fvdq k ufo, G f&rvJ...pmrs pmrsufeSm61

oifhtaeESifhvt dk yfonfrsm;rSm -tdrfiSm;cay;aqmif&ef -v#yfppfrD;cGefpo_zifhay;aqmif&ef -tdrfpaH bmfay;aqmif&ef -( yHpk 1H 8u ) tdrf&iS f-tdrfiSm;pmcsLyfvufrw S fa&;xd;k &ef -( yHpk H 2 ) tdrfpaH bmfav#mufv$mvufru S fa&;xd;k &ef - tdrfwufpwGiftrd fta_ctaetpD&ifcpH myHpk 1H uwGif_znfhpu G fIvufrw S fa&;xd;k &ef 6 vpmcsKyfrukefqHk;rSw D vtvdw k iG f 1) vuf&So d ifiSg;&rf;aexdik fvsuf&aSd omaetdrfwiG fqufvufIaexdik fvkd_cif;&Srd &Sd 2) t_cm;wae&modkha_ymif;a&$haexdik fvkd_cif;&Srd &SD Interlink rSoifhtm;ulnI D pOf;pm;qH;k _zwfciG fh_yKygrnf?

6v_ynfh_yD;aemufyidk f;umv-tdrf&iS fohkd r[kwftdrfyGpJ m;rSwqifhquf

vufItdrfigS ;&rf;cGifh&dSygonf? oifhtaeESifh-—

- tdrfvcrSefreS fay;aqmif_cif; - v#yfppfr;D cGefpo_zifhay;aqmif_cif; - tdrfpHabmfay;aqmif_cif; - tdrf&SiftdrfigS ;pmcsKyfwiG fvufrw S fa&;xd;k _cif; - ( yHkpH 2 ) tdrfpHabmfav#mufvm$ wGifvufrw S fa&;xd;k _cif; -taxGaxGtdrfigS ;&rf;_cif;av#mufvm$ wGif_znfhpu G fIvufrSwf a&;xd;k _cif;rsm;qufvufvyk faqmifomG ;&rnf_zpfygonf?

58

tdrfiSgm;rsm;twGufaumif;aomt}uH_yKcsuf vuf&iSd Sg;&rf;aexdik faomtdrfwiG fqufvufaexdik foGm;rnfqydk guyHpk H 18 u tdrf&iS ftrd fiSg;pmcsKyfwiG fvufrw S fa&;xdk;&rnf _zpfaomfvnf;yHpk H 1 u tdrfwufvufrw S fwiG frlxyfr_H znfhpGufIvufrw S fa&;xd;k &efrvdktyfawmhyg?

7

Interlink rStrd fiSg;&rf;_cif;

t_cm;odrw S fxm;oifhaomta&;_u;D onfhta_umif;t&mrsm;

tdrfvcay;aqmif&eftwGufvyk faqmif&rnfhenf;vrf; ⇒

⇒

⇒

_ynfohl t;kd tdrf

oifonftdrfiSg;_;_zpf zpfaoma}umifhtrd fvcufk Interlink odkhwu dk f&u dk fay;aqmif&ygrnf? ( Centerlink rSoifhtm;ay;tyfaomaxmufyhHaiGrw S qifh _zwfawmufxkwf,rl nf_zpfygonf?) Interlink rSwqifhtdrfvcudt k drf&iS f.ud, k fpm;vS,fxo H dkhvuf v$aJ y;rnf_zpffygonf? tdrfypGJ m;onf,if;tDrfvcudktrd f&iS fxHodkhwqifhvufva$J _ymif;ay; ygrnf?

0ifaiGenf;olrsm;twGuft_yifyík vdutdrfiSm;avmueSifhpm vSsif/csKd omaomaps;eSKef;eSifhiSm;&rf;ay;aomtpd;k &ydik ftrd f a_r&modkhr[kwfwdkufcef;?

ykívdutdrfiSm;avmu

ud, k fyidk ftrd fa_r&m/wdu k fcef;po_zifhudt k rd f&iS fxrH w S dkuf&u dk faomfÖif;/ tdrfyidk f&iS frt S ca_u;aiGay;_yD;/pDraH qmif&u G fcdik f;xm;aomtdrfiSm;vkyfief;xH rSÖif;/iSm;&rf;,leKd ifonf?

_yK_yifwyfqifay;&efavSsmufxm;_cif;yHpk H

tdrfiSg;

tdrf&iS f

_yifqif&ef&So d nfrsm;ta_ InterlinkwGif ;ta_umif;tdrf&iS fo&d eftwGufInterlink &Sad omTyHpk w H iG f_znfhoiG f;Iay;ydkheKd ifygonf?TyHpk o H nft;dk tdrfO;D pD;XmerSOya't&_yXgef;xm;aomyHpk rH [kwfaomfvnf;/tdrf&iS f odkhr [kwfypGJ m;od&eSd dKk if&efwif_yaom_umifhtoH;k 0ifygonf? Centre pay-td tdrfvc/w,fvzD ek f;a_ a_u;/ vSsyfppfrw D mcGefpo _zifhay;aqmif&ef&o Sd nfrsm;udCentrelink kCentrelinkay;aiGxrJ t S vdt k avSsmufxw k f,&l efoabmwlay;aqmif_cif;enf;vrf;_zpfonf?

Interlink tdrfEiS fhaxmuffyHha&;tzGJh

yGpJ m;

rdom;pktae_zifhtcGefeiS fhywfoufItusK;d aus;Zl;&Sd ap&efay;aiG(u)eSifh(c)

uav;&Sdaomrdom;pkrsm;/uav;rsm;ud_k unfh&KS _yKpkysLd ;axmifay;edKif&ef/ CentrelinkrSay;aomrdom;pkaxmufyHhaiGtrsKd ;tpm;eSpfrsKd ;_zpfygonf?

8

tvkyfvufrhJ

57

tquford Swfxm;oifhaomta&;_ omta&;_uD;onfhpum;vH;k rsm; . . .tdrfiSm;_cif;oufwrf;ukefq;Hk aomumv ⇒ tdrfpaH bmf_yeftrf;aiG tdrfiSm;oufwrf;ukefq;Hk cdsefwiG ftrd fpaH bmf_yeftrf;&ef avSsmufxm;vSsif_znfhoiG f;&aomyHpk ?H

tdrfrq S if;ay;&efta_ a_umif;_um;pm(yHpk H 12)

tdrfiSm;rsm;onfpmcsKyfygpnf;urf;csufrsm;udck sKd ;azgufo_zifhÖif;/_yK_yif &efuwdcsKd ;azguf_cif;twGufta_ a_umif;_um;pm(yHpk -H 11)&&S_d yD; 7&uf twGif;xdck sKd ;azgufrKS rsm;udrk a_z&Sif;o_zifhÖif;/tdrfrq S if;ay;&efTt a_umif;_um;pmvufc&H &Sv d mrnf?

tdrfrSxu G f&ef&nf&G,fcsuf&aSd _umif;ta_ ta_umif;_um;pm(yHpk 1H 3)

tdrfiSm;vkyfoo l nfiSm;&rf;aexdik faomtdrfrq S if;awmhrnfqydk gu _znfhoiG f;&aomyHpk ?H ⇒ tcsed ftwdtusowfrw S fxm;aomoabmwlncD sufpmcsKyf-

⇒

Queensland wGiftrd fiSg;&rf;_cif; tdrfiSg;&rf;_cif;ESif;oufqidk faomOya'rsm;

oifonf Interlink XgerSwqifhaomfÖif;/ _ynfhohl t;kd tdrfXgerSwqifhaomfÖif;/ ykíKd vfuxHrSaomfÖif;/ tdrfigS ;&rf;onfqkdyguvdu k femaqmif&u G f&rnfh Queensland wGiftrd figS ;&rf;_cif;ESifhoufqikd faomOya'rsm;&Syd gonf? TOya'rsm;onftdrf&SifESifhtrd figS ;wdhk tae_zifhaqmif&efEiS fha&Smif&efrsm;ESifhpyfvsOf; aeygonf? atmufwu G faz:_yxm;aompum;&yfrsm;onfoiftdrfigS ;&rf;aomtcgwGifÖif;/ odkhr[kwfTvrf;n$efzwf&a+ omtcgwGifÖif;/ }um;&_rif&rnfhpum;&yfrsm;_zpfygonf? vlaetdrfigS ;&rf;_cif;ESifhqkdif&mOya' 1994 TOy'onf Queensland wGiftrd figS ;&rf;_cif;ESifhpyfvsOf;I pnf;rsOf;rsm;csrw S fay;aomOy'&yf_zpfygonf?

tdrfypGJ m;m;-

tdrf&iS f.udp&P yfrsm;udkwm0ef,al qmif&u G fay;aomykíKd vf

csKyfqdk xm;onfqdyk gu/tdrfiSm;vkyfolonfpmcsKyfoufwrf;rukefrD 2ywftvdk_udkwif_yD;ta_ umif;_um;&ygrnf? ta_umif

tdrfiSg;vkyfief;XgeXge-

tcdsefwiG f2ywf_udkwifta_ a_umif;_um;&ygrnf?

tdrfiSg; -

tcdsefyidk f;pmcsKyf-csKyfqx dk m;ygutdrfiSm;vkyfot l aeeSifh_ud kd fonfh uu

tdrfrq S if;cdseftdfrfta_ctaetpD&ifcpH m(yHpk H 14c)

w&m;0ifaexdkif&eftwGuftdrfvcay;urf;_yD;iSg;&rf;aexdik fol

tdrfiSm;oufwrf;ukefq;Hk Itdrfrq S id;awmhhrnfqv dk Ssif/tdrfiSm;vkyfoo l nfrdrad e cif; xdkifcJhaomtdrfoefh&Sif;rSK&S/d r&S/d tdrfYwyfqifxm;aomypPnf;rsm;tvkyfvyk f_cif &S/d r&S/d ysufp;D _cif;&S/d r&S/d po_zifhppfaq;ITtpD&ifcpH mwGif_znfhoGif;&ygrnf?T tpD&ifcpH mudktrd fwufpOfu_znfhoiG f;xm;aomtpD&ifcHpmeSifh,SOf_unfhrnf?

tdrfiSm;rsm;twGufaumif;aomt_uHay;csufrsm; -oif.pHabmfaiGudkumuG,fyg —tdrfudyk sufpD;atmifvyk fxm;rdvSsifÖif;tdrfvca_uG;usefaevSsifÖif;/

tdrf&iS fonftrd fpaH bmfaiGwcsKd hw0ufodkhr[kwftm;vHk;udo k rd f;,lxm;edKifonf?

tdrf&iS f.tdrfigS ;_cif;udpt P 00wdhl uw kd m0ef,laqmif&u G fay;aomvkyfief;Xge

56

tdrfiSg;&rf;_cif; -

tdrf&iS f/tdrfigS ;pmcsKk yfwiG fvufrSwfa&;xd;k _yD;tdrfvcay;urf;rnfqkdygutdrfigS ;&rf; _cif;oufa&mufygonf?tfrfigS ;&rf;_cif;wGiftp&So d vkt d qH;k oyfaomtcsed fvnf;&Sd ygonf?

tdrfyidk f&iS f

iSg;onfhtdrfrsm;udkyikd fonfhykdif&iS f

9

Queensland wGiftrd fa_riSg;&rf;_cif; Oya' t&_yXmef;aomtcGifhta&;rsm;ESifhwm0ef0wW&m;rsm; tdrfa_riSg;&rf;ol.wm0ef0wW&m;rsm; ⇒

⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒

⇒

⇒

tdrf&iS f/ tdrfiSg;pmcsKk yfpOfuoabmwlnDr_+ yK_y;D vufrSwfa&;xd;k xm; aompnf;urf;csufrsm;udv k u dk fem_y;D aexdik foGm;&ef tdrfvcrSefreS fay;&ef tdrfwiG f;tdrf_yifoefh&Sif;pGm&Sifvif;aexdkif&ef tdrfe;D em;_cif;rsm;tm;aemuf,u S faprnfhqlnHrr+ sm;r_yKvk ;r_yKvkyf&ef tdrf&iS fodkhr[kwftdrfyGpJ m;tm;ysufp;D ,k, d iG f;r+EiS fhrGef;rH _yifqifrr+ sm;_yKvkyf&efvt kd yfyguta}umif;}um;&ef }opa_ H _yXmef;xm;aomw&m;Oya'rsm;ESifhrnDnGwf }opa_w;vsm;Edik fi. aomudp&P yfrsm;udkiSg;,lxm;aomtdrf/a_ray:wG a_ray:wGifrvkyfaqmif&ef oifEiS foifhxHodkhvma&mufvnfywfaom {nfhonfwdkhonfiSg;,lxm;aomtdrf/

tquf: odrw S fxm;oifhaomta&;_ omta&;_uD;onfhpum;vH;k rsm;. . . tdrfimS ;&rf;_cif;eSifhpyfvsef;It_iif; yGg;_y\em_zpfvsS if t_iif;yGg;rSK

tenf;qH;k vlepS fa,muf_um;wG _um;wGifoabmrwlnD_cif;/ _u t_rifuGm_cm;_cif;?

csKd ;azguf_cif;

_yXgef;xm;aomtaxGaxGtrd fiSm;&rf;_cif;qdik f&moabmwlnD csuf/pnf;urf;rsm;udt k rd f&iS fuaomfÖif;/tdrfiSm;uaomfÖif; csK;d azguf_cif;?

tdrfvca_uG ca_uG;us _uG;usef

tdrfvcrSefreS fray;aqmif_cif;?

t_iif;yGg;rSKa_z&Sif;_cif;

⇒

tdrf&iS feiS fhtrd fimS ;wdhk t_iif;yGg;rSKudkaqG;aEG;wdik fyif_yD;oabmwlncD suf&&Sd &ef/td;k tdrfO;D pD;Xmeonftca_u;aiGr,lbeJ Sifhud, k fa&;ud k fwmudprP sm;r &;ud, ayguf_um;ap&bJaqmif&u G fay;aom0efaqmifrKS vkyfief;_zpfygonf? t_iif;yGg;rSKa_z&Sif;ay;yg&efykHp1H 6wGif_znfhoGif;Itd;k tdrfO;D pD;Xmeodhk avSsmuf xm;edKifygonf?rdwfaqGohkd r[kwftultnDay;aom0efxrf;wOD;OD;udk a&G;cs,fItd;k tdrfO;D pD;XmeRTA d , kd fpm;a_ymqdkckdif;edKifygonf? XmeRTAwG RTAwGifrrd u

a_rudw k rifwumzsufvkzd sufp;D __yKvk yKvkyf_cif;rSa&SmifusOf&ef oifha}umifh_zzpfpfaomysufp;D r+tm;vH;k udk_yyefefvnfay;&ef

t_iif;yGgrSKa_z&Sif;csufawmif;cH_cif;(yHpk H 16)

tdrf&iS fEiS fhtrd fypGJ m;wdkh.wm0efrsm; ⇒

t_iif;yGg;rSKwGifoifhtm;td;k tdrfO;D pD;XmerStultnDay;yg&ef avSsmufxm;&mwGif_znfhoiG f;&aomyHpk ?H

iSg;&rf;aomtdrf/ a_rudkae_cifpzG,f_zpfatmifEiS ftEW&m,f uif;vHk_cHcrH &+ aSd tmif}unfh&+&ef

tdrfiSg;rsm;twGuftaumif;qHk;t}uH_yKcsuf? td;k tdrfO;D pD;XeonftcrJhpum;_yefvyk fief;udktoH;k _yKonf?Öif;Xmeudq k ufoG,f&ef vkdtyfygubmom_yefEiS fhpum;_yef0efaqmifvyk fief;(131450) odkhzek f;quf_yD;td;k tdrfO;D pD; Queensland Xmeodkhqufo, G fay;&efa_ym}um;oifhygonf

10

tdrfimS ;rsm;twGufaumif;aomt_uHay;csufrsm; :tdrfiSm;_cif;eSifhywfouf_yD; _y\em&Syd gu/tdrf&Sifodkhr[kwfypGJ m;eSifhwdkuf&kdufpum;a_ymoifhygonf?odkhr[kwfrdrd udk,fpm;pum;a_ymay;edKifow l OD;OD;udk&Smxm;oifhonf?

55

tquf: odrSwfxm;oifhaomta&;_ omta&;_uD;onfh pum;vH;k rsm;¢ ⇒

b,fae&mrSmtdrfoGm;&SmrvJ?

tdrfiSm;&rf;aexdik fpOfumvtwGif;

⇒ ⇒

tdrfa_r&mudpk pfaq;_cif;.

⇒ ⇒

tdrf&iS fodkhr[kwfypGJ m;onfiSm;&rf;xm;aomtdrfa_r&mudk 3 vw_ + ed f; vw_udrfvma&mufppfaq;_unfh&KS _yD;/tdrfiSm;vkyfolu_unfh&x odrf;_cif;&S/d r&S/d _yifqifay;&ef&/Sd r&Spd pHk rf;edKifonf?tdrfiSm;taeeSifhvnf; vdt k yfonfrsm;ud_k yK_yifwyfqifay;&ef/a_ymp&m&Srd nfwkhd udak _ymqd7k ef tcGifhaumif;onfhtcsed f_zpfygonf?

⇒

tdrf/ a_ra&mi;f0,fiSg;&rf;_cif;ud, k fpm;vS,fvyk fief; owif;pm rdwfaqGtaygif;toif;rsm; “ tdrfiSg;&ef&o Sd nf “ qdik f;bkwfrsm; Internet tifwmeuf

tdrfigS ;&ef&mS azGcsed fwiG f

tdrfwiG f;odkh0ifa&muf&efta_ a_umif;_um;pm(yHpk H 9) TyHpk u H t dk rd fiSm;odkhay;ydkh_cif;_zifhtrd f&iS fodkhr [kwfypGJ m;onfatmufygwdkhudv k yk feid fonf? 1) tdrfa_r&mudpk Hpk rf;ppfaq;_unfh7_Sk cif; (7&uf_udw k ifta_umif;_um;pm) 2) _yK_yifwyfqifrrG f;rH_cif;(24em&D_udKwif ta_umif;_um;pm)

⇒ ⇒

⇒ ⇒

pmay;pm,l

tdrfodkha&muf&Sv d maompmrsm; tdrfiSmrsm;twGufaumif;aomt_uH_yKcsufrsm; : tdrfvmppfawmhrnfqadk wmhrS

tdrfoefh&Sif;a&;vkyf_cif;xuf/rSefreS ftrd foefh&Sif;a&;vkyf_cif;_yKvkyfoifhygonf?

54

tdrfvcrnfr#wwfEidk fonfudu k dk,fhzmomwGufcsuf}unfh&ef tdrf/ a_ra&mif; 0,fiSg;&rf;_cif;udk,fpm;vS,fvyk fief;rsm;wGifÖif; wdkh.iSg;&rf;Edik f&ef&Sad omtdrf/ a_rpm&if;udak wmif;&rf;}unfh&&+ ef tdrf /a_rae&mudv k rf;rrS}unfh&t + uJcwfpenf;em}unfh&ef tdrfe;D em;ywf0ef;usifudak vhvm}unfh&_+ yD;rdrEd iS fhoifhawmfonf/ rdrad exdik fv#iftqifa_yEdik fonfpo_zifhqif_cifpOf;pm;awG;awm }unfh&ef?

tdrfiSg;rsm;twGuftaumif;qHk;t}uH_yKcsuf? H iG fu, dk fyidk fum;r&Syd gu/oifiSg;&rf;aomtdrfa_ronfbwfpfum; tu,fIoifhxw rSwfwidk f/ &xm;blwmwdkhEiS fhe;D aomae&mwGif&o Sd ifhygonf?

11

tquf: odrSwfxm;oifhaomta&;_ omta&;_uD;onfhH pum;vH;k rsm;…...

tdrf/a_rtopfiSm;&rf;&efav#mufxm;_cif;

⇒

tdrfiSm;&rf;aexdik fpOfumvtwGif; tdrfvc tdrfiSm;olurdrid Sm;&rf;aexdik faomtdrfa_rtwGufreS freS fay;aqmif& aomtca_ aomtca_u;aiG?

oifeiS fhtwlav#mufv$m_znfhpu G f&mwGif ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒

⇒ ⇒

tdrfpaH bmftydak y;aqmif_cif;uwdpmcsKyf(yHpk H 7)

oif.emrnf vuf&aSd exdik faomvdyfpm ,cifiSm;&rf;aexdik fcJhb;l aomvdyfpm qufoG,f&efzH;k eHygwf iSm;&rf;rnfhtrd fwiG faexdik frnfhvpl m&if;(emrnfrsm;/toufrsm;) tvkyftudik feiS fh0ifaiG trSwf100_ynfh&efrnforl nf0g _zpfa_umif; oufaocHt axmuftxm;pm&Gufpmwrf mwrf;rsm;/(Oyrm;/(Oyrm-oifhemrnfyg&daS om Medicareu'f/Centerlink u'f /ekKd ifiu H ;l vufrw S f/ rDwmcGefponfwdkhudw k if_yedKif&rnf?) tdrfarG;wd&p>mefemrnfrsm;eSifhtoufaz:_y&ef ,ciftrd f&iS fodkhr[kwfypGJ m;xHrt S rd fvcrSefuefpGmay;a^umif;eSifh tdrfiSm;pmcsKyfpnf;urf;rsm;udv k u dk femrS&k aSd ^umif;az:_yxm; onfhaxmufcpH m?

xdef;odrf;_unfh&KS kapmif +apmifha&Smuf_cif;

rdrid Sm;&rf;aexdik faomtdrfurdk eS freS fxrd f;odrf;_undh&KS _cif;(Oyrm(Oyrm_rufreS freS f&w d f_cif;/aumfaZmrsm;udrk eS freS fzpHk w k foefhpif_cif;)

_yK_yif_cif;

ysufp;D csKdh,iG f;oGm;vSsif/_yifqif_cif;?

tdrf&iS friS mS ;xm;aomtdrfa_rudak &mif;csvakd _umif; ta_ ta_umif;_um;pm(yHpk H 10)

tdrfa_r&mudak &mif;cs&ef&nf&, G fcsuf&aSd _umif;tdrf&iS fodkhr[kwfypGJ m; rStrd fiSm;od&efta_ a_umif;_um;pm? tdrfiSm;rsm;twGufaumif;aomt_uH_yKcsufrsm; :tdrfiSm;_cif;eSifhpyfvSsOf;Iem;vnf k ftrd fyGpJ m;wdkhuadk r;_ref;pHpk rf;edKifygonf? oabmayguf_cif;r&Syd gu/tdrf&Sifodkhr[w

tdrfiSm;olrsm;twGuftaumif;qH;k t^uHay;csuf

av#muffv$m_znfhhpGuf&eftcuftcJrsm;&dyS guem;vnfwwfu|G rf;olwpHw k a,muf tm;ar;_ref;tultnDawmif;_yD;_znfhpGufoifhygonf?

tdrfvcwufoGm;ygutdrfiSm;_zpforl t S rd fpaH bmfrnfrSsxyfraH y;qmif &rnfu_dk znfhoiG f;&aomyHpk ?H

12

53

tquf: odrw S fxm;oifhaomta&;_uD; onfhpum;vH;k rsm;………. tdrfiSm;_cif;tpueOD; tdrfpaH bmfacs;aiG

⇒

tpd;k &tdrf&mvkyfief;XmerStrd fpHabmfay;aqmifedik f&efxkwfacs;aom aiG_zzpfpf_yD;__yef yefvnfay;qyf&ygrnf?

tdrfpaH bmfavSsmufv$ vm$ (yHyHpk H 2) 2

_y;D /tdrfiSm;olay;aompHabmfaiGeSifhtwltd;k tdrf tdrf&iS feiS fhtrd fiSm;wdkhvufrSwfa&;xd;k _yD OD;pD;Xmeodkhtrd f&Sifvkyfou l ay;ydkh&ygonf?td;k tdrfO;D pD;XmerST S avSsmufv$meSifhtdrf pHabmfut dk rd fiSm;oufwrf;ukefqH;k csdefx/d xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufay;xm;ygonf? tdrfiSm;oufwrf;ukefq;Hk csed fwGiftdrf&iS feiS fhtrd fiSm;wdkhonfrrd w d dkh_yef&oifhaom tdrfpaH bmfaiGwdkhudak vSsmufxm;,l&ygrnf?

tdrfpwufcsed fwiG ftrd fta_ctaeeSifhywfouf_y;D _znfhpGuf &aomtpD&ifcpH m(yHpk H 1u)

tdrfwufcsed fwGiftrd foefh&Sif;rSK/tdrfwGifwyfqifxm;onfrsm;tm;vH;k tvkyfvyk f_cif; &S/d r&S/d ysufp;D ,d, k Gif;_cif;&S/d r&S/d tdrfiSm;_zpfou l ppfaq;_ unfh&KS _y;D TtpD&ifcpH myHpk w H Gif q;_unf _znfhoGif;az:_y&ygrnf?(OyrmS u G fcdseftpd&ifcpH m (Oyrm-rD;zd)k TyHpk _H zzpfpf/,ciftdrfiSm;tdrfrx eSifheKdS if;,SOfppfaq;&rnf?TyHkp_H zpfoiftrd fiSm;oufwrf;_zD;qH;k _yD;tdrfrx S u G fcsed ftpD &ifcpH meSifhy;l wGJppfaq;_cif;__yKvk yKvkuf&rnf?

tdrfiSm;_cif;: Queensland wGiftrd fiSm;twGuftrd fiSm;_cif; pnf;urf;csufrsm;vrf;n$ef(owif;az:_ycsufyHpk H 17u)

tydik f; (2) tdrf/a_riSg;&rf;&mwGifv, G fut l qifa_ytxa_rmuf atmif_rif&efvt dk yfaomowif;tcsuftvufrsm;/ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒

⇒

tdrfiSg;&rf;_cif;tpueOD; tdrfiSm;c ay;aqmif_cif; rGrf;rH_yifqif_cif;ESifhxed f;odrf;apmifha&Smuf_cif; tdrf/ a_rppfaq;}unfh&+_cif; tdrfr/f a_riSg;&rf;pOfumvtwGif;awGh}uHKEdik faom _y\emrsm; pmay;pm,l

tdrfiSm;ptcsed fwiG ftrd f&Sifvkyfou l QueenslandwG QueenslandwGiftrd fiSm;&rf;_cif;Oya' eSifhpnf;urf;csufrsm;eSifhywfoufaomowif;tcsuftvufrsm;/rdwLW udt k rd fiSm; oltm;ay;&ygrnf? tdrfiSm;rsm;twGufaumif;aomt_uaH y;csufrsm;;-- aumfaZmrsm; udzk pHk w k fpuf_zifhreS freS foefhpifay;yguzHx k l_cif;rSoufomapygonf?

52

13

1? tdrfiSg;&rf;_cif;tpueOD;- - - - - - - - 15 - tdrf&iS f/tdrfiSg;oabmolpmcsKyf - tdrfwufpwGiftrd fvuf&t Sd a_ctaetpD&ifcpH m 2? tdrfvcay;aqmif_cif; - - - - - - 18 -ay;aqmifEdik faomenf;vrf;rsm; -ta&;}uDaomt}uH_yKcsufrsm; 3? rGrf;rH_yK_yif_cif;ESifhxed f;odrf;apmifha&Smuf_cif; - 20 rGrf;rH_yK_yif_cif; - - - - - rGrf;rH_yK_yif_cif;ESifhxed f;odrf;apmifha&Smuf_cif; rsm;udo k wif;ay;ydkh_cif; -tultnDrnfodkhawmif;rvJ rGrf;rH_yK_yif_cif;ESifhxed f;odrf;apmifha&Smuf_cif;rsm; ESifhywfoufaom_znfhpu G f&efypHk rH sm; -_zpfaeusrrG f;rH_yK_yif_cif;rsm; -t&;ay:rGrf;rH_yK_yif_cif;rsm;xdrf;odrf;apmifha&Smuf_cif; rdrad etdrf/ a_rtwGif;/ t_yifxed f;odrf;apmifha&Smuf_cif; 4? tdrf/a_r}unfh&p+ pfaq;_cif; - - - -35 }udKwif_yifqif_cif;- - - - - tdrf/a_rppfaq;}unfh&_+ cif;- - rnfolhud0k ifciG fh_yKrvJ 5? pmay;pm,l 14 pmay;pm,lurdk nfodkhuidk fw, G frvJ




odxm;em;vnfoifhaomta&;_ omta&;_uD;onfh pum;vH;k rsm;. . . ⇒ tdrfiSm;&rf;_cif;ueOD;tpwGif taxGaxGtrd fa_riSm;&rf;_cif;oabmwlpmcsKyf (yHpk H 18 u)

tdrf&iS fodkhr[kwfypGJ m;eSifhtrd if Sm;olwdkht_um;wGifoabmwlcsKyfqdk xm;aomw&m;0ifpmcsKyf_zpfygonf?TpmcsKyfwiG fvufrw S fa7;xd;k onf qd_k cif;rSmoifonfpmcsKyfygpnf;urf;csufrsm;eSifhtnD/iSm;&rf;aom tdrfwiG faexdik fygrnf[u k wd_yK_cif;_zpfygonf?

tcsed ftwdtusowfrw S fItdrfimS ;&efoabmwlncD suf

owfrw S fxm;aomtcsed fwidk f;tdrfiSm;oluiSm;&rf;rnfuo dk abmwl_cif;? (Oyrm(Oyrm-6v odkhr[kwf 12v)

tcdsefyikd f;omiSm;&rf;&efoabmwlncD suf

tcsed ftwdtusowfrw S fxm;_cif;r&Sb d Jtrd fimS ;&rf;_cif;pwiftdrfimS ;rnfhaeh udkowfrSwfxm;aomfvnf;/rnfonfhaeh&ufwGifukefq;kH rnfudo k wfrSwf xm;_cif;r&Syd g/tcsed ftwdtusowfrSwf_yDtdrfimS ;&rf;aomtcsed fumvukefqH;k onfeSifhw_ydKifwnf;tcsdefyikd f;omiSm;&rf;&efoabmwlnDcsufpwifeKd ifyg onf?tdrfimS ;taeeSifxyfrI H tcdseftwdtusowfrw S fItdrfimS ;&ef oabmwlpmcsKyfcsKyfqkd&efvufrw S fx;kd p&mrvdyk g?

tdrfpaH bmf

ueOD;tdrfimS ;&rf;csdefwiG ftdrfimS ;uay;xm;&aomaiG_zpf_yD;tdrf&Sifrw S qifht;kd tdrfO;D pD;Xmeodhk ay;ydkh&ygonf?tdrfpaH bmfonftdrfvcr[kwfyg/tdrfimS ;&rf;_cif; &yfqdik f;csed fwiG ft;kd tdrfO;D pD;Xmeodhk avSsmufxm;ItdrfpHabmfu_kd yefvnfawmif; ,l&ygrnf?tdrf&iS fohkd r[kwfypJG m;taeeSifhvnf;tu,fI/tdrfysufp;D _cif;&Sdygu/ Öif;/tdrfimS ;_zpfou l tdrfvcay;aqmif&efa_uG;usef&adS eyguÖif;/TpHabmfaiG xJrx S w k f,lcGifh_yLyg&efavSsmufxm;xkwf,x l m;edKifygonf? tdrfiSm;rsm;twGufaumif;aomt_ aomt_uHay;csufrsm;? vlaetdrfa_r,miSm;&rf;_cif;Oya' 1994 t&tdrf&SifeiS fhtrd fiSm;wdkh.tcGifhta&;rsm;udkumuG,fapmifha&Smufay;xm;onf?

51

tdrf/a_riSg;&rf;tpueOD;

.

tdrfiSg;awmhrnfqv dk #ifoifonf⇒

⇒ ⇒

tydik f; 4 odxm;em;vnfoifhaomta&;_u;D onfh

⇒

⇒

pum;vH;k rsm;… ⇒

tdrd fiSm;&rf;_cif;tpueOD;

⇒

tdrfiSm;&rf;_cif;umvtwGif;

⇒

tdrfiSm;&rf;_cif;eSifhpyfvsOf;_yD;_y\em_uHak wGhygu

⇒

tdrfiSm;&rf;_cif;umvukefqH;k csed f

tdrfiSm;rsm;twGufaumif;aomt_uH_yKcsufrsm;? tdrfiSm;&rf;_cif;eSifh ywfouf_y;D em;rvnfygutdrf&iS fodkhr[kwfyGpJ m;_zpfow l dkhudak wGhqaHk r; _ref;pHkprf;oifhygonf?

⇒

tdrf /a_riSg;&rf;_cif;oabmolpmcsKyf wGif_znfhpu G fIvufrw S fa&;xd;k &ygrnf? (yHpk 1H 8 u) tdrfpaH bmf(yHpk 2H )udv k nf;_znfhpu G fvufrw S fa&;xd;k &ygrnf? tdrfaomhrsm;ud&k ,l&ygrnf? w,fvzD H;k / v#yfppfr;D ESifhcsuf_yKwf&efobm0"gwfaiGhponfwdkhudk iSg;&rf;aomtdrfwiG fqufo, G fwyfqif&efppD Of&ygrnf? rdryd idk fypPnf;ypP,rsm;udak _ymif;a&$hvm&efppD Of&ygrnf? rdrid Sg;&rf;aexdik fbdkhaetdrf&mud0k ifa&muf_unfh&p+ pfaq;_yD; awGh&cSd sufrsm;udt k rd fwuftpD&ifcpH myHpk 1H (u)wGif_znfhpu G f

vufrw S fa&;xd;k um/rdwLW wapmifut dk rd f&iS fodkhr[kwftrd fypGJ m; xHodkh3&uftwGif;ta&mufay;ydkh&ygrnf?

50

tdrid Sg;rsm;twGufaumif;aomt}uH_yKcsuf? em;vnfwwfusrG f;A[kow l tawGht_uH&k _Sd y;D aomolrsm;xHraS r;_ref;t_u, H o l ifhygonf?

15

tdrfa_riSg;&rf;_cif;tpueOD; vlaetdrfa_riSg;&rf;_cif;oabmwlpmcsKyf(yHpk -H 18u)

TpmcsKyfonftrd f&iS fodkhr[kwfyGJpm;ESifhtrd fiSg;olrsm;}um;wGifw&m;0if pmcsKyf_zpfygonf? TpmcsKyfyHpk H18uwGifvufrSwfa&;xd;k vdu k fonfeSifhoifonfpmcsKyfwGifyg&Sad omo abmwlnDrSkrsm;twdik f;vdu k femaexdkifygrnf[u k wd_yK_cif yK_cif;_zpfygonf?rnfonfht csufrsm;udo k abmwlno D nfut dk oifaoaocsmcsmem;vnf&efOyrmOyrm-toif.tdrfiSm;cudak y;&rnfhaehudkoifoyd govm; toif.tdrfiSm;_cif;oufwrf;b,fawmh_y;D rnfudo k ifodygovm; yef;O,smOfudx k ed f;odrf;apmifha&Smuf_cif;eSifh_ruf ruf&dwf_cif;wm0efonfoif.wm 0ef0wW&m;_zpfcJhvsiS foifoyd govm;

a&oH;k pGrJ KS eSifhywfouf_y;D _yXef;xm;aompnf; urf;rsm;rSmtvGefta&;_ a&;_uD;ygonf?

pHepfwuspnf;urf;&Sd&aSd &udo k H;k pGJoifhonf? . . . uGsefyk fwhkd vyk fciG fh&ydS govm;? govm; ⇒ rdrw d kdhyef;_cH/_rufcif;/armfawmf,mOf/tdrftp&So d _zifh wdhk uakd &ydu k f ut kd oH;k _yK_yD;yuf_zef;aq;a_ aq;a_um_cif;_yK Edik fyghrvm;

oifhrSmwd&pm>efrsm;arG;cGifh&_Sd cif;udkoifoyd govm;

tdrfiSm;ptcdseftrd fta_ctaetpD&ifcpH m(yHpk H 1u)

a7oH;k pGrJ KS eSifhywfouf_yD;od&v dS ykd gu . . .

tdrfiSm;pwGiftrd fiSm;olonfiSm;&rf;aomtdrf.oefh&Sif;rSK/

⇒

Logan _rdKhe,faumifp— D 3412 3412

⇒

Brisbane _rdKhH e,faumifp— D 3403 8888

ysufp;D ,d, k Gif;rSKpo_zifhu_dk u nfh&pSk pfaq;ITtpD&ifcHpmyHkpHwiG frw S fwrf;wifa&; unf oGif;&ygonf?(Oyrmk vkyfvkyf_cif;&Sdr&S)d ? (Oyrm-rD;zdt yHpk w H Gifyg&Sdaomtcsuftvufrsm;udkem;vnf_cif;r&SdygurdwfaqGoil ,fcsif;odkhr[kwf axmufyHhulnaD omtvkyform;rsm;udktultnDawmif;I_znf G foifhygonf? I_znfhpu

tdrfiSm;rsm;twGufaumif;aomt_uH_yKcsufrsm;? tdrfay:rwufrSDysufp;D csKd h,Gif;csufrsm;&Syd gu"gwfyH&k ku d fxm;oifhonf?TyHkpw H Gif_znfhoGif;xm; csufrsm;eSifh"gwfyrHk Swfwrf;rsm;onfaemiftcgtdrfpaH bmfaiGawmif;cHcsdef 16 wGiftrd f&iS feiS fht_iif;yGg;cJhonf&Sad omfoufaocHHtaxmuftxm;_zpfonf?

⇒

Goldcoast_rdKhe,faumifpD— 5582 8211

a&oH;k pGrJ KS eSifhywfouf_y;D _yXef;xm;aomonf;urf;rsm;udak zgufzsufygu '%faiGay;aqmif&ygrnf?

tdrfimS ;rsm;twGufaumif;aomt_uHay;csufrsm;? toH;k _yK_cif; r&Sb d JeSifha&ydu k facgif;udka&zGifh_yD;ypfrxm;ygeSifh?

49

tdrfa_riSg;&rf;_cif;tpueOD;

tdrfeiS fhywfoufIay;aqmif&efrsm; qufoG,fwyfqif_cif;_yKrnfqdyk gvSsif... Logan & Gold Coast a'orsm; Telstra Origin

132200 Ph: 131253

odxm;&efta&;}uD;aomtcsufrsm; - - - -

zH;k :

ta&;ay: (vSsyfppfr;D r&S_d zpfygu)

Ph: 131253

1/ b,fawmhrv S w G faeaomyHpk w H iG fvufrw S frxd;k ygESifh

obm0"gwfaiGh/ OyrmAGLPh: 1300309132 obm0"gwfaiGhtd;k /ORIGIN

Ph: 1300308629

(xdef;odrf;caiG = wcgwnf;ykwf_ywfaiGay;&rnf)

vSsyfppfr;D

Ph: 1300308624

0 - 6 v— Interlink XmerSvSsyfppfr;D vdkif;/obm0"gwfaiGhvdik f;wyf

2/ oifbmtwGufvufrw S fx;kd aeonfuekd m;rvnfchJ v#ifb,f awmhrv S ufrw S frxd;k ygESifh 3/ oifvufrw S fxd;k xm;aomt&mtm;vH;k rdwWLudpk w d fcsv_kH cHKaom ae&mwGifxm;yg?

qifqufo, G fceSifhpaH bmfaiGwif_ccifif;udkay;aqmifygrnf?w,fvzD ;Hk vdik f;quf oG,fwyfqifcaiGut dk rd fiSm;olraS y;&ygrnf? 6 vaemufydik f;umv– umv– -w,fvzD ;Hk /vSsyfppfr;D vdkif;/obm0"gwfaiGhvdik f;quf oG,fwyfqifcrsm;eSifhpaH bmfaiGwif_ccifif;tm;vH;k udt k rd fiSm;olu, dk fwdik fwm0ef ,lay;aqmif&rnf_zzpfpfygonf? tdrfiSm;olrsm;twGufaumif;aomt_uHay;csufrsm;? w,fvzD ek f;a_u;/vSsyfppfrD;cGef/ obm0"gwfaiGhceG frsm;udrk eS freS fray;aqmifyguvdik f;_zwfawmuf_cif;cH&ygrnf?

48

17

tEW&m,fuif;vH_k cKH a&;twGufowif;yd&k &S&d ef ac:edKifaomzHk;eHygwfrsm;;-

tdrfvcay;_cif; ---

tdrfvcay;&efenf;vrf;rsm;

⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒

⇒

Brisbane __rKd he,faumifpD—

34038888

⇒

Gold Coast _rKd he,faumifp— D 55828211

⇒

Origin—

⇒

ta&;ay:udprP sm;aqmif&GufaomXme—32478100

tdrfvcay;u'f ( tdrfydik f&iS f/ yGpJ m;xHrw S qifh) pifwmvifhraS y;_cif; ( Centerlink ay;aiGrw S qifh) udkh,faiGrw S u dk f&dkufxw k f,_l cif; (b%frw S qifh) aiGydkhv$m (pmwdu k frw S qifh) aiGoiG f;pmtkyf(yGpJ m;rSwqifh) aiGom;(tu,fItdrfydik f&iS f/yGpJ m;rSaiGom;vufcv H #if}udK;pm;I rSefuefaomaiGa}u;ay;&rnf?)

tdrfiSg;rsm;twGuftaumif;qH;k t}uHay;csuf?

vufcH_zH wfyidk f;tm;vH;k eSifhhpm&Gufpmwrf;tm;vHk;udv k _Hk cHKaomae&mwGifxm;yg?

131253

aomt__uHay;csufrsm;? tdrfiSm;olrsm;twGufaumif;aomt

18

oif.tdrfeiS fhoif.rdom;pkvH_k cKH pGmxm;&efupd o P nftvGefta&;_ a&;_uD;onf

47

tquf;– tdrftwGif;tEW&m,fuif;vH_k cKa&; . . . aomhcavmuf

(X= rvkyfoifh) (√ =vkyfoifh)

⇒

oiftrd frSmr&Sad omtcsed fwiG fwcH g;rsm;eSifh

⇒

_yLwif;aygufrsm;udak omhcwfyg?√ oiftrd fwiG f&aSd ecsed fwiG v d _Hk cHKa&;wHcg;aomh

tquf -— - - tdrfvcay;&ef ta&;}uD;aomt}uHay;csufrsm;—;—- — -— -— ⇒

rsm;udck wfxm;yg? √ ⇒

a&yl

⇒

⇒

vufrsm;odkhr[kwfud, k fcE<mudak &ylatmuf wGifrxnfhygeSifh?(tylavmifedik fonf) X

⇒

tu,fIoifonftrd fvcay;onfhyHpk aH _ymif;csifcJhv#ift_rw J rf;tdrf ydik f&iS f/tdrfypGJ m;udyk xrqH;k a_ymyg? (Oyrm? oiftrd fvcudak iG a_u;_zifhay;_cif;/oifhb%faiGpm&if;rSwqifhwu dk f&dkufay;_cif; udpk wifvyk fvdv k #if) tu,fIoifonfoifhtrd fvcudrk ay;Edik fcJhv#if/t_rJwrf;tdrf&iS f/ odkhr[kwftrd fypGJ m;udak _ymyg? tu,fIoif.ta_ctaersm;a_ymif;v#if(Oyrm? oift vkyf&cJhv#ifodkhr[kwftvkyfa_ymif;v#if/ t_rJwrf;Centrelinkudk a_ymyg? ta}umif;rlum;xdu k pd o P nfoif.Centrelink rS&aiGux dk cd u dk faponf?

a&ylxu G faomydu k facgif;a&,dak eonfudk_yK _yif&efvdktyfonf?

√

ta&;ay:qufoG,f&efoufouf_zpfonf! 000eSyd fyg

tdrfiSm;olrsm;twGufaumif;aomt_ aomt_uHay;csufrsm;? t_yifodkhrxGufcifodkh r[kwftyd f&mr0idcifwGifvSsyfppfypPnf;tm;vH;k udyk dwf&efowd&yg?

46

t__uHay;csufrsm;? tdrfiSg;rsm;twGuftaumif;qHk;t tu,fIoifonftrd fvcay;_cif;wGuf_y\em_zpfv#if/tdrf&iS f/tdrfypGJ m;ESifhtwl tdrfvcay;_cif;tpDtpOfuafk _z&Sif;&efa_ymqdak qG;aEG;yg?

19

tquf- tdrftwGif;vHk_cKH a&; . . .

rGrf;rH_yK_yif_cif;eSifhxed f;odrf;apmifha&Smuf_cif; _yK_yifxed f;odrf;_cif; (taqmuftOD;xdef;odrf;*8kpdu k f_cif;)

vH_k cHKa&;t_ rvkyfoifh)(√=vkyfoifh) a&;t_uHay;csufrsm;:(X=rvk

:

tdrf&iS f/ udk,fpm;vS,fypGJ m;wdkh.wm0efrsm;rSm ⇒ ⇒

⇒

tdrfiSg;oludrk iSg;rSaD etdrftaqmuftOD;rsm;rSmvlaeEdik faomta_c tae&S&d ef? tdrfwiG f;&St d rd fo;Hk ypPnf;rsm;tm;vH;k yHrk eS ftvkyfvyk fonfhta_ctae&S&d ef?

⇒

⇒

⇒

tdrfiSg;olwm0efrsm;rSm ⇒ tdrftaqmufO;D udo k efh&iS f;pGmxm;&efEiS fe*dt k wdik f;ta_ctaeudk xdef;odrf;&ef?

⇒

⇒

taqmuftOD;ud_k yK_yif_cif; tdrftaqmuftOD;wdkhwiG fwpfpw Hk pfcyk sufp;D csKd h,iG f;ygu/tdrfiSg;utdrf&iS fut dk a}umif;}um;&rnf? tcsKd htysuftpD;rsm;udt k rd f&iS frw S m0ef,_l yifqif &rnf? ta&;w}uD;ysufp;D I_yifb, G f&m&Sv d k#if/rnfolhuq dk uf oG,fzek f;quf&rnfudo k x d m;&rnf?

tu,fItdrfiSg;olurdrdzgom_yifqif_yD;ydkIysufpD;oGm;yguoifhzgomxdkysufp;D rSKtwGuf ydak y;&ygvdrfhrnf?

20

X

owWKud&, d mwefqmyvmrsm;udak ygifrek fhr;D uifpuf xJodkhrxnfh&yg?

X

vlr&Sb d rJ ;D avmifaeaomza&mif;wdik frsm;udck sef rxm;ygeSifh? apmifodkhr[kwft0wfrsm;udt k ylay;pufteD; odkhr[kwftay:wGifrwif&yg? tylay;pufem;wGifteD;uyfrxdik f&yg?

X

cvkwfziG fhxm;aomyvyfaygufxo J dkhyvyf_ud;k rxd;k xnfh&yg?

X

X X

√

⇒

tcef;xJrx S u G faomtcgtylay;pufuydk w d fyg?

⇒

tylay;pufurdk oH;k aomtcgydwfxm;yg?

√

tcef;xJrrS xGufcifza&mif;wdik fr;D ud_k idrf;yg? obm0"gwfaiGhr;D udt k oH;k _yK𝔢D _idaomtcg "gwfaiGho;Hk rD;cspfoyfoyfomoH;k yg?

√

⇒ ⇒

tdrfiSg;olrsm;twGuf/ta&;}uD;aomt}uHay;csufrsm; ?

vSsyfppfypPnf;rsm;udak &teD;wGifroH;k &yg?

√ 45

tquf— - rGrf;rH_yK_yif_cif;eSifhxed f;odrf;apmifha&Smuf_cif;

tdrftwGif;vH_k cKH a&;. . . vSsyfppfr;D

(X = rvkyfoifh) (√ =vkyfoifh)

yvyfayguf ⇒ ⇒

tdrfigS ;olupI_yK_yif&rnfhtysuftpD;erlemrsm; ⇒

b,fawmhrSpdkaomvuf_zzififhyvyfaygufziG fh_cif;/ydwf_cif;rvkyf&yg? X yvyfaygufuGJaevSsif/odkhr[kwftndKa&mif/t0ga&miftrSwfrsm;

xifvmvSsif/tdrf&iS fodkhr[kwfypGJ m;udk_yef J , S fay;&efa_ymyg? yefvv

√

⇒ ⇒

⇒

b,fawmhrSvSsyfppfypPnf;rsm;udka&teD;wGifroH;k &yg?

X

⇒ ⇒

rD;zdk

⇒

yvyfpwpfA;l rsm;udkyal eaomrD;zdkay:wGifroH;k yg

eSifh? X ⇒ owWK_zpfvy k fxm;aomxnfhp&mrsm;udkomylae aomrD;zdak y:wGifo;Hk yg? ⇒

b,fawmhro S ifhvufuydk al eaomrD;zdak y:rwifygeSifhodkhr [kwfr;D zdw k iG f;rxnfhygeSifh?

⇒

√

X

oif[if;rcsufaomtcg/rD;zdck vkwfrsm;udyk w d fxm;yg? √

tdrfiSm;rsm;twGufaumif;aomt_uH_yKcsufrsm;? a&ydkufacgif;rvHkIa&,dak eygua&ukef ygonf/a&tydo k ;Hk o_zifhtydu k ek fusvsiS f/tdrfiSm;taeeSifhay;aqmif&rnf_zpfygonf?

44

}urf;cif;aumfaZmysufp;D _cif; (rD;ylavmif_cif;/ aq;vdyfr;D avmif_cif;/ uav;wd&pm>efrsm;.tnpfta_ a_u; rsm;ayusH _cif;/ uGaJ eaom_yKwif;ayguf (abmfv;Hk xdI_yKwif;aygufu_GJ cif;) tdrfe&H w H iG ftayguft_yJrsm;_zpf_cif;/ tdrfwcH g;rESif_yLwif;aygufrsm;usKd ;yJh_cif;/ roifhav#mfaomypPnf;rsm;xnfhoiG f;_cif;a}umifha& ydu k frsm;ydwfqdkh_cif;/

Oyrmrsm;? tdrf&iS frt S ukefcI H _yK_yif&rnfhtysuftpD;rsm; tdrfiSg;odkhr[kwftrd fiSg;ol.{nfhonfrsm;a}umifhr [kwfaomtysuftpD;rsm; ⇒ tdrftrd;k ,d_k cif; ⇒ a&ydu k frsm;usKd ;yJh_cif; ⇒ rD;zd/k a&ylpufEiS fhv#yfppfypPnf;rsm;tvdk tav#muf csdkhKh,iG f;ysufp;D _cif;/

tdrfiSg;olrsm;twGuftaumif;qH;k t}uHay;csufrsm;? tdrf&iS fodkhr[kwfypGJ m;xHryS xrcGifh_yKcsufr&bJtrd fe&H rH sm;wGifoaH csmif;odrkH [kwfcsw d frsm; rxnfh&yg?

21

tquf-— rGrf;rH_yK_yif_cif;eSifhxed f;odrf;apmifha&Smuf_cif; rnfuJhodkhtultnDawmif;rnfenf;?

t*Fvdyf/ _refrmpum;a_ymwwfou l dk&Smyg? znfhoGif;&eftultnDawmif;yg? taqmuftOD;_yK_yifxed f;odrf;rSKyHpk u H dk_znf xdkaemufyHkpu H dkatmufygXgewckco k dkh,laqmif_yD;_yyg? _yyg? ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒

Interlink ( tprS 6 vtxd ) vlrsK;d tkyfpktzGJhtpnf;acgif;aqmif(tcsdefra&G;) tdrfyidk f&Sif/ ud, k fpm;vS,fypGJ m; ( 6 v}um_yD;v#if) bmompum;ESpfrsKd ;wwf_yD;vlrKS a&;udpu P n l D aqmif&u G faeol( tcsdefra&G;)

tydkif; 3 _opa_w;vswGiftdrfiSm;aexdkifv#ift_cm;odoifh aomt_uH_yKcsufrsm;

*&k_yK&rnfhtcsufrsm; -

tu,fIbm_zpf_zpfem;rvnfraocsmv#iftul tultnDawmif awmif;yg?

⇒

Interlink (tprS 6 vtxd) tdrf&iS f/ud, k fpm;vS,fyGJpm; ( 6 v }um_yD }um_y;D v#if ) vlrsKd ;tkyfpktzGJhtpnf;acgif;aqmif (tcsdefra&G;) bmompum;ESpfrsKd ;wwf_yD;vlrKS a&;udpu P n l Daqmif&u G faeol (tcsed fra&G;)

⇒

ACCES - 0efaqmifrKS vkyfief;tzGJh (tcsdefra&G;)

⇒

MFO ,Ofaus;rSKaygif;pHkro d m;pktzGJh (tcsdefra&G;)

⇒ ⇒ ⇒

⇒ ⇒

tdrfwGif;tEW tE&W m,fuif;vH_k cKH pdwfcspmG aeedKifa&; tdrfeiS fhoufqikd faomay;aqmif&efa_uG;pmrsm; ⇒ ⇒ a&oH;k pG_J cif;eSifhywfoufIta&;_u;D aomuefhoefhcsuf rsm; owd_yK&ef- Ttydik f;wGifxnfhoiG f;az:_y xm;aom ⇒

rnfolhxrH t S ultnDawmif;rnfenf;?

RTA td;k tdrfO;D pD;Xge (tcsed fra&G;) tdrfiSg;rsm;t}uHay;ESifhwdik fyifct H zGJh

RTA )onftcrJh tdrfiSg;rsm;twGufta&;}uD;aomt}uHay;csufrsm;? tdk;tdrfO;D pD;Xge ((RTA pum;_yefvyk fief;_zifhulnaD y;onf?tu,fI RTA odkhtultnDawmif;vdkv#ifOD;pGm pum;_yeftzGJh (131450) odkhzek f;qufyg? xdlhaemuf RTA odkhqufay;&efa_ymyg?

22

pa__w;vs owif;tcsuftvufrsm;rSm_opa edKifiw H iG ftrd fiSm;&rf;aexdik fvSsifvdu k fem aqmif&Guf&rnfhOya'_yXmef;csufrsm;r[kwf ygaomfvnf;/tdrfiSm;rsm;taeeSifhoo d ifhod xdu k faomta&;_u;D aomtcsuftvufrsm; _zpf_uygonf?

43

tquf-

tquf— - rGrf;rH_yK_yif_cif;eSifhxed f;odrf;apmifha&Smuf_cif;/

pmay;pm,l

_yifqif_cif;ESif_yK_yifxed f;odrf;&efowif;ydkh_cif; -

tao;pm;aiGwmif;qdck iG fhcH&k ;Hk (SCT) ⇒ tpd;k &tdrf&mvkyfief;Xme ⇒

1/ Interlink rSwqifhtrd fiSg;v#if (Australia H dkha&mufpESifh 6 (Australia Edik fio vtxd)

⇒Centrelink

InterlinkXmerS XmerSa&muf&v Sd medKifaompmrsm; ⇒ ⇒ ⇒

⇒

tdrfiSm;pmcsKKyf tdrfvceSifhywfoufaompm tdrfe;D em;csif;tm;taeSmuft,Suf_zpf _cif;eSifhywfoufaompm tdrfoefh&iS f;oyf&yfpGmapmifha&Smuf&efeiS fh ywfoufaompm

Interlink rSwqifhtrd figS ;v#if/ tdrf_yif_cif;ESifhxdef;odrf;_cif;tpDtpOfrmS atmufygtwdik f;_zpfygonf?

yxrtqifh-— tdrfigS ;olu Interlink odhk ta}umif;}um;&rnf? R o D kdhta}umif;}um;&rnf? 'kw, d tqifh— - Interlink rStdrfigS ;ukr%



(tysuftpD;uf_k yifqif&ef Interlink omwm0ef&dSonf? )

wwd,tqifh-— tdrfigS ;ukr% R u D tdrf&iS fohkd t}umif;}um;&rnf? (tdrfigS ;ukr% R o D nf_yK_yifay;&efwm0ef,&l rnf? )

2? tdrf&i S f/tdrfiSg;ukr% R rD w kS u kd f&du k ftrd fiSg;v#if (Australia (Australia a&muf_yD;

ta&;_u;D aomtcsufrsm;

oifonftao;pm;aiGawmif;qdck iG fhc&kH H;k rSpm&&So d nfqydk gu 1? cH&k ;Hk rSqifhac:aomaehwiG f&;Hk wufyg?(oifh&aSk 'gifhudw k if _yedKifonf?) 2? t*Fvyd fbmompum;wwfuGsrf;a_ymqdw k wfot l m; oifeiS fhtwlac:aqmifoGm;yg?

42

6 v ESifhtxuf )

txufygtwdkif;wdu k f&u kd figS ;v#if/tdrf_yK_yifxed f;odrf;&eftwGufowif;ydhk &rnfh vkyfief;pOfrmS -

yxrtqifh-— tdrfigS ;olutdrfigS ;ukr% R o D dhk ta}umif;}um;yg? 'kw, d tqifh-— tdrfigS ;ukr% R u D tdrf&iS fohkd xyfqifhta}umif;}um;yg? wwd,tqifh—- tdrf&Sifu_yK_yif&efoabmwlv#iftrd figS m;ukr% R u D _yK_yif&eftpDtpOfvkyfay;&rnf?

tdrfiSg;twGufaumif;aomt}uHay;csurf sm;? tdrf&iS fEiS fhtrd fiSm;ukr% R w D ikG f/ tdrf_yK_yifxed dford f;rSKyHpk Hrsm;&So d nf? TpmtkyfpmrsufESm 63wGifaz:_yxm;aomyHpk Hudkvnf;toH;k csI&ygonf?

23

tquf-rGrf;rH_yK_yif_cif;eSifhxed f;odrf;apmifha&Smuf_cif;

pmay;pm,l



ta&;^uD;aomtcsuf

⇒rdrx d aH &mufvmaompmrsm;ud^k ud;k pm;Izwfoifhh

a&,d_k cif;/ a&pufusae_cif;

onf?tu,fIpmrzwfwwfygupmzwfwwf^yD; rdrt d m;tultnDay;edKifou l d2k 4em&DtwGif;&Smoifhygonf?

rnfoel iS fhpum;a^ymqdrk vJ? rD;rvif;v#ifr;D vH;k vJv, S f&ef vkt d yf_cif;_zpfEdik fonf? a&yef;ydu k facgif;_yKwf us_cif;

⇒

Interlink tdrfei S fhaxmufyHha&;Xme (0 -6 v)

tdrf&iS fodkhr[kwfypGJ m;(6vvGefaomumv) ⇒ vlrsLd ;tkyfpt k zGJhtpnf;acgif;aqmif(tcsed fra&G;) ⇒ bmompum;2rsKd ;a^ymedKif^yD;vlrKSk a&;udpa P qmif&u G fol(tcsed fra&G;) ⇒ trSKudpa P qmif&u G fay;aom0efxrf;rsm;(tcsed fra&G;) ⇒ ,Ofaus;rSKaygif;pHr k o d m;pktzGJh0ifrsm;(tcsed fra&G;) ⇒ ACCES0efaqmifrKS vkyfief;Xme tdrfiSm;vkyfief;eSifhywfouf^yD;a&muf&v Sd medKifaompmrsm; ⇒



_cifZumrsm;ayguf_yJ_cif;

⇒ ⇒ ⇒

rD;owday;v#yfppfacgif;avmif;udk 3 v w}udrfppfaq;&ef "gwfcJ 3 vwcgvdt k yfyguvJvS,f&ef

⇒

⇒

tdrfiSg;rsm;twGuftaumif;qHk;t_uH_y;Kcsufrsm; tu,fIoifonfr;D vH;k ukd oifhzgomvJv, S frnf [kqH;k _zwfcJhv#ift_rJwrf;v#yfppf"gwftm;udyk xrqH;k ydwf&rnf?

24

tdrf0ifa&mufppfaq;cGifhta_ a_umif;_um;pm(yHpk H 9) ^yK^yifrKS uwdazgufzsuf^cif;ta_ ta_umif;_um;pm(yHpk H 11) tdrfrq S if;ay;&efta_ a_umif;_um;pm(yHpk H 12) iSm;vufptdrfudak &mif;csvdak _umif;tdrf&iS frt S a_ a_umif;_um;pm (yHpk H 10) tdrf&iS fodkhr[kwfypGJ m;xHrpS mcsKyfuek fq;Hk awmhrnfht a_umif;today;pm

k fy;Hk udkaehpOfzGifh^unfh tdrfiSm;rsm;twGuftaumif;qH;k t^uHay;csufrsm;? pmwdu

oifhygonf/ta&;^uD;^yD;csufcsif;vkyfaqmifa^z&Sif;&rnfhupd rP sm;eSifhywfoufaompmrsm; a&mufvmedKifaoma^umuf^zpfonf?

41

tdrfiSg;&rf;aexdik fpOftwGif;awGh}uHKEdik faom _y\emrsm; rnfuho J dkhaqmif&u G f&rnfenf; - - - -

tquf-— rGrf;rH_yK_yif_cif;eSifhxed f;odrf;apmifha&Smuf_cif; ta&;ay:_yK_yifxed f;odrf;a&;rsm;

tu,fIoifonftrd frq S if;ay;&efE;Sdk aqmfpmodkhr [kwf_yK_yif&efuwdcsKd ;azgufrKS Ed;k aqmfpmrsm;vufc&H &S_d yD/,if;ESKd ;aqmfpmrsm; wGiftrd f&iS frpS yG fpx GJ m;onfhupd rP sm;udo k abmwlnD_cif;r&Syd gut_iif;yGm;rSK a_z7Sif;_cif;udpt P wGuft;dk tdrfO;Dl pD;XgewGifav#mufxm;Edik fygonf? ⇒td;k tdrfO;D pD;Xge

obm0"gwfaiGhodkhr[kwfv#yfppfr;D [if;csufr;D zdyk sufp;D ,dk ,Gif;ae_cif;

RTA onft_iif;yGm;rSKudu k n l aD _z&Sif;ay;Edik fygonf?

td;k tdrfO;D pD;Xgde RTAud k fwidk fwu dk f&dkufpum;a_ymqdEk idk fouJhodkhoifh RTAud, ud, k fpm;wOD;wa,mufua_ymqdak y;Edik fygonf? ⇒oifhu, dk fpm;a_yma&;qdck iG fh&o Sd w l a,mufucdk iG fh_yKa}umif;av#mufv$mwGif vufrw S fa&; xd;k ay;Edik fygonf?

⇒

RTAonf k fa&;ud, k fwmudpaP pmifhxrd f;a&;Oya' RTAonfuf, t&aqmif&u G frnf_zpfygonf? ⇒ oifhup k ;Hk 0ayguf}um; d EP iS fhygwfoufIa_ymqdak ompum;tm;vH;k udv rSKr&Sad tmifv#dhK0SufpGmxdef;odrf;xm;rnf_zpfygonf?

tdrfomtd;k ydwfqhkd _cif;/ tdrfoma& qGcJ vkwftvkyfrvkyf_cif;/ rSef_yLwif;uG_J cif;

⇒ td;k tdrfO;D pD;Xge

tdrfiSg;rsm;twGuftaumifq;Hk t}uH_yKcsufrsm;? t_iif;yGgaeonfhupd t P wGuf

tdrf&iS fEiS fhpum;a_yma_z&Sifh&eftultnDvdktyfygutdrfiSg;vkyfief;t_uHay;ESifht _uay;;0efaqmivkyfief;rsm;.trnfpm&if;udkTvrf;n$efwGifxnfhoGif;az:_yxm;ygonf?

40

a&ylr&&S_d cif;

yxrOD;pGm— - - -

1/ rDwmyH;k odkhoGm;a&muf_yD; 2/ a&ylr;D cvkwfyw d fae/raepHpk rf;yg? ydwfaeyg v#if_yefzGifh& ygrnf? tu,fIzGifhvSsufom;yif&aSd eonfqydk ghu/ a&ylvm onftxdapmifh_unfh&ygrnf? tu,fI a&ylrvmawmhyg rStdrf&iS fodkhr[kwfyGpJ m;xHta_ a_umif;_um;tyfygonf? 3/ a&ylr;D cvkwfyw d faeondu_dk yefziG fh_unfhaomfvnf; zGifh vdkhr&_zpfaeygutdrf&iS fodkhr[kwfyGJpm;tm; ta_ ta_umif;_um;oifhygonf?

tdrdiSgm;rsm;twGuftaumif;qHk;t}uH_yKcsufrsm;? ta&;ay:_yK_yif&efupd rP sm;_zpfay:vmyguqufoG,f&efykíKd vfrsm;udo k ifh. tdrfiSm;pmcsKyfwiG fxnfhoiG f;az:_yxm;oifhonf?

25

tdrfwGif;/tdrfh_yifu*dk &kpu dk fxed f;odrf;_cif;

tquf-tdrfiSm;&rf;aexdik fpOfumvtwGif;awGh^ukeH dik faom^y\emrsm;

tdrftwGif;t_yifuo dk efh&iS f;pGmxm;&efeiS fhxed f;odrf;&efrSmtdrfiSm;.wm0ef_zpfonf? rnfuJhodkhoefh&iS f;&rnfut dk wdtusa_ym&efcufygonf?wpfO;D eSifhwpfO;D t,ltquGJ _ym;edKifygonf?aemufaz:_yrnfhpmrsufeSmrsm;wGiftrd f&Syd pPnf;tcsKd hufrk nfuJhodkhoefh &Sif;edKifrnfhenf;rsm;udak y;vdrfhrnf?owdxm;&efrSm_urf;cif;aumfaZmrsm;wGift uGuftpGef;rsm;odkhr[kwfa&csL;d cef;wGifa&nSrd SKkd rsm;wufvSsiftrd fpabmfaiGqH;k &SK;H eKdif onf?

_yK_yifrKS uwdcsKd ;azguf_cif;twGufESKd ;aqmfpmyHpk 1H 1 TyHpk o H nftrd f&iS fa&mtdrfiSg;ygtoH;k csEidk faomyHpk _H zpfonf? ⇒

oefh&iS f;a&;twGufypPnf;rsm;udrk nfonfhae&mrSm&edKifovJ ⇒ taxGaxGypPnf;rsm;a&mif;aomqdik fr&S edKifonf? ⇒

oefh&iS f;a&;twGufrnfonfhypPnf;rsm;udo k ;Hk oifhovJ ⇒ w&m;0ifaxmufcx H m;onfhypPnf;rsm;udo k moH;k yg/ ypPnf;ay:rSne$ f_um;xm;aomwHqyd fu_dk unfhyg? vdv k siS ftultnDawmif;yg?

⇒

obm0ywf0ef;usiftwGufoifhavsmS faomypPnf;rsm;……..

&Smvum&nf- &Smvum&nfudak &eSifha&m_yD;a&nSrd dKS rsm;z,f&Sm;&efo;Hk edKifonf? tdrfe&H o H w k fpw k fweftpd-k wHcg;abmifrsm;udo k efh&iS f;&efo;Hk edKifonf? pm;aqmf'grSKHh-t0wftpdw k iG f_zL;_yD;tqDtnpfrsm;udo k efh&iS f;edKif onf? pm;aqmf'grSKHh-_urf;cif;aumfaZmrSteHhrsm;aysmuf&efpm;aqmf'g k feKd ifonf? rSkKH hudt k &if_zL;_y;D rSzpHk w k fpuf_zifhpw k fxw k

26

⇒

taxGaxGtrd fiSg;pmcsKyfwiG f_yXgef;xm;aompnf;urf;rsm; udak zgufzsufonfqydk gutdrf&iS fonftrd fiSg;xHodkhTyHpk H kH wday;Edik fygonf? (Oyrm? tdrfiSg; ESKd ;aqmfpmudak y;ydo onftrd fvctcsed freS ad y;_cif;r&Syd guodkhr[kwftrd fe;D em;csif;rsm; rcHEdik fatmifqq l n l n H H_yKvkyf_cif;_zpfygu) tdrfiSg;taeESifh 7 &uftwGif;_y\emrsm;udak _z&Sif;cGifh&Syd gonf? tdrfiSg;vkyfou l vnf;TykpH EH Sd;k aqmfpmudt k rd f&iS fxo H dkhay;ydkhowday;Edik f ygonf? (Oyrm -a&csKd ;cef;/a&ydu k facgif;usKd ;ysufaeonfudk tdrf&iS f tm;t}udrf}udrfta}umif;}um;_yD;_yK_yifay;&efESKd ;aqmfygaomfvnf; _yK_yif_cif;r&S_d cif;) toifr_S yK_yifrKS csKd ;azguf_cif;twGufEKSd ;aqmfpmyHpk H 11 udt k rd f&iS fxo H dkhxw k f_yef_yD;v#iftrd f&iS ftae ESifhvnf; 7 &uftwGif;_y\emrsm; udak _z&Sif;cGifh&Syd gonf?

tdrfiSg;rsm;twGuftaumif;qH;k t}uH_yKcsufrsm; ?

yHpk 1H 1 ESdK;aqmfpmray;ydkhciftrd f&SifEiS fhtrd fiSg;wdkhonf_y\emrsm;udak _yvnf atmifpum;a_ymqdka_z&Sif;oifhygonf?

39

tdrfiSg;&rf;aexdik fpOfumvtwGif;awGh}uHKEdik faom_y\emrsm;

tdrfwiG f;tdrf_yifxed f;odrf;_unfh&Skxm;_cif;-— {nfhcef;eSifhxrif;pm;cef;

tdrfiSm;&rf;aexdik fpOfumvtwGif;_uKHaumif;_uKHeKd ifaom_y\emrsm;rSm OyrmS dkvSsif Oyrm-oifhbufrq ⇒ ⇒

tdrfvcray;Edik f;_cif;/tdrfvcaemufusraS y;aqmif_cif; tdrf_cH0if;twGif;_rufr&dwf_zwfo_zifh_rufrsm;wtm;&Snfae_cif;/ tdrf&iS fbufrq S v dk #if ⇒ ⇒

⇒

⇒

_udw k ifta_ d o J ifhtrd fwiG f;odkh0ifa&muf_cif; a_umif;_um;_cif;r&Sb tdrfwiG f_yifqifp&mrsm;&So d nfut dk }udrf}udrftoday;t_ y;t_umif; _um;aomf_im;vnf;vm&muf_yifqifay;_cif;r&S_d cif; txufygudp&P yfrsm;_zpfyGm;ae_yDqdyk gutdrfiSg;ESifhtrd f&iS fwdkhonf wOD;ESifhwOD;_ud;k pm;qufoG,fIpum;a_ymqdk}urnf? xdt k cgta_ctaeudek m;vnfoabmaygufEidk fygonf? yHpk H 11 _yK_yifay;&efwm0ef&So d nfudck sKd ;azguf_yD;tav; rxm;vkyfaeonfuEdk SKd ;aqmfpmay;ydkhowday;_cif;/ t_iif;yGm;rSKa_z&Sif;_cif;(yHpk H 16) wGif_znfhpu G fItd;k tdrfO;D pD;Xge odkhwif_yv#ifÖif;XgerStrd f&iS f/tdrfiSg;t}um;_zpfyGm; aeaom _y\emudu k n l aD _z&Sif;ay;Edik fygonf?

oefh&iS f;&efeiS fhxed f;odrf;&eftwGuft_uHay;csufrsm; ⇒ ⇒

⇒

⇒ ⇒

⇒

oH;k _yD;aomypPnf;rsm;ud_k yef&Sif;xm;yg?z,f&mS ;yg? rSefwcH g;eSifh_yLwif;aygufreS frsm;udkrSefokwfaq;&nf_zifh oefh&iS f;yg(yd_k yD;ta&mifvuf&efowif;pmpuULvH;k acs_yD;wdu k fyg) aumfaZmay:wGift&nfusvsS if/csuf_cif;okwfypfyg/pGef; xif;_cif;udu k muG,feKd ifrnf? zHpk w k fpuf_zifhteJqH;k wpfywfwpfcg_g_ud;k pm;_yD;zHkpkwfoefh&Sif;yg? eH&Hrsm;udkaq;oefh&iS f;&nfohkd [w k ftmrcHxm;aomaq;&nf _zifhoefh&Sif;yg?(Oyrmyg?(Oyrm-o_um;qyf_ym&nf) _yLwif;aygufabmifeiS fhwHcg;abmifrsm;udkomG ;wdu k fwHta[mif; ta_cmuf_zifhoefh&iS f;_yD;rSpw k fwt H pd_k zifhxyfwu kd foefh&iS f;yg?

zHpk w k fpuf

tdrfiSg;rsm;twGuft}uH_LyKcsuf? tdrfrKSwGufay;&efodkhr[kwf_yK_yifrSKcsKd ;azguf_cif;ESKd ; aqmfpmrsm;&&Scd Jhygv#if tdrf&iS fodkhr[kwf/yGpJ m;/td;k tdrfOD;pD;Xge/ TAAS wdkhEiS fha_ymqdk aqG;aEG;_cif_zpfvaHk vmufaomtcdsefay;xm;_cif;&Srd &Spd pfaq;od&eSd Kd ifygonf?

tdrfimS ;rsm;twGuftaumif;qHk;t_uaH y;csufrsm;? _urf;cif;aumfaZmrsm; udktywfpOfrSefrSefzpkH w k fpuf_zifhoefh&Sif;yguzHkeiS fhtpGef;rsm;uif;pifeKd ifonf

38 ⇒

27

tdrfwGif;tdrf_yifEiS fhywfoufIxdef;odrf;}unfh&_+ cif;

tquf— - - - tdrfppfaq;}unfh&_+ cif;

tdrfohkd vma&muf}unfh&+ppfaq;cH&awmhrnfqkdygu}udw k if_yifqifxm;oifh aomta}umif;udprP sm;rSm -

rdrad eaomtdrfud&k iS f;vif;xm;&ef - twGif;ydik f; ⇒ rD;zdck ef; (Oyrmk ay:ydik f;ESifhatmufyidk f;tvHrk ;D zdk) (Oyrm-rD;zdt ⇒ }urf;_yifrsm;tm;vH;k ⇒ aumfaZmrsm; ⇒ tdrfe&H rH sm; ⇒ bD'rdk sm; ⇒ a&csKd ;cef; ⇒ a&csKd ;Zvm;/uef ⇒ tdyfcef;rsm; ⇒ tuDst F 0wftpm;rsm;udb k 'D rdk sm;wGif;odrf;qnf;xm;&ef

rsufESmusufyefum

tdyf,m

rdrad eaomtdrfud&k iS f;vif;xm;&ef— - t_yifyikd f;

⇒

pm}unfhpm;yGEJ Sufhpm}unfhr;D tdrf

⇒ ⇒ ⇒

bD;wyftrSKd ufy;Hk (trSKd ufrsm;udt k w d fEiS fhxnfhItvHck sx D m;&ef) _ruf&w d fxm;&ef aygif;oifxm;&ef _ywif;aygufrsm;aq;a}umwdkufcsw G fxm;&ef




vkyfoifh xdik fcHk

 rvkyfoifh

tdrfiSg;rsm;twGuftaumif;qH;k t}uH_yKcsuf?

⇒

tdyf,mcif;eSifhacgif;tHk;cGyfrsm;udt k ywfpOftopfa_ymif;vJ_yD;ta[mif; udkav#mfzw G fyg?

28

37

tdrfwGif;tdrf_yifxed f;odrf;apmifha&Smuf_cif;

tdrfppfaq;&efvlvmawmhrnfqydk gu rnfolhudv k ufco H ifh_y;D tdrfwiG f;odkh0ifciG fhay;rvJ? ⇒

⇒ ⇒

rdrrd odaomvl_zpfygu oufaocHtaxmuftxm;pm&Gufpm wrf;odkhr[kwfXgeqdik f&mu'f_ym;odkhr[kwf0efxrf; wHqyd f u'f_ym;_yoEdik faomoluo dk mtdrfwiG f;odkht0ifco H ifhygonf? rnforl nf0g_zpfa}umif;r_yoEdik fou l dv k ;Hk 0tdrfwiG f;t0ifrcHygESifh? tdrfvma&mufppfaq;rnf_zpfa}umif;}udKwifta}umif;}um; csufrydkhxm;ygu/tdrfwiG f;odkht0ifrcHoifhyg?

t_rJwef;ppfaq;}unfh&efrSm-

1? vma&mufppfaq;rnfhypHk H 9 wGiftrd fppfaq;rnfhorl Smrnfol rnf0Sg_zpfa}umif;ESifh 2? xdo k o l nfrnfonfhvyk fief;XgerSv_l zpfa}umif;

oefh&iS f;a7;ESifhxed f;odrf;_cif;enf;vrf;rsm; ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒

tdrfiSg;rsm;twGuftaumif;qH;k t_uH_yKcsuf? oifhtrd f0wGifvlprd f;awGhygu eHrnfESifhb,fae&m/ b,fXgerSvmol_zpfa}umif;wdkhuadk r;_ref;pHpk rf;oifhygonf?

36

rD;zdak csmifuadk ehpOfoefh&iS f;pif_u,fpGmxm;oifhygonf? toH;k _yK_y;D aomypPnf;rsm;udak q;a_ q;a_umokwfoif_y;D odrf;qnf; oifhygonf? rD;zdek &H rH sm;tm;vH;k aq;a_ aq;a_umoifhygonf? _urf;cif;rsm;udv k u SJ sif;Ia&ywfreS freS fwu dk fygutpGef;txif;rsm;pGx J if_cif;uif;ygrnf __urf;cif;a}uG_ym;rsm;udkowfrw S fxm;aomaq;&nfEiS fha&ywfreS freS fwdu k o f ifhygonf? opfom;_urf;cif;twGufomtoHk;}yk&efowfrw S fxm;aomoefhpifaq;&nfrsm;udak _uG __ym;_urf;cif;rsm;twGuftoH;k r_yKoifhhyg?

tdrfiSg;rsm;twGuftaumif;qHk;t}uH_yKcsufrsm;? tpm;taomufrsm;udzk Hk;tkyford f;qnf;xm;ygv#ifyk&Gufqw d f/ yd;k [wf/ }uGufrsm;rvm a&mufEdkifyg?

29

tdrfudv k ma&mufppfaq;_cif; rnfonfhyHpk pH m&Gufrsm;oifhxaH &mufvmrnfenf;? [if;csufr;D zdk

rdu k fc&dak 0h ⇒

tdrfwiG f;0ifa7mufppfaq;cGifh_yK&efypHk H 9

a&cJaowWm

xdyk kpH w H iG fbmaz:_yxm;rnfvJ rHkhzw l fvifyef;

rnfonfhaeh&ufwiG ftrd fvma&mufppfaq;rnf? ⇒rnfov l ma&mufppfaq;rnf? ⇒xdp k pfaq;olrSmrnfonfhXgeqdik f&mrS_zpfrnf ⇒

[if;td;k rsm;

aygifrHkhr;D uifpuf vsS#ufppfa&aEG;c&m;

}udKwifta}umif;}um;_cif;

oefh&iS f;&efeiS fhxed f;odrf;&eft_uHay;cs ay;csufrsm;

rD;zdck w Hk ef;&Snfrsm;k efhpifEidk faomaq;&nfoefhpif&nftyspf ;- tvH;k pHo rD;zkd tay:ydik f;-tvH;k pHo k efhpifEidk faomaq;&nf -oefhpif&nftyspf rD;zd–k atmufyidk f;tvHrk ;D zd-k tvHrk ;D zko d efhpif&nf? -tvH;k pHo k efhpifEidk faomaq;&nf? -yd;k owfoefhpifEidk faomaq;&nf? rD;zdyk ef;uefcu G fa,mufrsm;(Oyrm;(Oyrm-yef;uef_ym;/cGuf/atmufcH yef;uef/ "g;/ ZGef;c&if;rsm;);)-yd;k owfoefhpifEidk faomaq;&nf

30

⇒

tdrfppfaq;_cif;- 7 &uf}udw k ifta}umif;}um;&

ygrnf

⇒

tdrf_yK_yifwyfqif_cif;- 24em&D}udKwifta}umif;}um;ygrnf?

tdrfigS ;rsm;twGuftaumif;qH;k t}uhH_yKcsuf? tdrfwiG f;odhk 0ifa&mufppfaq;awmh rnfqv kd #if 7 &uf}ud w k ifIt a}umif;_um;pm&&Sdoifhonf?

35

tdrfwiG f;tdrf_yif**kpu dk f}unfh&x + ed f;odrf;_cif;

tdrfwGif;tdrf_yif**kpu dk f}unfh&x + ed f;odrf;_cif; tdrf_cH0ef;_yifyY

bD;wwftr+dwfyH;k rD;zdak csmifrt S npftaus;tr+u d fo&ku d frsm;udt k dwfrsm;ESifhxnfhIvH_k cHpk Gmpnf;aESmif_yD;rSb;D wwftr+u d fy;Hk wGifodkhxnfhoifhygonf?

trSKd ufy;Hk

_yefvnftoH;k _yKedKifaomt&m

tdrfiSg;rsm;twGuft}uH_yKcsuf? tdrf&iS fodkhr[kwfyGJpm;wdkh udkrnfonfhaehwGiftrSKd ufy;Hk xkwf&rnf/trdKS ufum;vmodrf;rnfuadk r; _ref;&rnf?

34

oefh&iS fa&;ESifhxed f;odrf;apmifhav#muf_cif;/ rsufEmS opfpif-oefhpif&nftyspftvH;k pHo k efhpifaq;&nf rSef–- rSefaq;&nf a&csKd ;cef;rSefrsm;;- rSefaq;&nf rSKd - "gwfaq;&nfcsG wfaq; tdrd fomurkwf-— tdrfomaq;wlwfwHEiS fhr}umc%aq;a}um&ygrnf? oefhpif&nftyspf/ rul;qufapaomaq;&nf/ tdrfomaq;&nf/ }urf;cif;a}uG_ym;rsm;;-a}uG_ym;rsm; twGufoefh&iS f;&efxkwfxm;aomaq; &nfomoH;k oifhygonf?opfom;}urf; cif;aq;&nfudrk oH;k &efowd_yKyg?

tdrfigS ;rsm;twGuft}uH_yKcsuf-oefhpif&nftyspftpm;bdik fumbdek w d f qd'k gudkvnf;a&pdt k 0wfay:wGif_z;l _yD;yGwfwu kd foefhpif&efo;kH Edkifygonf?

31

tdrfwGif;/tdrf_yif**kpu dk f}unfh&x + ed f;odrf;_cif;-— -

tdrfwGif;tdrf_yif**kpw dk f}unfh&+xed f;odrf;_cif;


yef;rsm;

 tdrf_cH0ef;twGif;xdef;odrf;&eft}uH_yKcsuf ⇒

t0wfav#mfpufESifht0wfta_ a_cmuf cmufcpH uf

⇒

tdrf_cH0ef;wGif;xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smuf&efEiS fh_ruf&w d f&efwdkhrmS rdr. d wm0ef[w k f/r [kwftrd f&iS ftm;ar;_ref;pHpk rf;&ef d f&efwm0efrmS rdrdwm0ef_zpf_yD;rdrx d HY_ruf&dwfpufr&Syd gurdwfaqG _ruf7w

oli,fcsif;rsm;xHwi G fiSg;&rf;&ef/&r&pHpk rf;}unfh&ef/

oefh&iS f;a&;ESifhxed f;odrf;r+t}uH_yKcsufrsm; t0wftpm;rsm;udt k 0wfav#mfqyf_ymr+Hh/qyf_ym&nfEiS fht0wftxnfEKk ;nHh aysmha_ymif;apaomaq;&nfrsm;eSifhavSsmfzw G foifhygonf? ⇒

t0wfav#mfqyf_ymrSKHh/qyf_ym7nfrsm;ESifht0wfav#mfzw G fygu tn$ef;twdik f;vdt k yfaomtwdik f;twmudo k mtoH;k _yK&ef

tdrfiSg;rsm;twGufaumif;aomt}uH_yKcsuf? t0wfta_cmufcpH ufudkt oHk;_yK rnfqydk gu ppfZum_ym;udkRrS eS freS foehfpif_yD;rStoH;k _ykKoifhygonf? ppfZum_ym;wGif acs;anSmfrsm;ydwfqdkhxx l yfvGef;csdefwiG ftoHk;_yKrnfqydk gurD;pGaJ vmifeKd ifygonf?

32

_ruf&w d fpuf

opfyif

yef;_co H H;k wGef;vSnf;

vuf&rf;_ruf_zwfpuf

tdrfiSm;rsm;twGuftaumif;qHk;t}uH_yKcsuf? 4 ywfrS 6 ywfwcgwpfO;D wpf a,muftm;iSg;&rf;I_ruf&w d fcidk f;Edik fygonf? &yfuGufro d m;pktzGJhtpnf;Xmersm;wGif ar;_ref;pHkprf;}unfhygu_ruftiSg;vdkuf&w d forl sm;pm&if;&Edik fygonf?

33